WO2021093301A1 - 一种能量回收利用装置 - Google Patents

一种能量回收利用装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021093301A1
WO2021093301A1 PCT/CN2020/091641 CN2020091641W WO2021093301A1 WO 2021093301 A1 WO2021093301 A1 WO 2021093301A1 CN 2020091641 W CN2020091641 W CN 2020091641W WO 2021093301 A1 WO2021093301 A1 WO 2021093301A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
energy
cylinder
ports
dual
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PCT/CN2020/091641
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何清华
唐中勇
刘昌盛
吴民旺
戴鹏
李赛白
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山河智能装备股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021093301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021093301A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the energy recovery technology of a hydraulic system, and in particular relates to a hydraulic system energy recovery and utilization device that drives an external potent device.
  • Excavator is a kind of commonly used construction machinery.
  • the excavating arm often uses hydraulic oil to act on the cylinder to achieve its lifting. Because the mass of the arm and the stick and bucket acting on it are large, it is mainly used as an excavator.
  • the external potential device (the “potential device” referred to here refers to the change of potential energy during the operation of the device).
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an energy recovery and utilization device that can further improve the energy recovery efficiency in view of the low energy recovery and utilization efficiency of the external potential device in the existing engineering equipment.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve.
  • An energy recovery and utilization device includes a three-position seven-way reversing valve 7, a dual oil source coupler 8 and an accumulator 6.
  • the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 includes a neutral position, an energy release position, and an energy recovery position. It is provided with an oil inlet, an oil return, two groups of working oil ports, and three groups of energy-saving oil ports. Port, oil return port, and two groups of working oil ports are respectively connected to the two oil ports of the drive cylinder and the inlet and outlet oil circuits of the hydraulic system. One group of energy-saving oil ports is connected to the accumulator 6, and the other two groups of energy-saving oil ports are connected to The dual oil source coupler 8 is connected in parallel to one of the oil ports of the driving oil cylinder.
  • the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 is in the neutral position, and the two oil ports of the drive cylinder and the hydraulic system's inlet and outlet oil passages pass through the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 oil inlet, oil return and The two groups of working oil ports are connected to form a circuit, and the three groups of energy-saving oil ports are cut off respectively.
  • the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 is located at the energy recovery position, and the two oil ports of the drive cylinder are in differential communication through the two sets of working oil ports of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7.
  • the oil ports are respectively connected to the energy-saving oil port connected to the accumulator 6 and the oil inlet connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic system, the oil return port and the two groups of energy-saving oil ports connected to the dual oil source coupler 8 Respectively.
  • the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 is located at the energy release position, one of the oil ports of the drive cylinder is connected to the oil return path of the hydraulic system through one group of working oil ports and the oil inlet, and the other group of working oil ports is blocked.
  • the oil return port is connected to one of the energy-saving oil ports connected to the dual oil source coupler 8.
  • the other oil port of the drive cylinder is respectively connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic system and the accumulator 6 through the dual oil source coupler 8. .
  • a one-way valve is provided to connect the working oil ports of the two oil ports of the driving cylinder to realize one-way differential communication.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 is a dual-cylinder coupler, including a first cylinder 81 and a second cylinder 82 arranged in parallel.
  • the piston 83 is synchronously connected, and the internal oil chambers of the first cylinder 81 and the second cylinder 82 are respectively connected to the two groups of energy-saving oil ports of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 as the oil inlet end of the dual oil source coupler.
  • the other oil cavity of the first cylinder 81 or the second cylinder 82 is connected in parallel to one of the oil ports of the driving oil cylinder through the output end, and the oil cavity is connected to the oil tank through a one-way oil inlet.
  • a return spring 85 for returning the piston 83 is provided inside the double-cylinder coupler.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 is a dual motor coupler, including two sets of coupled motors arranged in parallel, and the input ends of the two sets of coupled motors are respectively connected to a three-position seven-way switch Two groups of energy-saving oil ports of the direction valve 7, the output ends of the two groups of coupling motors are connected in parallel and then connected in parallel to one of the oil ports of the driving oil cylinder.
  • a check valve 9 is provided on the parallel oil path between the dual oil source coupler 8 and the driving oil cylinder.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects.
