JP7396644B2 - Fire extinguishing equipment and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing method.

Forest fires are occurring frequently in various places due to global warming. Because the fire site is located in a mountainous region with many ups and downs, forest fire technologies have been developed to assist in firefighting efforts. For example, Patent Document 1 has a chassis formed of a metal structure, a power wheel is installed at the rear of the chassis, the power wheel has a plurality of flaps along the outer periphery, and the power wheel is located on the side of the shaft. A fire extinguishing system is disclosed in which power is transmitted from a toothed crown gear installed in a fire extinguisher.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-183401

However, with the above technology, it is necessary to go to the site of a forest fire deep in the mountains, and there is a problem in that initial extinguishing is difficult.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing device that assists in initial fire extinguishing in forests and the like.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes: a storage means for storing a fire extinguishing agent in a shell; a scattering means for scattering the fire extinguishing agent by bursting the shell; installation means for installing the containing means at a predetermined height from the ground; and reflecting means for reflecting the scattered extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction; It is characterized by scattering.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is the fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflecting means is installed above the shell with respect to the ground so as to cover the shell. shall be.

Moreover, the invention according to claim 3 is the fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the reflecting means has a conical shape with an apex facing toward the shell.

Further, the invention according to claim 4 is the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent by the pressure of a gas cylinder. do.

Further, the invention according to claim 5 is the fire extinguishing device according to claim 4 , in which the biasing means is released by a liquid, and the gas cylinder is opened by the biasing means to blow out gas. It is characterized by

Moreover, the invention according to claim 6 is the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the storage means stores plant seeds.

Moreover, the invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 6 , the seeds of the plants are covered with a heat insulating agent.

Further, the invention according to claim 8 is the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising: an alarm means for notifying an alarm before the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent. It is also characterized by the following features:

The invention according to claim 9 further includes a detection step for detecting temperature, a shell body installed at a predetermined height from the ground and housing a fire extinguishing agent, and a shell body rupturing the shell body to scatter the fire extinguishing agent. A fire extinguisher having a scattering means, comprising a scattering step of activating the scattering means of the fire extinguisher when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, and a reflecting step of reflecting the scattered extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction. It is characterized by containing.

According to the present invention, a storage means containing a fire extinguishing agent in a shell is installed at a predetermined height from the ground, and by bursting the shell at a predetermined temperature or higher and scattering the fire extinguishing agent, forest, etc. can assist in initial fire extinguishing at locations where fire extinguishing equipment is installed.

It is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fire extinguishing device concerning this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fire extinguisher shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a controller in FIG. 1. FIG. It is a flow chart which shows an example of operation of a fire extinguishing device. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fire extinguishing device concerning a 2nd embodiment. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fire extinguisher shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the reflecting means of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the reflecting means of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the reflecting means of FIG. 5. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of a divergence means. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a gas cylinder release part. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of a fire extinguisher. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of a shell body. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram showing the shell of FIG. 11A in an open state. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of a shell body. FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram showing the shell of FIG. 12A in an open state.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a fire extinguishing device.

(First embodiment)
[1. Configuration and functional overview of fire extinguishing system]
(1.1 Configuration and functions of fire extinguishing system)

First, the configuration and general functions of a fire extinguishing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fire extinguishing device according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fire extinguisher 1 according to the present embodiment includes a fire extinguisher 10 that is installed at a predetermined height from the ground by a pole 5, and that stores a fire extinguishing agent and controls the scattering of the extinguishing agent from the fire extinguisher 10. and a controller 20.

In the fire extinguisher 10, an internal inflator expands in response to an ignition signal from the controller 20, and scatters extinguishing agent around. A fire extinguisher 10 is fixed to the upper end of the pole 5. The diameter of the spherical fire extinguisher 10 is, for example, 30 cm to 1 m.

When the temperature sensor detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the controller 20 notifies the alarm unit 22 with sound or light. The controller 20 transmits an ignition signal to the fire extinguisher 10 when a predetermined period of time has passed after the notification.

