WO2021070377A1 - Power reception device, battery unit, electric power unit and work machine - Google Patents

Power reception device, battery unit, electric power unit and work machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021070377A1
WO2021070377A1 PCT/JP2019/040294 JP2019040294W WO2021070377A1 WO 2021070377 A1 WO2021070377 A1 WO 2021070377A1 JP 2019040294 W JP2019040294 W JP 2019040294W WO 2021070377 A1 WO2021070377 A1 WO 2021070377A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
battery
battery unit
receiving device
power receiving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/040294
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智勇 金子
中田　泰弘
榎本　貴行
亨 結城
Original Assignee
本田技研工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 本田技研工業株式会社 filed Critical 本田技研工業株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2019/040294 priority Critical patent/WO2021070377A1/en
Priority to DE112019007804.6T priority patent/DE112019007804T5/en
Publication of WO2021070377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021070377A1/en
Priority to US17/712,603 priority patent/US20220223925A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
    • B23B45/02—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor driven by electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention mainly relates to a power receiving device and a battery unit.
  • Patent Document 1 describes the configuration of an electric work machine (power tool) in which a plurality of battery units (battery packs) are individually electrically connected.
  • the work machine main body is provided with a plurality of connection portions for electrically connecting a plurality of battery units.
  • any battery unit may be electrically connected to the plurality of connections described above, that is, the battery unit removed from the work machine body can be arbitrarily replaced with another battery unit having the same configuration. is there.
  • each battery unit is equipped with a processor for controlling its power supply function. This is relatively simple because it may be necessary for the processor to properly detect which of the multiple connections the battery unit is electrically connected to in order to achieve proper control of this power supply function. Technology is required to realize this with a flexible configuration.
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to a power receiving device, and the power receiving device is a power receiving device configured to be able to receive power from a plurality of battery units each including a processor for controlling a power feeding function.
  • Each of the battery units is provided with a plurality of connections that can be electrically connected to each other, and the plurality of connections correspond to the plurality of battery units when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each of the plurality of connections. It is characterized in that it is configured so that the voltages supplied to the processors have different values from each other.
  • the block diagram which shows the configuration example of the electric work machine.
  • the circuit block diagram which shows the structural example of the battery unit and the power receiving device.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration example of the work machine 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the work machine 1 includes a work mechanism 11, an electric motor 12, a battery unit 13, and a power receiving device 14, and uses the power of the battery unit 13 to perform a predetermined work by the work mechanism 11 (for example, a trowell, a sweeper, etc.). And.
  • the work mechanism 11 executes the above work based on the power (rotation) generated by the electric motor 12.
  • the battery units 13 are configured to be capable of storing electric power, and in the present embodiment, a plurality of battery units 13 are arranged side by side.
  • the power receiving device 14 has a built-in PDU (Power Drive Unit) or the like, converts the electric power received from the battery unit 13 into a predetermined mode, and supplies the electric power to the electric motor 12.
  • PDU Power Drive Unit
  • the work equipment 1 may be further provided with an electric device such as a display device and a light source device as another power supply target.
  • the configuration of the work machine 1 is not limited to the above example, and various changes may be made without departing from the purpose. Further, the electric motor 12, the battery unit 13, and the power receiving device 14 may be unitized separately from the working mechanism 11, so that the electric motor 12, the battery unit 13, and the power receiving device 14 can be used as an electric power unit PU in various applications.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing a system configuration example of the battery unit 13 and the power receiving device 14.
  • two battery units 13 are arranged side by side, and for distinction, one of them is referred to as “battery unit 13a” and the other is referred to as “battery unit 13b”.
  • the battery unit 13a includes a battery (battery body) 130a, a processor 131a, a communication unit 132a, a regulator 133a, a plurality of resistance elements 136a, R1a and R2a, a plurality of switch elements 134a, 135a and 137a, and a rectifying element D1a.
  • the battery unit 13a is configured by unitizing these elements 130a and the like, and the housing thereof is provided with terminal groups T1a to T4a for electrically connecting the battery unit 13a to the power receiving device 14.
  • the battery 130a outputs a DC (Direct Current) voltage of 48 [V] in the present embodiment, and is typically configured by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, but is composed of a single battery cell. May be good.
  • the power supply line on the positive electrode side of the battery 130a is indicated by the wire VH13a
  • the power supply line on the negative electrode side is indicated by the wire VL13a.
  • the power line VL13a is electrically connected to the terminal T1a.
  • the processor 131a is an electronic component (for example, a semiconductor package) for controlling the power supply function of the battery 130a, although the details will be described later.
  • the processor 131a may be a semiconductor device such as an ASIC (integrated circuit for a specific application) or a PLD (programmable logic device), but may be configured by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory so that the same function can be realized. .. That is, the function of the processor 131a can be realized by either hardware or software.
  • the communication unit 132a is an electronic component configured to be able to communicate with an element outside the battery unit 13a via the terminal T4a, and is externally communicated with the processor 131a by mutual communication with the processor 131a as shown by a broken line in the figure. Is feasible.
  • the regulator 133a outputs a predetermined voltage (here 3.3 [V]) to the line VH13a'based on the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (here 48 [V]).
  • the resistance elements R1a and R2a are connected in series between the wire VH13a'and the wire VH13a'electrically connected to the terminal T2a. The details will be described later, but the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a , A partial pressure will be generated based on their resistance ratio.
  • switch element 134a a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor is used in the present embodiment, and its gate terminal is electrically connected to the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a. Further, the drain terminal is electrically connected to the line VH13a', and the source terminal is electrically connected to the processor 131a.
  • MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a are connected in series between the power supply line VH13a and the line VH13a réelle electrically connected to the terminal T3a.
  • the switch element 137a is connected in parallel to the switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a connected in series. That is, the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (here, 48 [V]) can be output from the terminal T3a via the switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a and / or via the switch element 137a.
  • a known high withstand voltage transistor may be used for the switch elements 135a and 137a.
  • the rectifying element D1a is arranged so that the anode is electrically connected to the wire VH13a (terminal T1a) and the cathode is electrically connected to the wire VH13a réelle (terminal T3a).
  • the battery unit 13b has the same configuration as the above-mentioned battery unit 13a, that is, includes elements 130b and the like corresponding to the above-mentioned elements 130a and the like.
  • the battery 130b is configured like the battery 130a
  • the processor 131b is configured like the processor 131a
  • the communication unit 132b is configured like the communication unit 132a
  • the regulator 133b is configured like the regulator 133a, respectively. Will be done.
  • the resistance elements 136b, R1b and R2b are configured in the same manner as the resistance elements 136a, R1a and R2a, respectively, and the switch elements 134b, 135b and 137b are configured in the same manner as the switch elements 134a, 135a and 137a, respectively. Will be done.
  • the lines VH13b, VH13b Cincinnati, VL13b, VH13b'and VH13b "in the figure correspond to VH13a, VH13a réelle, VL13a, VH13a'and VH13a", respectively.
  • the rectifying element D1b is configured and arranged in the same manner as the rectifying element D1a.
  • the housing of the battery unit 13b is provided with terminal groups T1b to T4b that enable the battery unit 13b to be electrically connected to the power receiving device 14, and these correspond to the terminal groups T1a to T4a.
  • the power receiving device 14 includes a capacitor 140, a control unit 141, a communication unit 142, resistance elements R3a and R3b, switch elements 143a and 143b, and a start switch 145.
  • the power receiving device 14 is configured by unitizing these elements 140 and the like, and the housing thereof is provided with terminal groups T5a to T8a and T5b to T8b for electrically connecting the battery units 13a and 13b.
  • the terminal groups T1a to T4a are electrically connected to the terminal groups T5a to T8a, and the terminal groups T1b to T4b are electrically connected to the terminal groups T5b to T8b, respectively.
  • the terminal groups T5a to T8a together with the resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a form a connection portion 144a capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13a.
  • the terminal groups T5b to T8b together with the resistance element R3b and the switch element 143b form a connecting portion 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13b.
  • the capacitor 140 is provided between the wire VH14 electrically connected to the terminal T7b and the wire VL14 electrically connected to the terminal T5a, and can hold the voltage received from the battery unit 13a (and 13b).
  • the control unit 141 controls the entire power receiving device 14, and can communicate with each of the processors 131a and 131b, for example, although details will be described later.
  • the function of the control unit 141 can be realized by any of hardware and software as well as the processor 131a and the like. Further, the control unit 141 further has a function as a PDU, and can convert the voltage held in the capacitor 140 into a predetermined mode and supply it to the electric motor 12.
  • the communication unit 142 is an electronic component configured to be able to communicate with the communication units 132a and 132b via the terminals T8a and T8b, respectively, and is a control unit by mutual communication with the control unit 141 as shown by a broken line in the figure. It enables 141 external communications to be realized. According to such a connection mode, mutual communication between the communication units 132a and 132b is also possible. This also allows, for example, the processor 131a of the battery unit 13a to output an instruction signal (or instruction command) to the processor 131b of the battery unit 13b to directly control the power supply function of the battery unit 13b. ..
  • the resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a are connected in series between the terminals T5a and T6a.
  • a bipolar transistor is used for the switch element 143a in this embodiment, and the base terminal can be controlled by the control unit 141.
  • a connection portion 144a capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13a is formed.
  • a predetermined voltage is generated in the wire VH13a ”.
  • the voltage between the lines VH13a'and VL13a and the resistance values of the resistance elements R1a, R2a and R3a can be determined.
  • the resistance element R3b and the switch element 143b are connected in series between the terminals T5b and T6b.
  • a bipolar transistor is used for the switch element 143b in this embodiment, and the base terminal can be controlled by the control unit 141. With such a configuration, a connecting portion 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13b is formed.
  • the start switch 145 is connected in parallel to the resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a connected in series.
  • the start switch 145 is a pressing type switch, that is, it is in a conductive state while it is being pressed, and is in a non-conducting state while it is not being pressed.
  • a voltage determined by the voltage between the wires VH13a'and VL13a and the resistance values of the resistance elements R1a and R2a is generated between the wires VH13a "and VL13a.
  • the start switch 145 is described as a part of the power receiving device 1, but it may be provided as a separate body outside the device 1.
  • the start switch 145 is the battery unit 13a and the connection portion. It may be externally attached to the electrical path between 144a (that is, between the connection between the terminals T1a and T5a and the connection between the terminals T2a and T6a).
  • the battery units 13a and 13b can be electrically connected to the power receiving device 14 (to the connection portions 144a and 144b, respectively). Details will be described later, but in this system configuration, the battery units 13a and 13b are connected in series and electrically connected to the power receiving device 14. Further, as described above, since the battery units 13a and 13b have the same configuration, they can be exchanged with each other, or one / both of them have the same configuration as another battery unit (new /). It can be replaced with a charged battery unit).
  • the power supply lines VL13a and VL14 (terminals T1a and T5a) are fixed / grounded to the ground voltage (0 [V]).
  • the voltage described below generally indicates a potential difference between two elements (terminals, nodes, etc.), but may indicate a potential difference from this ground voltage for ease of description.
  • the battery units 13a and 13b and the power feeding device 14 are all in the hibernation state. That is, the processors 131a and 131b, the communication units 132a and 132b, the control unit 141, and the communication unit 142 are all in a dormant state, and the switch elements 135a, 137a, 143a, 135b, 137b and 143b, and the start switch 145 are all in a dormant state. Are all non-conducting states.
  • the activation of the work machine 1 is realized by pressing the start switch 145 by a user (owner of the work machine 1 or the like).
  • the start switch 145 becomes conductive by pressing, so that the wire VH13a "(terminals T2a and T6a) has the same potential as the power supply wire VL13a (terminals T1a and T5a), that is, the wire VH13a" (terminals T2a and T6a) is grounded. Will be done.
  • the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a has a voltage divider (voltage Vdiv1) based on the voltage between the lines VH13a'and VL13a (3.3 [V]) and the resistance ratio of the resistance elements R1a and R2a.
  • Vdiv1 VDD ⁇ R2a / (R1a + R2a), VDD: Voltage between lines VH13a'and VL13a (3.3 [V]), R1a: Resistance value of resistance element R1a, R2a: Resistance value of resistance element R2a, Occurs.
  • the voltage Vdiv1 is applied to the gate terminal of the MOS transistor which is the switch element 134a, the switch element 134a becomes conductive accordingly, and the voltage VDD supplied to the drain terminal is sent to the processor 131a via the source terminal. It will be supplied. In response to this, the processor 131a is activated.
  • the active processor 131a puts the switch element 135a into a conductive state.
  • the voltage (48 [V]) of the power supply line VH13a is transmitted to the line VH13a réelle via the resistance element 136a and the switch element 135a, and is output from the battery unit 13a via the terminal T3a.
  • the processor 131a activates the communication unit 132a.
  • the voltage output from the battery unit 13a passes through the terminals T7a and T5b of the power receiving device 14, via the terminals T1b, the rectifying element D1b and the terminal T3b of the battery unit 13b, and through the terminal T7b of the power receiving device 14. Is transmitted to the line VH14. As a result, the capacitor 140 is charged, and the voltage between the lines VH14 and VL14 increases with the passage of time.
  • the processor 131a After a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of charging the capacitor 140, the processor 131a further brings the switch element 137a into a conductive state. At this time, the processor 131a may keep the switch element 135a in a conductive state or may put it in a non-conducting state. Thereby, while suppressing the steep potential difference that may occur after the start of the charging, the charging speed can be increased after the charging is stabilized.
