WO2021106802A1 - Layered transparent plate body, and layered transparent plate structure for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

This layered transparent plate body, which is to be attached to an opening of an automobile, comprises a transparent plate and two or more printed layers spaced apart from each other in the thickness direction, and has a peripheral area which is the area up to 30-500 mm from the end edges of the layered transparent plate body and a main area which is the area on the inner side of the peripheral area, wherein the printed layers are formed in the main area.

Description

Transparent plate laminated body and transparent plate laminated structure for automobiles

The present invention relates to a transparent plate laminated body and a transparent plate laminated structure for automobiles.

As a member attached to the opening of a vehicle, for example, a window material for a vehicle, a transparent plate laminate provided with a transparent plate is well known. Some of such transparent plate laminates are configured so that the amount of light transmitted can be controlled. Among them, a so-called dimming window material in which a liquid crystal or the like is enclosed and the amount of light transmitted can be controlled by applying a voltage is well known (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-36967 Jikkenhei 2-95318 Gazette

However, the dimming window material or the dimming laminated structure as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 requires a power feeding unit and wiring, so that the number of members is large and the configuration is complicated, so that the manufacturing is complicated. And the cost tends to be high.

Further, especially when used in an automobile, it may be required to control the amount of light that passes through the transparent plate laminate from the outside of the vehicle and is incident on the space inside the vehicle so as to be different depending on the incident angle of the light. In such a case, the dimming window material or the dimming laminated structure described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 may not be able to cope with the situation.

Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a transparent plate laminated body and an automobile transparent plate laminated structure capable of controlling the amount of transmitted light with a simpler configuration.

One aspect of the present invention is a transparent plate laminate attached to an opening of an automobile, which includes a transparent plate and two or more printing layers separated in the thickness direction.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a transparent plate laminate in which the amount of light transmission can be controlled with a simpler configuration.

It is a perspective view of the transparent plate laminated body by one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1, showing a transparent plate laminate according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the function of the print layer in a transparent plate laminated body. A modification of the transparent plate laminated body according to the first embodiment is shown. Another modification of the transparent plate laminated body according to the first embodiment is shown. Another modification of the transparent plate laminated body according to the first embodiment is shown. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1, showing a transparent plate laminate according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1, showing a transparent plate laminate according to a third embodiment of the present invention. A modification of the transparent plate laminated body according to the third embodiment is shown. The relationship between the irradiance ratio and the incident angle of light in Examples and Comparative Examples is shown.

Hereinafter, a mode for carrying out the present invention will be described. In each drawing, the same or corresponding configurations may be designated by the same or corresponding reference numerals and the description thereof may be omitted. Further, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Further, "-" representing a numerical range includes an upper limit and a lower limit of the numerical value.

<Transparent plate laminate>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic appearance of the transparent plate laminated body 100 according to the present embodiment. The transparent plate laminated body 100 includes a transparent plate (transparent plate-like body) 10 as a basic component thereof, and further includes a pattern PT that can be visually observed. The plan view shape of the transparent plate laminated body 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a quadrangle as a whole, and more specifically, a rectangle, but the plan view shape is not limited to the illustrated shape. The transparent plate laminate 100 may have a quadrangle other than a rectangle, a polygon other than a quadrangle, or any other shape. The above shape is an approximate shape, and the vertices may be rounded or the sides may be curved. Further, the transparent plate laminate 100 may be flat or curved. The plan view refers to viewing from the normal direction (thickness direction of the transparent plate laminated body 100) with respect to the tangent line at an arbitrary point on the transparent plate laminated body 100.

In the present specification, for the sake of simplicity, one direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 is defined as the x direction, and the direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 and orthogonal to the x direction is defined. Let it be in the y direction. In the example of FIG. 1, the longitudinal direction of the substantially rectangular transparent plate laminated body 100 corresponds to the y direction, and the lateral direction corresponds to the x direction. Further, in FIG. 1, the direction from left to right along the x direction is the + x direction, the opposite direction is the −x direction, the direction from the bottom to the top along the y direction is the + y direction, and the opposite direction. Is in the −y direction. The x-direction and the y-direction are defined for convenience of explanation, and the x-direction and the y-direction are arbitrary directions as long as they are orthogonal to each other along the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100, for example. The x-direction or the y-direction may be the direction along the diagonal line of the transparent plate laminated body 100.

The transparent plate 10 is preferably a glass plate. The material constituting the glass plate may be inorganic glass or organic glass. Examples of the inorganic glass include soda lime silicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, lithium aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass and the like. The method for forming a glass plate made of inorganic glass is not particularly limited, but for example, a glass plate formed by a float method or the like is preferable. The glass plate may be unreinforced glass, or may be tempered glass that has been subjected to air-cooled tempering treatment or chemical strengthening treatment. Untempered glass is made by molding molten glass into a plate shape and slowly cooling it. On the other hand, tempered glass has a compressive stress layer formed on the surface of untempered glass. When the tempered glass is wind-cooled tempered glass, the uniformly heated glass plate is rapidly cooled from a temperature near the softening point, and a compressive stress is generated on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, thereby causing a compressive stress on the glass surface. May be strengthened. When the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface by an ion exchange method or the like.

When the glass plate is organic glass, examples of the material include transparent resins such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin (for example, polymethylmethacrylate), polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene.

The transparent plate 10 may be colored to the extent that the transparency is not impaired and to the extent that the function of the printing layer described later described in the present embodiment is not impaired. Further, as the transparent plate 10, a material that reflects or absorbs light rays having a predetermined wavelength, for example, ultraviolet rays or infrared rays may be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, on the peripheral edge of the transparent plate laminated body 100, a shielding layer for protecting a sealant or the like that adheres and holds the transparent plate laminated body 100 to the vehicle body when it is attached to the opening of the vehicle. 40 may be provided. The shielding layer 40 can be formed, for example, by applying a ceramic color paste containing a meltable glass frit containing a black pigment and firing it. The shielding layer 40 can be provided on the surface inside the vehicle when the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached. Further, as will be described later, when the transparent plate laminate 100 is provided with two or more transparent plates 10 such as laminated glass, the shielding layer 40 may be provided inside the transparent plate laminate 100. Good. For example, it may be provided on the outer surface of the transparent plate on the inner side of the vehicle, or may be provided on the inner surface of the transparent plate on the outer side of the vehicle. Further, the shielding layer 40 may be provided on both the transparent plate on the outside of the vehicle and the transparent plate on the inside of the vehicle.

