WO2021074994A1

WO2021074994A1 - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2021074994A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/040637
Authority: WO
Inventors: 小川　正; 雅彦森
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｆｕｊｉ
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2019-10-16
Publication date: 2021-04-22
Also published as: JPWO2021074994A1; JP7198569B2

Abstract

A machine tool comprising: a slider on which a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece is detachably mounted; a drive mechanism capable of moving the slider between a home position, which is the starting point of slider movement, and a tool exchange position where the cutting tool is exchanged by an operator; an input device into which operations by the operator can be input; and a control device for determining that exchange of the cutting tool is complete when, as a result of an input operation by the operator to the input device, the drive mechanism moves the slider in the tool exchange position to the home position or there is a switch from an exchange mode, in which cutting tool exchange work is performed, to a normal operation mode, in which cutting of the workpiece by the cutting tool is performed, or a test operation mode.

Description

Machine Tools

This specification relates to machine tools.

As a form of a machine tool, Patent Document 1 discloses a machine tool provided in a process of manufacturing a product, and in this machine tool, the work of substantially producing a product such as replacement of worn tools is carried out. A system for grasping the loss time (the period during which the product is not directly involved in the production work) that cannot be performed is disclosed. In this system, when starting the loss time, the worker inputs that fact by using the loss time button (a button for causing the worker to input that the loss time has started), which is a start button, and the loss At the end of the time, use the loss time button (a button for the operator to input that the loss time has ended), which is an end button, to input that fact. Then, the detection means detects (measures) the loss time based on the information input via the loss time button.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-056272

In the machine tool described in Patent Document 1 described above, when the start button (loss time button) is pressed at the start of the loss time and the end button (loss time button) is pressed at the end of the loss time, the loss time is detected (measured). )can do. However, when the worker forgets to press the end button, the loss time cannot be detected (measured).

In view of such circumstances, the present specification discloses a machine tool capable of reliably measuring the loss time by automatically determining the end timing of the loss time.

In the present specification, a slider to which a cutting tool for cutting a work is detachably attached, an original position which is the origin of the operation of the slider, and a tool changing position where the cutting tool is replaced by an operator are defined. A drive mechanism capable of moving the slider between, an input device capable of inputting an operation by the operator, and an input operation of the operator to the input device causes the drive mechanism to replace the tool. When the slider at the position is moved to the original position, or the replacement mode in which the cutting tool is replaced is switched to the normal operation mode in which the cutting tool is used to cut the workpiece, or the trial run mode. At that time, a machine tool including a control device for determining that the replacement of the cutting tool has been completed is disclosed.

According to the present disclosure, when the operator moves the slider in the tool change position to the original position by the input operation to the input device, the control device determines that the change of the cutting tool is completed. It will be possible. In addition, when the operator switches from the replacement mode in which the cutting tool is replaced to the normal operation mode in which the work is cut by the cutting tool or the trial run mode by the input operation to the input device, the control device cuts. It is possible to determine that the tool replacement has been completed. In this way, a series of (essential) operations performed at the end of the cutting tool replacement (loss time), the movement operation of the slider at the tool replacement position by the drive mechanism to the original position, and the normal operation from the replacement mode. By using the operation of switching to the mode or the trial run mode as a trigger for the end of the replacement of the cutting tool, it is possible to automatically determine the end timing of the replacement of the cutting tool. As a result, the machine tool can reliably measure the replacement (loss time) of the cutting tool.

It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the processing system 10 to which a machine tool is applied. It is a side view which shows the lathe module 30A shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the lathe module 30A. It is a front view which shows the input / output device. It is a figure which shows the cutting tool replacement screen. It is a side view which shows the drimill module 30B shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the drimill module 30B. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a program executed by the control device 47 shown in FIG.

(Processing system)
Hereinafter, an embodiment, which is an example of a machining system to which a machine tool is applied, will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the processing system (line production equipment) 10 includes a plurality of base modules 20, a plurality of (10 in this embodiment) working machine modules 30 provided on the base modules 20, and articulated robots. It includes a robot (hereinafter, may be referred to as a robot) 70 (see, for example, FIG. 2). The machining system 10 is configured by forming a plurality of modules (base module 20 and work machine module 30) into a line, and machining the work W. In the following description, "front and back", "left and right", and "up and down" related to the processing system 10 will be treated as front and back, left and right, and up and down when viewed from the front side of the processing system 10.

The base module 20 includes a robot 70 that is a work transfer device, and a robot control device (not shown) that controls the robot 70. The robot 70 has a manipulation function and can release the work W to be gripped and conveyed, and has a moving (self-propelled) function so that the robot 70 can move while gripping the work W.

There are a plurality of types of working machine modules 30, such as a lathe module 30A, a drill mill module 30B, a pre-machining stock module 30C, a post-machining stock module 30D, an inspection module 30E, and a temporary placement module 30F.

(Lathe module)
The lathe module 30A is a modularized lathe. The lathe is a "machine tool" that rotates a work W, which is an object to be machined, and processes it with a fixed cutting tool 43a. As shown in FIG. 2, the lathe module 30A includes a movable bed 41, a headstock 42, a tool base 43, a tool base moving device 44, a processing chamber 45, a traveling chamber 46, and a module control device 47 (hereinafter referred to as a control device 47). In some cases).

