WO2021073312A1 - 用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法、装置、存储介质和系统 - Google Patents

用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法、装置、存储介质和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021073312A1
WO2021073312A1 PCT/CN2020/113810 CN2020113810W WO2021073312A1 WO 2021073312 A1 WO2021073312 A1 WO 2021073312A1 CN 2020113810 W CN2020113810 W CN 2020113810W WO 2021073312 A1 WO2021073312 A1 WO 2021073312A1
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Prior art keywords
local address
unique
backup
fixed link
user terminal
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PCT/CN2020/113810
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English (en)
French (fr)
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侯波
谢光华
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP20875893.8A priority Critical patent/EP4027596A4/en
Publication of WO2021073312A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021073312A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/58—Association of routers
    • H04L45/586—Association of routers of virtual routers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0663—Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/741—Routing in networks with a plurality of addressing schemes, e.g. with both IPv4 and IPv6
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
    • H04L12/287—Remote access server, e.g. BRAS

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a route announcement method used in an IPv6 network, a message transceiving device that executes the route announcement method, a computer-readable storage medium, and a network system.
  • BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server
  • vBRAS virtual Broadband Remote Access Server
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a route announcement method for an IPv6 network, a message transceiving device for executing the route announcement method, a computer-readable storage medium, and a network system.
  • the route announcement method can enable the user terminal to access the IPv6 network normally.
  • a route announcement method for IPv6 networks includes: acquiring a unique and fixed link in a broadband remote access server when a route announcement is required. Local address; route announcements are made using route announcement messages, where the source IP carried in the route announcement messages is the unique and fixed link local address in the acquired broadband remote access server.
  • a message transceiving device is provided, the message transceiving device is used in an IPv6 network, wherein the message transceiving device includes: an address specifying module, the address specifying module is used to When routing announcements are required, the unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote server is obtained; the routing announcement module is used for routing announcements using route announcement messages, wherein the route announcement messages
  • the carried source IP is the unique and fixed link local address in the acquired broadband remote access server.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores an executable program, and the executable program can execute the above-mentioned route notification method provided by the present disclosure.
  • a network system includes a broadband remote access server and a message transceiving device, and the message transceiving device is the foregoing message transceiving device provided by the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation manner of the route announcement method provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of modules of an embodiment of the message transceiving device provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of modules of an embodiment of the network system provided by the present disclosure.
  • the "broadband remote access server” mentioned in this disclosure may be a BRAS or a vBRAS.
  • the inventor of the present disclosure has repeatedly studied and found that in related technologies, the reasons why the user terminal cannot normally access the network are:
  • the next hop discovery of the user terminal is obtained through a route advertisement (RA, Router Advertise) message sent by the network access device.
  • RA Router Advertise
  • the next hop discovery of the user is to obtain the source link local address (LLA, Link Local Address) of the RA message.
  • LLA Link Local Address
  • the source LLA address is generated by calculating the MAC of the interface through a predetermined algorithm (for example, the EUI-64 algorithm), and the MAC addresses of different interfaces are generally different.
  • the next-hop RA message of the backup interface (or backup device) will cause the user terminal to receive multiple default routes with the same priority, and the user terminal’s upstream traffic may be sent to the backup interface (or backup device), causing the user The charging of the traffic used by the terminal is abnormal, or the uplink traffic of the user terminal is blocked.
  • a route announcement method for an IPv6 network wherein the route announcement method includes:
  • step S110 when routing notification is required, a unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server is obtained;
  • route announcements are made using route announcement messages, where the source IP carried in the route announcement messages is the acquired unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server.
  • route announcement method provided by the present disclosure is executed by the message transceiver device.
  • the "backup group” here refers to a backup group formed by multiple interfaces (or multiple sub-interfaces).
  • the “backup group” here refers to a backup group formed by multiple devices.
  • the source IP carried in the routing channel packet is the unique and fixed link local address in the acquired broadband remote access server, which is equivalent to using the unique and fixed link local address in the acquired broadband remote access server.
  • the link-local address encapsulates the route advertisement packet.
  • the triggering condition "when routing announcement is required" is not specifically limited.
  • step S120 may be specifically executed as the RA message in which the source IP carried by the scheduled multicast is the unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server.
  • step S120 may be executed to reply to the user terminal a downlink RA message carrying the source IP of the acquired unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server.
  • the user terminal may be a device such as a set-top box.
