WO2021114427A1

WO2021114427A1 - Microphone structure and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2021114427A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/129555
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张�浩
Original assignee: 潍坊歌尔微电子有限公司
Priority date: 2019-12-12
Filing date: 2019-12-28
Publication date: 2021-06-17
Also published as: CN211089887U

Abstract

The present invention relates to a microphone structure and an electronic device. The microphone structure comprises a sound sensing element which is provided with a first sound hole; a protective housing which forms a sealed protective cavity outside the first sound hole, and is provided with a second sound hole; and a water-proof film which is fixed in the protective cavity and divides the protective cavity into a first cavity body communicated with the first sound hole and a second cavity body communicated with the second sound hole. One technical effect of the present invention is that interior and the exterior of the sound sensing element are separated from each other by providing the water-proof film, so that internal elements of a microphone are prevented from being affected or damaged.

Description

Microphone structure and electronic equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of acousto-electric technology, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a microphone structure and electronic equipment.

Background technique

A microphone is a transducer that converts sound into an electronic signal. There are many precision components inside the microphone. The working environment of the microphone is complex and suitable for use in a variety of environments. When working in various environments, the microphone will be affected by various factors, which will reduce the performance of the microphone or damage the microphone.

In the working environment of the microphone, there may be influencing factors such as dust, liquid, strong airflow, static electricity, etc., which may affect the normal operation of the microphone. For example, dust or liquid entering through the sound hole of the microphone will affect the performance of the component and cause damage to the component.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided: a microphone structure including:

A sound sensing element, the sound sensing element is provided with a first sound hole;

A protective shell, the protective shell forms a sealed protective cavity outside the first sound hole, and the protective shell is provided with a second sound hole;

The waterproof membrane is fixed in the protective cavity, and the waterproof membrane divides the protective cavity into a first cavity communicating with the first sound hole, and a second cavity communicating with the second sound hole body.

Optionally, the sound sensing element includes:

roof;

A side wall, the side wall is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate;

A substrate, the substrate is fixed on the side wall opposite to the top plate;

The first sound hole is provided on the side wall.

Optionally, the area of the waterproof membrane is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole.

Optionally, the sound sensing element includes:

roof;

A side wall, the side wall is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate;

A substrate, the substrate is fixed on the side wall opposite to the top plate;

The first acoustic hole is provided on the substrate.

Optionally, a PCB board is further fixed between the protective shell and the substrate, and a third sound hole is provided on the PCB board, and the third sound hole communicates with the first sound hole and the first cavity.

Optionally, the protective shell includes:

A side wall of the protective shell, the side wall of the protective shell is fixed around the first sound hole, and the waterproof membrane is fixed to the side wall of the protective shell;

A protective shell baffle, the protective shell baffle is fixed with the side wall of the protective shell to form the protective cavity, and the second sound hole is arranged on the protective shell baffle.

Optionally, the plane on which the waterproof membrane is located is parallel to the radial direction of the first sound hole.

Optionally, the material of the waterproof membrane is ePTFE.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device including the above-mentioned microphone structure.

A technical effect of the present invention is to separate the inside of the sound sensing element from the outside by providing a waterproof membrane to prevent external factors such as external dust and liquid from affecting or damaging the internal elements of the microphone.

Through the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present invention will become clear.

Description of the drawings

The drawings constituting a part of the specification describe the embodiments of the present invention, and together with the specification are used to explain the principle of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective shell arranged on a side wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state of the waterproof membrane in the embodiment of Fig. 1 after being pressed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective shell disposed under a substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a state of the waterproof membrane in the embodiment of Fig. 3 after being pressed.

In the figure, 1 is the sound sensing element, 11 is the top plate, 12 is the side wall, 13 is the base plate, 14 is the first sound hole, 2 is the protective shell, 21 is the protective shell side wall, 22 is the protective shell baffle, 23 Is the second sound hole, 3 is the waterproof membrane, 4 is the PCB board, and 41 is the third sound hole.

Detailed ways

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, and in no way serves as any limitation to the present invention and its application or use.

The technology and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technology and equipment should be regarded as part of the specification.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent drawings.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present invention provides a microphone structure. As shown in FIG. 1, the microphone structure includes:

The sound sensing element 1 is provided with a first sound hole 14; the sound of the sound sensing element 1 is received and transmitted through the first sound hole 14.

