WO2021109326A1 - 一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置 - Google Patents

一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109326A1
WO2021109326A1 PCT/CN2020/072568 CN2020072568W WO2021109326A1 WO 2021109326 A1 WO2021109326 A1 WO 2021109326A1 CN 2020072568 W CN2020072568 W CN 2020072568W WO 2021109326 A1 WO2021109326 A1 WO 2021109326A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slag
bag
flow measurement
flue gas
control device
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PCT/CN2020/072568
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王树众
肖照宇
赵军
吴志强
李美全
马琛
徐宁文
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西安交通大学
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Publication of WO2021109326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109326A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/10—Slag pots; Slag cars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
    • C21B2400/072—Tanks to collect the slag, e.g. water tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace slag waste heat recovery, in particular to an integrated liquid slag buffer and flow measurement and control device.
  • a high-temperature buffer device is required.
  • a liquid slag buffer device with an accident handling function is needed to ensure that the entire system has the ability to handle accidents and ensure the safety of operators and the safety of other supporting systems on the site.
  • high-temperature liquid slag The structure of high-temperature liquid slag is very complicated. Due to the limitation of research methods and experimental methods, it is difficult to determine directly from experiments.
  • the structure of high-temperature liquid slag is mostly inferred from indirect methods. Studies have shown that high-temperature liquid slag has a large amount of sulfate, mixed salt, carbonate, sulphate, chlorate and silicate, so it is highly corrosive. According to the actual operation of the blast furnace, most of the slagging method of the blast furnace is the intermittent slagging method. In order to ensure the stable operation of the dry centrifugal granulation system, a high-temperature buffer device is required.
  • the high-temperature molten slag will corrode the high-temperature buffer device of the liquid molten slag and its affiliated pipelines at a high temperature.
  • the corrosion of the wall material mainly comes from static corrosion, and for its auxiliary pipelines, in addition to the static corrosion, due to the fast flow rate of the built-in liquid slag, there is also dynamic abrasion. . Therefore, the abrasion phenomenon of the wall material of the auxiliary pipeline is more common. Therefore, the auxiliary pipeline needs to be replaced frequently.
  • the existing replacement process is complicated and the replacement time is long, which reduces the stability of the system operation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated liquid slag buffer and flow measurement and control device to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • An integrated liquid slag buffer and flow measurement and control device including a slag ladle, a combustion device, a flue gas pipeline, a flow measurement and control module, and a flow control device; several combustion devices are arranged on the top of the slag ladle and communicate with the inside of the slag ladle;
  • the side of the slag bag is connected with a flow measurement and control module, and the slag bag is connected to the flow measurement and control module through the flue gas pipeline;
  • a flow control device is arranged in the flow measurement and control module, and the flow control device is used to control the flow of the slag bag to the flow measurement and control module;
  • the flow measurement and control module includes a module body, a sealing cover and a slagging pipe; a cavity structure with an opening above the module body, a sealing cover is arranged above the module body, and a slagging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the module body.
  • the flow control device includes a rotary lifting device and a stopper rod; the rotary lifting device is arranged on the sealing cover, one end of the stopper rod is connected with the rotary lifting device, and the other end of the stopper rod can be inserted into the slag dropping pipe; Electric heating device.
  • the upper part of the stopper rod is provided with threads, and the rotary lifting device is threadedly connected.
  • the flue gas pipeline includes a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a high-temperature flue, a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a valve;
  • the high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the top of the slag bag, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is arranged on the sealing cover, and one end of the high-temperature flue is connected with The high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected, and the other end is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet; the high-temperature flue is provided with a valve.
  • the side wall of the slag bag is provided with a slag channel, and the slag bag and the flow measurement and control module are connected through the slag channel; a gate is arranged between the sealing cover and the slag bag, and the gate is located at the slag channel on the outer side wall of the slag bag .
  • the combustion device includes a combustor and a combustor inlet; a plurality of combustor inlets are arranged oppositely or alternately arranged on the top of the slag ladle; each combustor inlet is provided with a combustor; the combustor inlet is inclined.
  • the slag bag includes a slag bag shell, a slag bag cover and a slag bag inner cavity; a slag bag cover is arranged on the top of the slag bag shell, and the slag bag shell and the slag bag cover form the slag bag inner cavity; one end of the slag bag shell is arranged There is a slag inlet; the upper part of the other end is provided with a peep hole, and the lower part of the other end is provided with an accident slag outlet.
  • the inside of the slag bag has an inclined structure from the end of the slag inlet to the end of the accident discharge outlet; the accident diversion groove is arranged outside the accident discharge outlet; the inner bottom plate of the flow measurement and control module is an inclined structure facing the direction of the slag discharge pipe;
  • the pipe is provided with a sliding water port, and a non-contact flowmeter is provided under the slagging pipe; the flow measurement and control module is located on the side of the slagging pipe with a slag discharge; the outside of the slag discharge port is provided with a slagging ditch, which merges into the slag bag
  • the accident diversion channel at one end.
  • the stopper rod has a hollow structure, and a cooling air duct is arranged in the stopper rod.
  • the present invention has the following technical effects:
  • the slag bag in the invention is provided with a slag bag accident slag discharge port, and the bottom surface of the slag bag cavity is designed to be inclined.
  • the liquid slag in the slag bag cavity can be quickly removed in a short period of time.
  • the filling material is injected into the slag discharge port of the slag bag accident; if the liquid slag in the cavity of the slag bag needs to be discharged urgently in the case of emergency slag discharge, the slag can be discharged
  • the filling in the slag discharge port of the accident slag is opened, so as to quickly discharge the high-temperature liquid slag in the cavity of the slag bag, which can effectively prevent the liquid slag from cooling and condensing in the cavity of the slag bag;
  • the circulation area of the accident slag discharge port is The flow area after specific calculation can be calculated according to the actual volume of the slag ladle cavity.
  • the accidental slag discharge sizing nozzle The material is high-temperature wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.
  • the lower plane of the accident slag discharge sizing nozzle is lower than the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag ladle and is inclined downward to ensure the discharge.
  • one or more burners can be arranged on the side of the slag bag cover according to the actual volume of the slag bag to preheat and supplement the heat of the inner cavity of the slag bag; the outlet of the burner is inside the slag bag Inclined downwards, while satisfying the heating function, it avoids the high-temperature baking of the same part of the slag cover by the horizontally arranged burner, thereby preventing the slag cover from cracking.
  • a high-temperature flue gas outlet is provided on the slag ladle cover, and the high-temperature flue gas channel with a valve is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet arranged on the sealing cover to connect the high-temperature flue gas generated in the inner cavity of the slag ladle during the heating stage.
  • the gas is introduced into the sealing cover to preheat the liquid slag flow measurement and control module, and then it is merged into the subsequent flue gas processing unit; this structure not only uses the flue gas generated by the burner's supplementary heating and preheating, but also achieves the flow measurement and control
  • the purpose of preheating the device of the module is to make full use of the heat and improve the energy utilization rate.
  • the bottom of the slag flow measurement and control module is provided with a slag discharge port, and a slag lead groove is provided outside the slag discharge port, which merges into the accident diversion groove at one end of the slag ladle.
  • the structure of the slag discharge port is designed when the system is activated. At this stage, the slag discharge port can be opened, the impurities in the slag bag can be drained from the slag discharge port, and then the slag discharge port will be blocked, and the normal operation phase can be entered; at the same time, the design of the slag discharge port can also ensure liquid slag in the maintenance and shutdown phases. Completely drain from the flow measurement and control module to avoid debris sticking to the surface of the equipment and causing damage.
  • a gate is provided between the liquid slag flow measurement and control module and the slag ladle, a stopper rod is provided in the liquid slag flow measurement and control module, and a sliding nozzle is also provided under the slag tube, which is used in the normal operation stage Stopper rod is used to control the slag flow of the slagging pipe. If a single module needs to be shut down for maintenance, the ram can be closed to stop the slag entering the flow measurement and control module.
  • Stopper rods and sliding nozzles stop the slag from entering, and a three-level safety guarantee design is adopted to make the operation of the system safer and more controllable.
  • a non-contact flowmeter is provided on the slagging pipe to measure the slag flow rate in the slagging pipe.
  • This measurement method compared with the conventional radar level gauge to measure the liquid level and then measure the flow rate The method should be faster, faster, and more accurate.
  • This measurement method directly measures the slag flow rate discharged from the slagging pipe, avoiding the influence of liquid level fluctuations in the slagging pipe and other uncontrollable factors on the measurement results. Ensure the accuracy of the measured flow and the accuracy of flow control.
  • the stopper rod is composed of a stopper rod head and a stopper rod.
