WO2021081972A1 - 一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置 - Google Patents

一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置 Download PDF

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WO2021081972A1
WO2021081972A1 PCT/CN2019/114959 CN2019114959W WO2021081972A1 WO 2021081972 A1 WO2021081972 A1 WO 2021081972A1 CN 2019114959 W CN2019114959 W CN 2019114959W WO 2021081972 A1 WO2021081972 A1 WO 2021081972A1
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probe
raman
fiber
fluorescence
detection device
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PCT/CN2019/114959
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈荣
林学亮
黄伟
陈冠楠
冯尚源
吴琼
林慧晶
黄祖芳
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福建师范大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/114959 priority Critical patent/WO2021081972A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/233—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the nose, i.e. nasoscopes, e.g. testing of patency of Eustachian tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/24—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/267—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/303—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons

Definitions

  • the invention specifically relates to an endoscopic Raman spectroscopy detection device for intracavitary tissue.
  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the malignant tumors that occur in the head and neck, mainly in Fujian province, Guangdong Province, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia and some countries in Asia. Because nasopharyngeal cancer has no obvious symptoms in the early stage and the nasopharynx is located deep in the head and neck, it is difficult to find early nasopharyngeal cancer. When nasopharyngeal carcinoma is diagnosed, more than 70% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients are already in the middle and advanced stages. The survival rate of early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma exceeds 90%, and the survival rate of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma is lower than 30.3%.
  • nasopharyngeal carcinoma has become the key to the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
  • Conventional diagnostic methods include: nasopharyngoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), tissue biopsy, etc., but these methods are expensive, time-consuming, have secondary damage and need to rely on The doctor’s clinical experience and other shortcomings, and it is difficult to achieve early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
  • Raman spectroscopy technology is a non-destructive optical detection technology. It obtains the Raman spectrum of the tissue through the interaction between light and tissue. Raman spectroscopy can provide very important biochemical information with diagnostic significance for human tissue diseases. Therefore, research on human tissue Raman spectroscopy is of great significance for early non-destructive cancer screening.
  • the traditional nasopharyngeal endoscopic Raman spectroscopy detection device uses a fiber endoscope, which has a large biopsy hole and is relatively easy to install an optical probe. Based on the biopsy channel, Raman spectroscopy can be used for detection, but the fiber endoscope is easily damaged. , And using Raman spectroscopy, the optical fiber probe must enter the human body cavity through the endoscopic biopsy channel, because it occupies the biopsy channel used to clamp the pathological test specimens, and at the same time, it is unable to extract the mucus in the cavity through the biopsy hole. Under white light, the field of view is blurred and abnormal tissues cannot be found.
  • the steering angle is dependent on the endoscope. Due to the limited bending angle of the endoscope, it cannot be operated flexibly, which will cause blind areas, easy to touch the mucosa in the cavity, and even break the mucosa and cause bleeding.
  • the measured signal is a blood signal.
  • the nasopharyngeal fiberscope has been replaced by the nasopharyngeal electronic endoscope with high observation clarity, and the nasopharyngeal electronic endoscope has smaller biopsy holes or no biopsy channel.
  • the present invention provides an endoscopic Raman spectroscopy detection device for intracavitary tissue.
  • a Raman spectroscopy detection device of intracavitary tissue includes a handheld probe, the handheld probe has a probe holder and an optical fiber probe;
  • the probe holder includes a handheld part and a hollow Probe catheter, the hand-held part is connected to one end of the probe catheter; both ends of the probe pipe are open structures, one end of the probe catheter corresponding to the hand-held part is the entrance end, and the other end is the detection end;
  • the optical fiber probe passes through the entrance end and is fixed in the probe catheter.
  • the probe catheter is provided with a fastening element corresponding to the inlet end, the optical fiber probe is slidably connected in the probe catheter, and the optical fiber probe is fixed to the probe catheter through the fastening element Inside.
