WO2021111029A1

WO2021111029A1 - Electrical corrector that can be used in refrigeration and heating appliances

Info

Publication number: WO2021111029A1
Application number: PCT/ES2020/070764
Authority: WO
Inventors: Juan Carlos GARCIA CAMACHO
Original assignee: Garcia Camacho Juan Carlos
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2020-12-02
Publication date: 2021-06-10
Also published as: ES2756973A1; ES2756973B2

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical corrector that can be used in refrigeration and heating appliances, which is used in a refrigeration or heating appliance by means of a heat pump (1), using a wire (2) with turns that promote the passage of current, which a plate (3) with an intercalated embedded hole, like an earthing connection plate, bifurcates into two branches that go towards corrector rods (4), which are joined together by wires (2) with turns that promote the passage of current. At the end of each of the final corrector rods (4), a wire (2) with turns that promote the passage of current connects same to respective accumulators (5).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Electrical corrector applicable to cooling and heating appliances.

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention refers to refrigeration devices such as cold rooms or air conditioners, which work by changing the state of a cooling liquid, and which can also function as "heat pumps" by reversing the direction of air outlet in contact with compressed fluid that expands and cools as it expands.

The object of the invention is to ensure that there is no perceptible adhesion of the water contained in the humid air that passes through the compressor and vaporizer coils to the contact surfaces, including the food in the passenger compartment that it cools, and consequently not drying out the environment of this cabin or precipitating water that has to be evacuated, all this with a remarkable saving of energy in the process and a certain reduction in the sound emitted by the machines that perform the function, obtaining an unbeatable preservation of food by means of a "cold dry ”, an improvement for the vital functions of the people who occupy the cabin that is cooled such as obtaining oxygen from the air, even an improvement for the environment by not withdrawing water from the atmosphere, thus not the title of the humid air of this increases and in this way the atmospheric precipitation is favored.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is a fact that the electrons in an alternating current established in a circuit travel more or less in groups, which is deduced from the fact that the distance to be traveled by the electrons in the wire of this circuit is different for them, so it must have accumulation; which is weighed over by the circumstance that in ordinary urban circuits the distance to travel between points of discontinuity is very small so that at the speed that electrons travel for a current of approximately 230 V normally produces a remarkable phase shift for these electrons between these points at a frequency of 50 Hz. ... But it also happens that inductions are produced in the circuit out of phase with respect to the established current, which, if they are large, such as the self-inductions of the windings of household electrical appliances produce the generation of non-negligible groups of electrons that travel through the circuit separated from the group that forms the main current, which we will call “secondary currents” and the electrons that make it up “secondary electrons. ”. These “secondary electrons”, when traveling in relevant groups, exert a certain pressure on the positive ion that surrounds the conductor, due to the electrostatic repulsion inside these groups, and they pass with some ease the discontinuities that appear in it towards new conductors. Furthermore, when they are moved by an emf of a certain size, they do not remain in a relevant way at the inflection points of the conductor through which they are traveling. On the other hand, if the inductions are of little relevance, such as that produced by the humidity of the environment in the conductor, the groups with which they travel are miniscule, and they do not easily pass through the discontinuities that occur in the positive ion that surrounds the conductor. towards new conductors, since the pressure transverse to the direction of the current is small, and they are tactile entering and leaving the inflection points of the conductor through which they travel, so when they are not settled in these we can say that they form a a kind of "pangea" in the conductor whose relationship with the sense and speed of the "main current" is very distant. We will call these last electrons, which when settled at the inflection points, polarize the conductor, "polarization electrons", and their generation is not only due to inductions of little relevance, but also to other reasons such as the change of state of a substance, faced with the sudden change in linear momentum suffered by its molecules that causes electrons to inertially escape from them, or thermionic emission.

Well, the presence of secondary electrons subtracts average power from the established current with respect to what would result if the main and secondary currents had the same phase, since it is a current out of phase with respect to the main current that has a component contrary to movement established by the latter, or, if you want with more technical terms, between the emf that moves the main current and the intensity finally specified in the circuit, and since the electrons for the secondary currents come from the same circuit, it has been generated a phase shift that decreases the “power factor” (eos. o). Therefore "correcting" the current, that is, By taking secondary electrons to form part of the main current, the average power of the established current would increase, which in the end is equivalent to an increase in the emf applied to the circuit, which is what the multimeter shows us when measuring a current that has been subject to correction. For their part, the polarization electrons, when they are effectively settled in the polarization places (generally the inflection points of the circuit, since they are small "points" in it, which is where electrons are electrostatically concentrated in a conductive material ), generally oppose the passage of current, since the electrons of the current "collide" with them and leave part of their momentum in the positive ion through them. The latter is converted into resistance in direct current and in alternating current they “smooth it out”, since the path traveled by the electrons affected by this shock becomes, in each half cycle, less than that of the main current, although they do not form groups, which is translated, in addition to a little lower power by what has already been explained for the secondary electrons, especially in anomalies in the operation of the devices, prepared to work with a correct sinusoidal cycle, as is the case of those that they replicate electromagnetic waves for broadcast audio (the case, eg, of television picture anomalies). Therefore, having a polarization level in the circuit as low as possible is the most indicated.