  • the inside of the stopper rod is made of high temperature resistant metal material, and the outside is sprayed with high temperature resistant ceramic materials, so that the stopper rod meets the requirements of high temperature resistance while meeting the strength requirements; the inside of the stopper rod
  • a layer of molten slag shell will be formed on the surface of the stopper rod. Using the principle of "resisting slag with slag", the slag shell on the surface replaces the refractory material to contact the liquid slag.
  • the slag channel is at a certain distance from the bottom of the slag ladle, which can prevent impurities sinking at the bottom of the liquid slag from entering the slagging pipe through the slag channel, thereby preventing the slagging pipe from being blocked, and making the system operation safer and more reliable;
  • the buffer and flow measurement and control device are integrated design, which greatly simplifies the system structure and makes the system structure more secure and reliable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the burner and flue layout
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag bag
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shape and layout of the slag bag
  • 1 slag bag 1 slag bag, 2 slag passage, 3 slag bag cavity, 4 slag bag cover, 5 ram, 6 cooling air duct, 7 rotary lifting device, 8 sealing cover, 9 stopper, 10 slag discharge port, 11 Sliding nozzle, 12 slagging tube, 13 non-contact flow meter, 14 slag inlet, 15 peephole, 16 accident slag outlet, 17 burner inlet, 18 burner, 19 high temperature flue gas outlet, 20 valve, 21 High temperature flue gas pipeline.
  • an integrated liquid slag buffer and flow measurement and control device including a slag bag 1, a combustion device, a flue gas pipeline, a flow measurement and control module and a flow control device; a number of combustion devices are set in the slag bag
  • the top is connected to the inside of the slag bag;
  • the side of the slag bag is connected with a flow measurement and control module, and the slag bag is connected to the flow measurement and control module through the flue gas pipeline;
  • the flow measurement and control module is provided with a flow control device, which is used to control the flow direction of the slag bag The flow of the flow measurement and control module;
  • the flow measurement and control module includes a module body, a sealing cover 8 and a slagging tube 12; a cavity structure with an opening above the module body, a sealing cover 8 is provided above the module body, and a slagging tube 12 is provided at the bottom of the module body.
  • the flow control device includes a rotary lifting device 7 and a stopper rod 9; the rotary lifting device 7 is arranged on the sealing cover 8, one end of the stopper rod 9 is connected with the rotary lifting device 7, and the other end of the stopper rod 9 can be inserted into the slagging pipe 12 ; Stopper 9 is provided with an electric heating device around the periphery.
  • the upper part of the stopper rod 9 is provided with threads, and the rotary lifting device 7 is threadedly connected.
  • the flue gas pipeline includes a high temperature flue gas outlet 19, a high temperature flue 21, a high temperature flue gas inlet and a valve 20; the high temperature flue gas outlet 19 is set on the top of the slag bag, the high temperature flue gas inlet is set on the sealing cover 8, and the high temperature flue 21 One end is connected with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the other end is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet; a valve 20 is provided on the high-temperature flue.
  • the side wall of the slag bag is provided with a slag channel 2, and the slag bag and the flow measurement and control module are connected through the slag channel 2; a gate 5 is arranged between the sealing cover 8 and the slag bag, and the gate 5 is located in the slag on the outer side wall of the slag bag. Channel 2.
  • the combustion device includes a combustor 18 and a combustor inlet 17; a number of combustor inlets are arranged oppositely or alternately on the top of the slag ladle; each combustor inlet is provided with a combustor; the combustor inlet is inclined.
  • the slag bag 1 includes a slag bag shell, a slag bag cover 4 and a slag bag inner cavity 3; a slag bag cover is arranged on the top of the slag bag shell, and the slag bag shell and the slag bag cover form the slag bag inner cavity; one end of the slag bag shell is arranged There is a slag inlet 14; the upper part of the other end is provided with a peep hole 15, and the lower part of the other end is provided with an accident slag discharge port 16.
  • the inside of the slag bag has an inclined structure from the end of the slag inlet to the end of the accident discharge port; the accident diversion groove is arranged outside the accident discharge port; the inner bottom plate of the flow measurement and control module is an inclined structure facing the direction of the slagging pipe; the slagging pipe 12 is upper A sliding nozzle 11 is provided, and a non-contact flow meter 13 is provided under the slagging pipe 12; the flow measurement and control module is located on the side of the slagging pipe with a slagging ditch 10; The accident diversion trough at one end of the slag bag.
  • the stopper rod 9 has a hollow structure, and a cooling air duct 6 is provided in the stopper rod 9.
  • the present invention is an integrated design of liquid slag buffer and flow measurement and control device.
  • the liquid slag discharged from the blast furnace enters the slag ladle cavity 3 through the slag inlet 14 at the top of one end of the slag ladle 1, when the liquid level of the slag ladle cavity 3 When it is higher than the height of the slag channel 2, the liquid slag enters the flow measurement and control module on the side of the slag ladle 1, the inflowing slag is controlled by the stopper 9 and then flows into the slagging pipe 12 into the subsequent processing unit;
  • a burner inlet 17 is arranged on the 4 for installing the burner 18, the other side of the slag ladle cover 4 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet 19; the upper part of one end of the slag ladle 1 is provided with a slag inlet 14 and the bottom of the other end is arranged with an accident Slag discharge port 16, with a peep hole 15 on the upper part;
  • the arrangement of the channel makes the slag ladle cavity 3 and The flow measurement and control module is connected; the upper part of the liquid slag flow measurement and control module is provided with a sealing cover 8, and the sealing cover 8 is provided with a rotary lifting device 7 for adjusting the height of the stopper 9 to control the flow; the sealing cover 8 is provided with a stopper 9.
  • the stopper 9 is composed of a stopper head and a stopper rod.
  • the inside of the stopper rod is provided with a cooling air duct 6; the bottom of the slag flow measurement and control module is provided with a slag discharge port 10, and the outside of the slag discharge port 10 is provided with a slag lead groove , It merges into the accident diversion tank at one end of the slag bag 1; the slag pipe 12 is provided with a sliding nozzle 11 and a non-contact flow meter 13.
  • the burner inlet 17 for installing the burner 18 arranged between the slag ladle cover 4 is arranged obliquely downwards at a certain angle with the horizontal plane.
  • the burner 18 can be arranged oppositely or alternately on the slag ladle cover 4; the slag ladle cover 4
  • the high temperature flue gas outlet 19 is provided on the other side, and the high temperature flue gas pipe 21 is connected externally, and is connected with the flow measurement and control module through the sealing cover 8, and a valve 20 is provided on the pipe.
  • the material of the accident discharge port 16 is made of high temperature and abrasion resistant material, and the accident discharge port 16 is inclined downward, and the lower plane is slightly lower than the bottom of the inner cavity 3 of the slag ladle to ensure clean ;
  • the upper part of the stopper rod 9 is provided with a thread, and the height of the stopper rod 9 is adjusted by the cooperation with the rotary lifting device 7 arranged on the sealing cover 8, and then the slag flow into the slagging pipe 12 is adjusted; the stopper rod 9 is provided with An electric heating device is used to preheat the stopper 9; at the same time, a gate 5 is provided between the sealing cover 8 and the slag bag 1, and the material of the gate 5 is a high temperature resistant material, which is used to block the slag channel 2.
  • the slag channel 2 is located on the side of the slag ladle 1, a certain distance from the bottom of the slag ladle 1, to prevent the impurities sinking at the bottom of the slag ladle 1 from flowing into and blocking the slagging pipe 12; the slagging pipe 12 can be electrically heated or Heating methods such as induction heating need to meet the requirement of heating the slagging tube 12 to a certain temperature to ensure smooth flow.
  • the layout structure of the slag bag 1 can have a variety of layout methods according to the actual situation of the site, which can be a linear layout, a circular layout or a "back" layout.
  • the device is applied to a liquid slag waste heat recovery system.
  • a liquid slag waste heat recovery system including a slag buffer device, a flow control device, a centrifugal granulation device and a moving bed device; one end of the slag buffer device is connected with the slag trench, and the other end of the slag buffer device is connected with the flow control device
  • the inlet end of the flow control device is connected with the inlet end of the centrifugal granulation device, and the outlet end of the centrifugal granulation device is connected with the moving bed device; the liquid slag is discharged from the slag ditch and first enters the slag buffer device , And then pass through the flow control device, the centrifugal granulation device and the moving bed device in turn.
