WO2021082798A1 - 一种头戴式显示设备 - Google Patents

一种头戴式显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082798A1
WO2021082798A1 PCT/CN2020/116223 CN2020116223W WO2021082798A1 WO 2021082798 A1 WO2021082798 A1 WO 2021082798A1 CN 2020116223 W CN2020116223 W CN 2020116223W WO 2021082798 A1 WO2021082798 A1 WO 2021082798A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user
display
head
pupil
display device
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PCT/CN2020/116223
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛春静
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021082798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082798A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0176—Head mounted characterised by mechanical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of augmented reality technology, and in particular to a head-mounted display device.
  • Augmented reality is a real-time calculation of the position and angle of the camera and the corresponding image technology.
  • the virtual world is placed on the screen and interacted with the real world.
  • Physical information that is difficult to experience within a certain time and space is superimposed through computer and other science and technology to simulate and then apply virtual information to the real world and be perceived by the human senses to achieve a sensory experience beyond reality.
  • free-form surface display technology has been widely used in the field of AR head-mounted display devices.
  • the use of free-form surface lenses can improve the limited field of view of the display device to a certain extent and optimize the optical performance of the optical system of the display device.
  • the volume and quality of the free-form surface lens directly affect the overall volume and quality of the device. In order to ensure the wearing comfort of the device, its volume and quality should be as small as possible. In this way, the thickness of the free-form surface lens should not be too large.
  • the exit pupil area of the existing display devices using free-form surface lenses is relatively small, and the exit pupil area is adjusted according to the user’s interpupillary distance during design
  • the realization of the display device is difficult, so it is not conducive to adapt the display device to the wearing needs of user groups with different interpupillary distances; even for the same user, because the user's eyes will rotate during the use of the display device, the pupil position or interpupillary distance will also be With this change, it is difficult for the existing display device to ensure that the pupil of the user always falls within the exit pupil area.
  • the present application provides a head-mounted display device, which is used to adjust the position of the effective display area of the display module according to the position of the pupil of the user, and improve the convenience of adjustment.
  • the present application provides a head-mounted display device
  • the head-mounted display device includes a frame and two display modules
  • the two display modules are arranged on the frame, and the two display modules correspond to the user respectively
  • the two eyes are set so that when the user wears the wearable display device, the two display modules can project visual images to the two eyes of the user respectively.
  • the display module includes a display screen, a free-form surface lens, and an adjustment mechanism.
  • the display screen is slidably assembled on the frame in a first direction and can be used to output visual images.
  • the first direction is the freedom of the two display modules.
  • the arrangement direction of the curved lens includes at least a first optical surface, the first optical surface is set corresponding to the user's eyes, the free curved lens can be used to converge, reflect, and project the image light emitted by the display screen to the first optical surface Optical surface to form an effective display area on the first optical surface, and the effective display area is an area within the projection of the exit pupil area on the first optical surface, so that when the user wears the head-mounted display device, the user’s pupil In the exit pupil area, the projection projected to the effective display area can be clearly observed; the adjustment mechanism is connected with the display screen to drive the display screen to slide in the first direction, thereby adjusting the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface , So that the position of the effective display area can always match the position of the user's pupil.
  • the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the display screen, so that the user can always clearly observe
  • the projection of the effective display area the adjustment method is relatively simple and convenient.
  • the display module may further include a detection device, which may be used to detect the user's pupil position information;
  • the head-mounted display device may further include a processor, which may be connected to the detection device and the adjustment mechanism respectively Connection is used to obtain the position information of the user’s pupil, and according to the position information of the user’s pupil, determine the target position of the effective display area on the first optical surface, and then control the adjustment mechanism to adjust the position of the display screen according to the target position of the effective display area, Adjust the effective display area to its target position to ensure that a clear picture can be observed even after the user’s pupil position changes.
  • the processor may also be used to determine the displacement of the user’s pupil according to the position information of the user’s pupil.
  • the processor may also be used to determine the displacement of the user’s pupil according to the position information of the user’s pupil.
  • the above determination is performed to determine the effective display on the first optical surface. Step of the target position; and when the displacement value of the user's pupil is not greater than the set threshold, the control adjustment mechanism does not act.
  • the displacement of the user’s pupil is determined.
  • the specific determination method may be to compare the position information of the user’s pupil currently obtained with the position information of the user’s pupil obtained last time to determine the position of the user’s pupil.
  • the moving direction and moving distance, the moving direction and moving distance are the displacement of the user's pupil.
  • the processor can be specifically used to determine the target position of the display screen according to the target position of the effective display area on the first optical surface, and then control the adjustment mechanism to display Adjust the screen to its target position.
  • the processor may be used to obtain the mapping relationship between the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface and the position of the display screen, and then according to the mapping relationship and the target position of the effective display area To determine the target position of the display.
  • the detection device may be an eye tracker.
  • the number of eye trackers can be two.
  • the two eye trackers can be configured such that when the user wears a head-mounted display device, the two eye trackers are respectively Located at the front left and front right of the user's eyes.
  • the adjustment mechanism can adopt a variety of driving methods, such as electromagnetic driving or electric driving.
  • the adjustment mechanism is an electromagnetic drive mechanism, including electromagnetic elements and magnetic elements.
  • the electromagnetic elements are arranged on the frame and the magnetic elements are fixed on the display screen. When the electromagnetic elements receive currents in different directions, the electromagnetic elements The element can generate repulsive force or adsorption force on the magnetic element, and prompt the magnetic element to drive the display screen to move.
