WO2021111037A1 - Coating, coated object and method for coating a surface of an object - Google Patents

Coating, coated object and method for coating a surface of an object Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021111037A1
WO2021111037A1 PCT/FI2020/050812 FI2020050812W WO2021111037A1 WO 2021111037 A1 WO2021111037 A1 WO 2021111037A1 FI 2020050812 W FI2020050812 W FI 2020050812W WO 2021111037 A1 WO2021111037 A1 WO 2021111037A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
coating
polymer layer
heating
polymer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2020/050812
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John HEMMING
Original Assignee
Pakula Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pakula Oy filed Critical Pakula Oy
Priority to FIU20224083U priority Critical patent/FI13319Y1/en
Publication of WO2021111037A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021111037A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/02—Polyureas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coating (100) that comprises a heating layer (101), and a first polymer layer (103) applied on a first side of the heating layer (101). The invention also relates to a method for coating a surface of an object (200), and a coated object (200).

Description

Coating, coated object and method for coating a surface of an object
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a coating and a method for coating a surface of an object according to the preambles of the appended independent claims. The in vention also relates to a coated object.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The freezing of surfaces of objects is a problem in many situations. For example, the surfaces of floors and pavements become slippery, which may result in serious slip and fall accidents.
A known solution to prevent a surface of a floor or a pavement from freezing is to embed heating elements in the floor or the pavement. A problem associated with this solution is that the heating elements are difficult and expensive to install. An other problem associated with this solution is that the heating elements cannot be retrofit to the existing floor or pavement.
OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION
It is the main objective of the present invention to reduce or even eliminate the prior art problems presented above.
It is an objective of the present invention to provide a coating that can be applied on a surface of an object. In more detail, it is an objective of the invention to pro vide a coating enabling to prevent a surface of an object from freezing. It is a fur ther objective of the invention to provide a coating that is durable and easy to ap ply. It is also an objective of the invention to provide a coating that can be retrofit to a surface of an existing object. It is an objective of the present invention to provide a method for coating a surface of an object. It is a further objective of the invention to provide a coating method that is easy and quick. It is also an objective of the invention to provide a coating method enabling to apply the coating on a surface of an existing object. It is an objective of the present invention to provide a coated object whose surface can be prevented from freezing. It is a further objective of the invention to provide a coated object whose surface is durable.
In order to realise the above-mentioned objectives, the coating and the method according to the invention are characterised by what is presented in the character ising portions of the appended independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A coating according to the invention comprises a heating layer and a first polymer layer applied on a first side of the heating layer.
The coating according to the invention is a multilayer coating that comprises at least two layers, namely at least the heating layer and the first polymer layer. If the coating comprises only two layers, the first polymer layer is the top layer and the heating layer is the bottom layer of the coating. A first side of the first polymer lay er is in contact with the first side of the heating layer. The first polymer layer is ap plied on the first side of the heating layer, for example, by spraying with a sprayer or manually with a roller or a brush. The first polymer layer can be adhered to the heating layer with various adhesion mechanisms, such as mechanical coupling, chemical bonding and/or thermodynamic adhesion.
The heating layer is used for heating purposes to prevent the surface of the coat ing from freezing. Preferably, the heating layer is an electric heating layer, which can be heated by supplying electric current to it. The electric heating layer may comprise, for example, one or more electric heating elements having wires ar ranged as a grid. When the electric current is supplied through the wires, the wires heat up. A power supply can be electrically connected with electric wires to the electric heating layer for supplying the electric current. The thickness of the heat ing layer is preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm. The thickness of the heating layer can be, for example, 0.1-1 mm.
The first polymer layer can cover the first side of the heating layer partly or wholly. The first polymer layer can extend over the edges of the heating layer so that its surface area is larger than the surface area of the heating layer.
The coating according to the invention can be applied on a surface of an object, such as a floor, a pavement, a roof, a bucket, a bed or a windmill blade. A second side of the heating layer is meant to be arranged towards the surface of the object. The second side of the heating layer can be arranged in contact with the object surface, or there can be one or more layers made of the same or different material than the first polymer layer between the heating layer and the object surface. The coating can be adhered to the surface of the object with the first polymer layer that extends over the edges of the heating layer and/or through one or more openings in the heating layer. The coating according to the invention can applied to objects made of different materials, such as metals, wood, glass or plastics.
