WO2021104137A1 - 用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器 - Google Patents

用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021104137A1
WO2021104137A1 PCT/CN2020/129976 CN2020129976W WO2021104137A1 WO 2021104137 A1 WO2021104137 A1 WO 2021104137A1 CN 2020129976 W CN2020129976 W CN 2020129976W WO 2021104137 A1 WO2021104137 A1 WO 2021104137A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thigh
guard
plate
calf
orthosis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/129976
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚剑龙
郭越
白苓
Original Assignee
百安健康复医疗（深圳）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 百安健康复医疗（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 百安健康复医疗（深圳）有限公司
Publication of WO2021104137A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021104137A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
    • A61F5/0123—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations for the knees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
    • A61F2005/0132—Additional features of the articulation
    • A61F2005/0165—Additional features of the articulation with limits of movement
    • A61F2005/0167—Additional features of the articulation with limits of movement adjustable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
    • A61F2005/0132—Additional features of the articulation
    • A61F2005/0172—Additional features of the articulation with cushions
    • A61F2005/0176—Additional features of the articulation with cushions supporting the patella

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an orthosis for rehabilitation of limbs, in particular to an orthosis for rehabilitation of knee osteoarthritis.
  • Knee osteoarthritis is mainly caused by the deviation of the patient's lower extremity force line from the normal lower extremity force line due to various causes.
  • this type of orthosis includes a thigh guard, a calf guard, an orthopedic plate connected between the thigh guard and the calf guard, and straps that fix the thigh guard and the calf guard on the thigh and calf respectively.
  • the orthotics in the prior art have the following shortcomings: 1) The distance between the thigh guard and the calf guard is a fixed structure, so that the applicable height group is limited. 2)
  • the strap buckle is a rigid body, which cannot fit the human body better, making the user feel uncomfortable. 3)
  • the strap is flat and stretched out to be a straight strap. This shape cannot meet the ergonomic requirements, that is, the orthosis is easy to slide downward after the user exercises. 4)
  • the product is not breathable, and the user will feel locally stuffy. If worn for a long time, skin diseases may occur.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an orthosis for treating knee osteoarthritis that is suitable for use by patients of different heights and can effectively prevent them from sliding down.
  • the orthosis for treating knee osteoarthritis of the present invention includes a thigh shield, a calf shield and an orthosis connected between the thigh shield and the calf shield that can apply laterally adjustable pressure to the knee joint, It is characterized in that: the upper end of the correction plate is connected with the thigh guard through an adjustable length upper adjusting member, and the lower end of the correction plate is connected with the calf guard through an adjustable length lower adjusting member.
  • the upper adjusting member is composed of an upper arm made of a rigid and relatively strong material and a connecting buckle fixedly connected to the upper end of the correcting plate.
  • the lower end of the upper arm is inserted into the connecting buckle, and the connecting buckle is inserted through the screw.
  • the lower end is fixedly connected with the connecting buckle, and the upper part of the upper arm is provided with a number of adjustable pitch holes and positioning screw holes.
  • the inner side of the thigh guard plate is provided with the same number of pitch adjustable protrusions and At least one positioning hole, the distance adjustment protrusion can be adapted to be clamped in any of the distance adjustment clamping holes, and the thigh shield can be connected between the thigh shield and the correction plate through the positioning screw passing through the selected positioning screw hole and positioning hole The distance is fixed at the position of the set length.
  • the lower adjusting member is a lower support arm made of rigid and relatively strong material.
  • the upper end of the lower support arm and the base plate of the correcting plate are an integral structure.
  • a number of adjustable pitch holes and positioning holes are provided at the lower part of the lower support arm.
  • the screw holes correspondingly, are provided on the inner side of the calf guard with the same number of pitch-adjusting protrusions and at least one positioning hole as the number of pitch-adjusting clamping holes, and the distance-adjusting protrusions can be adapted to be clamped to any of the pitch-adjusting cards In the hole, the distance between the calf guard plate and the correcting plate can be fixed at the set length position by passing the positioning screw through the selected positioning screw hole and the positioning hole.
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member have the same structure. They are the upper arm inserting belt and the lower arm inserting belt, which are integrated with the base plate of the correction plate and made of rigid and relatively strong materials.
  • the side of the arm inserting belt and the lower arm inserting belt are provided with several card slots, and the inner side of the thigh shield and the calf shield are respectively provided with long strips to allow the upper arm inserting belt or the lower arm inserting
  • a window hole is provided at a set position on the side of the sliding box, and the window hole is equipped with an elastic pressing key, and the inner end of the key can be stuck in the window through the window hole. It is placed in any one of the slots on the upper arm inserting belt or the lower arm inserting belt in the sliding box.
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member have the same structure. They are respectively an upper base belt and a lower base belt made of a rigid and strong material that are integrated with the base plate of the correcting plate, and are arranged on the outer side of the upper base belt and the lower base belt.
  • the matte surface with Velcro, the upper and lower substrates made of rigid and strong materials are respectively provided on the inner side of the thigh guard and the lower leg guard.
  • the inside of the film is equipped with a hook surface of Velcro.
  • the thigh guard and the calf guard are both rigid and high-strength hard boards.
  • the thigh guard is divided into an upper thigh bracket and a lower thigh bracket located on the lower side of the upper thigh bracket.
  • the upper thigh bracket is a double-segment arc.
  • the middle part is close to the inner or outer side of the thigh;
  • the calf guard is divided into the upper leg support and the lower leg support located on the lower side of the upper leg support.
  • the upper leg support is also a two-segment arc.
  • the upper leg support When tied to the calf, the upper leg support is close to the inner or outer side; the straps configured for the upper thigh support, the lower thigh support and the lower leg support are ergonomically designed to prevent slipping, and the straps are higher than two in the middle after spreading out.
  • the curved belt at the end, and the straps configured for the upper leg support are ergonomically designed to prevent slipping, and after being flattened out, the belt is in the middle and lower than the two ends.
  • a plurality of ventilation holes of different sizes are arranged on the thigh guard plate and the calf guard plate, and a plurality of ventilation grooves communicating with the ventilation holes are arranged on the inner side of the thigh guard plate and the calf guard plate.
  • the side of the correction plate is provided with an angle change scale value that can display the degree of pressure that the correction plate exerts on the knee joint.
  • the strap buckle set on the thigh guard plate and the calf guard plate can be deflected up and down by 45 degrees in the vertical arc where the corresponding guard plate is located, taking the horizontal plane as the boundary; at the same time, the strap buckle can be forwarded from the outer side of the corresponding guard plate. After that, do a 180-degree deflection.
  • An elastic thigh inner lining pad is arranged on the opposite side of the thigh guard, and an elastic lower leg inner lining pad is arranged on the opposite side of the calf guard.
  • the invention is composed of a dual-axis gear meshing hinge and a number of fixing devices, and is designed with angle adjustment and fixing functions, which can limit the movement angle of the patient, thereby avoiding other secondary injuries such as the noose of the knee joint.