  • the adjustment mechanism is an electric drive mechanism, including a drive element and a lead screw, wherein the lead screw of the lead screw is in transmission connection with the drive element, and the screw nut of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the display screen, so that the The rotary motion output by the driving element is transformed into a linear motion that can drive the display screen to move.
  • the first optical surface may also be coated with a semi-reflective semi-transparent film, so that the first optical surface reflects the light emitted by the display screen into the eyes of the user, and at the same time also allows the ambient light to be combined. It is transmitted to the user's eyes, so that the virtual screen and the real environment can be merged together to achieve an augmented reality display effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-mounted display device according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the detection device according to the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the exit pupil area of the display module according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the law shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the law shown in FIG. 9;
  • 11 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the law shown in FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram of the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the rule shown in FIG. 13.
  • the head-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the present application may specifically be an AR (augmented reality) head-mounted display device.
  • AR is a technology that increases the user’s perception of the real world through information provided by a computer system, and applies virtual information to Real world, and superimpose computer-generated virtual objects and scenes onto the real scene, so as to realize the enhancement of reality.
  • the head-mounted display device usually includes a display module corresponding to the human eye. When the user is wearing the display device, the display module can be at least partially fixed in front of the user's eyes, so that the display module can project the visual image. Reflected in the eyes of the user.
  • the user’s pupil In order to enable the user to observe a clear and correct image, the user’s pupil needs to fall within the exit pupil area of the display module. For some display modules with a relatively small exit pupil area, when the user’s pupil distance changes, the user’s pupil needs to fall within the exit pupil area of the display module. The pupil may deviate from the exit pupil area, resulting in the inability to receive the correct image.
  • a solution in the prior art is to adjust the position of the exit pupil area by adjusting the position of the entire display module, so that the head-mounted display device can adapt to the wearing needs of user groups with different interpupillary distances. This solution will cause the structure of the head-mounted display device to be more complicated, and the implementation difficulty and cost are relatively high. Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a head-mounted display device. It will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a head-mounted display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the present application may include a frame 10 and a display module 20.
  • the frame 10 may be a wearable head-mounted frame, such as a helmet, spectacle frame, or headband.
  • the display module 20 is set on the frame.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a display module 20 according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the display module 20 can include a display screen 21 and a free-form surface lens 22.
  • the display screen 21 can be used to receive a display signal from the outside and output the display signal from its light-emitting surface in the form of a visual image.
  • the visual image can be It is a static picture that includes content such as photos, pictures, or static images, and may also be a dynamic picture that includes content such as videos or changing images.
  • the display screen 21 may specifically be a small-sized micro display screen, which helps to control the overall size of the head-mounted display device and improve the wearing comfort of the head-mounted display device.
  • the visual images displayed on the display screens 21 of the two display modules 20 may be the same or different.
  • the head-mounted display device can present a 2D display effect; when the images displayed by the two display screens 21 are slightly different, the head-mounted display device can present a 3D display effect.
  • the free-form surface lens 22 can be specifically used to reflect the projection of the visual image of the display screen 21 to the eyes of the user.
  • the free-form surface lens 22 may include at least a first optical surface 23 set corresponding to the user's eyes.
  • the free-form surface lens 22 may converge and reflect the image light emitted by the display screen 21, and finally project to the first optical surface.
  • the surface 23 forms an effective display area 24 on the first optical surface 23.
  • the effective display area 24 is the area that overlaps with the projection of the exit pupil area on the first optical surface 23, or is the area where the exit pupil area is on the first optical surface 23. In this way, when the user wears the head-mounted display device, the user's pupil is in the exit pupil area, and the projection projected to the effective display area 24 can be clearly observed.
  • the first optical surface 23 may also be coated with a semi-reflective and semi-transparent film. In this way, the first optical surface 23 reflects the light emitted by the display screen into the eyes of the user, while also transmitting the ambient light to the user's eyes. In the eyes of the user, the virtual screen and the real environment can be combined to achieve an augmented reality display effect.
  • the free-form surface lens 22 may also include a second optical surface 25 corresponding to the light-emitting surface of the display screen 21, and at least one intermediate reflective optical surface (not shown in the figure), wherein the second optical surface 25 may be used for Receives the image light emitted by the display screen 21, and magnifies the projection of the image light on the second optical surface 25, and then reflects the magnified projection light to the intermediate reflective optical surface, and is reflected by one or more intermediate reflective optical surfaces After that, it is finally projected onto the first optical surface 23.
  • the second optical surface 25 may be used for Receives the image light emitted by the display screen 21, and magnifies the projection of the image light on the second optical surface 25, and then reflects the magnified projection light to the intermediate reflective optical surface, and is reflected by one or more intermediate reflective optical surfaces After that, it is finally projected onto the first optical surface 23.
  • the position of the effective display area 24 formed on the first optical surface 23 can be adjusted according to the position of the user’s pupil. In this way, the user can always clearly observe the projection in the effective display area 24.
  • the position of the effective display area 24 can be specifically determined by the position of the display screen 21 and the structure of the free-form surface lens 22. After the structure of the free-form surface lens 22 is determined in the design stage, the effective display area can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the display screen 21. Position adjustment.
  • the display screen 21 is slidably assembled to the frame along a first direction (ie, the x direction).
  • the first direction is specifically the arrangement direction of the free-form surface lenses 22 of the two display modules 20, or it can be understood as when the user After wearing the head-mounted display device, the direction parallel to the line of the user's two eyes.
  • a guide rail extending in the first direction may be provided on the frame, so that the display screen 21 can be slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the stability of the display screen 21 when moving is improved.