  • a quartz glass column is provided at the detection end of the probe catheter, and the optical fiber probe is closely connected to the quartz glass column.
  • the front end of the quartz glass column is provided with a rounded corner.
  • the holding part includes a handle and a finger hole, and the finger hole is provided at the lower end of the handle.
  • the optical fiber probe includes a Raman excitation fiber, several Raman collection fibers, a fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber, and a fluorescence/reflection collection fiber; the several Raman collection fibers form a circle; The Raman excitation fiber, the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber, and the fluorescence/reflection collection fiber are arranged in an equilateral triangle and are all located in the circle.
  • the front end surface of the Raman excitation fiber is plated with a low-pass film that allows one wavelength of laser light to pass through, and the front end of the Raman collection fiber is provided with a front end that can cut off the excitation light and allow the Raman scattered light with a larger wavelength to pass through.
  • the high-pass filter is provided.
  • the Raman spectrometer also includes a Raman spectrometer, a Raman excitation light source, a white light source, a fluorescence excitation light source, a reflection/fluorescence spectrometer, and a detector;
  • the Raman spectrometer is connected to the output ends of several Raman collection fibers;
  • the Raman The output end of the excitation light source is connected to the Raman excitation fiber;
  • the white light source and the fluorescence excitation light source are connected to the input end of the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber through the first filter;
  • the reflection/fluorescence spectrometer is connected to the input end of the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber through the filter wheel
  • the output end of the fluorescence/reflection collection optical fiber is connected;
  • the Raman spectrometer and the reflection/fluorescence spectrometer are both connected to the detector.
  • the advantages of the present invention are that it does not rely on an endoscope, does not occupy a biopsy channel, and reserves a biopsy channel and a channel for extracting mucus in the cavity for the doctor, and is suitable for combination with a nasopharyngeal electronic microscope without a biopsy hole; the handheld probe can not only It can be used in conjunction with an empty endoscope with a biopsy hole, and it can also be used with an endoscope without a biopsy hole or a rigid nasopharyngoscope to detect nasopharyngeal tissues.
  • the invention can also be made into a rigid endoscope, using a steering lens to achieve multi-angle accuracy Measurement; Improve the signal-to-noise ratio and avoid probe contamination, and extend the service life of the probe; Raman spectroscopy can be realized, and the sensitivity and specificity of the detection can be improved.
  • the invention can also be applied to endoscopes with different types of functions, such as nasopharyngoscopes, dental mirrors, hysteroscopes, etc., so as to meet the observation needs of different parts of the human body cavity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscopic Raman spectroscopy detection device for intracavitary tissue according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the probe holder in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber probe in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the handheld probe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram of the state of use of an endoscopic Raman spectroscopy detection device for intracavitary tissue according to the present invention.
  • a Raman spectroscopy detection device 100 for intracavitary tissue endoscopy including a handheld probe 1, a Raman spectrometer 2, a Raman excitation light source 3, a white light source 4, a fluorescence excitation light source 5, and a reflection/fluorescence spectrometer 6 , A detector (not shown), an endoscope system 7; the handheld probe 1 has a probe holder 11 and an optical fiber probe 12.
  • the probe holder 11 includes a handle 111 and a hollow probe catheter 112, the handle 111 is connected to one end of the probe catheter 112; the handle 111 includes a handle 111a And a finger hole 111b, which is provided at the lower end of the handle 111a. Both ends of the probe guide tube 112 are open structures.
  • One end of the probe guide tube 112 corresponding to the handle 111 is the entrance end 1121, and the other end is the detection end 1122; the optical fiber probe 12 passes through the entrance end 1121, and is fixed in the probe catheter 112, and extends to the detection end 1122.
  • the probe guide tube 112 is provided with a tightening member 8 corresponding to the entrance end 1121, the optical fiber probe 12 is slidably connected in the probe guide tube 112, and the fiber optic probe 12 is fixed to the probe guide tube 112 by the tightening member 8.