  • the unique and fixed link local address (usually the interface address or the device address) in the broadband remote access server is obtained as the source IP. Therefore, whether it is before the user terminal goes online , Still after the user terminal goes online, the source IP of the route announcement type message sent by the message transceiving device to the user terminal will not change, and the next hop address of the user terminal will not change.
  • the broadband remote access server for backup usually follows the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
  • VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
  • the user terminal After the user terminal receives the route announcement message sent by the message transceiver, it uses the VRRP protocol to determine the MAC address of the next hop. During learning, the learned next-hop MAC address is the virtual MAC of VRRP. Therefore, in the switch that the user terminal accesses, the switch uses virtual MAC forwarding to ensure that the user terminal's upstream traffic can be sent to the main interface (or main device). ) To realize the user terminal access to the IPv6 network. Since the uplink traffic of the user terminal can always be sent to the current main interface (or main device), it is ensured that the user terminal can stably access the IPv6 network and that the user terminal can be accurately billed.
  • VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
  • the link local address obtained in step S110 is not particularly limited, as long as it is a unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server.
  • step S110 specifically includes: obtaining a unique and fixed link local address in the backup group based on the granularity of the backup group.
  • the backup scenario of the broadband remote access server is not particularly limited.
  • the backup scenario of the BRAS may be a hot backup scenario based on the VRRPv4 protocol or a hot backup scenario based on VRRPv6. Prepare the scene.
  • the broadband remote access server is vBRAS
  • the backup scenario can be in the pool backup scenario.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the above three backup scenarios.
  • the backup scenario of the BRAS is a hot backup scenario based on the VRRPv4 protocol.
  • a Subscriber Information Backup (SIB, Subscriber Information Backup) instance is a backup group.
  • SIB Subscriber Information Backup
  • the link local address is the "unique and fixed link local address of the backup group". ".
  • the unique and fixed link local address of the backup group may include the link local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server.
  • the unique and fixed link-local address is used to set the IPv6 header of RA packets that are multicasted regularly under the current primary interface in the backup group of the BRAS before the user terminal goes online.
  • the source IP field is encapsulated (that is, the source IP is the unique and fixed link-local address), and the source MAC of the layer 2 header is encapsulated into a virtual MAC of VRRPv4. Therefore, no matter how the active and standby in the backup group change, the encapsulation mode of the RA message sent by the main interface under the corresponding SIB instance remains unchanged.
  • the fixed and unique link-local address is also used to encapsulate the source IP field of the IPv6 header of the RA message that the BRAS replies to the user terminal after the user terminal goes online for the first time (That is, the source IP is the unique and fixed link-local address).
  • the source MAC of the L2 header encapsulates the virtual MAC of the VRRP layer. No matter how the active and standby in the backup group change, the encapsulation mode of the RA message that the BRAS replies to the user terminal under this SIB instance remains unchanged.
  • the BRAS replies to the user's NA message with the source MAC of the Layer 2 header and the target link-layer address in ICMPv6 (Target link-layer address) Both are the virtual MACs of VRRP.
  • the BRAS replies to the user's advertise, reply and other packets in the Layer 2 header source MAC and IPv6 header source IP encapsulation method Keep the same as the RA packet encapsulation method.
  • the discovery gateway of the user terminal can only be the link local address configured under the SIB instance to which the user terminal belongs, so that the user terminal's uplink traffic can always be sent to the backup group Main interface.
  • the BRAS backup scenario is a hot backup scenario based on the VRRPv6 protocol.
  • the unique and fixed link local address of the backup group includes the virtual IP address of the VRRPv6 protocol associated with the user terminal or the link local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server.
  • the SIB instance to which a single-stack or dual-stack BRASv6 user terminal belongs is associated with the VRRPv6 group, and the BRAS access module used to process user terminal online messages in the BRAS senses VRRPv6 virtual IP, and the VRRPv6 protocol requires that the virtual IP must be a link local address. Therefore, in a hot backup scenario based on the VRRPv6 protocol, the virtual IP address of the VRRPv6 associated with the user terminal can be directly used as the only and unique in each backup group. Fixed link local address.
  • the virtual IP address of the VRRPv6 protocol associated with the user terminal or the priority of the link local address under the SIB instance of the backup group can be used to determine the unique and fixed value of the backup group in step S110.
  • Link-local address
  • the priority of the link local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server can be set to be higher than the virtual IP address of the VRRPv6 protocol associated with the user terminal.
  • the only one of the backup group And the fixed link local address includes the link local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server.