The movable bed 41 moves along the front-rear direction on a rail (not shown) provided on the base module 20 via a plurality of wheels 41a. The headstock 42 rotatably holds the work W. The headstock 42 rotatably supports the head shafts 42a arranged horizontally along the front-rear direction. A chuck 42b for gripping the work W is provided at the tip of the spindle 42a. The spindle 42a is rotationally driven by the servomotor 42d via the rotation transmission mechanism 42c.

The tool base 43 is a device that gives a feed motion to the cutting tool 43a. The tool base 43 is a so-called turret type tool base, and rotatably supports the tool holding portion 43b on which a plurality of cutting tools 43a for cutting the work W are mounted and the tool holding portion 43b and at a predetermined cutting position. It has a rotation drive unit 43c that can be positioned.

The tool base moving device 44 is a device that moves the tool base 43 and thus the cutting tool 43a along the vertical direction (X-axis direction) and the front-back direction (Z-axis direction). The tool base moving device 44 has an X-axis driving device 44a that moves the tool base 43 along the X-axis direction, and a Z-axis driving device 44b that moves the tool base 43 along the Z-axis direction.

The X-axis drive device 44a includes an X-axis slider 44a1 slidably attached to a column 48 provided on the movable bed 41 in the vertical direction, and a servomotor 44a2 for moving the X-axis slider 44a1. have. The Z-axis drive device 44b has a Z-axis slider 44b1 slidably attached to the X-axis slider 44a1 in the front-rear direction, and a servomotor 44b2 for moving the Z-axis slider 44b1. .. A tool base 43 is attached to the Z-axis slider 44b1. The Z-axis slider 44b1 is a "slider" to which the cutting tool 43a is detachably mounted. The tool base 43 may form a part of the "slider" or the "slider".

In FIG. 2, the solid line shows the cutting position of the cutting tool 43a and the tool base 43 (and by extension, the Z-axis slider 44b1). Further, the broken line indicates the original position of the cutting tool 43a and the tool base 43 (and by extension, the Z-axis slider 44b1). The original position is the origin (start point and / or end point) of the operation of the tool base 43 and the Z-axis slider 44b1. The original position is the position inside the processing chamber 45, which is the opposite side of the inlet / outlet 45a1 which is the "opening", to the back side of the processing chamber. The cutting position is also located on the back side of the processing chamber as in the original position. Further, the alternate long and short dash line indicates the tool replacement position (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as the replacement position) of the cutting tool 43a and the tool base 43 (and by extension, the Z-axis slider 44b1). The replacement position is a position where the cutting tool 43a is replaced by the operator, and is a position on the inlet / outlet 45a1 side in the processing chamber 45. The tool base moving device 44 is a "driving mechanism" capable of moving the "slider" between the original position and the replacement position.

The processing chamber 45 is a room (space) for processing the work W, and the chuck 42b and the tool base 43 (cutting tool 43a, tool holding portion 43b, and rotary drive portion 43c) are housed in the processing chamber 45. ing. The processing chamber 45 is partitioned by a front wall 45a, a ceiling wall 45b, left and right walls, and a rear wall (all not shown). An inlet / outlet 45a1 through which the work W enters / exits is formed on the front wall 45a. The inlet / outlet 45a1 is opened / closed by a shutter 45c driven by a motor (not shown). The open state (open position) of the shutter 45c is indicated by a solid line, and the closed state (closed position) is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

The traveling room 46 is a room (space) provided facing the entrance / exit 45a1 of the processing room 45. The traveling room 46 is partitioned by a front wall 45a and a front panel 31. The robot 70 can travel in the traveling chamber 46. The front panel 31 is a door that can be opened and closed.

(Module control device, input / output device, etc.)
The control device (module control device) 47 is a control device that drives and controls the rotation drive unit 43c, the tool base moving device 44, and the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 47 is connected to an input / output device 47a, a storage device 47b, a communication device 47c, a spindle 42a, a rotary drive unit 43c, and a tool stand moving device 44. The control device 47 has a microcomputer (not shown), and the microcomputer includes an input / output interface, a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM (all not shown) connected via a bus. The CPU executes various programs to acquire data from the input / output device 47a, the storage device 47b, and the communication device 47c, and controls the input / output device 47a, the spindle 42a, the rotary drive unit 43c, and the tool table moving device 44. To do. The RAM temporarily stores the variables necessary for executing the program, and the ROM stores the program.

As shown in FIG. 1, the input / output device 47a is provided on the front surface of the work machine module 30, and the operator can input various settings, various instructions, etc. to the control device 47, and the operation status to the operator. It is for displaying information such as maintenance status and maintenance status. The input / output device 47a is a device such as an HMI (human machine interface) or a man machine interface for exchanging information between a human and a machine. The input / output device 47a is an "input device" capable of inputting operations by an operator.