  • the purpose of limiting is achieved. It has the following advantages: 1) Play a supporting and stabilizing role. 2) It has good strength and effect of orthopedics. 3) It is ergonomic, convenient and comfortable to wear.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the orthosis of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state when the orthosis in Fig. 1 is used.
  • Fig. 3 is a back view of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of Fig. 1 when the strap and the inner lining pad are removed.
  • Figure 5a is a view from the direction A in Figure 5 (ie, the top view of the thigh guard).
  • Figure 5b is a view from the direction B in Figure 5 (ie the bottom view of the calf guard).
  • Fig. 6 is the back view of Fig. 5 (ie, the inner side view of the orthosis).
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the adjustable length structure.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing that the strap buckle can be deflected up and down and forward and backward.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustable angle of the correction plate.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the angle of the correction plate.
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged exploded schematic diagram of the correction plate.
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the upper arm, the worm and the outer shaft frame of the mounting frame.
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged and exploded schematic view of the upper arm, worm gear, inner shaft bracket and upper base plate of the mounting frame.
  • the reference signs are as follows: thigh shield 1, upper thigh support 11, lower thigh support 12, thigh lining pad 13, calf shield 2, calf upper support 21, lower leg support 22, calf lining pad 23, tie Belt 3.
  • the orthosis 7 for treating knee osteoarthritis of the present invention consists of a thigh guard plate 1, a thigh lining guard pad 13, a calf guard plate 2, a calf lining guard pad 23, and Between the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2 is the corrective plate 5 that can apply laterally adjustable pressure to the knee joints, and the adjustment corrective plate 5 is the adjustment component and tie for the distance between the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2 respectively With 3 composition.
  • the thigh guard plate 1 and the calf guard plate 2 are made of plastic materials, which are rigid and high-strength hard plates, which are preferably composed of a hard shell and an inner cushion of elastomer.
  • the preferred surface shell of the present invention is made of LDPE (Chinese name: low-density polyethylene, also known as high-pressure polyethylene) and EVA (Chinese name: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). ), preferably LDPE accounts for 80% and EVA accounts for 20%.
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene, also known as high-pressure polyethylene
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2 are the positioning base points for the correction.
  • the correction board is achieved by adjusting the angle between the orthosis 5 and the connecting line between the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2. 5
  • the pressure on the knee joint therefore, once the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2 are positioned, their rigidity is particularly important. But because it is tied to the thigh and calf, under the tightening of the strap 3, it should have elasticity that can be appropriately deformed in the direction of the leg circumference. The elasticity is such that the entire guard plate can be tightly attached to the thigh or calf. Suitable for skin, it can fit the human body with different leg shapes. The strength refers to its strong resistance to excessive deformation and fracture.
  • the upper thigh support 11 and the lower thigh support 12 are integrated, and the upper thigh support 11 is wider than the lower leg support 12.
  • the upper thigh support 11 is a two-segment arc (see Figure 5a). When it is tied to the thigh, the middle part is close to the external femoral muscle of the thigh, and its front and rear ends extend to the front and back of the thigh, respectively .
  • the radius of the arc line along the leg circumference direction of the front side of the upper thigh bracket 11 is 100-120mm, and the radius of the arc line along the leg circumference direction of the back side is in 80-90mm.
  • this design makes the upper thigh support 11 basically suitable for most people. When it is tied to the thigh, its bending degree is more consistent with the bending degree of the outer thigh leg circumference direction, that is, it is basically tight. Sticking to the thigh skin, this structure can improve the patient's wearing comfort.
  • the front end of the upper thigh bracket 11 is provided with a buckle 32 for installing a strap buckle 33 and recessed inward.
  • the rear end is provided with a strap fastening ring 31, and the strap fastening ring 31 at the back side is from top to bottom Incline to the vertical direction of the correcting plate 5, this structure enables the strap 3 to be tied tightly to the leg circumference, which can effectively prevent the strap 3 from slipping off.
  • the lower thigh bracket 12 is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, and its inner curvature is basically the same as that of the upper thigh bracket 11.
  • a strap buckle 33 is provided on the front end of the lower thigh bracket 12 (used to fasten the front end of the strap 3 to it)
  • the inwardly recessed buckle position 32 is provided with a strap fastening ring 31 (used to fasten the back end of the strap 3 to it) at its rear end, the strap fastening ring 31 at the back end and the upper thigh bracket 11
  • the strap loops 31 at the rear end are parallel.
  • the benefits of this structure are the same as those of the strap loops 31 on the upper thigh bracket 11.
  • the upper thigh bracket 11 is provided with several ventilation holes 4 (which can be arranged on the face shell), and the inner surface of the upper thigh bracket 11 and the lower thigh bracket 12 are provided with a plurality of interconnected ventilation grooves 41 (can be The ventilating grooves 41 are arranged on the inner pad of the elastic body. These ventilating grooves 41 communicate with the ventilating holes 4 on the upper thigh bracket 11 (see FIG. 6).
  • the product has good breathability and is more suitable for long-term wear.
  • the thigh guard 1 of the present invention has a double strap 3 structure, which can better fix the thigh guard 1 on the leg.
  • the thigh guard 1 is provided on the opposite side of the thigh guard 1 with elastic and hard
  • the thigh lining protective pad 13 (the protective pad is provided with a hole allowing the strap 3 to pass through) is preferably made of a plastic material as a substrate, and then a comfortable and flexible lining is arranged in the substrate.
  • the cushion is tightly attached to the rectus femoris and medial femoris muscles of the inner thigh.
  • the upper leg support 21 and the lower leg support 22 are an integrated structure.
  • the rear side of the upper leg support 21 is longer than the lower leg support 22 and is rounded behind the leg Extending, the front side of the upper leg support 21 and the front side of the lower leg support 22 are substantially on a vertical line.
  • the upper leg support 21 has a two-segment arc shape (see Fig. 5b), and when it is tied to the lower leg, it closely adheres to the gastrocnemius and peroneus longus muscle on the outer side of the leg.
  • the radius of the arc line along the leg circumference direction of the front side of the lower leg bracket 21 is 65-80mm, and the radius of the arc line along the leg circumference direction of the back side portion In 60-75mm.
  • this design makes the upper leg support 21 basically suitable for most people.
  • its bending degree is more consistent with the bending degree of the outer leg circumference direction of the lower leg, that is, it is basically tight. Sticking to the calf skin, this structure can improve the patient's wearing comfort.
  • the front end of the lower leg bracket 21 is provided with a strap buckle 33 and a buckle 32 recessed inward, and its rear end is provided with a strap fastening ring 31 (used to fasten the back end of the strap 3 to its (Above), the strap fastening ring 31 at the rear side is basically arranged vertically. This structure allows the strap 3 to be fastened tightly to the leg circumference, which can effectively prevent the strap 3 from slipping off.