Furthermore, it must be said that the almost exclusive source for the determination of secondary currents are the polarization electrons not settled in the respective polarization places (the “pangea”), since the electrostatic interaction of the groups that form the current pushes them towards the positive ion, where attractive forces are established with it, so that it is as if it were a compact group "attached", although mobile, to the positive ion, which does not happen with the electrons of the " pangea ”, so that when there is an induction in the circuit of a certain relevance, the electrons to form the corresponding groups, which travel as secondary currents, take them away from it. Therefore, by correcting the current, new unsettled polarization electrons are detracted by the inductions, which means that due to lack of ionic tension, those that are settled leave the settlements, which become secondary electrons, and these, corrected , electrons from the main current. All this without taking into consideration that, to correct secondary electrons, conductors with pointed ends are used that, if they do not release properly, become a source of "polarization efficiency", that is, in settlement of electrons from the "pangea" in the places of polarization, due to electrostatic repulsion, so that if the excess electrons from the correction that could not be subject to it are not appropriately withdrawn, the latter occurs even with an increase in polarization.

It must be said that there is a way to correct the current and transform secondary electrons into components of the main current: it is about rods of a material less conductive than the one that carries the current, adhered with strong pressure as an appendix to the transversal of the conductor, and its operation is as follows: When the current passes through the place where the rod is, the transverse pressure of the groups that make it up and the strong union of the rods to the conductor causes part of at least part of these groups to cross the discontinuity. This occurs predominantly with those groups whose force that pushes them in the direction of the current is less, that is, whose emf to establish them is less, that is, with secondary currents. As the material of the rod, which is conductive (and therefore electrons pass in a relevant way) but less than that used to carry current, it has a lower conductivity than the copper used generically to carry current, for the same unit of surface and the same unit of time for current conductor and rod, this indicates that fewer electrons fit on the surface of the rod than on that of the current conductor, so that before the current cycle is completed They are already "pushing" to get out of the rod, and the cycle for filling and emptying the rod is different from that of the (main) current. In this place we have to say that aluminum, which has a conductivity approximately half that of copper, appears as ideal, since it holds, per unit area and time, approximately half of the (conduction) electrons than in copper, so if the ratio between secondary and main current electrons does not exceed that of the conductivity ratio, weighted by the fact that they tend to leave the rod at the moments of the current cycle that are less likely to enter it, the electrons charged in the rod as an accumulator leave at least partially the conductor with the main current, so secondary electrons have been transformed into electrons of the main current. At this time we must say that a relationship close to 50% between secondary electrons and the main current is not far from the average: as an appendix we can say that in concrete experiences with a multipurpose electrical corrector that can be improved in terms of dimensions and quality of construction, the performance approaches (may even have exceeded) 15%, but experiences carried out with the favorable sense to the passage of current in the entire conductor of the succession of rods that make up the polyvalent and in the cable that connects the last of these to the accumulator, both in the conductor itself and in the insulation that surrounds it, and with the use of an accumulator (in addition to other efficiency improvement criteria), which has notably improved the performance observed in the experiments with the polyvalent, leads us to conclude that the initial ratio of secondary electrons / electrons of the main current is not far from 50%. ... In the case that the material of the rod is the same as that of the current, v. gr. copper, there is no correction, since the filling / emptying cadence is the same in the rod as in the conductor, and the electrons that enter the phase of the cycle in which the group that forms the main current is not found, return to go out to the conductor of the current in that same phase of the cycle, without thereby becoming part of the main current.

