WO2021106343A1 - バッテリー熱交換構造 - Google Patents

バッテリー熱交換構造 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021106343A1
WO2021106343A1 PCT/JP2020/036224 JP2020036224W WO2021106343A1 WO 2021106343 A1 WO2021106343 A1 WO 2021106343A1 JP 2020036224 W JP2020036224 W JP 2020036224W WO 2021106343 A1 WO2021106343 A1 WO 2021106343A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
battery
heat
fluid
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/036224
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
中村圭介
池増竜帆
Original Assignee
三恵技研工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三恵技研工業株式会社 filed Critical 三恵技研工業株式会社
Priority to CN202080079977.0A priority Critical patent/CN114730937A/zh
Priority to US17/775,154 priority patent/US20220393260A1/en
Publication of WO2021106343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021106343A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery heat exchange structure that exchanges heat with a battery of an electric vehicle or the like.
  • a refrigerant circuit for extracting heat from the battery is provided, heat is transferred through the refrigerant, and the transferred heat is supplied to an air conditioner.
  • the battery has a problem that the output voltage is lowered and the discharge capacity is lowered when the external environment is low due to a cold season or a cold region, and the battery performance is temporarily lowered. On the other hand, the battery remains in a high temperature state. Then, another problem arises that the permanent performance of the battery is significantly deteriorated and the life of the battery is shortened. Therefore, a structure capable of controlling the temperature of the battery within an appropriate temperature range is also required.
  • the present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and provides a battery heat exchange structure capable of increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange panel and the battery cell and improving the stability of heat exchange.
  • the purpose is to do.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery heat exchange structure that enables the temperature of the battery to be controlled in an appropriate temperature range when necessary.
  • the battery cell and the heat exchange panel are closely juxtaposed so that the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel is aligned with the side surface of the battery cell, and the heat exchange panel is the heat exchange.
  • the heat exchange fluid is formed so as to be able to recirculate along the surface, and is elastically urged so as to be compressed in the direction in which the heat exchange panel and the battery cell are juxtaposed. .. According to this, by bringing the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel into close contact with the side surface of the required battery cell, the heat exchange fluid of the heat exchange panel and the battery cell can be brought into close contact with each other with high heat exchange efficiency. Heat exchange can be performed.
  • the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid of the heat exchange panel and the battery cell is further enhanced.
  • the stability of heat exchange can be improved.
  • the heat exchange panel and the battery cell are pressed in the juxtaposed direction following the thermal expansion of the battery and the contraction when the temperature drops. Can be secured.
  • the elastic urging of the heat exchange panel and the battery cell in the juxtaposed direction absorbs the amount of expansion of the battery during thermal expansion, prevents damage to the heat exchange structure due to an increase in internal pressure, and improves safety. ..
  • the battery cell and the heat exchange panel are in close contact with each other between one holding plate provided at one end in the juxtaposed direction and the other holding plate provided at the other end.
  • the heat exchange panels are juxtaposed and urged with an elastic material from the outside of one of the holding plates or from both outsides of both holding plates so that a compressive force is applied substantially evenly to the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel. It is characterized by being. According to this, the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel can be pressed substantially evenly against the side surface of the battery cell via the holding plate, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid of the heat exchange panel and the battery cell. Can be further enhanced, and the stability of heat exchange can be further enhanced.
  • a part of the fluid supply pipe that supplies the heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange panel and a part of the fluid discharge pipe that discharges the heat exchange fluid from the heat exchange panel are described above.
  • a plurality of heat exchange fluids supplied in the fluid supply pipe are distributed and recirculated to each of the juxtaposed heat exchange panels, and the fluid is discharged from each of the heat exchange panels. It is characterized in that it is discharged so as to be collected in a tube.
  • the inflow of the fluid for heat exchange into the plurality of heat exchange panels and the heat from the plurality of heat exchange panels are provided only by providing the parts and parts for branching the fluid supply pipe and the fluid discharge pipe corresponding to the main pipe.
  • the replacement fluid can be configured to flow out, the number of parts can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the efficiency of the assembly process can be improved.
  • the battery heat exchange structure of the present invention is characterized in that the portion of the fluid supply pipe between the heat exchange panels and the portion of the fluid discharge pipe between the heat exchange panels are formed of elastic tubes. To do. According to this, when the fluid supply pipe part and the fluid discharge pipe part are provided following the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell and the heat exchange panel, the elastic tube expands and follows when the battery cell thermally expands due to heat generation. However, since the elastic pipe is elastically restored in response to the convergence of the thermal expansion, the fluid supply pipe and the fluid discharge pipe can also absorb the thermal expansion.
  • the battery heat exchange structure of the present invention is characterized in that a battery body composed of the battery cell and the heat exchange panel and a support portion for supporting the battery body are housed in a heat insulating container. According to this, the influence of the temperature of the external environment on the battery can be reduced. In other words, it is possible to prevent temporary deterioration of battery performance such as decrease in battery output voltage and decrease in discharge capacity that occur when the external environment is low temperature, and permanent battery performance that occurs when the external environment is high temperature. Deterioration and shortening of life can be prevented. Further, when the battery body is equipped with a protection circuit that regulates the output at a very high temperature, it is possible to prevent the protection circuit from operating unintentionally at a very high temperature in the summer. Further, while reducing the influence of the temperature of the external environment, the temperature of the battery can be controlled within an appropriate temperature range when necessary by the recirculation of the heat exchange fluid.
  • the heat insulating container is composed of a heat insulating container main body in which a heat insulating space is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall, and a heat insulating lid in which a heat insulating space is provided between the inner lid and the outer lid.
  • the double-walled heat-insulating container is characterized in that the battery body is arranged apart from the inner wall of the heat-insulating container body and the inner lid of the heat-insulating lid. According to this, it is possible to adapt to both the case where the external environment is extremely low temperature and the case where the external environment is extremely high temperature, and it is possible to reduce the influence of the temperature of the external environment on the battery as much as possible.
  • a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery cell is provided close to the battery cell, and the heat exchange fluid control unit heat exchanges the required temperature according to the detection temperature of the temperature sensor. It is characterized by supplying a fluid for use. According to this, the heat exchange fluid at the required temperature can be circulated according to the detection temperature of the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the battery can be automatically controlled within an appropriate temperature range.
  • the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange panel and the battery cell can be improved, and the stability of heat exchange can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal explanatory view of a heat exchange panel in the battery heat exchange structure of the embodiment.
  • the block diagram which shows the battery heat exchange structure and the control structure of the heat exchange fluid of an embodiment.
  • the battery heat exchange structure of the embodiment according to the present invention is housed in a double-walled heat insulating container 1 composed of a heat insulating container main body 2 and a heat insulating lid 3, and a heat insulating container 1.
  • the battery body 4 is provided. In the battery body 4, heat exchange is performed between the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange fluid F flowing through the heat exchange panel 42, as will be described later.
  • the heat insulating container main body 2 is formed in a substantially rectangular box shape with the upper surface open, and is a double wall of a substantially rectangular box-shaped inner wall 21 with the upper surface open and a substantially rectangular box-shaped outer wall 22 with the upper surface open.
  • the bottom portion 211 of the inner wall 21 and the bottom portion 221 of the outer wall 22, the peripheral side portion 212 of the inner wall 21 and the peripheral side portion 222 of the outer wall 22 are arranged apart from each other, and a heat insulating space S1 is provided between the inner wall 21 and the outer wall 22. ing.