  • the curvature of the inner surface of the lower leg bracket 22 is basically the same as that of the upper leg bracket 21.
  • the front end of the lower leg bracket 22 is provided with a strap buckle 33 (used to fix the front end of the strap 3 to it) and is concave inward
  • the rear end of the inserted buckle 32 is provided with a strap fastening ring 31, and the strap fastening ring 31 at the back side is inclined in the direction of the vertical line of the correction plate 5 from top to bottom.
  • the advantages of this structure are the same as those of the strap loops 31 on the lower leg bracket 21.
  • a plurality of vent holes 4 are provided on the upper leg support 21, and a plurality of ventilating grooves 41 connected to each other are provided on the inner surface of the upper leg support 21 and the lower leg support 22. These ventilating grooves 41 are connected to the upper leg support The ventilation holes 4 on 21 communicate (see Figure 6).
  • the calf guard 2 of the present invention has a double strap 3 structure, which can better fix the calf guard 2 on the leg.
  • an elastic and hard calf lining pad 23 is provided on the opposite side of the calf shield 2, and its structure, material and function are the same as the thigh lining pad 13.
  • the cushion is tightly attached to the gastrocnemius muscle on the inner side of the calf.
  • the shape of the strap 3 of the present invention is designed as follows:
  • the strap 3 allocated to the upper leg support 21 will be an arc-shaped belt with the middle lower than the two ends after spreading out.
  • the calf guard plate 2 fits in the anti-oblique position, and the strap has 3 holes It conforms to the slope design, and is designed with 3D cutting strap 3, which fits the human body better.
  • the above-mentioned shape is adapted to the shape of the leg circumference where the strap 3 is located. Therefore, it can fit tightly to the leg, and it is not easy to slide downward during the movement.
  • the width of the strap 3 of the present invention is preferably 20-40 mm.
  • the buckle 333 of the strap buckle 33 can be in Corresponding guard plate (refers to thigh guard plate 1, calf guard plate 2, the same below) is located in the vertical arc with the horizontal plane as the boundary to make up and down 45 degrees of deflection; at the same time, the buckle ring 333 can be on the outside of the corresponding guard plate from front to After a 180-degree deflection, the strap buckle 33 is composed of a buckle plate 331, a lock buckle 332 and the buckle ring 333, and its specific structure is as follows:
  • the buckle plate 331 is embedded in the buckle 32, and its front side is hinged to the front side of the buckle 32.
  • the buckle 332 is arranged at the rear of the buckle plate 331.
  • the buckle plate 331 takes the hinged edge as the axis from the inside to the outside. Or flip from the outside to the inside.
  • the lock buckle 332 is composed of a lock tongue 3321 and a lock tongue dial 3322.
  • a lock block is provided on the rear side of the buckle position 32.
  • the buckle 333 is divided into a loop 3331 and a loop handle 3332.
  • the loop 3331 is used to fix the front end of the strap 3 to it.
  • the front end of the loop handle 3332 is connected to the loop 3331, and the rear end of the loop handle 3332 is movably placed in the setting In the movable groove on the front of the gusset 331.
  • the above structure of the strap buckle 33 has the following advantages:
  • the strap 3 When tying the corresponding guard plate to the leg, the strap 3 can be adjusted according to the specific shape of the wearer's leg circumference. In this way, the buckle 333 can be adjusted in the vertical arc surface where the corresponding guard plate is located.
  • the horizontal plane is bounded by a 45-degree deflection structure up and down to meet corresponding adjustments to ensure wearing comfort and stability after the strap 3 is fixed.
  • the strap 3 fits the human body more closely and effectively prevents the guard plate from slipping off.
  • the buckle plate 331 of the strap buckle 33 Before putting the corresponding guard plate on the leg, open the buckle plate 331 of the strap buckle 33. At this time, the buckle plate 331 is turned outwards. Since the buckle ring 333 can be deflected 180 relative to the buckle plate 331, the buckle ring 333 It will push forward slightly. Correspondingly, increasing the circumference of the strap 3 and the guard plate will help the patient to put it in the corresponding position. After pre-fixation, the buckle plate 331 is pressed into the buckle position 32 When locked, at this time, the buckle 333 is displaced backward following the turning of the buckle plate 331, so that the strap 3 is tightened, that is, the buckle function is realized while being locked, and no additional manual tightening is required.
  • the upper connecting plate 51 connected with the thigh guard plate 1, the lower connecting plate 52 connected with the calf guard plate 2, and the upper connecting plate 51 and the lower connecting plate 52 are clamped.
  • the inner clamping plate 53 and the outer clamping plate 54 held in the middle are constituted by a pressure regulating assembly.
  • the upper connecting plate 51 is composed of an upper arm 515, a mounting frame 512 provided at the bottom end of the upper arm 515 for installing a pressure regulating component, and an upper base plate portion 511.
  • the upper arm 515 is rigid and has good strength, and its upper end is connected with the thigh guard 1.
  • the lower end edge of the upper base plate portion 511 is formed with a plurality of teeth, and the upper base plate portion 511 is provided with bolt holes.
  • the mounting frame 512 is composed of two inner shaft brackets 5121 and two outer shaft brackets 5122 arranged outside the inner shaft bracket 5121.
  • the inner shaft bracket 5121 and the outer shaft bracket 5122 are provided with a shaft hole 5123 of the same axis.
  • the inner shaft frame 5121 and the upper base plate portion 511 are connected as an integral structure, and the outer shaft frame 5122 is located at the lower end of the upper arm 515 and is an integral structure with the upper arm.
  • the mounting frame 512 is composed of a worm gear cavity for accommodating the driven part worm wheel 513 arranged in a staggered shaft manner and a worm cavity for accommodating the driving part worm 514 from bottom to top.
  • the worm gear cavity is placed between the two inner shaft frames 5121,
  • the worm cavity is placed in the outer shaft bracket 5122 above the worm wheel 513 of the follower.
  • the follower worm gear, the inner shaft frame 5121 and the outer shaft frame 5122 are connected together by a rotating shaft with a stop groove (also called a straight flower) at one end.
  • the follower worm gear and the inner shaft frame 5121 can rotate around the shaft When rotating, the outer shaft frame 5122 and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected through a stop groove.
  • the upper edge of the lower base plate portion 521 is composed of multiple teeth, which mesh with the teeth on the lower edge of the upper connecting plate 51, and its function is to facilitate the bending of the calf when the recoverer wears the orthosis 7 for rehabilitation exercises, namely : Facilitate the movement of the knee joint.
  • Bolt holes are also provided in the lower base plate portion 521.
  • the lower base plate portion 521 is connected to the calf shield 2 through a rigid and strong lower arm 522, and the lower base plate portion 521 and the lower arm 522 are preferably an integral structure.
  • the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522 of the present invention are preferably made of metal, preferably a light-weight aluminum alloy plate.
  • the upper bolt hole corresponds to the bolt hole on the upper base plate portion 511
  • the lower bolt hole corresponds to the bolt hole on the lower base plate portion 521.