  • the effective display area 24 will also be translated on the first optical surface 23. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the display screen 21, the position of the effective display area 24 can always match the user’s pupil.
  • Position, the matching here means that the effective display area 24 can fall within the projection of the exit pupil area on the first optical surface 23.
  • the display module may further include an adjustment mechanism.
  • the adjustment mechanism 26 is connected to the display screen 21 for driving the display screen 21 to slide in the first direction, so that the adjustment is effective.
  • the adjustment mechanism can adopt a variety of driving methods, such as electromagnetic driving or electric driving.
  • electromagnetic driving electromagnetic elements, such as electromagnets, can be arranged on the frame, and magnetic elements, such as magnets, can be arranged on the display screen. Passing currents in different directions to the electromagnetic element can cause the electromagnetic element to generate repulsive force or adsorption force on the magnetic element, and prompt the magnetic element to drive the display screen to move;
  • the adjustment mechanism may specifically include a driving element and a transmission component, Among them, the transmission component is used to transmit the driving force of the driving element to the display screen to drive the display screen to move.
  • the transmission component may specifically be a screw.
  • the screw includes a screw 261 and a nut 262 assembled on the screw 261.
  • the screw 261 is connected to the output end of the driving element, and the nut 262 is fixedly connected to the display screen 21. In this way, the rotary motion output by the driving element can be converted into a linear motion capable of driving the display screen 21 to move.
  • the transmission component may also include gears and racks that cooperate with each other, wherein the gears are connected to the output end of the driving element, and the rack is fixedly connected to the display screen.
  • the driving element can also be connected The output rotary motion is transformed into a linear motion that can drive the display screen to move.
  • the display module may further include a detection device 27 for detecting the position information of the user’s pupil.
  • the detection device 27 may specifically be an eye tracker.
  • the number of meters can be two.
  • the two eye trackers can be located in the front left and front right of the eyes respectively to track the position of the user's pupils more accurately.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-mounted display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the head-mounted display device also includes a processor 30, which can be respectively connected to the detection device 27 and the adjustment mechanism 26, and is used to obtain the position information of the user's pupil, and determine the first optical system according to the position information of the user's pupil.
  • the target position of the effective display area 24 on the surface 23, and then according to the target position of the effective display area 24, the adjustment mechanism 26 is controlled to adjust the position of the display screen 21.
  • the projection of the pupil area on the first optical surface 23 can be determined based on the position information of the user’s pupil. This projection is the target position of the effective display area 24, and then according to the determined effective display area 24
  • the target position adjusts the position of the display screen 21 to adjust the effective display area 24 to the target position.
  • the effective display area 24 or the target position of the effective display area 24 should always be within the area of the first optical surface 23, that is, in the embodiment of the present application ,
  • the adjustable area of the effective display area 24 is within the area of the first optical surface.
  • the processor can obtain the position information of the user’s pupil in real time, and make adjustments to the position of the effective display area in time; or, it can also determine the time interval t for obtaining the information according to the movement frequency of the human eye, and then every time Obtain the position information of the user’s pupil at intervals of t; or, alternatively, set a corresponding control button on the head-mounted display device and connect the control button with the processor.
  • an instruction can be issued to the processor so that the processor can obtain the position information of the user's pupil.
  • the processor may also be used to determine the displacement of the user’s pupil according to the position information of the user’s pupil.
  • the specific determination method may be to compare the position information acquired this time with the position information acquired last time.
  • the movement direction and movement distance of the user's pupil can be determined, and the movement direction and movement distance are the displacement information of the user's pupil.
  • the magnitude of the displacement value is determined.
  • the step of determining the target position of the effective display area on the first optical surface is performed; and when the displacement value is not greater than When the threshold is set, the control and adjustment mechanism does not operate.
  • the size of the exit pupil area 40 at one end of the human fundus rectangular area 41 is approximately 8mm*8mm, and the diameter of the human pupil is approximately 4mm.
  • the moved pupil may still be in the exit pupil area 40 before the movement. At this time, there is no need to adjust the position of the effective display area, and the user can still clearly observe the effective display area. Projection; and when the displacement of the user’s pupil is relatively large, the moved pupil may deviate from the exit pupil area 40 before movement. At this time, it is necessary to determine the target position of the effective display area according to the moved pupil position information, which is effective Adjust the position of the display area.
  • the set threshold can take a value between 1 and 2 mm, for example, 1.2 mm. , 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, etc.
  • the processor may be specifically used to determine the target position of the display screen according to the target position of the effective display area on the first optical surface, Then control the adjustment mechanism to adjust the display screen to the target position of the display screen.
  • the processor may be used to obtain the mapping relationship between the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface and the position of the display screen, and then according to the mapping relationship and the target position of the effective display area To determine the target position of the display.
  • the mapping relationship between the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface and the position of the display screen may be a functional relationship pre-stored in the processor or a database-based mapping relationship, and the mapping relationship can be accurate and fast. Groundly determine the position of the display screen corresponding to the target position of the effective display area.
  • the mapping relationship can be determined based on experimental data, or calculated based on the structure of the free-form surface lens and the propagation path of the light rays in the free-form surface lens, and will not be repeated here.
  • the two display modules are referred to as the first display module and the second display module.
  • the first display module corresponds to the user's left eye setting
  • the second display module corresponds to the user's right eye setting. .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • Figure 8 is the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the pattern shown in Figure 7 Figure.
  • the interpupillary distance of the user is smaller than the applicable interpupillary distance of the head-mounted display device in the initial state. Therefore, the effective display area 24 of the first display module 221 needs to move to the right, and the second display module 222 The effective display area 24 needs to be moved to the left.