The fire extinguishing devices 1 are installed at predetermined intervals in a forest, particularly in areas where fires are likely to occur. In the fire extinguishing device 1, when the controller 20 detects the heat of a fire, the fire extinguisher 10 scatters a fire extinguishing agent into the surrounding area to suppress or extinguish the surrounding fire.

Here, the pole 5 is made of metal, wood, plastic, or the like. The lower end of the pole 5 may be tapered to facilitate insertion into the ground, etc. When the material of the pole 5 is metal, it may be hollow aluminum, stainless steel, or iron. The pole 5 may be a hollow plastic rod.

Wiring connecting the fire extinguisher 10 and the controller 20 is installed in the hollow of the pole 5. If the pole 5 is a wooden pole, a groove for wiring may be provided in the vertical direction.

The length of the pole 5 is, for example, 30 cm to 3 m. The higher the height at which the fire extinguisher 10 is installed, the more widely the fire extinguisher is scattered, but the thinner the fire extinguisher reaches the ground, so it is preferable that the fire extinguisher 10 has a larger diameter.

(1.2 Configuration and functions of fire extinguisher 10)
Next, the configuration and function of the fire extinguisher 10 will be explained using FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fire extinguisher 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fire extinguisher 10 includes a shell 11 that forms the outer shape of the fire extinguisher 10, a fire extinguishing agent 12 accommodated in the shell 11, and an inflator 13 that scatters the fire extinguishing agent 12. Here, the fire extinguisher 10 is an example of a storage means that stores the fire extinguishing agent 12 in the shell 11. The pole 5 is an example of an installation means for installing the accommodation means at a predetermined height from the ground.

The shell 11 is made of plastic, for example. The material of the shell 11 is preferably a material that is decomposed by microorganisms after being dispersed and has a small burden on the environment. For example, the material of the shell 11 is composed of components such as polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, casein, modified starch, cellulose, starch, chitosan, etc., singly or in combination.

The shell 11 may be made of wood. Further, the shell 11 may be made of metal such as aluminum or stainless steel so that it can be reused after scattering the extinguishing agent 12.

The shape of the shell body 11 is, for example, a spherical shell having a predetermined thickness. The shape of the shell 11 may be a cube, a cylinder, a spindle, etc. as long as it can accommodate the extinguishing agent. The shell 11 may have a structure in which paper or plastic film is wrapped in multiple layers like a firework. Further, in order to increase the strength and improve the scattering force, the shell 11 may be further wrapped with fibers on the outside.

The surface of the shell 11 may be subjected to waterproof treatment. The surface of the shell 11 may be treated to prevent deterioration due to ultraviolet rays.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 is a powder type, and includes components having fire extinguishing ability, such as monoammonium phosphate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and the like. Further, the extinguishing agent 12 may be a water/foam-based extinguishing agent containing potassium carbonate, a fluorine-based surfactant, or the like. Further, the fire extinguishing agent 12 may be a fire extinguishing agent that reacts to generate foam, such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and aluminum sulfate.

The extinguishing agent 12 may be a super absorbent polymer containing water. Examples include superabsorbent polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol.

Plant seeds may be mixed with the extinguishing agent 12. This scatters the extinguishing agent and also sows seeds, promoting forest regeneration.

As an example of a plant seed covered with an insulating material, the seed may be coated with an insulating material. For example, seeds and mud may be mixed, dried, and coated with soil. Plant seeds may be coated with an expanded biodegradable plastic.

The inflator 13 has almost the same structure as an airbag installed in a vehicle. The inflator 13 includes a gas generating agent such as guanidine nitrate and ammonium nitrate. It may have a mesh or a shell with holes so that only the gas generated around the inflator 13 is blown out.

The inflator 13 may be made of black powder or smokeless powder. The surface of the inflator 13 may have a structure in which paper or plastic film is wrapped in many layers like a firework.

A fire extinguisher 12 is packed in a shell 11 around an inflator 13 to form a fire extinguisher 10. Here, the inflator 13 is an example of a scattering means that ruptures the shell 11 and scatters the extinguishing agent 12. The inflator 13 is an example of a scattering means that scatters the extinguishing agent 12 at a predetermined temperature or higher.