  • the heat insulating space S1 is preferably a vacuumed decompression space, but it can also be an air layer, and the heat insulating space S1 of the present embodiment is hollow but solid in the heat insulating space S1. It is also possible to fill and provide the heat insulating material of.
  • a flat flange 213 protruding outward is formed at the upper end of the peripheral side portion 212 of the inner wall 21, and a flat flange 223 protruding outward is formed at the upper end of the peripheral side portion 22 of the outer wall 22.
  • the flanges 213 are stacked so as to be placed on the flange 223 so that the ends of the inner wall 21 and the outer wall 22 are sealed, and the flanges 213 are fixed by welding or the like at the overlapped portion, thereby forming a flat flange on the container side. 23 is formed.
  • the heat insulating lid 3 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and has a double wall of a thin dish-shaped inner lid 31 whose center is recessed from the peripheral edge and a flat plate-shaped outer lid 32.
  • the inner lid 31 has a substrate 311 and an upright portion 312 that stands around the substrate 311 and a flange 313 that projects outward from the upper end of the upright portion 312. Then, the substrate 311 of the inner lid 31 and the outer lid 32 are arranged apart from each other, and the heat insulating space S2 is provided between the substrate 311 of the inner lid 31 and the outer lid 32, in other words, between the inner lid 31 and the outer lid 32. Is provided.
  • the heat insulating space S2 is also preferably a vacuumed decompression space, but it can also be an air layer, and the heat insulating space S2 of the present embodiment is hollow but solid in the heat insulating space S2. It is also possible to fill and provide the heat insulating material of.
  • the outer lid 32 is stacked so as to be placed on the flange 313 of the inner lid 31. Then, the end portions of the inner lid 31 and the outer lid 32 are sealed, and the outer lid 32 is fixed to the flange 313 of the inner lid 31 by welding or the like so that the lid-side flat flange 33 is formed. It is formed.
  • the heat insulating container 1 has a plane area equal to or larger than the container side flat flange 23 of the heat insulating lid 3 on the upper surface of the container side flat flange 23 having a plane area larger than the plane area of the upper end position of the heat insulating space S1 of the heat insulating container main body 2.
  • the lower surface of the lid-side flat flange 33 is placed and stacked, and the heat insulating lid 3 is closed so as to engage with the heat insulating container body 2.
  • the container-side flat flange 23 and the lid-side flat flange 33 which are stacked in a state where the plane contact area is larger than the plane area at the upper end position of the heat insulating space S1, are detachably fixed by fixing members such as bolts and nuts (not shown). To.
  • the outer peripheral dimensions of the substrate 311 and the upright portion 312 of the inner lid 31 of the heat insulating lid 3 are formed to be slightly smaller than the inner peripheral dimension of the upper end position of the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container main body 2.
  • the substrate 311 of the inner lid 31 of the heat insulating lid 3 and the standing portion 312 are fitted or loosely fitted inside the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container body 2, and the heat insulating lid 3 engages with the heat insulating container body 2. Will be done.
  • the battery body 4 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells 41 provided side by side at predetermined intervals, and heat exchange panels 42 provided on both sides of each battery cell 41 in the juxtaposed direction and circulating a heat exchange fluid F. It has a laminated structure in which the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 are closely and alternately laminated. In the battery body 4, the battery cells 41 and the heat exchange panels 42 are closely and alternately arranged side by side so that the heat exchange surface 421 of the heat exchange panel 42 is aligned with the side surface 411 of the battery cell 41.
  • Holding plates 51 and 52 are provided on the outside of the heat exchange panels 42 and 42 located at both ends in the direction in which the battery cell 41 of the battery body 4 and the heat exchange panel 42 are juxtaposed. In other words, heat exchange with the battery cell 41 between the one holding plate 51 provided at one end of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 in the juxtaposed direction and the other holding plate 52 provided at the other end.
  • the panels 42 are closely and alternately juxtaposed.
  • the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 are installed in the heat insulating container 1 so as to be sandwiched between the sandwiching plates 51 and 52.
  • a side portion of a substantially L-shaped support stay 61 is arranged adjacent to the outside of one holding plate 51 in the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42, and the lower part of the support stay 61 is a heat insulating container main body. It is engaged with a heat insulating material 62 such as a heat insulating rubber having a substantially U-shape in cross section fixed to the bottom portion 211 of the inner wall 21 of No. 2, and is fixed to the heat insulating material 62 by tightening the bolt 63. That is, the battery body 4 sandwiched between the sandwiching plates 51 and 52 is installed via the heat insulating material 62 fixed to the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container main body 2.
  • a heat insulating material 62 such as a heat insulating rubber having a substantially U-shape in cross section fixed to the bottom portion 211 of the inner wall 21 of No. 2
  • the support stay 61, the heat insulating material 62, and the bolt 63 are arranged near both ends of one of the holding plates 51 in a direction orthogonal to the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 in the plan view of the heat insulating container 1. There is.
  • a substantially L-shaped support stay 71 On the outside of the other holding plate 52 in the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42, side portions of a substantially L-shaped support stay 71 are arranged at intervals from the holding plate 52, and the support stay 71
  • the lower part is also engaged with a heat insulating material 72 such as a heat insulating rubber having a substantially U-shaped cross section fixed to the bottom 211 of the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container main body 2, and is fixed to the heat insulating material 72 by tightening the bolts 73. That is, the battery body 4 sandwiched between the sandwiching plates 51 and 52 is installed via the heat insulating material 72 fixed to the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container main body 2.
  • the support stay 71, the heat insulating material 72, and the bolt 73 are arranged at positions corresponding to both ends of the other holding plate 52 in a direction orthogonal to the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 in the plan view of the heat insulating container 1. It is installed.
  • a shaft bolt 81 is provided so as to penetrate the support stay 61, the holding plate 51, the holding plate 52, and the support stay 71.
  • the shaft bolts 81 are provided on both sides of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 in the direction orthogonal to the juxtaposition direction, and in the illustrated example, the shaft bolts 81 are provided at three locations in the vertical direction, for a total of six locations. Is provided with a shaft bolt 81.
  • a nut 82 is screwed into the shaft bolt 81 in close contact with the support stay 61 on the outside of the support stay 61, and a nut 83 is screwed in close contact with the support stay 71 on the outside of the support stay 71 to support the shaft bolt 81.
  • a nut 84 is screwed inside the stay 71 in close contact with the support stay 71.
  • a washer 85 is arranged on the holding plate 52 side of the nut 84.
  • a coil spring 86 is provided as an elastic material between the washer 85 and the holding plate 52, and the coil spring 86 is extrapolated to the outer periphery of the shaft bolt 81.
  • the coil spring 86 presses and urges the holding plate 52 in the direction of the holding plate 51 by elastic restoration, and due to this urging force, the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 are closely alternated between the holding plate 51 and the holding plate 52.
  • the battery body 4 stacked on the surface is sandwiched. In other words, the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 are elastically urged so as to be compressed in the juxtaposed direction.
  • the coil spring 86 in the present embodiment has a position corresponding to the vicinity of the four corners of the substantially rectangular holding plates 51 and 52 and the substantially rectangular heat exchange panel 42 provided so as to correspond to the positions of the four corners. A plurality of them are provided corresponding to substantially intermediate positions near the four corners, and are arranged at intervals with respect to the heat exchange surface 421 of the heat exchange panel 42 in a well-balanced manner. Then, the battery cells 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 are arranged side by side so that the compressive force is applied substantially evenly to the heat exchange surface 421 of the heat exchange panel 42 by the plurality of coil springs 86 arranged at intervals in a well-balanced manner. Is urged. Further, the coil spring 86 also has a function of absorbing the amount of expansion due to thermal expansion by contraction deformation while maintaining the holding state of the battery body 4 when the battery cell 41 thermally expands due to heat generation.