  • a tightening member 8 corresponding to the entrance end 1121, the optical fiber probe 12 is slidably connected in the probe guide tube 112, and the fiber optic probe 12 is fixed to the probe guide tube 112 by the tightening member 8.
  • the fiber optic probe 12 can be steered by the tightening piece 8, and the length of the fiber optic probe 12 into the probe holder 11 channel can be adjusted to ensure that when the fiber optic probe 12 enters the human body cavity for detection, the end surface of the detection end 1122 does not touch the human body cavity
  • the internal mucosal tissue avoids medical risks such as bleeding and infection caused by damage to the mucosal tissue in the cavity;
  • the tightening member 8 can be a locking nut, and the optical fiber probe 12 and the probe holder 11 are fixed by the tightening member 8 , Can prevent the deviation of the measurement point caused by the tilt and movement of the optical fiber probe 12 during the measurement process, and improve the positioning accuracy of the optical fiber probe 12 to the lesion.
  • a quartz glass column 9 is provided at the detection end 1122 of the probe tube 112, and the optical fiber probe 12 abuts on the quartz glass column 9.
  • the front end of the quartz glass column is provided with a rounded corner; in this way, it is avoided that the quartz glass column is inserted into the tissue in the cavity when the detection end 1122 is detecting the human body cavity.
  • the front surface of the quartz glass column 9 is coated with an anti-reflective coating.
  • the quartz glass column 9 not only limits the distance between the optical fiber probe 12 and the tissue, but also obtains a stable tissue signal in the optical cavity.
  • the probe holder 11 and the quartz glass column 9 can avoid the optical fiber probe 12
  • the direct contact with the tissue protects the cleanliness of the front end of the optical fiber probe 12 and ensures the efficiency of signal collection.
  • the probe holder 11 can be directly replaced without cleaning the optical fiber probe 12 again, thereby extending the fiber probe 12 Service life and shorten the detection time.
  • the probe holder 11 is made of stainless steel or other materials with rigidity and biocompatibility, and can directly contact the tissues in the body cavity.
  • the optical fiber probe 12 includes a Raman excitation fiber 121, a plurality of Raman collection fibers 122, a fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber 123, and a fluorescence/reflection collection fiber 124;
  • the Raman collection fiber 122 encloses a circle O; the Raman excitation fiber 121, the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber 123, and the fluorescence/reflection collection fiber 124 are arranged in an equilateral triangle and are all located in the circle O.
  • the Raman excitation fiber 121, the Raman collection fiber 122, the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber 123, and the fluorescence/reflection collection fiber 124 are assembled into a bundled fiber in the middle, and a metal sleeve is used for fixing at the detection end 1122.
  • the three fibers in the middle have an equilateral triangle structure, which can make the collected multi-spectrum converge on the same detection point.
  • the Raman spectrometer 2 is connected to the output ends of several Raman collection fibers 122; the output end of the Raman excitation light source 3 is connected to the Raman excitation fiber 121; the white light source 4 and the fluorescence excitation light source 5 pass through the first
  • the filter 101 is connected to the input end of the fluorescence/reflection excitation fiber 123; the reflection/fluorescence spectrometer 6 is connected to the output end of the fluorescence/reflection collection fiber 124 via the filter wheel 102; the Raman spectrometer 2,
  • the reflection/fluorescence spectrometer 6 is connected to the detector.
  • the detector is connected to a display 103.
  • the optical fiber probe 12 can obtain the reflection spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and Raman spectrum signals of the tissue in the cavity.
  • the Raman signal excitation and reception part, the end face of the Raman excitation fiber 121 is first coated with a low-pass film that allows excitation light of one wavelength to pass through.
  • the front end of the Mann collection fiber 122 adopts a high-pass filter that can cut off the excitation light and allow the Raman scattered light with a larger wavelength to pass, and then is assembled together. It can collect low wavenumber (200 ⁇ 2000cm -1 , fingerprint) and high wavenumber (2600 ⁇ 3500cm -1 , high wavenumber) of reflection spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and Raman spectrum, so as to achieve full spectrum detection of intracavitary tissue. Improve detection efficiency.