  • the discovery gateway of the user terminal can only be the link-local address configured under the SIB instance. Therefore, the uplink traffic of the user terminal can always be sent to the master device.
  • the unique and fixed link-local address is used to encapsulate the source IP field of the IPv6 header of the RA message that is regularly multicast under the current main interface before the user terminal goes online.
  • the source MAC of the Layer 2 header is encapsulated into a virtual MAC of VRRPv6. No matter how the active and standby changes, the encapsulation mode of the RA message sent by the main interface of the corresponding SIB instance remains unchanged.
  • the BRAS replies to the user terminal through the message transceiving device.
  • the source IP field of the IPv6 header of the RA message of the user terminal is all encapsulated by the unique and fixed link-local address.
  • the source MAC of the L2 header encapsulates the virtual MAC of the VRRP layer. Regardless of how the active and standby changes, the RA message encapsulation mode of the BRAS standby reply to the user under the corresponding SIB instance remains unchanged.
  • the BRAS replies to the user through the message transceiving device the source MAC of the NA message Layer 2 header and the target link layer address in ICMPv6. Both are the virtual MACs of VRRP.
  • the BRAS replies to the user's advertise, reply and other packets in the Layer 2 header source MAC and IPv6 header source IP encapsulation method Keep the same as the RA packet encapsulation method.
  • the broadband remote access server includes vBRAS.
  • the backup scenario of vBRAS includes an UP pool backup scenario.
  • the unique and fixed link local address of the backup group includes the link local address of the backup group configured on the vBRAS control plane.
  • the control plane (CP) and forwarding plane (UP) of vBRAS are deployed separately, and the UP backup group is managed and configured on the vBRAS control plane.
  • Each backup group manages a group (2 or more) interfaces.
  • the control plane of vBRAS will assign a certain number of virtual MACs to each backup group. For a backup group, all interfaces in the group will evenly distribute the virtual MAC of the group.
  • a user terminal can only interact with a certain number of virtual MACs in the group.
  • Each virtual MAC forms a one-to-one correspondence. On which interface the virtual MAC forming the relationship is allocated, this interface is the user online interface.
  • the virtual MAC under the group will be reallocated at any time according to the number of available interfaces under the group, so that users will be evenly distributed among the interfaces under the group and the interfaces are mutually backup.
  • This solution is called "UP pooled backup", or “UP pool backup” for short.
  • the link-local addresses of multiple physical interfaces in the backup group logically form a configurable link-local address, which cooperates with the ARP notification of the backup group interface MAC update, no matter which interface the user terminal is in the backup group
  • the gateway discovered by the user terminal can only be the link local address configured under the backup group, so the uplink traffic of the user terminal can always be sent to the main device.
  • the source IP field of the IPv6 header of the RA message that is periodically multicast on the interface of each device is encapsulated by the link local address, and the source MAC of the layer 2 header is encapsulated into any virtual MAC allocated under the interface.
  • the source IP field of the IPv6 header of the RA message that the BRAS replies to the user through the message transceiver device is encapsulated by the link local address, and the source MAC of the layer 2 header is encapsulated It is a virtual MAC that forms a one-to-one correspondence with the user. No matter how the virtual MAC allocation interface under the backup group changes, the encapsulation mode of RA packets remains unchanged.
  • the message transceiver device replies to the NA message of the user terminal.
  • the source MAC and the target link layer address in ICMPv6 form a one-to-one correspondence with the user.
  • Virtual MAC in order to ensure the consistency of multiple protocol interactions, in the DHCPv6 interaction between the BRAS and the user, the BRAS replies to the user’s announcements, replies and other packets in the Layer 2 header source MAC and IPv6 header source IP encapsulation mode to maintain and RA report
  • the encapsulation method is the same.
  • a message transceiving device is provided.
  • the message transceiving device is used in an IPv6 network, wherein, as shown in FIG. 2, the message transceiving device includes an address specifying module 210 and a route notification Module 220.
  • the routing device provided in the present disclosure is used to execute the route announcement method provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the address specifying module 210 is used to perform step S110, that is, the address specifying module 210 is used to perform route announcements when needed.
  • the route announcement module 220 is used to perform step S120, that is, the route announcement module 220 is used to perform route announcements using route announcement messages, wherein the route The source IP carried in the notification packet is the unique and fixed link local address in the acquired broadband remote access server.
  • the route announcement message can be an RA message that is multicasted before the user terminal goes online, or it can be the downlink RA message that the user terminal replies to when the user terminal goes online for the first time or after the user terminal goes online. Text.