  • an elastic coil spring 86 is provided on the outside of the other holding plate 52 as the outside of one holding plate, and the battery cells 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 arranged side by side are urged.
  • An elastic coil spring 86 may be provided on the outside of one of the holding plates 51 on the side to urge the arranged battery cells 41 and the heat exchange panel 42, or both of the holding plates 51 and 52.
  • a coil spring 86 made of an elastic material may be provided on the outside, and the battery cells 41 arranged side by side and the heat exchange panel 42 may be urged. Further, as the elastic material for urging the juxtaposed battery cells 41 and the heat exchange panel 42, a spring material, a rubber material, or the like other than the coil spring 86 can be appropriately used.
  • a battery body 4 composed of a battery cell 41 and a heat exchange panel 42, and holding plates 51, 52, support stays 61, 71, heat insulating materials 62, 72, bolts 63, 73 corresponding to support portions supporting the battery body 4.
  • the shaft bolt 81, the nuts 82, 83, 84, the washer 85, and the coil spring 86 are housed in the heat insulating container 1.
  • the battery body 4 supported by the urging of the coil spring 86 and the holding of the holding plates 51 and 52 is arranged apart from the inner wall 21 of the heat insulating container main body 2 and the inner lid 31 of the heat insulating lid 3 to insulate.
  • a heat insulating space S3 is also formed inside the container 1.
  • a fluid supply pipe 91 for supplying the heat exchange fluid F to the heat exchange panel 42 and a fluid discharge pipe 92 for discharging the heat exchange fluid F from the heat exchange panel 42 are provided. , It is provided so as to penetrate the inner wall 21 and the outer wall 22 of the heat insulating container main body 2. A portion of the fluid supply pipe 91 arranged in the heat insulating container 1 corresponding to a part of the fluid supply pipe 91, and a fluid discharge pipe 92 arranged in the heat insulating container 1 corresponding to a part of the fluid discharge pipe 92. Is arranged so as to follow the juxtaposition direction of the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42, and is provided in parallel with the juxtaposition direction.
  • the fluid supply pipe 91 includes a fluid introduction pipe 911, a connecting pipe 912 composed of an elastic pipe such as a rubber tube that can be elastically restored and extended, and a protruding pipe 913 protruding from the inflow port of the heat exchange panel 42 in the panel normal direction. It is composed of and.
  • the fluid introduction pipe 911 is composed of an elastic pipe that can be elastically restored and stretched, such as a rubber tube, and is externally attached to the protruding pipe 913 of the heat exchange panel 42 that is arranged at the closest position.
  • the protruding pipes 913 and 913 of the juxtaposed heat exchange panels 42 and 42 are connected to each other via the connecting pipe 912, and both ends of the connecting pipe 912 are externally attached to the protruding pipe 913, respectively.
  • the portion of the fluid supply pipe 91 between the heat exchange panels 42 and 42 is composed of the connecting pipe 912 of the elastic pipe.
  • the connecting tube 912 composed of an elastic tube elastically expands and follows when the battery cell 41 thermally expands due to heat generation, and elastically restores according to the convergence of the thermal expansion so that it can be adapted to the thermal expansion. ..
  • the fluid discharge pipe 92 includes a fluid outlet pipe 921, a connecting pipe 922 composed of an elastic pipe such as a rubber tube that can be elastically restored and extended, and a protruding pipe 923 that protrudes in the panel normal direction from the outlet of the heat exchange panel 42. It is composed of and.
  • the fluid lead-out pipe 921 is also composed of an elastic pipe that can be elastically restored and stretched, such as a rubber tube, and is externally attached to the protruding pipe 923 of the heat exchange panel 42 that is arranged at the closest position.
  • the protruding pipes 923 and 923 of the juxtaposed heat exchange panels 42 and 42 are connected to each other via the connecting pipe 922, and both ends of the connecting pipe 922 are externally attached to the protruding pipe 923, respectively. That is, the portion of the fluid discharge pipe 92 between the heat exchange panels 42 and 42 is composed of the connecting pipe 922 of the elastic pipe.
  • the connecting tube 922 composed of an elastic tube elastically expands and follows when the battery cell 41 thermally expands due to heat generation, and elastically restores according to the convergence of the thermal expansion so that it can be adapted to the thermal expansion. ..
  • the heat exchange fluid F such as cooling water supplied by the fluid supply pipe 91 flows into each heat exchange panel 42 from the inflow port 422 communicating with the projecting pipe 913 and is distributed.
  • the heat exchange fluid F is circulated in the heat exchange panel 42 along the heat exchange surface 421, and is collected in the fluid discharge pipe 92 from the outflow port 423 communicating with the protruding pipe 923 of each heat exchange panel 42. Is discharged to the outside through the fluid discharge pipe 92.
  • the heat exchange panel 42 is provided with partitions 424 and 425 that form a flow path for circulating the heat exchange fluid F along substantially the entire heat exchange surface 421 along the heat exchange surface 421. Since the heat exchange fluid F flows along the flow path of the 425, the heat exchangeability between the heat exchange fluid F flowing through the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 is enhanced.
  • the heat exchange panel 42 is, for example, a thin panel having a thickness of 4 mm or less, the installation space can be saved, which is good.
  • the heat insulating container main body 2 is provided with a plurality of penetrating portions 24 formed by fixing a short tube or the like so as to maintain a closed state of the heat insulating space S1 between the inner wall 21 and the outer wall 22.
  • a fluid supply pipe 91 and a fluid introduction pipe 911 are provided through each of the penetrating portions 24.
  • the fluid supply pipe 91 and the fluid discharge pipe 92 communicate with each other inside and outside the heat insulating container 1 through the penetrating portion 24.
  • a substantially concave cap 10 is fixed to the outer surface of the heat insulating container 1 with the concave side facing the outer surface of the heat insulating container 1, and in this embodiment, welded to the outer surface of the outer wall 22 of the heat insulating container main body 2. It is fixed by such as.
  • An insertion hole 101 is formed in the cap 10 substantially in the center, and a fluid introduction pipe 911 and a fluid outlet pipe 921 are inserted into the insertion hole 101.
  • the bowl-shaped cap 10 in the illustrated example there is a heat insulating space S4 surrounded by the cap 10, the outer surface of the outer wall 22, and the outer surface of the fluid introduction pipe 911 or the fluid outlet pipe 921.
  • the heat exchange fluid F of the heat exchange panel 42 is brought into close contact with the side surface 411 of each battery cell 41 so as to be aligned with the heat exchange surface 421 of the heat exchange panel 42.
  • Heat exchange can be performed between the battery cell 41 and the battery cell 41 with high heat exchange efficiency.
  • by elastically urging the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 so as to compress and press them in the juxtaposed direction heat exchange between the heat exchange fluid F of the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 is performed. The efficiency can be further improved and the stability of heat exchange can be improved.
  • the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 are moved in the juxtaposed direction in accordance with the thermal expansion of the battery and the contraction when the temperature drops. It is possible to secure a pressing state.
  • the elastic urging of the heat exchange panel 42 and the battery cell 41 in the juxtaposition direction absorbs the amount of expansion of the battery during thermal expansion, prevents damage to the heat exchange structure due to an increase in internal pressure, and improves safety. Can be done.