The shielding layer 40 is mainly provided in the peripheral region Rp of the transparent plate laminated body 100. The width of the shielding layer 40 may differ depending on the position. In the present specification, the peripheral region Rp is a region from 30 mm to 500 mm from the edge of the transparent plate laminated body 100. That is, the peripheral region Rp is a region starting from the edge of the transparent plate laminated body 100 and having an upper limit of 30 mm to 500 mm. The upper limit may be within this range, but may be, for example, 500 mm, 400 mm, 300 mm, 200 mm, 100 mm, or 50 mm. Further, the region inside the peripheral region Rp is defined as the main region Rm. When the shielding layer 40 is provided on the peripheral edge of the transparent plate laminated body 100, the region in which the shielding layer 40 is formed may be regarded as the peripheral edge region Rp in a plan view.

The transparent plate laminate 100 may be curved as a whole or partially. In that case, the transparent plate 10 which is a component of the transparent plate laminated body 100 may be processed into a predetermined curvature and curved. The radius of curvature of the transparent plate 10 may be 1000 mm to 100,000 mm. When the transparent plate 10 is a curved inorganic glass, the transparent plate 10 is bent and molded after being molded by the float method. Bending molding is performed by softening the glass by heating. The heating temperature of the glass during bending is approximately 550 ° C to 700 ° C. The transparent plate 10 may have a single bending shape that is bent only in one direction, for example, in the front-rear direction or the up-down direction of the automobile when attached to the opening of the automobile. Further, the transparent plate 10 may have a compound bending shape that is bent in the front-rear direction and the up-down direction. In order to process the transparent plate 10 to a predetermined curvature, bending molding such as gravity molding and press molding can be performed. When the transparent plate laminate 100 is configured to include two or more transparent plates 10, the radii of curvature of the transparent plate on the outside of the vehicle and the transparent plate on the inside of the vehicle may be the same or different.

The thickness of one transparent plate 10 may be 0.2 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 2.4 mm. When the transparent plate laminate 100 is configured to include two or more transparent plates 10, the thickness of the transparent plate on the outer side of the vehicle is preferably 1.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less at the thinnest portion. When the plate thickness of the glass plate 12 is 1.1 mm or more, the strength such as stepping stone resistance is sufficient, and when it is 3 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass 10 does not become too large, which is preferable in terms of fuel efficiency of the vehicle. .. The thinnest portion of the glass plate 12 is more preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.8 mm or less, further preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.6 mm or less, and further preferably 1.8 mm or more and 2.2 mm or less. More preferably, it is 8 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. The thickness of the transparent plate inside the vehicle is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. When the thickness of the glass plate 11 is 0.3 mm or more, the handleability is good, and when it is 2.3 mm or less, the mass does not become too large.

The transparent plate laminate 100 can be suitably used as a vehicle, particularly a material to be attached to an opening of an automobile, for example, a window material. The transparent plate laminate 100 may be, for example, a roof glass, a windshield, a rear glass, a side glass, or the like.

Hereinafter, the details of the laminated structure and function of the transparent plate laminated body 100 will be described in detail with reference to the cross-sectional views (FIGS. 2 to 4A) of the transparent plate laminated body 100.

<First Embodiment>
2A to 2E show a first embodiment of the transparent plate laminated body 100 according to the present embodiment. 2A to 2E are cross-sectional views taken along the line I-I of FIG. 1, that is, cross-sectional views taken along the y direction in FIG.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E, two transparent plates, that is, a first transparent plate 11 and a second transparent plate 12, are used as the transparent plate 10. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are joined via one interlayer film 30.

When two or more transparent plates are provided as in this example, these two or more transparent plates may be made of the same material as described above, or may be made of different materials from each other. Further, the thicknesses of the plurality of transparent plates may be the same or different from each other.

Further, when the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are made of glass plates and are joined via the interlayer film 30 as in the configuration of this example, the transparent plate laminate 100 is connected to the laminated glass. Become. A thermoplastic resin is often used as the interlayer film 30, and for example, a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin, a saturated polyester resin, a plasticized saturated polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, and a plasticized polyurethane resin are used. Examples thereof include thermoplastic resins conventionally used for this type of application, such as resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, cycloolefin polymer resins, and ionomer resins. Further, the resin composition containing the modified block copolymer hydride described in Japanese Patent No. 6065221 can also be preferably used. Among these, plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resins have an excellent balance of various performances such as transparency, weather resistance, strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. Is preferably used. These thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. "Plasticization" in the plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resin means that it is plasticized by adding a plasticizer. The same applies to other plasticized resins.

Further, the interlayer film 30 may be a resin that does not contain a plasticizer. Examples of the resin containing no plasticizer include an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. The polyvinyl acetal resin is a polyvinyl formal resin obtained by reacting polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter, may also be referred to as “PVA” if necessary) with formaldehyde, and a narrow sense obtained by reacting PVA with acetaldehyde. Polyvinyl butyral resin obtained by reacting PVA with n-butylaldehyde (hereinafter, may be referred to as "PVB" if necessary), etc., and in particular, transparency and weather resistance. PVB is preferable because it has an excellent balance of various performances such as strength, adhesive strength, penetration resistance, impact energy absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, and sound insulation. These polyvinyl acetal-based resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

However, the material forming the interlayer film 30 is not limited to the thermoplastic resin. Further, the interlayer film 30 may have one or more of an ultraviolet shielding action, a heat shielding action, and a sound insulating action.