  • the control unit 141 When the voltage between the lines VH14 and VL14 becomes sufficiently high (up to the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (48 [V])) due to the charging of the capacitor 140, the control unit 141 becomes active accordingly, and at the same time, the communication unit 142 Is also active.
  • Vdiv2 VDD ⁇ R3a / (R1a + R2a + R3a), R3a: Resistance value of resistance element R3a, Occurs.
  • the voltage between the line VH13b'and the VL13b (3.3 [V]) between the node between the resistance elements R1b and R2b and the line VL13b due to the switch element 143b in the conductive state.
  • Vdiv3 VDD ⁇ (R2b + R3b) / (R1b + R2b + R3b), VDD: Voltage between lines VH13b'and VL13b (3.3 [V]), R1b: Resistance value of resistance element R1b, R2b: Resistance value of resistance element R2b, R3b: Resistance value of resistance element R23, Occurs.
  • the voltage Vdiv3 is applied to the gate terminal of the MOS transistor which is the switch element 134b, the switch element 134b becomes conductive accordingly, and the voltage VDD supplied to the drain terminal is transmitted to the processor 131b via the source terminal. It will be supplied.
  • the processor 131b becomes active, and at about the same time, the communication unit 132b also becomes active.
  • Vdiv4 VDD ⁇ R3b / (R1b + R2b + R3b), Occurs.
  • the processor 131a can detect the voltage of the line VH13a ”, and thereby it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13a is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a.
  • the 131b can detect the voltage of the line VH13b ”, and thereby it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13b is electrically connected to the connection portion 144b.
  • the processor 131b controls the switch elements 135b and 137b in the same procedure as the processor 131a, and outputs the voltage of the power supply line VH13b connected to the battery 130b via the line VH13b réelle.
  • the voltage between the power supply lines VH13b and VL13b is 48 [V].
  • the battery units 13a and 13b are connected in series and electrically connected to the power receiving device 14. Therefore, the power receiving device 14 is supplied with a voltage (total 96 [V]) obtained by adding the output voltage (48 [V]) of the battery 130b to the output voltage (48 [V]) of the battery 130a. As described above, the working machine 1 can be put into an operating state.
  • the start switch 145 may be pressed again.
  • the processor 131a puts the battery unit 13a into hibernation by detecting that the wire VH13a "has been grounded. Prior to this, the processor 131a is used as a communication unit. It is also possible to output an instruction signal instructing the battery unit 13b and the power receiving device 14 to be in the stopped state by external communication via 132a.
  • the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can all detect that the removal has been performed based on the communication result by the communication unit 132a and the like and the voltage supplied to the processor 131a and the like. There is. As a result, for example, when the battery unit 13a (13b) is removed, the processor 131b (131a) can put the battery unit 13b (13a) into hibernation by itself, and the control unit 141 itself can put the power receiving device 14 into hibernation. Can be hibernated.
  • the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 have an unexpected communication failure between the communication units 132a, 132b and 142. Can be detected.
  • this can be detected when the above-mentioned mutual communication is not interrupted even though the battery units 13a and / or 13b are removed.
  • the voltage supplied to the processors 131a and / or 131b becomes 3.3 [V], and in the power receiving device 14, the terminals T6a and / or T6b The voltage of is floating. Nevertheless, when the mutual communication is continued, it can be said that an unexpected operation has occurred in the power receiving device 14, and the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can detect this.
  • the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can detect whether or not the battery units 13a and / or 13b are properly electrically connected, and the above-mentioned removal is intended by the user, for example, due to poor contact or the like. It shall also include removal that does not.
  • the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can communicate with each other by the communication units 132a and 132b and the communication unit 142, respectively. Thereby, for example, based on the load condition applied to the battery units 13a and / or 13b, it / their power supply function can be controlled by itself / themselves.
  • the power supply lines VL13a and VL14 (terminals T1a and T5a) are fixed to the ground voltage.
  • the power supply line VL13b associated as the ground line in the battery unit 13b has a voltage higher than the ground voltage (in the operating state of the work machine 1) when the work machine 1 is used. (48 [V] in this embodiment).
  • the system configuration is planned based on the ground voltage or the closest one in order to ensure the operational stability on the system. This also applies to this system configuration. For example, even if the battery unit 13b is activated while the battery unit 13a is in a hibernation state, the circuits constituting the battery unit 13b do not operate properly. Therefore, for example, a master / slave (parent / child) or other master-slave relationship may be provided between the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141, and priority may be set incidentally to those instruction signals.
  • control unit 141 is used as a master and the processors 131a and 131b are used as slaves.
  • the processor 131a can output a hibernation instruction to the battery unit 13b (processor 131b) and the power receiving device 14 (control unit 141) prior to putting the battery unit 13a into the hibernation state.
  • this hibernation instruction By setting this hibernation instruction to have a higher priority than the mutual communication between the battery unit 13b and the power receiving device 14, the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 are all put into hibernation appropriately (for example, in a predetermined order). It becomes possible.
  • processor 131a As another example, it is possible to use the processor 131a as a master and the processor 131b and the control unit 141 as slaves, and in this case as well, the same thing can be realized.
  • the battery units 13a and 13b are provided with processors 131a and 131b that can control the power feeding function by themselves, and also communicate with the power receiving device 14 (control unit 141). Do.
  • the processors 131a and 131b may be required to establish a master-slave relationship between the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141, and to give priority to their instruction system.
  • the battery units 13a and 13b have the same configuration, and may be electrically connected to any of the connection portions 144a and 144b, respectively. Therefore, in order to be able to set the above-mentioned master-slave relationship and the priority of the instruction system, it is determined by itself whether the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a or 144b to the processor 131a (131b). It is required to be possible. Further, it is preferable that this is realized with a relatively simple configuration without unnecessarily increasing the number of terminals or complicating the structures of the connecting portions 144a and 144b.
  • Vdiv2 VDD ⁇ R3a / (R1a + R2a + R3a)
  • Vdiv4 VDD ⁇ R3b / (R1b + R2b + R3b)
  • the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to either the connection portion 144a or 144b by detecting either the voltage Vdiv2 or the voltage Vdiv4 by the line VH13a "(VH13b"), respectively. It becomes possible to judge whether or not it is.
  • the processor 131a can determine that the battery unit 13a is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a by detecting the voltage Vdiv2 of the line VH13a. Further, the processor 131b can determine that the line VH13b is electrically connected. By detecting the voltage Vdiv4 of ", it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13b is electrically connected to the connection portion 144b.
  • the control of the individual power supply functions of the battery units 13a and 13b can be appropriately realized while ensuring the operational stability on the system. Further, this is realized by the configuration of the connecting portions 144a and 144b while having the battery units 13a and 13b having the same configuration.
  • the connection portions 144a and 144b include resistance elements R3a and R3b that are configured to be able to receive DC voltage from the battery units 13a and 13b, respectively, and flow a current corresponding to the DC voltage. Since these resistance elements R3a and R3b have different resistance values, as a result, the voltages supplied to the processors 131a and 131b can be different from each other.
  • the switch elements 143a and 143b may be configured to have different on-resistances as an alternative / incidentally, and the same can be realized by this.
  • the start switch 145 may be provided at the ground voltage or the power supply system closest to the ground voltage.
  • the start switch 145 is provided for the connection portion 144a located on the ground voltage side of the connection portions 144a and 144b.
  • the quantity of the battery unit 13 is set to 2, but the content of the embodiment can be applied even when the quantity of the battery unit 13 is 3 or more. Further, in the present embodiment, a mode in which a plurality of battery units 13 are electrically connected to the power receiving device 14 in series connection is illustrated, but the content of the embodiment can be applied even when the connection mode is parallel connection.
  • the plurality of (two in the embodiment) battery units 13a and 13b are provided with processors 131a and 131b for controlling their power feeding functions, respectively.
  • the power receiving device 14 includes a plurality of (two in the embodiment) connecting portions 144a and 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery units 13a and 13b, respectively.
  • These connection portions 144a and 144b are configured so that when the battery units 13a and 13b are electrically connected to them, the voltages supplied to the corresponding processors 131a and 131b have different values. This can be appropriately realized by, for example, configuring the resistance elements R3a and R3b with different resistance values.
  • the processor 131a (131b) can detect whether the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a or 144b. As a result, the processor 131a (131b) can appropriately control the power feeding function according to the electrically connected connection portion 144a or 144b.
  • each element is shown by a name related to its functional aspect, but each element is not limited to the one having the contents described in the embodiment as the main function. However, it may be provided as an auxiliary.
  • the first aspect relates to a power receiving device (for example, 14), and the power receiving device receives power from a plurality of battery units (for example, 13a, 13b) each including a processor (for example, 131a, 131b) for controlling a power feeding function.
  • a power receiving device configured to be receivable, and includes a plurality of connection portions (for example, 144a, 144b) capable of electrically connecting the plurality of battery units, and the plurality of connection portions are connected to the plurality of connection portions.
  • the processor can detect which of the plurality of connections the battery unit is electrically connected to, and appropriately control the power supply function according to the connection. It becomes feasible.
  • each of the plurality of connection portions is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage (for example, 48 [V]) from a corresponding battery unit, and a resistance element (for example, a resistance element) for passing a current corresponding to the DC voltage.
  • a DC voltage for example, 48 [V]
  • a resistance element for example, a resistance element
  • R3a, R3b) are included, and the resistance values of the resistance elements are different from each other among the plurality of connecting portions. According to such a configuration, the first aspect can be realized relatively easily.
  • a communication unit for example, 142 for communicating with the plurality of processors and a control unit (for example, 141) for individually controlling the plurality of processors via the communication unit are further provided. It is characterized by being prepared. According to such a configuration, the power supply function of each battery unit can be individually controlled.
  • the communication unit further enables the plurality of processors to communicate with each other, so that at least one of the plurality of processors (for example, 131a) controls another processor (for example, 131b). It is characterized by allowing it to be done. According to such a configuration, it is possible to control the power supply function of another battery unit from one battery unit.
  • the communication unit allows the at least one processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the corresponding connection unit.
  • control unit supplies the communication result by the communication unit and the plurality of processors whether or not the plurality of battery units are appropriately electrically connected at the plurality of connection units. It is characterized in that the judgment is made based on the voltage and the voltage. According to such a configuration, it is possible to individually determine whether or not the electrical connection of the battery unit is properly performed.
  • the plurality of connection portions are configured so that when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to the plurality of connection portions, the plurality of battery units are connected in series. It is characterized by. According to such a configuration, a relatively large voltage can be supplied to the power receiving device.
  • the one closest to the ground voltage among the plurality of battery units is referred to as the first battery unit (for example, 13a), and the one corresponding to the first battery unit among the plurality of connection portions is the first.
  • the connection portion for example, 144a
  • the power receiving device is provided with respect to the first connection portion and has a start switch (for example, 145) for activating the processor of the first battery unit. It is characterized by further preparation. According to such a configuration, when the processor is started, an unexpected voltage is not applied to the processor.
  • a ninth aspect relates to an electric power unit (for example, PU), in which the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned power receiving device (for example, 14) and the electric power received from the plurality of battery units by the power receiving device. It is characterized by including a motor (for example, 12). That is, the above-mentioned power receiving device can be applied to a known electric power unit.
  • the electric power unit for example, PU
  • the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned power receiving device (for example, 14) and the electric power received from the plurality of battery units by the power receiving device. It is characterized by including a motor (for example, 12). That is, the above-mentioned power receiving device can be applied to a known electric power unit.
  • a tenth aspect relates to a work machine (for example, 1), wherein the work machine includes the above-mentioned electric power unit (for example, PU) and a work mechanism (for example, 11) capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor. It is characterized by having. That is, the above-mentioned electric power unit can be applied to a known working machine.
  • the above-mentioned electric power unit can be applied to a known working machine.
  • the eleventh aspect relates to a battery unit (for example, 13a), and the battery unit is configured to be electrically connectable to any of a plurality of connection portions (for example, 144a and 144b) included in a power receiving device (for example, 14).
  • the plurality of connection portions are configured such that the voltages supplied to the plurality of battery units are different from each other when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each of the plurality of connection portions.
  • the battery unit comprises a processor (eg, 131a) capable of controlling the feeding function based on the voltage supplied by the electrically connected connection. According to such a configuration, in each battery unit, the processor can detect which of the plurality of connections the battery unit is electrically connected to, and appropriately control the power supply function according to the connection. It becomes feasible.
  • each of the plurality of connection portions is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage (for example, 48 [V]) from a corresponding battery unit, and a resistance element (for example, a resistance element) for flowing a current corresponding to the DC voltage.
  • a DC voltage for example, 48 [V]
  • a resistance element for example, a resistance element
  • R3a, R3b) are included, and the resistance values of the resistance elements are different from each other among the plurality of connection portions, and the battery unit is configured to be capable of outputting the DC voltage. .
  • the first aspect can be realized relatively easily.
  • a thirteenth aspect is further provided with a communication unit (for example, 132a) for communicating with the power receiving device via the connection unit.
  • a communication unit for example, 132a
  • the power supply function of each battery unit can be individually controlled.
  • the communication unit is configured to be able to communicate with another battery unit (for example, 13b), whereby the processor controls another processor (for example, 131b) included in the other battery unit. It is characterized by allowing it to be done. According to such a configuration, it is possible to control the power supply function of another battery unit from one battery unit.