(1.3 Configuration and functions of controller 20)
Next, the configuration and functions of the controller 20 will be explained using FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of the controller 20. As shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 20 functioning as a computer includes a sensor section 21, an alarm section 22, an ignition section 23, a storage section 24, a communication section 25, a battery section 26, and a control section 27. It is equipped with

The sensor section 21 has a temperature sensor that measures temperature. Examples of the temperature sensor include a thermistor, thermocouple, IC temperature sensor, and resistance temperature sensor. The temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21 is installed on the pole 5, on the surface or underside of the fire extinguisher 10, on the surface of the controller 20, etc. Further, the temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21 is installed at the upper part, the middle part, the lower part near the ground, etc. of the fire extinguishing device 1. The sensor section 21 may include a plurality of temperature sensors.

Further, the sensor section 21 may include a weather sensor such as a humidity sensor that measures humidity and a barometric pressure sensor that measures atmospheric pressure. The sensor unit 21 may include a GPS (Global Positioning System) sensor that measures the position where the fire extinguisher 1 is installed. The sensor unit 21 may include various sensors such as a camera that photographs the surroundings, a microphone that collects surrounding sounds, and a timer that measures time.

The alarm section 22, which is an example of an alarm means for notifying an alarm, includes a warning lamp and a buzzer that emits an alarm sound. The alarm unit 22 may include a speaker.

The ignition unit 23 includes a heating element that generates heat by passing an electric current through it, and an ignition agent such as gunpowder that is ignited by the heat of the heating element. For example, the ignition part 23 is a squib of an airbag or the like. The ignition part 23 is installed in the center of the fire extinguisher 10, that is, in the inflator 13. The ignition section 23 is connected to the control section 27 via a lead wire. The ignition unit 23 ignites the inflator 13 to cause the inflator 13 to burn.

Note that the ignition unit 23 may be a mechanical type that combines a piezoelectric element, a flint, or the like with an ignition agent. The ignition unit 23 may include an elastic body such as a biased spring, and collide with a piezoelectric element or the like to generate a spark that ignites the ignition agent. The ignition part 23 is an example of a scattering means that ruptures the shell 11 and scatters the extinguishing agent 12.

The storage unit 24 is composed of, for example, a silicon disk drive, a hard disk drive, etc., and stores various programs such as an operating system and a control program for the control unit 27.

The various programs may be built-in, for example, may be provided by connecting a computer, may be obtained from another server device via a network, or may be stored on a recording medium. The information may be recorded on the computer and read via a drive device (not shown).

The communication unit 25 is configured to connect wirelessly to a network via a base station and control communication with a management server device (not shown).

The battery section 26 is a primary battery such as an alkaline battery or a lithium battery, or a secondary battery such as a lead-acid battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, or a lithium-ion battery. If the battery section 26 is a secondary battery, it may be charged with power from a solar panel (not shown). The battery section 26 supplies power to the control section 27, the ignition section 23, and the like.

The control unit 27 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like. The control unit 27 performs comparison processing with a predetermined temperature, ignition control, etc. by having the CPU read and execute various programs stored in the ROM or the storage unit 24.

Here, the controller 20 is an example of a scattering means that ruptures the shell 11 and scatters the extinguishing agent 12. The controller 20 is an example of a scattering means that scatters the extinguishing agent 12 at a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

Note that the controller 20 may be formed of an IC such as an operational amplifier instead of the CPU.
The controller 20 compares the sensor section 21 with a predetermined temperature using a comparator element, and supplies current from the battery section 26 to the ignition section 23 as a result of the comparison. The controller 20 outputs the sound generated by the transmitting circuit through the speaker of the alarm unit 22. Note that the controller 20 does not need to include the storage section 24 and the communication section 25.

In addition, the fire extinguishing device 1 may be provided with a lightning rod.