The film thickness of the interlayer film 30 is preferably 0.5 mm or more at the thinnest part. When the interlayer film 30 is composed of the first intermediate film and the second intermediate film, the film thickness of the intermediate film is the sum of the film thickness of the first intermediate film and the film thickness of the second intermediate film. The film thickness. When the film thickness of the thinnest portion of the interlayer film 30 is 0.5 mm or more, the impact resistance required for laminated glass is sufficient. Further, the film thickness of the interlayer film 30 is preferably 3 mm or less at the thickest portion. When the maximum film thickness of the interlayer film 30 is 3 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass does not become too large. The maximum value of the film thickness of the interlayer film 30 is more preferably 2.8 mm or less, and further preferably 2.6 mm or less.

The interlayer film 30 may have three or more layers. For example, a transparent plate laminate is formed by forming an interlayer film from three or more layers and making the shear modulus of any layer excluding the layers on both sides smaller than the shear modulus of the layers on both sides by adjusting a plasticizer or the like. The sound insulation of 100 can be improved. In this case, the shear modulus of the layers on both sides may be the same or different.

To produce the interlayer film 30, for example, the above resin material to be an interlayer film is appropriately selected and extruded in a heat-melted state using an extruder. The extrusion conditions such as the extrusion speed of the extruder are set to be uniform. After that, the interlayer film 30 is completed by stretching the extruded resin film, for example, as necessary, in order to give curvature to the upper side and the lower side according to the design of the laminated glass. Laminated glass can be formed by arranging an interlayer film between a plurality of transparent plates, which are glass plates, and pressurizing and / or heating while degassing. For example, an interlayer film 30 is sandwiched between the transparent plate on the outside of the vehicle and the transparent plate on the inside of the vehicle to form a laminated body. Then, for example, the laminate is placed in a rubber bag, a rubber chamber, a resin bag, or the like, and bonded at a temperature of about 70 ° C. to 110 ° C. in a vacuum having a gauge pressure of −65 kPa to −100 kPa. Further, for example, by performing a pressure bonding process of heating and pressurizing under the conditions of 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. and an absolute pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa, a transparent plate laminated body 100 having more excellent durability can be obtained. However, in some cases, this heating / pressurizing step may not be used in consideration of simplification of the step. That is, a method called "cold bend" may be used in which one or both of the transparent plates on the outside of the vehicle and the transparent plates on the inside of the vehicle are joined in a state of being elastically deformed to each other. The cold bend is a laminate composed of a transparent plate on the outside of the vehicle, a transparent plate on the inside of the vehicle, and an interlayer film 30 fixed by a temporary fixing means such as tape, and a spare for a conventionally known nip roller, rubber bag, rubber chamber, or the like. This can be achieved by using a crimping device and an autoclave.

The transparent plate laminate 100 shown in FIG. 2A includes a first printing layer 21 and a second printing layer 22 separated in the thickness direction in addition to the basic configuration of laminated glass. The print layer is a layer having a function of hindering or weakening the transmission of light, and each print layer has a pattern (pattern) recognizable in a plan view extending along a main surface (xy plane). That is, each of the printing layers does not extend continuously over the entire main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 in a plan view, but the printing layer is composed of a plurality of printing small portions, and the plurality of printings are performed. The subparts may be spaced apart and regularly or irregularly arranged. The shape of the printed portion may be any shape such as a mesh shape, a grid shape, a band shape, a linear shape, an arc shape, etc., which does not impair the function of hindering or weakening the transmission of light. Further, the print layer may include a plurality of non-printing small portions (print non-existent small portions), and the plurality of print non-existent small portions may be arranged regularly or irregularly apart from each other. In the example shown in FIG. 2A, two print layers are provided in the thickness direction, but the number of print layers is not limited to two, and may be three or four or more as described later. You may. However, considering the manufacturing cost and the like, the number of printing layers is preferably 6 or less. The first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 may overlap at least a part in a plan view. Further, the plurality of first print small portions and the plurality of second print small portions may not overlap or may partially overlap in a plan view.

The method of forming the print layer is not particularly limited, and it can be formed by, for example, adhering ink. Examples of the printing method for forming the print layer include inkjet printing, offset printing, gravure printing, screen printing, silk screen printing and the like. Of these, in the case of mass production, screen printing is desirable in consideration of productivity. On the other hand, in the case of small-quantity production, inkjet printing without using a mold is preferable.

The ink may be a water-based or oil-based ink containing a colorant and a vehicle, and can be selected according to a desired printing layer function, printing method, and the like. The colorant may contain known pigments and / or dyes. For example, examples of colorants include inorganic pigments such as titanium white, zinc oxide, carbon black, iron black, petals, chrome vermilion, yellow lead, titanium yellow, ultramarine blue, and cobalt blue, phthalocyanine blue, and induslen blue. Organic pigments or dyes such as isoindolinone yellow, benzidine yellow, quinacridone red, polyazo red, aniline black, metal pigments composed of scaly foil powder such as aluminum, brass, titanium dioxide coated mica, scaly such as basic lead carbonate. Examples thereof include pearl luster (pearl) pigments made of foil powder.

Also, the vehicle may contain a solvent. Examples of the solvent include hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene and high boiling petroleum hydrocarbons, ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and isophorone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate. , Ester solvents such as diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, ether alcohol solvents such as ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Furthermore, the vehicle may contain a binder resin. Examples of the binder resin include cellulose derivatives, styrene resins or styrene copolymers, acrylic resins, vinyl polymers, thermosetting resins, fluororesins and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The ink used in the printing layer is a material different from that of the shielding layer 40, but may be the same material as the shielding layer 40.

The patterns of two or more print layers may be the same or different. More specifically, the contour shapes of the patterns of the two or more print layers may be the same or different, and the colors, darkness, etc. of the patterns of the two or more print layers may be the same. It may be different. More specifically, the visible light transmittance of the plurality of print small parts in one print layer may be the same as the visible light transmittance of the plurality of print small parts in the other print layer. It may be different. For example, when the visible light transmittance of a plurality of small print portions on the outermost print layer of the transparent plate laminate 100 is Tv1 and the visible light transmittance of a plurality of small print portions on the innermost print layer of the vehicle is Tv2. , Tv1> Tv2, or Tv1 <Tv2.