  • the inner clamping plate 53 and the outer clamping plate 54 can be fixed on the inner and outer sides of the upper base plate portion 511 and the lower base plate portion 521 by bolts, that is, the connecting part of the upper base plate portion 511 and the lower base plate portion 521 is tightly clamped to the inner clamping plate 53
  • the upper arm 515, the mounting frame 512, the upper base plate portion 511, the lower base plate portion 521 and the lower arm 522 form a rigid and integrated structure between the outer clamp plate 54 and the outer clamping plate 54.
  • the flexible pad 56 On the outer side of the inner splint 53, there is also a flexible pad 56 which is close to the knee joint.
  • the flexible pad 56 can give the patient a kind of flexibility, Gentle and more comfortable feeling of pressure.
  • the inner splint 53 and the outer splint 54 may also be composed of a combination of a pressing sheet and a wear-resistant sheet respectively, and the wear-resistant sheet is interposed between the pressing sheet and the corresponding base plate portion.
  • the driving part worm 514 as described above, is arranged on the driven part worm wheel 513 and in a worm cavity perpendicular to the upper base plate portion 511, and is engaged with the driven part worm wheel 513.
  • the driving part worm 514 is screwed by a special tool to screw a nut arranged on the outer end surface of the driving part worm 514 to rotate the driving part worm 514.
  • the driven part worm wheel 513 which is perpendicular to the driving part worm 514, is provided with a strip-shaped groove 5131 at its bottom.
  • a strip-shaped groove 5131 is provided on the bottom surface of the worm wheel cavity and is fixed to the upper base plate part 511.
  • the bayonet pins 5132 connected together are installed between the two inner shaft brackets 5121 of the worm gear cavity in a manner that the bayonet 5132 is embedded in the groove 5131 in the worm gear 513 of the driven part.
  • Twisting the driving part worm 514 can make the driven part worm wheel 513 rotate, and the rotation of the driven part worm wheel 513 can dial the bayonet 5132 to force the upper base plate part 511 to rotate in the same direction as the driven part worm wheel 513 (due to the driven part worm wheel 513).
  • the worm gear 513 and the inner shaft bracket 5121 are arranged on the same rotating shaft, and the upper base plate part and the inner shaft bracket 5121 are an integral structure, so the rotation direction of the follower worm wheel 513 and the upper base plate part 511 are the same). , Change the angle between the plane where the correction plate 5 is located and the line connecting the thigh guard plate 1 and the calf guard plate 2.
  • an angle mark can be set on the outer side of the mounting frame 512 (that is, the outer side of the outer shaft frame 5122)
  • Line 55 also called the angle change scale value
  • an indicator arrow is set on the outer surface of the upper base plate portion 511.
  • This structure enables the recovering person to perform accurate angle adjustment according to the requirements of the doctor.
  • the height adjusting member includes an upper adjusting member and a lower adjusting member.
  • Adjustment refers to adjusting the distance between the orthotic plate 5 and the thigh guard plate 1 and the calf guard plate 2 respectively, so that the orthotic 7 is suitable for Used by rehabilitation groups with different leg lengths.
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member of the present invention can adopt the following structures:
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member are the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522, respectively.
  • the upper part of the upper arm 515 and the lower part of the lower arm 522 are provided with a plurality of pitch adjusting holes 6 and positioning screw holes 61 at intervals.
  • both the inner side of the thigh guard 1 and the inner side of the calf guard 2 are provided
  • the number of pitch-adjusting projections 62 and at least one positioning hole 63 are the same as the number of pitch-adjusting clamping holes 6.
  • the pitch-adjusting projection 62 can be adapted to be clamped in any one of the pitch-adjusting holes 6, passing through the selection by a positioning screw
  • the fixed positioning screw holes 61 and the positioning holes 63 can fix the distances between the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2 and the correction plate 5 at a set length.
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member are respectively the upper arm 515 (for this structure, it is also called the upper arm inserting belt) and the lower arm 522 (for this structure, it is also called Insert the belt for the lower arm).
  • a number of clamping slots are provided on the sides of the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522, and a long four-sided closed sliding box with an open end is provided on the inner side of the thigh guard 1 and the calf guard 2, respectively.
  • a window hole is provided at the set position on the side of the sliding box, and the window hole is equipped with an elastic pressing key.
  • the key When the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522 are inserted into the corresponding sliding box, the key The inner end can pass through the window hole and be clamped in the slot on the side of the corresponding arm, thereby fixing the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522 at a set position.
  • the distance between the correction plate 5 and the thigh guard 1 or the calf guard 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the density of the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522 inserted into the corresponding sliding box.
  • the upper adjusting member and the lower adjusting member are respectively the upper arm 515 (for this kind of structure, it is also called the upper base belt) and the lower arm 522 (for this kind of structure, it is also called the lower base belt).
  • the outer sides of the upper arm 515 and the lower arm 522 are provided with a velcro hair surface, and the inner side of the thigh guard plate 1 and the calf guard plate 2 are respectively provided with upper plate substrates made of rigid and strong materials The inner side of the upper and lower substrates are provided with hook surfaces of Velcro.