  • the processor can determine the target position of the effective display area 24 of the first display module 221 according to the position information of the left pupil of the user, and then determine the target position of the display screen 21 of the first display module 221, and control the first display module 221.
  • the adjustment mechanism of a display module 221 drives its display screen 21 to move to the right to the target position; and the processor determines the target position of the effective display area 24 of the second display module 222 according to the position information of the user’s right pupil, Furthermore, the target position of the display screen 21 of the second display module 222 is determined, and the adjustment mechanism of the second display module 222 is controlled to drive the display screen 21 to move to the left side to the target position.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • Figure 10 is the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the pattern shown in Figure 9 Figure.
  • the interpupillary distance of the user is greater than the applicable interpupillary distance of the head-mounted display device in the initial state. Therefore, the effective display area 24 of the first display module 221 needs to move to the left, and the second display module 222 The effective display area 24 needs to be moved to the right.
  • the processor may determine the target position 28 of the effective display area of the first display module 221 according to the position information of the left pupil of the user, and then determine the target position of the display screen 21 of the first display module 221, and control the first display module 221.
  • the adjustment mechanism of a display module 221 drives its display screen 21 to move to the left to the target position; and the processor determines the target position of the effective display area 24 of the second display module 222 according to the position information of the user’s right pupil, Furthermore, the target position of the display screen 21 of the second display module 222 is determined, and the adjustment mechanism of the second display module 222 is controlled to drive the display screen 21 to move to the target position to the right.
  • the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 Similar, not repeat them here.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user’s pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • Figure 12 is the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user’s pupil changes according to the pattern shown in Figure 11 Figure.
  • the user's eyes will rotate according to the changes in the display content of the display screen.
  • the pupils on both sides move to the left at the same time. Therefore, the first The effective display area 24 of the display module 221 needs to move to the left, and the effective display area 24 of the second display module 222 also needs to move to the left.
  • the effective display area 24 of the two display modules can be moved to the left at the same time through adjustment, so that the head-mounted display device can adapt to the user's needs when both eyes are coaxially moved to the left.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the position change of the user's pupil and the change of the effective display area
  • Figure 14 is the adjustment principle of the head-mounted display device when the position of the user's pupil changes according to the pattern shown in Figure 13 Figure.