Further, the printing layer is not a method generally called printing, but a sheet-like pattern containing ink and having a substantially uniform thickness is formed in advance, and the plate-like body and other printing layers included in the transparent plate laminate 100 are formed. It can also be pasted on the surface of a component or sandwiched between the components. That is, a pattern is formed on the transparent base material, and the base material is attached to the plate-like body included in the transparent plate laminate 100, or is interposed between the transparent plate and the transparent body of the transparent plate laminate 100. You may. Here, as the transparent base material, a film-like base material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, or polyvinyl butyral can be used. The thickness of the transparent base material can be, for example, about 25 μm to 150 μm. The printing layer is not limited to these, and may be a sheet-like member having a function of hindering or weakening the transmission of light, such as paper or fabric, and having a substantially uniform thickness. The dough may contain natural fibers or artificial fibers.

In FIG. 2A, the first print layer 21 is formed between the first transparent plate 11 and the interlayer film 30, and the second print layer 22 is formed between the interlayer film 30 and the second transparent plate 12. There is. In this case, after the interlayer film 30 is prepared and before the transparent plates 11 and 12 are laminated, the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 can be printed on each side of the interlayer film 30. However, it is also possible to print the first print layer 21 on the first transparent plate 11 and print the second print layer 22 on the second transparent plate 12. Further, the place where the print layer is formed is not limited to the place shown in the drawing, and the outer surface of the transparent plate laminate 100, that is, the side of the first transparent plate 11 opposite to the interlayer film 30, or the second transparent plate 12 It may be on the opposite side of the interlayer film 30.

The thickness of the print layer can be 200 μm or less, 100 μm or less, and 20 μm or less. Further, the spacing in the thickness direction between the printing layers (in the example of FIG. 2A, the spacing between the first printing layer 21 and the second printing layer 22) may be 0.3 mm or more and 0.35 mm or more. The distance between the printing layers may be 10 mm or less and 5 mm or less.

Next, the actions / functions expressed by the two or more printing layers will be schematically described with reference to FIG. 2B. FIG. 2B reprints the transparent plate laminate 100 of FIG. 2A.

As described above, the print layer has an action of blocking light or a action of weakening the intensity of light. Therefore, when the light incident from one side of the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 hits the print layer, the light is emitted. Part or all of the light is absorbed or reflected by the print layer and does not or only partly through the opposite side of the main surface. Here, in the present embodiment, since the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 are separated from each other in the thickness direction, the total area of the light hitting the print layer (corresponding to the first print layer 21) depends on the incident direction of the light. The total area and the area corresponding to the second printing layer 22) can change. In other words, the total projected area of the print layers projected in one direction on the transparent plate laminate 100 and the total projected area of the plurality of print layers projected in the other direction may be different.

For example, in the schematic example shown in FIG. 2B, the parallel light L1 obliquely incident from the + y direction side of the transparent plate laminate 100 is hindered by the first print layer 21 or the second print layer 22, and the hindered area thereof. Is relatively large. On the other hand, a part of the parallel light L2 obliquely incident from the −y direction side of the transparent plate laminate 100 is blocked by the first print layer 21 or the second print layer 22, but a part of the light L2 is a transparent plate. It is designed to pass through the laminate 100. That is, in the illustrated example, the area through which the transparent plate laminate 100 transmits the light L1 is smaller than the area through which the light L2 is transmitted. In other words, the total projected area of the print layer projected by shining light L1 (for example, the area of the shadow portion on the projection surface P1) is the projected area of the print layer projected by shining light L2 (for example, the projection surface P2). It is larger than the total area of the shadow area.

In this way, the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 are separated from each other in the thickness direction, so that the transmittance of light transmitted through the transparent plate laminate 100 is increased depending on the incident direction (incident angle) of light. Can be different. Therefore, for example, when the light source is a parallel light source, the amount of light or the transmittance of light emitted from the light source existing on one side of the transparent plate laminated body 100 and incident on the space on the other side through the transparent plate laminated body 100. Can change depending on the position of the light source. Further, for example, when the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached to the opening of an automobile and used, even if the intensity of natural light (sunlight) is the same, the sunlight hits the transparent plate laminate 100 at an angle, that is, the sun with respect to the automobile. Depending on the relative position of, the amount of light transmitted into the vehicle interior space or the light transmittance may change.

When the transparent plate laminate 100 is used as the roof glass of an automobile, the natural light coming in from the upper side of the automobile can be controlled. The presence of the roof glass allows more light from the outside of the vehicle to be taken in, which makes the inside of the vehicle brighter and gives the passengers a feeling of openness. However, when light enters diagonally from the rear of the car, the light passes through the roof glass, enters the car and reaches the front of the car (driver's seat side), but when the amount of light becomes excessive, the instrument Light may be reflected by the mental panel or the like and interfere with the driver's driving. On the other hand, by using the transparent plate laminated body 100 according to this embodiment, the transmittance of light is controlled according to the incident direction of light (particularly visible light), and the transmittance of light that is obliquely inserted from the rear of the automobile can be controlled. Can be lowered. In this case, for example, the print layer can be configured so that the total projected area of the print layers projected from the outside of the vehicle increases in the direction inclined toward the rear of the vehicle from the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100. On the other hand, if the total projected area of the printed layers projected from the outside of the vehicle in the direction inclined from the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100 to the front of the vehicle is reduced, the light shining diagonally from the front of the vehicle The transmittance of the car can be kept relatively high, and the passenger sitting in the back seat of the car can enjoy the light shining through the roof glass.