  • the heat exchange surface 421 of the heat exchange panel 42 can be pressed substantially evenly against the side surface 411 of the battery cell 41 via the holding plates 51 and 52 by the urging of the coil spring 86, and the heat exchange of the heat exchange panel 42 can be performed.
  • the heat exchange efficiency between the fluid F and the battery cell 41 can be further improved, and the stability of heat exchange can be further improved.
  • the fluid supply pipe 91 and the fluid discharge pipe 92 are provided.
  • the configuration is such that the heat exchange fluid F flows into the plurality of heat exchange panels 42 and the heat exchange fluid F flows out from the plurality of heat exchange panels 42 simply by providing a portion or a component for branching the 92. It is possible to reduce the number of members, reduce the manufacturing cost, and improve the efficiency of the assembly process.
  • connection pipe 912 of the elastic pipe corresponding to the portion of the fluid supply pipe 91 between the heat exchange panels 42 and 42 and the elastic pipe corresponding to the portion of the fluid discharge pipe 92 between the heat exchange panels 42 and 42 are connected. Due to the configuration of the tube 922, when the battery cell 41 thermally expands due to heat generation, the elastic tube expands and follows, and the elastic tube can be elastically restored according to the convergence of the thermal expansion. The tube 92 can absorb the thermal expansion.
  • the influence of the temperature of the external environment on the battery can be reduced. it can.
  • temporary deterioration of battery performance such as decrease in battery output voltage and decrease in discharge capacity that occur when the external environment is low temperature, and permanent battery performance that occurs when the external environment is high temperature. Deterioration and shortening of life can be prevented.
  • the battery body 4 is equipped with a protection circuit that regulates the output at a very high temperature, it is possible to prevent the protection circuit from operating unintentionally at a very high temperature in the summer.
  • the heat insulating container 1 provided with the heat insulating spaces S1 and S2 is provided, and the battery body 4 is housed in the heat insulating container 1 at a distance from the heat insulating container 1, so that these effects are further enhanced. There is.
  • the recirculation of the heat exchange fluid F can control the battery temperature within an appropriate temperature range when necessary.
  • the low temperature heat exchange fluid F is passed through the fluid supply pipe 91, each heat exchange panel 42, and the fluid discharge pipe 92 to exchange heat, and the battery cell 41 is subjected to heat exchange.
  • the temperature can be lowered to an appropriate temperature range to prevent permanent deterioration of battery performance and shortening of life, and when the battery cell 41 is in a low temperature state, a high temperature heat exchange fluid F is used as a fluid.
  • the heat is exchanged by flowing through the supply pipe 91, each heat exchange panel 42, and the fluid discharge pipe 92 to raise the temperature of the battery cell 41 to an appropriate temperature range, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in output voltage and a decrease in discharge capacity.
  • the temperature of the battery cell 41 in the low temperature state is raised to an appropriate temperature range, the temperature can be raised without using the heating of the heater that uses the electric power of the battery. Therefore, for example, the cruising range of the automobile can be reduced. It is possible to prevent it.
  • the heat recovered through the heat exchange fluid F in the heat exchange between the battery cell 41 in the high temperature state and the heat exchange fluid F requires a battery or other heat when necessary by a heat storage device or the like separately provided. It is also possible to supply at the place where.
  • the heat insulating container in which the battery cell and the heat exchange panel in the present invention are housed is preferably the heat insulating container 1 of the above embodiment, but it can also be housed in a heat insulating container other than the heat insulating container 1 of the above embodiment. is there.
  • the present invention also includes a configuration in which the battery cell and the heat exchange panel in the present invention are not housed in the heat insulating container.
  • the shape and number of the penetrating portions 24 provided in the double wall of the heat insulating container 1 with the heat insulating spaces S1 and S2 closed are appropriate.
  • the penetrating portion 24 through which the battery cable is passed and the fluid supply pipe 91 are provided.
  • the penetrating portion 24 through which the fluid discharge pipe 92 is passed and the penetrating portion 24 through which the fluid discharge pipe 92 is passed may be provided individually, or the battery cable and the fluid supply pipe 91 or the fluid discharge pipe 92 may be provided in one through hole 24. It is also possible to have a configuration in which both of the above are passed.
  • any fluid other than cooling water is appropriate, and a low-temperature liquid or gas, a high-temperature liquid or gas, or both can be appropriately used as needed.
  • a temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature of the battery cell 41 of the battery heat exchange structure 100 is provided close to the battery cell 41 to detect the temperature sensor 11. It is also preferable that the heat exchange fluid control unit 12 supplies the heat exchange fluid F at the required temperature of the heat exchange fluid storage unit 13 according to the temperature. As a result, the heat exchange fluid F having a required temperature can be recirculated according to the detection temperature of the temperature sensor 11, and the battery temperature can be automatically controlled within an appropriate temperature range.
  • the communication between the heat exchange fluid control unit 12 and the temperature sensor 11 can be performed by wired communication or wireless communication by a cable provided through the through hole 24 or the like.
  • the battery heat exchange structure of the present invention is not limited to a configuration in which the battery cell 41 and the heat exchange panel 42 of the above embodiment are closely arranged alternately, and the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel is on the side surface of the battery cell. It is included if the battery cell and the heat exchange panel are closely juxtaposed so as to be aligned with each other.
  • the battery cells and the heat exchange panels may be arranged side by side so that the heat exchange surfaces of the heat exchange panels are aligned with the side surfaces of one or both battery cells at every other place between the battery cells. It is good that the required heat exchange property can be obtained.
  • one or two places or three places among the whole places between the plurality of battery cells one place or a small number of places such as three places less than the places between the plurality of battery cells. Even if the battery cell and the heat exchange panel are placed side by side so that the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange panel is aligned with the side surface of both battery cells, it is possible to reduce the cost and the weight of the heat exchange fluid. It is good to be able to do it.
  • the present invention can be used, for example, when exchanging heat with a battery of an electric vehicle or the like.