  • the effective display of the first display module 221 The area 24 needs to move to the right, and the effective display area 24 of the second display module 222 also needs to move to the right.
  • the effective display areas 24 of the two display modules can be moved to the right at the same time, so that the head-mounted display device can adapt to the user's needs when both eyes are coaxially moved to the right.
  • the head-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the present application is not only suitable for the use needs of user groups with different interpupillary distances, but for the same user, it can also perform real-time monitoring of the positions of the pupils on both sides of the user during the use of the user. Dynamic detection to adapt to the convergent changes of the user's eyes and the use requirements when the eyes are rotating coaxially, so that the user can always observe a clear picture during the entire use process.
  • the position of the effective display area on the first optical surface can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the display screen, so that the user can always be clear
  • the projection of the effective display area is observed from the ground, and the adjustment method is relatively simple and convenient.

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Abstract

一种头戴式显示设备，包括框架（10）以及设置于框架（10）的两个显示模组（20）。两个显示模组（20）分别对应用户的两只眼睛设置，每个显示模组（20）包括显示屏（21）、自由曲面镜片（22）和调节机构（26）。显示屏（21）沿第一方向（X）滑动装配于框架（10）。自由曲面镜片（22）至少包括对应用户眼睛设置的第一光学表面（23），自由曲面镜片（22）用于将显示屏（21）发出的光线导引并投射至第一光学表面（23），以在第一光学表面（23）形成有效显示区（24）。调节机构（26）与显示屏（21）连接，用于驱动显示屏（21）滑动，以调节有效显示区（24）在第一光学表面（23）的位置。第一方向（X）为两个显示模组（20）的自由曲面镜片（22）的排布方向。由此可以根据用户瞳孔的位置调节显示模组（20）的有效显示区（24）的位置，并提高调节便利性。

Description

一种头戴式显示设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年10月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911063134.7、申请名称为“一种头戴式显示设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及增强现实技术领域，尤其涉及到一种头戴式显示设备。
背景技术
增强现实(augmented reality)，简称AR，是一种实时地计算摄影机摄像的位置及角度并加上相应的图像技术，在屏幕上把虚拟世界套在现实世界并进行互动，把原本在现实世界的一定时间空间范围内很难体验到的实体信息，通过电脑等科学技术，模拟仿真后再叠加，将虚拟的信息应用到真实世界，被人类感官所感知，从而达到超越现实的感官体验。
目前，自由曲面显示技术在AR头戴显示设备领域已有了较多的应用，利用自由曲面镜片可在一定程度改善显示设备的视场受限制问题，以及优化显示设备光学系统的光学性能。自由曲面镜片的体积及质量直接影响着设备的整体体积及质量，为了保证设备的佩戴舒适性，其体积及质量应尽量相对较小，这样就要求自由曲面镜片的厚度不能过大。由于出瞳区域的大小与自由曲面镜片的厚度的正相关特性，现有的应用自由曲面镜片的显示设备的出瞳区域都相对较小，并且在设计时，根据用户的瞳距调节出瞳区域的实现难度较大，因此不利于使显示设备适应瞳距不同的用户群体的佩戴需求；即使针对同一用户，由于用户在使用显示设备的过程中眼睛会发生转动，因此瞳孔位置或瞳距也会发生变化，现有的显示设备难以保证用户的瞳孔始终落在出瞳区域内。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种头戴式显示设备，用以实现根据用户瞳孔的位置调节显示模组的有效显示区的位置，并提高调节便利性。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种头戴式显示设备，该头戴式显示设备包括框架以及两个显示模组，两个显示模组设置于框架上，且两个显示模组分别对应用户的两只眼睛设置，以使得当用户佩戴该可穿戴显示设备时，两个显示模组能够将视觉画面分别投射至用户的两只眼睛。具体设置时，显示模组包括显示屏、自由曲面镜片和调节机构，其中，显示屏沿第一方向滑动装配在框架上，可用于输出视觉画面，该第一方向为两个显示模组的自由曲面镜片的排布方向；自由曲面镜片至少包括第一光学表面，该第一光学表面对应用户的眼睛设置，自由曲面镜片可用于对显示屏发出的图像光线进行汇聚、反射，并投射至第一光学表面，以在第一光学表面形成有效显示区，该有效显示区即为出瞳区域在第一光学表面的投影内的一个区域，这样，当用户佩戴头戴式显示设备时，用户的瞳孔在出瞳区域内，即可清晰地观测到投射至有效显示区的投影；调节机构与显示屏连接，用于驱动显示屏沿 第一方向滑动，从而调节有效显示区在第一光学表面的位置，进而使有效显示区的位置能够始终匹配用户瞳孔的位置。
使用本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备，当用户瞳孔的位置发生变化时，通过调整显示屏的位置即可以调整第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置，使用户能够始终清晰地观测到有效显示区的投影，调节方式较为简单便利。
在一个具体的实施方案中，显示模组还可包括检测装置，该检测装置可用于检测用户的瞳孔位置信息；头戴式显示设备还可包括处理器，处理器可分别与检测装置和调节机构连接，用于获取用户瞳孔的位置信息，并根据用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置，然后根据有效显示区的目标位置，控制调节机构调整显示屏的位置，以将有效显示区调整至其目标位置，以保证即使用户瞳孔位置变化后也能观测到清晰的画面。