An advantage of the coating according to the invention is that it can be applied on a surface of an object to prevent the surface from freezing. Another advantage of the coating according to the invention is that is durable and easy to apply. Still an other advantage of the coating according to the invention is that it can be retrofit to a surface of an existing object.
According to an embodiment of the invention the coating comprises a second pol ymer layer applied to the first polymer layer, the first and second polymer layers having different visual appearances. A first side of the second polymer layer is in contact with a second side of the first polymer layer. The second polymer layer is applied on the second side of the first polymer layer, for example, by spraying with a sprayer or manually with a roller or a brush. The second polymer layer can be adhered to the first polymer layer with various adhesion mechanisms, such as me chanical coupling, chemical bonding and/or thermodynamic adhesion. The second polymer layer can cover the second side of the first polymer layer partly or wholly. The second polymer layer may extend over the edges of the first polymer layer so that its surface area is larger than the surface area of the first polymer layer. Pref erably, the second polymer layer is the top layer of the coating, which means that there is not a further layer applied to the second polymer layer.
The first and second polymer layers have different visual appearances. This means that the first and second polymer layers look different. The distinctive fea ture can be, for example, a colour of the polymer layer or a pattern formed in the polymer layer, for example on its surface.
An advantage of the first and second polymer layers having different visual ap pearances is that the wear of the second polymer layer can be easily detected. When the second polymer layer wears out, the first polymer layer is exposed and thus the wear of the second polymer layer can be easily detected. According to an embodiment of the invention the visual appearance is the colour of the polymer layer. The colour of the first polymer layer is preferably such that it draws attention. The colour of the first polymer layer can be, for example, red or yellow. Since the second polymer layer is preferably the top layer of the coating, the colour of the second polymer layer is typically chosen to suit the surroundings. The colour of the second polymer layer can be, for example, grey or black.
According to an embodiment of the invention the coating comprises a third poly mer layer applied on a second side of the heating layer. A first side of the third polymer layer is in contact with the second side of the heating layer. The third pol ymer layer is applied on the second side of the heating layer, for example, by spraying with a sprayer or manually with a roller or a brush. Preferably, the third layer is applied on a surface of an object and after that the heating layer is ar ranged on the third polymer layer. The third polymer layer can be adhered to the heating layer with various adhesion mechanisms, such as mechanical coupling, chemical bonding and/or thermodynamic adhesion. The third polymer layer can cover the second side of the heating layer partly or wholly. The third polymer layer may extend over the edges of the heating layer so that its surface area is larger than the surface area of the heating layer.
An advantage of the third polymer layer is that it functions as a heat insulator be tween the heating layer and a surface of an object to which the coating is applied. In other words, the third polymer layer prevents heat produced by the heating layer from conducting to the object. The thicker the third polymer layer, the better it pre vents the heat from conducting to the object. Another advantage of the third poly mer layer is that it improves the adhesion of the coating to a surface of an object.
According to an embodiment of the invention the thickness of each polymer layer is less than 10 mm. The thickness of each polymer layer can be less than 8 mm or less than 6 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the first polymer layer is 0.5-6 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the second polymer layer is 0.5-6 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the third polymer layer is 0.5-6 mm.
According to an embodiment of the invention each polymer layer is made of poly urea or polyurea-hybrid. By polyurea-hybrid is meant a compound that contains polyurea and one or more additives and/or fillers, such as inorganic and/or organic additives or fillers, or synthetic and/or natural polymeric substances. An advantage of these materials is that they are durable and elastic. Another advantage of these materials is that they are easy to apply, and they can be applied by spraying. Still another advantage of these materials is that they provide a waterproof layer with a short curing time.
According to an embodiment of the invention the heating layer comprises a plurali ty of openings passing through the heating layer, wherein the first polymer layer extends into the plurality of openings. The first polymer layer can be adhered to a surface of an object or to the third polymer layer through the openings in the heat ing layer. If the coating comprises the third polymer layer, then the first polymer layer and the third polymer layer are in contact with each other through the open ings. The openings can have different shapes and sizes. The openings can be, for example, circular or rectangular. The surface area of the openings in the heating layer can be, for example, 1-20 % or 5-10 % of the surface area of the heating layer.
According to an embodiment of the invention the heating layer comprises at least one electric heating element. The electric heating element can be heated by sup plying electric current to it. A power supply can be electrically connected with elec tric wires to the electric heating element for supplying the electric current. The electric heating element may comprise wires, which can be arranged as a grid. When the electric current is supplied through the wires, the wires heat up.