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Abstract

電池セル４１の側面４１１に熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１を沿わせるようにして電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が密接して並置され、熱交換パネル４２が熱交換面４２１に沿って熱交換用流体Ｆを環流可能に形成され、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１が並置される方向に圧縮されるように弾性的に付勢されて設けられているバッテリー熱交換構造。熱交換パネルと電池セルとの間の熱交換効率を高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性を高めることができるバッテリー熱交換構造を提供する。

Description

バッテリー熱交換構造
　本発明は、電気自動車等のバッテリーに対して熱交換を行うバッテリー熱交換構造に関する。
　従来、自動車のバッテリーに対して熱交換を行うものとして、バッテリーの熱を取り出すための冷媒回路を設け、冷媒を介して熱を移送し、移送した熱を空調装置に供給するものが知られている（特許文献１、２参照）。
特開２０１１－２３０６４８号公報 特開２０１５－１８２４８７号公報
　ところで、特許文献１、２のように熱の有効利用を図る等の目的でバッテリーの熱を取り出して効率的に回収するためには、熱交換効率の高い熱交換構造をバッテリーに設置することが必要となる。
　また、バッテリーは、寒冷時期や寒冷地による外部環境の低温時には、出力電圧の低下や放電容量の低下が生じて一時的にバッテリー性能が低下するという問題を生じ、他方でバッテリーは高温状態が持続すると格段にバッテリーの恒久的な性能が劣化してバッテリーの寿命が短くなるという別の問題を生ずるため、バッテリーの温度を適温範囲に制御可能な構造も求められている。
　本発明は上記課題に鑑み提案するものであって、熱交換パネルと電池セルとの間の熱交換効率を高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性を高めることができるバッテリー熱交換構造を提供することを目的とする。また、本発明の他の目的は、必要時にバッテリーの温度を適温範囲に制御することを可能にするバッテリー熱交換構造を提供することにある。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルが密接して並置され、前記熱交換パネルが前記熱交換面に沿って熱交換用流体を環流可能に形成され、前記熱交換パネルと前記電池セルが並置される方向に圧縮されるように弾性的に付勢されて設けられていることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、所要の電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして密接させることにより、熱交換パネルの熱交換用流体と電池セルとの間で高い熱交換効率で熱交換を行うことができる。更に、熱交換パネルと電池セルを並置方向に圧縮して押し当てるように弾性的に付勢することにより、熱交換パネルの熱交換用流体と電池セルとの間の熱交換効率を一層高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性を高めることができる。また、熱交換パネルと電池セルを並置方向に弾性的に付勢することにより、バッテリーの熱膨張や温度低下時の収縮に追随して、熱交換パネルと電池セルを並置方向に押し当てる状態を確保することができる。また、熱交換パネルと電池セルの並置方向における弾性的な付勢でバッテリーの熱膨張時の膨張量を吸収し、熱交換構造の内圧上昇による破損を防止し、安全性を向上することができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記並置される方向の一方の端に設けられる一方の挟持板と他方の端に設けられる他方の挟持板との間で前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルが密接して並置され、前記熱交換パネルの前記熱交換面に略均等に圧縮力が加わるようにして一の前記挟持板の外側から若しくは双方の前記挟持板の両外側から弾性材で付勢されていることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、挟持板を介して熱交換パネルの熱交換面を電池セルの側面に略均等に押し当てることができ、熱交換パネルの熱交換用流体と電池セルとの間の熱交換効率をより一層高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性をより一層高めることができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記熱交換パネルに熱交換用流体を供給する流体供給管の一部と、前記熱交換パネルから熱交換用流体を排出する流体排出管の一部が、前記並置される方向に倣って設けられ、前記流体供給管で供給される熱交換用流体が複数並置されたそれぞれの前記熱交換パネルに分配されて環流し、それぞれの前記熱交換パネルから前記流体排出管に集めるように排出されることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、本管に相当する流体供給管や流体排出管を分岐する部分や部品を設けるだけで、複数の熱交換パネルへの熱交換用流体の流入、複数の熱交換パネルからの熱交換用流体の流出を行う構成とすることができ、部品点数を減らして製造コストを低減し、組立工程の効率化を図ることができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記熱交換パネル相互間の前記流体供給管の部分と、前記熱交換パネル相互間の前記流体排出管の部分とが弾性管で構成されていることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、流体供給管の部分と流体排出管の部分を電池セルと熱交換パネルの並置方向に倣って設ける場合に、電池セルが発熱で熱膨張した際に弾性管が伸長して追随し、熱膨張の収束に応じて弾性管が弾性復元することで、流体供給管と流体排出管でも熱膨張を吸収することができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルで構成されるバッテリー体と、前記バッテリー体を支持する支持部が断熱容器に収容されていることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、バッテリーに対する外部環境の温度の影響を低減することができる。換言すれば、外部環境が低温時に生ずるバッテリーの出力電圧の低下や放電容量の低下のようなバッテリーの一時的な性能の低下を防止することができると共に、外部環境が高温時に生ずるバッテリー性能の恒久的な劣化、寿命の短命化を防止することができる。また、バッテリー体に非常に高温時に出力規制する保護回路が搭載されている場合、夏場の非常な高温時等に意図しない保護回路の作動を防止することができる。また、外部環境の温度の影響を低減しつつ、熱交換用流体の環流で必要時にバッテリーの温度を適温範囲に制御することができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記断熱容器が、内壁と外壁との間に断熱空間が設けられる断熱容器本体と、内蓋と外蓋との間に断熱空間が設けられる断熱蓋体で構成される二重壁の断熱容器であり、前記バッテリー体が、前記断熱容器本体の前記内壁及び前記断熱蓋体の前記内蓋から離間して配置されていることを特徴とする。
　これによれば、外聞環境が非常に低温である場合と非常に高温である場合の双方に適応し、バッテリーに対する外部環境の温度の影響を極力低減することができる。換言すれば、外部環境が低温時に生ずるバッテリーの出力電圧の低下や放電容量の低下のようなバッテリーの一時的な性能の低下を確実に防止することができると共に、外部環境が高温時に生ずるバッテリー性能の恒久的な劣化、寿命の短命化を確実に防止することができる。また、バッテリー体に非常に高温時に出力規制する保護回路が搭載されている場合、夏場の非常な高温時等に意図しない保護回路の作動を確実に防止することができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、前記電池セルの温度を検出する温度センサーを前記電池セルに近接して設け、前記温度センサーの検出温度に応じて熱交換用流体制御部が所要温度の熱交換用流体を供給することを特徴とする。
　これによれば、温度センサーの検出温度に応じて必要時に必要な温度の熱交換用流体を環流させ、バッテリーの温度を適温範囲に自動的に制御することができる。
　本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造によれば、熱交換パネルと電池セルとの間の熱交換効率を高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性を高めることができる。
本発明による実施形態のバッテリー断熱構造の平面図。 図１のＡ－Ａ拡大断面図。 図２のＢ－Ｂ部分の拡大図。 図３のＣ部の拡大図。 実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造における熱交換パネルの縦断説明図。 実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造と熱交換用流体の制御構成を示すブロック図。