  • the communication unit allows the processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the connection unit.
  • the battery unit and the other battery units are connected in series when each of them is electrically connected to the corresponding connection. According to such a configuration, a relatively large voltage can be supplied to the power receiving device.
  • a seventeenth aspect relates to an electric power unit (for example, PU), in which the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned battery unit (for example, 13a), the power receiving device, and electric power received from the battery unit. (For example, 12) and. That is, the above-mentioned battery unit can be applied to a known electric power unit.
  • the electric power unit for example, PU
  • the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned battery unit (for example, 13a), the power receiving device, and electric power received from the battery unit. (For example, 12) and. That is, the above-mentioned battery unit can be applied to a known electric power unit.
  • An eighteenth aspect relates to a work machine, which comprises the above-mentioned electric power unit (for example, PU) and a work mechanism (for example, 11) capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor. It is characterized by. That is, the above-mentioned electric power unit can be applied to a known working machine.
  • the electric power unit for example, PU
  • a work mechanism for example, 11

Abstract

One aspect of the present invention relates to a power reception device configured so as to be able to receive power from a plurality of battery units, each comprising a processor for controlling power supply functionality, said power reception device comprising a plurality of connection units capable of electrically connecting the respective battery units, wherein the plurality of connection units are configured such that when the plurality of battery units are respectively electrically connected thereto, the voltages supplied to the plurality of processors of the plurality of battery units have mutually different values.

Description

受電装置、バッテリユニット、電動パワーユニット及び作業機Power receiving device, battery unit, electric power unit and working machine
　本発明は、主に受電装置およびバッテリユニットに関する。 The present invention mainly relates to a power receiving device and a battery unit.
　特許文献１には、複数のバッテリユニット（バッテリパック）が個別に電気接続された電動作業機（電動工具）の構成が記載されている。作業機本体には、複数のバッテリユニットを電気接続するための複数の接続部が設けられる。 Patent Document 1 describes the configuration of an electric work machine (power tool) in which a plurality of battery units (battery packs) are individually electrically connected. The work machine main body is provided with a plurality of connection portions for electrically connecting a plurality of battery units.
特開２０１１－１６１６０３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-161603
　一般に、上述の複数の接続部には何れのバッテリユニットが電気接続されてもよく、即ち、作業機本体から取り外されたバッテリユニットは、同様の構成を有する他のバッテリユニットに任意に交換可能である。このような構成において、個々のバッテリユニットには、その給電機能を制御するためのプロセッサが搭載されることが考えられる。この給電機能の適切な制御の実現のため、バッテリユニットが複数の接続部の何れに電気接続されたかをプロセッサが適切に検出することが必要となる場合も考えられるため、このことを比較的簡素な構成で実現するための技術が求められる。 In general, any battery unit may be electrically connected to the plurality of connections described above, that is, the battery unit removed from the work machine body can be arbitrarily replaced with another battery unit having the same configuration. is there. In such a configuration, it is conceivable that each battery unit is equipped with a processor for controlling its power supply function. This is relatively simple because it may be necessary for the processor to properly detect which of the multiple connections the battery unit is electrically connected to in order to achieve proper control of this power supply function. Technology is required to realize this with a flexible configuration.
　本発明の目的は、受電装置および該受電装置に電気接続可能な複数のバッテリユニットについて、個々のバッテリユニットの給電機能の適切な制御を比較的簡素な構成で実現することを例示的目的とする。 It is an exemplary object of the present invention to realize appropriate control of the power supply function of each battery unit in a relatively simple configuration for the power receiving device and a plurality of battery units that can be electrically connected to the power receiving device. ..
　本発明の第１側面は受電装置に係り、前記受電装置は、給電機能を制御するためのプロセッサをそれぞれが備える複数のバッテリユニットから電力を受取り可能に構成された受電装置であって、前記複数のバッテリユニットをそれぞれ電気接続可能な複数の接続部を備えており、前記複数の接続部は、それらに前記複数のバッテリユニットがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットに対応する複数のプロセッサに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成されていることを特徴とする。 The first aspect of the present invention relates to a power receiving device, and the power receiving device is a power receiving device configured to be able to receive power from a plurality of battery units each including a processor for controlling a power feeding function. Each of the battery units is provided with a plurality of connections that can be electrically connected to each other, and the plurality of connections correspond to the plurality of battery units when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each of the plurality of connections. It is characterized in that it is configured so that the voltages supplied to the processors have different values from each other.
　本発明によれば、個々のバッテリユニットの給電機能の適切な制御を実現可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to realize appropriate control of the power supply function of each battery unit.
電動作業機の構成例を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the configuration example of the electric work machine. バッテリユニットおよび受電装置の構成例を示す回路ブロック図。The circuit block diagram which shows the structural example of the battery unit and the power receiving device.
　以下、添付図面を参照して実施形態を詳しく説明する。尚、以下の実施形態は請求の範囲に係る発明を限定するものでなく、また実施形態で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明に必須のものとは限らない。実施形態で説明されている複数の特徴のうち二つ以上の特徴が任意に組み合わされてもよい。また、同一若しくは同様の構成には同一の参照番号を付し、重複した説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the invention. Two or more of the plurality of features described in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. Further, the same or similar configuration will be given the same reference number, and duplicate description will be omitted.
　（作業機の構成例）
　図１は、実施形態に係る作業機１のシステム構成例を示すブロック図である。作業機１は、作業機構１１、電動モータ１２、バッテリユニット１３および受電装置１４を備え、バッテリユニット１３の電力を用いて作業機構１１により所定の作業を行う電動作業機（例えばトロウェル、スイーパー等）とする。 (Work machine configuration example)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration example of the work machine 1 according to the embodiment. The work machine 1 includes a work mechanism 11, an electric motor 12, a battery unit 13, and a power receiving device 14, and uses the power of the battery unit 13 to perform a predetermined work by the work mechanism 11 (for example, a trowell, a sweeper, etc.). And.
　作業機構１１は、電動モータ１２が発生した動力（回転）に基づいて上記作業を実行する。バッテリユニット１３は、電力を貯留可能に構成され、本実施形態では複数並設される。受電装置１４は、ＰＤＵ（Ｐｏｗｅｒ　Ｄｒｉｖｅ　Ｕｎｉｔ）等を内蔵し、バッテリユニット１３から受け取った電力を所定の態様に変換して電動モータ１２に供給する。 The work mechanism 11 executes the above work based on the power (rotation) generated by the electric motor 12. The battery units 13 are configured to be capable of storing electric power, and in the present embodiment, a plurality of battery units 13 are arranged side by side. The power receiving device 14 has a built-in PDU (Power Drive Unit) or the like, converts the electric power received from the battery unit 13 into a predetermined mode, and supplies the electric power to the electric motor 12.
　ここでは電力供給対象として電動モータ１２を示したが、作業機１には、表示装置、光源装置等の電気装置が他の電力供給対象として更に設けられてもよい。 Although the electric motor 12 is shown here as a power supply target, the work equipment 1 may be further provided with an electric device such as a display device and a light source device as another power supply target.
　作業機１の構成は、上述の例に限られるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で多様な変更が加えられてもよい。また、電動モータ１２、バッテリユニット１３および受電装置１４は、作業機構１１とは別体でユニット化されてもよく、これにより、電動パワーユニットＰＵとして多様な用途で活用可能である。 The configuration of the work machine 1 is not limited to the above example, and various changes may be made without departing from the purpose. Further, the electric motor 12, the battery unit 13, and the power receiving device 14 may be unitized separately from the working mechanism 11, so that the electric motor 12, the battery unit 13, and the power receiving device 14 can be used as an electric power unit PU in various applications.
　図２は、バッテリユニット１３および受電装置１４のシステム構成例を示す回路ブロック図である。ここでは、説明の容易化のため、バッテリユニット１３は２つ並設されるものとし、区別のため、それらのうちの一方を「バッテリユニット１３ａ」とし、他方を「バッテリユニット１３ｂ」とする。 FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing a system configuration example of the battery unit 13 and the power receiving device 14. Here, for ease of explanation, two battery units 13 are arranged side by side, and for distinction, one of them is referred to as "battery unit 13a" and the other is referred to as "battery unit 13b".
　（バッテリユニットの構成例）
　バッテリユニット１３ａは、バッテリ（バッテリ本体）１３０ａ、プロセッサ１３１ａ、通信部１３２ａ、レギュレータ１３３ａ、複数の抵抗素子１３６ａ、Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａ、複数のスイッチ素子１３４ａ、１３５ａ及び１３７ａ、並びに、整流素子Ｄ１ａを備える。バッテリユニット１３ａは、これらの要素１３０ａ等がユニット化して構成され、その筐体にはバッテリユニット１３ａを受電装置１４に電気接続するための端子群Ｔ１ａ～Ｔ４ａが設けられる。 (Battery unit configuration example)
The battery unit 13a includes a battery (battery body) 130a, a processor 131a, a communication unit 132a, a regulator 133a, a plurality of resistance elements 136a, R1a and R2a, a plurality of switch elements 134a, 135a and 137a, and a rectifying element D1a. The battery unit 13a is configured by unitizing these elements 130a and the like, and the housing thereof is provided with terminal groups T1a to T4a for electrically connecting the battery unit 13a to the power receiving device 14.
　バッテリ１３０ａは、本実施形態では４８［Ｖ］のＤＣ（Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　Ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ）電圧を出力し、典型的には複数のバッテリセルが直列接続されて構成されうるが、単一のバッテリセルにより構成されてもよい。図中において、バッテリ１３０ａの正極側の電源線は線ＶＨ１３ａと示され、負極側の電源線は線ＶＬ１３ａと示される。電源線ＶＬ１３ａは、端子Ｔ１ａに電気接続される。 The battery 130a outputs a DC (Direct Current) voltage of 48 [V] in the present embodiment, and is typically configured by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, but is composed of a single battery cell. May be good. In the figure, the power supply line on the positive electrode side of the battery 130a is indicated by the wire VH13a, and the power supply line on the negative electrode side is indicated by the wire VL13a. The power line VL13a is electrically connected to the terminal T1a.
　プロセッサ１３１ａは、詳細については後述とするが、バッテリ１３０ａの給電機能を制御するための電子部品（例えば半導体パッケージ）とする。プロセッサ１３１ａは、ＡＳＩＣ（特定用途向け集積回路）、ＰＬＤ（プログラマブルロジックデバイス）等の半導体装置であってもよいが、同機能を実現可能にＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）及びメモリにより構成されてもよい。即ち、プロセッサ１３１ａの機能はハードウェア及びソフトウェアの何れによっても実現可能である。 The processor 131a is an electronic component (for example, a semiconductor package) for controlling the power supply function of the battery 130a, although the details will be described later. The processor 131a may be a semiconductor device such as an ASIC (integrated circuit for a specific application) or a PLD (programmable logic device), but may be configured by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory so that the same function can be realized. .. That is, the function of the processor 131a can be realized by either hardware or software.
　通信部１３２ａは、端子Ｔ４ａを介してバッテリユニット１３ａ外の要素と通信可能に構成された電子部品であり、図中において破線で示されるようにプロセッサ１３１ａとの相互通信により、プロセッサ１３１ａの外部通信を実現可能とする。 The communication unit 132a is an electronic component configured to be able to communicate with an element outside the battery unit 13a via the terminal T4a, and is externally communicated with the processor 131a by mutual communication with the processor 131a as shown by a broken line in the figure. Is feasible.
　レギュレータ１３３ａは、電源線ＶＨ１３ａの電圧（ここでは４８［Ｖ］）に基づいて所定電圧（ここでは３．３［Ｖ］）を線ＶＨ１３ａ’に出力する。抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａは、線ＶＨ１３ａ’と、端子Ｔ２ａに電気接続された線ＶＨ１３ａ”との間に直列接続されており、詳細については後述とするが、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａ間のノードには、それらの抵抗比に基づく分圧が発生することとなる。 The regulator 133a outputs a predetermined voltage (here 3.3 [V]) to the line VH13a'based on the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (here 48 [V]). The resistance elements R1a and R2a are connected in series between the wire VH13a'and the wire VH13a'electrically connected to the terminal T2a. The details will be described later, but the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a , A partial pressure will be generated based on their resistance ratio.
　スイッチ素子１３４ａは、本実施形態ではＭＯＳ（Ｍｅｔａｌ　Ｏｘｉｄｅ　Ｓｅｍｉｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒ）トランジスタが用いられ、そのゲート端子は、上記抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａ間のノードに電気接続される。また、ドレイン端子は線ＶＨ１３ａ’に電気接続され、ソース端子はプロセッサ１３１ａに電気接続される。 As the switch element 134a, a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor is used in the present embodiment, and its gate terminal is electrically connected to the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a. Further, the drain terminal is electrically connected to the line VH13a', and the source terminal is electrically connected to the processor 131a.
