WO2021087929A1 - 一种随机接入的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种随机接入的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021087929A1
WO2021087929A1 PCT/CN2019/116425 CN2019116425W WO2021087929A1 WO 2021087929 A1 WO2021087929 A1 WO 2021087929A1 CN 2019116425 W CN2019116425 W CN 2019116425W WO 2021087929 A1 WO2021087929 A1 WO 2021087929A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
random access
message
terminal device
access process
priority value
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PCT/CN2019/116425
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵力
酉春华
娄崇
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19951643.6A priority Critical patent/EP4048004A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/116425 priority patent/WO2021087929A1/zh
Priority to CN201980102068.1A priority patent/CN114731632A/zh
Publication of WO2021087929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021087929A1/zh
Priority to US17/740,053 priority patent/US20220279591A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method and device for random access.
  • the third generation partnership project (3 rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) passed the fifth generation (the 5 th generation, 5G) communication system version 16 (release 16, Rel. 16) to support the two-step random access process
  • the proposal of the two-step process of sending the first step message by the terminal device and the second step message by the network device in response to the first message sent by the terminal device completes the terminal device's access to the network device, but how about the two-step random access process?
  • the work in the 5G communication system is still unclear, and it has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art.
  • This application provides a random access method and device, which can enable terminal equipment to quickly access the network.
  • a random access method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a terminal device or a module (such as a chip) configured in the terminal device.
  • the following takes the method executed by the terminal device as an example for description.
  • the method includes: a terminal device receives first information sent by a network device, the first information includes a priority value of a first parameter used in a random access process; the terminal device initiates a random access process according to the priority value.
  • the terminal device can preferentially select the two-step random access process according to the priority value of the first parameter or use higher power to send messages in the random access process, so as to achieve fast access to the network and reduce access time.
  • the purpose of extension is to select the two-step random access process according to the priority value of the first parameter or use higher power to send messages in the random access process, so as to achieve fast access to the network and reduce access time.
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, or the reference signal received power Threshold.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device determines whether the priority value of the first parameter is configured, and the terminal device initiates a random access procedure according to the priority value , Including: in the case that the judgment result is yes, the terminal device initiates a random access procedure according to the priority value, or, in the case that the terminal device judges that the priority value is not configured, the terminal device determines the value according to the first parameter The first value initiates a random access process, where the first value of the first parameter is used for a non-priority random access process.
  • the priority value is an optional configuration parameter
  • the terminal device adopts the priority value to initiate a random access process when the priority value is configured, which can quickly access the network to reduce time delay.
  • the first parameter includes the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the first message being the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process
  • the terminal device initiating a random access process according to the priority value includes: after the terminal device determines that the number of times the first message is sent is less than or equal to the priority value of the maximum number of transmission times of the first message, initiating a two-step random access process, Or, after determining that the number of times the first message is sent is greater than the priority value of the maximum number of times the first message is sent, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access process.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with a priority value for the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, so that the terminal device can use a two-step random access process to access the network when the number of transmissions of the first message is within the priority value range , Which can quickly access the network and reduce time delay.
  • the first parameter includes an uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order
  • the PUSCH power increase order is used by the terminal device to increase the PUSCH included in the first message.
  • Transmission power the first message is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process, and the terminal device initiates the random access process according to the priority value, including: the terminal device uses the last sent first message
  • the sum of the included PUSCH power value and the priority value of the PUSCH power climbing order is used as the PUSCH power to transmit the PUSCH.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the priority value of the PUSCH power ramping order, so that the terminal device can ramp the PUSCH power according to the priority value, and can quickly access the network and reduce time delay.
  • the first parameter includes a reference signal received power threshold
  • the terminal device initiates a random access procedure according to the priority value, including: the terminal device determines the After the received power of the reference signal is greater than the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold, a two-step random access process is initiated, or the terminal device determines that the received power of the reference signal is less than or equal to the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold , Initiate a four-step random access process.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the priority value of the reference signal receiving power threshold, so that the terminal device can preferentially use the two-step random access process to access the network, achieving the purpose of quickly accessing the network and reducing time delay.
  • the random access procedure is used for beam failure recovery or handover.
  • the priority value of the first parameter is used to initiate a random access process in a beam failure recovery scenario or a handover scenario, so that the terminal device can quickly restore the network connection or quickly switch to other cells.
  • a random access method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a network device or a module (such as a chip) configured in the network device.
  • the following takes the method executed by the network device as an example for description.
  • the method includes: a network device sends first information to a terminal device, the first information includes a priority value of a first parameter used in a random access process; and the network device receives a message sent by the terminal device during a random access process.
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, or the reference signal received power Threshold.
  • the first parameter includes the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, and the first message is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process.
  • the maximum transmission times of a message is used for the terminal device to choose to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process.
  • the first parameter includes an uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, and the PUSCH power increase order is used by the terminal device to increase the PUSCH included in the first message.
  • Transmission power the first message is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process.
  • the first parameter includes a reference signal received power threshold
  • the reference signal received power threshold is used by the terminal device to choose whether to initiate a two-step random access process or four. Step random access process.
  • the random access procedure is used for beam failure recovery or handover.
  • a communication device configured in a terminal device or is a terminal device itself, and includes: a transceiver unit for receiving first information, the first information includes being used for a random access process The priority value of the first parameter; the processing unit is used to initiate a random access process according to the priority value.
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, or the reference signal received power Threshold.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the priority value of the first parameter is configured, and the initiating a random access process according to the priority value includes : In the case where the judgment result is yes, the processing unit initiates a random access procedure according to the priority value, or, in the case where it is judged that the priority value is not configured, the terminal device will initiate a random access process according to the first value of the first parameter. Access process, where the first value of the first parameter is used in a non-priority random access process.
  • the first parameter includes the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the first message being the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process
  • the initiating a random access procedure according to the priority value includes: after the processing unit determines that the number of transmissions of the first message is less than or equal to the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, initiating a two-step random access procedure, or, The processing unit determines that the number of transmissions of the first message is greater than the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, and initiates a four-step random access process.
  • the first parameter includes an uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order
  • the PUSCH power increase order is used by the processing unit to increase the PUSCH included in the first message.
  • Transmission power the first message is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process
  • the initiating the random access process according to the priority value includes: the processing unit uses the information included in the first message sent last time The sum of the power value of the PUSCH and the priority value of the PUSCH power climbing order is used as the power of the PUSCH to transmit the PUSCH.
  • the first parameter includes a reference signal received power threshold
  • the initiating a random access procedure according to the priority value includes: the processing unit determines the reference signal The received power of the reference signal is greater than the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold to initiate a two-step random access process, or the processing unit determines that the received power of the reference signal is less than or equal to the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold, and initiates a four-step random access process. Access process.
  • the random access procedure is used for beam failure recovery or handover.
  • a communication device configured in a network device or is a network device, and includes: a transceiver unit for sending first information, the first information includes being used for a random access process The priority value of the first parameter; the transceiver unit is also used to receive the message sent by the terminal device in the random access process.
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, the uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, or the reference signal received power Threshold.
  • the first parameter includes the maximum number of transmissions of the first message, and the first message is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process.
  • the maximum transmission times of a message is used for the terminal device to choose to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process.
  • the first parameter includes an uplink shared channel PUSCH power increase order, and the PUSCH power increase order is used by the terminal device to increase the PUSCH included in the first message.
  • Transmission power the first message is the message sent in the first step of the random access process.
  • the first parameter includes a reference signal received power threshold, and the reference signal received power threshold is used by the terminal device to choose whether to initiate a two-step random access process or four. Step random access process.
  • the random access procedure is used for beam failure recovery or handover.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a terminal device or a module (such as a chip) configured in the terminal device.
  • the following takes the method executed by a network device as an example for description.
  • the method includes: the terminal device determines that the LBT failure counter in the first bandwidth has reached a first value, the LBT failure counter is used to record the number of LBT failures; the terminal device switches the active bandwidth to the second bandwidth and then initiates the first Random access process.
  • the LBT fails for a certain number of times in one bandwidth, that is, when the channel is congested, it switches to another bandwidth and tries to access to ensure the normal communication of the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device stops the second random access procedure on the first bandwidth.
  • the second bandwidth includes multiple types of random access process resources, and the terminal device selects one type of random access process to initiate the first random access process,
  • the multiple types of random access procedures include two-step random access procedures and four-step random access procedures.
  • the terminal device determines whether to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process according to the reference signal received power threshold on the second bandwidth.
  • the first random access process uses the same type of random access process resources as the second random access process to initiate the first random access process.
  • the above two implementation manners can be combined.
  • the first random access process adopts the same type as the second random access process.
  • the random access process resource used in the first random access process is determined according to the reference signal received power threshold.
  • the terminal device when the second bandwidth is configured with only one type of random access process resource, the terminal device initiates the random access process according to the configured random access process resource.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the type of random access process initiated after the bandwidth is switched due to the maximum number of LBT failures.
  • the maximum number of LBT failures is reached, according to The type of random access process configured by the network device is selected to switch to the second bandwidth, and the second bandwidth includes resources of the type of random access process.
  • the method further includes one or more of the following: resetting the LBT failure counter, stopping the LBT failure detection timer, stopping the LBT failure counting timer, and turning
  • the preamble transmission counter is set to 1
  • the preamble power rise count is set to 1
  • the power rise counter of the preamble in message A of the two-step random access process is set to 1
  • the backoff value is set to 0, and the two steps are set
  • the PUSCH power rise count in message A of the random access process is set to 1
  • the counter of message A in the two-step random access process is set to 1
  • the buffer of message 3 in the four-step random access process is cleared and/or two are cleared.
  • the buffer of message A in the random access process is set to 1
  • each counter and timer are reset after the bandwidth is switched so that the recorded value in the previous bandwidth does not affect the communication on the bandwidth after the switch
  • the method further includes: after switching to the second bandwidth, maintaining the content in the buffer of message 3 in the four-step random access process, and/or switching After reaching the second bandwidth, the content in the buffer of message A in the two-step random access process is maintained.
  • the content in the cache can be read immediately after the bandwidth is switched, avoiding repackaging.
  • a communication device wherein the device can be configured in a terminal device or is a terminal device itself, and includes: a processing unit, configured to determine that the LBT failure counter in the first bandwidth has reached the first Value, the LBT failure counter is used to record the number of LBT failures; the processing unit is also used to switch the active bandwidth to the second bandwidth; the transceiver unit is used to initiate the first random access process.
  • the processing unit is further configured to stop the second random access procedure on the first bandwidth.
  • the second bandwidth includes multiple types of random access process resources, and the processing unit selects one type of random access process to initiate the first random access process,
  • the multiple types of random access procedures include two-step random access procedures and four-step random access procedures.
  • the processing unit determines whether to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process according to the reference signal received power threshold on the second bandwidth.
  • the first random access process uses the same type of random access process resources as the second random access process to initiate the first random access process.
  • the above two implementation manners can be combined.
  • the first random access process adopts the same type as the second random access process.
  • the processing unit determines the resource for selecting the random access process used in the first random access process according to the reference signal received power threshold.
  • the processing unit when the second bandwidth is configured with only one type of random access process resource, the processing unit initiates the random access process according to the configured random access process resource .
  • the transceiver unit receives the type of random access process initiated after the bandwidth is switched due to the maximum number of LBT failures configured by the network device, and when the maximum number of LBT failures is reached
  • the processing unit selects to switch to the second bandwidth according to the type of the random access process configured by the network device, and the second bandwidth includes the resources of the type of the random access process.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform one or more of the following: reset the LBT failure counter, stop the LBT failure detection timer, and stop the LBT failure count Timer, set the preamble transmission counter to 1, set the preamble power rise count to 1, set the power rise counter of the preamble in message A of the two-step random access process to 1, and set the backoff value to 0 , Set the PUSCH power rise count in the message A of the two-step random access process to 1, set the counter of the message A of the two-step random access process to 1, clear the buffer of the message 3 of the four-step random access process, and / Or clear the buffer of message A in the two-step random access process.
  • the processing unit is further configured to keep the content in the buffer of message 3 in the four-step random access process after switching to the second bandwidth, and/or After switching to the second bandwidth, the content in the buffer of message A in the two-step random access process is maintained.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory to implement the first aspect or the third aspect, and the method in any one of the first aspect or the third aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication device is a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip configured in a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory to implement the foregoing second aspect and the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication device is a network device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip configured in a network device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes any one of the first aspect to the third aspect and the first aspect to the third aspect. The method in the way.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be one or more chips
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a processing device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals through a receiver, and transmit signals through a transmitter, so as to execute any one of the first to third aspects and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first to third aspects In the method.
  • processors there are one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory and the processor may be provided separately.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be set in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the setting mode of the memory and the processor.