As described above, especially when the transparent plate laminate 100 is used as a window material for an automobile, for example, an acute angle range (more than 0 ° and 90 °) with respect to a predetermined single direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100. The transmittance of light incident in an angle range of less than 90 ° can be made lower than the transmittance of light incident in an acute angle range (angle range of more than 90 ° and less than 180 °) with respect to the predetermined unidirectional direction. In addition, in this specification, the transmittance of light incident in a predetermined angle range is defined as a plurality of transmittances measured at a predetermined angle interval (for example, every 5 °) within the angle range. It may be the sum of the measured values, or it may be the average value of the plurality of measured values.

In the example of FIG. 2B and the like, the transmittance of light incident in an acute angle range with respect to the + y direction (light incident from the + y direction side) is measured by light incident in a blunt angle range with respect to the + y direction (−y). It can be lower than the transmittance of light incident from the direction side). Further, the transmittance of light incident in an acute angle range with respect to the + y direction can be made lower than the transmittance of light incident at 90 ° with respect to the + y direction (light incident in the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100). .. When such a transparent plate laminate 100 is provided in the opening of an automobile, the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached to the opening of the automobile so that the −y direction faces the front of the automobile and the + y direction faces the rear of the automobile. It is possible to reduce the transmittance of light that enters diagonally from the rear of the car.

In other words, the angle of the incident light is based on, for example, the normal direction (that is, the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminated body 100) at an arbitrary point (position) on the surface of the main region Rm inside the peripheral region Rp. It can also be said that the incident angle φ (FIG. 2B) is an angle inclined in the front-rear direction of the automobile. The arbitrary point may be, for example, a point at a position where a straight line along the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100 and the center of gravity of the transparent plate laminate 100 intersect. The incident angle φ may be in the range of 0 ° or more and less than 90 °.

In that case, the transmittance of light (0 ° <φ <90 °) incident on a predetermined unidirectional direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100 in a sharp angle range is set to the transmittance of the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100. It can be made lower than the transmittance of light incident at 90 ° with respect to a predetermined single direction along the line (light incident on the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminated body 100: φ = 0 °). More specifically, the transmittance of light incident on the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 in a sharp angle range with respect to a predetermined single direction is a predetermined single along the main surface of the transparent plate laminate 100. The transmittance of light incident at 90 ° with respect to the direction (light incident in the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100) can be set to 5% to 80%.

The acute angle range is preferably 5 ° to 50 °. That is, the transmittance of light incident at 5 ° to 50 ° (40 ° ≦ φ ≦ 85 °) with respect to a predetermined single direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100 is the main component of the transparent plate laminated body 100. It is preferable that the transmittance of light incident at 90 ° (φ = 0 °) with respect to a predetermined unidirectional surface along the surface is 5% to 80%. As a result, when the transparent plate laminate 100 is used particularly as a roof glass, the transmittance of light that is obliquely inserted from the rear of the automobile can be lowered, and the reflection of light on the instrument panel can be reduced or prevented. The above-mentioned effects that can be achieved can be improved.

Further, the transmittance of light (0 ° <φ <90 °) incident on the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100 in a sharp angle range with respect to a predetermined single direction is transmitted to the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100. It is also possible to make the transmittance higher than the transmittance of light incident at 90 ° with respect to a predetermined unidirectional along the line (light incident in the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate 100: φ = 0 °). More specifically, the light incident at 90 ° with respect to a predetermined single direction along the main surface of the transparent plate laminated body 100 (light incident in the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminated body 100) is the transparent plate laminated body. It can be 5% to 80% of the transmittance of light incident in a sharp angle range with respect to a predetermined unidirectional plane along the main surface of 100.

In the example of FIG. 2B and the like, the transmittance of light (0 ° <φ <90 °) incident in a sharp angle range with respect to the + y direction is set to 90 ° with respect to the + y direction (transparent plate lamination). It can be higher than the transmittance of light incident on the body 100 in the thickness direction: φ = 0 °). When such a transparent plate laminate 100 is provided in the opening of an automobile, the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached to the opening of the automobile so that the + y direction faces the front of the automobile and the −y direction faces the rear of the automobile. The transmittance of light that enters diagonally from the front of the automobile can be increased, and the transmittance of light that enters directly below from the upper side of the automobile can be reduced. That is, when viewed from the rear seat of the automobile, it becomes easier to check the scenery on the upper front side of the automobile while blocking the light entering the vicinity of the crown of the occupant from the upper side of the automobile.

According to these examples, the illuminance from a predetermined incident direction can be increased and / or the illuminance from another predetermined incident direction can be decreased. That is, the irradiance at the first incident angle φ1 is set to E1 and the second in the range of 0 ° to 90 ° with respect to the normal direction of the transparent plate 10 (11, 12) through the center of gravity of the transparent plate laminated body 100. Assuming that the irradiance at the incident angle φ2 is E2, if φ1 and φ2 satisfying 0 ° <φ1 <φ2 <90 ° and E1 <E2 exist, the illuminance from a predetermined incident direction can be increased. For example, the predetermined incident direction is φ2, and by adjusting φ2 to an angle corresponding to 70 ° or less, preferably 25 ° to 70 °, more preferably 30 ° to 55 °, the transparent plate laminated body 100 is particularly effective. When used as a roof glass, the view through the roof glass from the rear seats is improved, and the effect of suppressing incident sunlight from an angle of φ1 can be obtained.

Further, when the irradiance at the third incident angle φ3 is E3, if φ1, φ2 and φ3 satisfying 0 ° <φ1 <φ2 <φ3 <90 °, E1 <E2 and E2> E3 exist, it is predetermined. The illuminance from the incident direction can be increased and the illuminance from another predetermined incident direction can be decreased. For example, the predetermined incident direction is φ2, and by adjusting φ2 to an angle corresponding to 70 ° or less, preferably 25 ° to 70 °, and more preferably 30 ° to 55 °, the rear seat can be seen through the roof glass. The landscape is improved, and the effect of suppressing the sunlight incident from an angle other than φ2 can be obtained.