Abstract

一种适应不同身高患者使用且可有效防止其向下滑动的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器（7），包括大腿护板（1）、小腿护板（2）和连接在大腿护板（1）与小腿护板（2）之间的可对膝骨关节施加横向可调节压力的矫正板（5），矫正板（5）的上端部通过可调节长度的上调节件与大腿护板（1）相接，矫正板（5）的下端部通过可调节长度的下调节件与小腿护板（2）相接。矫正板（5）由一个双轴齿轮啮合铰链和若干固定装置组成，设计有角度调节和固定的作用，可以限定患者的活动角度，从而避免膝关节的绞索等其他二次损伤。通过更换限位装置，达到限位的目的。矫正器（7）具有如下优点：1）起到支撑和稳定作用；2）具有良好的矫形的力度和效果；3）符合人体工程学，穿戴便捷和舒适。

Description

用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于肢体康复的矫正器，特别涉及一种用于针对膝骨性关节炎康复的矫正器。
 背景技术
肢体正常的人，在双下肢直立、并拢时，双大腿向中线靠拢。从正面看，双膝关节内侧可以接触，双小腿向外略倾斜，而双踝关节则能并拢在一起。从侧面看，躯干与大腿、小腿在一条直线上，重心由髋关节经膝关节后面落在踝关节中心上。平卧位时，自骨盆的髂前上棘处与足第一、二趾之间连一直线，此线正好内外平分髌骨。该直线即为正常的下肢力线，正常的下肢力线可使双下肢受力非常合适，使各关节活动起来互相协调，又不易疲劳和损伤，这是自然界赋予人类的恩泽。
正常下肢力线的测量：“髂骨的髂前上棘、髌骨中心和第1、2趾蹼间应在一条直线上”----汤健《骨科临床测量》 安徽科技出版社 2002年。
膝骨性关节炎，主要是由于各种病因使患者的下肢力线与正常的下肢力线发生偏差、不能吻合而造成。
现有技术中，有许多矫形器，通过对患者的膝关节侧向施压（如，对于“X”形的腿患者，采用由膝关节内侧向外方向施压；对于“Ο”形腿的患者，采用由膝关节外侧向内方向施压），来修正患者不正常的下肢力线，以达到矫正和治疗的目的。
通常，该类矫正器包括大腿护板、小腿护板、连接在大腿护板与小腿护板之间的矫正板和将大腿护板、小腿护板分别固定在大腿和小腿上的绑带构成。
现有技术中的矫正器存在如下不足：1）大腿护板与小腿护板之间的间距为固定结构，这样，使其适用的身高群体受到限制。2）绑带扣为刚性体，不能更好贴合人体，令使用者感觉不舒适。3）绑带平铺展开后呈直线带，该形状不能满足人体工学要求，即在使用者运动后，该矫正器容易向下滑动。4）仅采用绑带将大腿护板和小腿护板固定在腿上，绑带对腿部施压区域过窄，长期佩带会导致受压部位供血不足。5）产品不透气，使用者会感到局部闷热，长期穿戴，可能会出现皮肤疾病。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种适应不同身高患者使用且可有效防止其向下滑动的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器。
 技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
本发明的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，包括大腿护板、小腿护板和连接在大腿护板与小腿护板之间的可对膝骨关节施加横向可调节压力的矫正板，其特征在于：所述矫正板的上端部通过可调节长度的上调节件与大腿护板相接，所述矫正板的下端部通过可调节长度的下调节件与小腿护板相接。
所述的上调节件由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上支臂和与矫正板的上端部固接的连接扣构成，上支臂的下端穿设于连接扣中，通过螺钉将该下端与连接扣固定连接，在上支臂的上部间隔设有若干调距卡孔和定位螺孔，对应的，在大腿护板的内侧设有与调距卡孔数量相同的调距凸块和至少一个定位孔，所述调距凸块可适配卡置在任一个所述调距卡孔中，通过定位螺钉穿过选定的定位螺孔和定位孔可将大腿护板与矫正板之间的间距固定在设定长度的位置。
所述的下调节件为刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的下支臂，下支臂的上端与矫正板的基板为一体结构，在下支臂的下部间隔设有若干调距卡孔和定位螺孔，对应的，在小腿护板的内侧设有与调距卡孔数量相同的调距凸块和至少一个定位孔，所述调距凸块可适配卡置在任一个所述调距卡孔中，通过定位螺钉穿过选定的定位螺孔和定位孔可将小腿护板与矫正板之间的间距固定在设定长度的位置。
所述的上调节件和下调节件结构相同，分别为与矫正板的基板为一体结构且由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上支臂插带和下支臂插带，在上支臂插带和下支臂插带的侧面均设有若干个卡槽，在大腿护板和小腿护板的内侧分别设有长条状的可使所述上支臂插带或下支臂插带插入其中的闭合式的滑盒，在滑盒边侧的设定位置设有窗孔，窗孔上装配有弹性按压式的卡键，所述卡键的内端穿过窗孔可卡在置于滑盒中的上支臂插带或下支臂插带上的任一个所述卡槽中。
所述的上调节件和下调节件结构相同，分别为与矫正板的基板为一体结构且由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上基带和下基带，在上基带和下基带的外侧设有魔术贴的毛面，在大腿护板和小腿护板的内侧分别设有由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上板基片和下板基片，在上板基片和下板基片的内侧均设有魔术贴的勾面。
所述大腿护板和小腿护板均为刚性且具有较高强度的硬质板，大腿护板分大腿上支架和位于大腿上支架下边侧的大腿下支架，大腿上支架为双段弧形，当将其绑至大腿上时，其中部紧贴大腿内侧或外侧；小腿护板分小腿上支架和位于小腿上支架下边侧的小腿下支架，小腿上支架也为双段弧形，当将其绑在小腿上时，其小腿上支架紧贴内侧或外侧；配置给大腿上支架、大腿下支架和小腿下支架的绑带按照人体工学原理为防止滑落且在平铺展开后呈中间高于两端的弧形带，配置给小腿上支架的绑带按照人体工学原理为防止滑落且在平铺展开后呈中间低于两端的弧形带。
在大腿护板和小腿护板上设有多个大小不一的透气孔，在大腿护板和小腿护板的内侧面上设有多条与所述透气孔相通的透气凹槽。
在所述矫正板的边侧设有可显示调节所述矫正板对膝骨关节施压力度的角度变化刻度值。
设置在大腿护板和小腿护板上的绑带扣，可在对应护板所在的垂直弧面内以水平面为界做上下45度偏转；同时，绑带扣可在对应护板的外侧由前至后做180度偏转。
在大腿护板的对侧设置具有弹性的大腿内衬护垫，在小腿护板的对侧设置具有弹性的小腿内衬护垫。
 有益效果