The input / output device 47a is the input / output device 11 shown in FIG. The input / output device 11 includes a display panel 11a, individual operation assist buttons 11b, alarm buzzer 11c, USB outlet 11d, editable / impossible select key 11e, emergency stop button 11f, automatic / individual select switch 11g, and operation preparation button 11h. , Automatic start button 11i, continuous off button 11j, NC (numerical control: control to command the operation to be performed by numerical information) start button 11k, NC pause button 11l, spindle start button 11m, spindle stop button 11n, turret forward rotation button It includes 11o, a turret reverse button 11p, a door interlock select key 11q, a door unlock button 11r, an execution button 11s, and an abnormal reset button 11t.

The display panel 11a is a touch panel type monitor that displays various information. Each individual operation assist button 11b is used when the actuator is operated with the front panel 31 (front safety door) open, or when the operation is performed with both hands. The actuator operation is an operation for manually driving (manual operation) the actuators of the

drive devices

44a and 44b of the tool table moving device 44 by an operator. Examples of this actuator include

drive devices

53a, 53b, and 53c of the spindle head moving device 53, which will be described later. The alarm buzzer 11c emits a sound for an alarm when the operator needs to be alerted. The USB insertion port 11d is a port for inserting a USB when inputting / outputting data. The editable / non-editable select key 11e is used to edit data such as programs and parameters stored in the

storage devices

47b, 57b, 90b and the storage device in the control device. When the select key 11e is located at the left position (lock position), the editing operation cannot be performed, and when the select key 11e is located at the right position (unlocking position), the editing operation is possible.

The emergency stop button 11f is a button that puts the work equipment module 30 into an emergency stop state. When the emergency stop button 11f is pressed, the power of the actuator of the work equipment module 30 is cut off, and the control device 47 (or 57) is put into the emergency stop state. The emergency stop button 11f is locked while being pressed, and when resetting this lock, the emergency stop button 11f is turned to the right.

The automatic / individual select switch 11g (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a select switch 11g) switches between the automatic operation mode (normal operation mode) and each individual operation mode. The automatic operation mode is a mode for starting (implementing) continuous operation of the work machine module 30 (normal operation: operation in which cutting of the work W by the

cutting tool

43a or 52b is automatically performed (automatic operation)). Each individual operation mode is a mode for enabling manual operations such as the actuator operation and NC operation described above, and is a "replacement mode" in which the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced. When the select switch 11g is located in the left position (“automatic mode”), the automatic operation mode can be selected, and when it is located in the right position (“individual mode”), each individual operation mode can be selected.

The operation preparation button 11h is a button for supplying power to each of the above-mentioned actuators. The automatic start button 11i is a button for starting the automatic operation, and the lamp lights up during the automatic operation. The continuous off button 11j is a button for stopping the automatic operation. When the continuous off button 11j is pressed, the lamp of the automatic start button 11i changes from lighting to blinking, and turns off when the machining cycle is completed. The NC start button 11k is a button for starting the NC program (NC program operation), and the lamp lights up during the NC program operation. The NC pause button 11l is a button for temporarily stopping the NC program operation, and the lamp lights up during the pause. NC program operation is an operation based on a machining program of a machine by numerical control.

The spindle start button 11m is a button that rotates (starts) the spindle 42a according to the rotation speed and rotation direction commanded immediately before. The lamp lights up while the spindle is running. The rotation speed is commanded by the S code, and the rotation direction is commanded by the M code. The spindle stop button 11n is a button for stopping the rotation of the spindle 42a. The turret forward rotation button 11o is a button for indexing the tool base 43 (turret) by one index in the normal rotation direction. The turret reversing button 11p is a button for indexing the tool base 43 (turret) by one index in the reversing direction. The door interlock select key 11q is a switch used when operating the machine with the front panel 31 open when performing maintenance, inspection work, or the like of the machine (working machine module 30). When the select key 11q is located at the left position, the machine cannot be operated unless the front panel 31 is closed. When the select key 11q is located at the right position, the machine can be operated with the front panel 31 open. The door lock release button 11r is a button for unlocking the electromagnetic lock switch (not shown) on the front panel 31. The lock cannot be released during the operation of the work equipment module 30.

The execution button 11s is used when operating the slider forward switch 101, the slider backward switch 102, the test run switch 103, and the actuator button (not shown) in the display panel 11a. When the execute button 11s is pressed while the slider forward switch 101, the slider backward switch 102, the test run switch 103, and the actuator button in the display panel 11a are selected (for example, the red frame on the outer circumference of the button is displayed). , The actuator performs the corresponding operation. The abnormality reset button 11t is a button for canceling the abnormality when an abnormality occurs in the work equipment module 30. After the select switch 11g is switched to each mode, when the abnormality reset button 11t is pressed, the abnormality can be released.

The configuration of the input / output device 57a of the drimill module 30B is almost the same as the configuration of the input / output device 47a of the lathe module 30A, although the switches / buttons are slightly different. In the input / output device 57a, a spindle clamp button is provided in place of the turret forward rotation button 11o, and a spindle unclamp button is provided in place of the turret reverse rotation button 11p. The spindle clamp button is a button for clamping the spindle chuck of the spindle 52a. The spindle unclamp button is a button for unclamping the spindle chuck.