  • ROM read only memory
  • sending instruction information may be a process of outputting instruction information from the processor
  • receiving capability information may be a process of the processor receiving input capability information.
  • the data output by the processor can be output to the transmitter, and the input data received by the processor can come from the receiver.
  • the transmitter and receiver can be collectively referred to as a transceiver.
  • the processing device in the above tenth aspect may be one or more chips.
  • the processor in the processing device can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading the software code stored in the memory, and the memory may Integrated in the processor, can be located outside the processor, and exist independently.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also called code, or instruction), which when the computer program is executed, causes the computer to execute the first aspect to the The method in the third aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • a computer program also called code, or instruction
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also called code, or instruction) when it runs on a computer, so that the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect to The method in the third aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • a computer program also called code, or instruction
  • a communication system including the aforementioned network equipment and terminal equipment.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a communication system suitable for the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exemplary flow chart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is another exemplary flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a wireless communication device applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a terminal device applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a network device applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • GSM broadband code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • NR new radio
  • V2X can include vehicle-to-network (V2N), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) ), Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P), etc.
  • LTE-V Long Term Evolution-Vehicle
  • LTE-V Long Term Evolution-Vehicle
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 100 applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include at least one network device, such as the network device 110 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may also include at least one terminal device, such as the terminal device 120 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the terminal device can access the network device through a random access procedure.
  • the terminal equipment in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal , Wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, and an augmented reality (AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety ( Wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local Loop (wireless local loop, WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehi
  • wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices, which are the general term for using wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories.
  • Wearable devices are not only a kind of hardware device, but also realize powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be achieved without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones.
  • the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, so as to realize the intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and interconnection of things.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application may be any device with a wireless transceiver function.
  • the equipment includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), Base Station Controller (BSC) , Base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), home base station (for example, Home evolved NodeB, or Home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BaseBand Unit, BBU), wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI) system Access point (Access Point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point, TP) or transmission and reception point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., can also be 5G (such as NR)
  • the gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU for short).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB.
  • CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) The function of the layer.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and realizes the functions of the radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, and physical (physical, PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • the network device may be a device that includes one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network equipment in an access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into network equipment in a core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this application.
  • the network equipment provides services for the cell, and the terminal equipment communicates with the cell through the transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) allocated by the network equipment, and the cell may belong to a macro base station (for example, a macro eNB or a macro gNB, etc.) , It may also belong to the base station corresponding to the small cell, where the small cell may include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmit power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.
  • a macro base station for example, a macro eNB or a macro gNB, etc.
  • the small cell may include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc.
  • used to indicate can include both used for direct indication and used for indirect indication.
  • the indication information can directly indicate A or indirectly indicate A, but it does not mean that A must be included in the indication information.
  • preset may include a network device signaling instruction or pre-defined, for example, protocol definition.
  • pre-defined can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate related information in the device (for example, including user equipment and network equipment). This application does not make any specific implementation methods. limited.
  • the “protocols” involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to standard protocols in the communication field, for example, may include LTE protocol, NR protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems, which are not limited in this application.
  • the random access process is usually required in the following situations: the initial access of the terminal equipment, the transition from the idle state to the connected state; the re-establishment of radio resource control (radio resource control, after the wireless connection is interrupted) RRC) connection; the terminal device needs to establish uplink synchronization with the target cell during handover; when the terminal device is in the connected state but the terminal device is not synchronized in the uplink, at this time uplink or downlink data arrives, the uplink synchronization needs to be established through random access; in use When user positioning is performed based on uplink measurement; when no dedicated scheduling request resource is allocated on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), the uplink resource is applied for through random access.
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • random access may introduce new scenarios. For example, when the downlink data (DL data) arrives in the inactive state, the uplink is in an unsynchronized state; when the uplink data (UL data) arrives in the inactive state, the uplink is in an unsynchronized state; the inactive state transitions; the terminal The device requests an On-demand system message (System Information, SI); the terminal device sends a beam failure recovery request (Beam Failure Recovery Request); the terminal device requests a system message (request for other SI), etc.
  • SI System Information
  • Beam Failure Recovery Request Beam Failure Recovery Request
  • system message request for other SI
  • the competing random access of the LTE system and the 5G NR system includes the following procedures.
  • the random access process is triggered by a physical downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) command or the MAC sublayer or the RRC sublayer itself. If the terminal device receives a PDCCH transmission that is scrambled with a cell radio network temporary identity (C-RNTI) and is consistent with a PDCCH order (order), a random access process will be triggered.
  • the PDCCH command or RRC message can indicate the preamble index RA-Preamble Index (64 types in total) used in the resource selection of the random access process, and the physical layer random access channel index RA-PRACH-Mask Index (16 types in total) ).
  • the preamble index is used to indicate the preamble of random access.
  • the current preamble index value is 000000, it means that the random access is initiated by the MAC sublayer, that is, the preamble is selected by the MAC sublayer itself, and correspondingly, execute Competitive random access.
  • the UE uses the preamble indicated by the preamble index for random access, that is, performs non-contention random access.
  • the physical layer physical access channel index RA-PRACH-Mask Index is used to indicate that the terminal device can send the preamble on the PRACH corresponding to the subframe in the system frame. The terminal device can look up the corresponding table through RA-PRACH-Mask Index to determine Preamble and available physical resources.
  • Random access initialization requires configuration parameters. These parameters include: PRACH resource set (for example, PRACH-Config Index) that can be used to transmit random access preamble; available random access preamble group (group A or group B) and each group The set of available preambles; the maximum number of preamble transmissions (preamble Trans-Max); the initial transmit power of the preamble (preamble Initial Received Target power); the power ramping step size (power Ramping Step); the random access response window (RA- Response window Size; the maximum number of HARQ retransmissions (max HARQ-Msg3) of the third message (Msg3); contention resolution timer (mac-Contention Resolution Timer).
  • PRACH resource set for example, PRACH-Config Index
  • group A or group B available random access preamble group
  • preamble Trans-Max the maximum number of preamble transmissions
  • the initial transmit power of the preamble preamble Initial Received Target power
  • the power ramping step size power Ramping Step
  • the random access response window
  • the above-mentioned configured parameters can be updated through high-level configuration.
  • the terminal device performs the following operations after obtaining the above parameters: clear the Msg3 buffer; set the number of preamble transmissions (PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER) to 1; set the number of preamble power rises (PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER) to 1; set the backoff saved by the terminal device (backoff) )
  • the parameter value is set to 0ms, and the random access resource selection phase is entered.
  • the terminal device sends a random access preamble (RAP) to the network device.
  • RAP random access preamble
  • the RAP is carried in the first message (Msg1).
  • the main function of RAP is to tell the network device that there is a random access request, and enable the network device to estimate the transmission delay between it and the terminal device, so that the access network device can calibrate the uplink timing and calibrate it.
  • the information is notified to the terminal device through a timing advance command (Timing Advance command).
  • random access can also be used for other requests from terminal devices in the new scenario.
  • RAP may also be used to indicate a request to send an on-demand system message, or to indicate a request to send a beam failure recovery request, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the RAP may have a corresponding relationship with one or more on-demand SI requests, or the RAP may have a corresponding relationship with one or more beam failure recovery requests.
  • the terminal device may pre-configure the RAP or receive the RAP configured by the access network device.
  • the UE will increase the power powerRampingStep to send the next preamble on the basis of the previous transmission power, so as to increase the probability of successful transmission.
  • the PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER increases by 1 each time the power of the preamble rises.
  • the terminal device receives a random access response (RAR) sent by the network device.
  • RAR random access response
  • the terminal device can use the random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) to monitor the PDCCH, and if it receives its own scheduling information, that is, downlink control information (DCI), The terminal device receives the RAR message sent from the network device on the PDSCH according to the DCI information.
  • the DCI information includes related content such as resource block (Resource Block, RB) allocation information, modulation and coding scheme (Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS) and so on.
  • the random access response is carried in the second message (Msg2).
  • the terminal device After the terminal device sends the preamble, it will monitor the corresponding PDCCH according to the RA-RNTI value corresponding to the preamble in the RAR response window. If the Preamble carried in the response received by the terminal device is consistent with the Preamble sent by Msg1, it stops monitoring the RAR. Specifically, the network device can send the RAR to the terminal device through the PDSCH.
  • the RAR includes the uplink timing advance, the uplink grant (UL grant) allocated for the third message (Msg3), and the C-RNTI allocated by the network side.
  • the PDCCH carrying the Msg2 scheduling message is scrambled with RA-RNTI.
  • the terminal device sends a scheduled transmission-based message (ie, Msg3) to the network device.
  • a scheduled transmission-based message ie, Msg3
  • the terminal device sends Msg3 to the network device through the (physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH) according to the uplink authorization and uplink timing advance information in the Msg2.
  • the content of Msg3 may also be different depending on the state of the terminal device and the different application scenarios.
  • the network device Since the network device sends the MAC PDU to multiple terminal devices, the RAR received by each terminal device may be different, and accordingly, the behavior of each terminal device may also be different. After each terminal device monitors its own RAR, it can send Msg3 to the access network device according to the specific content contained in the RAR.
  • Msg3 buffer Msg3 buffer
  • Msg3 can be divided into the following types: RRC connection request, tracking area data update, resource scheduling request, etc. Some examples of Msg3 are given in Table 1.
  • the terminal device receives the contention resolution sent by the network device, that is, the fourth message Msg4.
  • contention occurs. At most, only one terminal device among the terminal devices competing for the same resource can successfully access. At this time, the network device sends a contention resolution message to the terminal device through the (physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH).
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the terminal device After sending the Msg3, the terminal device starts the contention resolution timer (mac-Contention Resolution Timer), and uses the temporary C-RNTI (Temporary C-RNTI) indicated in the RAR or the C-RNTI pre-configured by the network device. Monitor the PDCCH. If the terminal device receives a contention resolution message sent to itself from the network device before the contention resolution timer expires, it is considered that the random access process is successful.
  • the contention resolution timer (mac-Contention Resolution Timer)
  • Tempor Temporal C-RNTI
  • the terminal device sends a message A (MsgA) to the network device.
  • MsgA message A
  • the MsgA includes a random access signal and payload data (PUSCH).
  • the random access signal may include a preamble and/or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and the random access signal is used for the payload data.
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • the payload data may be control plane data and/or user plane data, and the payload data may correspond to the content contained in Msg3 in the foregoing four-step random access mechanism.
  • the payload data may include any one of the RRC connection request, the identification of the terminal device, the scheduling request, the buffer status report (BSR), and real service data.
  • a MsgA buffer (MsgA buffer) is redefined in the two-step RACH, which is similar to the Msg3 buffer (Msg3buffer) in the four-step random access process to store MsgA payload data.
  • the identity of the terminal device may be a C-RNTI, a temporary mobile subscriber identity (serving-temporary mobile subscriber identity, s-TMSI), an identity of the terminal in an inactive state (resumeIdentity), and the like.
  • the specific identification carried depends on different random access trigger events and is not limited. It should be noted that the identification of the terminal device may be carried in the payload data, or may be partly carried in the payload data, and partly carried in the random access signal. Wherein, carried in the random access signal can be understood as different sequences or the same sequence but different cyclic shifts to indicate different bit values.
  • the network device After receiving the MsgA, the network device decodes the random access signal and the payload data, and obtains the decoding conditions including: (1) “successful decoding”; (2) “unsuccessful decoding”.
  • the possible relationship between the resource where the random access signal is located and the resource where the payload data is located is as follows: 1) There is an overlapping area in the time domain, and there is no overlapping area in the frequency domain; 2) There is no overlapping area in the time domain, There may or may not be overlapping areas in the frequency domain.
  • the resource where the random access signal is located and the resource where the load data is located may be configured by the network device.
  • the network device sends a message B (MsgB) to the terminal device.
  • MsgB message B
  • MsgB is used to carry the response message for the random access signal and payload data.
  • the response message may include at least one of the following: temporary C-RNTI information, timing advance command (TA command) information, uplink authorization information, contention resolution ID information, and so on.
  • TA command timing advance command
  • uplink authorization information e.g., uplink authorization information
  • contention resolution ID e.g., uplink authorization information
  • the contention resolution identification may be part or all of the content of the payload data.
  • the response message also includes a control plane message (which can also be regarded as a response message based on scheduled transmission).
  • RAR may also include one of the following: RRC connection (RRCSetup) message , RRC reestablishment (RRCReestablishment) message, RRC resume (RRCResume) message, etc.
  • the response message described in this application refers to a response message for requesting random access, and may also be referred to as a random access response (message).
  • the base station can activate different BWPs for the UE. For example, when the UE performs a large amount of data services, the base station activates a wider BWP for the UE. When the base station finds that the currently activated BWP of the UE is heavily loaded, it activates another relatively idle BWP for the UE.