  • the slag buffer device includes a slag ladle body and a slag ladle cover; the slag ladle cover is sealed and arranged above the slag ladle body, and a slag ladle inner cavity is formed between the slag ladle cover and the slag ladle body;
  • One end of the slag ladle body is provided with a slag inlet, and the other end is provided with an accident slag discharge port;
  • the slag inlet is connected with the outlet end of the slag ditch, and the liquid molten slag enters the cavity of the slag ladle through the slag inlet;
  • the accident slag discharge port is used It is connected with the accident diversion tank, and the accident diversion tank is connected with the slag pit;
  • the side wall of the slag bag body is provided with a slag outlet, and the slag outlet is provided with a slag outlet; one end of the slag outlet is connected with the cavity of the slag bag, and the other end is connected with the flow control device; the accident slag outlet is provided above Peep hole; the bottom plate of the slag bag body is inclined from the slag inlet end to the accident discharge port end, and the angle between the bottom plate and the horizontal plane is 5°-10°; the burner inlet is set on one side of the slag bag cover, and the burner The inlet is used to install the burner; the other side of the slag bag cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected to the flow control device through the high-temperature flue gas channel.
  • the flow control device includes an upper sealing cover, a device bottom plate, a slag pipe, a weir plate, and a stopper rod; the upper sealing cover is sealed on the device bottom plate and connected to the slag buffer device; the upper sealing cover is provided with a stopper rod on the side wall Operation port, maintenance entrance and high temperature flue gas inlet, stopper rod is installed on the stopper rod operation port, one end of the stopper rod is used to connect with the slag outlet, and the other end is extended to the outside of the upper sealing cover; high temperature flue gas inlet and high temperature flue gas The outlet end of the channel is connected; the bottom of the device bottom plate is provided with a slag drop port, one end of the slag pipe is connected with the slag drop port, and the other end is connected with the centrifugal granulation device; the upper end of the slag pipe is provided with a weir plate; one side of the device bottom plate A slag discharge port is provided, and the slag discharge port is connected
  • the granulation device includes a granulation bin, a flue gas ring header, a granulator, a heat exchange tube bundle, a granulation air duct and a collecting flue; the granulation bin is arranged under the flow control device, and the inlet end of the granulation bin is connected to the The outlet end of the flow control device is connected; the flue gas annular header is set at the inlet end of the granulation bin, one end of the flue gas annular header is connected with the granulation bin, and the other end is connected through the collecting flue; the granulator is set at the granulation bin In the center of the silo, the granulator is set directly opposite the outlet end of the flow control device; the heat exchange tube bundles are evenly arranged in the granulation silo, and the granulated air distribution pipes are arranged under the heat exchange tube bundles.
  • the inner wall of the granulation silo is provided with a membrane type water wall, which includes a water wall tube, a side iron of the water wall tube and a small air outlet.
  • the water wall tube is arranged vertically upwards and passes between two adjacent water wall tubes.
  • the edge iron of the water wall tube is connected, and the edge iron of the water wall tube is provided with a small air outlet.
  • the moving bed device includes a heat exchange bin, a slag wool scraper, a flattening device, a roll crushing device and an air distribution mechanism.
  • the heat exchange warehouse is arranged below the granulation warehouse, the center of the heat exchange warehouse is provided with an installation space for the granulation device, and the granulation rotor is installed on the installation space; both sides of the granulation rotor are equipped with slag cotton scrapers and slag cotton scrapers.
  • a flattening device is set under the slag wool scraper, a roll crushing device is set below the flattening device, and an air distribution mechanism is set below the roll crushing device;
  • the slag scraper is arranged at 180° on both sides of the granulation rotor.
  • the slag scraper adopts a zigzag structure; the slag scraper can reciprocate on the side of the granulation rotor to realize the cutting of the slag around the granulation rotor.
  • the cut slag wool falls into the heat exchange bin under the action of gravity; the slag wool scraper is made of 310S stainless steel with high temperature resistance.
  • the flattening device is arranged under the slag wool scraper and is located in the upper high temperature section of the heat exchange bin; the flattening device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the granulation rotor, and the flattening device is connected with the motor and reciprocates under the drive of the motor. It realizes the reciprocating combing of the surface of the material layer, which plays the role of uniform material layer.
  • the flat material device adopts air-cooled rake.
  • the air-cooled rake is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the granulation rotor.
  • the air-cooled rake is evenly equipped with an exhaust device.
  • the roll crushing device is arranged under the flat material device and located in the middle temperature part of the heat exchange bin; the roll crushing device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the granulation rotor.
  • the roll crushing device adopts several pairs of air-cooled roll crushing devices.
  • the cold roll crushing device is connected to the two ends of the heat exchange chamber, and the rotation direction of each pair of air-cooled roll crushing devices is different; the air-cooled roll crushing device can cut the larger-diameter slag or slag mass.
  • the particle size slag or slag wool mass is crushed by the air-cooled roller crushing device to form small slag blocks, and the small slag blocks continue to exchange heat in the heat exchange chamber.
  • the air distribution mechanism includes a first-level air distribution pipe and a second-level air distribution pipe.
  • the first-level air distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber, and the second-level air distribution pipe is arranged above the first-stage air distribution pipe; Both ends of the first-level air distribution pipe and the second-level air distribution pipe are softly connected to the side wall of the heat exchange chamber and connected to the vibration motor; the first-level air distribution pipe is evenly provided with a number of first air supply hoods, The distance between two adjacent first air supply hoods is more than 2 times the diameter of the first-stage air distribution pipe;
  • the second-level air distribution pipe has three layout forms:
  • a plurality of inverted U-shaped structures are evenly spaced on the second-level air distribution pipe, the opening of the inverted U-shaped structure is downward, and the arc section extends upward, and the second air supply is provided above the arc section of the inverted U-shaped structure.
  • a plurality of inverted U-shaped structures are evenly arranged on the second-level air distribution pipe, the opening of the inverted U-shaped structure is downward, and the arc section extends upward, and the air outlet is provided under the arc section of the inverted U-shaped structure;
  • the second-stage air distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of upright air pipes at even intervals, and the upper end of the upright air pipe is provided with a hood.
  • the height of the inverted U-shaped structure can extend to the material layer above 800°C.
  • the liquid slag waste heat recovery system of the present invention the liquid slag is discharged from the slag ditch and sequentially passes through the slag buffer device, the flow control device, the centrifugal granulation device, the moving bed device and the slag discharge module;
  • the waste heat recovery medium is Air and water, where the air passes through the moving bed device, the centrifugal granulation device, the high temperature flue and the waste heat boiler in sequence, and the water passes through the economizer, the moving bed device, the centrifugal granulation device, the waste heat boiler and the superheater heating surface module in sequence.
  • Liquid slag enters the inner cavity of the slag buffer device through the slag inlet on the upper part of the slag buffer device, and then is discharged from the sizing nozzle provided on the side of the slag buffer device, and flows into the outer liquid slag flow control device, the flow control device Arranged with a weir plate structure, the inflowing slag smoothly flows into the slagging tube into the centrifugal granulation module after submerging the weir plate structure; at the same time, a burner inlet is arranged on the slag buffer device cover for installing the burner;
  • the other side of the cache device cover is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet;
  • the upper part of one end of the slag cache device is equipped with a slag inlet, the bottom of the other end is equipped with an accident slag outlet, and the upper part is equipped with a peep hole; an accident is provided outside the accident slag outlet
  • the diversion groove leads to the water
  • the outside of the cover is operated by the stopper rod operating device port to operate the stopper rod head and the sizing nozzle to control the flow;
  • the bottom of the liquid slag flow control device is inclined design, and the angle with the horizontal plane is 5°-10°, and the other end is provided with a slag discharge port
  • the outside of the slag discharge port is provided with a slag lead trench, which merges into the accident diversion groove at one end of the slag buffer device;
  • the top of the slag pipe is equipped with a weir structure, and the outside of the lower slag pipe is equipped with a heating device.
  • the slag buffer device can be arranged in a rectangular structure, a circular structure or a circular structure according to the on-site space, and the flow control device is uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the outer side of the slag buffer device.
  • the burner inlet for installing the burner arranged between the cover of the slag buffer device is arranged obliquely downwards at a certain angle to the horizontal.
  • the other side of the cover of the slag buffer device is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the outside is connected with a high-temperature flue , It is connected with the high temperature flue gas inlet on the side of the sealing cover, and there is a valve on the pipe.
  • the burner adopts a single, or multiple symmetrical or staggered arrangement.
  • the lower part of the slag flow control device and the part under the opening of the stopper operating device is set in an inclined structure to ensure that the slag of the module can be drained; there is a weir structure on the periphery of the top of the slag pipe, and the slag flowing into the module needs to be drained. It flows into the slagging pipe through the weir to avoid the fluctuation of the liquid level inside the slagging pipe and to ensure the accuracy of liquid level measurement.
  • the inner wall of the granulation silo is equipped with a membrane water wall, and the water wall is arranged vertically upward. There is a small hole in the middle of the water-cooled side iron, and the small hole has a certain inclination angle.