Regarding the composition and shape of the rods, we have said that they are a cylindrical composition of thin sheets of aluminum foil or of also fine aluminum wires, in both cases with the intention of increasing the surface of the material and thus the capacity to accommodate electrons. of circulation, since it is known that these are concentrated on the surface of the conductor, and in the case of using aluminum foil, the dust that could be brought on one of its faces must be removed as far as possible, always to put this face on the outside of the rod, since this, the dust, is a source of small induction and therefore of polarization. The reason that they are cylindrical is that the return of the electrons produces less accumulation in the vicinity of the contact with the current wire than if they were wide, and the roundness of the shape produces uniformity in the process and, therefore, absence in this sense of internal polarizations. They are terminated in an insulator-free tip (they have insulation throughout their entire travel, to increase capacity and above all to protect them from the polarizations created by the irregular arrangement of electrons in the environment), so that charges that accumulate are released. by incomplete correction and avoid, as far as possible, the polarizations inside the rod which, like these (the polarizations), are transmitted, since every polarized point is also a source of polarization efficiency in a symmetric and opposite point of the circuit by electrostatic repulsion, ... communicate to the rest of the circuit. They can, however, be joined by a cable without a free end to another rod that does have one, and show a yes / no free end composition on the rods, if required, v. gr., the air currents for the aforementioned free ends in the enclosure in which they are located. .... But it is possible, and tactfully so it happens, that the free ends are not enough for the release of excess electrons and polarization occurs with the continued activity of the rods. In this case, and always tactful for the efficiency in the operation of the correctors, we have to insert an "accumulator" attached to the end of the last rod by means of a cable.

These "accumulators" are preferably pear-shaped masses with a non-smooth surface, of a non-conductive material and also with a high polarizability per unit area / volume, as is the case of some rubbers and in any case of the clay. The arrival of the charges inside the accumulator must be approximately at its center of masses, for the uniformity in the communication of these in its interior and in its release, and thus avoid internal polarizations due to differences in release, the latter reason Whereby the accumulators must remain upright on the surface where they are located and, unless a greater power is sought from these without attending to their incidents, placing them directly on the ground, isolated from that surface on which they rest by means of insulation. The operation of the accumulators is as follows: The high polarizability per unit area / volume causes charges to adhere to their molecules upon arrival, but there is also a polarization of these molecules along any straight line that is drawn. inside the accumulator. Thermal agitation can cause these charges to become detached and some to join the molecule that radially with respect to its arrival is behind the one to which it joined when arriving, and with the latter the same can happen, and so on, from so that the charges that arrive inside the accumulators go from the latter to the surface thereof, and in fact an accumulator in operation is heated by the Joule effect. Once on the surface of the accumulator, it polarizes the environment, since the material of the accumulator is a "non-conductive", and as such does not oppose a field contrary to that of the outside, a fact by which the conductors are not ideal for liberation, except in the case that the centrifugal force carried by the direction of the turns in the conductor, which will be discussed later, helps in this regard. The polarization of the environment of the accumulator helps the discharge of the charges from it. The cable entry into the accumulator must be vertical, for the same reason of uniformity in the distribution and avoidance of internal polarizations in the accumulator. Also avoid, both in the vicinity of the accumulators and in their interior and in the vicinity of the free ends, the metallic surfaces exposed of insulator, since the charges of these create a field opposite to the one that moves the charges in their release, causing a release difference in the device for this purpose and, consequently, polarization in it.