  • the base station will configure the initial uplink and downlink BWP for the cell. After the UE accesses this cell, the base station will configure a dedicated BWP for the UE according to the situation, with a maximum of 4 BWPs, and the base station will activate one of them according to the situation. A UE can only activate one BWP at the same time in a cell.
  • spectrum resources which can be divided into two types according to their types, licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum.
  • Licensed spectrum can only be used by a specific operator in a certain place, while unlicensed spectrum can be used by any operator and is a shared spectrum resource.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention mainly focuses on unlicensed spectrum.
  • LBT A channel access process to be done by the device before data transmission. If the channel access process passes, then the data transmission can be performed, if the channel access process fails, then the data transmission cannot be performed.
  • the channel access process includes two types: The first type is energy detection based on a fixed duration. The device detects the signal strength on unlicensed spectrum resources. If it is greater than a preset threshold, the channel is considered busy, otherwise the channel is considered idle. The second type is energy detection based on the fallback mechanism. The device randomly selects a value A from the window [minimum, maximum]. Only after detecting at least A free energy detection time slots, the channel is considered to be idle, otherwise , That the channel is busy. The device can only transmit data when it thinks the channel is free.
  • Fig. 2 is an exemplary flow chart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device sends information #1 (ie, an example of the first information) to the terminal device, and the information #1 includes the priority value of the parameter #1 (ie, an example of the first parameter) used in the random access process.
  • S220 The terminal device judges whether the priority value of parameter #1 is configured.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the priority value of the parameter #1 in the random access process through the information #1.
  • the terminal device judges whether the network device is configured with the priority value of parameter #1 before initiating the random access process.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the priority value of parameter #1
  • the terminal device initiates according to the priority value of parameter #1
  • the terminal device initiates a random access process according to the first value of parameter #1
  • the network device configures the first value of parameter #1 for the terminal device through information #2. That is, the network device configures the priority value of parameter #1 and the first value of parameter #1 for the terminal device through two different configuration information.
  • the terminal device is configured with the priority value of the parameter of the random access process through the network device, so that the terminal device can initiate the random access process according to the priority value of the parameter and quickly access the network.
  • the priority value of parameter #1 is used for random access procedures initiated by beam failure recovery or handover.
  • beam failure recovery includes but is limited to a process in which the terminal device recovers the service beam connection with the network device. For example, when the terminal device detects that the service beam quality is poor (that is, the received power of the beam failure detection reference signal is lower than the threshold), the terminal device initiates a random access procedure to restore the connection between the terminal device and the network device. Handover may include, but is not limited to, switching the serving cell. For example, when the terminal device switches the serving cell, it needs to initiate a random access procedure to access the target serving cell.
  • the beam failure recovery and/or handover is a priority random access process.
  • the terminal device initiates the random access process for beam failure recovery and/or handover, it needs to determine whether the network device is configured with parameter #1. Priority value. If the priority value is configured, the random access process will be initiated according to the priority value of parameter #1.
  • the terminal device when a terminal device detects a beam failure and needs to initiate a random access procedure for beam failure recovery, the terminal device first determines whether the network device is configured with the priority value of parameter #1. For the priority value, the terminal device initiates a random access process according to the priority value of parameter #1. When the priority value of parameter #1 is not configured, the terminal device initiates a random access process according to the first value of parameter #1.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device decides to switch to another cell and needs to initiate a random access process, the terminal device first determines whether the network device is configured with the priority value of parameter #1, and when the priority value of parameter #1 is configured The terminal device initiates a random access process according to the priority value of parameter #1. When the priority value of parameter #1 is not configured, the terminal device initiates a random access process according to the first value of parameter #1.
  • the parameter #1 includes but is not limited to one or more of the following parameters:
  • Message A is the message sent in the first step of the two-step random access process.
  • the maximum number of transmissions of message A is used by the terminal device according to the number of sent message A and the parameter a (that is, the maximum number of transmissions of message A). After the value is compared, it is determined whether to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process.
  • the terminal device When the number of sent messages A is less than or equal to the value of the parameter a, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process; When the number of times message A has been sent is greater than the value of parameter a, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access procedure, where, when the number of times message A has been sent is equal to the value of parameter a, it can also Send a four-step random access process.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device needs to initiate the random access process, it first determines whether the priority value of the maximum transmission times of message A is configured. When the priority value of the maximum transmission times of message A is configured, the terminal device will determine whether the priority value of the maximum transmission times of message A is configured. The number of times is compared with the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A.
  • the terminal device In the case that the number of sent messages A is less than or equal to the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process, When the number of times of message A has been sent is greater than the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access process; when the priority value of the maximum number of transmission times of message A is not configured, the terminal device is based on The number of messages A that has been sent is compared with the first value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A.
  • the terminal device If the number of times of the message A has been sent is less than or equal to the first value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A, the terminal device initiates A two-step random access process; in the case that the number of times the message A has been sent is greater than the first value of the maximum number of transmissions of the message A, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access process.
  • information #1 can include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RA-Prioritization represents message #1
  • MsgA-TransMaxHighPriority is used to configure the priority value of the maximum number of transmissions of message A, and the priority value can be selected from ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ .
  • information #2 may include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RACH-ConfigGenericTwoStepRA represents message #2
  • MsgA-TransMax is used to configure the first value of the maximum number of transmissions of message A, and the first value can be selected from ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ .
  • the optional value of the priority value of parameter #1 may be the same as or different from the optional value of the first value of parameter #1, which is not limited in this application, for example, the optional value of the priority value ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ may be the same as the value included in the optional value ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ of the first value, or may include at least one different value.
  • the priority value of the maximum transmission times of message A configured by the network device for the terminal device is greater than the first value of the maximum transmission times of message A, but the present application is not limited to this.
  • the PUSCH power climbing order is used by the terminal device to determine the transmission power of the PUSCH included in the first step message in the two-step random access process.
  • the terminal device calculates the sum of the transmission power of the PUSCH included in the first step message sent last time and the value of the PUSCH power climbing order, and uses the sum as the transmission power to transmit the PUSCH.
  • the terminal device determines that it needs to initiate two-step random access, it is determined whether the network device has configured the terminal device with the priority value of the PUSCH power increase order.
  • the terminal The device calculates the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the priority value of the PUSCH power climbing order; when the priority value of the PUSCH power climbing order is not configured, the terminal device calculates the PUSCH power according to the first value of the PUSCH power climbing order Transmission power.
  • information #1 can include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RA-Prioritization represents information #1
  • MsgA-PUSCH-powerRampingStepHighPriority is used to configure the priority value of the PUSCH power ramping order, and the priority value can be selected from ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ .
  • information #2 may include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RACH-ConfigGenericTwoStepRA represents message #2
  • MsgA-PUSCH-powerRampingStep is used to configure the first value of the PUSCH power ramping order, and the first value can be selected from ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ .
  • the optional value of the priority value of the PUSCH power climbing order may be the same as or different from the optional value of the first value of the PUSCH power climbing order, which is not limited in this application, for example, the priority value
  • the optional value ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ may be the same as the value included in the optional value ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ of the first value, or may include at least one different value.
  • the priority value of the PUSCH power ramp-up order configured by the network device for the terminal device is greater than the first value of the PUSCH power ramp-up order, but the present application is not limited to this.
  • the reference signal received power threshold is used for the terminal device to compare the received power of the reference signal with the configured threshold of the reference signal received power, and determine whether to use a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process.
  • the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process; when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the configured reference signal received power threshold, the terminal device initiates four steps.
  • One-step random access process where, when the received power of the reference signal is equal to the configured threshold value of the received power of the reference signal, a two-step random access process can also be sent.
  • the reference signal may be a downlink path loss reference signal.
  • a terminal device When a terminal device needs to initiate a random access process, it first determines whether the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold is configured. When the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold is configured, the terminal device compares the received power of the reference signal with the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold. The magnitude of the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold. When the received power of the reference signal is greater than the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process.
  • the terminal device When the received power of the reference signal is less than or equal to In the case of the reference signal received power threshold priority value, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access process; when the reference signal received power threshold priority value is not configured, the terminal device compares the reference signal received power with the reference signal received power The size of the first value of the threshold. In the case where the received power of the reference signal is greater than the first value of the reference signal received power threshold, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process. When the received power of the reference signal is less than or equal to the reference signal, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access procedure. In the case of the first value of the signal received power threshold, the terminal device initiates a four-step random access procedure.
  • information #1 can include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RA-Prioritization represents information #1
  • rsrp-ThresholdSSB-TwoStepHighPriority is used to configure the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold, and the priority value can be selected from ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ .
  • information #2 may include but is not limited to the following format:
  • RACH-ConfigCommonTwoStepRA represents information #2
  • rsrp-ThresholdSSB-TwoStep is used to configure the first value of the reference signal received power threshold, and the first value can be selected from ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ .
  • the optional value of the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold may be the same as or different from the optional value of the first value of the reference signal received power threshold, which is not limited in this application, for example, the priority value
  • the optional value ⁇ A, B, C, D ⁇ may be the same as the value included in the optional value ⁇ E, F, G, H ⁇ of the first value, or may include at least one different value.
  • the priority value of the reference signal received power threshold configured by the network device for the terminal device is smaller than the first value of the reference signal received power threshold, but the present application is not limited to this.
  • parameter #1 may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the above parameter a, parameter b, or parameter c.
  • parameter #1 includes parameter a and parameter b, that is, the PUSCH power increase order and the maximum number of transmissions of message A
  • information #1 may include but is not limited to the following format:
  • parameter #1 includes the above three parameters, namely, the maximum number of transmissions of message A, the PUSCH power increase order, and the reference signal received power threshold.
  • the information #1 may be a dedicated configuration of the two-step random access procedure, that is, the information #1 is used to configure a parameter with a priority value for the two-step random access procedure.
  • Information #1 can also be the public parameters of the two-step random access process and the four-step random access process, that is to say, the random access process (regardless of the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process) has priority
  • the parameter of the level value is included in this information #1.
  • information #1 includes the priority value configuration of the PUSCH power increase order, the preamble power increase order, and the backoff indication.
  • the preamble power increase order can be used to calculate the preamble sent in the four-step random access process.
  • the transmit power of the code that is, the random access preamble
  • the transmit power of the preamble can also be used to calculate the transmit power of the preamble (which may include the random access preamble and/or DMRS) sent in the two-step random access process, and back off
  • the indication is used for the terminal device to calculate the time to wait before retransmitting the preamble.
  • the backoff indication can be used in either the four-step random access process or the two-step random access process.
  • information #1 is carried in a system information block (SIB) or RRC message.
  • SIB system information block
  • RRC message RRC message
  • Fig. 3 is another exemplary flowchart of a random access method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the counter #1 in the bandwidth A ie, an example of the first bandwidth
  • the activation bandwidth is switched to bandwidth B (ie, an example of the second bandwidth).
  • S330 Initiate a random access procedure B (ie, an example of the first random access procedure).
  • the terminal device switches the active bandwidth to the bandwidth B.
  • the counter #1 is used to record the number of LBT detection failures of the terminal device, where the bandwidth can be BWP, and the activated bandwidth can be the activated BWP, which can also be called the working bandwidth, that is, the bandwidth used for communication, but the application is not limited to this.
  • the first value is the maximum number of LBT failures specified by the protocol or preset by the system, or the first value is the maximum number of LBT failures configured by the network device for the terminal device.
  • the random access process A is stopped. After switching to bandwidth B, the terminal device initiates random access procedure B.
  • the terminal device selects a random access process type to initiate the random access process B.
  • the terminal device determines whether to initiate a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process based on the reference signal received power threshold on the bandwidth B.
  • the terminal device determines that the reference signal received power is greater than the threshold, the terminal device initiates a two-step random access process (random access process B is a two-step random access process), and when the terminal device determines that the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the threshold, The terminal device initiates a four-step random access process (random access process B is a four-step random access process).
  • the reference signal may be a downlink path loss reference signal.
  • the terminal device uses the type of random access process A with bandwidth A not completed to initiate random access process B.
  • the random access process A is a two-step random access process
  • the terminal device is in the bandwidth A two-step random access process is initiated on B (that is, the random access process B is a two-step random access process).
  • the terminal device initiates a four-step random access process on the bandwidth B (that is, the random access process B is a four-step random access process).
  • the above two implementation manners can be combined.
  • the random access process B adopts the same type as the random access process A.
  • the type of random access process B is determined according to the reference signal received power threshold.
  • bandwidth B When bandwidth B is configured with only one type of random access process resource, the terminal device initiates random access according to the configured random access process resource. For example, when bandwidth B is configured with only two-step random access process resource, the terminal The device initiates a two-step random access process on bandwidth B (that is, random access process B is a two-step random access process). For another example, when bandwidth B is only configured with resources for the four-step random access process, the terminal device is in A four-step random access process is initiated on the bandwidth B (that is, the random access process B is a four-step random access process).