  • the present invention adopts the implementation of the above-mentioned technical scheme, through the three-position seven-way reversing valve to change the driving oil cylinder of the external potential device in and out of the oil path, and the regenerative energy recovery method in which the two oil chambers of the driving cylinder are differentially communicated, and the external
  • the potential energy of the potent device avoids the use of pumps and motors with lower energy-saving efficiency, which can reduce the output flow of the main pump or eliminate one main pump to participate in the work in the dual main pump system, saving energy consumption;
  • the oil source coupler and accumulator together with the recovered hydraulic energy and the hydraulic energy provided by the main hydraulic pump drive the drive cylinder to overcome the potential energy action, the recovered energy is released more smoothly, and the reliability of the device is improved.
  • FIGS 1a and 1b are schematic diagrams of existing hydraulic energy recovery and utilization devices in the background art.
  • Figure 2 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the energy recovery and utilization device in this embodiment.
  • FIGS 3a and 3b are structural schematic diagrams of two dual oil source couplers in this embodiment.
  • this embodiment takes the boom drive hydraulic system of an excavator as an example for description.
  • the boom 1 drives the lifting and lowering actions through the boom cylinder 2.
  • the weight of the stick, bucket, and excavated material changes in gravity potential energy.
  • the change in gravity potential energy directly acts on the boom cylinder 2 supporting the boom 1, and the hydraulic oil is converted into hydraulic pressure by the piston inside the boom cylinder 2 Energy.
  • the energy recovery and utilization device of the present invention is added to the boom hydraulic system 3 of the boom boom cylinder to realize the recovery and utilization of this part of the hydraulic energy.
  • the boom cylinder 2 is driven by the boom hydraulic system 3 and the dual hydraulic main pump 4 to achieve the lifting and lowering actions of the boom 1.
  • the boom hydraulic system 3 is a mature excavating boom hydraulic control technology. The detailed description of the boom hydraulic system 3 is omitted.
  • the energy recovery and utilization device used in this embodiment includes a three-position seven-way reversing valve 7, a dual oil source coupler 8 and an accumulator 6, wherein the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 is arranged on the boom cylinder 2 and the boom Between the inlet and outlet oil paths of the hydraulic system 3, it is used to realize the normal operation of the boom cylinder, energy recovery and energy release.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 passes through the oil path to the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 and the boom
  • the inlet and outlet oil circuits of the oil cylinder 2 are arranged in parallel for coupling and summarizing the active hydraulic energy of the boom hydraulic system 3 and the recovered hydraulic energy during the energy release process.
  • the accumulator 6 and the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 pass the oil The road is used to recover, store and release hydraulic energy.
  • the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 of this embodiment includes a neutral position, an energy release position, and an energy recovery position. Each position is provided with an oil inlet C, an oil return D, a working oil port E, and working oil.
  • Port F, energy-saving oil port G, energy-saving oil port H and energy-saving oil port I among which, the oil inlet C and the oil return port D are connected to the oil inlet A and oil outlet B of the boom hydraulic system 3, and the working oil port E and working oil port F are respectively connected to the two oil ports of boom cylinder 2 with rod cavity and rodless cavity, energy-saving oil port I is connected to accumulator 6, energy-saving oil port G and energy-saving oil port H are respectively connected to The two input ends of the dual oil source coupler 8 and the output end of the dual oil source coupler 8 are connected in parallel with the working oil port connected to the inlet and outlet oil circuits of the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2, and the dual oil source coupler 8 is connected in parallel with the A check valve 9 is provided on the parallel oil circuit of the drive cylinder to prevent the oil in the oil circuit of the boom cylinder in the normal mode from flowing back into the dual oil source coupler.
  • the two oil ports with rod cavity and rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2 and the in and out oil passages A and B of the boom hydraulic system 3 pass through the three-position seven-way
  • the oil inlet C, the oil return port D and the two groups of working oil ports E and F of the directional valve 7 are directly connected to form a circuit.
  • the other three groups of energy-saving oil ports G, H, I are separately blocked, and the boom cylinder 2 passes through the boom
  • the hydraulic system 3 is driven in the normal mode of lifting and lowering actions, and the boom cylinder 2 does not have an energy recovery function at this time.
  • the boom cylinder 2 drives the boom 1 down to collect gravitational potential energy.
  • the two oil ports of the boom cylinder 2 with rod cavity and rodless cavity are differentially connected through the two sets of working oil ports E and F of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7.
  • the working oil ports E and F are also connected to and
  • the energy-saving oil port I connected to the accumulator 6 is connected to the oil inlet C connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic system.