We have talked about the cables that connect the rods and the rods with the accumulator. Indeed: the entry to the rods can be done by cable, even from the main current. But at this point we have to say that for the efficiency in the operation of the correction and depolarizing devices to multiply, the cable must be entangled with a sense of the turns that is the only one that pushes the charges that circulate through it towards the surface of the conductor, by the Lorentz forces exerted between opposing parts of the conductor wire in the entanglement, as shown in the drawing below. This entanglement is the result of a positive or anti-clockwise direction of rotation of the loads in the turns that they describe when viewed from the place where the movement of these is going. Both the entanglement in the opposite direction to that indicated and the lack of entanglement produce attraction between the loads, and therefore flight from the places of the conductor with more collateral surface to the direction of movement of the loads. This repulsion of the charges that circulate in the turns favorable to the indicated current flow causes them to go towards the outside of the entanglement, where the collateral surface differential to the direction of movement of the charges is greater. As the charges in a conductor circulate on its surface, in this case we find that the electrons found in the conductor are more apt to transmit current. This is essential in the case of transmission of polarization electrons, as is the case for the release of excess charges from the correction, since the potential difference that moves them is negligible, as shown by the multimeter, of the order of a few millivolts at most. in a device that works correctly, and consequently of an aptitude for the transmission of the current of between 1 to 10 (v. gr.) in the electrons of the conductor that carries them, they need an aptitude of "8" or "9", which is only found in a remarkable way in cables with a direction of turns favorable to the passage of current. All this has been amply verified in the experiences carried out. ... But not only the direction of the turns must occur in the conductor, especially if it partially serves at least polarization electrons: a higher performance is also obtained with this same sense of entanglement in the insulation that surrounds the cables ( they are lined with insulation to avoid leaks and incidents of the external environment that generates polarizations), since being the notion of analog conductor and without a precise limit also in the insulator the charges circulate, at a speed much lower than that of the conductor but with the same cycle, as it is in direct contact with the driver. This fact pushes the insulator charges towards the outside, moving them away from the conductor, so that, before the Less ionic repulsion, the charges on the conductor go more to the surface of the conductor, and also tends to cancel the interaction of the external environment as these charges of the insulator approach it. All of this has also been empirically verified. This last reason is the basis for the highest efficiency to be found (as has also been proven) in the use of a high density of insulation that surrounds both the rods and the cables. Regarding the optimal length of the cables, for its part, we must say that it must determine that the surface ratio between the cable and the rods is not less than that determined by the aluminum / copper conductivity ratio. In a normal composition, the cables must be somewhat longer than the rods (never of the same length or less), but here we find another circumstance: as the direction of the turns determines an aptitude for the evacuation of polarization electrons, in general, the more cable, the more electrons with aptitude for it, so that the cable that goes to the accumulator and the cable that enters the circuit to the first rod must be significantly longer, which has also been verified in independent accumulators whose sole purpose is depolarization without binding to the rods. The same does not happen with the cable between rods, since this can determine an excessive loss of ionic tension necessary for the jump of discontinuities. On the other hand, to say that in the event that we need to join cables, it will be done by simple juxtaposition of these strongly adhered by the pressure of the insulation that surrounds them (also the latter with a direction of the turns favorable to the passage of current, to always be used), not entangling them one on the other, since the latter creates inductions of low magnitude and therefore electrons of polarization and effective polarization when ending the cables in tip. Furthermore, it should be noted that the cable entry to the rods must be through the inside of the rods, and the exit from the outside of the rods, as this makes better use of the centrifugal force created by the direction of the turns mentioned in the distribution. uniform loads on the rod.

Another very important criterion, practically a sine qua non condition, for the efficiency in the operation of the correction and depolarizing devices is the symmetry in the depolarization: Every polarized point, by electrostatic repulsion, is a source of effectiveness in the polarization in a symmetrical and opposite to it, as has already been said, that is, it makes the polarization electrons fixate on it: As with continuous operation it is impossible for every individually considered depolarizing device not to saturate and also end up polarizing, we have to place it in a symmetrical place and opposite another depolarizing device, so that when the electrons reach it they are also evacuated and not polarized the first, and thus there is an equivalence that the excess electrons are sent from one to another until they are evacuated. This is achieved, as in the composition object of the invention, by placing rods and accumulators in pairs, or, as in the case of the polyvalent, in a symmetrical place opposite to that of the accumulator, one or more "mobile depolarisers", which do not they are more than a few copper wires tangled with turns favorable to the passage of current, with approximately a third of their length not entangled, in the open air, as tips. In the event that depolarization must be on certain surfaces, such as a television screen, it will be done, by depolarizing devices, "at the four corners", closing the interior of the surface to be depolarized by depolarizing devices or those parts. of the surface where its effects are noticeable.

Other criteria for efficiency to be taken into consideration are the strong contact pressure always, to favor the jump of discontinuities, and the avoidance of inflection points as far as possible, for which purposes the sheets of the rods in the case of that are used must be previously landscape in case they were not enough, to avoid points of location of polarizations.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The device in question consists of the placement of two groups of rods chained by cable with their respective accumulator, as described in the previous section, joined together by a plate such as those for grounding the plugs, which have a crimped hole to avoid the polarization of the link in alternating current, for which purposes the same grounding plug plate is valid, and this connected by a single cable, also with turns favorable to the passage of current, to the existing appendage in the compressor of the appliance. refrigeration for the release, if it had it and both the appendix and the compressor were metallic, and if not, an appendix to the effect in contact as immediately as possible with it and in any case (both in the compressor and in the appendix independent) through which current flows. Both the free ends and the accumulators must be well ventilated for correct release.