在一个具体的实施方案中，处理器还可用于根据用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定用户瞳孔的位移，当用户瞳孔的位移值大于设定阈值时，则执行上述确定第一光学表面上有效显示的目标位置的步骤；而当用户瞳孔的位移值不大于设定阈值时，则控制调节机构不动作。
具体地，根据用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定用户瞳孔的位移，具体确定方法可以为，将当前获取的用户瞳孔的位置信息与上次获取的用户瞳孔的位置信息进行比对，以确定用户瞳孔的移动方向以及移动距离，该移动方向以及移动距离即为用户瞳孔的位移。
为了将第一光学表面上有效显示区精确地调整至其目标位置，处理器具体可用于，根据第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置，确定显示屏的目标位置，然后控制调节机构将显示屏调整至其目标位置。
具体地，在确定显示屏的目标位置时，处理器可用于获取第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置与显示屏的位置之间的映射关系，然后根据该映射关系以及有效显示区的目标位置来确定显示屏的目标位置。
在一个具体的实施方案中，检测装置可以为眼球追踪仪。具体设置时，为了更加精确地追踪用户瞳孔的位置，眼球追踪仪的数量可以为两个，该两个眼球追踪仪可配置为，当用户佩戴头戴式显示设备时，两个眼球追踪仪分别位于用户眼睛的左前方和右前方。
调节机构可以采用多种驱动方式，例如电磁驱动或者电气驱动等。
在一个具体的实施方案中，调节机构为电磁驱动机构，包括电磁元件和磁性元件，其中，电磁元件设置于框架上，磁性元件固定在显示屏上，当电磁元件接收不同方向的电流时，电磁元件可对磁性元件产生排斥力或者吸附力，促使磁性元件带动显示屏移动。
在另一个具体的实施方案中，调节机构为电气驱动机构，包括驱动元件和丝杠，其中，丝杠的丝杆与驱动元件传动连接，丝杠的丝母与显示屏固定连接，从而可以将驱动元件输出的旋转运动转化为能够驱动显示屏移动的直线运动。
在一个具体的实施方案中，第一光学表面上还可镀有半反半透膜，这样，第一光学表面在将显示屏发出的光线反射入用户眼中的同时，还可使外界环境光一并透射至用户眼中，从而可以将虚拟画面以及真实环境融合在一起，实现增强现实显示效果。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例头戴式显示设备的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例显示模组的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例调节机构的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例检测装置的设置位置示意图；
图5为本申请另一实施例显示模组的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例显示模组的出瞳区域的示意图；
图7为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图；
图8为用户瞳孔的位置以图7所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图；
图9为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图；
图10为用户瞳孔的位置以图9所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图；
图11为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图；
图12为用户瞳孔的位置以图11所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图；
图13为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图；
图14为用户瞳孔的位置以图13所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
为了方便理解本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备，下面首先说明一下其应用场景。本申请实施例提供的头戴显示设备具体可以为AR(augmented reality，增强现实)头戴式显示设备，AR是通过计算机系统提供的信息增加用户对现实世界感知的技术，将虚拟的信息应用到真实世界，并将计算机生成的虚拟物体、场景叠加到真实场景中，从而实现对现实的增强。头戴式显示设备通常包括对应人眼设置的显示模组，当用户在佩戴该显示设备时，显示模组可至少部分地固定在用户眼睛的前方，以使显示模组能够将视觉画面的投影反射至用户的眼中。为了使用户能够观测到清晰、正确的图像，用户的瞳孔需落在显示模组的出瞳区域内，对于一些出瞳区域相对较小的显示模组，当用户的瞳距发生变化时，用户的瞳孔就可能会偏离出瞳区域而导致无法接收正确的图像。为了解决这一问题，现有技术的一种方案是通过调节整个显示模组的位置来调整出瞳区域的位置，以使头戴显示设备能够适应具有不同瞳距的用户群体的佩戴需求，但是这种方案会导致头戴显示设备的结构较为复杂，并且实现难度以及成本都相对较高，基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种头戴式显示设备。下面结合附图以及具体的实施例对其进行详细的描述。
参考图1所示，图1示出了本申请实施例头戴式显示设备的结构示意图。本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备可包括框架10以及显示模组20，其中，框架10具体可以为可穿戴的头戴式框架，例如头盔、眼镜架或者头箍等结构，本申请对此不做限制；显示模组20设置于框架上，具体设置时，显示模组20为两个，且两个显示模组20分别对应用户的两只眼睛设置，以使得当用户佩戴该可穿戴显示设备时，两个显示模组20能够将视觉画面的投影分别反射至用户的两只眼睛。
请参考图2所示，图2为本申请实施例显示模组20的局部结构示意图。显示模组20可包括显示屏21和自由曲面镜片22，其中，显示屏21可用于从外界接收显示信号，并将该显示信号以视觉画面的形式从其出光面输出，具体地，视觉画面可以为包括照片、图片或者静态图像等内容的静态画面，也可以为包括视频或者变化的图像等内容的动态画面。在本申请实施例中，显示屏21具体可以为体积较小的微显示屏，这样有助于控制头戴式 显示设备的整体尺寸，提高头戴式显示设备的佩戴舒适性。
需要说明的是，两个显示模组20的显示屏21所显示的视觉画面可以相同也可以不同，当两个显示屏21所显示的视觉画面完全相同或者完全不同，或者仅其中一个显示屏21显示视觉画面时，该头戴式显示设备可呈现2D显示效果；当两个显示屏21所显示的画面有稍微差别时，该头戴式显示设备可呈现3D显示效果。
在本申请实施例中，自由曲面镜片22具体可用于将显示屏21的视觉画面的投影反射至用户的眼睛。具体设置时，该自由曲面镜片22可至少包括对应用户的眼睛设置的第一光学表面23，自由曲面镜片22可对显示屏21发出的图像光线进行汇聚、反射，并最终投射至该第一光学表面23，在第一光学表面23形成有效显示区24，该有效显示区24即为与出瞳区域在第一光学表面23的投影重合的区域，或者为在出瞳区域在第一光学表面23的投影内的一个区域，这样，当用户佩戴头戴式显示设备时，用户的瞳孔在出瞳区域内，即可清晰地观测到投射至有效显示区24的投影。
上述实施例中，第一光学表面23还可镀有半反半透膜，这样，第一光学表面23在将显示屏发出的光线反射入用户眼中的同时，还可使外界环境光一并透射至用户眼中，从而可以将虚拟画面以及真实环境融合在一起，实现增强现实显示效果。