　〔実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造〕
　本発明による実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造は、図１～図４に示すように、断熱容器本体２と断熱蓋体３で構成される二重壁の断熱容器１と、断熱容器１に収容されるバッテリー体４を備える。バッテリー体４では、後述するように、電池セル４１と、熱交換パネル４２に流れる熱交換用流体Ｆとの間で熱交換が行なわれる。
　断熱容器本体２は、上面開放で略矩形箱型で形成され、上面開放で略矩形箱型の内壁２１と上面開放で略矩形箱型の外壁２２の二重壁になっている。内壁２１の底部２１１と外壁２２の底部２２１、内壁２１の周側部２１２と外壁２２の周側部２２２はそれぞれ離間して配置され、内壁２１と外壁２２との間に断熱空間Ｓ１が設けられている。断熱空間Ｓ１は真空引きされた減圧空間とする好適であるが、空気層とすることも可能であり、又、本実施形態の断熱空間Ｓ１は空洞にしているが、断熱空間Ｓ１内に固体状の断熱材を充填して設けることも可能である。
　内壁２１の周側部２１２の上端には外方に突出する平面状のフランジ２１３が形成され、外壁２２の周側部２２の上端には外方に突出する平面状のフランジ２２３が形成されている。そして、フランジ２１３をフランジ２２３上に載置するように重ねて、内壁２１と外壁２２の端部が封止されるようにして、重ねた箇所で溶接等で固着することにより、容器側平面フランジ２３が形成されている。
　断熱蓋体３は、略平板状で形成され、中央が周縁より凹んだ薄皿形状の内蓋３１と、平板状の外蓋３２の二重壁になっている。内蓋３１は、基板３１１と、基板３１１の周囲で起立する起立部３１２と、起立部３１２の上端から外方に突出するフランジ３１３を有する。そして、内蓋３１の基板３１１と外蓋３２が離間して配置され、内蓋３１の基板３１１と外蓋３２との間、換言すれば内蓋３１と外蓋３２との間に断熱空間Ｓ２が設けられている。断熱空間Ｓ２も真空引きされた減圧空間とする好適であるが、空気層とすることも可能であり、又、本実施形態の断熱空間Ｓ２は空洞にしているが、断熱空間Ｓ２内に固体状の断熱材を充填して設けることも可能である。
　外蓋３２は、内蓋３１のフランジ３１３上に載置するように重ねて設けられている。そして、内蓋３１と外蓋３２の端部が封止されるようにして、外蓋３２を内蓋３１のフランジ３１３に重ねた箇所で溶接等で固着することにより、蓋側平面フランジ３３が形成されている。
　断熱容器１は、断熱容器本体２の断熱空間Ｓ１の上端位置の平面面積よりも平面面積が大きい容器側平面フランジ２３の上面に、断熱蓋体３の容器側平面フランジ２３以上の平面面積を有する蓋側平面フランジ３３の下面を載置して重ね、断熱蓋体３を断熱容器本体２に係合するようにして閉塞される。断熱空間Ｓ１の上端位置の平面面積よりも平面接触面積が大きい状態で重ねられた容器側平面フランジ２３と蓋側平面フランジ３３は、図示省略するボルトとナット等の固定部材で着脱可能に固着される。
　このように断熱容器本体２と断熱蓋体３の接触箇所における相互接触面積を大きくして断熱容器１を閉塞することで、断熱容器本体２と断熱蓋体３の接触箇所における気密性、封止性、断熱性が高められている。尚、容器側平面フランジ２３と蓋側平面フランジ３３との間にシール材を設け、容器側平面フランジ２３にシール材を介して蓋側平面フランジ３３を載置するようにしても良好である。
　また、断熱蓋体３の内蓋３１の基板３１１と起立部３１２の外周寸法は、断熱容器本体２の内壁２１の上端位置の内周寸法よりも僅かに小さく形成されており、断熱容器１の閉塞状態では、断熱蓋体３の内蓋３１の基板３１１と起立部３１２が断熱容器本体２の内壁２１の内側に嵌合或いは遊嵌されて、断熱蓋体３が断熱容器本体２に係合される。
　本実施形態におけるバッテリー体４は、所定間隔を開けて並べて設けられる複数の電池セル４１と、各電池セル４１の並置方向の両側に設けられ、熱交換用流体Ｆを流通する熱交換パネル４２を有し、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が密接して交互に積層された積層構造体になっている。そして、バッテリー体４では、電池セル４１の側面４１１に熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１を沿わせるようにして電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が密接して交互に並置されている。
　バッテリー体４の電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が並置される方向の両端に位置する熱交換パネル４２・４２のそれぞれの外側には挟持板５１、５２が設けられている。換言すれば、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向の一方の端に設けられる一方の挟持板５１と他方の端に設けられる他方の挟持板５２との間で、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２は密接して交互に並置されている。電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２は挟持板５１、５２で挟持されるようにして断熱容器１内に設置されている。
　電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向における一方の挟持板５１の外側には、略Ｌ字形の支持ステー６１の側部が隣接して配置されており、支持ステー６１の下部は断熱容器本体２の内壁２１の底部２１１に固着された断面視略Ｕ字形の断熱ゴム等の断熱材６２に係合され、ボルト６３のボルト締めで断熱材６２に固定されている。即ち、挟持板５１、５２で挟持されるバッテリー体４は、断熱容器本体２の内壁２１に固着された断熱材６２を介して設置される。支持ステー６１、断熱材６２、ボルト６３は、断熱容器１の平面視における電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向と直交する方向において、一方の挟持板５１の両端近傍にそれぞれ配設されている。
　電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向における他方の挟持板５２の外側には、略Ｌ字形の支持ステー７１の側部が挟持板５２と間隔を開けて配置されており、支持ステー７１の下部も断熱容器本体２の内壁２１の底部２１１に固着された断面視略Ｕ字形の断熱ゴム等の断熱材７２に係合され、ボルト７３のボルト締めで断熱材７２に固定されている。即ち、挟持板５１、５２で挟持されるバッテリー体４は、断熱容器本体２の内壁２１に固着された断熱材７２を介して設置される。支持ステー７１、断熱材７２、ボルト７３は、断熱容器１の平面視における電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向と直交する方向において、他方の挟持板５２の両端に対応する位置にそれぞれ配設されている。
　更に、支持ステー６１、挟持板５１、挟持板５２、支持ステー７１を貫通するようにして軸ボルト８１が設けられている。軸ボルト８１は、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向と直交する方向の両側にそれぞれ設けられていると共に、図示例では上下方向の３カ所にそれぞれ軸ボルト８１が設けられ、計６カ所に軸ボルト８１が設けられている。軸ボルト８１には、支持ステー６１の外側に支持ステー６１に密接してナット８２が螺合されていると共に、支持ステー７１の外側に支持ステー７１に密接してナット８３が螺合され、支持ステー７１の内側に支持ステー７１に密接してナット８４が螺合されている。ナット８４の挟持板５２側にはワッシャー８５が配置されている。
　ワッシャー８５と挟持板５２との間には弾性材としてコイルスプリング８６が設けられ、コイルスプリング８６は軸ボルト８１の外周に外挿されている。コイルスプリング８６は、挟持板５２を挟持板５１の方向に弾性復元で押圧、付勢し、この付勢力により、挟持板５１と挟持板５２で電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が密接して交互に積層されるバッテリー体４が挟持される。換言すれば、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１は並置方向に圧縮されるように弾性的に付勢されて設けられる。
　更に、本実施形態におけるコイルスプリング８６は、略矩形の挟持板５１、５２及びこれに四隅の位置を対応させて重ねるように設けられる略矩形の熱交換パネル４２の四隅近傍に対応する位置と、この四隅近傍位置のほぼ中間位置に対応して複数設けられ、熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１に対してバランス良く間隔を開けて配置されている。そして、このバランス良く間隔を開けて配置された複数のコイルスプリング８６により、熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１に略均等に圧縮力が加わるようにして並置された電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が付勢される。また、コイルスプリング８６は、電池セル４１が発熱で熱膨張した際に、熱膨張による膨張量をバッテリー体４の挟持状態を維持しながら収縮変形で吸収する機能も有する。