本发明由一个双轴齿轮啮合铰链和若干固定装置组成，设计有角度调节和固定的作用，可以限定患者的活动角度，从而避免膝关节的绞索等其他二次损伤。通过更换限位装置，达到限位的目的。其具有如下优点：1）起到支撑和稳定作用。2）具有良好的矫形的力度和效果。3）符合人体工程学，穿戴便捷和舒适。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的矫正器示意图。图2为使用图1中的矫正器时的状态示意图。图3为图2的背视图。图4为图1的爆炸示意图。图5为图1中拆除绑带和内衬护垫时的示意图。图5a为图5中A向视图（即大腿护板的俯视图）。图5b为图5中B向视图（即小腿护板的仰视图）。图6为图5的背视图（即矫正器的内侧面视图）。图7为可调节长度的结构示意图。图8为绑带扣可上下偏转和前后偏转的示意图。图9为矫正板的可调节角度的结构示意图。图10为调节矫正板角度的示意图。图11为矫正板的放大爆炸示意图。图12为安装架的上支臂、蜗杆和外侧轴架的放大示意图。图13为安装架的上支臂、蜗轮、里侧轴架和上基板部的放大分解示意图。
附图标记如下：大腿护板1、大腿上支架11、大腿下支架12、大腿内衬护垫13、小腿护板2、小腿上支架21、小腿下支架22、小腿内衬护垫23、绑带3、绑带系环31、扣位32、绑带扣33、扣板331、锁扣332、锁舌3321、锁舌拨件3322、扣环333、套环3331、环柄3332、透气孔4、透气凹槽41、矫正板5、上连接板51、上基板部511、安装架512、里侧轴架5121、外侧轴架5122、转轴孔5123、从动件蜗轮513、凹槽5131、卡销5132、主动件蜗杆514、上支臂515、下连接板52、下基板部521、下支臂522、内夹板53、外夹板54、角度标记线55、柔性护垫板56、调距卡孔6、定位螺孔61、调距凸块62、定位孔63、矫正器7。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
如图1－5所示，本发明的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器7由大腿护板1、大腿内衬护垫13、小腿护板2、小腿内衬护垫23、连接在大腿护板1与小腿护板2之间的可对膝骨关节施加横向可调节压力的矫正板5、调节矫正板5分别至大腿护板1和小腿护板2之间距离的调节部件及绑带3构成。
以下以治疗“Ο”型腿佩戴的矫正器7为例，对本发明进行详细说明。
一、大腿护板1和小腿护板2。
1、大腿护板1和小腿护板2均由塑胶材料制作，其为刚性且具较高强度的硬质板，其最好由硬质的面壳与弹性体的内垫组成。
本发明优选面壳由LDPE（中文名：低密度聚乙烯又称高压聚乙烯）和EVA（中文名：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物）混合配料注塑制成，其中，其组分比（按重量比），最好LDPE占80%，EVA占20%。
对于该矫正器7而言，大腿护板1和小腿护板2为矫正的定位基点，通过调节矫正板5与大腿护板1与小腿护板2之间连线的夹角，来达到矫正板5对膝关节的压力，因此，大腿护板1和小腿护板2一旦定位，则其刚性特点尤为重要。但由于其是系绑在大腿和小腿上，那么在绑带3的收紧下，其又应该具有可在腿围方向上适当变形的弹性，弹性的大小以整个护板能够紧贴大腿或小腿肌肤为宜，即可随不同腿形贴合人体。所述强度是指其抵抗过度变形和断裂的能力较强。
2、大腿护板1。
由大腿上支架11和位于大腿上支架11下边侧的大腿下支架12组成，大腿上支架11与大腿下支架12为一体结构，大腿上支架11较大腿下支架12宽。
大腿上支架11为双段弧形（参见图5a所示），当将其绑至大腿上时，其中部紧贴大腿外侧的股外肌，其前端和后端分别向大腿的正面和背面延伸。
以过矫正板5中垂线的向上延长线为界，大腿上支架11的前侧部沿腿围方向的弧形线半径在100-120mm，后侧部沿腿围方向的弧形线半径在80-90mm。按照人体工学原理，该设计可使大腿上支架11基本适用于绝大部分人，将其系绑在大腿上时，其弯曲程度与大腿外侧的腿围方向的弯曲度较吻合，即其基本紧贴大腿肌肤，该结构可提高患者的穿戴舒适感。
在大腿上支架11的前侧端设有安装绑带扣33且向内凹入的扣位32，其后侧端设有绑带系环31，后侧端的绑带系环31由上至下向矫正板5中垂线方向倾斜，该结构可使绑带3紧贴腿围系绑，可有效防止绑带3滑落。
大腿下支架12呈倒梯形，其内面弯曲度与大腿上支架11基本一致，在大腿下支架12的前侧端设有安装绑带扣33（用来将绑带3的前端固接其上）且向内凹入的扣位32，其后侧端设有绑带系环31（用来将绑带3的后端固接其上），后侧端的绑带系环31与大腿上支架11后侧端的绑带系环31相平行。该结构的好处如大腿上支架11上的绑带系环31所具有的好处一样。
在大腿上支架11上设有若干个透气孔4（可设置在所述面壳上），在大腿上支架11与大腿下支架12的内表面上设有多条互相连通透气凹槽41（可设置在弹性体的内垫上），这些透气凹槽41与大腿上支架11上的透气孔4相通（参见图6所示）。产品透气良好，更适合长时间穿戴。
本发明的大腿护板1具有双绑带3结构，其能更好的将大腿护板1固定在腿上。
为了提高患者佩带该矫正器7的舒适感，防止绑带3过于收紧后对腿部产生局部压力过大导致血流不畅，在大腿护板1的对侧设置具有弹性且为硬质的大腿内衬护垫13（在该护垫上设有允许绑带3穿过的孔洞），最好由塑胶材料制作基板，然后再在基板内设置舒适柔性内衬。该护垫紧贴大腿内侧的股直肌和股内侧肌。
增加大腿内衬护垫13，分散绑带3压力，使用者可以绑得更紧，从而增加矫形力度。
3、小腿护板2。
由小腿上支架21和位于小腿上支架21下边侧的小腿下支架22组成，小腿上支架21与小腿下支架22为一体结构，小腿上支架21的后侧长于小腿下支架22并向腿围后延伸，小腿上支架21的前侧边与小腿下支架22的前侧边基本处于一条竖直线上。
小腿上支架21为双段弧形（参见图5b所示），当将其绑至小腿上时，其紧贴小腿外侧的腓肠肌和腓骨长肌。
以过矫正板5中垂线的向下延长线为界，小腿上支架21的前侧部沿腿围方向的弧形线半径在65-80mm，后侧部沿腿围方向的弧形线半径在60-75mm。按照人体工学原理，该设计可使小腿上支架21基本适用于绝大部分人，将其系绑在小腿上时，其弯曲程度与小腿外侧的腿围方向的弯曲度较吻合，即其基本紧贴小腿肌肤，该结构可提高患者的穿戴舒适感。
在小腿上支架21的前侧端设有安装绑带扣33且向内凹入的扣位32，其后侧端设有绑带系环31（用来将绑带3的后端固接其上），后侧端的绑带系环31基本为竖直设置，该结构可使绑带3紧贴腿围系绑，可有效防止绑带3滑落。
小腿下支架22内面的弯曲度与小腿上支架21基本一致，在小腿下支架22的前侧端设有安装绑带扣33（用来将绑带3的前端固接其上）且向内凹入的扣位32，其后侧端设有绑带系环31，后侧端的绑带系环31由上至下向矫正板5中垂线方向倾斜。该结构的好处如小腿上支架21上的绑带系环31所具有的好处一样。
同样，在小腿上支架21上设有若干个透气孔4，在小腿上支架21与小腿下支架22的内表面上设有多条互相连通透气凹槽41，这些透气凹槽41与小腿上支架21上的透气孔4相通（参见图6所示）。
本发明的小腿护板2具有双绑带3结构，其能更好的将小腿护板2固定在腿上。
同样，在小腿护板2的对侧设置具有弹性且为硬质的小腿内衬护垫23，其结构、材质和作用与大腿内衬护垫13相同。该护垫紧贴小腿内侧的腓肠肌。
二、绑带3和绑带扣33。
1、绑带3。
按照人体工学原理，为了使绑带3能够紧系在腿部，防止大腿护板1和小腿护板2在患者进行康复活动过程中向下滑移，本发明的绑带3形状设计如下：
1）配置给大腿上支架11、大腿下支架12和小腿下支架22的绑带3，在平铺展开后（以从腿上取下顺势展开后的正投影）呈中间高于两端的弧形带。