  • the oil return port D and the energy-saving oil ports G and H connected to the dual oil source coupler 8 are respectively cut off, and the boom The hydraulic system 3 provides a smaller displacement of hydraulic oil to enter the rod cavity of the boom cylinder 2.
  • the boom cylinder 2 returns most of the oil in the rodless cavity to the accumulator under the action of the gravity potential energy of the boom. 6 Internal storage pressure, a small part of the oil differentially returns to the inside of the rod cavity of the boom cylinder 2. In the energy recovery position of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7, setting a one-way valve will make the energy recovery process
  • the hydraulic oil can only circulate in one direction from the working port F connected to the rod-less cavity to the working port E connected to the rod cavity to achieve one-way differential communication and maintain the stability and reliability of the boom descent process. At this time, the dual oil sources are coupled
  • the device 8 has no effect.
  • the pressure collected by the accumulator 6 enters the boom cylinder 2 to drive the boom 1 upward, and the rod cavity oil port of the boom cylinder 2 passes through
  • the working oil port E and the oil inlet C on the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 are connected to the oil return path of the boom hydraulic system 3, and the operation is realized through the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2 and the oil return of the rod cavity.
  • the action of the boom cylinder 2, the working oil port F connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the boom cylinder 2 is cut off, and the oil return port D of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 is switched to the oil inlet of the boom hydraulic system 3.
  • the oil return port D is connected to one of the energy-saving oil ports G connected to the dual oil source coupler 8.
  • the oil inlet of the boom hydraulic system 3 passes through the dual oil source coupler 8.
  • the other energy-saving oil port H connected to the dual oil source coupler 8 is connected to the other energy-saving oil port I connected to the accumulator 6, and the pressure oil stored in the accumulator 6 passes through the dual oil source
  • the coupler is coupled with the oil inlet of the boom hydraulic system 3 and enters the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2 to drive the boom to lift.
  • the boom is driven to lift again by the previously recovered boom down potential energy, due to the accumulator 6
  • the addition of internal recovery energy can reduce the displacement of the boom hydraulic system 3 during the boom lifting process, and ultimately achieve the effect of energy saving.
  • the three-position seven-way solenoid valve 7 can be electrically controlled. When the DT1 and DT2 solenoid valves of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 are not energized, they are in the neutral position. Between the oil return port D and the working oil port F, the oil inlet Port C and working oil port E are respectively connected, and the middle position is used to communicate with the conventional oil circuit of the boom cylinder 2 and the boom hydraulic system 3 in the non-energy-saving mode, and the boom cylinder 2 is driven to operate normally through the boom hydraulic system 3; The DT1 solenoid valve of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 enters the energy release position when it is energized.
  • the energy-saving port I and the energy-saving port H, the oil return port D and the energy-saving port G, the oil inlet C and the working port E are respectively At this time, the rod cavity of the boom cylinder 2 realizes oil return through the oil inlet C and the working oil port E and the boom hydraulic system 3.
  • the oil output from the accumulator 6 and the main hydraulic pump respectively pass through the energy-saving oil port I
  • the communication channel with the energy-saving oil port H, the communication channel between the oil return port D and the energy-saving oil port G enter the dual oil source coupler 8 to merge, and then pass into the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2 through the one-way valve 9.
  • the DT2 solenoid valve of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 enters the energy recovery position when it is energized, and the energy-saving oil port I and the working oil port F, and the oil inlet C and the working oil port E are respectively connected ,
  • the main hydraulic pump supplies oil to the rod cavity of the boom cylinder 2 from the oil inlet C and the working oil port E through the boom hydraulic system 3.
  • the oil between the energy-saving oil port I and the working oil port F can pass through the internal single The valve enters the oil inlet C and the working oil port E, and vice versa.
  • the differential connection of the boom cylinder is realized, and the effective area of balancing the boom load is changed from the internal piston area of the boom cylinder 2 to the end area of the piston rod. , The effective area is reduced by about half, and the back pressure of the balanced boom is nearly doubled. Except for part of the oil in the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder returns to the rod cavity, the rest of the oil enters the accumulator 6 through the energy-saving oil port I. And realize the pressurized energy recovery.
  • the use of the regenerative energy pressurization recovery method in which the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder 2 are interconnected avoids the energy recovery of pumps and motors with low energy saving efficiency.