  • the address specifying module 210 is configured to use the link local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server as The unique and fixed link-local address of the backup group.
  • the address specifying module 210 is configured to use the virtual IP address of the VRRPv6 associated with the user terminal as the backup group The unique and fixed link-local address of the backup group, or the link-local address configured under the information backup instance of the subscription server as the unique and fixed link-local address of the backup group.
  • the backup scenario of the backup group is a pool backup scenario
  • the address specifying module 210 is used to use the link local address of the backup group configured on the vBRAS control plane as the backup group Unique and fixed link local address.
  • the address specifying module 210 may use the link local address under the pool backup group to which the user perceives by the BRAS access module for processing user terminal online messages as the unique and fixed link local address of the backup group .
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores an executable program, and the executable program can execute the above-mentioned route notification method provided by the present disclosure.
  • the computer-readable storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-volatile, removable and non-volatile memory devices implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data).
  • the media cannot be removed.
  • Computer-readable storage media include but are not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage media, Or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • a network system includes a broadband remote server and the foregoing message transceiving device provided by the present disclosure.
  • the message transceiving device can be integrated with the broadband remote server.
  • the network system includes two BRAS 300, two switches 500 are connected to each BRAS 300, and a user terminal 400 is corresponding to each switch 500.
  • the network system further includes a core router 600.
  • the BRAS 300 delivers the route announcement message to the user terminal 400.
  • the following describes how to configure a fixed and unique link-local address for the backup group based on specific scenarios.
  • the two BRASs form a backup group, and the same chain is configured under the SIB group on the two BRASs that form the backup (for ease of description, hereinafter referred to as device 1 and device 2)
  • the path-local address is used as the "fixed and unique link-local address".
  • the broadband remote access server is vBRASv6
  • the vBRAS control plane can logically combine the SIB instances of the two devices into a management group, configure the "fixed and unique" link local address under the management group of the vBRAS control plane .
  • the specific implementation can be as follows:
  • the broadband remote access server is vBRAS
  • the specific implementation can be as follows:
  • the unique and fixed link local address in the broadband remote access server is obtained as the source IP. Therefore, whether it is before the user terminal goes online or after the user terminal goes online, in the backup group