Alternatively, the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10 may be ignited with a fuse. A detonator is installed in place of the ignition unit 23, and a fuse is connected to the detonator. The fuse is exposed outside the fire extinguisher 10 or reaches near the ground along the pole 5. The flame around the fire extinguishing device 1 ignites the fuse, which is transmitted to the detonator, ignites the inflator 13, and the inflator 13 burns. In this case, the controller 20 does not need to include the alarm section 22.

The inflator 13 may be ignited mechanically. For example, when a wire that melts, weakens, or burns due to heat is cut, mechanical energy such as the elastic energy of a spring or the potential energy of a weight is released, which is converted into electrical energy by a piezoelectric element, etc., and produces a spark. The detonator of the ignition unit 23 is activated to ignite the inflator 13.

In addition to the temperature sensor of the sensor section 21, a shape memory alloy whose shape changes due to heat may be used as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy. Further, as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy, a shrinkable resin that shrinks due to heat, such as a polyolefin, a fluoropolymer, or a thermoplastic elastomer, may be used.

As an example of installation means, the fire extinguisher 10 may be hung on a growing tree in addition to the pole 5. The pole may be L-shaped and the fire extinguisher 10 may be hung thereon.

[2. Example of operation of fire extinguisher]
Next, an example of the operation of the fire extinguishing system will be explained using figures.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the fire extinguisher 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fire extinguisher 1 measures the temperature (step S1). Specifically, the controller 20 measures the temperature based on temperature data from the temperature sensor of the sensor section 21. Step S1 is an example of a detection step for detecting temperature.

Note that the controller 20 may transmit various data such as temperature data and other weather data to the management server device through the communication unit 25 sequentially or all at a predetermined time.

Next, the fire extinguisher 1 determines whether the temperature is above a predetermined temperature (step S2). Specifically, in order to determine whether a forest fire is occurring around the fire extinguishing device 1, the controller 20 compares the measured temperature with a predetermined temperature and determines whether the measured temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature or not. Determine whether The predetermined temperature is, for example, a temperature that is not expected at normal temperatures such as 70°C, 80°C, 100°C, and 150°C.

The temperature that the controller 20 compares with the predetermined temperature may be an average of the temperatures from a plurality of temperature sensors, a temperature from at least one temperature sensor, or a weighted temperature depending on the installation position of the temperature sensor. good. Further, when there are multiple temperature sensors, if the temperature of a predetermined number of temperature sensors is higher than a predetermined temperature, the controller 20 determines whether or not a forest fire is occurring around the fire extinguishing device 1. Good too.

If the temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature (step S2; YES), the fire extinguisher 1 issues a warning (step S3). Specifically, the controller 20 turns on the warning lamp of the alarm unit 22, and the buzzer emits an alarm sound. This notifies people in the vicinity of the fire extinguisher 1 that the extinguishing agent will be sprayed. Further, the speaker of the alarm unit 22 may notify the user of the scattering of the fire extinguisher by sound. The alarm sound may be a sound that an animal dislikes. In this way, the fire extinguishing device 1 functions as an example of a warning means for notifying a warning before the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent.

Further, the controller 20 may transmit information indicating that the temperature is a predetermined temperature or higher to the management server device through the communication unit 25.

If the temperature is not higher than the predetermined temperature (step S2; NO), the controller 20 returns to the process of step S1 and measures the temperature.

Next, the fire extinguisher 1 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed (step S4). Specifically, the controller 20 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the controller 20 determines that the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature based on a timer such as the sensor unit 21 . The controller 20 may calculate the passage of a predetermined time based on the number of calculations.

When the predetermined time has passed (step S4; YES), the fire extinguishing device 1 scatters the extinguishing agent (step S5). Specifically, the controller 20 causes current to flow through the ignition section 23, the temperature of the heating element rises, and the ignition section 23 ignites. The ignition unit 23 ignites the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10. The inflator 13 generates a large amount of gas.

The shell 11 ruptures due to the pressure of the gas generated from the inflator 13, and the extinguishing agent 12 from inside the fire extinguisher 10 is scattered around.

By scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12 around the fire extinguishing device 1, it extinguishes surrounding fires, suppresses flames, and prevents the spread of fires that are not yet on fire. Further, if the shell 11 contains plant seeds, the fire extinguishing device 1 scatters the seeds as well.