A protective shell 2, the protective shell 2 forms a sealed protective cavity outside the first sound hole 14, and the protective shell 2 is provided with a second sound hole 23;

The waterproof membrane 3 is fixed in the protective cavity, and the waterproof membrane 3 divides the protective cavity into a first cavity communicating with the first sound hole 14 and a second sound hole 23 The connected second cavity.

In this embodiment, a protective shell 2 is provided outside the first sound hole 14 provided on the sound sensing element 1, and the protective shell 2 forms a sealed protective cavity for the first sound hole 14. For example, it is fixed by bonding or welding, so that the protective shell 2 is sealed to the first sound hole 14. A waterproof membrane 3 is arranged in the protective cavity, and the waterproof membrane 3 divides the protective cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity are not connected. The first cavity is in communication with the first sound hole 14, and the second cavity is in communication with the second sound hole 23. In this way, the first cavity is in communication with the inside of the sound sensing element 1, and the second cavity is in communication with the external space of the sound sensing element 1.

There are different factors outside the microphone that affect the performance of the microphone due to different environments. For example, factors such as dust, liquids, strong air currents, and static electricity in the external environment. The protective shell 2 arranged outside the first sound hole 14 separates the first sound hole 14 from the outside by the waterproof membrane 3 inside. It is avoided that factors that affect the performance of the microphone enter the sound sensing element 1 from the first sound hole 14. The sound sensing element 1 has the advantages of dustproof, liquidproof, strong airflow, antistatic, etc., and the reliability of the microphone product is improved. Prevent external factors that affect the microphone performance from entering the microphone structure, and avoid affecting or damaging the internal components of the microphone.

For example, after the protective shell 2 and the waterproof membrane 3 are provided, only the second sound hole 23 is connected to the outside, and foreign objects such as dust, liquid, and strong air currents outside the microphone can only enter the protective cavity through the second sound hole 23. After entering the protective cavity, the waterproof membrane 3 will block the entry of foreign objects from the first sound hole 14. The foreign matter cannot affect the components in the sound sensing element 1.

In addition, sound waves generated by external sounds enter the second cavity in the protective cavity through the second sound hole 23, the sound waves drive the waterproof membrane 3 to vibrate, and the vibration of the waterproof membrane 3 drives the air pressure change of the first cavity through the first sound hole. 14 The air pressure change is transmitted to the sensing part in the sound sensing element 1. This can effectively receive outside sounds.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof membrane 3 vibrates toward the side of the first cavity due to external pressure. At this time, the gas inside the sound sensing element 1 is compressed, and the air pressure changes. During the vibration process, the pressure change of the air pressure allows the sound sensing element 1 to receive the sound.

Optionally, the material of the waterproof membrane 3 is ePTFE. The waterproof membrane 3 made of ePTFE material has excellent waterproof and windproof functions. The use of this material can enhance the protective effect of the waterproof membrane 3 on the sound sensing element 1 and improve the reliability of the waterproof membrane 3.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the sound sensing element 1 includes: a top plate 11; a side wall 12, the side wall 12 is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate 11; a base plate 13, the base plate 13 It is fixed on the side wall 12 opposite to the top plate 11; the first sound hole 14 is provided on the side wall 12.

In this embodiment, the side wall 12 is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate 11, and the base plate 13 is fixed on the side wall 12 opposite to the top plate 11. The top plate 11, the side walls 12 and the base plate 13 form the external structure of the sound sensing element 1, and the inside of the combined structure is the sound cavity of the sound sensing element 1.

The first sound hole 14 is arranged on the side wall 12 so that the protective shell 2 seals the first sound hole 14 and the waterproof membrane 3 protects the sound cavity of the sound sensing element 1 on the side wall 12. This structure can increase protection and avoid increasing the thickness of the sound sensing element 1 itself. Avoid increasing the assembly thickness of the sound sensing element 1. Does not affect the thickness of the microphone structure itself.

Optionally, the area of the waterproof membrane 3 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole 14.