  • the source IP of the route advertisement packets sent by the network access device (which can be the main device or the main interface, or the backup device or the backup interface) to the user terminal will not change, and the next hop address of the user terminal will not change. Will change.
  • the multi-machine backup of multi-network access equipment usually follows the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
  • VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
  • the user terminal After the user terminal receives the encapsulated route advertisement message sent by the router, it uses the VRRP protocol to set the MAC address of the next hop. In address learning, the learned next-hop MAC address is the virtual MAC of VRRP. Therefore, in the switch that the user terminal accesses, the switch uses virtual MAC forwarding to ensure that the uplink traffic of the user terminal can be sent to the main device to realize the user The terminal accesses the network. Since the uplink traffic of the user terminal can always be sent to the current master device, it is ensured that the user terminal can stably access the network and that the user terminal can be accurately billed.
  • VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

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Abstract

一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法，所述路由通告方法包括：需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址(S110)；利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址(S120)。

Description

用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法、装置、存储介质和系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201910973902.6、申请日为2019年10月14日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，具体地，涉及一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法、执行该路由通告方法的报文收发装置、一种计算机可读存储介质和一种网络系统。
背景技术
随着IPv6网络和虚拟化技术的发展，在IPv6业务的部署中，运营商越来越重视设备的高可靠性。
对于利用宽带远程接入服务器(BRAS，Broadband Remote Acess Server)或者虚拟宽带远程接入服务器(vBRAS，virtual Broadband Remote Acess Server)作为网络接入设备的情况中，在热备场景或池备场景下，用户终端接入网络中时常出现流量计费异常或者无法正常接入IPv6网络的情况。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法、执行该路由通告方法的报文收发装置、一种计算机可读存储介质和一种网络系统。利用所述路由通告方法可以使得用户终端正常接入IPv6网络。
为了实现上述目的，作为本公开的一个方面，提供一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法，所述路由通告方法包括：需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
作为本公开的第二个方面，提供一种报文收发装置，所述报文收发装置用于IPv6网络，其中，所述报文收发装置包括：地址指定模块，所述地址指定模块用于在需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；路由通告模块，所述路由通告模块用于利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
作为本公开的第三个方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有可执行程序，所述可执行程序能够执行本公开所提供的上述路由通告方法。
作为本公开的第四个方面，提供一种网络系统，所述网络系统包括宽带远程接入服务器和报文收发装置，且所述报文收发装置为本公开所提供的上述报文收发装置。
此外，在本公开所提供的路由方法中，无需对用户终端发送的上行报文进行处理，简化了数据处理的步骤。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是本公开所提供的路由通告方法的一种实施方式的流程图；
图2是本公开所提供的报文收发装置的一种实施方式的模块示意图；
图3是本公开所提供的网络系统的一种实施方式的模块示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中所提到的“宽带远程接入服务器”可以是BRAS，也可以是vBRAS。
经本公开的发明人反复研究发现，相关技术中，用户终端无法正常接入网络的原因在于：
在通过宽带远程接入服务器接入IPv6网络时，用户终端的下一跳发现是通过网络接入设备发送的路由通告(RA，Router Advertise)报文来获取的。具体地，用户的下一跳发现是获取到RA报文的源链路本地地址(LLA，Link Local Address)。源LLA地址是通过预定算法(例如，EUI-64算法)对接口的MAC进行运算生成，不同接口的MAC地址一般不同。在宽带远程接入服务器进行多备份组备份的前提下，用户终端第一次上线发现的网关和用户终端在备份切换后发现的网关必须保持一致，否则在备份切换后或者还未发生备份切换时，备接口(或备设备)的下一跳RA报文会导致用户终端接收到多条优先级相同的默认路由，用户终端的上行流量可能会发往备接口(或备设备)，从而导致用户终端使用的流量的计费异常，或者导致用户终端的上行流量不通。