The storage device 47b stores data related to the control of the lathe module 30A, for example, a control program, parameters used in the control program, data related to various settings and various instructions, and the like. The communication device 47c communicates with other modules in the same machining system, with different machining systems, or with a control computer that supervises a plurality of machining systems via the Internet. It is a device for mutual communication.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lathe module 30A has a signal tower 32 attached to the upper front side, and the signal tower 32 notifies the operator of the operating state of the lathe module 30A. The signal tower 32 emits light in three colors of "red", "green", and "yellow" (warning light), and can display not only lighting but also blinking depending on the light emitting color. The signal tower 32 is also attached to the drimill module 30B.

(Display panel)
The cutting tool replacement screen 100 shown in FIG. 5 is displayed on the display panel 11a. The cutting tool replacement screen 100 includes a slider forward switch 101, a slider backward switch 102, and a test run switch 103. The slider advance switch 101 is a switch for advancing (moving) the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43. The slider retreat switch 102 is a switch for retreating (moving) the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43. The test run switch 103 is a switch for starting (implementing) the test run.

(Drimill module)
The drimill module 30B is a modularized machining center for drilling holes, milling, and the like. A machining center is a "machine tool" that processes a fixed work W by pressing a rotating tool (rotary tool) against it. As shown in FIG. 6, the drimill module 30B includes a movable bed 51, a spindle head 52, a spindle head moving device 53, a work table 54, a processing chamber 55, a traveling chamber 56, and a module control device 57 (controlled in the present specification). It may be referred to as a device 57).

The movable bed 51 moves along the front-rear direction on a rail (not shown) provided on the base module 20 via a plurality of wheels 51a. The spindle head 52 rotatably supports the spindle 52a. A cutting tool 52b (for example, a drill, an end mill, etc.) for cutting the work W can be attached to the tip (lower end) of the spindle 52a via the spindle chuck. The spindle 52a is rotationally driven by the servomotor 52c. The spindle chuck clamps / unclamps the cutting tool 52b.

The spindle head moving device 53 is a device that moves the spindle head 52 and thus the cutting tool 52b along the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), and the left-right direction (X-axis direction). The spindle head moving device 53 includes a Z-axis driving device 53a that moves the spindle head 52 along the Z-axis direction, an X-axis driving device 53b that moves the spindle head 52 along the X-axis direction, and a spindle head 52 in Y. It has a Y-axis drive device 53c that moves along the axial direction. The Z-axis drive device 53a moves the Z-axis slider 53d slidably attached to the X-axis slider 53e along the Z-axis direction. The X-axis drive device 53b moves the X-axis slider 53e slidably attached to the Y-axis slider 53f along the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive device 53c moves the Y-axis slider 53f slidably attached to the main body 58 provided on the movable bed 51 along the Y-axis direction. The Z-axis drive device 53a, the X-axis drive device 53b, and the Y-axis drive device 53c function using a built-in servomotor as a drive source.

A spindle head 52 is attached to the Z-axis slider 53d. The Z-axis slider 53d is a "slider" to which the cutting tool 52b is detachably attached. The spindle head 52 may form a part of the "slider" or the "slider".

In FIG. 6, the solid line shows the cutting position of the cutting tool 52b and the spindle head 52 (and thus the Z-axis slider 53d). Further, the broken line indicates the original position of the cutting tool 52b and the spindle head 52 (and by extension, the Z-axis slider 53d). The original position is the origin of the operation of the spindle head 52 and the Z-axis slider 53d (start point and / or end point of the operation). The original position is the position inside the processing chamber 55, which is the opposite side of the inlet / outlet 55a1 which is the "opening", to the back side of the processing chamber. The cutting position is also located on the back side of the processing chamber as in the original position. Further, the alternate long and short dash line indicates the replacement position of the cutting tool 52b and the spindle head 52 (and thus the Z-axis slider 53d). The replacement position is a position where the cutting tool 52b is replaced by the operator, and is a position on the inlet / outlet 55a1 side in the processing chamber 55. The spindle head moving device 53 is a "driving mechanism" capable of moving the "slider" between the original position and the replacement position.

The work table 54 holds the work W fixedly. The work table 54 is fixed to a work table rotating device 54a provided on the front surface of the main body 58. The work table rotating device 54a is rotationally driven around an axis extending along the front-rear direction. As a result, the work W can be machined by the cutting tool 52b in a state of being tilted at a desired angle. The work table 54 may be directly fixed to the front surface of the main body 58. Further, the work table 54 is provided with a chuck 54b for gripping the work W.

The processing chamber 55 is a room (space) for processing the work W, and the spindle 52a, the cutting tool 52b, the work table 54, and the work table rotating device 54a are housed in the processing chamber 55. The processing chamber 55 is partitioned by a front wall 55a, a ceiling wall 55b, left and right walls, and a rear wall (all not shown). An inlet / outlet 55a1 through which the work W enters / exits is formed on the front wall 55a. The inlet / outlet 55a1 is opened / closed by a shutter 55c driven by a motor (not shown). The open state (open position) of the shutter 55c is indicated by a broken line, and the closed state (closed position) is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

The traveling room 56 is a room (space) provided facing the entrance / exit 55a1 of the processing room 55. The traveling room 56 is partitioned by a front wall 55a and a front panel 31. The robot 70 can travel in the traveling chamber 56. The adjacent traveling chambers 46 (or 56) form a continuous space over the entire length of the processing system 10 in the parallel direction.