  • the dual oil source coupler is used to match the hydraulic main pump in parallel, and the pump is used With the energy recovery of the energy storage device, the energy utilization rate can reach more than 85%.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 of this embodiment can adopt a dual hydraulic cylinder structure and a dual motor structure.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 with a dual-cylinder structure includes a first cylinder 81 and a second cylinder 82 arranged in parallel.
  • the first cylinder 81 and the second cylinder 82 are respectively provided with input terminals IN1 and IN2, and the first cylinder 81 is synchronously connected with the piston 83 inside the second cylinder 82.
  • the piston inside the first cylinder 81 separates the inside into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity.
  • the piston rod with the rod cavity extends to be integrated with the piston inside the second cylinder 82 Connected, the piston inside the second cylinder 82 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder barrel, connecting the rod cavity and the rodless cavity inside the second cylinder 82, the rod cavity of the first cylinder 81 and the rodless cavity of the second cylinder 82 pass through IN1 and IN2 is connected to the two groups of energy-saving oil ports of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7 as the oil inlet end of the dual oil source coupler.
  • the other oil chamber of the first cylinder 81 is connected in parallel to the boom cylinder through the output end OUT An oil port, and the oil cavity is connected to the oil tank through a one-way oil inlet 84.
  • the pressure oil inside the accumulator 6 enters the rodless cavity of the second cylinder 82 through IN2, and the main hydraulic pump 4 passes through the boom hydraulic system 3.
  • the supplied hydraulic oil enters the rod cavity of the first cylinder 81 through IN1, and the two together push the piston 83 to squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the rodless cavity of the first cylinder 81, and increase the oil through the output port OUT on the first cylinder 81.
  • the pressure is output to the boom cylinder 2 to realize the coupling effect of the double oil source provided by the accumulator 6 and the main hydraulic pump 4.