  • the terminal device After switching the bandwidth due to the maximum number of LBT failures configured by the network device, when the maximum number of LBT failures reaches the maximum number of LBT failures, it chooses to switch to the bandwidth that includes the resources of this type of random access process. Initiate this type of random access procedure.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with the type of random access process initiated after the bandwidth is switched due to the maximum number of LBT failures, that is, the network device configures the terminal device with the type of random access process B, for example , The two-step random access process, the terminal device switches to the bandwidth including the resources of the two-step random access process after the maximum number of LBT failures, that is, the terminal device determines that the bandwidth B includes the resources of the two-step random access process, then The terminal device switches to bandwidth B and initiates a two-step random access procedure on bandwidth B.
  • the terminal device resets the counter #1, for example, resets to 0.
  • This application is not limited to this, which can avoid frequent bandwidth switching caused by the counter that records the number of LBT failures keeping the first value.
  • the name of the counter #1 can be expressed as LBT_FAIL_COUNTER , But this application is not limited to this.
  • timer #1 If timer #1 is running, the terminal device stops timer #1. This timer #1 is used to maintain counter #1. During the operation of timer #1, there is no LBT detection failure (that is, the record value of counter #1 is not Increase) then reset counter #1.
  • the timer #1 is started or restarted, that is, when the counter #1 is incremented by 1, the timer #1 is started or restarted;
  • timer #1 During the operation of timer #1, that is, during the period from the start of timer #1 to the timeout period, there is no LBT detection failure, that is, the counter #1 does not increase and remains at the same value, and then the counter #1 is reset.
  • the name of the timer can be LBT failure detection timer (lbtFailureDetectionTimer), but the application is not limited to this. Situation four
  • the terminal device stops the timer #2, and the timer #2 is used to prevent the frequent switching of bandwidth due to the rapid increase of the counter #1 to the first value in a short period of time.
  • the timer #2 is running, no matter how many LBT failures are detected by the terminal device, the counter #1 only increases by 1.
  • the name of the timer #2 can be the LBT failure count timer (lbtFailureCountTimer), but the application is not limited to this.
  • the terminal device clears the buffer of message 3 in the four-step random access process. If the terminal device needs to initiate the four-step random access process on bandwidth B, it needs to regroup message 3.
  • the terminal device clears the buffer of message A in the two-step random access process. If the terminal device needs to initiate a two-step random access process on bandwidth B, it needs to regroup message A.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device switches to bandwidth B, it keeps the buffer of message 3 in the four-step random access process. If the terminal device needs to initiate the four-step random access process on bandwidth B, it will fetch and send packets from the buffer of message 3 without regrouping. package.
  • the terminal device After switching to bandwidth B, the terminal device maintains the buffer of message A in the two-step random access process. If the terminal device needs to initiate a two-step random access process on bandwidth B, it will fetch and send packets from the buffer of message A without regrouping. package.
  • the terminal device sets the preamble transmission counter (PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER) to 1, which can achieve the purpose of the record value in the previous bandwidth without affecting the normal communication on the bandwidth after switching.
  • the preamble counter is used to record the number of times the preamble is sent, which can be
  • the preamble counter of the four-step random access process may also be that the two-step random access process and the four-step random access process share the preamble counter. If the preamble in message A of the two-step random access process uses a single preamble counter, the terminal device will switch to bandwidth B and set the preamble counter to 1.
  • the name of the preamble counter can be MSGA_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER, but this application Not limited to this.
  • the terminal device sets the preamble power rise counter (PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER) to 1, which can reach the record value in the previous bandwidth without affecting the normal communication on the bandwidth after switching.
  • the preamble power rise counter is used to record the preamble power rise
  • the preamble power climb counter can be the preamble power climb counter of the four-step random access process, or the two-step random access process and the four-step random access process share the preamble power climb counter. If the preamble in message A of the two-step random access process uses a power climb counter alone, the terminal device switches to bandwidth B and sets the preamble power climb counter to 1.
  • the name of the preamble power climb counter can be MsgA_PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER, but this application is not limited to this.
  • the terminal device sets the PUSCH power rise count in the message A of the two-step random access process to 1, which can achieve the record value in the previous bandwidth without affecting the normal communication on the bandwidth after the handover.
  • the power rise technology is used for recording The number of times the PUSCH power in message A has climbed.
  • the name of the PUSCH power climbing counter may be MsgA_PUSCH_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER, but the application is not limited to this.
  • the terminal device sets the backoff value (backoff indicator, BI) to 0ms. This enables the terminal device to initiate a random access process immediately after switching to bandwidth B, so as to reduce the access delay.
  • BI is used to indicate the time range that the terminal device needs to wait before resending the preamble. If the terminal device does not receive the RAR within the RAR time window, or if there is no preamble in the received RAR that matches the preamble sent by the terminal device, the terminal device judges that the RAR reception fails. The terminal device needs to wait for a BI value before initiating random access, and the waiting time is to select a random value from 0 to the waiting time interval specified by BI.
  • the name of BI can be PREAMBLE_BACKOFF, but this application is not limited to this.
  • the two-step random access process can share the same configured BI with the four-step random access process, that is, a BI configured by the network device for the terminal device is used for both the two-step random access process and the four-step random access process. It can also be that the network equipment separately configures the BI used for the four-step random access process and the BI used for the two-step random access process for the terminal equipment, and the BI used for the two-step random access process and the above-mentioned four-step random access.
  • the BI of the process has the same or similar functions, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.
  • the preamble of the four-step random access process mentioned above is the random access preamble
  • the preamble of the two-step random access is the random access preamble and/or DMRS.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1500 may include a processing unit 1510 and a transceiving unit 1520.
  • the communication device 1500 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be a terminal device or a chip configured in the terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus 1500 may correspond to the terminal equipment in the methods 200 and 300 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the communication apparatus 1500 may include the terminal equipment for executing the methods 200 and 300 in FIG. 2 and FIG. The unit of the method.
  • the units in the communication device 1500 and the other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding processes of the methods 200 and 300 in FIG. 2, respectively.
  • the transceiver unit 1520 can be used to execute S210 in the method 200
  • the processing unit 1510 can be used to execute S220 and S230 in the method 200
  • the processing unit 1510 may be used to execute S310, S320, and S330 in the method 300.
  • the transceiver unit 1520 in the communication device 1500 may correspond to the transceiver 2020 in the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 5, and the processing unit 1510 in the communication device 1500 may It corresponds to the processor 2010 in the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the transceiving unit 1520 in the communication device 1500 may be implemented through a communication interface (such as a transceiver or an input/output interface), and may correspond to the terminal device shown in FIG. 5, for example.
  • the processing unit 1510 in the communication device 1500 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 2010 in the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 5, and the processing in the communication device 1500
  • the unit 1510 can also be implemented by at least one logic circuit.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a processing unit 1510, which may be used to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.
  • a processing unit 1510 which may be used to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a storage unit, the storage unit may be used to store instructions or data, and the processing unit may call the instructions or data stored in the storage unit to implement corresponding operations.
  • the communication device 1500 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be a network device or a chip configured in the network device.
  • the communication device 1500 may correspond to the network device in the method 200 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1500 may include a unit for executing the method executed by the network device in the method 200 in FIG. 2.
  • the units in the communication device 1500 and the other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding processes of the methods 200 and 300 in FIG. 2, respectively.
  • the transceiving unit 1520 may be used to execute S210 in the method 200.
  • the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the transceiver unit in the communication device 1500 may correspond to the transceiver 3100 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 6, and the processing unit 1510 in the communication device 1500 may It corresponds to the processor 3202 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a processing unit 1510, which may be used to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.
  • a processing unit 1510 which may be used to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a storage unit, the storage unit may be used to store instructions or data, and the processing unit may call the instructions or data stored in the storage unit to implement corresponding operations.
  • the transceiver unit 1520 in the communication device 1500 can be implemented through a communication interface (such as a transceiver or an input/output interface), for example, it can correspond to the network shown in FIG. 6
  • the transceiver 3100 in the device 3000, the processing unit 1510 in the communication device 1500 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 3202 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG.
  • the processing unit 1510 may be implemented by at least one logic circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 2000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 2000 can be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 to perform the functions of the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the terminal device 2000 includes a processor 2010 and a transceiver 2020.
  • the terminal device 2000 further includes a memory 2030.
  • the processor 2010, the transceiver 2020, and the memory 2030 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transfer control and/or data signals.
  • the memory 2030 is used for storing computer programs, and the processor 2010 is used for downloading from the memory 2030. Call and run the computer program to control the transceiver 2020 to send and receive signals.
  • the terminal device 2000 may further include an antenna 2040 for transmitting the uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 2020 through a wireless signal.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2010 and the memory 2030 may be combined into a processing device, and the processor 2010 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 2030 to realize the above-mentioned functions.
  • the memory 2030 may also be integrated in the processor 2010 or independent of the processor 2010.
  • the processor 2010 may correspond to the processing unit in FIG. 4.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver 2020 may correspond to the transceiver unit in FIG. 4.
  • the transceiver 2020 may include a receiver (or receiver, receiving circuit) and a transmitter (or transmitter, transmitting circuit). Among them, the receiver is used to receive signals, and the transmitter is used to transmit signals.
  • the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 5 can implement various processes involving the terminal device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • the operations and/or functions of the various modules in the terminal device 2000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2010 can be used to execute the actions described in the previous method embodiments implemented by the terminal device, and the transceiver 2020 can be used to execute the terminal device described in the previous method embodiments to send to or receive from the network device. action.
  • the transceiver 2020 can be used to execute the terminal device described in the previous method embodiments to send to or receive from the network device. action.
  • the aforementioned terminal device 2000 may further include a power supply 2050 for providing power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 2000 may also include one or more of an input unit 2060, a display unit 2070, an audio circuit 2080, a camera 2090, and a sensor 2100.
  • the audio circuit It may also include a speaker 2082, a microphone 2084, and so on.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application, for example, it may be a schematic diagram of a related structure of a network device.
  • the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 6 can implement various processes involving the network device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the operations and/or functions of each module in the network device 3000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 6 is only a possible architecture of the network device, and should not constitute any limitation in this application.
  • the method provided in this application can be applied to network devices of other architectures.
  • network equipment including CU, DU, and AAU. This application does not limit the specific architecture of the network device.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the aforementioned processing device may be one or more chips.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), or It is a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), or a microcontroller (microcontroller unit). , MCU), it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processing circuit
  • microcontroller unit microcontroller unit
  • MCU programmable logic device
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components .
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory serial DRAM, SLDRAM
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes the steps shown in Figs. 2 and 3 Show the method in the embodiment.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium that stores program code, and when the program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the steps shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 Show the method in the embodiment.
  • the present application also provides a system, which includes the aforementioned one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.
  • the network equipment in each of the above-mentioned device embodiments corresponds completely to the network equipment or terminal equipment in the terminal equipment and method embodiments, and the corresponding modules or units execute the corresponding steps.
  • the communication unit executes the receiving or the terminal equipment in the method embodiments.
  • the processing unit executes the functions of specific units, refer to the corresponding method embodiments. Among them, there may be one or more processors.
  • the computer may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disc), SSD)) etc.
  • the network equipment in each of the above-mentioned device embodiments corresponds completely to the network equipment or terminal equipment in the terminal equipment and method embodiments, and the corresponding modules or units execute the corresponding steps.
  • the communication unit executes the receiving or the terminal equipment in the method embodiments.
  • the processing unit executes the functions of specific units, refer to the corresponding method embodiments. Among them, there may be one or more processors.
  • component used in this specification are used to denote computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution.
  • the component may be, but is not limited to, a process, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and/or a computer running on a processor.
  • the application running on the computing device and the computing device can be components.
  • One or more components may reside in processes and/or threads of execution, and components may be located on one computer and/or distributed among two or more computers.
  • these components can be executed from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • the component can be based on, for example, a signal having one or more data packets (e.g. data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through a signal) Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • a signal having one or more data packets (e.g. data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through a signal) Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • each functional unit may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions (programs).