　本実施形態では、一の挟持板の外側として他方の挟持板５２の外側に弾性材のコイルスプリング８６を設け、並置された電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２を付勢するようにしたが、逆側の一方の挟持板５１の外側に弾性材のコイルスプリング８６を設け、並置された電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２を付勢する構成としても良く、又、双方の挟持板５１、５２の両外側に弾性材のコイルスプリング８６を設け、並置された電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２を付勢する構成としても良好である。また、並置された電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２を付勢する弾性材には、コイルスプリング８６以外のバネ材、ゴム材等を適宜用いることが可能である。
　電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２で構成されるバッテリー体４と、バッテリー体４を支持する支持部に相当する挟持板５１、５２、支持ステー６１、７１、断熱材６２、７２、ボルト６３、７３、軸ボルト８１、ナット８２、８３、８４、ワッシャー８５、コイルスプリング８６は断熱容器１に収容される。そして、コイルスプリング８６の付勢と、挟持板５１、５２の挟持で支持されるバッテリー体４は、断熱容器本体２の内壁２１及び断熱蓋体３の内蓋３１から離間して配置され、断熱容器１の内部にも断熱空間Ｓ３が形成される。
　更に、本実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造には、熱交換パネル４２に熱交換用流体Ｆを供給する流体供給管９１と、熱交換パネル４２から熱交換用流体Ｆを排出する流体排出管９２が、断熱容器本体２の内壁２１と外壁２２を貫通して設けられている。流体供給管９１の一部に相当する断熱容器１内に配置されている流体供給管９１の部分と、流体排出管９２の一部に相当する断熱容器１内に配置されている流体排出管９２の部分は、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向に倣うように配設され、並置方向と並行に設けられている。
　流体供給管９１は、流体導入管９１１と、ゴムチューブなど弾性復元と伸長可能な弾性管で構成される連結管９１２と、熱交換パネル４２の流入口からパネル法線方向に突出する突出管９１３とから構成される。流体導入管９１１は、例えばゴムチューブなど弾性復元と伸長可能な弾性管で構成され、最も近い位置に配置されている熱交換パネル４２の突出管９１３に外挿して装着される。並置された熱交換パネル４２・４２の突出管９１３・９１３相互は連結管９１２を介して連結され、連結管９１２の両端はそれぞれ突出管９１３に外挿して装着される。即ち、熱交換パネル４２・４２相互間の流体供給管９１の部分は、弾性管の連結管９１２で構成されている。弾性管で構成される連結管９１２は、電池セル４１が発熱で熱膨張した際に弾性で伸長して追随し、熱膨張の収束に応じて弾性復元して熱膨張に適応可能になっている。
　流体排出管９２は、流体導出管９２１と、ゴムチューブなど弾性復元と伸長可能な弾性管で構成される連結管９２２と、熱交換パネル４２の流出口からパネル法線方向に突出する突出管９２３とから構成される。流体導出管９２１も、例えばゴムチューブなど弾性復元と伸長可能な弾性管で構成され、最も近い位置に配置されている熱交換パネル４２の突出管９２３に外挿して装着される。並置された熱交換パネル４２・４２の突出管９２３・９２３相互は連結管９２２を介して連結され、連結管９２２の両端はそれぞれ突出管９２３に外挿して装着される。即ち、熱交換パネル４２・４２相互間の流体排出管９２の部分は、弾性管の連結管９２２で構成されている。弾性管で構成される連結管９２２は、電池セル４１が発熱で熱膨張した際に弾性で伸長して追随し、熱膨張の収束に応じて弾性復元して熱膨張に適応可能になっている。
　流体供給管９１で供給される冷却水等の熱交換用流体Ｆは、図２及び図５に示すように、それぞれの熱交換パネル４２に突出管９１３と連通する流入口４２２から流れ込んで分配され、熱交換用流体Ｆは熱交換パネル４２内で熱交換面４２１に沿うように環流し、それぞれの各熱交換パネル４２の突出管９２３と連通する流出口４２３から流体排出管９２に集められるように排出され、流体排出管９２を介して外部に排出される。
　熱交換パネル４２には、熱交換用流体Ｆを熱交換面４２１の略全体に亘って熱交換面４２１に沿うように環流させる流路を形成する仕切４２４、４２５が設けられており、仕切４２４、４２５による流路に沿って熱交換用流体Ｆが流れることで、熱交換パネル４２を流れる熱交換用流体Ｆと電池セル４１との熱交換性が高められている。熱交換パネル４２は、例えば厚み４ｍｍ以下の薄型パネルとすると、設置空間を省スペース化することができて良好である。
　また、断熱容器本体２には、内壁２１と外壁２２との間の断熱空間Ｓ１の閉じた状態を維持するように短筒を固着する等で形成された複数の貫通部２４が設けられており、それぞれの貫通部２４に流体供給管９１と流体導入管９１１が貫通して設けられている。この貫通部２４を介して流体供給管９１と流体排出管９２は断熱容器１の内外に通じるようになっている。
　貫通部２４の周辺では、略凹状のキャップ１０が凹側を断熱容器１の外表面に向けて断熱容器１の外表面に固着、本実施形態では断熱容器本体２の外壁２２の外表面に溶接等で固着されている。キャップ１０には略中央に挿通穴１０１が形成されており、挿通穴１０１に流体導入管９１１や流体導出管９２１が挿通されている。略凹状のキャップ１０、図示例ではお椀形状のキャップ１０の凹側には、キャップ１０と、外壁２２の外表面と、流体導入管９１１或いは流体導出管９２１の外表面で囲まれる断熱空間Ｓ４が設けられる。
　本実施形態のバッテリー熱交換構造によれば、各電池セル４１の側面４１１に熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１を沿わせるようにして密接させることにより、熱交換パネル４２の熱交換用流体Ｆと電池セル４１との間で高い熱交換効率で熱交換を行うことができる。更に、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１を並置方向に圧縮して押し当てるように弾性的に付勢することにより、熱交換パネル４２の熱交換用流体Ｆと電池セル４１との間の熱交換効率を一層高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性を高めることができる。また、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１を並置方向に弾性的に付勢することにより、バッテリーの熱膨張や温度低下時の収縮に追随して、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１を並置方向に押し当てる状態を確保することができる。また、熱交換パネル４２と電池セル４１の並置方向における弾性的な付勢でバッテリーの熱膨張時の膨張量を吸収し、熱交換構造の内圧上昇による破損を防止し、安全性を向上することができる。
　また、コイルスプリング８６の付勢で挟持板５１、５２を介して熱交換パネル４２の熱交換面４２１を電池セル４１の側面４１１に略均等に押し当てることができ、熱交換パネル４２の熱交換用流体Ｆと電池セル４１との間の熱交換効率をより一層高めることができると共に、熱交換の安定性をより一層高めることができる。
　また、流体供給管９１の一部と流体排出管９２の一部を、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２の並置方向に倣って設けることにより、本管に相当する流体供給管９１や流体排出管９２を分岐する部分や部品を設けるだけで、複数の熱交換パネル４２への熱交換用流体Ｆの流入、複数の熱交換パネル４２からの熱交換用流体Ｆの流出を行う構成とすることができ、部材点数を減らして製造コストを低減し、組立工程の効率化を図ることができる。
　また、熱交換パネル４２・４２相互間の流体供給管９１の部分に相当する弾性管の連結管９１２と、熱交換パネル４２・４２相互間の流体排出管９２の部分に相当する弾性管の連結管９２２の構成により、電池セル４１が発熱で熱膨張した際に弾性管が伸長して追随し、熱膨張の収束に応じて弾性管が弾性復元することができ、流体供給管９１と流体排出管９２で熱膨張を吸収することができる。
　また、電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２で構成されるバッテリー体４と、バッテリー体４を支持する支持部を断熱容器１に収容することにより、バッテリーに対する外部環境の温度の影響を低減することができる。換言すれば、外部環境が低温時に生ずるバッテリーの出力電圧の低下や放電容量の低下のようなバッテリーの一時的な性能の低下を防止することができると共に、外部環境が高温時に生ずるバッテリー性能の恒久的な劣化、寿命の短命化を防止することができる。また、バッテリー体４に非常に高温時に出力規制する保護回路が搭載されている場合、夏場の非常な高温時等に意図しない保護回路の作動を防止することができる。特に、本実施形態では、断熱空間Ｓ１、Ｓ２が設けられる断熱容器１とし、断熱容器１と離間配置してバッテリー体４を断熱容器１に収容することにより、これらの効果がより一層高められている。