(Module control device, input / output device, etc.)
The control device (module control device) 57 is a control device that drives and controls the spindle 52a (servo motor 52c), the spindle head moving device 53, and the like. As shown in FIG. 7, the control device 57 is connected to the input / output device 57a, the storage device 57b, the communication device 57c, the spindle 52a, the spindle head moving device 53, and the work table 54. The control device 57 has a microcomputer (not shown), and the microcomputer includes an input / output interface, a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM (all not shown) connected via a bus.

As shown in FIG. 1, the input / output device 57a is provided on the front surface of the work equipment module 30 and functions in the same manner as the input / output device 47a. The input / output device 57a is an input / output device 11 like the input / output device 47a. A spindle clamp button is used instead of the turret forward rotation button 11o, and a spindle unclamp button is used instead of the turret reverse rotation button 11p. Other than these, the configuration is the same as that of the input / output device 47a.

The storage device 57b stores data related to the control of the drimill module 30B, for example, a control program, parameters used in the control program, data related to various settings and various instructions, and the like. The communication device 57c is a device similar to the communication device 47c.

(Stock module, inspection module)
The pre-machining stock module 30C is a module for charging the work W into the processing system 10 (work loading module, or may be simply referred to as a loading module). The post-machining stock module 30D is a module (work discharge module, or may be simply referred to as a discharge module) that stores and discharges a finished product that has completed a series of machining on the work W performed by the machining system 10. ..

The inspection module 30E inspects the work W (for example, the work W after processing). The temporary placement module 30F is for temporarily placing the work W in a series of machining steps by the machining system 10. The inspection module 30E and the temporary installation module 30F have a traveling chamber (not shown) like the lathe module 30A and the drimill module 30B.

(Replacement of cutting tools)
Further, replacement of the cutting tool 43a (cutting tool) of the machine tool (lathe module 30A) described above (particularly automatic measurement of the cutting tool replacement time) will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

(Notification of cutting tool replacement)
In step S102, the control device 47 determines whether or not the lathe module 30A is in automatic operation (in automatic operation mode). When the select switch 11g is switched to the "automatic mode", the control device 47 determines that the automatic operation is in progress, and advances the program to step S104. When the select switch 11g is switched to the "individual mode", the control device 47 determines that the automatic operation is not in progress, and repeatedly executes the process of step S102.

In step S104, the control device 47 determines whether or not the cutting tool 43a has reached the end of its life, that is, whether or not the cutting tool 43a has reached the replacement time. The control device 47 automatically calculates and stores the cumulative number of times of use of the cutting tool 43a, and when the cumulative number of times of use becomes larger than the predetermined number of times of use, the cutting tool 43a reaches the end of its life. It is determined that this has been done, and the program proceeds to step S106. When the cumulative number of times of use is equal to or less than the predetermined number of times of use, the control device 47 determines that the cutting tool 43a has not reached the end of its life, and repeatedly executes the process of step S104. In determining the life of the cutting tool 43a, the usage time may be used instead of the number of times the cutting tool 43a is used.

The control device 47 stops the machining cycle of the lathe module 30A in step S106. The machining cycle is a step of machining the work W with the lathe module 30A. The processing cycle is stopped when the processing is stopped in the middle of the process or when the processing is stopped until the end of the process. At this time, the control device 47 notifies that the cutting tool 43a has reached the end of its life, that is, prompts the replacement of the cutting tool 43a. This notification is performed by the alarm sound of the alarm buzzer 11c and the lighting or blinking of the signal tower 32. The operator can replace the cutting tool 43a by confirming the alarm buzzer 11c and the alarm (notification) of the signal tower 32. Further, in step S106, the control device 47 can drive the tool base moving device 44 to move the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43 to the original position at the same time as the machining cycle is stopped.

(Automatic measurement of cutting tool replacement time)
In step S108, the control device 47 performs an automatic → individual switching operation of switching the select switch 11g from the “automatic mode” to the “individual mode” to the input / output device 47a based on the position information of the select switch 11g read in step S108. Determine if it has been entered. When the position of the select switch 11g is switched from the "automatic mode" to the "individual mode", the control device 47 determines that the automatic → individual switching operation has been input to the input / output device 47a. The control device 47 is prompted to replace the cutting tool 43a during automatic operation, and when the select switch 11g is switched from the "automatic mode" to the "individual mode" by the operator (in steps S102, 104, 108). Each is determined to be "YES"), and the operation mode is switched from the automatic operation mode to each individual operation mode (step S110). When the select switch 11g cannot be switched from the "automatic mode" to the "individual mode" by the operator (determined as "NO" in step S108), the control device 47 repeatedly executes the process of step S108. ..

In order for the operator to replace the cutting tool 43a mounted on the tool base 43, the operator opens the front panel 31 and further opens the shutter 45c located behind the front panel 31 in each individual operation mode. After that, the operator manually moves the cutting tool 43a to a position (front side position: replacement position) near the inlet / outlet 45a1 of the processing chamber 45. This is because when the cutting tool 43a is located at the back side position (for example, the original position, the cutting position) of the machining chamber 45, the operator cannot reach the position and the cutting tool 43a cannot be replaced. As described above, in order to replace the cutting tool 43a, it is necessary (essential) to move (operate) the cutting tool 43a to the front side position of the machining chamber 45. Further, after the replacement work of the cutting tool 43a is completed, it is necessary (essential) to move (return) (return) the cutting tool 43a from the front side position to the back side position of the machining chamber 45 (essential).