2）配置给小腿上支架21的绑带3，在平铺展开后呈中间低于两端的弧形带，利用人体小腿腓肠肌反斜向，小腿护板2贴合反斜位，绑带3孔符合斜度设计 ，并且设计3D裁剪绑带3，更贴合人体。
上述形状与该绑带3所在位置的腿围形状适配，因此，其能吻合的紧贴所在腿部，在活动过程中不易向下滑移。
本发明绑带3的宽度最好在20-40mm。
2、绑带扣33。
如图8所示，在大腿上支架、大腿下支架、小腿上支架和小腿下支架前侧端的扣位32中设有结构相同的绑带扣33，该绑带扣33的扣环333可在对应护板（指大腿护板1、小腿护板2，下同）所在的垂直弧面内以水平面为界做上下45度偏转；同时，该扣环333可在对应护板的外侧由前至后做180度偏转，绑带扣33由扣板331、锁扣332和所述扣环333组成，其具体结构如下：
1）扣板331。
扣板331嵌入所述扣位32中，其前侧边与扣位32的前侧边铰接，所述锁扣332设置在扣板331的后部，扣板331以铰接边为轴由内向外或由外向内翻转。
2）锁扣332。
锁扣332由锁舌3321和锁舌拨件3322组成，对应的，在扣位32的后侧边设有锁挡，将扣板331压入扣位32中时，锁舌3321即被锁挡卡住，由此，将扣板331完全锁定在扣位32中。当需要将扣板331打开时，向前拨动锁舌拨件3322，即可将锁舌3321脱离与锁挡的咬合，从而使扣板331向外翻转。
3）扣环333。
扣环333分为套环3331和环柄3332，套环3331用来将绑带3的前端固接其上，环柄3332的前端与套环3331相连，环柄3332的后端活动置于设置在扣板331前部上的活动槽中。
环柄3332的后端与活动槽之间为万向球铰结构，因此，其可使该扣环333实现上述角度的偏转。
绑带扣33的上述结构有如下优点：
1）在将对应的护板系绑在腿部上时，绑带3可根据佩带者腿围的具体形状做适应性调整，这样，扣环333可在对应护板所在的垂直弧面内以水平面为界做上下45度偏转的结构可满足对应的调整，以确保佩带舒适感以及绑带3固定后的稳定性。绑带3可更贴合人体，有效防止护板滑落。
2）在将对应的护板穿戴在腿上前，打开绑带扣33的扣板331，此时，扣板331向外翻转，由于扣环333可相对扣板331做180偏转，扣环333会向前做微小推送，相应的，使绑带3与护板围合的周长适当增大利于患者将其套置在对应的位置，预固定后，其扣板331压入扣位32中锁定，此时，扣环333随扣板331的翻转向后移位，从而，拉紧绑带3，即在锁定的同时实现扣紧功能，不需要另外人为拉紧。
三、矫正板5。
如图9、10、11所示，由与大腿护板1相接的上连接板51、与小腿护板2相接的下连接板52、将上连接板51与下连接板52相交处夹持于中间的内夹板53和外夹板54以及调压组件构成。
1、上连接板51。
上连接板51由上支臂515、设置在上支臂515底端用于安装调压组件的安装架512和上基板部511构成。
上支臂515为刚性且具有较好强度，其上端与大腿护板1相连接。
上基板部511的下端缘为多个齿牙，在上基板部511上设有螺栓孔。
安装架512由两个里侧轴架5121和设置在该里侧轴架5121外侧的两个外侧轴架5122组成，在里侧轴架5121和外侧轴架5122上设有相同轴线的转轴孔5123，里侧轴架5121与上基板部511连为一体结构，外侧轴架5122位于上支臂515的下端并与该上支臂为一体结构。
安装架512由下至上依次为容纳以交错轴方式设置的从动件蜗轮513的蜗轮腔和容纳主动件蜗杆514的蜗杆腔组成，蜗轮腔置于所述两个里侧轴架5121之间，蜗杆腔置于从动件蜗轮513上方的外侧轴架5122内。通过一端带有止动槽（也称直纹花）的转轴将从动件蜗轮、里侧轴架5121和外侧轴架5122连接在一起，从动件蜗轮和里侧轴架5121可绕该转轴转动，外侧轴架5122与转轴之间通过止动槽固定连接。
2、下连接板52。
由下基板部521和下支臂522构成，下基板部521与下支臂522一体结构。
下基板部521的上端缘为多个齿牙，其与上连接板51下端缘的齿牙相啮合，其作用是，当康复者佩戴该矫正器7做康复运动时，利于其小腿弯曲，即：便于膝关节活动。
在下基板部521上也设有螺栓孔。
下基板部521通过刚性且具有较好强度的下支臂522与小腿护板2相连接，下基板部521与下支臂522最好为一体结构。
本发明的上支臂515和下支臂522优选金属材质，最好为重量较轻的铝合金板。
3、内夹板53和外夹板54。
其为刚性且具有较好强度的塑胶板或金属板。
在内夹板53与外夹板54的上下位置均开有两个螺栓孔，上边的螺栓孔与上基板部511上的螺栓孔相对应，下边的螺栓孔与下基板部521上的螺栓孔相对应，通过螺栓可将内夹板53与外夹板54分别固定在上基板部511和下基板部521的内侧和外侧，即将上基板部511与下基板部521的相接部分紧紧夹在内夹板53与外夹板54之间，从而使上支臂515、安装架512、上基板部511、下基板部521和下支臂522组成刚性且为一体的结构。
在内夹板53的外侧还设有柔性护垫板56，该柔性护垫板56紧贴膝关节，在该矫正器对膝关节施压时，柔性护垫板56可给康复者一种柔性、和缓且较舒适的压力感。
内夹板53和外夹板54也可分别由压片和耐磨片组合构成，耐磨片介于压片与对应的基板部之间。
4、调压组件。
如图11、12、13所示，由主动件蜗杆514和从动件蜗轮513构成。
1）主动件蜗杆514，如前所述，设置在从动件蜗轮513之上且与上基板部511相垂直的蜗杆腔中，其与从动件蜗轮513相啮合。
主动件蜗杆514通过专用工具旋拧设置在主动件蜗杆514外端面上的螺母，即可使主动件蜗杆514旋转。
2）从动件蜗轮513，与主动件蜗杆514相垂直，在其底部设有条状的凹槽5131，对应的，在所述蜗轮腔的底面上设有条状且与上基板部511固接在一起的卡销5132，将从动件蜗轮513以所述卡销5132嵌入所述凹槽5131中的方式，安装在蜗轮腔的两个里侧轴架5121之间。
3）调压操作。
旋拧主动件蜗杆514可使从动件蜗轮513转动，从动件蜗轮513的转动可拨动所述卡销5132迫使上基板部511作与从动件蜗轮513相同方向的转动（由于从动件蜗轮513与里侧轴架5121设置在同一转轴上，而且，上基板部与里侧轴架5121为一体结构，所以，从动件蜗轮513与上基板部511的转动方向相同），以此，改变矫正板5所在平面与大腿护板1与小腿护板2连线间的夹角。
4）矫正板5的转动角度。
如图9、10所示，为了让使用该矫正器7的康复者准确知道其调节矫正板5的力度，可在安装架512的外侧面（即外侧轴架5122的外侧面上）设置角度标记线55（也称角度变化刻度值），对应的，在上基板部511的外侧面设置指示箭头，当从动件蜗轮513旋转一角度时，对应的，所述指示箭头所指角度标记线55也发生变化。
该结构可使康复者按照医嘱要求进行准确的角度调节。
四、高度调节件。
如图7所示，高度调节件包括上调节件和下调节件，“调节”是指分别调节矫正板5与大腿护板1和小腿护板2之间的距离，以便该矫正器7适用于腿长不同的康复群体使用。
本发明的上调节件和下调节件可采用如下几种结构：
1、上调节件和下调节件分别为所述的上支臂515和下支臂522。
在上支臂515的上部和下支臂522的下部均间隔设有若干调距卡孔6和定位螺孔61，对应的，在大腿护板1的内侧和小腿护板2的内侧均设有与调距卡孔6数量相同的调距凸块62和至少一个定位孔63，所述调距凸块62可适配卡置在任一个所述调距卡孔6中，通过定位螺钉穿过选定的定位螺孔61和定位孔63可将大腿护板1和小腿护板2分别与矫正板5之间的间距固定在设定长度的位置。
