Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
  • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
  • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
  • A61B17/72—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
  • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
  • A61B17/1725—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for applying transverse screws or pins through intramedullary nails or pins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
  • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
  • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
  • A61B17/72—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails
  • A61B17/7291—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails for small bones, e.g. in the foot, ankle, hand or wrist
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
  • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
  • A61B17/1717—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for applying intramedullary nails or pins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
  • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
  • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
  • A61B17/72—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails
  • A61B17/7283—Intramedullary devices, e.g. pins or nails with special cross-section of the nail
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
  • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
  • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
  • A61B17/8897—Guide wires or guide pins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
  • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
  • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
  • A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
  • A61B17/921—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices for intramedullary devices

Definitions

• the invention relates generally to bone fusion devices and systems, and, in particular, to an intramedullary bone fixation nail adapted to interface with Kirschner wires or pins for easier, more accurate, and more efficient placement of the bone fixation nail at the desired location.
• Intramedullary fixation nails are known in the art. It is known to implant unthreaded rods or nails within the medullar region of a fractured bone, or of reduced fragments of a broken bone, in order to stabilize the bone while it heals.
• the common procedure for implanting such a device is to form an opening on one end of the fractured or broken bone, the opening extending into the medulla and through the fracture or break.
• This initial opening is commonly formed by using a K-wire which is a smooth steel pin that is inserted into the bone as a guide for insertion of the nail.
• the fracture or break is then reduced.
• a cannulated drill, using the K-wire as a guide is then used to expand the opening made using the K- wire to a width suitable for insertion of the nail.
• the K-wire is then pushed out simultaneously as the nail is then inserted into the bone.
• any debris, tissue or fluid that is trapped inside the bone may interfere with the functioning of the nail, inhibit bone growth, create a risk for infection, and prevent the precise determination of whether the nail has been placed in the correct position.
• the nail disclosed herein pushes out the K-wire from the medullary canal while the nail is simultaneously inserted.
• the disclosed intramedullary nail comprises a shaft having a length, a constant diameter, and an exterior bone contacting surface.
• the nail further comprises a leading (or distal) end and a trailing (or proximal) end.
• the leading end is progressively tapered for ease of insertion, being atraumatic in design and comprises a well or cup, adapted to receive the tip of a standard K-wire.
• the well or cup of the leading end may optionally include internal threads adapted to mate with a removal tool.
• the trailing end comprises a driving fitting adapted for attachment to a driving tool for insertion of the nail into the prepared bone.
• the trailing end may optionally include an internal thread that can be used to secure the nail to a drill guide which can also function as an insertion handle.
• the nail’s shaft may also optionally be equipped with threaded and/or unthreaded cross-drilled holes for insertion of locking compression screws and transfixion screws, respectively, once the nail is placed as desired.
• FIGS. 1A-1B are rear isometric, and front isometric views, respectively, of an embodiment of the intramedullary nail of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an additional embodiment of the intramedullary nail of the present invention having an optional tapered trailing end.
• FIGS. 3A-3B are rear isometric views of an embodiment of the combination drill guide/insertion handle intramedullary nail of the present invention and a detailed view of nail implant attachment to drill guide/insertion handle.
• FIG. 4 illustrates the locking screw used to attach the intramedullary nail to the combination drill guide/insertion handle
• FIG. 5 illustrates an assembled view of an intramedullary nail, combination drill guide/insertion handle, and locking screw according to the present invention.
• FIG. 6 illustrates an exploded view of an intramedullary nail, combination drill guide/insertion handle, and locking screw according to the present invention.
• FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate guides used to assist in drilling bone holes matching oblique or transversal cross-drilled screw holes on the intramedullary nail of the present invention.
• FIGS. 8 A, 8B, and 8C are illustrations of embodiments of the intramedullary nail of the present invention implanted on metacarpal and phalanx bones using different types of screws. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
• the intramedullary nail (100) comprises an elongated shaft (101) having an exterior bone contacting surface (102), a leading (or distal) end (103), a trailing (or proximal) end (104).
• the trailing end (104) comprises an internal thread (105) and an anti- rotational feature (106) adapted to mate with a corresponding feature (204) on the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) (See FIG. 3A-3B).