In this example, the area of the waterproof membrane 3 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole 14, so that the waterproof membrane 3 can effectively separate the first sound hole 14 from the outside. To protect the internal structure of the sound sensing element 1. When the area of the waterproof membrane 3 is large, it can block more foreign objects first. Secondly, when the waterproof membrane 3 is subjected to external pressure, the pressure per unit area will decrease. It helps the waterproof membrane 3 to restore the original state and increase the service life. In addition, the larger the area of the waterproof membrane 3, the smaller the sound loss during the sound transmission process, which has the effect of ensuring the sound quality effect.

For example, the waterproof membrane 3 can be as large as the area of the side wall 12 where it is located, and without affecting the thickness of the sound sensing element 1, the protection performance and the performance of ensuring the sound quality effect are maximized.

In an example, the side wall 12 is enclosed on the top plate 11 to form a square, arc or other shape. For example, the side wall 12 is enclosed on the top plate 11 to form a square structure, and the first sound hole 14 is provided on one surface of the square structure. The waterproof membrane 3 protects the first sound hole 14 on this surface. The area of the waterproof membrane 3 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole 14, and the area of the waterproof membrane 3 can be set to be the same as the surface at most, for example, the shape and area of the waterproof membrane 3 are the same as the surface. It does not affect the overall thickness of the sound sensing element 1.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound sensing element 1 includes: a top plate 11; a side wall 12, the side wall 12 is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate 11; a base plate 13, the base plate 13 is fixed on the side wall 12 opposite to the top plate 11; the first sound hole 14 is provided on the base plate 13.

The first sound hole 14 is provided on the substrate 13. In the structure of the sound sensing element 1, the area of the substrate 13 is larger, and arranging the first sound hole 14 on the substrate 13 can further set the area of the waterproof membrane 3 to be larger, which helps to improve the waterproof membrane 3 in Performance in the microphone structure.

For example, the area of the waterproof membrane 3 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole 14. In this way, the waterproof membrane 3 can effectively separate the first sound hole 14 from the outside. To protect the internal structure of the sound sensing element 1. Moreover, the area of the waterproof membrane 3 is relatively large, and when the waterproof membrane 3 receives external pressure, the pressure per unit area will decrease. It helps the waterproof membrane 3 to restore the original state and increase the service life. In addition, the larger the area of the waterproof membrane 3, the smaller the sound loss during the sound transmission process, which has the effect of ensuring the sound quality effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, the area of the waterproof membrane 3 can be further increased to further improve the performance of the microphone structure.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a PCB board 4 is also fixed between the protective shell 2 and the substrate 13, and the PCB board 4 is provided with a third sound hole 41. 41 communicates with the first sound hole 14 and the first cavity. The first cavity, the third sound hole 41, the first sound hole and the sound cavity of the sound sensing element 1 are connected.

In this embodiment, the PCB board 4 is arranged between the protective case 2 and the substrate 13. It can improve the reliability of the microphone structure.

For example, the area of the PCB board 4 structure can be set to be larger than the area of the substrate 13, which can further increase the area of the waterproof membrane 3.

For example, after the protective case 2 is provided, the usable area of the substrate 13 is reduced. The substrate 13 needs to be connected with wires or other components in the microphone. By setting the PCB board 4, an installation location is provided for the circuit or other components that need to be set.

In other examples, the PCB board 4 can also be replaced by other boards such as wood, metal, plastic, ceramic or the like. But it is not limited to the above-mentioned board types. This can also increase the area where the waterproof membrane 3 is provided, and fix other components externally connected to the substrate 13 on the board. For example, the component is fixed on a plate and connected to the substrate 13 through a circuit.

As shown in Fig. 4, it is the state when the waterproof membrane 3 vibrates to the side of the first cavity under the external pressure. The waterproof membrane 3 can improve the reliability of the microphone structure. The microphone structure has the functions of dust-proof, liquid-proof, anti-strong air flow, and anti-static.

In one embodiment, the protective shell 2 includes: a protective shell side wall 21, the protective shell side wall 21 is fixed around the first sound hole 14, and the waterproof membrane 3 is fixed to the protective shell side wall 21; A shell baffle 22, the protective shell baffle 22 is fixed to the protective shell side wall 21 to form the protective cavity, and the second sound hole 23 is provided on the protective shell baffle 22.