  • programs When the computer program instructions (programs) are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种随机接入的方法和装置，包括：终端设备接收网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程。使得终端设备能够根据第一参数的优先值优先选择两步随机接入过程或者采用较高功率发送随机接入过程中的消息，以期达到快速接入网络、减少接入时延的目的。

Description

一种随机接入的方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种随机接入的方法和装置。
背景技术
第三代合作伙伴计划(3 rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通过了在第五代(the 5 th generation，5G)通信系统的版本16(release 16，Rel.16)中支持两步随机接入过程的提案，即通过终端设备发送第一步消息以及网络设备发送第二步消息以响应终端设备发送的第一步消息的两步过程完成终端设备接入网络设备，然而两步随机接入过程如何在5G通信系统中工作还不明朗，成为了本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种随机接入的方法和装置，能够使终端设备快速接入网络。
第一方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，该方法可以由终端设备或配置于终端设备的模块(如芯片)执行，以下以该方法由终端设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：终端设备接收网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程。
根据本申请的方案，使得终端设备能够根据第一参数的优先值优先选择两步随机接入过程或者采用较高功率发送随机接入过程中的消息，以期达到快速接入网络、减少接入时延的目的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括以下一种或多种：第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备判断是否配置了该第一参数的优先值，以及，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：在判断结果为是的情况下，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，或者，在该终端设备判断没有配置该优先值的情况下，该终端设备将根据第一参数的第一值发起随机接入过程，其中，该第一参数的第一值用于非优先的随机接入过程。
根据本申请的方案，优先值为可选配置参数，终端设备在配置了优先值的情况下采用优先值发起随机接入过程能够快速接入网络减少时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该终端设备确定该第一消息的发送次数小于或等于该第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，该终端设备确定该第一消息的发送次数大于该第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起四步随机接入过程。
根据本申请的方案，网络设备为终端设备配置第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值，使 得终端设备能够在第一消息的发送次数在该优先值范围内采用两步随机接入过程接入网络，能够快速接入网络、减少时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，该PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于该终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该终端设备采用上一次发送第一消息中包括的PUSCH的功率值与该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值的和值作为该PUSCH的功率发送该PUSCH。
根据本申请的方案，网络设备为终端设备配置PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值，使得终端设备能够根据优先值对PUSCH进行功率攀升，能够快速接入网络、减少时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，以及，该终端设备根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该终端设备确定该参考信号的接收功率大于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，该终端设备确定该参考信号的接收功率小于或等于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值后，发起四步随机接入过程。
根据本申请的方案，网络设备为终端设备配置参考信号接收功率的阈值的优先值，使得终端设备能够优先采用两步随机接入过程接入网络，达到快速接入网络、减少时延的目的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
根据本申请的方案，在波束失败恢复场景或切换场景下采用第一参数的优先值发起随机接入过程，使得终端设备能够快速恢复网络连接或快速切换至其他小区。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，该方法可以由网络设备或配置于网络设备的模块(如芯片)执行，以下以该方法由网络设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：网络设备向终端设备发送第一信息，第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；网络设备接收该终端设备在随机接入过程中发送的消息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括以下一种或多种：第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，该第一消息的最大传输次数用于该终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，该PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于该终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，该参考信号接收功率的阈值用于该终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，其中，该装置可以配置在终端设备中或本身即为终端设备，包括：收发单元，用于接收第一信息，第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；处理单元，用于根据该优先值发起随机接入过程。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括以下一种或多种：第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，包括：该处理单元还用于判断是否配置了该第一参数的优先值，以及，该根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：在判断结果为是的情况下，该处理单元根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，或者，在判断没有配置该优先值的情况下，该终端设备将根据第一参数的第一值发起随机接入过程，其中，该第一参数的第一值用于非优先的随机接入过程。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，该根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该处理单元确定该第一消息的发送次数小于或等于该第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，该处理单元确定该第一消息的发送次数大于该第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值，发起四步随机接入过程。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，该PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于该处理单元增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，该根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该处理单元采用上一次发送第一消息中包括的PUSCH的功率值与该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值的和值作为该PUSCH的功率发送该PUSCH。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，以及，该根据该优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：该处理单元确定该参考信号的接收功率大于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值发起两步随机接入过程，或者，该处理单元确定该参考信号的接收功率小于或等于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值，发起四步随机接入过程。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，其中，该装置可以配置在网络设备中或本身即为网络设备，包括：收发单元，用于发送第一信息，第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；该收发单元还用于接收终端设备在随机接入过程中发送的消息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括以下一种或多种：第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，该第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，该第一消息的最大传输次数用于该终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，该PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于该终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，该第一消息为该随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的 阈值，该参考信号接收功率的阈值用于该终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
第五方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端设备或配置于终端设备的模块(如芯片)执行，以下以该方法由网络设备执行为例进行说明。
该方法包括：终端设备确定第一带宽中先听后说LBT失败计数器达到第一值，该LBT失败计数器用于记录LBT失败的次数；该终端设备将激活带宽切换至第二带宽后发起第一随机接入过程。
根据本申请的方案，在一个带宽中LBT失败达到一定次数后即信道拥塞的情况下切换至另一个带宽后尝试接入以保障终端设备的正常通信。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备停止第一带宽上的第二随机接入过程。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该第二带宽包括多种类型的随机接入过程资源，该终端设备选择一种随机接入过程类型发起第一随机接入过程，该多种类型的随机接入过程包括两步随机接入过程和四步随机接入过程。
一种实施方式中，该终端设备在第二带宽上根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
另一种实施方式中，该第一随机接入过程采用与该第二随机接入过程相同类型的随机接入过程资源，发起第一随机接入过程。
另一种实施方式中，可以结合以上两种实施方式，当第一带宽中存在未完成的第二随机接入过程的情况下，第一随机接入过程采用与第二随机接入过程相同类型的随机接入过程资源，当第一带宽中没有未完成的随机接入过程的情况下，根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定选择第一随机接入过程采用的随机接入过程的资源。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，当第二带宽仅配置了一种随机接入过程的资源时，终端设备根据配置的随机接入过程的资源发起随机接入过程。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，网络设备为终端设备配置因LBT失败达到最大次数而切换带宽后发起的随机接入过程的类型，当LBT失败达到最大次数时，根据网络设备配置的随机接入过程的类型，选择切换至第二带宽，该第二带宽包括该类型的随机接入过程的资源。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括以下一项或多项：将该LBT失败计数器重置、停止LBT失败检测计时器、停止LBT失败计数计时器、将前导码传输计数器置1、将前导码功率攀升计数置为1、将两步随机接入过程的消息A中的前导码的功率攀升计数器置为1、将回退值置为0、将两步随机接入过程的消息A中的PUSCH功率攀升计数置为1、将两步随机接入过程的消息A的计数器置为1、清空四步随机接入过程的消息3的缓存和/或清空两步随机接入过程的消息A的缓存。
根据本申请的方案，切换带宽后重置各个计数器、计时器以便前一个的带宽中的记录值不影响切换后带宽上的通信
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：切换至该第二带宽后 保持四步随机接入过程中的消息3的缓存中的内容，和/或，切换至该第二带宽后保持两步随机接入过程中的消息A的缓存中的内容。
根据本申请的方案，切换带宽后能够立即读取缓存中的内容，避免重新组包。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，其中，该装置可以配置在终端设备中或本身即为终端设备，包括：处理单元，用于确定第一带宽中先听后说LBT失败计数器达到第一值，该LBT失败计数器用于记录LBT失败的次数；该处理单元还用于将激活带宽切换至第二带宽；收发单元，用于发起第一随机接入过程。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理单元还用于停止第一带宽上的第二随机接入过程。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该第二带宽包括多种类型的随机接入过程资源，该处理单元选择一种随机接入过程类型发起第一随机接入过程，该多种类型的随机接入过程包括两步随机接入过程和四步随机接入过程。
一种实施方式中，该处理单元在第二带宽上根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
另一种实施方式中，该第一随机接入过程采用与该第二随机接入过程相同类型的随机接入过程资源，发起第一随机接入过程。
另一种实施方式中，可以结合以上两种实施方式，当第一带宽中存在未完成的第二随机接入过程的情况下，第一随机接入过程采用与第二随机接入过程相同类型的随机接入过程资源，当第一带宽中没有未完成的随机接入过程的情况下，该处理单元根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定选择第一随机接入过程采用的随机接入过程的资源。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，当第二带宽仅配置了一种随机接入过程的资源时，该处理单元根据配置的随机接入过程的资源发起随机接入过程。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元接收网络设备配置的因LBT失败达到最大次数而切换带宽后发起的随机接入过程的类型，当LBT失败达到最大次数时，该处理单元根据网络设备配置的随机接入过程的类型，选择切换至第二带宽，该第二带宽包括该类型的随机接入过程的资源。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理单元还用于执行以下一项或多项：将该LBT失败计数器重置、停止LBT失败检测计时器、停止LBT失败计数计时器、将前导码传输计数器置1、将前导码功率攀升计数置为1、将两步随机接入过程的消息A中的前导码的功率攀升计数器置为1、将回退值置为0、将两步随机接入过程的消息A中的PUSCH功率攀升计数置为1、将两步随机接入过程的消息A的计数器置为1、清空四步随机接入过程的消息3的缓存和/或清空两步随机接入过程的消息A的缓存。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理单元还用于切换至该第二带宽后保持四步随机接入过程中的消息3的缓存中的内容，和/或，切换至该第二带宽后保持两步随机接入过程中的消息A的缓存中的内容。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以实现上述第一方面或第三方面，以及第一方面或第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括存储器。可选地，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为终端设备。当该通信装置为终端设备时，该通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片时，该通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，该收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，该输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第八方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以实现上述第二方面以及第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该通信装置还包括存储器。可选地，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为网络设备。当该通信装置为网络设备时，该通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置为配置于网络设备中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于网络设备中的芯片时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，所述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第九方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。所述处理电路用于通过所述输入电路接收信号，并通过所述输出电路发射信号，使得所述处理器执行第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为一个或多个芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，所述处理器为一个或多个，所述存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，所述存储器可以与所述处理器集成在一起，或者所述存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
应理解，相关的数据交互过程例如发送指示信息可以为从处理器输出指示信息的过程，接收能力信息可以为处理器接收输入能力信息的过程。具体地，处理器输出的数据可以输出给发射器，处理器接收的输入数据可以来自接收器。其中，发射器和接收器可以统称为收发器。
上述第十方面中的处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片。该处理装置中的处理器可以通过 硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括前述的网络设备和终端设备。