　スイッチ素子１３５ａおよび抵抗素子１３６ａは、電源線ＶＨ１３ａと、端子Ｔ３ａに電気接続された線ＶＨ１３ａоとの間に直列接続される。スイッチ素子１３７ａは、該直列接続されたスイッチ素子１３５ａおよび抵抗素子１３６ａに対して並列接続される。即ち、電源線ＶＨ１３ａの電圧（ここでは４８［Ｖ］）は、スイッチ素子１３５ａおよび抵抗素子１３６ａを介して、及び／又は、スイッチ素子１３７ａを介して、端子Ｔ３ａから出力可能である。尚、スイッチ素子１３５ａ及び１３７ａには、公知の高耐圧トランジスタが用いられればよい。 The switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a are connected in series between the power supply line VH13a and the line VH13aо electrically connected to the terminal T3a. The switch element 137a is connected in parallel to the switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a connected in series. That is, the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (here, 48 [V]) can be output from the terminal T3a via the switch element 135a and the resistance element 136a and / or via the switch element 137a. A known high withstand voltage transistor may be used for the switch elements 135a and 137a.
　整流素子Ｄ１ａは、アノードが線ＶＨ１３ａ（端子Ｔ１ａ）に電気接続され且つカソードが線ＶＨ１３ａо（端子Ｔ３ａ）に電気接続されるように配置される。 The rectifying element D1a is arranged so that the anode is electrically connected to the wire VH13a (terminal T1a) and the cathode is electrically connected to the wire VH13aо (terminal T3a).
　バッテリユニット１３ｂは、図２に示されるように上述のバッテリユニット１３ａ同様の構成を有しており、即ち、上述の要素１３０ａ等にそれぞれ対応する要素１３０ｂ等を備える。詳細には、バッテリ１３０ｂはバッテリ１３０ａ同様に構成され、プロセッサ１３１ｂはプロセッサ１３１ａ同様に構成され、通信部１３２ｂは通信部１３２ａ同様に構成され、また、レギュレータ１３３ｂはレギュレータ１３３ａ同様に構成され、それぞれ配置される。抵抗素子１３６ｂ、Ｒ１ｂ及びＲ２ｂは、それぞれ、抵抗素子１３６ａ、Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａ同様に構成され、また、スイッチ素子１３４ｂ、１３５ｂ及び１３７ｂは、それぞれ、スイッチ素子１３４ａ、１３５ａ及び１３７ａ同様に構成され、それぞれ配置される。図中の線ＶＨ１３ｂ、ＶＨ１３ｂо、ＶＬ１３ｂ、ＶＨ１３ｂ’及びＶＨ１３ｂ”は、それぞれ、ＶＨ１３ａ、ＶＨ１３ａо、ＶＬ１３ａ、ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＨ１３ａ”に対応する。整流素子Ｄ１ｂは整流素子Ｄ１ａ同様に構成され配置される。また、バッテリユニット１３ｂの筐体にはバッテリユニット１３ｂを受電装置１４に電気接続可能とする端子群Ｔ１ｂ～Ｔ４ｂが設けられ、これらは端子群Ｔ１ａ～Ｔ４ａに対応する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the battery unit 13b has the same configuration as the above-mentioned battery unit 13a, that is, includes elements 130b and the like corresponding to the above-mentioned elements 130a and the like. Specifically, the battery 130b is configured like the battery 130a, the processor 131b is configured like the processor 131a, the communication unit 132b is configured like the communication unit 132a, and the regulator 133b is configured like the regulator 133a, respectively. Will be done. The resistance elements 136b, R1b and R2b are configured in the same manner as the resistance elements 136a, R1a and R2a, respectively, and the switch elements 134b, 135b and 137b are configured in the same manner as the switch elements 134a, 135a and 137a, respectively. Will be done. The lines VH13b, VH13bо, VL13b, VH13b'and VH13b "in the figure correspond to VH13a, VH13aо, VL13a, VH13a'and VH13a", respectively. The rectifying element D1b is configured and arranged in the same manner as the rectifying element D1a. Further, the housing of the battery unit 13b is provided with terminal groups T1b to T4b that enable the battery unit 13b to be electrically connected to the power receiving device 14, and these correspond to the terminal groups T1a to T4a.
　（受電装置の構成例）
　受電装置１４は、キャパシタ１４０、制御部１４１、通信部１４２、抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びＲ３ｂ、スイッチ素子１４３ａ及び１４３ｂ、並びに、起動スイッチ１４５を備える。受電装置１４は、これらの要素１４０等がユニット化して構成され、その筐体には、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂを電気接続するための端子群Ｔ５ａ～Ｔ８ａ及びＴ５ｂ～Ｔ８ｂが設けられる。端子群Ｔ５ａ～Ｔ８ａには、端子群Ｔ１ａ～Ｔ４ａがそれぞれ電気接続され、また、端子群Ｔ５ｂ～Ｔ８ｂには、端子群Ｔ１ｂ～Ｔ４ｂがそれぞれ電気接続される。 (Configuration example of power receiving device)
The power receiving device 14 includes a capacitor 140, a control unit 141, a communication unit 142, resistance elements R3a and R3b, switch elements 143a and 143b, and a start switch 145. The power receiving device 14 is configured by unitizing these elements 140 and the like, and the housing thereof is provided with terminal groups T5a to T8a and T5b to T8b for electrically connecting the battery units 13a and 13b. The terminal groups T1a to T4a are electrically connected to the terminal groups T5a to T8a, and the terminal groups T1b to T4b are electrically connected to the terminal groups T5b to T8b, respectively.
　詳細については後述とするが、端子群Ｔ５ａ～Ｔ８ａは、抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びスイッチ素子１４３ａと共に、バッテリユニット１３ａを電気接続可能な接続部１４４ａを形成する。また、端子群Ｔ５ｂ～Ｔ８ｂは、抵抗素子Ｒ３ｂ及びスイッチ素子１４３ｂと共に、バッテリユニット１３ｂを電気接続可能な接続部１４４ｂを形成する。 Although the details will be described later, the terminal groups T5a to T8a together with the resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a form a connection portion 144a capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13a. Further, the terminal groups T5b to T8b together with the resistance element R3b and the switch element 143b form a connecting portion 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13b.
　キャパシタ１４０は、端子Ｔ７ｂに電気接続された線ＶＨ１４と、端子Ｔ５ａに電気接続された線ＶＬ１４との間に設けられ、バッテリユニット１３ａ（及び１３ｂ）から受け取った電圧を保持可能とする。 The capacitor 140 is provided between the wire VH14 electrically connected to the terminal T7b and the wire VL14 electrically connected to the terminal T5a, and can hold the voltage received from the battery unit 13a (and 13b).
　制御部１４１は、受電装置１４全体の制御を行い、例えば、詳細については後述とするが、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂのそれぞれと通信を行うことが可能である。制御部１４１の機能は、プロセッサ１３１ａ等同様、ハードウェア及びソフトウェアの何れによっても実現可能とする。また、制御部１４１は、ＰＤＵとしての機能を更に備え、キャパシタ１４０に保持された電圧を所定の態様に変換して電動モータ１２に供給することも可能とする。 The control unit 141 controls the entire power receiving device 14, and can communicate with each of the processors 131a and 131b, for example, although details will be described later. The function of the control unit 141 can be realized by any of hardware and software as well as the processor 131a and the like. Further, the control unit 141 further has a function as a PDU, and can convert the voltage held in the capacitor 140 into a predetermined mode and supply it to the electric motor 12.
　通信部１４２は、端子Ｔ８ａ及びＴ８ｂを介してそれぞれ通信部１３２ａ及び１３２ｂと通信可能に構成された電子部品であり、図中において破線で示されるように制御部１４１との相互通信により、制御部１４１の外部通信を実現可能とする。このような接続態様によれば、通信部１３２ａ及び１３２ｂ間の相互通信も可能となる。そして、このことは、例えば、バッテリユニット１３ａのプロセッサ１３１ａがバッテリユニット１３ｂのプロセッサ１３１ｂに指示信号（ないし指示コマンド）を出力してバッテリユニット１３ｂの給電機能を直接的に制御することをも許容する。 The communication unit 142 is an electronic component configured to be able to communicate with the communication units 132a and 132b via the terminals T8a and T8b, respectively, and is a control unit by mutual communication with the control unit 141 as shown by a broken line in the figure. It enables 141 external communications to be realized. According to such a connection mode, mutual communication between the communication units 132a and 132b is also possible. This also allows, for example, the processor 131a of the battery unit 13a to output an instruction signal (or instruction command) to the processor 131b of the battery unit 13b to directly control the power supply function of the battery unit 13b. ..
　抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びスイッチ素子１４３ａは、端子Ｔ５ａ及びＴ６ａ間に直列接続される。スイッチ素子１４３ａには、本実施形態ではバイポーラトランジスタが用いられ、ベース端子は制御部１４１により制御されうる。このような構成によりバッテリユニット１３ａを電気接続可能な接続部１４４ａが形成され、例えば、スイッチ素子１４３ａが導通状態になると、線ＶＨ１３ａ”には所定の電圧が発生する。この電圧は、実質的に、線ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ、Ｒ２ａ及びＲ３ａの抵抗値とで決まりうる。 The resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a are connected in series between the terminals T5a and T6a. A bipolar transistor is used for the switch element 143a in this embodiment, and the base terminal can be controlled by the control unit 141. With such a configuration, a connection portion 144a capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13a is formed. For example, when the switch element 143a is in a conductive state, a predetermined voltage is generated in the wire VH13a ”. , The voltage between the lines VH13a'and VL13a and the resistance values of the resistance elements R1a, R2a and R3a can be determined.
　同様に、抵抗素子Ｒ３ｂ及びスイッチ素子１４３ｂは、端子Ｔ５ｂ及びＴ６ｂ間に直列接続される。スイッチ素子１４３ｂには、本実施形態ではバイポーラトランジスタが用いられ、ベース端子は制御部１４１により制御されうる。このような構成によりバッテリユニット１３ｂを電気接続可能な接続部１４４ｂが形成される。 Similarly, the resistance element R3b and the switch element 143b are connected in series between the terminals T5b and T6b. A bipolar transistor is used for the switch element 143b in this embodiment, and the base terminal can be controlled by the control unit 141. With such a configuration, a connecting portion 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery unit 13b is formed.
　起動スイッチ１４５は、本実施形態では、上記直列接続された抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びスイッチ素子１４３ａに対して並列接続される。起動スイッチ１４５は、本実施形態においては押圧式スイッチとし、即ち、押圧されている間に亘って導通状態となり、押圧されていない間においては非導通状態となる。起動スイッチ１４５が押圧されると（導通状態となると）、線ＶＨ１３ａ”及びＶＬ１３ａ間には、線ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａの抵抗値とで決まる電圧が発生する。 In the present embodiment, the start switch 145 is connected in parallel to the resistance element R3a and the switch element 143a connected in series. In the present embodiment, the start switch 145 is a pressing type switch, that is, it is in a conductive state while it is being pressed, and is in a non-conducting state while it is not being pressed. When the start switch 145 is pressed (when it becomes conductive), a voltage determined by the voltage between the wires VH13a'and VL13a and the resistance values of the resistance elements R1a and R2a is generated between the wires VH13a "and VL13a.
　尚、本実施形態においては、起動スイッチ１４５は、受電装置１の一部として記載したが、装置１外に別体として設けられてもよく、例えば、起動スイッチ１４５は、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び接続部１４４ａ間の電気経路（即ち、端子Ｔ１ａ及びＴ５ａ間の接続部と、端子Ｔ２ａ及びＴ６ａ間の接続部との間）に外部から取り付けられてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the start switch 145 is described as a part of the power receiving device 1, but it may be provided as a separate body outside the device 1. For example, the start switch 145 is the battery unit 13a and the connection portion. It may be externally attached to the electrical path between 144a (that is, between the connection between the terminals T1a and T5a and the connection between the terminals T2a and T6a).
　このような構成により、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは、受電装置１４に（それぞれ接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂに）電気接続可能となっている。詳細については後述とするが、本システム構成においては、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは直列接続されて受電装置１４に電気接続されることとなる。また、前述のとおり、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは、同様の構成を有するため、それらを相互に交換可能であり、或いは、それらの一方／双方を同様の構成を有する他のバッテリユニット（新たな／充電済のバッテリユニット）に交換可能である。 With such a configuration, the battery units 13a and 13b can be electrically connected to the power receiving device 14 (to the connection portions 144a and 144b, respectively). Details will be described later, but in this system configuration, the battery units 13a and 13b are connected in series and electrically connected to the power receiving device 14. Further, as described above, since the battery units 13a and 13b have the same configuration, they can be exchanged with each other, or one / both of them have the same configuration as another battery unit (new /). It can be replaced with a charged battery unit).
　（起動メカニズム）
　本システム構成においては、電源線ＶＬ１３ａ及びＶＬ１４（端子Ｔ１ａ及びＴ５ａ）は接地電圧（０［Ｖ］）に固定される／接地されるものとする。以下において説明される電圧は、一般に、２つの要素（端子、ノード等）間に発生する電位差を示すが、説明の容易化のため、この接地電圧からの電位差を示す場合がある。 (Startup mechanism)
In this system configuration, the power supply lines VL13a and VL14 (terminals T1a and T5a) are fixed / grounded to the ground voltage (0 [V]). The voltage described below generally indicates a potential difference between two elements (terminals, nodes, etc.), but may indicate a potential difference from this ground voltage for ease of description.