  • the white light source 4 is used as the reflection spectrum detection of the excitation light source and the blue light source is used as the fluorescence spectrum detection of the excitation light.
  • the endoscope system 7 includes an endoscope 71, a second filter 72, a xenon light source 73 and a data processor 74, the endoscope 71, the second filter 72 and The xenon lamp light source 73 is connected in sequence; the endoscope 71, the data processor 74 and the display 103 are connected in sequence.
  • the xenon lamp light source 73 outputs white light as the illumination light of the endoscope 71 to illuminate the intracavitary tissue
  • the data processor 74 can record the white light optical image observed under the endoscope 71 in real time
  • the optical fiber probe 12 enters the cavity at the same time to collect the spectrum The signal is processed in real time and displayed on the display device.
  • the optical fiber probe 12 and the endoscope 71 can enter the human body cavity to reach the tissue to be inspected at the same time to obtain the white light image of the tissue in the cavity and the spectral signals such as reflection spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, Raman spectrum, etc., realizing the simultaneous detection of multiple optical signals .
  • the endoscope 71 is a nasopharyngoscope
  • the nasopharyngoscope is slowly inserted along one nasal cavity of the human body, and the probe holder 11 is inserted from the other nasal cavity of the human body, under the guidance of the white light image displayed on the display 103 Arrive near the nasopharyngeal tissue, perform optical image observation and spectrum collection, then turn on the white light excitation light source, and collect fluorescence imaging so that the doctor can observe the white light image of the nasopharyngeal tissue under white light illumination. The doctor finds suspicious in the process of observing the image.
  • the handheld probe holder 11 can be in contact with the tissue, and the 785nm Raman excitation light source 3 is turned on to emit laser light.
  • the excitation fiber excites the suspicious tissue, and the Raman spectrum signal of the tissue is collected by the collection fiber and transmitted to the Raman spectrometer 2 for detection, realizing the Raman detection of the nasopharyngeal, optical image and spectrum signal can be processed by the detector And save in real time.
  • the present invention can enter the human body cavity separately from the electronic endoscope 71 to perform multispectral measurement of human body cavity tissues. It can simultaneously perform and cooperate with the current clinical endoscope 71 and pharyngoscopy. , Can quickly obtain high-quality multispectral signals of nasopharyngeal tissues, and achieve effective detection of nasopharyngeal cancerous tissues at the molecular level. For example, when it is applied to bilateral nostril detection, one side is used to observe the image and the other side is used to collect Raman signals, which can increase the collection efficiency of Raman light.
  • the hand-held probe 1 of the present invention can not only be used in conjunction with an empty endoscope with a biopsy hole, but also can be used with an endoscope without a biopsy hole or a rigid nasopharyngoscope to detect nasopharyngeal tissue, and can also be made into a hard endoscope.
  • the hand-held probe 1 of the present invention is used in combination with a nasopharyngeal endoscope, does not occupy a biopsy channel, can be combined with a nasopharyngeal electronic microscope without a biopsy at present, realizes a high degree of integration with clinical nasopharyngoscopy, and has very high clinical application value .
  • the present invention can also be applied to endoscopes 71 with different types of functions, such as nasopharyngoscopes, dental mirrors, hysteroscopes, etc., so as to meet the observation needs of different parts of the human body cavity; the handheld probe can also be applied to the body's external skin and biopsy
  • the Raman spectrum detection system covers a wide range of wave numbers, and can simultaneously detect the Raman spectra in the fingerprint area and the high wave number area; it provides effective clinical detection tools for the non-destructive and rapid diagnosis of living tissues.