有鉴于此，作为本公开的一个方面，提供一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法，其中，所述路由通告方法包括：
在步骤S110中，需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；
在步骤S120中，利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
需要指出的是，本公开所提供的路由通告方法由报文收发装置所执行的。
对于BRAS而言，此处的“备份组”是指多个接口(或多个子接口)形成的备份组。对于vBRAS而言，此处的“备份组”是指多个设备形成的备份组。
在步骤S120中，路由通道类报文中携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址，相当于利用获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路 本地地址对路由通告类报文进行封装。
在本公开中，“需要进行路由通告时”这一触发条件不做特殊的限定。
例如，“需要进行路由通告时”可以是用户终端上线前，周期性地组播路由公告类报文的时机，相应地，“路由通告类报文”包括用户终端上线前报文收发装置定时组播的RA报文。此时，步骤S120可以具体执行为定时组播携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址的RA报文。
再例如，“需要进行路由公告时”还可以是用户终端第一次上线和用户终端上线后，报文收发装置需要回复给用户终端的下行路由通告的时机，相应地，所述路由公告类报文为用户终端第一次上线时和用户终端上线后，需要回复给用户终端的下行RA报文。此时，步骤S120可以执行为将携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址的下行RA报文回复给用户终端。
在本公开中，所述用户终端可以是机顶盒等设备。
在本公开所提供的路由通告方法中，获取到宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址(通常为接口地址，或者设备地址)作为源IP，因此，无论是在用户终端上线前、还是在用户终端上线后，报文收发装置发送给用户终端的路由通告类报文的源IP均不会发生变化，用户终端的下一跳地址不会发生变化。
宽带远程接入服务器进行备份通常遵循虚拟路由冗余协议(VRRP，Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)，用户终端接收到报文收发装置发送的路由通告类报文后，借助VRRP协议，在下一跳的MAC地址学习中，学习到的下一跳MAC地址为VRRP的虚拟MAC，因此，在用户终端接入的交换机中，交换机通过虚拟MAC转发，确保可以将用户终端的上行流量发送给主接口(或主设备)，实现用户终端接入IPv6网络。由于用户终端的上行流量总能发送至当前的主接口(或主设备)，从而确保用户终端能够稳定地接入IPv6网络，并且确保可以对用户终端进行准确的流量计费。
此外，在本公开所提供的路由通告方法中，无需对用户终端发送的上行报文进行处理，简化了数据处理的步骤。
在本公开中，对步骤S110中获取到的链路本地地址不做特殊限定，只要是宽带远程接入服务器中的、唯一且固定的链路本地地址即可。
作为一种实施方式，步骤S110具体包括：基于备份组粒度，获取该备份组中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
在本公开中，对宽带远程接入服务器的备份场景不做特殊的限定，例如，当宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS时，BRAS的备份场景可以为基于VRRPv4协议的热备场景或者基于VRRPv6的热备场景。当宽带远程接入服务器为vBRAS时，备份场景可以为池备场景中。当然，本公开并不限于上述三种备份场景。
作为第一种实施方式，BRAS的备份场景为基于VRRPv4协议的热备场景。需要指出的 是，在基于VRRPv4协议的热备场景中，一个订阅服务器信息备份(SIB，Subscriber Information Backup)实例为一个备份组。为了获得所述“唯一且固定的链路本地地址”，需要在BRAS的SIB组下配置相同的链路本地地址，该链路本地地址即为该备份组的“唯一且固定的链路本地地址”。相应地，在步骤S110中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址可以包括配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址。
在上述第一种实施方式中，所述唯一且固定的链路本地地址用于在用户终端上线前，对BRAS的备份组中的当前主接口下定时组播的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段封装(即，使得所述源IP为所述唯一且固定的链路本地地址)，二层头的源MAC封装成VRRPv4的虚拟MAC。因此，无论备份组中主备如何变化，相应的SIB实例下主接口发送定时组播的RA报文的封装方式保持不变。
在上述第一种实施方式中，所述固定且唯一的链路本地地址还用于在用户终端第一次上线后，对BRAS回复用户终端的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段进行封装(即，得所述源IP为所述唯一且固定的链路本地地址)。二层头的源MAC封装层VRRP的虚拟MAC。无论备份组中主备如何变化，该SIB实例下BRAS回复用户终端的RA报文的封装方式保持不变。
在上述实施方式中，由于用户终端对网关的MAC学习(NS/NA)过程中，BRAS回复用户的NA报文二层头源MAC和ICMPv6中的目标链路层地址(Target link-layer address)都是VRRP的虚拟MAC。为保证多种协议交互的一致性，BRAS和用户终端的DHCPv6交互中，BRAS回复用户的通告(advertise)、回复(reply)等报文的二层头源MAC和IPv6头部的源IP封装方式保持和RA报文封装方式一致。
借助于VRRPv4协议中主备选择机制和主备切换机制，用户终端的发现网关只能是该用户终端所属的SIB实例下配置链路本地地址，使得用户终端的上行流量始终能发送至备份组中的主接口。
作为宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS时的第二种实施方式，BRAS的备份的场景为基于VRRPv6协议的热备场景。相应地，在步骤S110中，备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括用户终端关联的VRRPv6协议的虚拟IP地址或者配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址。
需要指出的是，在基于VRRPv6协议的热备场景中，单栈或者双栈的BRASv6用户终端所属的SIB实例关联的是VRRPv6组，BRAS中用于处理用户终端上线报文的BRAS接入模块感知VRRPv6的虚拟IP，而VRRPv6的协议要求虚拟IP必须是链路本地地址，因此，在基于VRRPv6协议的热备场景中，可以直接将用户终端关联的VRRPv6的虚拟IP地址作为各个备份组中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