  • the first cylinder 81 is provided with a return position for the piston 83 to return inside the rodless cavity where the output end is located.
  • the spring 85 after the boom is lifted, the return spring 85 pushes the piston 83 back, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil sucked into the oil tank through the one-way oil inlet 84 is filled into the rodless cavity inside the first cylinder 81.
  • the dual oil source coupler 8 with a dual motor structure includes a first coupled motor 86 and a second coupled motor 87 arranged in parallel, wherein the input terminal IN1 of the first coupled motor 86 and the input of the second coupled motor 87
  • the terminal IN2 is respectively connected to the two groups of energy-saving oil ports G and H of the three-position seven-way reversing valve 7.
  • the output ends of the first coupling motor 86 and the second coupling motor 87 are connected to the output end OUT of the coupler through the oil circuit. It is connected to the rodless cavity oil port of the boom cylinder 2 in parallel, and the double oil sources provided by the accumulator 6 and the hydraulic main pump 4 are respectively coupled through two sets of coupling motors.
  • the energy recovery and utilization device in this embodiment not only does not reduce the reliability of the excavating arm, but also achieves high efficiency and energy saving.
  • This embodiment can not only be used for the recovery and utilization of the potential energy of the boom of the excavator, but also can be used for the energy recovery of other potential devices with potential energy changes in other operations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

一种能量回收利用装置，包括三位七通换向阀（7）、双油源耦合器（8）和蓄能器（6）；所述三位七通换向阀（7）包括中位、能量释放位和能量回收位，其上设有进油口、回油口、两组工作油口以及三组节能油口，所述进油口、回油口以及两组工作油口分别对接动臂油缸（2）的两个油口以及液压系统的进出油路，其中一组节能油口连接至蓄能器（6），另外两组节能油口汇接至双油源耦合器（8），所述双油源耦合器（8）并联连接至动臂油缸（2）的其中一个油口，该能量回收利用装置通过三位七通换向阀（7）改变外部有势装置的动臂油缸（2）进出油路，通过动臂油缸（2）的两个油腔差动互通的再生能量回收方式，高效回收了外部有势装置的势能，并且保证了装置工作的可靠性。

Description

一种能量回收利用装置 技术领域
本发明属于液压系统能量回收技术，具体涉及一种驱动外部有势装置的液压系统能量回收利用装置。
 背景技术
在全球环境污染、能源短缺的大背景下，政府、行业与市场对大型机械装备的能耗与排放提出了更高的要求，节能减排技术已成为工程机械装备领域的研究热点。挖掘机是一种常用的工程机械，挖掘机动臂为常利用液压油作用在油缸上来实现其升降，由于动臂及作用在其上的斗杆、铲斗等质量较大，作为挖掘机上主要的外部有势装置（这里所指的“有势装置”是指该装置在工作过程中会产生势能的变化），为防止动臂装置在下降过程中易出现失重现象，以往的解决方法是在油缸大腔回流管道上设有节流装置以产生可调背压进行速度控制，因而动臂装置的能量绝大部分转化成热能，被白白地浪费掉了，而且为了防止液压油的温度大幅度升高对系统带来的危害，还需设有散热装置，进一步造成设备成本增加。