• the internal thread is adapted to mate with the corresponding threaded tip (303) of the locking screw (300) (See FIG. 4).
• the leading end (103) comprises a well or cup (107) which is adapted to accept a K-Wire tip upon insertion into the bone.
• the leading end may also include internal thread (109) adapted to mate with a removal tool (not shown) that may be utilized to pull, rather than push, the intramedullary nail (100) out of the bone, once inserted, if needed.
• Locking screw (300) (See FIG. 4) may optionally serve as a removal tool.
• the leading end (103) may also optionally include a tapered tip (108) to ease insertion of the nail into the bone (See FIGS. 1A,1B).
• the elongated shaft (101) may also include threaded or unthreaded cross- drilled holes (110,111) for insertion of locking screws (not shown).
• the trailing end (151) may optionally include a flared section (152) to provide additional strength, and to ensure proper mating with the mating feature (204) of combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) (See FIG. 3B) in the case of intramedullary nails of smaller diameters.
• the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) is generally L- shaped comprising a vertical handle portion (201) and a horizontal drill guide portion (202).
• the vertical handle portion (201) and drill guide portion (202) may be of unitary construction or may comprise two or more components that are assembled together to form the combination drill guide/insertion handle.
• At the bottom of the vertical handle portion (202) is a horizontal mandrel (203) which can optionally taper partially or completely towards its tip (204). Tip (204) of mandrel (203) is adapted to mate with anti-rotational feature (106) of intramedullary nail (100) (See FIG 1A).
• Combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) additionally comprises an orifice (205) extending from the rear of the vertical handle (201), through the mandrel (203), and through the tip (204) of the mandrel (203).
• Orifice (205) is adapted to accept locking screw (300) (See FIG. 4) in order to secure the intramedullary nail (100) to the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200).
• Combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) also comprises one or more drill slots (206).
• drill slots When intramedullary nail (100) is attached to mandrel tip (204), with locking screw (300), one or more of the drill slots on the drill guide/insertion handle are aligned with one or more corresponding locking compression screw holes (110, FIG 1A) of the intramedullary nail.
• the drill slots are thus used to precisely drill openings in the bone for locking compression screws which mate with the threaded vertical holes (110) (See FIGS. 1A, IB, and 8).
• An additional drilling guide (410) that can be attached to the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) may be used to similarly, and precisely, drill openings in the bone for transfixion screws that are obliquely or transversally oriented on the intramedullary nail, in alignment with transfixion screw holes (111). Examples of such a guide are shown in FIGS 7A and 7B, and the final result is shown in FIGS 8A, 8B, and [0023]
• the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) may be manufactured as a single component or may be modular to separate the drill guide portion from the insertion handle. If the device is manufactured as two separate components, the drill guide and insertion handle can be locked to, and unlocked from, each other through a variety of means, including an optional top connecting screw (207).
• locking screw (300) which locks intramedullary nail (100) with combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
• Connecting screw (300) comprises an elongated shaft (301) extending from a knob (302) to connecting screw tip (303).
• Knob (302) may optionally be knurled to ease turning same with fingers.
• connecting screw can be further tightened by a driver instrument (not shown).
• Locking screw tip (303) comprises an external thread that is adapted to mate with the internal thread internal thread (105) of the trailing end (104) of intramedullary nail (100) and also optionally with the internal thread (109) of the leading end (103) of intramedullary nail (100).
• FIGS. 5 and 6 shown are assembled and exploded views of the complete intramedullary nail system assembly (1) which further illustrate how the intramedullary nail (100), combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) and connecting screw (300) are designed to mate.
• top connecting screw (207) is optional and not needed in embodiments where the combination drill guide/insertion handle (200) where the same is of unitary construction.
• FIGS. 8 A, 8B, and 8C illustrate examples of embodiments of the intramedullary nail of the present invention implanted on metacarpal and phalanx bones using different types of screws.
• An exemplary procedure for insertion of the disclosed intramedullary nail generally consists of the following steps (the dimensions referenced here are for a 4.0 mm diameter nail and should not be considered limiting for differently sized nails):
• cross-holes oriented at 45° and 90° can be drilled and, additional screws can be inserted, using other marked drilling guide adapter locations (not shown).

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (10)

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• 2020
  • 2020-10-21 US US17/076,661 patent/US11344341B2/en active Active
  • 2020-10-22 JP JP2022522971A patent/JP7581344B2/ja active Active
  • 2020-10-22 ES ES20878700T patent/ES3030866T3/es active Active
  • 2020-10-22 AU AU2020370260A patent/AU2020370260B2/en active Active
  • 2020-10-22 CA CA3157341A patent/CA3157341C/en active Active
  • 2020-10-22 EP EP20878700.2A patent/EP4048170B1/en active Active
  • 2020-10-22 WO PCT/US2020/056799 patent/WO2021081168A1/en not_active Ceased
• 2022
  • 2022-05-27 US US17/804,433 patent/US12102359B2/en active Active
• 2024
  • 2024-10-30 JP JP2024190600A patent/JP2025003736A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (10)

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