在本公开中，可以通过为用户终端关联的VRRPv6协议的虚拟IP地址或者所述备份组的SIB实例下的链路本地地址的优先级的方式确定步骤S110中所述的备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
作为一种实施方式，可以将配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址的优先级设置为高于用户终端关联的VRRPv6协议的虚拟IP地址，在步骤S110中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址。
借助于VRRPv6协议的主备选择和切换机制，用户终端的发现网关只能是SIB实例下配置的链路本地地址，因此，用户终端的上行流量始终能够发送至主设备。
在上述第二个实施方式中，所述唯一且固定的链路本地地址用于在用户终端上线前，当前主接口下定时组播的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段封装。二层头的源MAC封装成VRRPv6的虚拟MAC。无论主备如何变化，相应的SIB实例下主接口发送定时组播的RA报文的封装方式保持不变。并且，当用户终端第一次上线和用户终端上线后，BRAS通过报文收发装置回复用户终端的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段均由所述唯一且固定的链路本地地址封装，二层头的源MAC封装层VRRP的虚拟MAC。无论主备如何变化，相应的SIB实例下BRAS备回复用户的RA报文封装方式保持不变。
此外，在上述实施方式中，用户终端对网关的MAC学习(NS/NA)过程中，BRAS通过报文收发装置回复给用户的NA报文二层头源MAC和ICMPv6中的目标链路层地址都是VRRP的虚拟MAC。为保证多种协议交互的一致性，BRAS和用户终端的DHCPv6交互中，BRAS回复用户的通告(advertise)、回复(reply)等报文的二层头源MAC和IPv6头部的源IP封装方式保持和RA报文封装方式一致。
作为本公开的第三种实施方式，宽带远程接入服务器包括vBRAS，相应地，vBRAS的备份场景包括UP池备场景。在步骤S110中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括配置在vBRAS控制面上的该备份组的链路本地地址。
vBRAS的控制面(CP)和转发面(UP)分离部署，在vBRAS控制面上管理和配置UP备份组。每个备份组下管理一组(2个或2个以上)接口。vBRAS的控制面会给每个备份组分配一定数量的虚拟MAC，对于一个备份组来说，组下所有接口平均分配该组的虚拟MAC，根据一定的算法某个用户终端只能和组下的某个虚拟MAC形成一一对应关系。形成关系的虚拟MAC分配在哪个接口，该接口就是用户上线接口。组下的虚拟MAC会根据组下可用接口的数量随时重新分配，这样用户就会平均分配在组下的接口中且接口间互为备份。这种方案我们称为“UP池化备份”，简称“UP池备”。
在该实施方式中，备份组下的多个物理接口的链路本地地址逻辑成一个可配置的链路本地地址，配合备份组接口MAC更新的ARP通告，无论用户终端在备份组下的哪个接口上线，用户终端发现的网关只能是备份组下配置的链路本地地址，所以用户终端的上行流量始终能够发送至主设备。
在UP池备场景中，各备份组中的设备之间无主备之分，每个设备的接口都会发送RA。每个设备的接口的定时组播的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段均由所述链路本地地址封装，二层头的源MAC封装成接口下分配的任一虚拟MAC。
用户终端第一次上线和用户终端上线后，BRAS通过报文收发装置回复给用户的RA报文的IPv6头部的源IP字段均由所述链路本地地址封装，二层头的源MAC封装成和用户形成一一对应关系的虚拟MAC。无论备份组下的虚拟MAC分配的接口如何变化，RA报文的封装方式不变。
用户终端对网关的MAC学习(NS/NA)过程中，报文收发装置回复用户终端的NA报文二层头源MAC和ICMPv6中的目标链路层地址都是和用户形成一一对应关系的虚拟MAC，为保证多种协议交互的一致性，BRAS和用户的DHCPv6交互中，BRAS回复用户的通告、回复等报文的二层头源MAC和IPv6头部的源IP封装方式保持和RA报文封装方式一致。
作为本公开的第二个方面，提供一种报文收发装置，该报文收发装置用于IPv6网络，其中，如图2所示，所述报文收发装置包括地址指定模块210、和路由通告模块220。
本公开所提供的路由装置用于执行本公开第一个方面所提供的路由通告方法，具体地：地址指定模块210用于执行步骤S110，即，地址指定模块210用于在需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；路由通告模块220用于执行步骤S120，即，路由通告模块220用于利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
上文中已经对所述路由通告方法的工作原理以及有益效果进行了详细的描述，这里不再赘述。
如上文中所述，所述路由通告类报文可以为用户终端上线前定时组播的RA报文，也可以为用户终端第一次上线时，或者用户终端上线后回复给用户终端的下行RA报文。
可选地，当宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS时、备份组的备份场景为基于VRRPv4协议的热备场景时，地址指定模块210用于将配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址作为所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
可选地，当宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS时、备份组的备份场景为基于VRRPv6协议的热备场景时，地址指定模块210用于将用户终端关联的VRRPv6的虚拟IP地址作为所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址，或者将配置在订阅服务器信息备份实例下的链路本地地址作为备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
可选地，当宽带远程接入服务器为vBRAS时，备份组的备份场景为池备场景，地址指定模块210用于将配置在vBRAS控制面上的备份组的链路本地地址作为该备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。具体地，地址指定模块210可以将用于处理用户终端上线报文的BRAS接入模块感知到的用户所属池备组下的链路本地地址作为所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
作为本公开的第三个方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有可执行程序，所述可执行程序能够执行本公开所提供的上述路由通告方法。
其中，计算机可读存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、 程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储介质、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。