附图说明
图1是适用于本申请的通信通信系统的一例示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法的一示例性流程图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法的另一示例性流程图。
图4是适用于本申请实施例的无线通信的装置的一例的示意性框图。
图5是适用于本申请实施例的终端设备的一例的示意性结构图。
图6是适用于本申请实施例的网络设备的一例的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通信(global system formobile communications，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)，车到其它设备(Vehicle-to-X V2X)，其中V2X可以包括车到互联网(vehicle to network，V2N)、车到车(vehicle to-Vehicle，V2V)、车到基础设施(vehicle to infrastructure，V2I)、车到行人(vehicle to pedestrian，V2P)等、车间通信长期演进技术(Long Term Evolution-Vehicle，LTE-V)、车联网、机器类通信(machine type communication，MTC)、物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)、机器间通信长期演进技术(Long Term Evolution-Machine，LTE-M)，机器到机器(Machine to Machine，M2M)等。
图1是适用于本申请实施例的无线通信系统100的一示意图。
如图1所示，该无线通信系统100可以包括至少一个网络设备，例如图1所示的网络设备110。该无线通信系统100还可以包括至少一个终端设备，例如图1所示的终端设备120。该终端设备可以通过随机接入过程接入该网络设备。
本申请实施例中的终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。
其中，可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
此外，终端设备还可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端设备。IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。
应理解，本申请对于终端设备的具体形式不作限定。
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(Radio Network Controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(Base Station Controller，BSC)、基站收发台(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，Home evolved NodeB，或Home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(BaseBand Unit，BBU)，无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(Access Point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission point，TP)或者发送接收点(transmission and reception point，TRP)等，还可以为5G(如NR)系统中的gNB或传输点(TRP或TP)，或者，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，简称AAU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control， RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+AAU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一项或多项的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请对此不做限定。
网络设备为小区提供服务，终端设备通过网络设备分配的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与小区进行通信，该小区可以属于宏基站(例如，宏eNB或宏gNB等)，也可以属于小小区(small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(metro cell)、微小区(micro cell)、微微小区(pico cell)、毫微微小区(femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
此外，为了便于理解本申请实施例，做出以下几点说明。
第一，在本申请中，“用于指示”可以包括用于直接指示和用于间接指示。当描述用于指示A时，可以包括该指示信息直接指示A或间接指示A，而并不代表该指示信息中一定包括有A。
第二，在下文示出的实施例中第一、第二以及各种数字编号、字母编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的预设对应关系等。
第三，在下文示出的实施例中，“预设的”可包括由网络设备信令指示或者预先定义，例如，协议定义。其中，“预先定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括用户设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
第四，本申请实施例中涉及的“协议”可以是指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括LTE协议、NR协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
为便于理解本申请实施例，下面首先对本申请实施例涉及的概念进行说明。
1、四步随机接入过程
在LTE系统和5G NR系统中，以下几种情况通常需要进行随机接入过程：终端设备初始接入，由空闲态转换到连接态；在无线连接中断后重新建立无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接；切换时终端设备需要和目标小区建立上行同步；在终端设备处于连接态但终端设备上行不同步时，此时有上行或者下行数据到达，需通过随机接入建立上行同步；在使用基于上行测量进行用户定位时；在物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)上没有分配专门的调度请求资源时，通过随机接入申请上行资源。
随着5G NR系统的进一步讨论，随机接入可能会引入新的场景。如：不活跃(inactive)状态下下行数据(DL data)到达，此时上行处于不同步状态；inactive状态下上行数据(UL data)到达，此时上行处于不同步状态；inactive的状态转换；终端设备请求按需(On-demand)系统消息(System Information，SI)；终端设备发送波束失败恢复请求(Beam Failure Recovery Request)；终端设备请求系统消息(request for other SI)等。
LTE系统和5G NR系统的竞争随机接入包括以下流程。
a、随机接入初始化。
随机接入过程由物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)命令或MAC子层或RRC子层自身来触发。如果终端设备收到以小区无线网络临时标识(cell radio network temporary identity,C-RNTI)加扰并且与PDCCH命令(order)一致的PDCCH传输，将触发随机接入过程。PDCCH命令或RRC消息能够指示随机接入过程资源选择时使用的前导码(Preamble)索引RA-Preamble Index(共64种)，以及物理层随机接入信道索引RA-PRACH-Mask Index(共16种)。
其中，前导码索引用于指示随机接入的前导码，当前导码索引取值为000000时，表示随机接入是由MAC子层发起，即前导码由MAC子层自己选取，对应地，执行竞争随机接入。当前导码索引取值不为000000时，UE使用前导码索引指示的前导码进行随机接入，即执行非竞争随机接入。物理层物理接入信道索引RA-PRACH-Mask Index用于指示终端设备可在系统帧内第几个子帧对应的PRACH上发送preamble，终端设备可通过RA-PRACH-Mask Index，查找对应表，确定前导码和可用的物理资源。
随机接入初始化要配置参数，这些参数包括：可用于传输随机接入前导码的PRACH资源集(如，PRACH-Config Index)；可用随机接入前导码分组(A组或B组)及每组中可用的前导码集合；前导码最大传输次数(preamble Trans-Max)；前导码初始发射功率(preamble Initial Received Target power)；功率抬升步长(power Ramping Step)；随机接入响应窗(RA-Response window Size)；第三消息(Msg3)的HARQ最大重传次数(max HARQ-Msg3)；竞争解决定时器(mac-Contention Resolution Timer)。
应注意，在每次随机接入过程触发前，上述配置的参数都可以通过高层配置进行更新。终端设备在获得上述参数后执行以下操作：清空Msg3缓存；将前导码发送的次数(PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER)设置为1；将前导码功率攀升的次数(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER)设置为1；将终端设备保存的退避(backoff)参数值设置为0ms，并进入随机接入资源选择阶段。
b、终端设备向网络设备发送随机接入前导码(random access preamble，RAP)。
具体的，RAP承载于第一消息(Msg1)中。RAP的主要作用是告诉网络设备有一个随机接入请求，并使得网络设备能估计其与终端设备之间的传输时延，以便接入网设备可以校准上行的提前量(uplink timing)并将校准信息通过定时提前命令(Timing Advance command)告知终端设备。
随着5G NR系统中引入新的随机接入场景，随机接入还可以用于新场景中终端设备的其他请求。例如，RAP还可以用于指示发送按需系统消息请求，或者用于指示发送波束失败恢复请求等等，本申请对此不作限定。
例如，RAP可以与一个或多个on-demand SI请求具有对应关系，或者RAP可以与一个或多个波束失败恢复请求之间具有对应关系。终端设备可以预配置该RAP，或者接收接入网设备配置的该RAP。
如果接入过程失败，则UE将在上次发射功率的基础上，提升功率powerRampingStep来发送下次preamble，以提高发射成功的概率。前导码功率每攀升一次，PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER就加1。
c、终端设备接收网络设备发送的随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)。
具体的，终端设备可以利用随机接入无线网络临时标识(random access radio network temporary identifier，RA-RNTI)监听PDCCH，若接收到属于自己的调度信息，即下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)，终端设备根据DCI信息在PDSCH上接收来自网络设备下发的RAR消息。DCI信息包括诸如资源块(Resource Block,RB)分配信息、调制编码方式(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)等相关内容。
具体的，随机接入响应承载于第二消息(Msg2)中。在终端设备发送了preamble后，会在RAR响应窗口内根据preamble对应的RA-RNTI值来监听对应的PDCCH。如果终端设备接收的响应中携带的Preamble与Msg1发送的Preamble一致，则停止监听RAR。具体而言，网络设备可以通过PDSCH向终端设备发送RAR。
RAR中包含上行定时提前量、为第三消息(Msg3)分配的上行授权(UL grant)、网络侧分配的C-RNTI等。承载Msg2调度消息的PDCCH用RA-RNTI加扰。
d、终端设备向网络设备发送基于调度传输(scheduled transmission)的消息(即Msg3)。
终端设备根据Msg2中的上行授权和上行定时提前量信息，通过(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)向网络设备发送Msg3。这里，根据终端设备状态的不同和应用场景的不同，Msg3的内容也可能不同。
由于网络设备是将MAC PDU发送给多个终端设备的，因而每个终端设备接收到的RAR可以不同，相应地，每个终端设备的行为也可能不同。每个终端设备在监听到属于自己的RAR后，可以根据RAR中包含的具体内容向接入网设备发送Msg3。Msg3缓存(Msg3 buffer)，用来存储Msg3。
Msg3可以分为以下几种：RRC连接请求、追踪区域数据更新、资源调度请求等。表1中给出了Msg3一些示例。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000001
e，终端设备接收网络设备发送的竞争解决，即第四消息Msg4。
当多个终端设备使用相同的前导码发起随机接入时，就会发生竞争。竞争相同资源的终端设备中最多只有一个终端设备能够接入成功。此时网络设备通过(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)向终端设备发送竞争解决消息。
具体的，终端设备在发送完Msg3后，开启竞争解决定时器(mac-Contention Resolution Timer)，并利用RAR中指示的临时C-RNTI(Temporary C-RNTI)或者网络设备预先配置的C-RNTI来监听PDCCH，若在竞争解决定时器超时前，终端设备接收到来自网络设备发给自己的竞争解决消息，则认为随机接入过程成功。
2、两步随机接入过程
两步随机接入的流程如下：
a、终端设备向网络设备发送消息A(MsgA)。
具体地，该MsgA包括随机接入信号和载荷数据(PUSCH)，随机接入信号可以包括前导码Preamble和/或解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal,DMRS)，该随机接入信号用于载荷数据的接收，例如，可以根据该随机接入信号确定载荷数据的传输边界(比如传输载荷数据的时隙(slot)的起始位置和结束位置)或解调。该载荷数据可以为控制面数据和/或用户面数据，该载荷数据可以对应于前述四步随机接入机制中Msg3中包含的内容。例如，该载荷数据可以包括RRC连接请求、终端设备的标识、调度请求、缓存状态报告(buffer status report,BSR)和真实的业务数据等中的任意一种。两步RACH里重新定义了一个MsgA缓存(MsgA buffer)，类似于四步随机接入过程里的Msg3缓存(Msg3buffer)，用来存储MsgA的载荷数据。
可选地，终端设备的标识可以为C-RNTI、临时移动用户标识(serving-temporary mobile subscriber identity,s-TMSI)、非激活状态下终端的标识(resumeIdentity)等。具体携带什么标识，取决于不同的随机接入触发事件，不做限定。需说明的是，该终端设备的标识可以全部携带于载荷数据中，或者可以部分携带于载荷数据中，部分携带于随机接入信号中。其中，携带于随机接入信号中，可以理解为，不同的序列或相同的序列但是不同的循环移位，来表示不同的比特值。
网络设备接收到MsgA之后，对随机接入信号和载荷数据进行解码，得到解码情况包括：(1)“成功解码”；(2)“未成功解码”。
进一步地，随机接入信号所在的资源与载荷数据所在的资源的可能关系如下：1)在时域上存在重叠区域，在频域上没有重叠区域；2)在时域上没有重叠区域，在频域上可以存在重叠区域，也可以不存在重叠区域。随机接入信号所在的资源和载荷数据所在的资源可以是由网络设备配置的。
b，网络设备向终端设备发送消息B(MsgB)。
具体地，MsgB用于承载针对该随机接入信号和载荷数据的响应消息。该响应消息可以至少包括以下之一：临时C-RNTI的信息、定时提前命令(TA command)的信息、上行授权的信息、竞争解决标识(contention resolution ID)信息等。其中，竞争解决标识可以为载荷数据的部分或者全部内容。
此外，响应消息还包括控制面消息(也可以看作基于调度传输的应答消息)，例如，根据终端设备状态的不同和触发场景的不同，RAR还可以包括以下之一：RRC连接(RRCSetup)消息、RRC重建立(RRCReestablishment)消息、RRC恢复(RRCResume)消息等。
其中，本申请所述的响应消息是指对请求随机接入的响应消息，也可以称为随机接入响应(消息)。
3、部分带宽(bandwidth part，BWP)
随着通信技术的发展，所用的频谱越来越宽。由于NR的频谱带宽大，为了更灵活使用频谱，NR引入了BWP技术，即一部分带宽技术。根据基站的负载和UE的业务需求，基站可以为UE激活不同的BWP。如当UE进行大量的数据业务时，基站给UE激活较宽的BWP。当基站发现UE当前激活的BWP负载较重，就给UE激活另一个较空闲的BWP。
基站会给小区配置初始上下行的BWP。UE接入到这个小区后，基站会根据情况给 UE配置专用的BWP，最多配置4个，基站会根据情况激活其中一个。一个UE在一个小区下只能同时激活一个BWP。
4、先听后说(listen before talk，LBT)
无线通信的基础是频谱资源，频谱资源按照类型可以分两类，授权频谱和非授权频谱。授权频谱在某个地方只能由特定运营商使用，而非授权频谱可以由任何运营商使用，是共享的频谱资源。本发明实施例2主要针对非授权频谱。
在非授权频谱中，由于是共享的频谱，存在很多不同空口技术，比如WiFi，LTE授权频谱辅助接入(licensed assisted access，LAA)，LTE Multefire等。为了保证不同空口技术在非授权频谱上共存，需要一个机制避免互相干扰。这个机制就是LBT。
LBT：设备在进行数据传输之前，要做的一个信道接入过程。如果信道接入过程通过，那么数据传输可以进行，如果信道接入过程未通过，那么数据传输就不能进行。
信道接入过程包括两类：第一类是基于固定时长的能量检测，设备检测非授权频谱资源上的信号强度，如果大于预设门限，那么就认为信道忙碌，否则就认为信道空闲。第二类是基于回退机制的能量检测，设备从窗口[最小值,最大值]中随机选取一个值A，只有检测到至少A个空闲的能量检测的时隙之后，才认为信道空闲，否则，认为信道忙碌。设备只有在认为信道空闲的时候，才可以进行数据传输。
以下结合附图对本申请实施例进行具体说明。
图2是本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法的一示例性流程图。
S210，网络设备向终端设备发送信息#1(即，第一信息的一例)，信息#1中包括用于随机接入过程的参数#1(即，第一参数的一例)的优先值。
S220，终端设备判断是否配置了参数#1的优先值。
网络设备通过信息#1为终端设备配置随机接入过程中参数#1的优先值。终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前判断网络设备是否为其配置了参数#1的优先值，当网络设备为终端设备配置了参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的优先值发起随机接入过程，当没有配置参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的第一值发起随机接入过程，网络设备通过信息#2为终端设备配置参数#1的第一值，也就是说，网络设备通过两个不同的配置信息为终端设备分别配置参数#1的优先值和参数#1的第一值。
根据本申请的方案，通过网络设备为终端设备配置随机接入过程的参数的优先值，使得终端设备能够根据参数的优先值发起随机接入过程而快速接入网络。
作为示例非限定，该参数#1的优先值用于因波束失败恢复或切换发起的随机接入过程。
其中，波束失败恢复包括但限于终端设备恢复与网络设备之间的服务波束连接的过程。例如，当终端设备检测到服务波束质量差(即波束失败检测参考信号的接收功率低于门限值)的情况下，终端设备发起随机接入过程以便恢复终端设备与网络设备之间的连接。切换可以包括但不限于切换服务小区，例如，当终端设备切换服务小区时，需要通过发起随机接入过程以接入到目标服务小区。
终端设备检测到服务波束参考信号低于门限值时确定
也可以说，波束失败恢复和/或切换为优先的随机接入过程，当终端设备发起用于波束失败恢复和/或切换的随机接入过程时需要确定网络设备是否其配置了参数#1的优先 值，配置了优先值则根据参数#1的优先值发起随机接入过程。