In this embodiment, the protective shell 2 includes a protective shell side wall 21 and a protective shell baffle 22, and the protective shell side wall 21 and the protective shell baffle 22 form a seal to the first sound hole 14 after being fixed. The waterproof membrane 3 is fixed on the side wall 21 of the protective shell to divide the protective cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The second sound hole 23 on the shield 22 of the protective shell communicates the second cavity with the outside, and the first sound hole 14 communicates the first cavity with the sound cavity inside the sound sensing element 1.

For example, the protective shell side wall 21 and the protective shell baffle 22 can be made separately and then fixed together, which facilitates the installation of the waterproof membrane 3.

First, fix the side wall 21 of the protective shell outside the first sound hole 14, then fix the waterproof membrane 3 on the side wall 21 of the protective shell, and finally fix the protective shell baffle 22. Or firstly fix the waterproof membrane 3 on the side wall 21 of the protective shell, then fix the protective shell baffle 22, and finally fix the side wall 21 of the protective shell outside the first sound hole 14.

For example, the protective shell side wall 21 and the protective shell baffle 22 are integrally formed. When the protective shell 3 is manufactured, the waterproof membrane 3 is fixed to the protective shell side wall 21, and the protective shell 2 is integrally fixed to the first sound hole. 14 outside. This reduces the number of workpieces and simplifies the installation process.

In an embodiment, the plane on which the waterproof membrane 3 is located is parallel to the radial direction of the first sound hole 14.

In this example, the reliability of the sound sensing element 1 in receiving external sounds can be improved. When the plane of the waterproof membrane 3 is parallel to the radial direction of the first sound hole 14, the sound entering from the second sound hole 23 drives the waterproof membrane 3 to vibrate, and the vibrating waterproof membrane 3 can accurately follow the direction of the first sound hole 14 Pass sound waves.

For example, the second sound hole 23 is coaxial with the first sound hole 14, and sound waves enter from the second sound hole 23 to drive the waterproof membrane 3 to vibrate. The waterproof membrane 3 transmits sound in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which it is located, and drives the gas fluctuations in this direction to accurately pass into the internal sound cavity of the sound sensing element 1 along the first sound hole 14, thereby realizing sound reception more effectively.

The electronic device with the above-mentioned microphone structure also has the protective performance of the above-mentioned microphone structure. For example, prevent dust, liquid, strong air current, static electricity and other factors from affecting the performance of sound sensing components in electronic devices.

For example, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a computer, or other devices.

Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

A microphone structure, characterized in that it includes:

A sound sensing element, the sound sensing element is provided with a first sound hole;

A protective shell, the protective shell forms a sealed protective cavity outside the first sound hole, and the protective shell is provided with a second sound hole;

The waterproof membrane is fixed in the protective cavity, and the waterproof membrane divides the protective cavity into a first cavity communicating with the first sound hole, and a second cavity communicating with the second sound hole body.
The microphone structure of claim 1, wherein the sound sensing element comprises:

roof;

A side wall, the side wall is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate;

A substrate, the substrate is fixed on the side wall opposite to the top plate;

The first sound hole is provided on the side wall.
The microphone structure according to claim 2, wherein the area of the waterproof membrane is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole.
The microphone structure of claim 1, wherein the sound sensing element comprises:

roof;

A side wall, the side wall is enclosed and fixed on the edge of the top plate;

A substrate, the substrate is fixed on the side wall opposite to the top plate;

The first acoustic hole is provided on the substrate.
The microphone structure of claim 4, wherein the area of the waterproof membrane is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first sound hole.
The microphone structure according to claim 4, wherein a PCB board is further fixed between the protective shell and the substrate, and a third sound hole is provided on the PCB board, and the third sound hole communicates with the first The sound hole and the first cavity.
The microphone structure according to claim 1, wherein the protective shell comprises:

A side wall of the protective shell, the side wall of the protective shell is fixed around the first sound hole, and the waterproof membrane is fixed to the side wall of the protective shell;

The protective shell baffle is fixed to the side wall of the protective shell to form the protective cavity, and the second sound hole is arranged on the protective shell baffle.
The microphone structure according to claim 1, wherein the plane on which the waterproof membrane is located is parallel to the radial direction of the first sound hole.
The microphone structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the waterproof membrane is ePTFE.
An electronic device, characterized by comprising the microphone structure according to any one of claims 1-9.