By using this work procedure, in each individual operation mode, the input / output device 47a (forward input operation) allows the operator to advance the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43 from the original position to the replacement position. When inputting to the input device), it can be determined that the replacement of the cutting tool 43a has started (cutting tool replacement start determination). Further, after the replacement work of the cutting tool 43a is completed (after the replacement start determination is made), the input / output device 47a is subjected to an input operation (backward input operation) for retracting the Z-axis slider 44b1 and the tool base 43 from the replacement position to the original position. When input, it can be determined that the replacement of the cutting tool 43a is completed (cutting tool replacement end determination).

In step S112, the control device 47 determines that the operator has input the forward input operation to the input / output device 47a, for example, when the operator presses the slider forward switch 101 and the execution button 11s. If not, it is determined that the operator has not input the forward input operation to the input / output device 47a. Instead of pressing the slider advance switch 101, the exchange position movement switch (not shown) for advancing (moving) the Z-axis slider 44b1 and the tool base 43 to the exchange position may be pressed. Further, it may advance from the cutting position to the replacement position instead of from the original position.

The control device 47 determines that the replacement of the cutting tool 43a has started when the operator inputs the forward input operation to the input / output device 47a (“YES” in step S112) in each individual operation mode (cutting tool). Replacement start determination: step S114). Further, the control device 47 stores the time (time point: replacement start time) when it is determined in step S114 that the replacement of the cutting tool 43a has started. Then, the control device 47 drives the tool base moving device 44 according to the forward input operation of the operator to advance the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43 from the original position to the replacement position (slider forward control: step S116). .. After advancing the tool base 43 from the original position to the replacement position, the operator replaces the cutting tool 43a mounted on the tool base 43 with a new cutting tool 43a.

After the replacement of the cutting tool 43a is completed, the operator inputs an input operation (backward input operation) for retracting (returning) the tool base 43 at the replacement position to the input / output device 47a. In step S118, the control device 47 determines that the operator has input the backward input operation to the input / output device 47a, for example, when the operator presses the slider backward switch 102 and the execution button 11s. If not, it is determined that the operator has not input the backward input operation to the input / output device 47a. Instead of pressing the slider retract switch 102, the in-situ movement switch (not shown) for retracting (moving) the Z-axis slider 44b1 and the tool base 43 to the original position (or cutting position) can be pressed. May be good.

When the operator inputs the backward input operation to the input / output device 47a (“YES” in step S118) after the determination to start the replacement of the cutting tool 43a, the control device 47 has completed the replacement of the cutting tool 43a. (Determining the end of cutting tool replacement: step S120). Further, the control device 47 stores the time (time point: replacement end time) when it is determined in step S120 that the replacement of the cutting tool 43a is completed. Then, the control device 47 drives the tool base moving device 44 according to the backward input operation of the operator, and retracts the Z-axis slider 44b1 and thus the tool base 43 from the replacement position to the original position (or cutting position) (slider retreat). Control: Step S122).

The control device 47 calculates the replacement work time in step S124. The control device 47 calculates the exchange work time from the exchange start time previously stored in step S114 and the exchange end time previously stored in step S120. The exchange work time can be calculated by subtracting the exchange start time from the exchange end time.

(Trial run, switching to automatic operation mode)
The control device 47 performs a trial run of the newly installed cutting tool 43a after the calculation of the replacement work time is completed. The operation mode in which the trial run is performed is called the trial run mode. First, the control device 47 determines in step S126 whether or not the operator has input the operation for starting the test run (test run start operation) to the input / output device 47a. For example, when the test run switch 103 is pressed and the execution button 11s is pressed by the operator, the control device 47 determines that the test run start operation has been input, advances the program to step S128, and otherwise advances the program. It is determined that the test run start operation has not been input, and the program proceeds to step S130. When the test run start operation is input, the operation mode is switched to the test run mode.

The control device 47 performs a test run in step S128. The trial run is an operation in which the work W is machined with a new cutting tool 43a after the cutting tool 43a is replaced. The operator automatically or manually measures the dimensions of the work W processed in the trial run, and sets and inputs the correction amount based on the measured dimensions of the work W. The control device 47 advances the program to step S130.

In step S130, the control device 47 switches the select switch 11g from the “individual mode” to the “automatic mode” by the operator based on the read position information of the select switch 11g. Determine if it has been entered. When the position of the select switch 11g is switched from the "individual mode" to the "automatic mode", the control device 47 determines that each individual → automatic switching operation has been input to the input / output device 47a. In the control device 47, the select switch 11g is changed from the "individual mode" by the operator after the replacement work of the cutting tool 43a is completed (after the replacement work of the cutting tool 43a is completed and the trial run is completed) in each individual operation mode. When the mode is switched to the "automatic mode" (determined as "YES" in step 130), the operation mode is switched from the individual operation mode to the automatic operation mode (step S132). As a result, the lathe module 30A is in automatic operation. When the select switch 11g cannot be switched from the "individual mode" to the "automatic mode" by the operator (determined as "NO" in step S130), the control device 47 repeatedly executes the process of step S130. ..