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Abstract

一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置（100），包括一手持探头（1），手持探头（1）具有一探头支架（11）和一光纤探头（12）；探头支架（11）包括一手持部（111）和一中空的探头导管（112），手持部（111）连接于探头导管（112）的一端；探头导管（112）的首尾两端均为开口结构，探头导管（112）对应于手持部（111）的一端为入口端（1121），另一端为探测端（1122）；光纤探头（12）穿过入口端（1121），并固定于探头导管（112）内。检测装置（100）适用于鼻咽内窥镜，不占用鼻咽内窥镜的活检通道，给医生预留出活检通道和抽取腔内粘液的通道，手持探头不仅能与有活检孔的空内窥镜配合使用，而且还能与无活检孔的内窥镜或鼻咽硬镜一起检测鼻咽组织；也可适用于口腔镜、子宫镜等，从而满足人体腔内不同部位的观察需要。

Description

一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置 【技术领域】
本发明具体涉及一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置。
【背景技术】
鼻咽癌是发生在头颈部的恶性肿瘤之一，主要发生在中国的福建省、广东省、香港、东南亚和亚洲的一些国家。因为鼻咽癌早期无明显症状、鼻咽位于头颈部的深处，所以早期的鼻咽癌难以被发现。等到鼻咽癌被确诊，超过70％鼻咽癌患者已经处于中晚期。早期鼻咽癌的生存率超过90％，晚期鼻咽癌患者的生存率低于30.3％。因此，鼻咽癌的早期诊断成为治疗鼻咽癌的关键。常规的诊断方法包括：鼻咽镜检查、磁共振成像(MRI)、计算机断层扫描(CT)、组织活检等等，但是这些方法存在着费用高、时间久、具有二次损伤还有需要依赖于医生的临床经验等缺点，并且很难做到对鼻咽癌的早期诊断。
拉曼光谱技术是一种无损的光学检测技术，它通过光与组织之间的相互作用获得组织的拉曼光谱，拉曼光谱能够提供十分重要的生化信息对人体组织的疾病具有诊断意义。因此，进行人体组织拉曼光谱检测研究是对早期无损癌症筛查具有重要意义的。
然而传统鼻咽内镜拉曼光谱检测装置，采用的是纤维内镜，其活检孔较大，相对较易装设光学探头，基于活检通道可以进行拉曼光谱进行检测，但纤维内镜易损坏，且采用拉曼光谱检测，光纤探头必须经过内窥镜活检通道进入人体腔内的器械，因占用用于夹取病理检验标本的活检通道，同时也无法通过活检孔抽走腔内粘液，导致在白光下视场模糊无法发现异常组织，即使发现异常组织，黏液也会干扰拉曼信号的检测，降低了信噪比，另外基于内窥镜活检通道的光纤探头，转向角度是依靠内窥镜，由于受限于内窥镜的 弯曲角度无法灵活操作，会造成盲区，容易触碰到腔内粘膜，甚至使粘膜破损而出血，测得信号是属于血液信号。目前鼻咽纤维镜已被观察清晰度高的鼻咽电子内镜取代，而鼻咽电子内镜活检孔更小或者无活检通道。对于没有活检孔的鼻咽电子镜，没有活检通道，现有通过活检孔的拉曼探头是无法使用的，因此急需开发一种与电子鼻咽镜密切结合进行鼻咽组织光谱检测的装置。
【发明内容】
为克服现有设备存在的缺陷，本发明在于提供一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置。
本发明是这样实现的：一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，包括一手持探头，所述手持探头具有一探头支架和一光纤探头；所述探头支架包括一手持部和一中空的探头导管，所述手持部连接于所述探头导管的一端；所述探头导管的首尾两端均为开口结构，该探头导管对应于所述手持部的一端为入口端，另一端为探测端；所述光纤探头穿过所述入口端，并固定于探头导管内。