The operation is as follows: The change of state produces a large amount of free electrons, as can be seen in the freezer of a refrigerator, where if we are not careful the fingers that we place on top are stuck by electrostatic attraction, or in active clouds where the change of state is taking place, ... hence the Ray. These electrons are ultimately polarization electrons, which both in the compressor and in the immediate vicinity, as well as in the vaporizers of the room to be cooled (or heated) causes the ionization of the humid air that passes in contact with them, and among other things , in this way, the cumulative adhesion of the water molecules contained in this humid air to the surfaces in contact with it. At this point we have to say that although the water liquefaction in refrigeration appliances is due to thermodynamic reasons (reaching the dew point temperature at the partial pressure of the water found in humid air with its relative humidity in question), this only causes the adhesion of a few molecular layers imperceptible to the naked eye unless these molecules are ionized: The dipole moment of water, the largest if not the most existing, is specified in a structure in which the positive charges of the dipole (two) form an angle of 106 ^{e to} each other, so that the cumulative adhesion of these dipoles to the contact surface as in a house of cards, as if a crystalline structure is treated, with the corresponding thermal agitation, is unfeasible. However, if one of the negative dipoles is neutralized with an electron, the dipole structure takes axial symmetry, and its orientation for cumulative adhesion to a contact surface is much more likely, reaching the precipitation point with this accumulation, so The refrigeration devices generate the perceptible water liquefaction, which has to be evacuated or returned to the atmosphere in the sprayed outdoor devices. But they also generate the adhesion of the water molecules in the room to be cooled to the contact surfaces, so that on the one hand the air in the room dries up and on the other hand there is an accumulation of this water to the contact surfaces of the same, including food in a cold room. The presence of excess ionized air in the room to be cooled or heated is also very harmful to human beings, especially the elderly: thus, v. gr., when dissolving the air mixture to extract the oxygen in our lungs, a certain percentage of oxygen radicals can be formed, that if the air is ionized, apart from these radicals an ion present in the air adheres to them and already they do not bind with other oxygen radicals to form an oxygen molecule, so they are chemically inoperative. This is increased with a polarized environment, as is the case of the elderly, as it directs the formed radicals towards the walls of the cabin and prevents them from orienting themselves with respect to each other. the others to form the oxygen molecule, until an ion from the air ends up joining that radical. It is the feeling we have that "we lack air" in environments charged by thermal manipulation of it. Furthermore: the ionized air jet, if it has a permanent direction and is sufficiently apparent, ends up polarizing our body, the fault of many ills in it and the reduction of the chemical reactions necessary due to the orientation towards the walls of the aforementioned cabin.

The present device, being in contact with the current of the refrigeration device, and with sufficient proximity to the generation of polarization electrons in it, corrects the secondary electrons of the latter, thereby gaining power, or in the case of if a certain one is needed to reach the established dimension, it reduces consumption, as indicated in the previous section. ... And since the formation of secondary electrons is almost exclusively from polarization electrons, by evacuating the first we consume the second, so the result is that there is a remarkable energy saving while eliminating liquefaction of perceptible water, the food is kept in a perfect state of conservation with that generated “dry cold”, at the same time that the harmful effects on human beings of the thermal handling devices are practically eliminated through the change of state (also in this last case if the polarization electrons are not due to the change of state). ... All this with the way it works that is deduced from the previous section.

Finally, given that the presence of secondary electrons and to a lesser extent polarization electrons generates vibration in machines and household appliances, reducing them with this device reduces the noise produced by the cooling / heating device (such as "Heat pump") to which it is applied.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a single drawing is attached as an integral part of said description where with character illustrative non-limiting, it has been represented the following:

The figure shown in the drawing corresponds to a schematic representation of the practical application of the invention, forming an electrical corrector applicable to refrigeration and heating appliances.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

As can be seen in the referred figure, the electrical corrector applicable to cooling and heating appliances is applied to a cooling or heating appliance by means of a "heat pump" (1), through a cable with turns favorable to the passage of current ( 2), that an insert with an interleaved crimped hole such as the ground connection (3) bifurcates into two branches that go to the correcting rods (4), joined together by cables with turns favorable to the passage of current (2). At the end of each of the last correcting rods (4), a cable with turns favorable to the passage of current (2) connects them to two accumulators (5).

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S

1 .- Corrector electric applicable to refrigeration and heating by "heat pump" that does not ionize the air passing through the compressor and attached areas, or through the coils of the evaporator of the enclosure to be cooled, and therefore it does not generate liquefaction of water that has to be evacuated or returned to the pulverized atmosphere.

2 ^a . Electric -Corrector applicable to refrigeration and heating by "heat pump" which cause forth in claim 1 ^to not dry the air enclosure to cool and adhesion of water molecules of the same to the contact surfaces, including food, keeping it in a perfect state of preservation by means of a "dry cold".

3 .- Corrector electrical apparatus applicable to cooling and heating by "heat pump" which causes forth in claims 1 and 2 ^to cause no damage to humans in the enclosure is cooled.

4 .- Corrector Electric applicable to refrigeration and heating by "heat pump" that in the "debug" the current mode explained herein, produces a saving considerable energy and a certain reduction of the sound emitted by the referred to as a "heat pump" cooling / heating machine.