Further, the replacement of the cutting tool 52b (cutting tool) of the machine tool (Drimill module 30B) described above (particularly the automatic measurement of the cutting tool replacement time) will be described. Basically, the control is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 in the same manner as the replacement of the cutting tool 43a of the lathe module 30A described above, so only the different points will be described. The replacement control of the cutting tool 52b is executed by the control device 57 instead of the control device 47.

When the spindle head moving device 53 moves the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) at the tool changing position to the original position by the operator's input operation to the input / output device 57a (step S118). Or, when switching from the replacement mode (individual operation mode) in which the cutting tool 52b is replaced to the normal operation mode in which the work W is cut by the cutting tool 52b or the trial run mode, the replacement of the cutting tool 52b is completed. It is determined that this has been done (step S120).

The control device 57 further replaces the cutting tool 52b when an operation for moving the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) in the original position to the tool replacement position is input to the input / output device 57a (step S112). Is determined to have started (step S114). Further, the control device 57 further calculates the replacement work time of the cutting tool 52b from the timing of determining that the replacement of the cutting tool 52b has started and the timing of determining that the replacement of the cutting tool 52b has been completed (step S124). ..

Further, the test run carried out in step S128 is an operation of measuring the mounting state of the newly mounted cutting tool 52b, and the control device 57 idles, for example, the spindle 52a mounted with the new cutting tool 52b at that time. The amount of vibration and the amount of runout are measured, and the mounting state is determined using the measurement results.

In the above-described embodiment, the

control devices

47 and 57 are Z-axis sliders in which the tool base moving device 44 and the spindle head moving device 53 are in the tool changing position by the input operation of the operator to the input /

output devices

47a and 57a. When the 44b1 (tool base 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) are moved to their original positions, it is determined that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b is completed. Instead, the

control devices

47 and 57 switch from the individual operation mode in which the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced to the normal operation mode in which the work W is cut by the

cutting tools

43a and 52b or the trial operation mode. At that time, it may be determined that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b is completed.

Specifically, the

control devices

47 and 57 may execute the cutting tool replacement end determination process of step S120 after the determination process of step S126 or the determination process of step S130. The replacement work time calculation process in step S124 may be executed after the cutting tool replacement end determination process. Further, when the

control devices

47 and 57 determine "NO" in step S118, the

control devices

47 and 57 perform a process of determining whether or not the test run start operation has been performed (the same process as in step S126), and the test run start operation is performed. At that time, the program may be advanced to step S128. As a result, the cutting tool replacement end determination process can be executed when the test run start operation is performed even if the slider retreat operation is not performed. Further, when the

control devices

47 and 57 determine “NO” in step S118, they perform a process of determining whether or not each individual → automatic switching operation has been performed (process similar to step S130), and each individual → automatic. The program may be advanced to step S132 when the switching operation is performed. As a result, the cutting tool replacement end determination process can be executed when each individual → automatic switching operation is performed even if the slider retreat operation is not performed.

Further, when the

control devices

47 and 57 determine "NO" in step S112, the

control devices

47 and 57 perform a process of determining whether or not the test run start operation has been performed (the same process as in step S126), and the test run start operation is performed. At that time, the program may be advanced to step S128. Further, when the

control devices

47 and 57 determine "NO" in step S112, the

control devices

47 and 57 perform a process of determining whether or not each individual-> automatic switching operation has been performed (the same process as in step S130), and each individual-> automatic. The program may be advanced to step S132 when the switching operation is performed. As a result, after the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are determined to have reached the end of their useful life, when the automatic → individual switching operation is performed and then the test run start operation or each individual → automatic switching operation is performed, the cutting tool replacement end determination process is performed. Can be executed. In this case, it is desirable to consider the time when the automatic → individual switching operation is performed as the cutting tool replacement start time.

According to this, if the slider retracting operation described above is not performed, a manual pulse generator that can manually operate the "slider" by the operator is connected to the machine tool, and the manual pulse generator is operated by the operator to operate the "slider". (That is, when the "slider" is moved without performing the slider forward operation or the slider backward operation described above), it is surely determined that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b is completed. Is possible.

The machine tool (lathe module 30A, drill mill module 30B) according to the above-described embodiment has a slider (Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43), Z-axis) to which

cutting tools

43a and 52b for cutting the work W are detachably attached. The

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced by the original position and the operator, which are the origins of the operations of the slider 53d (spindle head 52)), the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43), and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52). A drive mechanism (tool base moving device 44, spindle head moving device) capable of moving the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) to and from the tool changing position, which is the position. 53), an input device (input /

output devices

47a, 57a) capable of inputting an operation by an operator, and a tool table moving device 44, a spindle head moving device by an input operation of an operator to the input /

output devices

47a, 57a. When the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43) and Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) in which 53 is in the tool replacement position are moved to the original positions (step S112), or the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced. When switching from the replacement mode (individual operation mode) to the normal operation mode in which the work W is cut by the

cutting tools

43a and 52b or the trial run mode (steps S126 and 130), the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b is completed. It includes

control devices

47 and 57 that determine that the tool has been used (step S120).