　作業機１の起動前（停止状態）においては、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂ並びに給電装置１４は何れも休止状態である。即ち、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ、通信部１３２ａ及び１３２ｂ、制御部１４１並びに通信部１４２は、何れも休止状態であり、また、スイッチ素子１３５ａ、１３７ａ、１４３ａ、１３５ｂ、１３７ｂ及び１４３ｂ、並びに、起動スイッチ１４５は、何れも非導通状態である。 Before the work machine 1 is started (stopped state), the battery units 13a and 13b and the power feeding device 14 are all in the hibernation state. That is, the processors 131a and 131b, the communication units 132a and 132b, the control unit 141, and the communication unit 142 are all in a dormant state, and the switch elements 135a, 137a, 143a, 135b, 137b and 143b, and the start switch 145 are all in a dormant state. Are all non-conducting states.
　作業機１の起動は、起動スイッチ１４５がユーザ（作業機１のオーナー等）により押圧されることにより実現される。起動スイッチ１４５は押圧により導通状態となり、それにより、線ＶＨ１３ａ”（端子Ｔ２ａ及びＴ６ａ）は電源線ＶＬ１３ａ（端子Ｔ１ａ及びＴ５ａ）と同電位となり、即ち、線ＶＨ１３ａ”（端子Ｔ２ａ及びＴ６ａ）は接地される。結果として、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａ間のノードには、線ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧（３．３［Ｖ］）と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ２ａの抵抗比とに基づく分圧（電圧Ｖｄｉｖ１とする。）、即ち、
　［式１］
　　Ｖｄｉｖ１＝ＶＤＤ×Ｒ２ａ／（Ｒ１ａ＋Ｒ２ａ）、
　　　ＶＤＤ：線ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧（３．３［Ｖ］）、
　　　Ｒ１ａ：抵抗素子Ｒ１ａの抵抗値、
　　　Ｒ２ａ：抵抗素子Ｒ２ａの抵抗値、
　が発生する。 The activation of the work machine 1 is realized by pressing the start switch 145 by a user (owner of the work machine 1 or the like). The start switch 145 becomes conductive by pressing, so that the wire VH13a "(terminals T2a and T6a) has the same potential as the power supply wire VL13a (terminals T1a and T5a), that is, the wire VH13a" (terminals T2a and T6a) is grounded. Will be done. As a result, the node between the resistance elements R1a and R2a has a voltage divider (voltage Vdiv1) based on the voltage between the lines VH13a'and VL13a (3.3 [V]) and the resistance ratio of the resistance elements R1a and R2a. .), That is,
[Equation 1]
Vdiv1 = VDD × R2a / (R1a + R2a),
VDD: Voltage between lines VH13a'and VL13a (3.3 [V]),
R1a: Resistance value of resistance element R1a,
R2a: Resistance value of resistance element R2a,
Occurs.
　これにより、スイッチ素子１３４ａであるＭＯＳトランジスタのゲート端子には電圧Ｖｄｉｖ１が印加され、それに伴いスイッチ素子１３４ａが導通状態となり、ドレイン端子に供給されている電圧ＶＤＤが、ソース端子を介してプロセッサ１３１ａに供給されることとなる。これに応答して、プロセッサ１３１ａは活性状態になる。 As a result, the voltage Vdiv1 is applied to the gate terminal of the MOS transistor which is the switch element 134a, the switch element 134a becomes conductive accordingly, and the voltage VDD supplied to the drain terminal is sent to the processor 131a via the source terminal. It will be supplied. In response to this, the processor 131a is activated.
　その後、活性状態となったプロセッサ１３１ａは、スイッチ素子１３５ａを導通状態にする。これにより、電源線ＶＨ１３ａの電圧（４８［Ｖ］）は、抵抗素子１３６ａ及びスイッチ素子１３５ａを介して線ＶＨ１３ａоに伝達され、端子Ｔ３ａを介してバッテリユニット１３ａから出力される。尚、これと略同時に（或いは、その前／後のタイミングにおいて）、プロセッサ１３１ａは通信部１３２ａを活性状態にする。 After that, the active processor 131a puts the switch element 135a into a conductive state. As a result, the voltage (48 [V]) of the power supply line VH13a is transmitted to the line VH13aо via the resistance element 136a and the switch element 135a, and is output from the battery unit 13a via the terminal T3a. At about the same time (or at the timing before / after that), the processor 131a activates the communication unit 132a.
　バッテリユニット１３ａから出力された上記電圧は、受電装置１４の端子Ｔ７ａ及びＴ５ｂを介して、バッテリユニット１３ｂの端子Ｔ１ｂ、整流素子Ｄ１ｂ及び端子Ｔ３ｂを介して、並びに、受電装置１４の端子Ｔ７ｂを介して、線ＶＨ１４に伝達される。これによりキャパシタ１４０が充電され、時間経過と共に線ＶＨ１４及びＶＬ１４間の電圧が高くなる。 The voltage output from the battery unit 13a passes through the terminals T7a and T5b of the power receiving device 14, via the terminals T1b, the rectifying element D1b and the terminal T3b of the battery unit 13b, and through the terminal T7b of the power receiving device 14. Is transmitted to the line VH14. As a result, the capacitor 140 is charged, and the voltage between the lines VH14 and VL14 increases with the passage of time.
　上記キャパシタ１４０の充電の開始から所定時間の経過後、プロセッサ１３１ａは、更にスイッチ素子１３７ａを導通状態にする。このとき、プロセッサ１３１ａは、スイッチ素子１３５ａを導通状態に維持してもよいし非導通状態にしてもよい。これにより、該充電の開始後に生じうる急峻な電位差を抑制しつつ、該充電が安定化してから該充電の速度を高めることができる。 After a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of charging the capacitor 140, the processor 131a further brings the switch element 137a into a conductive state. At this time, the processor 131a may keep the switch element 135a in a conductive state or may put it in a non-conducting state. Thereby, while suppressing the steep potential difference that may occur after the start of the charging, the charging speed can be increased after the charging is stabilized.
　キャパシタ１４０の充電により線ＶＨ１４及びＶＬ１４間の電圧が充分に（電源線ＶＨ１３ａの電圧（４８［Ｖ］）まで）高くなったとき、それに伴い制御部１４１は活性状態となり、それと略同時に通信部１４２も活性状態となる。 When the voltage between the lines VH14 and VL14 becomes sufficiently high (up to the voltage of the power supply line VH13a (48 [V])) due to the charging of the capacitor 140, the control unit 141 becomes active accordingly, and at the same time, the communication unit 142 Is also active.
　その後、活性状態となった制御部１４１は、スイッチ素子１４３ａ及び１４３ｂを導通状態にする。起動スイッチ１４５の押圧が解除された後、バッテリユニット１３ａにおいては、導通状態となったスイッチ素子１４３ａにより、線ＶＨ１３ａ”及びＶＬ１３ａ間には、線ＶＨ１３ａ’及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ、Ｒ２ａ及びＲ３ａの抵抗比とに基づく分圧（電圧Ｖｄｉｖ２とする。）、即ち、
　［式２］
　　Ｖｄｉｖ２＝ＶＤＤ×Ｒ３ａ／（Ｒ１ａ＋Ｒ２ａ＋Ｒ３ａ）、
　　　Ｒ３ａ：抵抗素子Ｒ３ａの抵抗値、
　が発生する。 After that, the control unit 141 in the active state brings the switch elements 143a and 143b into the conductive state. After the press of the start switch 145 is released, in the battery unit 13a, the voltage between the wires VH13a'and VL13a and the resistance element R1a between the wires VH13a'and VL13a are caused by the switch element 143a which has become conductive. A voltage divider based on the resistance ratio of R2a and R3a (referred to as voltage Vdiv2), that is,
[Equation 2]
Vdiv2 = VDD × R3a / (R1a + R2a + R3a),
R3a: Resistance value of resistance element R3a,
Occurs.
　一方、バッテリユニット１３ｂにおいては、導通状態となったスイッチ素子１４３ｂにより、抵抗素子Ｒ１ｂ及びＲ２ｂ間のノードと、線ＶＬ１３ｂとの間には、線ＶＨ１３ｂ’及びＶＬ１３ｂ間の電圧（３．３［Ｖ］）と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ｂ、Ｒ２ｂ及びＲ３ｂの抵抗比とに基づく分圧（電圧Ｖｄｉｖ３とする。）、即ち、
　［式３］
　　Ｖｄｉｖ３＝ＶＤＤ×（Ｒ２ｂ＋Ｒ３ｂ）／（Ｒ１ｂ＋Ｒ２ｂ＋Ｒ３ｂ）、
　　　ＶＤＤ：線ＶＨ１３ｂ’及びＶＬ１３ｂ間の電圧（３．３［Ｖ］）、
　　　Ｒ１ｂ：抵抗素子Ｒ１ｂの抵抗値、
　　　Ｒ２ｂ：抵抗素子Ｒ２ｂの抵抗値、
　　　Ｒ３ｂ：抵抗素子Ｒ２３の抵抗値、
　が発生する。 On the other hand, in the battery unit 13b, the voltage between the line VH13b'and the VL13b (3.3 [V]) between the node between the resistance elements R1b and R2b and the line VL13b due to the switch element 143b in the conductive state. ]) And the voltage division (referred to as voltage Vdiv3) based on the resistance ratios of the resistance elements R1b, R2b and R3b, that is,
[Equation 3]
Vdiv3 = VDD × (R2b + R3b) / (R1b + R2b + R3b),
VDD: Voltage between lines VH13b'and VL13b (3.3 [V]),
R1b: Resistance value of resistance element R1b,
R2b: Resistance value of resistance element R2b,
R3b: Resistance value of resistance element R23,
Occurs.
　これにより、スイッチ素子１３４ｂであるＭＯＳトランジスタのゲート端子には電圧Ｖｄｉｖ３が印加され、それに伴いスイッチ素子１３４ｂが導通状態となり、ドレイン端子に供給されている電圧ＶＤＤが、ソース端子を介してプロセッサ１３１ｂに供給されることとなる。これに応答して、プロセッサ１３１ｂは活性状態になり、それと略同時に通信部１３２ｂも活性状態となる。 As a result, the voltage Vdiv3 is applied to the gate terminal of the MOS transistor which is the switch element 134b, the switch element 134b becomes conductive accordingly, and the voltage VDD supplied to the drain terminal is transmitted to the processor 131b via the source terminal. It will be supplied. In response to this, the processor 131b becomes active, and at about the same time, the communication unit 132b also becomes active.
　同様に、線ＶＨ１３ｂ”及びＶＬ１３ｂ間には、線ＶＨ１３ｂ’及びＶＬ１３ｂ間の電圧と、抵抗素子Ｒ１ｂ、Ｒ２ｂ及びＲ３ｂの抵抗比とに基づく分圧（電圧Ｖｄｉｖ４とする。）、即ち、
　［式４］
　　Ｖｄｉｖ４＝ＶＤＤ×Ｒ３ｂ／（Ｒ１ｂ＋Ｒ２ｂ＋Ｒ３ｂ）、
　が発生する。 Similarly, between the lines VH13b "and VL13b, a voltage divider (referred to as voltage Vdiv4) based on the voltage between the lines VH13b'and VL13b and the resistance ratios of the resistance elements R1b, R2b and R3b, that is,
[Equation 4]
Vdiv4 = VDD × R3b / (R1b + R2b + R3b),
Occurs.
　詳細については後述とするが、プロセッサ１３１ａは、線ＶＨ１３ａ”の電圧を検出可能であり、これにより、バッテリユニット１３ａが接続部１４４ａに電気接続されていることを判定可能である。同様に、プロセッサ１３１ｂは、線ＶＨ１３ｂ”の電圧を検出可能であり、これにより、バッテリユニット１３ｂが接続部１４４ｂに電気接続されていることを判定可能である。 Although the details will be described later, the processor 131a can detect the voltage of the line VH13a ”, and thereby it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13a is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a. Similarly, the processor. The 131b can detect the voltage of the line VH13b ”, and thereby it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13b is electrically connected to the connection portion 144b.
　その後、プロセッサ１３１ｂは、プロセッサ１３１ａ同様の手順でスイッチ素子１３５ｂ及び１３７ｂを制御し、バッテリ１３０ｂに接続された電源線ＶＨ１３ｂの電圧を、線ＶＨ１３ｂоを介して出力する。尚、電源線ＶＨ１３ｂ及びＶＬ１３ｂ間の電圧は４８［Ｖ］である。 After that, the processor 131b controls the switch elements 135b and 137b in the same procedure as the processor 131a, and outputs the voltage of the power supply line VH13b connected to the battery 130b via the line VH13bо. The voltage between the power supply lines VH13b and VL13b is 48 [V].
　図２から分かるようにバッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは直列接続されて受電装置１４に電気接続される。そのため、受電装置１４には、バッテリ１３０ａの出力電圧（４８［Ｖ］）にバッテリ１３０ｂの出力電圧（４８［Ｖ］）を加えた電圧（計９６［Ｖ］）が供給されることとなる。以上のようにして作業機１を稼働状態にすることができる。 As can be seen from FIG. 2, the battery units 13a and 13b are connected in series and electrically connected to the power receiving device 14. Therefore, the power receiving device 14 is supplied with a voltage (total 96 [V]) obtained by adding the output voltage (48 [V]) of the battery 130b to the output voltage (48 [V]) of the battery 130a. As described above, the working machine 1 can be put into an operating state.