进一步地，所述探头导管对应于所述入口端处设有一紧定件，所述光纤探头滑动连接于所述探头导管内，且所述光纤探头通过所述紧定件固定于所述探头导管内。
进一步地，所述探头导管的探测端处设有一石英玻璃柱，所述光纤探头紧接于石英玻璃柱上。
进一步地，所述石英玻璃柱的前端设有倒圆角。
进一步地，所述手持部包括手柄和手指孔，所述手指孔设于手柄的下端。
进一步地，所述光纤探头包括一拉曼激发光纤、数根拉曼收集光纤、一荧光/反射激发光纤和一荧光/反射收集光纤；所述数根拉曼收集光纤围成一圆圈；所述拉曼激发光纤、荧光/反射激发光纤和荧光/反射收集光纤呈等边三角形排布，并均位于所述圆圈内。
进一步地，所述拉曼激发光纤的前端面镀有允许一个波长激光发通过的 低通膜，所述拉曼收集光纤的前端设有可截止激发光并允许波长更大的拉曼散射光通过的高通滤波片。
进一步地，还包括拉曼光谱仪、拉曼激发光源、白光光源、荧光激发光源、反射/荧光光谱仪和检测器；所述拉曼光谱仪与数根拉曼收集光纤的输出端连接；所述拉曼激发光源的输出端与拉曼激发光纤连接；所述白光光源、荧光激发光源经第一滤波器与所述荧光/反射激发光纤的输入端相连接；所述反射/荧光光谱仪经滤光轮与荧光/反射收集光纤的输出端相连接；所述拉曼光谱仪、反射/荧光光谱仪均与检测器连接。
本发明的优点在于：不依赖于内窥镜，不占用活检通道，给医生预留出活检通道和抽取腔内粘液的通道，适用于与无活检孔的鼻咽电子镜结合；手持探头不仅能与有活检孔的空内窥镜配合使用，而且还能与无活检孔的内窥镜或鼻咽硬镜一起检测鼻咽组织，也可做成硬镜形式，利用转向透镜实现多角度的准确测量；提高了信噪比和避免探头污染，延长了探头的使用寿命；能够实现拉曼光谱检测，提高检测的灵敏度和特异性。本发明也可适用于不同类型功能的内窥镜，如鼻咽镜，口腔镜，子宫镜等，从而满足人体腔内不同部位的观察需要。
【附图说明】
下面参照附图结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明中探头支架的结构示意图。
图3为本发明中光纤探头的结构示意图。
图4为本发明中手持探头一优选实施例的结构示意图。
图5为本发明一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置的使用状态图。
【具体实施方式】
请参阅图1，一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置100，包括一手持探 头1、拉曼光谱仪2、拉曼激发光源3、白光光源4、荧光激发光源5、反射/荧光光谱仪6、检测器(未图示)、内窥镜系统7；所述手持探头1具有一探头支架11和一光纤探头12。
请再参阅图1和图2，所述探头支架11包括一手持部111和一中空的探头导管112，所述手持部111连接于所述探头导管112的一端；所述手持部111包括手柄111a和手指孔111b，所述手指孔111b设于手柄111a的下端。所述探头导管112的首尾两端均为开口结构，该探头导管112对应于所述手持部111的一端为入口端1121，另一端为探测端1122；所述光纤探头12穿过所述入口端1121，并固定于探头导管112内，且延伸至所述探测端1122。所述探头导管112对应于所述入口端1121处设有一紧定件8，所述光纤探头12滑动连接于所述探头导管112内，且所述光纤探头12通过所述紧定件8固定于所述探头导管112内。通过紧定件8使光纤探头12可随转向，也可调节光纤探头12进入探头支架11通道的长度，确保光纤探头12在进入人体腔内进行检测时，其探测端1122的端面不接触人体腔内的粘膜组织，避免了对腔内粘膜组织的损伤而导致的出血、感染等医疗风险；紧定件8可为锁定螺母，通过所述紧定件8对光纤探头12和探头支架11进行固定，可防止测量过程中由光纤探头12侧倾、移动等造成测量点位的偏差，提高光纤探头12对病灶的定位精度。