为了提高挖掘机的能量利用率及充分利用挖掘机平台的成熟可靠性，大部分厂家都是基于挖掘机原平台进行能量回收利用装置的研制开发，但如何实现能量的高效地回收利用及使蓄能器元件容积小型化是能量回收利用技术工程化实施的难点，目前能量回收利用技术通常的方法如图1a和图1b中所示，是利用液压主泵4和回收泵5串联作为二次元件进行增压回收和再次利用，液压油回流时，通过液压主泵作为驱动件驱动回收泵将液压油泵入蓄能器6内部储存实现能量回收，在需要泵送油液驱动动臂举升时，蓄能器6内部的压力油和液压主泵4泵送的压力油汇合实现回收的能量利用，由于单个元件的能量转化效率一般不超过85%，将液压主泵4和回收泵5串联设置后，回收利用一次的最大效率相乘之后最大只有52%，因而节能效果并不理想，能量浪费仍比较严重。
 技术问题
本发明解决的技术问题是：针对现有工程设备中外部有势装置的能量回收利用效率不高的问题，提供一种能够进一步提升能量回收效率的能量回收利用装置。
 技术解决方案
本发明采用如下技术方案实现。
一种能量回收利用装置，包括三位七通换向阀7、双油源耦合器8和蓄能器6。
所述三位七通换向阀7包括中位、能量释放位和能量回收位，其上设有进油口、回油口、两组工作油口以及三组节能油口，所述进油口、回油口以及两组工作油口分别对接驱动油缸的两个油口以及液压系统的进出油路，其中一组节能油口连接至蓄能器6，另外两组节能油口汇接至双油源耦合器8，所述双油源耦合器8并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口。
所述三位七通换向阀7位于中位，所述驱动油缸的两个油口与液压系统的进出油路通过所述三位七通换向阀7的进油口、回油口以及两组工作油口连通形成回路，三组所述节能油口分别截止。
所述三位七通换向阀7位于能量回收位，所述驱动油缸的两个油口通过所述三位七通换向阀7的两组工作油口形成差动连通，该两组工作油口还分别连通至与连接蓄能器6的节能油口以及连接至液压系统进油路的进油口连通，所述回油口以及连接至双油源耦合器8的两组节能油口分别截止。
所述三位七通换向阀7位于能量释放位，所述驱动油缸其中一个油口通过其中一组工作油口以及进油口连通液压系统的回油路，另外一组工作油口截止，回油口与连接至双油源耦合器8的其中一组节能油口连通，所述驱动油缸另外一个油口通过双油源耦合器8分别连接至液压系统的进油路和蓄能器6。
进一步的，所述三位七通换向阀7的能量回收位中，设有单向阀将所述驱动油缸的两个油口连接的工作油口实现单向差动连通。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述双油源耦合器8为双缸耦合器，包括并联设置的第一缸81和第二缸82，所述第一缸81与第二缸82内部的活塞83同步连接，所述第一缸81和第二缸82内部油腔分别连接至三位七通换向阀7的两组节能油口，作为双油源耦合器的进油端，所述第一缸81或第二缸82的另一油腔通过输出端并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口，同时该油腔通过单向进油路连接油箱。
进一步的，所述双缸耦合器内部设有用于活塞83回位的回位弹簧85。
作为本发明的另一种优选方案，所述双油源耦合器8为双马达耦合器，包括并联设置的两组耦合马达，两组所述耦合马达的输入端分别连接至三位七通换向阀7的两组节能油口，两组所述耦合马达的输出端并联汇接后再并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口。
在本发明的能量回收利用装置中，所述双油源耦合器8与驱动油缸的并联油路上设有单向阀9。
 有益效果
本发明具有如下有益效果。
本发明采用上述技术方案的实施，通过三位七通换向阀改变外部有势装置的驱动油缸进出油路，通过驱动油缸的两个油腔差动互通的再生能量回收方式，高效回收了外部有势装置的势能，避开了节能效率较低的泵和马达的使用，可以减小主泵的输出流量或者在双主泵系统中省去一个主泵参与工作，节约了能耗；通过双油源耦合器和蓄能器对回收的液压能量和液压主泵提供的液压能量一同再次带动驱动油缸克服势能动作，回收利用的能量释放更平稳，提高了装置工作的可靠性。
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
 附图说明
图1a、1b为背景技术中的现有液压能量回收利用装置示意图。
图2为本实施例中的能量回收利用装置的液压示意图。
图3a、3b为本实施例中的两种双油源耦合器的结构示意图。
图中标号：1-动臂，2-动臂油缸，3-动臂液压系统，4-液压主泵，5-回收泵，6-蓄能器，7-三位七通换向阀，8-双油源耦合器，81-第一缸，82-第二缸，83-活塞，84-进油路，85-回位弹簧，86-第一耦合马达，87-第二耦合马达，9-单向阀。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
在此处键入本发明的最佳实施方式描述段落。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例。
参见图2，本实施例以挖掘机的动臂驱动液压系统为例进行说明，动臂1通过动臂油缸2驱动举升和下降动作，在下降的过程中，动臂1连同其上连接的斗杆、铲斗以及挖掘的物料重量发生重力势能的变化，该重力势能的变化直接作用在支撑动臂1的动臂油缸2上，通过动臂油缸2内部的活塞挤压液压油转换成液压能量，本实施例通过在动臂动臂油缸的动臂液压系统3上增加设置本发明的能量回收利用装置，实现该部分液压能量的回收利用。