作为本公开的第四个方面，提供一种网络系统，该网络系统包括宽带远程服务器和本公开所提供的上述报文收发装置。
可选地，报文收发装置可以与宽带远程服务器集成在一起。
如图3所示，所述网络系统包括两个BRAS 300，每台BRAS 300下都挂有两个交换机500，每个交换机500下都对应有用户终端400。
在图3中所示的实施方式中，网络系统还包括核心路由器600。BRAS 300将路由通告报文下发至用户终端400。
下面结合具体场景介绍如何为备份组配置固定且唯一的链路本地地址。
当宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS时，两个BRAS形成备份组，在形成备份的两个BRAS(为了便于描述，下文中称之为设备1和设备2)上的SIB组下配置一个相同的链路本地地址，作为所述“固定且唯一的链路本地地址”。具体实现方式可以如下：
设备1配置：
sib-instance 1
default-gateway fe80::1/10
设备2配置：
sib-instance 1
default-gateway fe80::1/10
当宽带远程接入服务器为vBRASv6时，由于vBRAS控制面可以将两台设备的SIB实例逻辑成一个管理组，所以在vBRAS控制面的管理组下配置所述“固定且唯一”的链路本地地址，具体实现方式可以如下：
在vBRAS控制面配置：
Figure PCTCN2020113810-appb-000001
当宽带远程接入服务器为vBRAS时，在池备场景中，可以在vBRAS控制面上给每个池 备组配置链路本地地址，具体实现可以如下：
vBRAS控制器配置
Figure PCTCN2020113810-appb-000002
在本公开所提供的路由方法中，获取到了宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址作为源IP，因此，无论是在用户终端上线前、还是在用户终端上线后，备份组中的网络接入设备(可以是主设备或者主接口，也可以是备设备或者备接口)发送给用户终端的路由通告类报文的源IP均不会发生变化，用户终端的下一跳地址不会发生变化。
多网络接入设备进行多机备份通常遵循虚拟路由冗余协议(VRRP，Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)，用户终端接收到路由器发送的经封装的路由通告报文后，借助VRRP协议，在下一跳的MAC地址学习中，学习到的下一跳MAC地址为VRRP的虚拟MAC，因此，在用户终端接入的交换机中，交换机通过虚拟MAC转发，确保可以将用户终端的上行流量发送给主设备，实现用户终端接入网络。由于用户终端的上行流量总能发送至当前的主设备，从而确保用户终端能够稳定地接入网络，并且确保可以对用户终端进行准确的流量计费。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于IPv6网络的路由通告方法，包括：
    需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；
    利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的路由通告方法，其中，
    所述路由通告类报文包括用户终端上线前定时组播的RA报文，所述利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告包括定时组播携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址的RA报文；和/或
    所述路由通告类报文包括用户终端第一次上线时或者用户终端上线后回复给用户终端的下行RA报文，所述利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告包括将携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址的下行RA报文回复给用户终端。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的路由通告方法，其中，获取宽带远程接入服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址的步骤包括：
    基于备份组粒度，获取该备份组中唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的路由通告方法，其中，所述宽带远程接入服务器包括BRAS，所述BRAS的备份场景包括基于VRRPv4协议的热备场景，在基于备份组粒度获取该备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址作为源IP的步骤中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括配置在订阅服务器信息备份SIB实例下的链路本地地址。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的路由通告方法，其中，所述宽带远程接入服务器为BRAS，所述BRAS的备份场景包括基于VRRPv6协议的热备场景，在基于备份组粒度获取该备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址作为源IP的步骤中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括用户终端关联的VRRPv6的虚拟IP地址或者配置在SIB实例下的链路本地地址。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的路由通过方法，其中，在基于备份组粒度获取该备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址作为源IP的步骤中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括配置在SIB实例下的链路本地地址。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的路由通告方法，其中，所述宽带远程接入服务器为vBRAS，所述vBRAS的备份场景包括UP池备场景，在基于备份组粒度获取该备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址作为源IP的步骤中，所述备份组的唯一且固定的链路本地地址包括配置在vBRAS控制面上的该备份组的链路本地地址。
  8. 一种报文收发装置，所述报文收发装置用于IPv6网络，其中，所述报文收发装置包括：
    地址指定模块，所述地址指定模块用于在需要进行路由通告时，获取宽带远程服务器中唯一且固定的链路本地地址；
    路由通告模块，所述路由通告模块用于利用路由通告类报文进行路由通告，其中，所述路由通告类报文携带的源IP为获取到的宽带远程接入服务器中的唯一且固定的链路本地地址。
  9. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有可执行程序，其中，所述可执行程序能够执行权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的路由通告方法。
  10. 一种网络系统，包括宽带远程接入服务器和报文收发装置，其中，所述报文收发装置为权利要求8所述的报文收发装置。
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