  • the flue gas in the granulation warehouse is led out from the gap of the flue gas outlet, and the drawn flue gas is collected in the flue gas ring header, and finally flows into the waste heat boiler and other equipment through the collecting flue.
  • the position of the flue gas outlet gap mainly has the following two implementation methods:
  • a flue gas outlet gap is opened around the top of the granulation bin, and the flue gas flows into the flue gas annular header through the flue gas outlet gap around the granulation bin, and finally a collecting flue is set on the flue gas annular header to draw out the flue gas .
  • a flue gas outlet gap is opened around the slag pipe in the center of the granulation warehouse, and the flue gas flows into the flue gas annular header through the flue gas outlet gap in the center of the granulation warehouse, and finally a collecting flue is set on the flue gas annular header to lead out Smoke.
  • slag wool scrapers are set in the connecting section of the moving bed waste heat recovery device and the granulation rotor.
  • the slag scrapers are arranged on both sides of the granulation rotor and arranged at 180°. They are designed according to the sawtooth structure and are made of 310S stainless steel with high temperature resistance. Material. In the early stage of operation of the waste heat recovery system, when the speed of the granulator is too fast or the temperature of the equipment is too low, a large amount of scum will be formed during the centrifugal granulation process.
  • a reciprocating serrated scraper is provided on the side of the rotor cup to cut the slag wool around the rotor cup.
  • air-cooled rakes are arranged in the high temperature section on the upper part of the moving bed.
  • the air-cooled rakes are arranged on both sides in a symmetrical structure.
  • the air-cooled rakes are driven by the motor to reciprocate combing the surface of the material layer, which plays the role of evening the material layer.
  • the air-cooled rake is provided with symmetrically distributed air exhaust devices to enhance the heat exchange effect in the high temperature section of the bed.
  • an air-cooled roll crushing device is installed in the lower part of the air-cooled rake, that is, the middle temperature section of the moving bed.
  • the crushing device adopts a symmetrical distribution and is arranged at both ends of the warehouse.
  • a pair of air-cooled rolls rotate in different directions, and the material layer of the moving bed is discharged more smoothly by using the effect of shearing force.
  • a multi-stage air supply hood is set in the lower part of the moving bed.
  • the distance between the hood and the air supply pipe can be designed to be more than twice the diameter of the air supply pipe to ensure that the slag and The slag wool will not block the bottom of the moving bed.
  • the upper air supply pipe of the secondary air supply hood at the bottom of the moving bed protrudes upward at regular intervals to form an inverted "U"-shaped structure air pipe.
  • the air pipe and the side wall of the moving bed are connected by a soft connection, and the vibration motor drives the air pipe to vibrate to ensure smooth discharge.
  • the inverted "U"-shaped air duct can be set high enough to enter the material layer above the middle temperature section to further strengthen the waste heat recovery.
  • the flue gas of the baking slag buffer device will enter the high-temperature flue along the high-temperature flue gas outlet, first enter the outer liquid slag flow control device, and then The high-temperature flue gas enters the lower centrifugal granulation device through the slagging pipe, and finally flows into the moving bed device through the centrifugal granulation device. After the high temperature flue gas enters the system for a period of time, the waste heat recovery of the system begins. When the entire flue gas enters the waste heat recovery system, it plays a role of preheating the drying bag. Because the parts of the entire system are mostly made of high-temperature resistant metals, they are expensive.
  • the slag buffer device in the slag waste heat recovery system of the present invention includes a slag ladle, a combustion device and a flue gas pipeline; a plurality of combustion devices are arranged on the top of the slag ladle cover and communicate with the inner cavity of the slag ladle;
  • the side of the bag is connected with a flow control device, and the slag bag body is connected to the flow control device through the high-temperature flue gas pipeline and the slag outlet; the flow control device is used to control the flow of the slag bag to the flow control device;
  • the flow control device includes an upper sealing cover, a weir plate of the device bottom plate, a slagging pipe and a stopper rod; the upper sealing cover is also sealed to the side wall of the slag ladle body; a slagging pipe is provided at the bottom of the liquid slag flow measurement and control device, and the slagging pipe is above it There is a weir plate.
  • the stopper rod includes a stopper rod and a stopper rod; the stopper rod operating port is provided on the sealing cover, the stopper rod rod is provided in the stopper rod operating port, and the end of the stopper rod located inside the sealing cover is provided with a stopper rod head; A sizing nozzle is arranged on the upper communicating with the flow control device, the plug head can be inserted into the sizing nozzle, and a heating device is arranged at the sizing nozzle.
  • the flue gas pipeline includes a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a high-temperature flue, a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a valve; the high-temperature flue gas outlet is set on the top of the slag bag, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is set on the flow control device, and one end of the high-temperature flue is connected to the high-temperature flue gas.
  • the gas outlet is connected, and the other end is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet; the high-temperature flue is provided with a valve.
  • each burner inlet is provided with a burner; the burner inlet is arranged obliquely.
  • the inside of the slag ladle has an inclined structure from the end of the slag inlet to the end of the accident discharge outlet; the accident diversion groove is arranged outside the accident discharge outlet.
  • the bottom plate of the flow control device is an inclined structure toward the direction of the slag pipe; a heating device is arranged under the slag pipe; the side of the flow control device at the position of the slag pipe is provided with a slag discharge port; the outside of the slag discharge port is provided with a slag lead groove, Into the accident diversion tank located at one end of the slag bag.
  • the top of the sealing cover is provided with a radar level gauge and an infrared thermometer; the side of the sealing cover is provided with an access for maintenance.
  • the slag bag in the invention is provided with a slag bag accident slag discharge port, and the bottom surface of the slag bag cavity is designed to be inclined.
  • the liquid slag in the slag bag cavity can be quickly removed in a short period of time.
  • the filling material is injected into the slag discharge port of the slag bag accident; if the liquid slag in the cavity of the slag bag needs to be discharged urgently in the case of emergency slag discharge, the slag can be discharged
  • the filling in the slag discharge port of the slag accident is opened up to quickly discharge the high-temperature liquid slag in the cavity of the slag bag, which can effectively prevent the liquid slag from cooling and condensing in the cavity of the slag bag; the circulation area of the accident slag discharge port is The flow area after specific calculation can be calculated according to the actual volume of the slag ladle cavity.
  • the accidental slag discharge sizing nozzle The material is high-temperature wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.
  • the lower plane of the accident slag discharge sizing nozzle is lower than the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag ladle and is inclined downward to ensure the discharge.
  • one or more burners can be arranged on the side of the slag bag cover according to the actual volume of the slag bag to preheat and supplement the heat of the inner cavity of the slag bag; the outlet of the burner is inside the slag bag Inclined downwards, while satisfying the heating function, it avoids the high-temperature baking of the same part of the slag cover by the horizontally arranged burner, thereby preventing the slag cover from cracking.
  • a high-temperature flue gas outlet is provided on the slag ladle cover, and a high-temperature flue gas duct with a valve is connected with the high-temperature flue gas inlet arranged on the side of the sealing cover to connect the high temperature generated in the inner cavity of the slag ladle during the heating stage.
  • the flue gas is introduced into the sealed cover to preheat the liquid slag flow control device, and then flows into the subsequent flue gas processing unit; this structure not only utilizes the flue gas generated by the burner's supplementary heating and preheating, but also reaches the convection flow
  • the purpose of preheating by the device of the control device is to make full use of the heat and improve the energy utilization rate.
  • the bottom of the flow control device has an inclined design and has a certain angle with the horizontal plane.
  • the other end is provided with a slag discharge port, and the outside of the slag discharge port is provided with a slag lead groove, which merges into the accident diversion groove at one end of the slag bag;
  • the design of the structure of the bottom surface and the slag discharge port allows the slag discharge port to be opened during the system startup stage, and the filling in the sizing nozzle is drained from the slag discharge port, and then the slag discharge port is blocked and enters the normal operation stage;
  • the design of the inclined bottom surface can also ensure that the liquid slag is completely drained from the flow control device during the maintenance and shutdown phases, and avoid the residues sticking to the surface of the equipment and causing damage.
  • the top of the slag falling pipe of the flow control device is provided with a weir plate, and the liquid slag in the inner cavity of the slag ladle is discharged through the sizing nozzle and enters the flow control device.
  • the slag on the bottom plate of the flow control device is only where the liquid level reaches the weir plate.