动臂油缸2通过动臂液压系统3和双联的液压主泵4驱动伸缩来实现动臂1的举升和下降动作，动臂液压系统3为成熟的挖掘机动臂液压控制技术，在此不对动臂液压系统3进行赘述。本实施例中采用的能量回收利用装置包括三位七通换向阀7、双油源耦合器8和蓄能器6，其中三位七通换向阀7设置于动臂油缸2和动臂液压系统3的进出油路之间，用于实现动臂油缸正常工作、能量回收和能量释放的油路切换，双油源耦合器8通过油路与三位七通换向阀7和动臂油缸2的进出油路并联设置，用于能量释放过程中对动臂液压系统3的主动液压能量和回收释放的液压能量进行耦合汇总，蓄能器6与三位七通换向阀7通过油路连同，用于回收储存并释放液压能量。
其中，本实施例的三位七通换向阀7包括中位、能量释放位和能量回收位，每个位置上均设有进油口C、回油口D、工作油口E、工作油口F、节能油口G、节能油口H以及节能油口I，其中，进油口C和回油口D对接至动臂液压系统3的进油路A和出油路B，工作油口E和工作油口F分别对接动臂油缸2对应有杆腔和无杆腔的两个油口，节能油口I连接至蓄能器6，节能油口G、节能油口H分别汇接至双油源耦合器8的两个输入端，双油源耦合器8的输出端与工作油口连接至动臂油缸2无杆腔的进出油路并联连接，并在双油源耦合器8与驱动油缸的并联油路上设置单向阀9，防止正常模式的动臂油缸油路中的油液倒流进入双油源耦合器。
该三位七通换向阀7内部的具体机能如下。
当三位七通换向阀7位于中位时，动臂油缸2有杆腔和无杆腔的两个油口与动臂液压系统3的进出油路A、B之间通过三位七通换向阀7的进油口C、回油口D以及两组工作油口E、F直接连通形成回路，另外的三组节能油口G、H、I分别截止，动臂油缸2通过动臂液压系统3进行举升和下降动作的常规模式驱动，此时动臂油缸2不具备能量回收作用。
当切换三位七通换向阀7切换至能量回收位时，动臂油缸2驱动动臂1下降，收集重力势能。动臂油缸2有杆腔和无杆腔的两个油口通过三位七通换向阀7的两组工作油口E、F形成差动连通，工作油口E、F还分别连通至与连接蓄能器6的节能油口I以及连接至液压系统进油路的进油口C连通，回油口D以及连接至双油源耦合器8的节能油口G、H分别截止，动臂液压系统3提供较小排量的液压油进入动臂油缸2的有杆腔内，动臂油缸2在动臂重力势能的作用下将无杆腔内部的油液大部分回流收集到蓄能器6内部储存压力，小部分油液差动回流到动臂油缸2的有杆腔内部，在三位七通换向阀7的能量回收位中，设置单向阀将使得在能量回收过程中的液压油只能够从连接无杆腔的工作油口F单向流通至连接有杆腔的工作油口E，实现单向差动连通，保持动臂下降过程的稳定可靠，此时双油源耦合器8不产生作用。
当切换三位七通换向阀7切换至位于能量释放位时，利用蓄能器6收集的压力进入动臂油缸2向上驱动动臂1举升，动臂油缸2的有杆腔油口通过工作油口E和三位七通换向阀7上的进油口C连通至动臂液压系统3的回油路，通过动臂油缸2的无杆腔进油、有杆腔回油实现动臂油缸2的动作，连接至动臂油缸2无杆腔油口的工作油口F截止，三位七通换向阀7的回油口D切换连接至动臂液压系统3的进油路，同时在三位七通换向阀7内部，回油口D与连接至双油源耦合器8的其中一组节能油口G连通，动臂液压系统3的进油通过双油源耦合器8进入无杆腔，同时，连接双油源耦合器8的另一节能油口H与连接至蓄能器6的另一节能油口I连通，蓄能器6内部储存的压力油通过双油源耦合器与动臂液压系统3的进油耦合后一同进入动臂油缸2的无杆腔，驱动动臂举升，通过之前回收的动臂下降势能驱动动臂再次举升，由于蓄能器6内回收能量的加入，可以减小动臂液压系统3在动臂举升过程中的排量，最终实现节能的效果。
三位七通电磁阀7可采用电控换向，当三位七通换向阀7的DT1、DT2电磁阀不得电时处于中位，回油口D与工作油口F之间、进油口C与工作油口E之间分别连通，中位用于非节能模式下动臂油缸2与动臂液压系统3的常规油路连通，通过动臂液压系统3驱动动臂油缸2正常动作；三位七通换向阀7的DT1电磁阀得电时进入能量释放位，节能油口I与节能油口H、回油口D与节能油口G、进油口C与工作油口E分别连通，此时动臂油缸2的有杆腔通过进油口C与工作油口E及动臂液压系统3实现回油，蓄能器6与液压主泵输出的油液分别通过节能油口I与节能油口H的连通通道、回油口D与节能油口G的连通通道进入双油源耦合器8合流，然后再通过单向阀9通入动臂油缸2的无杆腔，共同举升动臂做功；三位七通换向阀7的DT2电磁阀得电时进入能量回收位，节能油口I与工作油口F之间、进油口C与工作油口E之间分别连通，液压主泵通过动臂液压系统3从进油口C与工作油口E向动臂油缸2的有杆腔供油，节能油口I与工作油口F之间的油液可通过内部单向阀进入进油口C与工作油口E，反之则不能，因而实现动臂油缸的差动连接，平衡动臂负载的作用面积由动臂油缸2内部活塞面积变为活塞杆的端部面积，作用面积减小约一半，平衡动臂背压增大近一倍，动臂油缸无杆腔的油液除一部分返回有杆腔外，其余的油液通过节能油口I进入蓄能器6而实现增压能量回收。利用动臂油缸2的有杆腔和无杆腔互通的再生能量增压回收方法，避开了节能效率较低的泵与马达回收能量，通过双油源耦合器并联液压主泵匹配，利用泵与蓄能器能量的利用回收的能量，使能量利用率可以达到85%以上。
本实施例的双油源耦合器8可以采用双液压缸结构和双马达结构。