　また、熱交換用流体Ｆの環流で必要時にバッテリーの温度を適温範囲に制御することができる。例えば電池セル４１が発熱して高温状態である場合には、低温の熱交換用流体Ｆを流体供給管９１、各熱交換パネル４２、流体排出管９２に流して熱交換し、電池セル４１の温度を適温範囲に低下させ、バッテリー性能の恒久的な劣化、寿命の短命化を防止することができ、又、電池セル４１が低温状態である場合には、高温の熱交換用流体Ｆを流体供給管９１、各熱交換パネル４２、流体排出管９２に流して熱交換し、電池セル４１の温度を適温範囲に上昇させ、出力電圧の低下や放電容量の低下を防止することができる。
　更に、低温状態の電池セル４１を適温範囲に温度上昇させる際に、バッテリーの電力を使用するヒーターの加熱を用いずに温度上昇させることが可能であることから、例えば自動車の航続距離の減少を防止することが可能となる。尚、高温状態の電池セル４１と熱交換用流体Ｆとの間の熱交換で熱交換用流体Ｆを介して回収した熱は、別途設ける蓄熱装置等により、必要時にバッテリーや他の熱を必要とする場所で供給することも可能である。
　〔本明細書開示発明の包含範囲〕
　本明細書開示の発明は、発明として列記した各発明、実施形態の他に、適用可能な範囲で、これらの部分的な内容を本明細書開示の他の内容に変更して特定したもの、或いはこれらの内容に本明細書開示の他の内容を付加して特定したもの、或いはこれらの部分的な内容を部分的な作用効果が得られる限度で削除して上位概念化して特定したものを包含する。そして、本明細書開示の発明には下記変形例や追記した内容も含まれる。
　例えば本発明における電池セルと熱交換パネルが収容される断熱容器は、上記実施形態の断熱容器１とすると好適であるが、上記実施形態の断熱容器１以外の断熱容器に収容することも可能である。また、本発明における電池セルと熱交換パネルが断熱容器に収容されない構成も本発明に包含される。
　また、断熱容器１の二重壁に断熱空間Ｓ１、Ｓ２を閉じた状態で設けられる貫通部２４の形状や数は適宜であり、例えばバッテリーケーブルが通される貫通部２４と、流体供給管９１が通される貫通部２４と、流体排出管９２が通される貫通部２４を個別にそれぞれ設ける構成としてもよく、又、一の貫通穴２４にバッテリーケーブルと流体供給管９１或いは流体排出管９２の双方を通す構成とすることも可能である。
　また、本発明における熱交換用流体には、冷却水以外の適宜であり、低温の液体若しくは気体、又は高温の液体若しくは気体、又はその双方を必要に応じて適宜用いることが可能である。
　また、本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造では、図６に示すように、バッテリー熱交換構造１００の電池セル４１の温度を検出する温度センサー１１を電池セル４１に近接して設け、温度センサー１１の検出温度に応じて熱交換用流体制御部１２が熱交換用流体貯留部１３の所要温度の熱交換用流体Ｆを供給する構成としても良好である。これにより、温度センサー１１の検出温度に応じて必要時に必要な温度の熱交換用流体Ｆを環流させ、バッテリーの温度を適温範囲に自動的に制御することができる。尚、熱交換用流体制御部１２と温度センサー１１の通信は、貫通穴２４等を通して設けられるケーブルによる有線通信又は無線通信によるものとすることが可能である。
　また、本発明のバッテリー熱交換構造は、上記実施形態の電池セル４１と熱交換パネル４２が密接して交互に並置される構成に限定されず、電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして電池セルと熱交換パネルが密接して並置される構成であれば包含される。例えば電池セル相互間の一つ置きの箇所に、一方又は双方の電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして電池セルと熱交換パネルを密接して並置する構成としても、所要の熱交換性を得ることができて良好である。また、例えば複数の電池セル相互間の箇所全体のうちの一カ所又は２カ所、３カ所など複数の電池セル相互間の箇所よりも少ない２カ所、３カ所等の少数の複数箇所に、一方又は双方の電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして電池セルと熱交換パネルを密接して並置する構成としても、コスト低減、熱交換用流体の重量低減を図ることができて良好である。
　本発明は、例えば電気自動車等のバッテリーに対して熱交換を行う際に利用することができる。
１…断熱容器　２…断熱容器本体　２１…内壁　２１１…底部　２１２…周側部　２１３…フランジ　２２…外壁　２２１…底部　２２２…周側部　２２３…フランジ　２３…容器側平面フランジ　２４…貫通部　３…断熱蓋体　３１…内蓋　３１１…基板　３１２…起立部　３１３…フランジ　３２…外蓋　３３…蓋側平面フランジ　４…バッテリー体　４１…電池セル　４１１…側面　４２…熱交換パネル　４２１…熱交換面　４２２…流入口　４２３…流出口　４２４、４２５…仕切　５１、５２…挟持板　６１、７１…支持ステー　６２、７２…断熱材　６３、７３…ボルト　８１…軸ボルト　８２、８３、８４…ナット　８５…ワッシャー　８６…コイルスプリング　９１…流体供給管　９１１…流体導出管　９１２…連結管　９１３…突出管　９２…流体排出管　９２１…流体導出管　９２２…連結管　９２３…突出管　１０…キャップ　１０１…挿通穴　１００…バッテリー熱交換構造　１１…温度センサー　１２…熱交換用流体制御部　１３…熱交換用流体貯留部　Ｓ１、Ｓ２、Ｓ３、Ｓ４…断熱空間　Ｆ…熱交換用流体
 

Claims (7)

  1. 　電池セルの側面に熱交換パネルの熱交換面を沿わせるようにして前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルが密接して並置され、
    　前記熱交換パネルが前記熱交換面に沿って熱交換用流体を環流可能に形成され、
    　前記熱交換パネルと前記電池セルが並置される方向に圧縮されるように弾性的に付勢されて設けられていることを特徴とするバッテリー熱交換構造。
  2. 　前記並置される方向の一方の端に設けられる一方の挟持板と他方の端に設けられる他方の挟持板との間で前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルが密接して並置され、
    　前記熱交換パネルの前記熱交換面に略均等に圧縮力が加わるようにして一の前記挟持板の外側から若しくは双方の前記挟持板の両外側から弾性材で付勢されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
  3. 　前記熱交換パネルに熱交換用流体を供給する流体供給管の一部と、前記熱交換パネルから熱交換用流体を排出する流体排出管の一部が、前記並置される方向に倣って設けられ、
    　前記流体供給管で供給される熱交換用流体が複数並置されたそれぞれの前記熱交換パネルに分配されて環流し、それぞれの前記熱交換パネルから前記流体排出管に集めるように排出されることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
  4. 　前記熱交換パネル相互間の前記流体供給管の部分と、前記熱交換パネル相互間の前記流体排出管の部分とが弾性管で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項３記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
  5. 　前記電池セルと前記熱交換パネルで構成されるバッテリー体と、前記バッテリー体を支持する支持部が断熱容器に収容されていることを特徴とする請求項１～４の何れかに記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
  6. 　前記断熱容器が、内壁と外壁との間に断熱空間が設けられる断熱容器本体と、内蓋と外蓋との間に断熱空間が設けられる断熱蓋体で構成される二重壁の断熱容器であり、
    　前記バッテリー体が、前記断熱容器本体の前記内壁及び前記断熱蓋体の前記内蓋から離間して配置されていることを特徴とする請求項５記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
  7. 　前記電池セルの温度を検出する温度センサーを前記電池セルに近接して設け、
    　前記温度センサーの検出温度に応じて熱交換用流体制御部が所要温度の熱交換用流体を供給することを特徴とする請求項１～６の何れかに記載のバッテリー熱交換構造。
     
PCT/JP2020/036224 2019-11-26 2020-09-25 バッテリー熱交換構造 WO2021106343A1 (ja)

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JP2012028228A (ja) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Denso Corp 電池冷却装置
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JP2012028228A (ja) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Denso Corp 電池冷却装置
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