The heating layer may comprise a plurality of electric heating elements, which are electrically connected in series. The electric heating elements can be arranged side by side in a plurality of rows. The electric heating elements can be arranged in contact with each other at their edges. Alternatively, the electric heating ele ments can be arranged at a distance from each other, wherein openings are formed in the heating layer. The distance between the electric heating elements can be, for example, less than 100 mm. The length of the electric heating element can be, for example, 100-300 cm, and the width of the electric heating element can be, for example, 10-30 cm. The thickness of the electric heating element is preferably less than 3 mm, and more preferably less than 2 mm. The thickness of the heating layer can be, for example, 0.1-1 mm.
The present invention also relates to a coated object. In the coated object accord ing to the invention, a surface of the object is coated with a coating according to the invention. The coating is durable, and it enables to prevent the surface of the object from freezing. The object can be coated in such a manner that first the heat ing layer is arranged on the surface of the object or on a primer layer that is ap plied on the surface of the object, and then a first polymer layer is applied over the heating layer. An optional second polymer layer can be applied over the first poly mer layer. An optional third polymer layer can be applied on the surface of the ob ject or on the primer layer before the arrangement of the heating layer.
According to an embodiment of the invention the coated object comprises a primer layer between the object and the coating. The primer layer is used to increase the adhesion to the surface of the object. The primer layer can be applied to the sur face of the object, for example, by spraying with a sprayer. The primer used in the primer layer is chosen according to the material of the object.
According to an embodiment of the invention the object is a floor, a pavement, a roof, a bucket, a bed or a windmill blade.
The present invention also relates to a method for coating a surface of an object. The method according to the invention comprises arranging a heating layer on the surface of the object and applying a first polymer layer to the heating layer. Prefer ably, the first polymer layer extends over the edges of the heating layer and is ad hered to the surface of the object. The heating layer may comprise a plurality of openings through which the first polymer layer is adhered to the surface of the ob ject. An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the coating is easy and quick to apply, and the coating prevents the surface of the object from freezing.
According to an embodiment of the invention the method comprises applying a second polymer layer to the first polymer layer, the first and second polymer layers having different visual appearances. Preferably, the second polymer layer extends over the edges of the first polymer layer and is adhered to the surface of the ob ject.
According to an embodiment of the invention the surface of the object is precoated with a primer layer and/or a third polymer layer before the heating layer is ar ranged on the surface of the object.
According to an embodiment of the invention each polymer layer is applied by spraying and/or manually. The polymer layer can be applied, for example, with a sprayer or with a roller or a brush.
The exemplary embodiments of the invention presented in this text are not inter preted to pose limitations to the applicability of the appended claims. The verb “to comprise” is used in this text as an open limitation that does not exclude the exist- ence of also unrecited features. The features recited in the dependent claims are mutually freely combinable unless otherwise explicitly stated.
The exemplary embodiments presented in this text and their advantages relate by applicable parts to the coating, the coated object as well as the method according to the invention, even though this is not always separately mentioned.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional view of a coating according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 illustrates a sectional view of a coated floor according to an embodi ment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The same reference signs are used of the same or like components in different embodiments.
Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional view of a coating according to an embodiment of the invention. The coating 100 comprises a heating layer 101 and three polymer lay ers 102, 103 and 104. The polymer layer 102 is the top layer and the polymer lay er 104 is the bottom layer of the coating 100. The heating layer 101 is between the polymer layers 103 and 104. The polymer layers 102 and 103 are made of poly mers having a different colour. Because of this the wear of the polymer layer 102 can be easily detected.
The heating layer 101 is used for heating the coating 100 so that the freezing of the surface of the coating 100 can be prevented. The heating layer 101 comprises electric heating elements 105, which are arranged side by side and at a distance from each other. The electric heating elements 105 can be heated by supplying electric current to them from a power supply (not shown in fig. 1). The heating lay er 101 comprises openings 106 between the electric heating elements 105. The polymer layer 103 is adhered to the polymer layer 104 through the openings 106.
Fig. 2 illustrates a sectional view of a coated floor according to an embodiment of the invention. The floor 200 is coated with the coating 100 of fig. 1. Before the coating 100 is applied to the floor 200, the surface of the floor 200 is precoated with a primer layer 201. The primer layer 201 is used to increase the adhesion. The coating 100 is applied to the floor 200 layer by layer. First, the polymer layer 104 is applied over the primer layer 201, and then the electric heating elements
105 forming the heating layer 101 are arranged on the polymer layer 104. After that, the polymer layer 103 is applied over the electric heating elements 105, and finally the polymer layer 102 is applied over the polymer layer 103. Only advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in the figures. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted only to the examples presented above, but the invention may vary within the limits of the claims presented hereafter. Some possible embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims, and they are not to be considered to re- strict the scope of protection of the invention as such.