Irradiance E can be measured as follows. In a dark room, the light source is arranged at a position 300 mm away from one main surface of the transparent plate laminate on a straight line M extending through the center of gravity of the transparent plate laminate and along the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate. .. Further, the pyranometer is arranged on the straight line M at a position 300 mm away from the other main surface of the transparent plate laminated body. Then, light is emitted from the light source toward the transparent plate laminate. In order to change the incident angle, for example, the position of the light source may be moved while maintaining the distance between the light source and the transparent plate laminated body at 300 mm. As the light source, an artificial sunlight light source having a spectrum conforming to the CIE standard light source D65 defined by ISO 10526: 1999 and CIE S005 can be used. For the measurement of the light source, for example, SOLAX XC-500BSS manufactured by Celic Co., Ltd. can be used. As the pyranometer, for example, MS-802 manufactured by Eiko Seiki Co., Ltd. may be used. As the irradiance E, an integrated illuminance in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 2500 nm may be used.

Further, instead of the above-mentioned irradiance E, the irradiance ratio _RE can be used to express the difference depending on the incident angle. In that case, with respect to the irradiance E of above, and E ₀ the irradiance in the case of removing only the transparent plate laminate in a similar configuration, is defined as the irradiance ratio R _E and _{E / E 0 × 100 [%} ] ..

At an incident angle of 0 ° ~ 90 °, the maximum value of the irradiance ratio _{R E} is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more. If it is 30% or more, sufficient visible light transmittance can be secured, and it is easy to check the scenery in front of or behind the vehicle from inside the vehicle. Further, in the 0 ° ~ 90 °, the minimum value of the irradiance ratio _{R E} is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 20% or less. If it is 40% or less, the sunlight from the front or the rear of the car can be blocked to an appropriate level for the passengers of the car.

Even when the light source is not a light source of parallel light but includes light incident on the transparent plate laminated body 100 in various directions, the light transmittance or the amount of transmission can be controlled with a simpler configuration. It has the effect of being obtained. In this case, for example, among the light components contained in the light emitted by the light source, the transmittance of the light component having a predetermined incident direction may be lowered, and the transmittance of the light component having another predetermined incident direction may be increased. it can. As a result, the amount of light emitted from the light source existing in the space on one side of the transparent plate laminate 100 and incident on the space on the other side through the transparent plate laminate 100 is locally increased in the space on the other side. Or it can be made smaller. For example, when the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached to an opening of an automobile and used, the amount of light in the interior space of the automobile can be locally different. That is, the illuminance can be locally different in the vehicle interior space, and a relatively bright place and a relatively dark place can be created in the vehicle interior space.

The above-mentioned action that the light transmittance can be changed according to the incident direction of light can be obtained by making the pattern shapes of the first printing layer 21 and the second printing layer 22 different from each other, or by making the main surface (xy surface) different from each other. ), It can be further improved. Further, the light control function of the print layer can be further improved by changing the density, color, light absorption characteristics, etc. of the ink used in the print layer, the thickness of the print layer, and the like.

As described above, by using the transparent plate laminate 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to control the light transmission amount or the transmittance according to the angle of the incident light with a simple configuration that does not require a power feeding unit, wiring, or the like. Further, since the transparent plate laminate 100 according to this embodiment does not include an electric element, a dimming element, or the like, there is no concern that the electric element or the like scatters even if it is damaged. Therefore, a conventional dimming window material that uses a voltage. Higher safety can be ensured.

The configuration of the entire print layer including the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 may be uniform over the entire main surface (xy surface) of the transparent plate laminate 100, or may be locally different. You may let me. Further, the pattern PT formed by the two or more printing layers may be provided over the entire surface of the transparent plate laminate 100 or may be provided in a part thereof in a plan view (FIG. 1). The plan view region in which the pattern of the print layer is provided may be provided in 30% or more, preferably 50% or more of the total area of the transparent plate laminate 100. Further, it is preferable that the print layer is provided not in the peripheral region Rp of the transparent plate laminate 100 but in the main region Rm inside the peripheral region Rp (FIG. 1). Further, the print layer may be provided in 30% or more, preferably 50% or more of the area of the main region Rm.

Further, in any 100 mm × 100 mm region of the main region Rm, the ratio of the area of the print layer to the area of the 100 mm × 100 mm region may be 10% or more, 20% or more, and 30%. That may be the above. By doing so, the illuminance can be lowered to the extent that it can be visually recognized.

FIG. 2C shows a modified example of the first embodiment of the transparent plate laminated body 100. Similar to the examples shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the example shown in FIG. 2C has a structure in which the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are joined via an interlayer film 30, and are separated in the thickness direction. It has multiple print layers. However, in this example, the third print layer 23 is provided in addition to the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22. The third printing layer 23 is provided on the outside of the second transparent plate 12 (on the side opposite to the interlayer film 30). In this case, the third print layer 23 is provided on the outside of the transparent plate laminate 100 and is exposed to the external environment. Therefore, when the transparent plate laminate 100 is attached to an automobile and used, FIG. 2C shows. As shown, it is preferable to arrange the third print layer 23 so as to be inside the vehicle.

The print layer arranged on the outside of the transparent plate laminate 100 such as the third print layer 23 is formed by, for example, forming a sheet having a pattern and having a substantially uniform thickness and being attached to the transparent plate 12. It can also be formed.

FIG. 2D shows a modified example of the transparent plate laminated body 100 according to the first embodiment. Similar to the example shown in FIG. 2C, the example shown in FIG. 2D also has a configuration in which the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are joined via an interlayer film 30, and a plurality of prints separated in the thickness direction. A layer, that is, a first print layer 21, a second print layer 22, and a third print layer 23 are provided. However, the interlayer film 30 is composed of two layers, and has a first intermediate layer 31 and a second intermediate layer 32. The first print layer 21 is between the first transparent plate 11 and the first intermediate layer 31, and the second print layer 22 is between the first intermediate layer 31 and the second intermediate layer 32. The print layer 23 is arranged between the second intermediate layer 32 and the second transparent plate 12. In the example of FIG. 2D, all three print layers are enclosed inside the transparent plate laminate 100, and the print layer is not exposed to the external environment, so that deterioration of the print layer can be prevented.