Abstract

本发明公开一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，包括渣包、燃烧装置、烟气管路、流量测控模块和流量控制装置；若干燃烧装置设置在渣包的顶部，且与渣包内部连通；渣包侧面连通设置有流量测控模块，渣包通过烟气管路连接流量测控模块；流量测控模块内设置有流量控制装置，流量控制装置用于控制渣包流向流量测控模块的流量；本发明中渣包设有渣包事故排渣口，并且渣包内腔底面为倾斜设计，在需要排渣或者事故处理阶段，可在较短的时间内将渣包内腔的液态熔渣迅速排净，在正常的运行情况下，渣包事故排渣口内打入填充物。

Description

一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置 技术领域
本发明涉及高炉渣余热回收技术领域，特别涉及一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置。
背景技术
历经近30年发展，我国钢铁产量大幅度提升。纵向来看，我国粗钢产量从1990年的0.66亿吨提升至2016年的8.1亿吨，产量的复合增长率达到10.1％。横向来看，2016年我国的粗钢产量达8.1亿吨，全球产量占比达50.5％。在钢铁冶炼过程中，将产生大量高温炉渣。据估计，高炉渣的出炉渣温可高达1400～1550℃，通过计算可知每吨高温高炉渣的显热值可高达1260～1880MJ/吨，相当于60kg标准煤/吨。据统计，基于我国现有的钢铁冶炼技术，每生产1吨生铁将产生0.3吨高炉渣，以2016年我国生铁产量7.0亿吨进行计算，可折合产生2.1亿吨以上的高炉渣，其显热量相当于0.13亿吨标准煤。
相比水渣法，干法处理技术不仅会节约大量的水资源，而且也几乎不释放H2S和SO2等有害气体，因此具有显著的经济、环保性能，受到了业内的高度重视。在干法离心粒化处理过程中，高温高黏度的炉渣由高速旋转的转盘甩离转盘表界面，在空中形成液滴，再与空间中的传热介质，进行强烈的直接换热，使液滴温度降低，使其液滴表面发生相变，形成凝固层，随着温度进一步降低，液滴逐渐转变成固体小颗粒。由于高炉的出渣方式多数为间歇出渣的方式，为保证干法离心粒化系统的稳定运行，需配备高温缓存装置。为保证系统的安全运行，因此需要一种具有事故处理功能的液态熔渣缓存装置来确保整个系统具有事故应急处理的能力，确保操作人员的安全及场地其他配套系统的安全。
高温液态熔渣的结构是十分复杂的，由于受到研究方法和实验手段的限制，以至于难以从实验直接确定。高温液态熔渣的结构，大多是从间接的方法推断的。通过研究表明，高温液态熔渣存在大量硫酸盐、混合盐、碳酸盐、确酸盐、氯酸盐及硅酸盐，因此具有较高的腐蚀性。根据高炉实际运行情况来看，高炉的出渣方式多数为间歇出渣的方式，为保证干法离心粒化系统的稳定运行，需配备高温缓存装置。此时，高温熔渣会对液态熔渣的高温缓存装置及其附属管道进行高温腐蚀。对于高温缓存装置而言，壁材的腐蚀主要来源于静态的腐蚀，而对于其附属管道而言，除静态的腐蚀之外，由于内置液态熔渣的流速快，因此还有动态的磨蚀现象存在。因此，附属管道壁材的磨蚀现象更为常见，为此需要经常对附属管道进行更换，但是现有的更换流程复杂，更换时间长，降低了系统运行的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，以解决上述问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，包括渣包、燃烧装置、烟气管路、流量测控模块和流量控制装置；若干燃烧装置设置在渣包的顶部，且与渣包内部连通；渣包侧面连通设置有流量测控模块，渣包通过烟气管路连接流量测控模块；流量测控模块内设置有流量控制装置，流量控制装置用于控制渣包流向流量测控模块的流量；
流量测控模块包括模块主体、密封罩和落渣管；模块主体上方开口的腔体结构，模块主体上方设置有密封罩，模块主体的底部设置有落渣管。
进一步的，流量控制装置包括旋转升降装置和塞棒；旋转升降装置设置在密封罩上，塞棒的一端与旋转升降装置连接，塞棒的另一端能够插进落渣管内；塞棒外围设有电加热装置。
进一步的，塞棒的上部设有螺纹，旋转升降装置螺纹配合连接。
进一步的，烟气管路包括高温烟气出口、高温烟道、高温烟气入口和阀门；高温烟气出口设置在渣包顶部，高温烟气入口设置在密封罩上，高温烟道的一端与高温烟气出口连接，另一端与高温烟气入口连接；高温烟道上设置有阀门。
进一步的，渣包的侧壁设置有熔渣通道，渣包和流量测控模块通过熔渣通道连通；密封罩与渣包之间设有闸板，闸板位于渣包外侧壁的熔渣通道处。
进一步的，燃烧装置包括燃烧器和燃烧器进口；若干燃烧器进口相对布置或相间布置的设置在渣包顶部；每个燃烧器进口上均设置有燃烧器；燃烧器进口为倾斜设置。
进一步的，渣包包括渣包壳体、渣包盖和渣包内腔；渣包壳体顶部设置渣包盖，渣包壳体和渣包盖形成渣包内腔；渣包壳体一端设置有进渣口；另一端上部设置有窥视孔，另一端下部设置有事故排渣口。
进一步的，渣包内部从进渣口端到事故排渣口端为倾斜结构；事故排渣口外部设有事故导流槽；流量测控模块内底板为朝向落渣管方向的倾斜结构；落渣管上设置有滑动水口，落渣管下方设置有非接触式流量计；流量测控模块位于落渣管位置的侧面设置有排渣,；排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包一端的事故导流槽。
进一步的，塞棒为中空结构，塞棒内设置有冷却风风道。
与现有技术相比，本发明有以下技术效果：
本发明中渣包设有渣包事故排渣口，并且渣包内腔底面为倾斜设计，在需要排渣或者事故处理阶段，可在较短的时间内将渣包内腔的液态熔渣迅速排净，在正常的运行情况下，渣 包事故排渣口内打入填充物；若遇到紧急排渣的情况下，需要将渣包内腔内的液态熔渣紧急排净时，可将渣包事故排渣口内的填充物打通，从而迅速将渣包内腔里面的高温液态熔渣排出，可有效防止液态熔渣在渣包内腔内部降温凝结；该处事故排渣口的流通面积为特定计算之后的流通面积，可根据渣包内腔的实际体积进行计算，基本上需要满足将液态熔渣在3-5分钟之内排出渣包内腔的要求；该处事故排渣定径水口材料为高温耐磨耐蚀材料，同时该处事故排渣定径水口下平面低于渣包内腔底部倾斜向下，确保排净。
本发明中在渣包盖的侧边，可以根据实际渣包的容积大小，布置一个或者多个燃烧器，用于对渣包内腔的预热和补热；燃烧器的出口在渣包内部倾斜向下，在满足加热功能的同时，避免了水平布置的燃烧器对渣包盖相同部位的高温烘烤，从而防止渣包盖开裂。
本发明中在渣包盖上设置有高温烟气出口，通过带有阀门的高温烟道与布置在密封罩上的高温烟气进口相连接，将渣包内腔里在加热阶段产生的高温烟气导入密封罩内，对液态熔渣流量测控模块进行预热，然后汇入后续的烟气处理单元；这种结构不仅利用了燃烧器补热预热产生的烟气，而且达到了对流量测控模块的装置进行预热的目的，充分利用了热量，提高了能量利用率。
本发明中熔渣流量测控模块底部设有排渣口，排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包一端的事故导流槽，排渣口这种结构的设计，在系统启动的阶段，可以打开排渣口，将渣包内的杂质从排渣口排净，随后封堵排渣口，进入正常运行阶段；同时排渣口的设计在检修以及停机阶段也可以确保液态熔渣从流量测控模块完全排净，避免残渣粘结在设备表面造成破坏。
本发明中在液态熔渣流量测控模块与渣包之间设有闸板，在液态熔渣流量测控模块内设有塞棒，同时在落渣管下部还设有滑动水口，在正常运行阶段采用塞棒来控制落渣管熔渣流量，如需单模块停机检修，则可以关闭闸板停止向流量测控模块进渣，若遇到紧急情况，需要停止向后续处理单元进渣，则可以同时关闭塞棒和滑动水口来停止进渣，采用了三级安全保障的设计，使系统的运行更加安全可控。