Step S5 is an example of a scattering step in which the scattering means of the fire extinguisher is activated when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature.

Further, the controller 20 may transmit information on the scattering of the fire extinguishing agent 12 to the management server device through the communication unit 25, together with the fire extinguisher ID, position information, and the like.

If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S4; NO), the fire extinguisher 1 returns to the process of step S4.

As explained above, according to the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the present embodiment, the fire extinguisher 10 containing the extinguishing agent 12 in the shell 11 is installed at a predetermined height from the ground using the pole 5, and the fire extinguisher 10 is installed at a predetermined height from the ground, and By activating the inflator 13, causing the shell 11 to burst and scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12, it is possible to assist in initial fire extinguishing around the place where the fire extinguisher 1 is installed, such as in a forest.

The fire extinguisher 1 can sufficiently extinguish a weak fire in the scattering range of the fire extinguisher 10 at the initial stage of the event. The fire extinguishing device 1 can perform initial fire extinguishing even in a remote place in the forest where a fire brigade cannot immediately extinguish a fire. The fire extinguishing device 1 can suppress the spread of a forest fire that occurs.

Furthermore, when the fire extinguisher 10 contains plant seeds, it is possible to promote forest regeneration after a forest fire.

If a plant's seeds are covered with an insulating material, the insulation can protect them from fire. In addition, by covering soil surfaces covered with fallen leaves with seeds and soil covered with insulating agents, it is expected to work to prevent the spread of fire.

If a warning is given before the fire extinguisher 10 scatters the extinguishing agent 12, even if there are people or animals, they can be evacuated.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a fire extinguishing device according to a second embodiment will be described using figures. Note that the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding parts as in the first embodiment, and only different configurations and operations will be explained. The same applies to other embodiments and modifications.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fire extinguishing device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fire extinguisher.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fire extinguishing device 2 according to the present embodiment includes a fire extinguisher 10A that is installed at a predetermined height from the ground by a pole 5A and that stores a fire extinguishing agent 12, and A controller 20 for controlling the scattering of extinguishing agent 12, and a reflector 30 for reflecting the scattered extinguishing agent 12.

The pole 5A passes through the fire extinguisher 10A, connects to the reflector 30, and supports the reflector 30. The pole 5A has a support base s that supports and fixes the fire extinguisher 10A.

As shown in FIG. 6, the fire extinguisher 10A has a pipe p passing through both poles of the shell 11A. An inflator 13 is installed at the center of the pipe p so as to wrap around the pipe p. A fire extinguishing agent 12 is installed around the pipe p and the inflator 13 and fills the inside of the shell 11A. Note that the shell 11A is made of the same material as the shell 11.

A pole 5A is inserted into the pipe p of the fire extinguisher 10A, and the fire extinguisher 10A is fixed to the support stand s. After the fire extinguisher 10A is inserted, the reflector 30 is fixed to the end of the pole 5A.

The reflector 30 has a conical shape, with the apex facing the fire extinguisher 10A. The reflector 30 is installed above the shell 11A with respect to the ground so as to cover the shell 11A. The size of the bottom surface of the reflector 30 is preferably larger than the diameter of the shell 11A of the fire extinguisher 10A so that rain does not easily fall on the fire extinguisher 10A. The conical surface of the reflector 30 is a reflective surface.

Here, the reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means that reflects the scattered extinguishing agent and changes the scattering direction. The reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means installed above the shell 11A with respect to the ground so as to cover the shell. The reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means having a conical shape with its apex facing toward the shell 11A.

The reflector 30 is made of metal, for example. The reflector 30 may be made of any material or structure as long as it can change the direction of the fire extinguishing agent 12 splashed upward when the shell 11A ruptures laterally. For example, the reflector 30 may be made entirely of wood or plastic. The plastic is preferably a biodegradable plastic.

A solar panel 31 is installed on the bottom surface of the reflector 30. An antenna 32 is installed at the bottom of the reflector 30. The solar panel 31 generates power and the battery section 26 stores the power. The communication unit 25 performs wireless communication using the antenna 32. The controller 20 may be provided inside the reflector 30.