例如，当终端设备检测到波束失败时，需要发起用于波束失败恢复的随机接入过程，则终端设备首先判断网络设备是否为其配置了参数#1的优先值，当配置了参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的优先值发起随机接入过程，当没有配置参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的第一值发起随机接入过程。
再例如，当终端设备因决定切换至其他小区而需要发起随机接入过程时，则终端设备首先判断网络设备是否为其配置了参数#1的优先值，当配置了参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的优先值发起随机接入过程，当没有配置参数#1的优先值时，终端设备根据参数#1的第一值发起随机接入过程。
本申请中，该参数#1包括但不限于以下参数中的一项或多项：
参数a，消息A的最大传输次数
消息A为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，消息A的最大传输次数用于终端设备根据已发送的消息A的次数与该参数a(即，消息A的最大传输次数)的值比较后确定发起两步随机接入过程还是发起四步随机接入过程，当已发送的消息A的次数小于或等于该参数a的值的情况下，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程；当已发送的消息A的次数大于该参数a的值的情况下，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程，其中，当已发送的消息A的次数等于该参数a的值的情况下，也可以发送四步随机接入过程。
在终端设备需要发起随机接入过程的情况下，首先判断是否配置了消息A的最大传输次数的优先值，当配置了消息A的最大传输次数的优先值时，终端设备根据已发送的消息A的次数与该消息A的最大传输次数的优先值比较，在已发送的消息A的次数小于或等于该消息A的最大传输次数的优先值的情况下，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程，在已发送的消息A的次数大于该消息A的最大传输次数的优先值的情况下，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程；当没有配置消息A的最大传输次数的优先值时，终端设备根据已发送的消息A的次数与该消息A的最大传输次数的第一值比较，在已发送的消息A的次数小于或等于该消息A的最大传输次数的第一值的情况下，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程；在已发送的消息A的次数大于该消息A的最大传输次数的第一值的情况下，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程。
例如，信息#1可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000002
其中，RA-Prioritization表示信息#1，MsgA-TransMaxHighPriority用于配置消息A的最大传输次数的优先值，且优先值可以从{A,B,C,D}中选择一个。
再例如，信息#2可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000003
其中，RACH-ConfigGenericTwoStepRA表示信息#2，MsgA-TransMax用于配置消息A的最大传输次数的第一值，且第一值可以从{E,F,G,H}中选择一个。
在本申请中，参数#1的优先值的可选值可以与参数#1的第一值的可选值相同，也可以不同，本申请对此不作限定，例如，优先值的可选值{A,B,C,D}可以与第一值的可选值{E,F,G,H}包括的数值相同，也可以包括至少一个不同的数值。
一种实施方式中，网络设备为终端设备配置的消息A的最大传输次数的优先值大于消息A的最大传输次数的第一值，但本申请不限于此。
参数b，PUSCH功率攀升阶数
PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于终端设备确定两步随机接入过程中的第一步消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率。终端设备计算上一次发送第一步消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率与PUSCH功率攀升阶数的值的和值，采用该和值作为发送功率发送该PUSCH。
在终端设备确定需要发起两步随机接入的情况下，判断网络设备是否为该终端设备配置了该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值，当配置了该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值时，终端设备根据该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值计算该PUSCH的发送功率；当没有配置了该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值时，终端设备根据该PUSCH功率攀升阶数的第一值计算该PUSCH的发送功率。
例如，信息#1可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000004
其中，RA-Prioritization表示信息#1，MsgA-PUSCH-powerRampingStepHighPriority用于配置PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值，且优先值可以从{A,B,C,D}中选择一个。
再例如，信息#2可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000005
其中，RACH-ConfigGenericTwoStepRA表示信息#2，MsgA-PUSCH-powerRampingStep用于配置PUSCH功率攀升阶数的第一值，且第一值可以从{E,F,G,H}中选择一个。
在本申请中，PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值的可选值可以与PUSCH功率攀升阶数的第一值的可选值相同，也可以不同，本申请对此不作限定，例如，优先值的可选值{A,B,C,D}可以与第一值的可选值{E,F,G,H}包括的数值相同，也可以包括至少一个不同的数值。
一种实施方式中，网络设备为终端设备配置的PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值大于PUSCH功率攀升阶数的第一值，但本申请不限于此。
参数c，参考信号接收功率阈值
参考信号接收功率阈值用于终端设备比较参考信号的接收功率与配置的参考信号接收功率的阈值的大小，确定采用两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。当参考信号的接收功率大于配置的参考信号接收功率的阈值时，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程；当参 考信号的接收功率小于或等于配置的参考信号接收功率的阈值时，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程，其中，当参考信号的接收功率等于配置的参考信号接收功率的阈值时，也可以发送两步随机接入过程。作为示例非限定，该参考信号可以是下行路径损耗参考信号。
在终端设备需要发起随机接入过程的情况下，首先判断是否配置了参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值，当配置了参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值时，终端设备比较参考信号的接收功率与该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值的大小，在参考信号的接收功率大于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值的情况下，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程，在参考信号的接收功率小于或等于该参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值的情况下，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程；当没有配置参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值时，终端设备比较参考信号的接收功率与该参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值的大小，在参考信号的接收功率大于该参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值的情况下，终端设备发起两步随机接入过程，在参考信号的接收功率小于或等于该参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值的情况下，终端设备发起四步随机接入过程。
例如，信息#1可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000006
其中，RA-Prioritization表示信息#1，rsrp-ThresholdSSB-TwoStepHighPriority用于配置参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值，且优先值可以从{A,B,C,D}中选择一个。
再例如，信息#2可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000007
其中，RACH-ConfigCommonTwoStepRA表示信息#2，rsrp-ThresholdSSB-TwoStep用于配置参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值，且第一值可以从{E,F,G,H}中选择一个。
在本申请中，参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值的可选值可以与参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值的可选值相同，也可以不同，本申请对此不作限定，例如，优先值的可选值{A,B,C,D}可以与第一值的可选值{E,F,G,H}包括的数值相同，也可以包括至少一个不同的数值。
一种实施方式中，网络设备为终端设备配置的参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值小于参考信号接收功率阈值的第一值，但本申请不限于此。
在本申请中，参数#1可以包括但不限于以上参数a、参数b或参数c中的一种或多种。
例如，参数#1包括参数a和参数b，即包括PUSCH功率攀升阶数和消息A最大传输次数，则信息#1可以包括但不限于如下格式：
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000009
再例如，参数#1包括以上三个参数，即包括消息A最大传输次数、PUSCH功率攀升阶数和参考信号接收功率阈值
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000010
此外，信息#1可以为两步随机接入过程的专用配置，也就是说，信息#1用于配置两步随机接入过程具有优先级值的参数。
信息#1也可以是两步随机接入过程和四步随机接入过程的公用参数，也就是说，随机接入过程中(无论两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程)具有优先级值的参数包括在该信息#1中。
例如，信息#1包括PUSCH功率攀升阶数、前导码功率攀升阶数和回退指示的优先值配置，其中，前导码功率攀升阶数既可以用于计算四步随机接入过程中发送的前导码(即随机接入前导码preamble)的发送功率，也可以用于计算两步随机接入过程中发送的前导码(可以包括随机接入前导码preamble和/或DMRS)的发送功率，回退指示用于终端设备计算重发前导码之前需要等待的时间，该回退指示即可以用于四步随机接入过程也可以用于两步随机接入过程。
Figure PCTCN2019116425-appb-000011
作为示例非限定，信息#1承载在系统消息块(system information block，SIB)或RRC消息中。
需要说明的是，以上信息#1、信息#2以及参数#1的表示名称仅为本方案的一示例，但本申请不限于此。
图3是本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法的另一示例性流程图。
S310，带宽A(即，第一带宽的一例)中计数器#1达到第一值。
S320，激活带宽切换至带宽B(即，第二带宽的一例)。
S330，发起随机接入过程B(即，第一随机接入过程的一例)。
在基于NR技术的非授权频谱接入技术中，当终端设备工作于带宽A时计数器#1达到第一值的情况下，终端设备将激活带宽切换至带宽B。其中，计数器#1用于记录终端设备LBT检测失败的次数，其中，带宽可以为BWP，激活带宽可以是激活的BWP，也可以称为工作带宽，即用于通信的带宽，但本申请不限于此。
作为示例非限定，第一值为协议规定或系统预设的LBT失败次数最大值，或者，第 一值为网络设备为终端设备配置的LBT失败次数最大值。
终端设备的激活带宽由带宽A切换至带宽B后，终端设备在发起随机接入的时候，需要执行随机接入初始化，包括但不限于以下一种或多种情况：
情况一
若终端设备带宽A上有未完成的随机接入过程A(即，第二随机过程的一例)，则停止随机接入过程A。切换至带宽B后终端设备发起随机接入过程B。
当带宽B既配置了两步随机接入过程的资源又配置了四步随机接入过程的资源的情况下，终端设备选择一种随机接入过程类型发起随机接入过程B。
一种实施方式中，终端设备在带宽B上根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。当终端设备确定参考信号接收功率大于阈值时则终端设备发起两步随机接入过程(随机接入过程B为两步随机接入过程)，当终端设备确定参考信号接收功率小于或等于阈值时则终端设备发起四步随机接入过程(随机接入过程B为四步随机接入过程)。作为示例分限定，该参考信号可以为下行路径损耗参考信号。
另一种实施方式中，终端设备采用带宽A未完成的随机接入过程A的类型，发起随机接入过程B，例如，随机接入过程A为两步随机接入过程，则终端设备在带宽B上发起两步随机接入过程(即随机接入过程B为两步随机接入过程)。再例如，随机接入过程A为四步随机接入过程，则终端设备在带宽B上发起四步随机接入过程(即随机接入过程B为四步随机接入过程)。
另一种实施方式中，可以结合以上两种实施方式，当带宽A中存在未完成的随机接入过程A的情况下，随机接入过程B采用与随机接入过程A相同类型，当带宽A中没有未完成的随机接入过程A的情况下，根据参考信号接收功率阈值确定随机接入过程B的类型。
当带宽B仅配置了一种随机接入过程的资源时，终端设备根据配置的随机接入过程的资源发起随机接入，例如当带宽B只配置了两步随机接入过程的资源，则终端设备在带宽B上发起两步随机接入过程(即随机接入过程B为两步随机接入过程)，再例如，当带宽B只配置了四步随机接入过程的资源，则终端设备在带宽B上发起四步随机接入过程(即随机接入过程B为四步随机接入过程)。
终端设备根据网络设备配置的因LBT失败达到最大次数而切换带宽后发起的随机接入过程的类型，在LBT失败达到最大次数时，选择切换至包括该类型随机接入过程的资源的带宽上，发起该类型的随机接入过程。
一种实施方式中，网络设备为终端设备配置因LBT失败达到最大次数而切换带宽后发起的随机接入过程的类型，也就是说，网络设备为终端设备配置随机接入过程B的类型，例如，两步随机接入过程，则终端设备在LBT失败达到最大次数后，切换至包括两步随机接入过程的资源的带宽，即终端设备确定带宽B包括两步随机接入过程的资源，则终端设备切换至带宽B，并在带宽B上发起两步随机接入过程。
情况二
终端设备重置计数器#1，例如，重置为0，本申请不限于此，能够避免因记录LBT失败次数的计数器保持第一值而造成的带宽频繁切换，计数器#1的名称可以表示为LBT_FAIL_COUNTER，但本申请不限于此。
情况三
如果计时器#1正在运行，终端设备停止计时器#1，该计时器#1用于维护计数器#1，在计时器#1运行期间没有发生LBT检测失败的情况(即计数器#1记录值没有增加)则重置计数器#1。
当终端设备LBT检测每失败一次，则计时器#1启动或重新启动一次，也就是说，计数器#1加1时，计时器#1启动或重新启动；
计时器#1运行期间，即计时器#1从启动到超时期间，没有发生LBT检测失败的情况，即计数器#1没有增加，保持为同一值，则重置计数器#1。该计时器的名称可以为LBT失败检测计时器(lbtFailureDetectionTimer)，但申请不限于此。情况四
如果计时器#2正在运行，终端设备停止计时器#2，计时器#2用于防止短时间内因计数器#1快速增加到第一值而造成频繁切换带宽的情况。当计时器#2运行期间，不管终端设备检测到多少次LBT失败，计数器#1只增加1，该计时器#2的名称可以为LBT失败计数计时器(lbtFailureCountTimer)，但本申请不限于此。
情况五
终端设备清空四步随机接入过程中消息3的缓存，终端设备在带宽B上如果需要发起四步随机接入过程则需要重新组包消息3。
情况六
终端设备清空两步随机接入过程中的消息A的缓存，终端设备在带宽B上如果需要发起两步随机接入过程则需要重新组包消息A。
情况七
终端设备切换至带宽B后保持四步随机接入过程中消息3的缓存，终端设备在带宽B上如果需要发起四步随机接入过程则从消息3的缓存取包发送，而不需要重新组包。
情况八
终端设备切换至带宽B后保持两步随机接入过程中消息A的缓存，终端设备在带宽B上如果需要发起两步随机接入过程则从消息A的缓存取包发送，而不需要重新组包。
情况九
终端设备将前导码传输计数器(PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER)置1，能够达到前一个的带宽中的记录值不影响切换后带宽上的正常通信的目的，该前导码计数器用来记录前导码的发送次数，可以为四步随机接入过程的前导码计数器，也可以是两步随机接入过程与四步随机接入过程共用该前导码计数器。若两步随机接入过程的消息A中的前导码单独采用一个前导码计数器，则终端设备切换至带宽B后将该前导码计数器置1，该前导码计数器的名称可以为MSGA_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER，但本申请不限于此。
情况十
终端设备将前导码功率攀升计数器(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER)置为1，能够达到前一个的带宽中的记录值不影响切换后带宽上的正常通信的目的，该前导码功率攀升计数器用于记录前导码功率攀升的次数，该前导码功率攀升计数器可以为四步随机接入过程的前导码功率攀升计数器，也可以是两步随机接入过程与四步随机接入过程共用该前导码功率攀升计数器。若两步随机接入过程的消息A中的前导码单独采用一个功率攀升计数器，则终端设备切换至带宽B后将该前导码功率攀升计数器置为1，该前导 码功率攀升计数器的名称可以为MsgA_PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER，但本申请不限于此。
情况十一
终端设备将两步随机接入过程的消息A中的PUSCH功率攀升计数置为1，能够达到前一个的带宽中的记录值不影响切换后带宽上的正常通信的目的，功率攀升技术器用于记录消息A中的PUSCH功率攀升的次数。该PUSCH功率攀升计数器的名称可以为MsgA_PUSCH_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER，但本申请不限于此。
情况十二
终端设备将回退值(backoff indicator，BI)置为0ms。使得终端设备切换至带宽B后能够立即发起随机接入过程，以减少接入时延。
四步随机接入过程中，BI用于指示终端设备重发前导码前需要等待的时间范围。若终端设备在RAR时间窗内没有接收到RAR，或接收到的RAR中没有一个preamble与该终端设备发送的preamble相符，则终端设备判断RAR接收失败。终端设备需要等待一个BI值后，再发起随机接入，等待的时间为在0至BI指定的等待时间区间内选取一个随机值。BI的名称可以为PREAMBLE_BACKOFF，但本申请不限于此。两步随机接入过程可以与四步随机接入过程共用同一个配置的BI，即网络设备为终端设备配置的一个BI既用于两步随机接入过程也用于四步随机接入过程，也可以是网络设备为终端设备分别配置用于四步随机接入过程的BI和用于两步随机接入过程的BI，用于两步随机接入过程中的BI与上述四步随机接入过程的BI具有相同或相似的功能，为了简要再此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，以上提到的四步随机接入过程的前导码为随机接入前导码preamble，两步随机接入的前导码为随机接入前导码preamble和/或DMRS。
以上，结合图2、图3详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。以下，结合图4至图6详细说明本申请实施例提供的装置。