可以理解的，自由曲面镜片22还可包括对应显示屏21的出光面设置的第二光学表面25，以及至少一个中间反射光学表面(图中未示出)，其中，第二光学表面25可用于接收显示屏21发出的图像光线，并将图像光线在第二光学表面25形成的投影进行放大，然后将放大后的投影光线反射至中间反射光学表面，经过一个或多个中间反射光学表面的反射后，最后投射至第一光学表面23。
为了使头戴式显示设备能够适应具有不同瞳距的用户群体的使用需求，在本申请实施例中，形成于第一光学表面23的有效显示区24的位置可以根据用户瞳孔的位置进行调节，以使用户能够始终清晰地观测到有效显示区24内的投影。有效显示区24的位置具体可由显示屏21的位置以及自由曲面镜片22的结构决定，当自由曲面镜片22的结构在设计阶段确定之后，通过调节显示屏21的位置即可实现对有效显示区的位置的调节。
具体设置时，显示屏21沿第一方向(即x方向)滑动装配于框架，该第一方向具体为两个显示模组20的自由曲面镜片22的排布方向，或者可以理解为，当用户佩戴该头戴式显示设备后，与用户的两只眼睛的连线平行的方向。相应地，框架上可设置有沿第一方向延伸的导轨，以使显示屏21能够滑动装配于导轨上，提高显示屏21移动时的稳定性。当显示屏21沿第一方向滑动时，有效显示区24也会在第一光学表面23发生平移，因此，通过调节显示屏21的位置，可以使有效显示区24的位置能够始终匹配用户瞳孔的位置，这里的匹配是指，有效显示区24能够落在出瞳区域在第一光学表面23的投影内。
请一并参考图3所示，在本申请实施例中，显示模组还可包括调节机构，该调节机构26与显示屏21连接，用于驱动显示屏21沿第一方向滑动，从而调节有效显示区24在第一光学表面的位置。
调节机构可以采用多种驱动方式，例如电磁驱动或者电气驱动等，当采用电磁驱动时，可以在框架上设置电磁元件，例如电磁铁，并在显示屏上设置磁性元件，例如磁石，这样，通过对电磁元件通入不同方向的电流，即可使电磁元件对磁性元件产生排斥力或者吸附力，促使磁性元件带动显示屏移动；当采用电气驱动时，调节机构具体可包括驱动元件和传动部件，其中，传动部件用于将驱动元件的驱动力传递至显示屏，以驱动显示屏移动。
上述实施例中，传动部件具体可以为丝杠，丝杠包括丝杆261以及装配于丝杆261的螺母262，其中，丝杆261与驱动元件的输出端连接，螺母262与显示屏21固定连接，这样就可以将驱动元件输出的旋转运动转化为能够驱动显示屏21移动的直线运动。
在本申请的其它实施例中，传动部件还可以包括相互配合的齿轮和齿条，其中，齿轮与驱动元件的输出端连接，齿条与显示屏固定连接，采用该方案，同样可以将驱动元件输出的旋转运动转化为能够驱动显示屏移动的直线运动。
参考图4所示，在本申请实施例中，显示模组还可以包括用于检测用户瞳孔的位置信息的检测装置27，该检测装置27具体可以为眼球追踪仪，具体设置时，该眼球追踪仪的数量可以为两个，当用户佩戴头戴式显示设备时，两个眼球追踪仪可分别位于眼睛左前方和右前方，以更精确地追踪用户瞳孔的位置。
参考图5所示，图5为本申请实施例头戴式显示设备的结构示意图。头戴式显示设备还包括处理器30，该处理器30可分别与上述检测装置27和调节机构26连接，用于获取用户瞳孔的位置信息，并根据该用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定第一光学表面23上有效显示区24的目标位置，然后根据有效显示区24的目标位置，控制调节机构26调整显示屏21的位置。在该实施例方案中，通过用户瞳孔的位置信息，可以确定出瞳区域在第一光学表面23的投影，该投影即为有效显示区24的目标位置，之后根据所确定的有效显示区24的目标位置调整显示屏21的位置，以将有效显示区24调整至目标位置。
应当说明的是，为了保证用户能够观测到完整的投影画面，有效显示区24或者有效显示区24的目标位置应始终在第一光学表面23的区域内，也就是说，在本申请实施例中，有效显示区24的可调节区域在第一光学表面的区域之内。
在上述实施例方案中，处理器可以实时获取用户瞳孔的位置信息，以及时对有效显示区的位置做出调整；或者，也可以根据人眼的运动频率确定获取信息的时间间隔t，然后每隔时间t获取一次用户瞳孔的位置信息；再或者，还可以在头戴式显示设备上设置相应的控制按钮，并将该控制按钮与处理器进行连接，当用户初始佩戴该头戴式显示设备时，或者用户的眼睛每次转动之后，通过按下上述控制按钮可向处理器发出指令，使处理器获取用户瞳孔的位置信息。
在本申请实施例中，处理器还可用于根据用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定用户瞳孔的位移，具体确定方法可以为，将本次获取的位置信息与上次获取的位置信息进行比对，从而可以确定出用户瞳孔的移动方向以及移动距离，该移动方向以及移动距离即为用户瞳孔的位移信息。在确定用户瞳孔的位移之后，判断该位移值的大小，当该位移值大于设定阈值时，则执行上述确定第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置的步骤；而当该位移值不大于设定阈值时，则控制调节机构不动作。
通常的，参考图6所示，对于应用自由曲面镜片的头戴式显示设备，出瞳区域40在人眼底的一端矩形区域41的尺寸大概在8mm*8mm，而人的瞳孔直径大概在4mm，当用户瞳孔的位移相对较小时，移动后的瞳孔仍可能会在移动前的出瞳区域40内，那么此时则无需调整有效显示区的位置，用户仍然能够清晰地观测到有效显示区内的投影；而当用户瞳孔的位移相对较大时，移动后的瞳孔就可能会偏离移动前的出瞳区域40，此时则需要根据移动后的瞳孔位置信息确定有效显示区的目标位置，对有效显示区的位置进行调整。
上述设定阈值的具体值可根据头戴式显示设备的相关参数确定，本申请对此不作限制，在可选的实施例中，设定阈值可以在1～2mm之间取值，例如1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm、1.5mm、 1.6mm、1.7mm、1.8mm等等。
为了将第一光学表面上有效显示区精确地调整至其目标位置，在本申请实施例中，处理器具体可用于：根据第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置确定显示屏的目标位置，然后控制调节机构将显示屏调整至显示屏的目标位置。具体地，在确定显示屏的目标位置时，处理器可用于获取第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置与显示屏的位置之间的映射关系，然后根据该映射关系以及有效显示区的目标位置来确定显示屏的目标位置。
其中，第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置与显示屏的位置之间的映射关系，可以为预先存储于处理器内的函数关系或者基于数据库的映射关系，根据该映射关系即可准确且快速地确定与有效显示区的目标位置对应的显示屏的位置。该映射关系可以根据试验数据确定，也可以根据自由曲面镜片的结构以及光线在自由曲面镜片内的传播路径计算得到，此处不进行赘述。
下面具体介绍本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备在几种不同的场景中的工作过程。为了方便描述，把两个显示模组分别称为第一显示模组和第二显示模组，其中，第一显示模组对应用户的左眼设置，第二显示模组对应用户的右眼设置。
参考图7和图8所示，图7为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图，图8为用户瞳孔的位置以图7所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图。在该实施例中，用户的瞳距小于头戴式显示设备在初始状态下的适用瞳距，因此，第一显示模组221的有效显示区24需向右侧移动，第二显示模组222的有效显示区24则需向左侧移动。具体实施时，处理器可根据用户左侧瞳孔的位置信息，确定第一显示模组221的有效显示区24的目标位置，进而确定第一显示模组221的显示屏21的目标位置，控制第一显示模组221的调节机构驱动其显示屏21向右侧移动至目标位置；以及，处理器根据用户右侧瞳孔的位置信息，确定第二显示模组222的有效显示区24的目标位置，进而确定第二显示模组222的显示屏21的目标位置，控制第二显示模组222的调节机构驱动其显示屏21向左侧移动至目标位置。通过以上调节过程，可使两个显示模组的有效显示区24之间的距离缩小，使头戴式显示设备能够适应当前用户的使用需求。