请再参阅图1、图2和图3，在一优选实施例中，所述探头导管112的探测端1122处设有一石英玻璃柱9，所述光纤探头12抵接于石英玻璃柱9上。所述石英玻璃柱的前端设有倒圆角；这样避免探测端1122在检测人体腔内时，石英玻璃柱插伤腔内的组织。石英玻璃柱9前端面镀有增反膜，石英玻璃柱9不仅起到限定光纤探头12与组织的距离，获得稳定的光学腔内组织信号，探头支架11和石英玻璃柱9可以避免光纤探头12与组织的直接接触，保护光纤探头12前端的清洁度，确保信号收集效率，同时下一个患者检测时，可直接替换探头支架11，无需再次对光纤探头12进行清洗，从而延长了光纤探头12的使用寿命和缩短了检测时间。探头支架11由不锈钢或者具有刚性、生物相容性的其它材料制成，可以直接接触人体腔内组织。
请再参阅图1和图3，所述光纤探头12包括一拉曼激发光纤121、数根拉曼收集光纤122、一荧光/反射激发光纤123和一荧光/反射收集光纤124；所述数根拉曼收集光纤122围成一圆圈O；所述拉曼激发光纤121、荧光/反射激发光纤123和荧光/反射收集光纤124呈等边三角形排布，并均位于所述圆圈O内。拉曼激发光纤121、拉曼收集光纤122、荧光/反射激发光纤123和荧光/反射收集光纤124的中部集合成一根合束光纤，且在探测端1122处采用金属套筒进行固定。中间的三根光纤为等边三角形结构可以使收集到的多光谱汇聚在同一检测点上。所述拉曼光谱仪2与数根拉曼收集光纤122的输出端连接；所述拉曼激发光源3的输出端与拉曼激发光纤121连接；所述白光光源4、荧光激发光源5经第一滤波器101与所述荧光/反射激发光纤123的输入端相连接；所述反射/荧光光谱仪6经滤光轮102与荧光/反射收集光纤124的输出端相连接；所述拉曼光谱仪2、反射/荧光光谱仪6均与检测器连接。所述检测器与一显示器103连接。光纤探头12能获取腔内组织的反射光谱、荧光光谱和拉曼光谱信号，其中拉曼信号激发和接收部分，拉曼激发光纤121端面先镀上允许一个波长激发光通过的低通膜，拉曼收集光纤122前端采用可截止激发光并允许波长更大的拉曼散射光通过的高通滤波片，然后组装在一起。可采集反射光谱、荧光光谱、拉曼光谱的低波数(200～2000cm -1，fingerprint)和高波数(2600～3500cm -1，high wavenumber)，从而做到了对腔内组织的全方面光谱检测，提高检测效率。本发明以白光光源4作为激发光源的反射光谱检测和蓝光光源作为激发光的荧光光谱检测。
请再参阅图1和图5，所述内窥镜系统7包括内窥镜71、第二滤波器72、氙灯光源73和数据处理器74，所述内窥镜71、第二滤波器72和氙灯光源73依次连接；所述内窥镜71、数据处理器74和显示器103依次连接。氙灯光源73输出白光作为内窥镜71的照明光对腔内组织进行照明，数据处理器74可实时记录内窥镜71下所观察到的白光光学图像，光纤探头12同时进入腔内收集的光谱信号进行实时处理，并通过显示装置显示出来。光纤探头12和内窥镜71可同时进入人体腔内到达被检组织处，以获取腔内组织白光图像以及反射光谱、荧光光谱、拉曼光谱等光谱信号，实现了多种光学 信号的同时检测。当内窥镜71为鼻咽镜时，消毒处理后将鼻咽镜缓慢沿人体的一个鼻腔伸入，将探头支架11从人体另一鼻腔伸入，在显示器103上显示的白光图像的引导下到达鼻咽部组织附近，进行光学图像的观察和光谱采集再开启白光激发光源，采集荧光成像从而使医生可以分别观察鼻咽部组织在白光照明下的白光图像，医生在观察图像过程中发现可疑的病变组织时,采集白光照明下的反射谱和蓝光照明下的荧光光谱，并在显示器103上进行观察；同时手持式探头支架11可与组织接触，开启785nm拉曼激发光源3发出激光，经激发光纤对可疑组织进行激发，组织的拉曼光谱信号经收集光纤进行收集并传输至拉曼光谱仪2进行检测，实现可以鼻咽的拉曼检测，光学图像和光谱信号均可通过检测器进行处理和实时保存。