Claims

Claims
1. A coating, comprising:
- a heating layer, characterised in that the coating comprises a first polymer layer applied on a first side of the heating layer.
2. The coating according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating comprises a second polymer layer applied to the first polymer layer, the first and second poly mer layers having different visual appearances.
3. The coating according to claim 2, characterised in that the visual appearance is the colour of the polymer layer.
4. The coating according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating comprises a third polymer layer applied on a second side of the heating layer.
5. The coating according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the thickness of each polymer layer is less than 10 mm.
6. The coating according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that each polymer layer is made of polyurea or polyurea-hybrid.
7. The coating according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating layer comprises a plurality of openings passing through the heating layer, wherein the first polymer layer extends into the plurality of openings.
8. The coating according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heating layer comprises at least one electric heating element.
9. A coated object, characterised in that a surface of the object is coated with a coating according to any of the preceding claims.
10. The coated object according to claim 9, characterised in that the coated ob ject comprises a primer layer between the object and the coating.
11. The coated object according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the object is a floor, a pavement, a roof, a bucket, a bed or a windmill blade.
12. A method for coating a surface of an object, comprising:
- arranging a heating layer on the surface of the object, characterised in that the method comprises applying a first polymer layer to the heating layer.
13. The method according to claim 12, characterised in that the method compris es applying a second polymer layer to the first polymer layer, the first and second polymer layers having different visual appearances.
14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the surface of the object is precoated with a primer layer and/or a third polymer layer before the heating layer is arranged on the surface of the object.
15. The method according to any of claims 12 to 14, characterised in that each polymer layer is applied by spraying and/or manually.
PCT/FI2020/050812 2019-12-05 2020-12-03 Coating, coated object and method for coating a surface of an object WO2021111037A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FIU20224083U FI13319Y1 (en) 2019-12-05 2020-12-03 Coating and coated object

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20196061 2019-12-05
FI20196061 2019-12-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021111037A1 true WO2021111037A1 (en) 2021-06-10

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WO (1) WO2021111037A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3878362A (en) * 1974-02-15 1975-04-15 Du Pont Electric heater having laminated structure
US4141187A (en) * 1977-01-28 1979-02-27 Graves Robert J Roofing and surfacing material and method
EP0490838A1 (en) * 1990-12-11 1992-06-17 Dayco PTI S.p.A. Method and apparatus to check the acceptability of the state of wear in the covering fabric of a driving belt
WO2008085550A2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-07-17 Battelle Memorial Institute Electrically conductive coating composition
US20120222766A1 (en) * 2011-03-03 2012-09-06 Gus Alexander Flexible hose with wear indicator
US20150264747A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2015-09-17 Thermoceramix, Inc. Radiant heating using heater coatings

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3878362A (en) * 1974-02-15 1975-04-15 Du Pont Electric heater having laminated structure
US4141187A (en) * 1977-01-28 1979-02-27 Graves Robert J Roofing and surfacing material and method
EP0490838A1 (en) * 1990-12-11 1992-06-17 Dayco PTI S.p.A. Method and apparatus to check the acceptability of the state of wear in the covering fabric of a driving belt
WO2008085550A2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-07-17 Battelle Memorial Institute Electrically conductive coating composition
US20150264747A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2015-09-17 Thermoceramix, Inc. Radiant heating using heater coatings
US20120222766A1 (en) * 2011-03-03 2012-09-06 Gus Alexander Flexible hose with wear indicator

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Publication number Publication date
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