FIG. 2E shows another modification of the transparent plate laminated body 100 according to the first embodiment. The example shown in FIG. 2E differs from the example shown in FIG. 2D in that the interlayer film is composed of three layers. That is, it has an intermediate layer 31, a second intermediate layer 32, and a third intermediate layer 33 as an intermediate film. The first print layer 21 is placed between the first intermediate layer 31 and the second intermediate layer 32, and the second print layer 22 is placed between the second intermediate layer 32 and the third intermediate layer 33. The print layer 23 is arranged between the third intermediate layer 33 and the second transparent plate 12. When the transparent plate laminate 100 of this example is attached to the opening of an automobile, for example, by attaching the transparent plate laminate 100 with the upper side in FIG. 2E facing the outside of the vehicle, direct sunlight from the outside of the vehicle reaches the print layer via the first intermediate layer 31. Therefore, deterioration of the print layer can be reduced. In that case, it is preferable that the interlayer film 30 contains a component having an ultraviolet shielding action.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 3 shows the transparent plate laminated body 200 according to the second embodiment. In the example of FIG. 3, the transparent plate 11 is a veneer. A first print layer 21 and a second print layer 22 are provided on both sides of the transparent plate 11, respectively. In the case of the present embodiment, the first print layer 21 and the second print layer 22 are each formed as a sheet having a pattern and having a substantially uniform thickness and pasted, as described in the description in FIG. 2C. You can also attach it. Further, when the transparent plate laminate 200 is attached to the opening of an automobile, a protective film may be attached to at least the surface of the transparent plate laminate 200 on the outside of the vehicle.

<Third Embodiment>
4A and 4B show the transparent plate laminated body 300 according to the third embodiment. Both FIGS. 4A and 4B have a multi-layer structure in which two transparent plates, a first transparent plate 11 and a second transparent plate 12, are arranged apart from each other. When the transparent plates 11 and 12 are glass plates, the transparent plate laminate 300 according to the present embodiment is double glazing.

In the example of FIG. 4A, spacers 60 for ensuring the space between the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are arranged at both ends of the transparent plate laminated body 300, and the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are arranged. A gas such as air or an inert gas such as argon can be sealed in the space between the transparent plate 12 and the transparent plate 12. In the case of this example, the first print layer 21 is formed inside the first transparent plate 11, and the second print layer 22 is formed inside the second transparent plate 12.

The example of FIG. 4B is a multi-layer structure in which the space between the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 is a reduced pressure gas or a vacuum, for example, a vacuum insulating glass. In addition to both ends of the transparent plate laminated body 300, a plurality of spacers 60 separated in the y direction are additionally arranged to secure a space between the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. Can be done. In this example as well, as in the example shown in FIG. 4A, the first print layer 21 is formed inside the first transparent plate 11, and the second print layer 22 is formed inside the second transparent plate 12. ..

Although the configuration has been described above with some embodiments, the features described in each embodiment can be arbitrarily combined. Further, the transparent plate laminate may include only one printing layer having shades in the main surface direction of the transparent plate 10 (for example, the first transparent plate 11). “There is a shade” means (1) when the visible light transmittance is different between a predetermined single print small portion and another predetermined single print small portion in the first print layer 21, and (2). ) In the main area Rm, the case where the interval between a plurality of small print portions changes stepwise is included.

<Transparent plate laminated structure for automobiles>
One embodiment of the present invention is an automobile transparent plate laminated structure provided with a holding member on the peripheral edge of the transparent plate laminated body described above. The holding member may be a frame for attaching to an automobile or a body frame of an automobile. Further, the holding member may be in contact with a part of the peripheral edge of the transparent plate laminate, or may be in contact with the entire periphery.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described below.

For the transparent plate laminates of Examples 1 to 3, the irradiance ratio _RE [%] with respect to the incident angle φ [°] of light was confirmed by simulation. The results are shown in FIG. Example 1 and Example 2 are examples, and Example 3 is a comparative example.

(Simulation conditions)
A light source was arranged at a position 300 mm away from one main surface of the transparent plate laminate on a straight line M extending through the center of gravity of the transparent plate laminate and along the thickness direction of the transparent plate laminate.
-As the light source, an artificial sunlight light source having a spectrum conforming to the CIE standard light source D65 defined by ISO 10526: 1999 and CIE S005 was used.
· A on the straight line M, the irradiance ratio R _E at spaced 300mm from the other main surface of the transparent plate laminate position, the incident angle φ is calculated in the range of 0 ° ~ 60 °. Irradiance _{ratio, R E = E / E 0} × 100 [%] ( irradiance E: integration intensity in the wavelength range 300nm ~ 2500nm, _{E 0:} irradiance when removing only the transparent plate laminate in a similar configuration ).
-Reflection, scattering, transmission, absorption, refraction, etc. of the transparent plate laminate were taken into consideration. The refractive index of air was 1.0, and the refractive index of glass and interlayer film was 1.5.
The visible light transmittance of the small part of the print was set to 0% at the incident angle φ = 0 ° for both the first print layer and the second print layer.
-Although a non-curved transparent plate laminate was used in this simulation, the results of this simulation can also be used for a curved transparent plate laminate.