The controller 20 of the fire extinguisher 2 performs the processes from step S1 to step S5 similarly to the controller 20 of the fire extinguisher 1.

When the temperature sensor detects a temperature above a predetermined temperature, the controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 2 notifies the alarm unit 22 with sound or light. The controller 20 transmits an ignition signal to the ignition unit 23 when a predetermined period of time has passed after the notification. The ignition part 23 in the fire extinguisher 10A ignites the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10A. The inflator 13 ruptures the shell 11A and scatters the extinguishing agent 12 around.

Most of the extinguishing agent 12 in the upper half that is scattered upward collides with the conical surface of the reflector 30, bounces off the reflector 30, and is scattered mainly in the horizontal direction.

As explained above, according to the fire extinguishing device 2 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the fire extinguishing device 1, the reflector 30 reflects the extinguishing agent scattered from the fire extinguisher 10 and changes the scattering direction. 12 scattering directions can be controlled. Depending on the shape of the reflector 30 and the direction of the reflecting surface, the extinguishing agent can be efficiently sprayed in a predetermined direction of the fire extinguishing device 2.

When the reflector 30 is installed above the shell 11A with respect to the ground so as to cover the shell 11A, deterioration of the shell 11A from rain and sunlight can be prevented.

When the reflector 30 has a conical shape with the apex facing toward the shell 11A, the fire extinguishing agent 12 is more likely to scatter in the lateral direction with respect to the reflector 30, making it easier to extinguish a wider area.

(Modified example)
Next, modified examples of the reflecting means, the dispersing means, the fire extinguisher, etc. will be explained using figures.

First, modified examples of the reflecting means will be described using FIGS. 7A to 7C.
7A to 7C are schematic diagrams showing modified examples of the reflecting means.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the fire extinguisher 2A may include a flat reflector 30A.

The reflector 30A reflects most of the upper half of the fire extinguishing agent 12 that is scattered upward diagonally downward. The fire extinguishing device 2A can increase the amount of extinguishing agent sprayed at a position within a predetermined radius from the fire extinguishing device 2A.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the fire extinguisher 2B may include an umbrella-shaped reflector 30B.

Most of the upper half of the fire extinguishing agent 12 that is scattered upward is reflected downward by the reflector 30B. The fire extinguishing device 2B can more efficiently extinguish a fire under the user's feet.

Note that even if the reflector 30A or 30B is destroyed due to the rupture of the shell 11A, the fire extinguishing agent 12 can be suppressed from scattering upward.

Further, the reflectors 30A and 30B can prevent rain and sunlight from hitting the fire extinguisher 10A as much as possible, thereby preventing deterioration.

As shown in FIG. 7C, the fire extinguisher 2C may further include a roof portion 33. Rain flows more easily. In particular, when the reflector 30 is made of wood, deterioration due to rain can be prevented.

Next, a modification of the diverging means will be described using FIG. 8.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the divergence means. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a gas cylinder release section.

As shown in FIG. 8, the fire extinguisher 3 includes a fire extinguisher 10B, a controller 20, and a gas cylinder 40. The gas cylinder 40 is an example of a scattering means that scatters the extinguishing agent 12 using the pressure of the gas cylinder.

The gas cylinder 40 is filled with high-pressure carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and the like. Further, the gas in the gas cylinder 40 may be an inert gas such as argon or helium. It may be a component used in a gas fire extinguisher, and the gas in the gas cylinder 40 may be, for example, halon. The gas in the gas cylinder 40 is preferably a gas that suppresses combustion.

The gas cylinder 40 is connected to a gas cylinder release section 41.

As shown in FIG. 9, the gas cylinder release section 41 includes a nail 41a, a spring 41b, a water sensing element 41c, and a tank 41d.

The nail 41a is made of metal such as iron or stainless steel. The tip of the nail 41a is tapered. The nail 41a breaks the gas sealing port of the gas cylinder 40.

The spring 41b, which is an example of the biasing means, is, for example, a coiled metal spring. The spring 41b is compressed and stores elastic energy. The spring 41b may be any elastic body.