请再参阅图1，本发明可与电子内窥镜71分开地进入人体腔内，进行人体腔内组织的多光谱测量，能与目前临床的内窥镜71、咽镜检查同时进行并相互配合，可以快速获得高质量的鼻咽部组织的多光谱信号，并在分子水平上实现对鼻咽部癌变组织的有效检测。如应用于双侧鼻孔检测时，一侧观察图像，另一侧用于采集拉曼信号，可增加拉曼光的搜集效率。本发明的手持探头1不仅能与有活检孔的空内窥镜配合使用，而且还能与无活检孔的内窥镜或鼻咽硬镜一起检测鼻咽组织，也可做成硬镜形式。本发明的手持探头1与鼻咽内镜联用，不占用活检通道，能与目前无活检的鼻咽电子镜结合，实现了与临床鼻咽镜检查的高度结合，具有非常高的临床应用价值。本发明也可适用于不同类型功能的内窥镜71，如鼻咽镜，口腔镜，子宫镜等，从而满足人体腔内不同部位的观察需要；手持式探头也可以适用于人体体外皮肤，活检组织等多光谱检测，拉曼光谱检测系统波数覆盖范围广，可同时检测指纹区和高波数区拉曼光谱的；为活体组织的无损、快速诊断提供有效的临床检测工具。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：包括一手持探头，所述手持探头具有一探头支架和一光纤探头；所述探头支架包括一手持部和一中空的探头导管，所述手持部连接于所述探头导管的一端；所述探头导管的首尾两端均为开口结构，该探头导管对应于所述手持部的一端为入口端，另一端为探测端；所述光纤探头穿过所述入口端，并固定于探头导管内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述探头导管对应于所述入口端处设有一紧定件，所述光纤探头滑动连接于所述探头导管内，且所述光纤探头通过所述紧定件固定于所述探头导管内。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述探头导管的探测端处设有一石英玻璃柱，所述光纤探头紧接于石英玻璃柱上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述石英玻璃柱的前端设有倒圆角。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述探头支架由不锈钢或者具有刚性、生物相容性的材料制成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述手持部包括手柄和手指孔，所述手指孔设于手柄的下端。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述光纤探头包括一拉曼激发光纤、数根拉曼收集光纤、一荧光/反射激发光纤和一荧光/反射收集光纤；所述数根拉曼收集光纤围成一圆圈；所述拉曼激发光纤、荧光/反射激发光纤和荧光/反射收集光纤呈等边三角形排布，并均位于所述圆圈内。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：所述拉曼激发光纤的前端面镀有允许一个波长激光发通过的低通膜，所述拉曼收集光纤的前端设有可截止激发光并允许波长更长的拉曼散射光 通过的高通滤波片。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的一种腔内组织内窥拉曼光谱检测装置，其特征在于：还包括拉曼光谱仪、拉曼激发光源、白光光源、荧光激发光源、反射/荧光光谱仪和检测器；所述拉曼光谱仪与数根拉曼收集光纤的输出端连接；所述拉曼激发光源的输出端与拉曼激发光纤连接；所述白光光源、荧光激发光源经第一滤波器与所述荧光/反射激发光纤的输入端相连接；所述反射/荧光光谱仪经滤光轮与荧光/反射收集光纤的输出端相连接；所述拉曼光谱仪、反射/荧光光谱仪均与检测器连接。
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