2、上调节件和下调节件分别为所述的上支臂515（针对该种结构，将其又称为上支臂插带）和下支臂522（针对该种结构，将其又称为下支臂插带）。
在上支臂515和下支臂522的侧面均设有若干个卡槽，在大腿护板1和小腿护板2的内侧分别设有长条状的四面闭合、端面为敞口的滑盒。
在滑盒边侧的设定位置设有窗孔，窗孔上装配有弹性按压式的卡键，当将上支臂515、下支臂522插入对应的滑盒中时，所述卡键的内端可穿过窗孔卡在对应的支臂边侧的卡槽中，由此，将上支臂515和下支臂522固定在设定的位置。
通过调节上支臂515和下支臂522插入对应滑盒的浓度来调节矫正板5与大腿护板1或小腿护板2之间的距离。
3、上调节件和下调节件分别为所述的上支臂515（针对该种结构，其又称上基带）和下支臂522（针对该种结构，其又称下基带）。
在上支臂515和下支臂522的外侧设有魔术贴的毛面，在大腿护板1和小腿护板2的内侧分别设有由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上板基片和下板基片，在上板基片和下板基片的内侧均设有魔术贴的勾面。
操作时，将上支臂515和下支臂522上的毛面与对应护板上的勾面粘贴在一起，即先调节好矫正板5分别与大腿护板1与小腿护板2之间的距离，再将其穿戴在腿上并收紧固定即可，非常方便。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，包括大腿护板（1）、小腿护板（2）和连接在大腿护板（1）与小腿护板（2）之间的可对膝骨关节施加横向可调节压力的矫正板（5），其特征在于：所述矫正板（5）的上端部通过可调节长度的上调节件与大腿护板（1）相接，所述矫正板（5）的下端部通过可调节长度的下调节件与小腿护板（2）相接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：所述的上调节件由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上支臂（515）和与矫正板（5）的上端部固接的连接扣构成，上支臂（515）的下端穿设于连接扣中，通过螺钉将该下端与连接扣固定连接，在上支臂（515）的上部间隔设有若干调距卡孔（6）和定位螺孔（61），对应的，在大腿护板（1）的内侧设有与调距卡孔（6）数量相同的调距凸块（62）和至少一个定位孔（63），所述调距凸块（62）可适配卡置在任一个所述调距卡孔（6）中，通过定位螺钉穿过选定的定位螺孔（61）和定位孔（63）可将大腿护板（1）与矫正板（5）之间的间距固定在设定长度的位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：所述的下调节件为刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的下支臂（522），下支臂（522）的上端与矫正板（5）的基板为一体结构，在下支臂（522）的下部间隔设有若干调距卡孔（6）和定位螺孔（61），对应的，在小腿护板（2）的内侧设有与调距卡孔（6）数量相同的调距凸块（62）和至少一个定位孔（63），所述调距凸块（62）可适配卡置在任一个所述调距卡孔（6）中，通过定位螺钉穿过选定的定位螺孔（61）和定位孔（63）可将小腿护板（2）与矫正板（5）之间的间距固定在设定长度的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：所述的上调节件和下调节件结构相同，分别为与矫正板（5）的基板为一体结构且由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上支臂插带和下支臂插带，在上支臂插带和下支臂插带的侧面均设有若干个卡槽，在大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）的内侧分别设有长条状的可使所述上支臂插带或下支臂插带插入其中的闭合式的滑盒，在滑盒边侧的设定位置设有窗孔，窗孔上装配有弹性按压式的卡键，所述卡键的内端穿过窗孔可卡在置于滑盒中的上支臂插带或下支臂插带上的任一个所述卡槽中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：所述的上调节件和下调节件结构相同，分别为与矫正板（5）的基板为一体结构且由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上基带和下基带，在上基带和下基带的外侧设有魔术贴的毛面，在大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）的内侧分别设有由刚性且具较好强度的材质制作的上板基片和下板基片，在上板基片和下板基片的内侧均设有魔术贴的勾面。
  6. 根据权利要求1－5中任一项所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：所述大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）均为刚性且具有较高强度的硬质板，大腿护板（1）分大腿上支架（11）和位于大腿上支架（11）下边侧的大腿下支架（12），大腿上支架（11）为双段弧形，当将其绑至大腿上时，其中部紧贴大腿内侧或外侧；小腿护板（2）分小腿上支架（21）和位于小腿上支架（21）下边侧的小腿下支架（22），小腿上支架（21）也为双段弧形，当将其绑在小腿上时，其小腿上支架（21）紧贴内侧或外侧；配置给大腿上支架（11）、大腿下支架（12）和小腿下支架（22）的绑带（3）按照人体工学原理为防止滑落且在平铺展开后呈中间高于两端的弧形带，配置给小腿上支架（21）的绑带（3）按照人体工学原理为防止滑落且在平铺展开后呈中间低于两端的弧形带。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：在大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）上设有多个大小不一的透气孔（4），在大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）的内侧面上设有多条与所述透气孔（4）相通的透气凹槽（41）。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：在所述矫正板（5）的边侧设有可显示调节所述矫正板（5）对膝骨关节施压力度的角度变化刻度值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：设置在大腿护板（1）和小腿护板（2）上的绑带扣（33），可在对应护板所在的垂直弧面内以水平面为界做上下45度偏转；同时，绑带扣（33）可在对应护板的外侧由前至后做180度偏转。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于治疗膝骨性关节炎的矫正器，其特征在于：在大腿护板（1）的对侧设置具有弹性的大腿内衬护垫（13），在小腿护板（2）的对侧设置具有弹性的小腿内衬护垫（23）。
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