The water sensing element 41c is I-shaped and penetrates the inside of the spring 41b, and holds the compressed spring 41b from expanding at both ends. The material of the water sensing element 41c is, for example, a material whose strength decreases with water. The material of the water sensing element 41c is a material in which fibers are hardened with an adhesive such as a starch adhesive, a vinyl acetate resin, or a casein adhesive.

Note that the material of the water sensing element 41c may be a nonflammable organic material, such as a soluble plastic, or a material whose strength is reduced by acid, alkali, or the like.

A liquid such as water is stored in the tank 41d, which reduces the strength of the water sensing element 41c. The tank 41d has a solenoid valve or the like instead of the ignition part 23.

The fire extinguisher 10B has a gas dispersion section 43, which is an example of a dispersion means, instead of the inflator 13. The gas dispersion section 43 is connected to the gas cylinder release section 41 via the pipe 42. The gas dispersion section 43 has a spherical shape, and the surface of the gas dispersion section 43 has holes for discharging high pressure gas from the gas cylinder 40.

The controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 3 notifies the user with sound or light when the temperature sensor detects a temperature above a predetermined value.

The controller 20 transmits a signal to open the solenoid valve of the tank 41d when a predetermined period of time has passed after the notification. The tank 41d supplies water to the room housing the spring 41b and the water sensing element 41c. The tank 41d may include a solenoid valve for water supply and a solenoid valve for taking in air. In addition, the tank 41d is a bag, and the bag is torn to drain water. Water may be supplied to the room housing the water sensing element 41c.

The water reduces the strength of the water sensing element 41c, releases the restraint of the spring 41b, and the spring 41b stretches vigorously, causing the nail 41a to fire gas toward the gas filling port of the gas cylinder 40.

High-pressure gas blows out from the gas cylinder 40, passes through the pipe 42, and reaches the gas dispersion section 43.

The pressure inside the shell 11 increases and the shell 11 ruptures, scattering the extinguishing agent 12 around.

Note that instead of the water sensing element 41c, the trigger may be moved by electromagnetic force in response to a signal from the controller 20, and the spring 41b may be released. Instead of the water sensing element 41c, a shape memory alloy whose shape changes depending on temperature may be used. The opening and closing of the gas cylinder 40 may be controlled directly by a solenoid valve. The gas cylinder release section 41 may have a lever for opening and closing the gas cylinder 40, and the lever may be directly moved by a spring 41b or electromagnetic force. Further, the gas cylinder releasing section 41 has a weight, and the weight falls when triggered by a rise in temperature. The energy of the fallen weight may be used to release the gas in the gas cylinder 40 by driving a nail 41a or moving a lever.

As explained above, according to the fire extinguishing device 3 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect of the fire extinguishing device 1, by scattering the extinguishing agent 12 by the pressure of the gas cylinder 40, the extinguishing agent 12 is dispersed without using explosives. 12 can be scattered.

When the biased spring 41b is released by the liquid and the spring 41b opens the gas cylinder 40 to blow out the gas, the extinguishing agent 12 can be scattered without using gunpowder.

Next, a modified example of the fire extinguisher will be described using FIG. 10.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the fire extinguisher.

As shown in FIG. 10, the fire extinguisher 10C may have a cylindrical shape. An inflator 13 is provided at the center of the cylindrical fire extinguisher 10C.

Further, the controller 20A may be provided under the fire extinguisher 10C. A solar panel may be provided on the upper surface of the fire extinguisher 10C. The strength of the side surfaces of the fire extinguisher 10C may be made weaker than that of the top surface so that the fire extinguishing agent 12 can be easily scattered in the horizontal direction.

Next, modified examples of the shell will be described using FIGS. 10A to 11B.
FIG. 11A and FIG. 12A are schematic diagrams showing modified examples of the shell. FIGS. 11B and 12B are schematic diagrams showing the shell in an open state.