图4是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。如图4所示，该通信装置1500可以包括处理单元1510和收发单元1520。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1500可对应于上文方法实施例中的终端设备，例如，可以为终端设备，或者配置于终端设备中的芯片。
应理解，该通信装置1500可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法200、300中的终端设备，该通信装置1500可以包括用于执行图2、图3中的方法200、300中终端设备执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1500中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图2中的方法200、300的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1500用于执行图2中的方法200，收发单元1520可用于执行方法200中的S210，处理单元1510可用于执行方法200中的S220，S230。当该通信装置1500用于执行图2中的方法300，处理单元1510可用于执行方法300中的S310、S320、S330。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1500为终端设备时，该通信装置1500中的收发单元1520可对应于图5中示出的终端设备2000中的收发器2020，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510可对应于图5中示出的终端设备2000中的处理器2010。
还应理解，该通信装置1500为终端设备时，该通信装置1500中的收发单元1520可通过通信接口(如收发器或输入/输出接口)实现，例如可对应于图5中示出的终端设备2000中的收发器2020，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图5中示出的终端设备2000中的处理器2010，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510还可以通过至少一个逻辑电路实现。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括处理单元1510，该处理单元1510可以用于处理指令或者数据，以实现相应的操作。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令或者数据，处理单元可以调用该存储单元中存储的指令或者数据，以实现相应的操作。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在另一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1500可对应于上文方法实施例中的网络设备，例如，可以为网络设备，或者配置于网络设备中的芯片。
应理解，该通信装置1500可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法200中的网络设备，该通信装置1500可以包括用于执行图2中的方法200中网络设备执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1500中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图2中的方法200、300的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1500用于执行当该通信装置1500用于执行图2中的方法200，收发单元1520可用于执行方法200中的S210。。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1500为网络设备时，该通信装置1500中的收发单元为可对应于图6中示出的网络设备3000中的收发器3100，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510可对应于图6中示出的网络设备3000中的处理器3202。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括处理单元1510，该处理单元1510可以用于处理指令或者数据，以实现相应的操作。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令或者数据，处理单元可以调用该存储单元中存储的指令或者数据，以实现相应的操作。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1500为网络设备时，该通信装置1500中的收发单元1520为可通过通信接口(如收发器或输入/输出接口)实现，例如可对应于图6中示出的网络设备3000中的收发器3100，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图6中示出的网络设备3000中的处理器3202，该通信装置1500中的处理单元1510可通过至少一个逻辑电路实现。
图5是本申请实施例提供的终端设备2000的结构示意图。该终端设备2000可应用于如图1所示的系统中，执行上述方法实施例中终端设备的功能。如图所示，该终端设备2000包括处理器2010和收发器2020。可选地，该终端设备2000还包括存储器2030。其中，处理器2010、收发器2020和存储器2030之间可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号，该存储器2030用于存储计算机程序，该处理器2010用于从该存 储器2030中调用并运行该计算机程序，以控制该收发器2020收发信号。可选地，终端设备2000还可以包括天线2040，用于将收发器2020输出的上行数据或上行控制信令通过无线信号发送出去。
上述处理器2010可以和存储器2030可以合成一个处理装置，处理器2010用于执行存储器2030中存储的程序代码来实现上述功能。具体实现时，该存储器2030也可以集成在处理器2010中，或者独立于处理器2010。该处理器2010可以与图4中的处理单元对应。
上述收发器2020可以与图4中的收发单元对应。收发器2020可以包括接收器(或称接收机、接收电路)和发射器(或称发射机、发射电路)。其中，接收器用于接收信号，发射器用于发射信号。
应理解，图5所示的终端设备2000能够实现图2、图3所示方法实施例中涉及终端设备的各个过程。终端设备2000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
上述处理器2010可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由终端设备内部实现的动作，而收发器2020可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的终端设备向网络设备发送或从网络设备接收的动作。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
可选地，上述终端设备2000还可以包括电源2050，用于给终端设备中的各种器件或电路提供电源。
除此之外，为了使得终端设备的功能更加完善，该终端设备2000还可以包括输入单元2060、显示单元2070、音频电路2080、摄像头2090和传感器2100等中的一个或多个，所述音频电路还可以包括扬声器2082、麦克风2084等。
图6是本申请实施例提供的网络设备的结构示意图，例如可以为网络设备的相关结构的示意图。
应理解，图6所示的网络设备3000能够实现图2所示方法实施例中涉及网络设备的各个过程。网络设备3000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
应理解，图6所示出的网络设备3000仅为网络设备的一种可能的架构，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请所提供的方法可适用于其他架构的网络设备。例如，包含CU、DU和AAU的网络设备等。本申请对于网络设备的具体架构不作限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器用于执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其 他集成芯片。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图2、图3所示实施例中的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图2、图3所示实施例中的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种系统，其包括前述的一个或多个终端设备以及一个或多个网络设备。
上述各个装置实施例中网络设备与终端设备和方法实施例中的网络设备或终端设备 完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如通信单元(收发器)执行方法实施例中接收或发送的步骤，除发送、接收外的其它步骤可以由处理单元(处理器)执行。具体单元的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。其中，处理器可以为一个或多个。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disc，SSD))等。
上述各个装置实施例中网络设备与终端设备和方法实施例中的网络设备或终端设备完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如通信单元(收发器)执行方法实施例中接收或发送的步骤，除发送、接收外的其它步骤可以由处理单元(处理器)执行。具体单元的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。其中，处理器可以为一个或多个。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组 件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，各功能单元的功能可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令(程序)。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令(程序)时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备接收网络设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；
    所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括以下一种或多种：
    第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值，其中，所述第一消息为随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备判断是否配置了所述第一参数的优先值，以及，
    所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    在判断结果为是的情况下，所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，
    或者，在所述终端设备判断没有配置所述优先值的情况下，所述终端设备将根据第一参数的第一值发起随机接入过程，其中，所述第一参数的第一值用于非优先的随机接入过程。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，
    所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述终端设备确定所述第一消息的发送次数小于或等于所述第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，
    所述终端设备确定所述第一消息的发送次数大于所述第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起四步随机接入过程。
  5. 根据权利要去1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于所述终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，
    所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述终端设备采用上一次发送第一消息中包括的PUSCH的功率值与所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值的和值作为所述PUSCH的功率发送所述PUSCH。
  6. 根据权利要1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，以及，
    所述终端设备根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述终端设备确定所述参考信号的接收功率大于所述参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，
    所述终端设备确定所述参考信号的接收功率小于或等于所述参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值后，发起四步随机接入过程。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入过程用于 波束失败恢复或切换。
  8. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备向终端设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；
    网络设备接收所述终端设备在随机接入过程中发送的消息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括以下一种或多种：
    第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值，其中，所述第一消息为随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，所述第一消息的最大传输次数用于所述终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
  11. 根据权利要8至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于所述终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  12. 根据权利要8至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，所述参考信号接收功率的阈值用于所述终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
  13. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
  14. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收第一信息，所述第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；
    处理单元，用于根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括以下一种或多种：
    第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值，其中，所述第一消息为随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    所述处理单元还用于判断是否配置了所述第一参数的优先值，以及，
    所述根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    在判断结果为是的情况下，所述处理单元根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，
    或者，在判断没有配置所述优先值的情况下，所述处理单元将根据第一参数的第一值发起随机接入过程，其中，所述第一参数的第一值用于非优先的随机接入过程。
  17. 根据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，
    所述根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述处理单元确定所述第一消息的发送次数小于或等于所述第一消息的最大传输次数的优先值后，发起两步随机接入过程，或者，
    所述处理单元确定所述第一消息的发送次数大于所述第一消息的最大传输次数的优 先值，发起四步随机接入过程。
  18. 根据权利要去14至17中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于所述处理单元增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，以及，
    所述根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述处理单元采用上一次发送第一消息中包括的PUSCH的功率值与所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数的优先值的和值作为所述PUSCH的功率发送所述PUSCH。
  19. 根据权利要14至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，以及，
    所述根据所述优先值发起随机接入过程，包括：
    所述处理单元确定所述参考信号的接收功率大于所述参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值发起两步随机接入过程，或者，
    所述处理单元确定所述参考信号的接收功率小于或等于所述参考信号接收功率阈值的优先值，发起四步随机接入过程。
  20. 根据权利要求14至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
  21. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括用于随机接入过程的第一参数的优先值；
    所述收发单元还用于接收终端设备在随机接入过程中发送的消息。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括以下一种或多种：
    第一消息的最大传输次数、上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数或参考信号接收功率的阈值，其中，所述第一消息为随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括第一消息的最大传输次数，所述第一消息为两步随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息，所述第一消息的最大传输次数用于所述终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
  24. 根据权利要21至23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括上行共享信道PUSCH功率攀升阶数，所述PUSCH功率攀升阶数用于所述终端设备增加第一消息中包括的PUSCH的发送功率，所述第一消息为所述随机接入过程中第一步发送的消息。
  25. 根据权利要21至24中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数包括参考信号接收功率的阈值，所述参考信号接收功率的阈值用于所述终端设备选择发起两步随机接入过程还是四步随机接入过程。
  26. 根据权利要求21至25中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入过程用于波束失败恢复或切换。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器和通信接口；
    所述通信接口用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14至20任一项所述的装置，和/或如权利要求21至26任一项所述的装置。
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