如图3a所示，双缸结构的双油源耦合器8包括并联设置的第一缸81和第二缸82，第一缸81和第二缸82分别设置输入端IN1和IN2，第一缸81与第二缸82内部的活塞83同步连接，第一缸81内部的活塞将内部分隔为有杆腔和无杆腔，有杆腔的活塞杆伸出至与第二缸82内部的活塞一体连接，第二缸82内部的活塞小于缸筒内径，将第二缸82内部的有杆腔和无杆腔连通，第一缸81的有杆腔和第二缸82无杆腔分别通过IN1和IN2连接至三位七通换向阀7的两组节能油口，作为双油源耦合器的进油端，第一缸81的另一油腔通过输出端OUT并联连接至动臂油缸的其中一个油口，同时该油腔通过单向的进油路84连接油箱，其中蓄能器6内部的压力油通过IN2进入第二缸82的无杆腔，液压主泵4通过动臂液压系统3提供的液压油通过IN1进入第一缸81的有杆腔，两者共同推动活塞83挤压第一缸81无杆腔内部的液压油，将油液通过第一缸81上的输出端OUT增压输出至动臂油缸2，实现蓄能器6和液压主泵4提供的双油源的耦合作用，第一缸81在输出端所在的无杆腔内部设有用于活塞83回位的回位弹簧85，在完成动臂举升后，回位弹簧85推动活塞83回位，同时通过单向进油路84吸入油箱内的液压油充入第一缸81内部无杆腔。
如图3b所示，双马达结构的双油源耦合器8包括并联设置的第一耦合马达86和第二耦合马达87，其中第一耦合马达86的输入端IN1和第二耦合马达87的输入端IN2分别连接至三位七通换向阀7的两组节能油口G、H，第一耦合马达86和第二耦合马达87的输出端通过油路汇接成耦合器的输出端OUT后再并联连接至动臂油缸2的无杆腔油口，通过两组耦合马达分别对蓄能器6和液压主泵4提供的双油源进行耦合。
 工业实用性
通过本实施例中的能量回收利用装置不仅没有降低挖掘机动臂的可靠性，而且实现了高效节能。本实施例不仅可以用与挖掘机的动臂势能回收利用，同样可以用于其他工作中存在势能变化的其他有势装置的能量回收。
以上的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
 序列表自由内容
在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种能量回收利用装置，其特征在于：包括三位七通换向阀（7）、双油源耦合器（8）和蓄能器（6）；
    所述三位七通换向阀（7）包括中位、能量释放位和能量回收位，其上设有进油口、回油口、两组工作油口以及三组节能油口，所述进油口、回油口以及两组工作油口分别对接驱动油缸的两个油口以及液压系统的进出油路，其中一组节能油口连接至蓄能器（6），另外两组节能油口汇接至双油源耦合器（8），所述双油源耦合器（8）并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口；
    所述三位七通换向阀（7）位于中位，所述驱动油缸的两个油口与液压系统的进出油路通过所述三位七通换向阀（7）的进油口、回油口以及两组工作油口连通形成回路，三组所述节能油口分别截止；
    所述三位七通换向阀（7）位于能量回收位，所述驱动油缸的两个油口通过所述三位七通换向阀（7）的两组工作油口形成差动连通，该两组工作油口还分别连通至与连接蓄能器（6）的节能油口以及连接至液压系统进油路的进油口连通，所述回油口以及连接至双油源耦合器（8）的两组节能油口分别截止；
    所述三位七通换向阀（7）位于能量释放位，所述驱动油缸其中一个油口通过其中一组工作油口以及进油口连通液压系统的回油路，另外一组工作油口截止，回油口与连接至双油源耦合器（8）的其中一组节能油口连通，所述驱动油缸另外一个油口通过双油源耦合器（8）分别连接至液压系统的进油路和蓄能器（6）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能量回收利用装置，所述三位七通换向阀（7）的能量回收位中，设有单向阀将所述驱动油缸的两个油口连接的工作油口实现单向差动连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种能量回收利用装置，所述双油源耦合器（8）为双缸耦合器，包括并联设置的第一缸（81）和第二缸（82），所述第一缸（81）与第二缸（82）内部的活塞（83）同步连接，所述第一缸（81）和第二缸（82）内部油腔分别连接至三位七通换向阀（7）的两组节能油口，作为双油源耦合器的进油端，所述第一缸（81）或第二缸（82）的另一油腔通过输出端并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口，同时该油腔通过单向进油路连接油箱。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种能量回收利用装置，所述双缸耦合器内部设有用于活塞（83）回位的回位弹簧（85）。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种能量回收利用装置，所述双油源耦合器（8）为双马达耦合器，包括并联设置的两组耦合马达，两组所述耦合马达的输入端分别连接至三位七通换向阀（7）的两组节能油口，两组所述耦合马达的输出端并联汇接后再并联连接至驱动油缸的其中一个油口。
  6. 根据权利要求3或5所述的一种能量回收利用装置，所述双油源耦合器（8）与驱动油缸的并联油路上设有单向阀（9）。
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CN110671393A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-10 山河智能装备股份有限公司 一种能量回收利用装置
CN210978074U (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-07-10 山河智能装备股份有限公司 一种能量回收利用装置

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