According to this, the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool stand 43) and the Z-axis slider in which the tool base moving device 44 and the spindle head moving device 53 are in the tool changing position by the input operation to the input /

output devices

47a and 57a by the operator When the 53d (spindle head 52) is moved to the original position, the

control devices

47 and 57 can determine that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b has been completed. Further, from the individual operation mode in which the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced by the input operation to the input /

output devices

47a and 57a by the operator, the normal operation mode in which the work W is cut by the

cutting tools

43a and 52b. Alternatively, when the test run mode is switched, the

control devices

47 and 57 can determine that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b has been completed. As described above, the Z axis at the tool exchange position by the tool base moving device 44 and the spindle head moving device 53, which is a series of (essential) operations performed at the end of the replacement (loss time) of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b. The operation of moving the slider 44b1 (tool base 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) to the original position and the operation of switching from each individual operation mode to the normal operation mode or the trial operation mode are performed, and the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b is completed. By using the trigger, it is possible to automatically determine the end timing of replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b. As a result, the lathe module 30A and the drimill module 30B can reliably measure the replacement (loss time) of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b.

Further, in the

control devices

47 and 57, the operation for moving the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) in the original positions to the tool exchange position is an input / output device 47a, When the input is input to 57a (step S112), it is determined that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b has started (step S114).
According to this, the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool stand 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle) in the in-situ position, which are a series of (essential) operations performed when replacing (loss time) the

cutting tools

43a and 52b, are performed. By using the operation for moving the head 52) to the tool changing position by the tool base moving device 44 and the spindle head moving device 53 as a trigger for starting the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b, the

cutting tools

43a and 52b can be replaced. It is possible to automatically determine the start timing. As a result, the lathe module 30A and the drimill module 30B can reliably measure the replacement (loss time) of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b.

Further, the

control devices

47 and 57 further perform the

cutting tool

43a and 52b replacement work from the timing of determining that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b has started and the timing of determining that the replacement of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b has been completed. Calculate the time (step S124).
According to this, the lathe module 30A and the drimill module 30B can automatically calculate the replacement work time of the

cutting tools

43a and 52b, and can reliably measure the replacement work time. ..

Further, in the lathe module 30A and the drimill module 30B, the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43) and the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) are arranged in the

machining chambers

45 and 55 capable of machining the work W. The

processing chambers

45 and 55 are provided with openings (inlet / outlet 45a1, inlet / outlet 55a1) for loading / unloading the work W. The tool change position is the position on the inlet / outlet 45a1 and the inlet / outlet 55a1 side in the

machining chambers

45 and 55, and the original position is in the

machining chambers

45 and 55 and opposite to the inlet / outlet 45a1 and the inlet / outlet 55a1. This is the position on the back side of the processing room.
According to this, when the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced, the Z-axis slider 44b1 (tool base 43), the Z-axis slider 53d (spindle head 52) and the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are used at the inlets and outlets 45a1 of the

machining chambers

45 and 55. , In the lathe module 30A and the drill mill module 30B, which need to be moved to the tool replacement position, which is the position on the inlet / outlet 55a1 side, the

cutting tools

43a and 52b are replaced (loss) by automatically determining the end timing of the loss time. Time) can be measured reliably.

30A ... Lathe module (machine tool), 30B ... Drimill module (machine tool), 43 ... Tool stand (slider), 43a, 52b ... Cutting tool, 44 ... Tool stand moving device (drive mechanism), 44b1 ... Z-axis slider (Slider), 45, 55 ... Machining chamber, 45a1, 55a1 ... In / out (opening), 47, 57 ... Control device, 47a, 57a ... Input / output device (input device), 52 ... Spindle head (slider), 53 ... Spindle head moving device (drive mechanism), 53d ... Z-axis slider (slider), W ... Work.

Claims

A slider with a detachable cutting tool for cutting the workpiece,
A drive mechanism capable of moving the slider between the original position which is the origin of the operation of the slider and the tool exchange position where the cutting tool is exchanged by the operator.
An input device capable of inputting operations by the operator, and
By the input operation of the operator to the input device,
When the drive mechanism moves the slider at the tool change position to the original position, or from the change mode in which the cutting tool is changed, the normal operation mode in which the work is cut by the cutting tool. , Or when switching to test run mode
A control device that determines that the replacement of the cutting tool has been completed, and
Machine tool equipped with.
According to claim 1, the control device further determines that the replacement of the cutting tool has started when an operation for moving the slider in the original position to the tool replacement position is input to the input device. The machine tool described.
The second aspect of claim 2, wherein the control device further calculates the replacement work time of the cutting tool from the timing of determining that the replacement of the cutting tool has started and the timing of determining that the replacement of the cutting tool has been completed. Machine Tools.
The slider is arranged in a processing chamber where the work can be processed.
The processing chamber is provided with an opening for loading and unloading the work.
The tool change position is a position on the opening side in the processing chamber.
The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the original position is a position on the back side of the processing chamber, which is the opposite side of the opening in the processing chamber.