可以理解的，在用户使用该头戴式显示设备的过程中，根据显示屏的显示内容的变化，用户的辐辏会发生变化，当用户的辐辏变小时，瞳距也会变小，此时头戴式显示设备的调节原理与图7所示的实施例类似，此处不再赘述。
参考图9和图10所示，图9为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图，图10为用户瞳孔的位置以图9所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图。在该实施例中，用户的瞳距大于头戴式显示设备在初始状态下的适用瞳距，因此，第一显示模组221的有效显示区24需向左侧移动，第二显示模组222的有效显示区24则需向右侧移动。具体实施时，处理器可根据用户左侧瞳孔的位置信息，确定第一显示模组221的有效显示区的目标位置28，进而确定第一显示模组221的显示屏21的目标位置，控制第一显示模组221的调节机构驱动其显示屏21向左侧移动至目标位置；以及，处理器根据用户右侧瞳孔的位置信息，确定第二显示模组222的有效显示区24的目标位置，进而确定第二显示模组222的显示屏21的目标位置，控制第二显示模组222的调节机构驱动其显示屏21向右侧移动至目标位置。通过以上调节过程，可使两个显示模组的有效显示区24之间的距离增大，使头戴式显示设备能够适应当前用户的使用需求。
可以理解的，在用户使用该头戴式显示设备的过程中，当用户的辐辏变大时，瞳距也 会变大，此时头戴式显示设备的调节原理与图8所示的实施例类似，此处不再赘述。
参考图11和图12所示，图11为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图，图12为用户瞳孔的位置以图11所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图。在用户使用该头戴式显示设备的过程中，根据显示屏的显示内容的变化，用户的眼睛会发生转动，当用户的眼睛向左侧转动时，两侧瞳孔同时左移，因此，第一显示模组221的有效显示区24需向左侧移动，第二显示模组222的有效显示区24也需向左侧移动。具体的调节过程可参考上述实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。通过调节可使两个显示模组的有效显示区24一并左移，使头戴式显示设备能够适应用户双眼同轴左移时的使用需求。
参考图13和图14所示，图13为用户瞳孔的位置变化与有效显示区的变化关系示意图，图14为用户瞳孔的位置以图13所示的规律变化时头戴式显示设备的调节原理图。在用户使用该头戴式显示设备的过程中，根据显示屏的显示内容的变化，当用户的眼睛向右侧转动时，两侧瞳孔同时右移，因此，第一显示模组221的有效显示区24需向右侧移动，第二显示模组222的有效显示区24也需向右侧移动。具体的调节过程可参考上述实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。通过调节可使两个显示模组的有效显示区24一并右移，使头戴式显示设备能够适应用户双眼同轴右移时的使用需求。
可见，本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备不仅能够适用于具有不同瞳距的用户群体的使用需求，对于同一用户，也可在该用户的使用过程中对用户的两侧瞳孔位置进行实时动态检测，以适应用户眼睛的辐辏变化以及双眼同轴转动时的使用需求，使用户在整个使用过程中能够始终观测到清晰的画面。
综上，使用本申请实施例提供的头戴式显示设备，当用户瞳孔的位置发生变化时，通过调整显示屏的位置即可以调整第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置，使用户能够始终清晰地观测到有效显示区的投影，调节方式较为简单便利。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，包括框架以及设置于所述框架的两个显示模组，两个所述显示模组分别对应用户的两只眼睛设置，每个所述显示模组包括显示屏、自由曲面镜片和调节机构，其中：
    所述显示屏沿第一方向滑动装配于所述框架；
    所述自由曲面镜片至少包括对应用户眼睛设置的第一光学表面，所述自由曲面镜片用于将所述显示屏发出的光线导引并投射至所述第一光学表面，以在所述第一光学表面形成有效显示区；
    所述调节机构与所述显示屏连接，用于驱动所述显示屏滑动，以调节所述有效显示区在所述第一光学表面的位置；
    其中，所述第一方向为两个所述显示模组的自由曲面镜片的排布方向。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述显示模组还包括检测装置，所述检测装置用于检测用户瞳孔的位置信息；
    所述头戴式显示设备还包括处理器，所述处理器分别与所述检测装置和所述调节机构连接，用于获取所述用户瞳孔的位置信息；根据所述用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置；根据所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置，控制所述调节机构调整所述显示屏的位置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述用户瞳孔的位置信息，确定用户瞳孔的位移；
    当用户瞳孔的位移大于设定阈值时，执行确定所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置的步骤。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    当用户瞳孔的位移不大于设定阈值时，控制所述调节机构不动作。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    根据所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置，确定所述显示屏的目标位置，控制所述调节机构将所述显示屏调整至所述显示屏的目标位置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    获取所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的位置与所述显示屏的位置之间的映射关系；
    根据所述映射关系以及所述第一光学表面上有效显示区的目标位置，确定所述显示屏的目标位置。
  7. 如权利要求2～6任一项所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述检测装置为眼球追踪仪。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，每个显示模组包括至少一个眼球追踪仪。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一项所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括驱动元件和丝杠，其中，所述丝杠的丝杆与所述驱动元件传动连接，所述丝杠的螺母与所述显示屏固定连接。
  10. 如权利要求1～9任一项所述的头戴式显示设备，其特征在于，所述第一光学表面镀有半反半透膜。
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