(Example 1)
The transparent plate laminate of Example 1 is the configuration of the first embodiment. However, the interlayer film has a two-layer structure.
-The transparent plate laminate of Example 1 has dimensions of 1000 mm in length (length) x 1000 mm in width (width), and in order from the light source side, green glass (thickness 2 mm), PVB interlayer film (0.38 mm thickness), A first printing layer (10 μm thickness), a PVB interlayer film (0.76 mm thickness), a second printing layer (10 μm thickness), and green glass (2 mm thickness) were used. That is, the first printing layer and the second printing layer were separated by 0.76 mm.
-In the first printing layer (10 μm thickness), strip-shaped printing small portions having a width of 1 mm and a length of 1000 mm were repeatedly arranged at intervals of 1 mm in the width direction of the laminate.
-For the second printing layer (10 μm thickness), strip-shaped printing small portions having a width of 1 mm and a length of 1000 mm were repeatedly arranged at intervals of 1 mm in the width direction of the laminate.
The small print portion of the first print layer and the small print portion of the second print layer were arranged so as to be offset by 0.535 mm in the width direction of the laminate. More specifically, the print small portion of the first print layer is set to be 0.535 mm closer to one end in the width direction with respect to the print small portion of the second print layer.
The incident angle φ is an angle that is inclined toward one end side of the laminated body with respect to the thickness direction of the laminated body on the surface including the thickness direction and the width direction of the laminated body.

(Example 2)
In the transparent plate laminate of Example 2, only the deviation of the patterns of the first print layer and the second print layer was changed, and the other parts were the same as those of the transparent plate laminate of Example 1.
The small print portion of the first print layer and the small print portion of the second print layer were arranged so as to be shifted by 0.354 mm in the width direction.

(Example 3)
The transparent plate laminate of Example 3 had the same configuration as the transparent plate laminate of Example 1 except that the first print layer and the second print layer were not arranged.

The transparent plate laminate examples 1, irradiance ratio R _E at phi = 45 ° was 30%. And _{R E} is, 0 ° ≦ φ <45 ° in less than 30%, was reduced as the phi approaches 0 °. Also, the irradiance ratio _{R E} is greater than 30% 45 ° <φ ≦ 60 °, φ becomes larger as it approaches the 60 °. Specifically, _{R E} is 17% phi = 0 °, was 31% in the φ = 60 °. Therefore, it was confirmed that the transparent plate laminate of Example 1 can increase the illuminance at a predetermined φ = 45 ° and decrease the illuminance at φ <45 °, which is smaller than 45 °.

The transparent plate laminate of Example 2, the irradiance ratio R _E at phi = 30 ° was 34%. And _{R E} is, 0 ° ≦ φ <30 ° and 30 ° <φ ≦ 60 ° with greater than 34%, was reduced as the phi approaches 0 ° and 60 °. Specifically, _{R E} is 17% phi = 0 °, was 31% in the φ = 60 °. Therefore, it was confirmed that the transparent plate laminate of Example 2 can increase the illuminance at a predetermined φ = 30 ° and decrease the illuminance at another predetermined incident angle φ <30 ° and φ> 30 °.

The transparent plate laminate of Example 3, irradiance ratio _{R E} is 73% at phi = 0 °, was 63% for phi = 60 °, it becomes smaller as it approaches the 60 °. Therefore, it was confirmed that the transparent plate laminate of Example 3 was not lowered in illuminance at another incident angle smaller than the predetermined incident angle.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-214136 filed with the Japan Patent Office on November 27, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

100, 200, 300 Transparent plate laminate 10, 11, 12 Transparent plate 21, 22, 23 Printing layer 30, 31, 32, 33 Intermediate film 40 Shielding layer 60 Spacer PT pattern Rm Main area Rp Peripheral area

Claims (15)

1. A transparent plate laminate that can be attached to the opening of an automobile.
   It is provided with a transparent plate and two or more printing layers separated in the thickness direction.
   It has a peripheral region that is a region from 30 mm to 500 mm from the edge of the transparent plate laminate, and a main region that is an inner region of the peripheral region.
   The printing layer is a transparent plate laminate formed in the main region.
2. The transparent plate laminate according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the two or more printing layers in the thickness direction is 0.3 mm or more.
3. The transparent plate laminate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the printed layer is 100 μm or less.
4. The transparent plate laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the area of the portion where the print layer is formed is 30% or more of the area of the transparent plate laminate.
5. The transparent plate lamination according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ratio of the area of the printing layer to the area of the main area is 10% or more in any of the main areas of 100 mm × 100 mm. body.
6. The transparent plate laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transparent plate laminate is laminated glass.
7. The transparent plate laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the transparent plate laminate is an automobile roof glass.
8. The two or more print layers have a first print layer and a second print layer.
   The transparent plate laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first print layer and the second print layer overlap at least a part in a plan view.
9. The first print layer has a plurality of first print small portions.
   The second print layer has a plurality of second print small portions.
   The transparent plate laminate according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of first print small portions and the plurality of second print small portions do not overlap or partially overlap in a plan view.
10. The transparent plate laminate according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of first printed small portions and the plurality of second printed small portions have different visible light transmittances.
11. In the range of 0 ° to 90 ° from the normal direction at any point on the transparent plate laminate to the front-rear direction of the automobile.
    The irradiance ratio at the first incident angle φ1 is _RE1 ,
    When the irradiance ratio was R _E2 at the second incident angle .phi.2,
    0 ° <φ1 <φ2 <90 ° and _R E1 _<there is the first incident angle .phi.1 and the second incident angle .phi.2 satisfying _{R E2,} transparent according to any one of claims 1 to 10 Plate laminate.
12. In the range of 0 ° to 90 ° from the normal direction at any point on the transparent plate laminate to the front-rear direction of the automobile.
    When the irradiance ratio was R _E3 in the third incident angle .phi.3,
    There are the first incident angle φ1, the second incident angle φ2, and the third incident angle φ3 that satisfy 0 ° <φ1 <φ2 <φ3 <90 °, R _E1 <RE ₂ and R _{E 2} > R _E3. The transparent plate laminate according to claim 11.
13. The transparent plate laminate according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the second incident angle φ2 satisfies 0 ° <φ2 ≦ 70 °.
14. In the range of 0 ° to 90 ° from the normal direction at any point on the transparent plate laminate to the front-rear direction of the automobile.
    The transparent plate laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the minimum value of the irradiance ratio is 10% or more and the maximum value is 70% or less.
15. A transparent plate laminated structure for automobiles, comprising the transparent plate laminated body according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and a holding member on the peripheral edge of the transparent plate laminated body.

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