本发明中在落渣管上设有非接触式流量计，用以测量落渣管内的熔渣流量，采用这种测量方法，相比于常规采用的雷达液位计测液位进而测得流量的方法，要更加快捷、迅速、准确，这种测量方法直接测出了排出落渣管的熔渣流量，避免了因为落渣管内液位波动以及其他不可控因素对测量结果造成的影响，从而保证了测得流量的准确性以及流量调控的准确性。
本发明中塞棒由塞棒头和塞棒杆构成，塞棒内部为耐高温金属材料，外部喷涂有耐高温陶瓷材料，使塞棒满足强度要求的同时满足耐高温的要求；塞棒杆内部有冷却气体通道，可以对塞棒进行冷却，在塞棒的表面会形成一层熔融渣壳，运用“以渣抗渣”的原理，以表面的 渣壳代替耐火材料对液态熔渣进行接触，避免了熔渣对塞棒本身的溶蚀作用，从而大大延长了塞棒的使用寿命；同时，塞棒外围带有电加热装置，用于对塞棒进行加热，避免进渣时塞棒和熔渣温差过大，造成塞棒表面耐高温材料开裂。
本发明中熔渣通道距离渣包底部有一定的距离，可以防止沉在液态熔渣底部的杂质通过熔渣通道进入落渣管，从而防止了落渣管的堵塞，是系统运行更加安全可靠；同时缓存和流量测控装置为一体化设计，大大简化了系统结构，使系统的结构更加安全牢靠。
附图说明
图1为本发明的示意图；
图2为燃烧器及烟道布置示意图；
图3为渣包结构示意图；
图4为渣包形状布置示意图；
其中，1渣包、2熔渣通道、3渣包内腔、4渣包盖、5闸板、6冷却风风道、7旋转升降装置、8密封罩、9塞棒、10排渣口、11滑动水口、12落渣管、13非接触式流量计、14进渣口、15窥视孔、16事故排渣口、17燃烧器进口、18燃烧器、19高温烟气出口、20阀门、21高温烟气管道。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进一步说明：
请参阅图1至图4，一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，包括渣包1、燃烧装置、烟气管路、流量测控模块和流量控制装置；若干燃烧装置设置在渣包的顶部，且与渣包内部连通；渣包侧面连通设置有流量测控模块，渣包通过烟气管路连接流量测控模块；流量测控模块内设置有流量控制装置，流量控制装置用于控制渣包流向流量测控模块的流量；
流量测控模块包括模块主体、密封罩8和落渣管12；模块主体上方开口的腔体结构，模块主体上方设置有密封罩8，模块主体的底部设置有落渣管12。
流量控制装置包括旋转升降装置7和塞棒9；旋转升降装置7设置在密封罩8上，塞棒9的一端与旋转升降装置7连接，塞棒9的另一端能够插进落渣管12内；塞棒9外围设有电加热装置。
塞棒9的上部设有螺纹，旋转升降装置7螺纹配合连接。
烟气管路包括高温烟气出口19、高温烟道21、高温烟气入口和阀门20；高温烟气出口19设置在渣包顶部，高温烟气入口设置在密封罩8上，高温烟道21的一端与高温烟气出口连接，另一端与高温烟气入口连接；高温烟道上设置有阀门20。
渣包的侧壁设置有熔渣通道2，渣包和流量测控模块通过熔渣通道2连通；密封罩8与渣包之间设有闸板5，闸板5位于渣包外侧壁的熔渣通道2处。
燃烧装置包括燃烧器18和燃烧器进口17；若干燃烧器进口相对布置或相间布置的设置在渣包顶部；每个燃烧器进口上均设置有燃烧器；燃烧器进口为倾斜设置。
渣包1包括渣包壳体、渣包盖4和渣包内腔3；渣包壳体顶部设置渣包盖，渣包壳体和渣包盖形成渣包内腔；渣包壳体一端设置有进渣口14；另一端上部设置有窥视孔15，另一端下部设置有事故排渣口16。
渣包内部从进渣口端到事故排渣口端为倾斜结构；事故排渣口外部设有事故导流槽；流量测控模块内底板为朝向落渣管方向的倾斜结构；落渣管12上设置有滑动水口11，落渣管12下方设置有非接触式流量计13；流量测控模块位于落渣管位置的侧面设置有排渣,10；排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包一端的事故导流槽。
塞棒9为中空结构，塞棒9内设置有冷却风风道6。
本发明一种一体化设计的液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，从高炉排出的液态熔渣由渣包1一端顶部的进渣口14进入渣包内腔3，当渣包内腔3液位高于熔渣通道2的高度时，液态熔渣进入渣包1侧边的流量测控模块，流入的熔渣采用塞棒9进行流量控制后流入落渣管12进入后续处理单元；在渣包盖4上布置有燃烧器进口17，用于安装燃烧器18，渣包盖4另一侧设有高温烟气出口19；渣包1一端的上部设置有进渣口14，另一端底部布置有事故排渣口16，上部设有窥视孔15；事故排渣口16外部设有事故导流槽，通入水渣坑；渣包内腔3的底部，从进渣口14端到事故排渣口16端为倾斜设计，与水平面夹角在5°-10°范围内；熔渣通道2位于渣包1侧边，距离渣包1底部有一定的距离，该通道的设置使渣包内腔3和流量测控模块相连通；液态熔渣流量测控模块上部设有密封罩8，密封罩8上设有旋转升降装置7，用于调节塞棒9的高度从而控制流量；密封罩8内部设有塞棒9，塞棒9由塞棒头和塞棒杆构成，塞棒杆内部设有冷却风风道6；熔渣流量测控模块底部设有排渣口10，排渣口10外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包1一端的事故导流槽；落渣管12上设有滑动水口11和非接触式流量计13。
在渣包盖4之间布置的用于安装燃烧器18的燃烧器进口17，与水平面呈一定角度倾斜向下布置，燃烧器18可以在渣包盖4上相对布置或相间布置；渣包盖4另一侧设有的高温烟气出口19，外部连接高温烟气管道21，通过密封罩8与流量测控模块相连接，且在管道上设有阀门20。
位于渣包1一端底部的事故排渣口16，流通面积为特定计算之后的流通面积，可根据渣 包内腔3的实际体积进行计算，满足将液态熔渣在短时间内将渣包1内熔渣快速排出的要求；该处事故排渣口16材料为耐高温耐磨蚀材料，同时该处事故排渣口16倾斜向下，下平面比渣包内腔3底部略低，确保排净；顶部设有窥视孔15，其外部可设红外测温仪、工业电视等装置，对渣包1内熔渣状态进行监测。
塞棒9的上部设有螺纹，通过与密封罩8上布置的旋转升降装置7的配合，来调整塞棒9的高度，进而调节进入落渣管12的熔渣流量；塞棒9外围设有电加热装置，用于对塞棒9进行预热；同时，密封罩8与渣包1之间设有闸板5，闸板5材料为耐高温材料，用于封堵熔渣通道2。
熔渣通道2位于渣包1侧边，距离渣包1底部有一定的距离，避免渣包1内沉在液位底部的杂质流入并堵塞落渣管12；落渣管12可以采用电加热或电感加热等加热方式，需要满足将落渣管12加热到一定温度的要求，确保流动通顺。
渣包1的布置结构根据现场的实际情况可以有多种布局方式，可以是直线型布置，也可以是环形布置或“回”字形布置。
实施例：
本装置应用于一种液态熔渣余热回收系统。
一种液态熔渣余热回收系统，包括熔渣缓存装置、流量控制装置、离心粒化装置及移动床装置；熔渣缓存装置的一端与渣沟连接，熔渣缓存装置的另一端与流量控制装置的进口端连接，流量控制装置的出口端与离心粒化装置的进口端连接，离心粒化装置的出口端与移动床装置的连接；液态熔渣从渣沟排出后首先进入熔渣缓存装置中，然后依次经过流量控制装置、离心粒化装置及移动床装置。
熔渣缓存装置包括渣包本体及渣包盖；渣包盖密封设置在渣包本体的上方，渣包盖与渣包本体之间形成渣包内腔；
渣包本体的一端设置有进渣口，另一端设置有事故排渣口；进渣口与渣沟的出口端连接，液态熔渣通过进渣口进入渣包内腔中；事故排渣口用于与事故导流槽连接，事故导流槽与水渣坑连通；
渣包本体的侧壁上设置有出渣口，出渣口中设置有定径水口；定径水口的一端与渣包内腔连接，另一端与流量控制装置连接；事故排渣口的上方设置有窥视孔；渣包本体的底板从进渣口端到事故排渣口端倾斜设置，底板与水平面之间的夹角为5°-10°；渣包盖的一侧设置燃烧器进口，燃烧器进口用于安装燃烧器；渣包盖的另一侧设置有高温烟气出口，高温烟气出口通过高温烟气通道与流量控制装置连接。