　稼働状態となった作業機１を再び休止状態とするためには、起動スイッチ１４５が再び押圧されればよい。起動スイッチ１４５が再び押圧された場合、プロセッサ１３１ａは、線ＶＨ１３ａ”が接地されたことを検出することにより、バッテリユニット１３ａを休止状態にする。また、これに先立って、プロセッサ１３１ａは、通信部１３２ａを介した外部通信により、バッテリユニット１３ｂ及び受電装置１４に停止状態となることを指示する指示信号を出力することもできる。 In order to put the working machine 1 in the operating state into the hibernation state again, the start switch 145 may be pressed again. When the start switch 145 is pressed again, the processor 131a puts the battery unit 13a into hibernation by detecting that the wire VH13a "has been grounded. Prior to this, the processor 131a is used as a communication unit. It is also possible to output an instruction signal instructing the battery unit 13b and the power receiving device 14 to be in the stopped state by external communication via 132a.
　また、作業機１が稼働状態の間にバッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが取り外された場合には、対応の通信部１３２ａ及び／又は１３２ｂを介した相互通信が途絶えることとなる。これと略同時に、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び／又は１３１ｂに供給される電圧（線ＶＨ１３ａ”及びＶＬ１３ａ間の電圧、及び／又は、線ＶＨ１３ｂ”及びＶＬ１３ｂ間の電圧）が３．３［Ｖ］となるため、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び／又は１３１ｂは、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが取り外されたことを検出可能である。また、受電装置１４においては端子Ｔ６ａ及び／又はＴ６ｂの電圧がフローティングとなるため、制御部１４１は、上記取外しが行われたことを検出可能である。 Further, if the battery unit 13a and / or 13b is removed while the work machine 1 is in the operating state, mutual communication via the corresponding communication unit 132a and / or 132b will be interrupted. At about the same time, the voltage supplied to the processors 131a and / or 131b (the voltage between the lines VH13a "and VL13a and / or the voltage between the lines VH13b" and VL13b becomes 3.3 [V]. Processors 131a and / or 131b can detect that the battery units 13a and / or 13b have been removed. Further, in the power receiving device 14, since the voltages of the terminals T6a and / or T6b are floating, the control unit 141 can detect that the above removal has been performed.
　即ち、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１は、何れも、通信部１３２ａ等による通信結果と、プロセッサ１３１ａ等に供給される電圧とに基づいて、該取外しが行われたことを検出可能となっている。これにより、例えばバッテリユニット１３ａ（１３ｂ）が取り外された場合には、プロセッサ１３１ｂ（１３１ａ）は自らバッテリユニット１３ｂ（１３ａ）を休止状態にすることができ、また、制御部１４１は自ら受電装置１４を休止状態にすることができる。 That is, the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can all detect that the removal has been performed based on the communication result by the communication unit 132a and the like and the voltage supplied to the processor 131a and the like. There is. As a result, for example, when the battery unit 13a (13b) is removed, the processor 131b (131a) can put the battery unit 13b (13a) into hibernation by itself, and the control unit 141 itself can put the power receiving device 14 into hibernation. Can be hibernated.
　また、通信部１３２ａ、１３２ｂ及び１４２間の通信結果を参照することにより、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが取り外されていないにも関わらず上記相互通信が途絶えた場合には、このことを検出可能である。例えば、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂが取り外されていない場合、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂに供給される電圧、並びに、受電装置１４が受け取る電圧（端子Ｔ６ａ及びＴ６ｂの電圧）が変動しない（作業機１が稼働状態の時の値のままである。）。これにも関わらず、所望の通信結果が得られない場合には上記相互通信が途絶えたと云え、よって、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１は、通信部１３２ａ、１３２ｂ及び１４２間に不測の通信障害が発生したことを検出可能である。 Further, by referring to the communication result between the communication units 132a, 132b and 142, when the mutual communication is interrupted even though the battery units 13a and / or 13b are not removed, this can be detected. Is. For example, when the battery units 13a and 13b are not removed, the voltage supplied to the processors 131a and 131b and the voltage received by the power receiving device 14 (voltages of terminals T6a and T6b) do not fluctuate (working machine 1 is in an operating state). It remains the value at the time of.). In spite of this, if the desired communication result cannot be obtained, it can be said that the above-mentioned mutual communication is interrupted. Therefore, the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 have an unexpected communication failure between the communication units 132a, 132b and 142. Can be detected.
　或いは、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが取り外されたにも関わらず上記相互通信が途絶えていない場合には、このことを検出可能である。前述のとおり、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが取り外された場合、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び／又は１３１ｂに供給される電圧は３．３［Ｖ］となり、また、受電装置１４においては端子Ｔ６ａ及び／又はＴ６ｂの電圧はフローティングとなる。これにも関わらず、上記相互通信が継続されている場合には、受電装置１４において不測の動作が発生したと云え、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１は、このことを検出可能である。 Alternatively, this can be detected when the above-mentioned mutual communication is not interrupted even though the battery units 13a and / or 13b are removed. As described above, when the battery units 13a and / or 13b are removed, the voltage supplied to the processors 131a and / or 131b becomes 3.3 [V], and in the power receiving device 14, the terminals T6a and / or T6b The voltage of is floating. Nevertheless, when the mutual communication is continued, it can be said that an unexpected operation has occurred in the power receiving device 14, and the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can detect this.
　尚、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂが適切に電気接続されているか否かがプロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１側で検出可能であればよく、上述の取外しは、例えば接触不良等、ユーザが意図しない取外しをも含むものとする。 It suffices if the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can detect whether or not the battery units 13a and / or 13b are properly electrically connected, and the above-mentioned removal is intended by the user, for example, due to poor contact or the like. It shall also include removal that does not.
　（プロセッサによる給電機能の制御）
　前述のとおり、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１間では、それぞれ通信部１３２ａ及び１３２ｂ並びに通信部１４２により相互通信が可能となっている。これにより、例えば、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び／又は１３ｂに加わる負荷状況等に基づいて、それ／それらの給電機能をそれ／それら自身で制御可能となっている。 (Control of power supply function by processor)
As described above, the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 can communicate with each other by the communication units 132a and 132b and the communication unit 142, respectively. Thereby, for example, based on the load condition applied to the battery units 13a and / or 13b, it / their power supply function can be controlled by itself / themselves.
　一方、本システム構成においては、電源線ＶＬ１３ａ及びＶＬ１４（端子Ｔ１ａ及びＴ５ａ）は接地電圧に固定されている。これに対して、バッテリユニット１３ｂにおいて接地線として対応付けられる電源線ＶＬ１３ｂは、本システム構成においては、作業機１を使用する際には（作業機１の稼働状態では）接地電圧よりも高い電圧（本実施形態では４８［Ｖ］）となる。 On the other hand, in this system configuration, the power supply lines VL13a and VL14 (terminals T1a and T5a) are fixed to the ground voltage. On the other hand, in the system configuration, the power supply line VL13b associated as the ground line in the battery unit 13b has a voltage higher than the ground voltage (in the operating state of the work machine 1) when the work machine 1 is used. (48 [V] in this embodiment).
　一般に、複数の電源系統が存在するシステムにおいては、システム上の動作安定性の確保のため、接地電圧またはそれに最も近いものを基準としてシステム構成が図られる。このことは、本システム構成においても同様であり、例えば、バッテリユニット１３ａが休止状態の間にバッテリユニット１３ｂが活性状態となったとしてもバッテリユニット１３ｂを構成する回路は適切に動作しない。よって、例えば、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１間にマスタ／スレーブ（親／子）等の主従関係が設けられ、付随的にそれらの指示信号に優先度が設定される場合がある。 Generally, in a system having a plurality of power supply systems, the system configuration is planned based on the ground voltage or the closest one in order to ensure the operational stability on the system. This also applies to this system configuration. For example, even if the battery unit 13b is activated while the battery unit 13a is in a hibernation state, the circuits constituting the battery unit 13b do not operate properly. Therefore, for example, a master / slave (parent / child) or other master-slave relationship may be provided between the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141, and priority may be set incidentally to those instruction signals.
　一例として、制御部１４１をマスタとし且つプロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂをスレーブとする場合について考える。例えば、作業機１が稼働状態の間にバッテリユニット１３ａを休止状態にすることが必要となる場合が考えられる。この場合、プロセッサ１３１ａは、バッテリユニット１３ａを休止状態にするのに先立って、バッテリユニット１３ｂ（プロセッサ１３１ｂ）及び受電装置１４（制御部１４１）に休止指示を出力することができる。この休止指示を、バッテリユニット１３ｂ及び受電装置１４間の相互通信よりも優先度が高く設定することにより、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１を何れも適切に（例えば所定順序で）休止状態にすることが可能となる。 As an example, consider a case where the control unit 141 is used as a master and the processors 131a and 131b are used as slaves. For example, it may be necessary to put the battery unit 13a into a hibernation state while the working machine 1 is in an operating state. In this case, the processor 131a can output a hibernation instruction to the battery unit 13b (processor 131b) and the power receiving device 14 (control unit 141) prior to putting the battery unit 13a into the hibernation state. By setting this hibernation instruction to have a higher priority than the mutual communication between the battery unit 13b and the power receiving device 14, the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141 are all put into hibernation appropriately (for example, in a predetermined order). It becomes possible.
　他の例として、プロセッサ１３１ａをマスタとし且つプロセッサ１３１ｂ及び制御部１４１をスレーブとすることも可能であり、この場合においても、同様のことが実現可能となる。 As another example, it is possible to use the processor 131a as a master and the processor 131b and the control unit 141 as slaves, and in this case as well, the same thing can be realized.
　小括すると、本システム構成においては、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは給電機能の制御を自身で実現可能とするプロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂをそれぞれ備え、また、受電装置１４（制御部１４１）との相互通信を行う。一方、システム上の動作安定性の確保のため、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂ並びに制御部１４１間に主従関係を設け、それらの指示系統に優先度を設けることが求められうる。 In summary, in this system configuration, the battery units 13a and 13b are provided with processors 131a and 131b that can control the power feeding function by themselves, and also communicate with the power receiving device 14 (control unit 141). Do. On the other hand, in order to ensure operational stability on the system, it may be required to establish a master-slave relationship between the processors 131a and 131b and the control unit 141, and to give priority to their instruction system.
　ここで、前述のとおり、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは同様の構成を有しており、それぞれ接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの何れに電気接続されてもよい。よって、上述の主従関係および指示系統の優先度を設定可能とするため、プロセッサ１３１ａ（１３１ｂ）には、バッテリユニット１３ａ（１３ｂ）が接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの何れに電気接続されたかを自身で判定可能であることが求められる。また、このことは、端子数を無用に増やすことなく、或いは、接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの構造を複雑化させることなく、比較的簡素な構成で実現されることが好ましい。 Here, as described above, the battery units 13a and 13b have the same configuration, and may be electrically connected to any of the connection portions 144a and 144b, respectively. Therefore, in order to be able to set the above-mentioned master-slave relationship and the priority of the instruction system, it is determined by itself whether the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a or 144b to the processor 131a (131b). It is required to be possible. Further, it is preferable that this is realized with a relatively simple configuration without unnecessarily increasing the number of terminals or complicating the structures of the connecting portions 144a and 144b.
　そこで、本実施形態においては、抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びＲ３ｂは、それらの抵抗値が互いに異なる値となるように設けられる。尚、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは同様の構成を有するため、抵抗素子Ｒ１ａ及びＲ１ｂは互いに同じ抵抗値であり、また、抵抗素子Ｒ２ａ及びＲ２ｂは互いに同じ抵抗値である。即ち、
　［式５］
　　Ｒ１ａ＝Ｒ１ｂ、
　　Ｒ２ａ＝Ｒ２ｂ、
　　Ｒ３ａ≠Ｒ３ｂ、
　である。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, the resistance elements R3a and R3b are provided so that their resistance values are different from each other. Since the battery units 13a and 13b have the same configuration, the resistance elements R1a and R1b have the same resistance value, and the resistance elements R2a and R2b have the same resistance value. That is,
[Equation 5]
R1a = R1b,
R2a = R2b,
R3a ≠ R3b,
Is.
　前述のとおり（［式２］及び［式４］参照）、線ＶＨ１３ａ”及びＶＬ１３ａ間に加わる電圧Ｖｄｉｖ２は、
　　Ｖｄｉｖ２＝ＶＤＤ×Ｒ３ａ／（Ｒ１ａ＋Ｒ２ａ＋Ｒ３ａ）、
　であり、また、線ＶＨ１３ｂ”及びＶＬ１３ｂ間に加わる電圧Ｖｄｉｖ４は、
　　Ｖｄｉｖ４＝ＶＤＤ×Ｒ３ｂ／（Ｒ１ｂ＋Ｒ２ｂ＋Ｒ３ｂ）、
　である。また、上記［式５］により、
　　Ｖｄｉｖ２≠Ｖｄｉｖ４、
　である。 As described above (see [Equation 2] and [Equation 4]), the voltage Vdiv2 applied between the lines VH13a ”and VL13a is
Vdiv2 = VDD × R3a / (R1a + R2a + R3a),
And the voltage Vdiv4 applied between the lines VH13b ”and VL13b is
Vdiv4 = VDD × R3b / (R1b + R2b + R3b),
Is. Further, according to the above [Equation 5],
Vdiv2 ≠ Vdiv4,
Is.