As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the spherical shell 11B may have a structure in which petals open. The shell 11B may have constrictions in the meridian direction at predetermined intervals so that the petals open when the shell 11B attached to the tip of the pole 5 bursts. As shown in FIG. 11B, more of the extinguishing agent 12 is scattered around the inside of the open shell 11B.

As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the spherical shell 11C may have a structure that opens like a kusudama ball. The shell body 11C has a structure in which two hemispheres are combined. As shown in FIG. 12A, the pole 5A penetrates the shell 11C, and the upper part of the shell 11C is fixed to the shell 11C. The shell 11C opens downward to prevent the extinguishing agent 12 from scattering upward.

Note that the trigger for releasing mechanical energy may be a combination of materials having different thermal expansion coefficients. As distortion occurs due to heat, a member made of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients becomes unable to withstand the force of an applied spring or the like, and mechanical energy is released. For example, it is a material made by bonding glass and resin. Further, this material may be a single glass, or any material that becomes brittle due to the difference in expansion coefficient between the surface and the inside. These materials may be bonded together using an adhesive and then peeled off using heat to release mechanical energy such as a spring.

Alternatively, as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy, materials having different thermal conductivities formed by mixing an inorganic filler with a resin and changing the type and blending ratio of the inorganic filler to be mixed may be combined. Inorganic fillers include fillers such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, boron oxide, and aluminum nitride. Resins change physical properties such as shrinking, hardening, and softening due to heat. Heat causes a difference in material properties, causing deformation, etc., and releasing mechanical energy such as a spring. These materials may be bonded together using an adhesive and then peeled off using heat to release mechanical energy such as a spring.

The fire extinguishing device of the present application may include a plurality of fire extinguishers of the present application. For example, there is a fire extinguishing system in which fire extinguishers are skewered on poles 5 and arranged vertically. Further, the fire extinguishing device may include a plurality of fire extinguishers connected with a string or the like and hanging therefrom. A plurality of fire extinguishers may be arranged in a plane. This has the effect of a firewall.

A combination of the above embodiments and modifications may also be used. For example, when temperature is detected other than electrically, such as when using a shape memory alloy, heat-shrinkable resin, or a material whose strength changes depending on temperature, the fire extinguishing system of the present application does not require the control unit 20 and the inflator 13 The fire extinguishing agent 12 may be scattered by burning the gas or releasing the gas cylinder 40.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative, and any embodiments may have substantially the same configuration as the technical idea stated in the claims of the present invention and provide similar effects. It is included within the technical scope of the present invention.

1, 2, 3: Fire extinguishing equipment 5, 5A: Pole (installation means)
10, 10A, 10B: Fire extinguisher (accommodation means)
11, 11A, 11B: Shell 12: Fire extinguisher 13: Inflator (scattering means)
20: Controller (scattering means)
30, 30A, 30B: Reflector (reflection means)
40: Gas cylinder (scattering means)

Claims (9)

a containment means for containing a fire extinguishing agent within the shell;
scattering means for scattering the extinguishing agent by bursting the shell;
installation means for installing the accommodation means at a predetermined height from the ground;
a reflecting means that reflects the scattered extinguishing agent and changes the scattering direction;
Equipped with
A fire extinguishing device, wherein the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent at a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the reflecting means is installed above the shell with respect to the ground so as to cover the shell. The fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the reflecting means has a conical shape with an apex facing the shell. The fire extinguishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent using the pressure of a gas cylinder. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 4 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the biasing means is released by a liquid, and the gas cylinder is opened by the biasing means to eject gas. The fire extinguishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the storage means stores plant seeds. The fire extinguishing device according to claim 6 ,
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the seeds of the plant are covered with a heat insulating agent. The fire extinguishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
A fire extinguishing device further comprising an alarm means for notifying an alarm before the scattering means scatters the extinguishing agent. a detection step for detecting temperature;
A fire extinguisher installed at a predetermined height from the ground and having a shell housing a fire extinguisher and a scattering means for bursting the shell and scattering the fire extinguisher, when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, a scattering step of activating a scattering means of the fire extinguisher;
a reflecting step of reflecting the scattered extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction;
A fire extinguishing method characterized by comprising:

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