流量控制装置包括上部密封罩、装置底板、落渣管、堰板及塞棒；上部密封罩密封设置在装置底板上，且与熔渣缓存装置连接；上部密封罩的侧壁上设置有塞棒操作口、检修入口及高温烟气入口，塞棒安装在塞棒操作口上，塞棒的一端用于与出渣口连接，另一端与伸出上部密封罩外侧；高温烟气入口与高温烟气通道的出口端连接；装置底板的底部设置有落渣口，落渣管的一端与落渣口连接，另一端与离心粒化装置连接；楼渣管的上端设置堰板；装置底板的一侧设置有排渣口，排渣口与事故导流槽连接；装置底板的底部倾斜设置。
粒化装置包括粒化仓、烟气环形集箱、粒化器、换热管束、粒化布风管及汇集烟道；粒化仓设置在流量控制装置的下方，粒化仓的进口端与流量控制装置的出口端连接；烟气环形集箱设置在粒化仓的进口端，烟气环形集箱的一端与粒化仓连通，另一端通过汇集烟道连接；粒化器设置在粒化仓内部中心，粒化器正对流量控制装置的出口端设置；换热管束均匀设置在粒化仓中，粒化布风管设置在换热管束的下方。
粒化仓的内壁上敷设有膜式水冷壁，膜式水冷壁包括水冷壁管、水冷壁管边铁及出风小口，水冷壁管竖直向上设置，相邻两个水冷壁管之间通过水冷壁管边铁连接，水冷壁管边铁上设置有出风小口。
移动床装置包括换热仓、渣棉刮刀、平料装置、轧辊破碎装置及布风机构。
换热仓设置在粒化仓的下方，换热仓的中心设置有粒化装置的安装空间，粒化转杯安装在安装空间上；粒化转杯两侧设置有渣棉刮刀，渣棉刮刀设置在换热仓与粒化转杯的衔接处；渣棉刮刀的下方设置平料装置，平料装置的下方设置轧辊破碎装置，轧辊破碎装置的下方设置布风机构；
渣棉刮刀呈180°设置在粒化转杯的两侧，渣棉刮刀采用锯齿形结构；渣棉刮刀能够在粒化转杯的侧面往复运动，实现了对粒化转杯周围的渣棉切断，切断后的渣棉在重力作用下落入换热仓中；渣棉刮刀采用310S不锈钢耐高温材质。
平料装置设置在渣棉刮刀的下方，且位于换热仓的上部高温段；平料装置对称设置在粒化转杯的两侧，平料装置与电机连接，在电机的带动下往复运动，实现对料层表面进行往复梳理，起到了均匀料层的作用。平料装置采用风冷耙，风冷耙对称设置在粒化转杯的两侧，风冷耙上均匀设置有排风装置。
轧辊破碎装置设置在平料装置的下方，且位于换热仓的中温部；轧辊破碎装置对称设置在粒化转杯的两侧，轧辊破碎装置采用若干成对设置有风冷轧辊破碎装置，风冷轧辊破碎装置与换热仓的两端连接，每一对风冷轧辊破碎装置的旋转方向不同；通过风冷轧辊破碎装置实现对较大粒径的渣块或渣棉团进行切断，较大粒径渣块或渣棉团经过风冷轧辊破碎装置的 破碎后形成小渣块，小渣块在换热仓内继续换热。
布风机构包括第一级布风管及第二级布风管，第一级布风管设置在换热仓的底部，第二级布风管设置在第一级布风管的上方；第一级布风管及第二级布风管的两端均与换热仓的侧壁软连接，且与振动电机连接；第一级布风管上均匀设置有若干个第一供风风帽，相邻两个第一供风风帽之间的间距为第一级布风管直径的2倍以上；
第二级布风管有三种布置形式：
1)第二级布风管上均匀间隔设置有多个倒U型结构，倒U型结构的开口向下，且圆弧段向上延伸，倒U型结构的圆弧段上方设置有第二供风风帽；
2)第二级布风管上均匀间隔设置有多个倒U型结构，倒U型结构的开口向下，且圆弧段向上延伸，倒U型结构的圆弧段下方设置有出气口；
3)第二级布风管上均匀间隔设置有多个直立风管，直立风管的上端设置风帽。
其中，倒U型结构的高度可以延伸至800℃以上的料层之中。
本发明所述的一种液态熔渣余热回收系统，液态熔渣从渣沟排出后依次经过熔渣缓存装置、流量控制装置、离心粒化装置、移动床装置及出渣模块；余热回收介质为空气及水，其中空气依次经过移动床装置、离心粒化装置、高温烟道及余热锅炉，水依次经过省煤器、移动床装置、离心粒化装置、余热锅炉及过热器受热面模块。
液态熔渣由熔渣缓存装置一端上部的进渣口进入熔渣缓存装置内腔，再由熔渣缓存装置侧边设置的定径水口排出，流入外侧的液态熔渣流量控制装置，流量控制装置布置有堰板结构，流入的熔渣没过堰板结构后平稳地流入落渣管进入离心粒化模块；同时在熔渣缓存装置盖上布置有燃烧器进口，用于安装燃烧器；熔渣缓存装置盖另一侧设有高温烟气出口；熔渣缓存装置一端的上部设置有进渣口，另一端底部布置有事故排渣口，上部设有窥视孔；事故排渣口外部设有事故导流槽，通入水渣坑；熔渣缓存装置内腔的底部，从进渣口端到事故排渣口端为倾斜设计，与水平面夹角在5°-10°范围内；定径水口位于熔渣缓存装置侧边，距离熔渣缓存装置底部有一定的距离，且定径水口处设有加热装置；液态熔渣流量控制装置上部设有密封罩，密封罩一侧设有塞棒操作装置口和检修入口，另一侧设有高温烟气入口，顶部设有雷达液位计和红外测温仪；密封罩内部设有塞棒，塞棒由塞棒头和塞棒杆构成，在密封罩外侧通过塞棒操作装置口操作塞棒头与定径水口配合来控制流量；液态熔渣流量控制装置底部为倾斜设计，与水平面夹角为5°-10°，另一端设有排渣口；排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于熔渣缓存装置一端的事故导流槽；落渣管顶部设有堰板结构，下部落渣管外侧设有加热装置。
熔渣缓存装置根据现场空间内可以布局为长方形结构、回形结构或圆环结构，流量控制装置均匀或非均匀分布在熔渣缓存装置的外侧面。
在熔渣缓存装置盖之间布置的用于安装燃烧器的燃烧器进口，与水平面呈一定角度倾斜向下布置，熔渣缓存装置盖另一侧设有高温烟气出口，外部连接高温烟道，与密封罩侧边的高温烟气入口相连接，且在管道上设有阀门。燃烧器采用单个、或者多个对称布置、错排布置布置的方式。熔渣流量控制装置下部，位于塞棒操作装置口下的部分设置为倾斜结构，保证该模块的熔渣能排净；落渣管顶部外围设有堰板结构，流入该模块的熔渣需没过堰板流入落渣管，避免落渣管内部液位波动，保证液位测量的准确性。
离心粒化模块中，粒化仓内壁敷设膜式水冷壁，水冷壁竖直向上布置。水冷璧边铁中间开设小孔，小孔有一定的倾斜角。粒化仓中烟气由烟气出口缝隙引出，引出的烟气在烟气环形集箱内汇集，最后通过汇集烟道流入余热锅炉等设备。烟气出口缝隙的位置主要有以下两种实施方式：
a)在粒化仓的顶部四周开设烟气出口缝隙，烟气通过粒化仓四周的烟气出口缝隙流进烟气环形集箱，最后在烟气环形集箱上开设汇集烟道引出烟气。
b)在粒化仓中心落渣管四周开设烟气出口缝隙，烟气通过粒化仓中心的烟气出口缝隙流进烟气环形集箱，最后在烟气环形集箱上开设汇集烟道引出烟气。
在移动床余热回收装置和粒化转杯的衔接段，设置了渣棉刮刀，渣棉刮刀设置在粒化转杯的两侧，呈180°布置，按照锯齿的结构设计，采用310S不锈钢耐高温材质。在余热回收系统运行初期，当粒化器转速过快或者设备温度过低时，离心粒化过程中会形成大量的渣棉。渣棉产生之后，为防止渣棉团聚在转杯周围，在转杯侧面设置有可以往复运动的锯齿刮刀，将转杯周围的渣棉切断。在移动床上部的高温段，设置风冷耙，风冷耙采用对称结构布置在两侧，风冷耙在电机的带动下在料层表面进行往复梳理，起到均匀料层的作用，同时，在风冷耙上设置有对称的分布的排风装置，在床层高温段起到强化换热的效果。在风冷耙的下部，即移动床中温段，设置了风冷轧辊破碎装置，该破碎装置与风冷耙一样，采用对称分布，布置于仓内的两端，在工作时用电机带动让每一对风冷轧辊沿不同的方向旋转，利用剪切力的作用，让移动床的料层更加顺畅的出料。在移动床的下部，即低温段，设置多级供风风帽，在保证供风量足够的前提下，可以将风帽和供风管的间距设计为供风管直径的2倍以上，保证渣块和渣棉不会堵塞移动床底部。同时，在移动床底部二级供风风帽的上层供风管每隔一定的距离便向上伸出形成倒“U”型结构风管。风管和移动床侧壁使用软连接进行连接，由振动电机带动风管振动，保证排料顺畅。根据实际情况可以将倒“U”型风管设置的足够高，可以进 入到中温段以上的料层之中，进一步强化余热回收。
本发明所述的一种液态熔渣余热回收系统，启动前，烘烤熔渣缓存装置的烟气会沿着高温烟气出口进入高温烟道，首先进入外侧的液态熔渣流量控制装置，然后高温烟气经过落渣管进入下部的离心粒化装置中，最后经由离心粒化装置流入到移动床装置。在高温烟气进入系统一段时间后，开始进行系统的余热回收。整个烟气在进入各余热回收系统的过程中，起到烘包预热的作用，由于整个系统的部件大多由耐高温的金属构成，价格昂贵。若缺少烟气预热过程直接进行余热回收，高温的液态熔渣和设备直接接触，会引起系统内部构件的变形，影响设备的使用寿命，增加维修费用，造成不必要的经济损失。