　よって、プロセッサ１３１ａ（１３１ｂ）は、それぞれ、線ＶＨ１３ａ”（ＶＨ１３ｂ”）が電圧Ｖｄｉｖ２及びＶｄｉｖ４の何れかを検出することで、バッテリユニット１３ａ（１３ｂ）が接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの何れに電気接続されたかを判定可能となる。本システム構成においては、プロセッサ１３１ａは、線ＶＨ１３ａ”の電圧Ｖｄｉｖ２を検出することにより、バッテリユニット１３ａが接続部１４４ａに電気接続されていることを判定可能となる。また、プロセッサ１３１ｂは、線ＶＨ１３ｂ”の電圧Ｖｄｉｖ４を検出することにより、バッテリユニット１３ｂが接続部１４４ｂに電気接続されていることを判定可能となる。 Therefore, in the processor 131a (131b), the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to either the connection portion 144a or 144b by detecting either the voltage Vdiv2 or the voltage Vdiv4 by the line VH13a "(VH13b"), respectively. It becomes possible to judge whether or not it is. In this system configuration, the processor 131a can determine that the battery unit 13a is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a by detecting the voltage Vdiv2 of the line VH13a. Further, the processor 131b can determine that the line VH13b is electrically connected. By detecting the voltage Vdiv4 of ", it is possible to determine that the battery unit 13b is electrically connected to the connection portion 144b.
　よって、本実施形態によれば、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂの個々の給電機能の制御は、システム上の動作安定性を確保しながら適切に実現可能となる。また、このことは、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂを同様の構成としつつ、接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの構成により実現される。本実施形態では、接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂは、それぞれ、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂからＤＣ電圧を受取り可能に構成され、該ＤＣ電圧に応じた電流を流す抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びＲ３ｂを含む。これら抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びＲ３ｂは互いに異なる抵抗値を有するため、結果として、プロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂに供給される電圧を互いに異なるものとすることが可能となる。そのため、以上のことは比較的簡素な構成で実現可能と云える。尚、他の実施形態として、代替的／付随的に、スイッチ素子１４３ａ及び１４３ｂが互いに異なるオン抵抗となるように構成されてもよく、これによっても同様のことが実現可能である。 Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the control of the individual power supply functions of the battery units 13a and 13b can be appropriately realized while ensuring the operational stability on the system. Further, this is realized by the configuration of the connecting portions 144a and 144b while having the battery units 13a and 13b having the same configuration. In the present embodiment, the connection portions 144a and 144b include resistance elements R3a and R3b that are configured to be able to receive DC voltage from the battery units 13a and 13b, respectively, and flow a current corresponding to the DC voltage. Since these resistance elements R3a and R3b have different resistance values, as a result, the voltages supplied to the processors 131a and 131b can be different from each other. Therefore, it can be said that the above can be realized with a relatively simple configuration. In addition, as another embodiment, the switch elements 143a and 143b may be configured to have different on-resistances as an alternative / incidentally, and the same can be realized by this.
　また、システム上の動作安定性の確保のため、起動スイッチ１４５は、接地電圧またはそれに最も近い電源系統に設けられるとよい。本実施形態では、起動スイッチ１４５は、接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂのうち、接地電圧側に位置する接続部１４４ａに対して設けられる。これにより、起動時にはプロセッサ１３１ａに不測の電圧が加わることもない。よって、本実施形態によれば、バッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂの個々の給電機能の制御は更に適切に実現可能と云える。 Further, in order to ensure the operational stability on the system, the start switch 145 may be provided at the ground voltage or the power supply system closest to the ground voltage. In the present embodiment, the start switch 145 is provided for the connection portion 144a located on the ground voltage side of the connection portions 144a and 144b. As a result, an unexpected voltage is not applied to the processor 131a at startup. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it can be said that the control of the individual power feeding functions of the battery units 13a and 13b can be more appropriately realized.
　本実施形態ではバッテリユニット１３の数量を２としたが、バッテリユニット１３の数量が３以上の場合においても実施形態の内容を適用可能である。また、本実施形態では複数のバッテリユニット１３が直列接続で受電装置１４に電気接続される態様を例示したが、それらの接続態様が並列接続の場合においても実施形態の内容を適用可能である。 In the present embodiment, the quantity of the battery unit 13 is set to 2, but the content of the embodiment can be applied even when the quantity of the battery unit 13 is 3 or more. Further, in the present embodiment, a mode in which a plurality of battery units 13 are electrically connected to the power receiving device 14 in series connection is illustrated, but the content of the embodiment can be applied even when the connection mode is parallel connection.
　以上、本実施形態によれば、複数（実施形態では２つ）のバッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂは、それぞれ、その給電機能を制御するためのプロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂを備える。また、受電装置１４は、これらバッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂをそれぞれ電気接続可能な複数（実施形態では２つ）の接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂを備える。これらの接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂは、それらにバッテリユニット１３ａ及び１３ｂがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に、対応のプロセッサ１３１ａ及び１３１ｂに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成される。このことは、例えば、抵抗素子Ｒ３ａ及びＲ３ｂを互いに異なる抵抗値で構成することにより適切に実現可能である。本実施形態によれば、プロセッサ１３１ａ（１３１ｂ）は、バッテリユニット１３ａ（１３ｂ）が接続部１４４ａ及び１４４ｂの何れに電気接続されたかを検出可能となる。これにより、プロセッサ１３１ａ（１３１ｂ）は、該電気接続された接続部１４４ａ又は１４４ｂに応じた給電機能の制御を適切に実行可能となる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, the plurality of (two in the embodiment) battery units 13a and 13b are provided with processors 131a and 131b for controlling their power feeding functions, respectively. Further, the power receiving device 14 includes a plurality of (two in the embodiment) connecting portions 144a and 144b capable of electrically connecting the battery units 13a and 13b, respectively. These connection portions 144a and 144b are configured so that when the battery units 13a and 13b are electrically connected to them, the voltages supplied to the corresponding processors 131a and 131b have different values. This can be appropriately realized by, for example, configuring the resistance elements R3a and R3b with different resistance values. According to the present embodiment, the processor 131a (131b) can detect whether the battery unit 13a (13b) is electrically connected to the connection portion 144a or 144b. As a result, the processor 131a (131b) can appropriately control the power feeding function according to the electrically connected connection portion 144a or 144b.
　以上の説明においては、理解の容易化のため、各要素をその機能面に関連する名称で示したが、各要素は、実施形態で説明された内容を主機能として備えるものに限られるものではなく、それを補助的に備えるものであってもよい。 In the above description, for ease of understanding, each element is shown by a name related to its functional aspect, but each element is not limited to the one having the contents described in the embodiment as the main function. However, it may be provided as an auxiliary.
　（実施形態のまとめ）
　実施形態の各特徴は以下のとおり纏められる：
　第１の態様は受電装置（例えば１４）に係り、前記受電装置は、給電機能を制御するためのプロセッサ（例えば１３１ａ、１３１ｂ）をそれぞれが備える複数のバッテリユニット（例えば１３ａ、１３ｂ）から電力を受取り可能に構成された受電装置であって、前記複数のバッテリユニットをそれぞれ電気接続可能な複数の接続部（例えば１４４ａ、１４４ｂ）を備えており、前記複数の接続部は、それらに前記複数のバッテリユニットがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットの複数のプロセッサに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成されている
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、個々のバッテリユニットにおいて、プロセッサは、そのバッテリユニットが複数の接続部の何れに電気接続されたかを検出可能となり、該接続部に応じた給電機能の制御を適切に実行可能となる。 (Summary of Embodiment)
Each feature of the embodiment is summarized as follows:
The first aspect relates to a power receiving device (for example, 14), and the power receiving device receives power from a plurality of battery units (for example, 13a, 13b) each including a processor (for example, 131a, 131b) for controlling a power feeding function. It is a power receiving device configured to be receivable, and includes a plurality of connection portions (for example, 144a, 144b) capable of electrically connecting the plurality of battery units, and the plurality of connection portions are connected to the plurality of connection portions. It is characterized in that when the battery units are electrically connected to each other, the voltages supplied to the plurality of processors of the plurality of battery units are configured to have different values from each other. According to such a configuration, in each battery unit, the processor can detect which of the plurality of connections the battery unit is electrically connected to, and appropriately control the power supply function according to the connection. It becomes feasible.
　第２の態様では、前記複数の接続部のそれぞれは、対応のバッテリユニットからＤＣ電圧（例えば４８［Ｖ］）を受取り可能に構成されると共に該ＤＣ電圧に応じた電流を流す抵抗素子（例えばＲ３ａ、Ｒ３ｂ）を含んでおり、前記複数の接続部の間において前記抵抗素子の抵抗値は互いに異なっている
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、上記第１の態様を比較的簡便に実現可能となる。 In the second aspect, each of the plurality of connection portions is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage (for example, 48 [V]) from a corresponding battery unit, and a resistance element (for example, a resistance element) for passing a current corresponding to the DC voltage. R3a, R3b) are included, and the resistance values of the resistance elements are different from each other among the plurality of connecting portions. According to such a configuration, the first aspect can be realized relatively easily.
　第３の態様では、前記複数のプロセッサと通信するための通信部（例えば１４２）と、前記通信部を介して前記複数のプロセッサを個別に制御するための制御部（例えば１４１）と、を更に備える
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、個々のバッテリユニットの給電機能を個別に制御可能となる。 In the third aspect, a communication unit (for example, 142) for communicating with the plurality of processors and a control unit (for example, 141) for individually controlling the plurality of processors via the communication unit are further provided. It is characterized by being prepared. According to such a configuration, the power supply function of each battery unit can be individually controlled.
　第４の態様では、前記通信部は、更に前記複数のプロセッサを相互に通信可能とすることにより、該複数のプロセッサのうちの少なくとも１つ（例えば１３１ａ）が他のプロセッサ（例えば１３１ｂ）を制御することを許容する
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、或るバッテリユニットから他のバッテリユニットの給電機能を制御することも可能となる。 In the fourth aspect, the communication unit further enables the plurality of processors to communicate with each other, so that at least one of the plurality of processors (for example, 131a) controls another processor (for example, 131b). It is characterized by allowing it to be done. According to such a configuration, it is possible to control the power supply function of another battery unit from one battery unit.
　第５の態様では、前記通信部は、前記少なくとも１つのプロセッサが対応の接続部により供給された前記電圧に基づいて前記他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば上記第４の態様を適切に実現可能となる。 In a fifth aspect, the communication unit allows the at least one processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the corresponding connection unit. With such a configuration, the fourth aspect can be appropriately realized.
　第６の態様では、前記制御部は、前記複数のバッテリユニットが前記複数の接続部においてそれぞれ適切に電気接続されているか否かを、前記通信部による通信結果と、前記複数のプロセッサに供給される電圧と、に基づいて判定する
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、バッテリユニットの電気接続が適切に行われているか否かを個別に判定可能となる。 In the sixth aspect, the control unit supplies the communication result by the communication unit and the plurality of processors whether or not the plurality of battery units are appropriately electrically connected at the plurality of connection units. It is characterized in that the judgment is made based on the voltage and the voltage. According to such a configuration, it is possible to individually determine whether or not the electrical connection of the battery unit is properly performed.
　第７の態様では、前記複数の接続部は、前記複数のバッテリユニットが前記複数の接続部にそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットが直列接続となるように、構成されている
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、比較的大きい電圧を受電装置に供給可能となる。 In the seventh aspect, the plurality of connection portions are configured so that when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to the plurality of connection portions, the plurality of battery units are connected in series. It is characterized by. According to such a configuration, a relatively large voltage can be supplied to the power receiving device.
　第８の態様では、前記複数のバッテリユニットのうち最も接地電圧に近いものを第１のバッテリユニット（例えば１３ａ）とし、前記複数の接続部のうち前記第１のバッテリユニットに対応するものを第１の接続部（例えば１４４ａ）としたとき、前記受電装置は、前記第１の接続部に対して設けられ且つ前記第１のバッテリユニットの前記プロセッサを起動するための起動スイッチ（例えば１４５）を更に備える
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、プロセッサを起動する際、該プロセッサに不測の電圧が加わることもない。 In the eighth aspect, the one closest to the ground voltage among the plurality of battery units is referred to as the first battery unit (for example, 13a), and the one corresponding to the first battery unit among the plurality of connection portions is the first. When the connection portion (for example, 144a) is set to 1, the power receiving device is provided with respect to the first connection portion and has a start switch (for example, 145) for activating the processor of the first battery unit. It is characterized by further preparation. According to such a configuration, when the processor is started, an unexpected voltage is not applied to the processor.
　第９の態様は電動パワーユニット（例えばＰＵ）に係り、前記電動パワーユニットは、上述の受電装置（例えば１４）と、前記受電装置により前記複数のバッテリユニットから受け取った電力に基づいて動力を発生する電動モータ（例えば１２）と、を備える
　ことを特徴とする。即ち、上述の受電装置は公知の電動パワーユニットに適用可能である。 A ninth aspect relates to an electric power unit (for example, PU), in which the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned power receiving device (for example, 14) and the electric power received from the plurality of battery units by the power receiving device. It is characterized by including a motor (for example, 12). That is, the above-mentioned power receiving device can be applied to a known electric power unit.
　第１０の態様は作業機（例えば１）に係り、前記作業機は、上述の電動パワーユニット（例えばＰＵ）と、前記電動モータの前記動力に基づいて作業を実行可能な作業機構（例えば１１）と、を備える
　ことを特徴とする。即ち、上述の電動パワーユニットは公知の作業機に適用可能である。 A tenth aspect relates to a work machine (for example, 1), wherein the work machine includes the above-mentioned electric power unit (for example, PU) and a work mechanism (for example, 11) capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor. It is characterized by having. That is, the above-mentioned electric power unit can be applied to a known working machine.
　第１１の態様はバッテリユニット（例えば１３ａ）に係り、前記バッテリユニットは、受電装置（例えば１４）が備える複数の接続部（例えば１４４ａ、１４４ｂ）の何れかに電気接続可能に構成されたバッテリユニットであって、前記複数の接続部は、それらに複数のバッテリユニットがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成されており、前記バッテリユニットは、それが電気接続された接続部により供給された電圧に基づいて給電機能を制御可能なプロセッサ（例えば１３１ａ）を備える
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、個々のバッテリユニットにおいて、プロセッサは、そのバッテリユニットが複数の接続部の何れに電気接続されたかを検出可能となり、該接続部に応じた給電機能の制御を適切に実行可能となる。 The eleventh aspect relates to a battery unit (for example, 13a), and the battery unit is configured to be electrically connectable to any of a plurality of connection portions (for example, 144a and 144b) included in a power receiving device (for example, 14). The plurality of connection portions are configured such that the voltages supplied to the plurality of battery units are different from each other when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each of the plurality of connection portions. The battery unit comprises a processor (eg, 131a) capable of controlling the feeding function based on the voltage supplied by the electrically connected connection. According to such a configuration, in each battery unit, the processor can detect which of the plurality of connections the battery unit is electrically connected to, and appropriately control the power supply function according to the connection. It becomes feasible.
　第１２の態様では、前記複数の接続部のそれぞれは、対応のバッテリユニットからＤＣ電圧（例えば４８［Ｖ］）を受取り可能に構成されると共に該ＤＣ電圧に応じた電流を流す抵抗素子（例えばＲ３ａ、Ｒ３ｂ）を含み、かつ、該抵抗素子の抵抗値は前記複数の接続部の間で互いに異なっており、前記バッテリユニットは、前記ＤＣ電圧を出力可能に構成されている
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、上記第１の態様を比較的簡便に実現可能となる。 In the twelfth aspect, each of the plurality of connection portions is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage (for example, 48 [V]) from a corresponding battery unit, and a resistance element (for example, a resistance element) for flowing a current corresponding to the DC voltage. R3a, R3b) are included, and the resistance values of the resistance elements are different from each other among the plurality of connection portions, and the battery unit is configured to be capable of outputting the DC voltage. .. According to such a configuration, the first aspect can be realized relatively easily.
　第１３の態様では、前記接続部を介して前記受電装置と通信するための通信部（例えば１３２ａ）を更に備える
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、個々のバッテリユニットの給電機能を個別に制御可能となる。 A thirteenth aspect is further provided with a communication unit (for example, 132a) for communicating with the power receiving device via the connection unit. According to such a configuration, the power supply function of each battery unit can be individually controlled.
　第１４の態様では、前記通信部は、更に他のバッテリユニット（例えば１３ｂ）と通信可能に構成され、それにより、前記プロセッサが、前記他のバッテリユニットが備える他のプロセッサ（例えば１３１ｂ）を制御することを許容する
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、或るバッテリユニットから他のバッテリユニットの給電機能を制御することも可能となる。 In the fourteenth aspect, the communication unit is configured to be able to communicate with another battery unit (for example, 13b), whereby the processor controls another processor (for example, 131b) included in the other battery unit. It is characterized by allowing it to be done. According to such a configuration, it is possible to control the power supply function of another battery unit from one battery unit.
　第１５の態様では、前記通信部は、前記プロセッサが、前記接続部により供給された前記電圧に基づいて前記他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば上記第１４の態様を適切に実現可能となる。 In a fifteenth aspect, the communication unit allows the processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the connection unit. With such a configuration, the above-mentioned fourteenth aspect can be appropriately realized.
　第１６の態様では、前記バッテリユニットおよび前記他のバッテリユニットは、それらのそれぞれが対応の前記接続部に電気接続された場合、直列接続となる
　ことを特徴とする。このような構成によれば、比較的大きい電圧を受電装置に供給可能となる。 In a sixteenth aspect, the battery unit and the other battery units are connected in series when each of them is electrically connected to the corresponding connection. According to such a configuration, a relatively large voltage can be supplied to the power receiving device.
　第１７の態様は電動パワーユニット（例えばＰＵ）に係り、前記電動パワーユニットは、上述のバッテリユニット（例えば１３ａ）と、前記受電装置と、前記バッテリユニットから受け取った電力に基づいて動力を発生する電動モータ（例えば１２）と、を備える
　ことを特徴とする。即ち、上述のバッテリユニットは公知の電動パワーユニットに適用可能である。 A seventeenth aspect relates to an electric power unit (for example, PU), in which the electric power unit generates power based on the above-mentioned battery unit (for example, 13a), the power receiving device, and electric power received from the battery unit. (For example, 12) and. That is, the above-mentioned battery unit can be applied to a known electric power unit.
　第１８の態様は作業機に係り、前記作業機は、上述の電動パワーユニット（例えばＰＵ）と、前記電動モータの前記動力に基づいて作業を実行可能な作業機構（例えば１１）と、を備える
　ことを特徴とする。即ち、上述の電動パワーユニットは公知の作業機に適用可能である。 An eighteenth aspect relates to a work machine, which comprises the above-mentioned electric power unit (for example, PU) and a work mechanism (for example, 11) capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor. It is characterized by. That is, the above-mentioned electric power unit can be applied to a known working machine.
　発明は上記の実施形態に制限されるものではなく、発明の要旨の範囲内で、種々の変形・変更が可能である。 The invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the invention.

Claims (18)

  1. 　給電機能を制御するためのプロセッサをそれぞれが備える複数のバッテリユニットから電力を受取り可能に構成された受電装置であって、
    　前記複数のバッテリユニットをそれぞれ電気接続可能な複数の接続部を備えており、
    　前記複数の接続部は、それらに前記複数のバッテリユニットがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットの複数のプロセッサに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成されている
    　ことを特徴とする受電装置。     A power receiving device configured to be able to receive power from a plurality of battery units, each of which has a processor for controlling a power feeding function.
    It is provided with a plurality of connection portions capable of electrically connecting the plurality of battery units.
    The plurality of connections are configured so that when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each other, the voltages supplied to the plurality of processors of the plurality of battery units have different values from each other. A power receiving device characterized by.
  2. 　前記複数の接続部のそれぞれは、対応のバッテリユニットからＤＣ電圧を受取り可能に構成されると共に該ＤＣ電圧に応じた電流を流す抵抗素子を含んでおり、
    　前記複数の接続部の間において前記抵抗素子の抵抗値は互いに異なっている
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の受電装置。     Each of the plurality of connection portions includes a resistance element that is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage from a corresponding battery unit and that allows a current to flow according to the DC voltage.
    The power receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the resistance values of the resistance elements are different from each other among the plurality of connecting portions.
  3. 　前記複数のプロセッサと通信するための通信部と、
    　前記通信部を介して前記複数のプロセッサを個別に制御するための制御部と、
    　を更に備える
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の受電装置。     A communication unit for communicating with the plurality of processors,
    A control unit for individually controlling the plurality of processors via the communication unit,
    The power receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising.
  4. 　前記通信部は、更に前記複数のプロセッサを相互に通信可能とすることにより、該複数のプロセッサのうちの少なくとも１つが他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項３記載の受電装置。     The third aspect of claim 3, wherein the communication unit further enables at least one of the plurality of processors to control another processor by enabling the plurality of processors to communicate with each other. Power receiving device.
  5. 　前記通信部は、前記少なくとも１つのプロセッサが対応の接続部により供給された前記電圧に基づいて前記他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項４記載の受電装置。     The power receiving device according to claim 4, wherein the communication unit allows the at least one processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the corresponding connection unit.
  6. 　前記制御部は、前記複数のバッテリユニットが前記複数の接続部においてそれぞれ適切に電気接続されているか否かを、前記通信部による通信結果と、前記複数のプロセッサに供給される電圧と、に基づいて判定する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項３から請求項５の何れか１項記載の受電装置。     The control unit determines whether or not the plurality of battery units are appropriately electrically connected at the plurality of connection units, based on the communication result by the communication unit and the voltage supplied to the plurality of processors. The power receiving device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the determination is made.
  7. 　前記複数の接続部は、前記複数のバッテリユニットが前記複数の接続部にそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットが直列接続となるように、構成されている
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６の何れか１項記載の受電装置。     The plurality of connection portions are configured such that when the plurality of battery units are electrically connected to the plurality of connection portions, the plurality of battery units are connected in series. The power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
  8. 　前記複数のバッテリユニットのうち最も接地電圧に近いものを第１のバッテリユニットとし、前記複数の接続部のうち前記第１のバッテリユニットに対応するものを第１の接続部としたとき、
    　前記受電装置は、前記第１の接続部に対して設けられ且つ前記第１のバッテリユニットの前記プロセッサを起動するための起動スイッチを更に備える
    　ことを特徴とする請求項７記載の受電装置。     When the one closest to the ground voltage among the plurality of battery units is designated as the first battery unit, and the one corresponding to the first battery unit among the plurality of connecting portions is designated as the first connecting portion.
    The power receiving device according to claim 7, wherein the power receiving device is provided for the first connection portion and further includes a start switch for starting the processor of the first battery unit.
  9. 　請求項１から請求項８の何れか１項記載の受電装置と、
    　前記受電装置により前記複数のバッテリユニットから受け取った電力に基づいて動力を発生する電動モータと、を備える
    　ことを特徴とする電動パワーユニット。     The power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
    An electric power unit including an electric motor that generates power based on electric power received from the plurality of battery units by the power receiving device.
  10. 　請求項９記載の電動パワーユニットと、
    　前記電動モータの前記動力に基づいて作業を実行可能な作業機構と、を備える
    　ことを特徴とする作業機。     The electric power unit according to claim 9 and
    A work machine including a work mechanism capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor.
  11. 　受電装置が備える複数の接続部の何れかに電気接続可能に構成されたバッテリユニットであって、
    　前記複数の接続部は、それらに複数のバッテリユニットがそれぞれ電気接続された場合に該複数のバッテリユニットに供給される電圧が互いに異なる値となるように、構成されており、
    　前記バッテリユニットは、それが電気接続された接続部により供給された電圧に基づいて給電機能を制御可能なプロセッサを備える
    　ことを特徴とするバッテリユニット。     A battery unit configured to be electrically connected to any of a plurality of connections provided in a power receiving device.
    The plurality of connection portions are configured so that when a plurality of battery units are electrically connected to each other, the voltages supplied to the plurality of battery units have different values.
    The battery unit comprises a processor capable of controlling a power feeding function based on a voltage supplied by a connection portion to which the battery unit is electrically connected.
  12. 　前記複数の接続部のそれぞれは、対応のバッテリユニットからＤＣ電圧を受取り可能に構成されると共に該ＤＣ電圧に応じた電流を流す抵抗素子を含み、かつ、該抵抗素子の抵抗値は前記複数の接続部の間で互いに異なっており、
    　前記バッテリユニットは、前記ＤＣ電圧を出力可能に構成されている
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１１記載のバッテリユニット。     Each of the plurality of connection portions includes a resistance element that is configured to be able to receive a DC voltage from a corresponding battery unit and flows a current corresponding to the DC voltage, and the resistance value of the resistance element is the plurality of. The connections are different from each other and
    The battery unit according to claim 11, wherein the battery unit is configured to be capable of outputting the DC voltage.
  13. 　前記接続部を介して前記受電装置と通信するための通信部を更に備える
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１１または請求項１２記載のバッテリユニット。     The battery unit according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising a communication unit for communicating with the power receiving device via the connection unit.
  14. 　前記通信部は、更に他のバッテリユニットと通信可能に構成され、それにより、前記プロセッサが、前記他のバッテリユニットが備える他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１３記載のバッテリユニット。     13. The communication unit is configured to be communicable with another battery unit, thereby allowing the processor to control another processor included in the other battery unit. Battery unit.
  15. 　前記通信部は、前記プロセッサが、前記接続部により供給された前記電圧に基づいて前記他のプロセッサを制御することを許容する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１４記載のバッテリユニット。     14. The battery unit according to claim 14, wherein the communication unit allows the processor to control the other processor based on the voltage supplied by the connection unit.
  16. 　前記バッテリユニットおよび前記他のバッテリユニットは、それらのそれぞれが対応の前記接続部に電気接続された場合、直列接続となる
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１４または請求項１５記載のバッテリユニット。     The battery unit according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the battery unit and the other battery unit are connected in series when each of them is electrically connected to the corresponding connection portion.
  17. 　請求項１１から請求項１６の何れか１項記載のバッテリユニットと、
    　前記受電装置と、
    　前記バッテリユニットから受け取った電力に基づいて動力を発生する電動モータと、を備える
    　ことを特徴とする電動パワーユニット。     The battery unit according to any one of claims 11 to 16.
    With the power receiving device
    An electric power unit including an electric motor that generates power based on the electric power received from the battery unit.
  18. 　請求項１７記載の電動パワーユニットと、
    　前記電動モータの前記動力に基づいて作業を実行可能な作業機構と、を備える
    　ことを特徴とする作業機。     The electric power unit according to claim 17 and
    A work machine including a work mechanism capable of performing work based on the power of the electric motor.
PCT/JP2019/040294 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 Power reception device, battery unit, electric power unit and work machine WO2021070377A1 (en)

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