本发明所述的一种熔渣余热回收系统中熔渣缓存装置，包括渣包、燃烧装置及烟气管路；若干燃烧装置设置在渣包盖的顶部，且与渣包内腔连通；渣包侧面连通设置有流量控制装置，渣包本体通过高温烟气管路及出渣口连接流量控制装置；流量控制装置用于控制渣包流向流量控制装置的流量；
流量控制装置包括上部密封罩、装置底板堰板、落渣管及塞棒；上部密封罩与渣包本体侧壁也密封连接；液态熔渣流量测控装置底部设置有落渣管，落渣管上方设置有堰板。
塞棒包括塞棒杆及塞棒头；塞棒操作口设置在密封罩上，塞棒杆设置在塞棒操作口内，且位于密封罩内部的塞棒杆端部设置有塞棒头；渣包上与流量控制装置连通处设置有定径水口，塞棒头能够插在定径水口内，定径水口处设置有加热装置。
烟气管路包括高温烟气出口、高温烟道、高温烟气入口和阀门；高温烟气出口设置在渣包顶部，高温烟气入口设置在流量控制装置上，高温烟道的一端与高温烟气出口连接，另一端与高温烟气入口连接；高温烟道上设置有阀门。
若干燃烧器进口相对布置或相间布置的设置在渣包盖顶部；每个燃烧器进口上均设置有燃烧器；燃烧器进口为倾斜设置。
渣包内部从进渣口端到事故排渣口端为倾斜结构；事故排渣口外部设有事故导流槽。
流量控制装置的底板为朝向落渣管方向的倾斜结构；落渣管下方设置有加热装置；流量控制装置位于落渣管位置的侧面设置有排渣口；排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包一端的事故导流槽。密封罩顶部设有雷达液位计和红外测温仪；密封罩侧面设置有检修入口。
本发明中渣包设有渣包事故排渣口，并且渣包内腔底面为倾斜设计，在需要排渣或者事故处理阶段，可在较短的时间内将渣包内腔的液态熔渣迅速排净，在正常的运行情况下，渣包事故排渣口内打入填充物；若遇到紧急排渣的情况下，需要将渣包内腔内的液态熔渣紧急排净时，可将渣包事故排渣口内的填充物打通，从而迅速将渣包内腔里面的高温液态熔渣排 出，可有效防止液态熔渣在渣包内腔内部降温凝结；该处事故排渣口的流通面积为特定计算之后的流通面积，可根据渣包内腔的实际体积进行计算，基本上需要满足将液态熔渣在3-5分钟之内排出渣包内腔的要求；该处事故排渣定径水口材料为高温耐磨耐蚀材料，同时该处事故排渣定径水口下平面低于渣包内腔底部倾斜向下，确保排净。
本发明中在渣包盖的侧边，可以根据实际渣包的容积大小，布置一个或者多个燃烧器，用于对渣包内腔的预热和补热；燃烧器的出口在渣包内部倾斜向下，在满足加热功能的同时，避免了水平布置的燃烧器对渣包盖相同部位的高温烘烤，从而防止渣包盖开裂。
本发明中在渣包盖上设置有高温烟气出口，通过带有阀门的高温烟道与布置在密封罩侧边的高温烟气进口相连接，将渣包内腔里在加热阶段产生的高温烟气导入密封罩内，对液态熔渣流量控制装置进行预热，然后汇入后续的烟气处理单元；这种结构不仅利用了燃烧器补热预热产生的烟气，而且达到了对流量控制装置的装置进行预热的目的，充分利用了热量，提高了能量利用率。
本发明中流量控制装置底部为倾斜设计，与水平面有一定的夹角，另一端设有排渣口，排渣口外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包一端的事故导流槽；倾斜底面和排渣口这种结构的设计，在系统启动的阶段，可以打开排渣口，将定径水口内的填充物从排渣口排净，随后封堵排渣口，进入正常运行阶段；同时倾斜底面的设计在检修以及停机阶段也可以确保液态熔渣从流量控制装置完全排净，避免残渣粘结在设备表面造成破坏。
本发明中流量控制装置的落渣管顶部设有堰板，渣包内腔的液态熔渣通过定径水口排出，进入流量控制装置，在流量控制装置底板的熔渣只有液位达到堰板的高度，才能没过堰板进入落渣管，从而进入后续环节；通过数值模拟和实验的验证得出可以很大程度的减小落渣管内液位的波动，提高采用雷达液位计测量液位的准确度，进而使流量测控更为精准，对后续处理环节也有很大好处。
以上所述仅表示本发明的优选实施方式，任何人在不脱离本发明的原理下而做出的结构变形、改进和润饰等，这些变形、改进和润饰等均视为在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，包括渣包(1)、燃烧装置、烟气管路、流量测控模块和流量控制装置；若干燃烧装置设置在渣包(1)的顶部，且与渣包(1)内部连通；渣包(1)侧面连通设置有流量测控模块，渣包(1)通过烟气管路连接流量测控模块；流量测控模块内设置有流量控制装置，流量控制装置用于控制渣包(1)流量测控模块的流量；
    流量测控模块包括模块主体、密封罩(8)和落渣管(12)；模块主体上方开口的腔体结构，模块主体上方设置有密封罩(8)，模块主体的底部设置有落渣管(12)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，流量控制装置包括旋转升降装置(7)和塞棒(9)；旋转升降装置(7)设置在密封罩(8)上，塞棒(9)的一端与旋转升降装置(7)连接，塞棒(9)的另一端能够插进落渣管(12)内；塞棒(9)外围设有电加热装置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，塞棒(9)的上部设有螺纹，旋转升降装置(7)螺纹配合连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，烟气管路包括高温烟气出口(19)、高温烟道(21)、高温烟气入口和阀门(20)；高温烟气出口(19)设置在渣包顶部，高温烟气入口设置在密封罩(8)上，高温烟道(21)的一端与高温烟气出口连接，另一端与高温烟气入口连接；高温烟道上设置有阀门(20)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，渣包(1)的侧壁设置有熔渣通道(2)，渣包(1)和流量测控模块通过熔渣通道(2)连通；密封罩(8)与渣包之间设有闸板(5)，闸板(5)位于渣包(1)外侧壁的熔渣通道(2)处。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，燃烧装置包括燃烧器(18)和燃烧器进口(17)；若干燃烧器进口相对布置或相间布置的设置在渣包(1)顶部；每个燃烧器进口(17)上均设置有燃烧器(18)；燃烧器进口(17)为倾斜设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，渣包(1)包括渣包壳体、渣包盖(4)和渣包内腔(3)；渣包壳体顶部设置渣包盖(4)，渣包壳体和渣包盖(4)形成渣包内腔(3)；渣包壳体一端设置有进渣口(14)；另一端上部设置有窥视孔(15)，另一端下部设置有事故排渣口(16)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，渣包(1)内部从进渣口(14)端到事故排渣口(16)端为倾斜结构；事故排渣口(16)外部设有事故导流槽；流量测控模块内底板为朝向落渣管方向的倾斜结构；落渣管(12)上设置有滑动水口(11)，落渣管(12)下方设置有非接触式流量计(13)；流量测控模块位于落渣管位置的侧面设置有排渣口(10),(10)；排渣口(10)外部设有引渣沟，汇入位于渣包(1)一端的事故导流槽。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种一体式液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置，其特征在于，塞棒(9)为中空结构，塞棒(9)内设置有冷却风风道(6)。
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