WO2021068200A1 - 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统 - Google Patents

一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021068200A1
WO2021068200A1 PCT/CN2019/110622 CN2019110622W WO2021068200A1 WO 2021068200 A1 WO2021068200 A1 WO 2021068200A1 CN 2019110622 W CN2019110622 W CN 2019110622W WO 2021068200 A1 WO2021068200 A1 WO 2021068200A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ellipsoidal
adaptive
support
bearing
column
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/110622
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
楼振越
Original Assignee
上海能耀新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海能耀新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海能耀新能源科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/110622 priority Critical patent/WO2021068200A1/zh
Publication of WO2021068200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021068200A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the patent is applicable to the tracking support of solar panels of solar power plants, and particularly relates to an adjustable solar tracking support for large-scale use.
  • the solar automatic tracker can help solar photovoltaic or photothermal devices (such as photovoltaic panels, etc.) to better receive sunlight to improve power generation efficiency, thereby reducing power generation costs.
  • Common solar trackers taking photovoltaics as an example, can be roughly divided into two categories, namely single-axis trackers and dual-axis trackers.
  • the single-axis tracker mainly tracks the east-west movement of the sun, and the dual-axis tracker can track the sun's movement in the east-west and north-south directions at the same time.
  • the advantage of the single-axis tracker is that the system structure is simple, and most of the benefits of dual-axis tracking can be obtained on the basis of very little cost, thereby reducing the solar energy production cost most effectively .
  • CN106972813A discloses a manual single-axis tracking solar support. See Figure 1. It includes a support, an angle adjustment support, a solar panel fixing support, and a supporting beam.
  • the support is made of channel steel and has an inverted "T" structure, and a bearing seat is installed on the top. ,Used to be movably connected with the hollow shaft.
  • the angle adjustment bracket is provided with a plurality of equidistant holes on the semicircular support rods, which are fixed coaxially with the holes by bolts.
  • the prior art patent changes the structure of the supporting column to an inverted "T” type mechanism, and the contact point with the ground becomes an edge, which improves the stability of the support, but the inverted "T” grounding edge requires additional material costs. , Resulting in increased product costs and insufficient competitiveness. At the same time, this structure cannot be widely applied to ground photovoltaic power plants due to the additional labor cost caused by manual adjustment.
  • CN106026884A discloses a tracking support structure for push-pull rods, see Figure 2, which is composed of a driving device, a driving arm, a push-pull rod, a driven arm and components.
  • the push-pull rod is connected with the driven arm so that the components follow the driving arm to rotate and track the sun The angle changes.
  • the connection between the rotating beam of this structure and the bearing and the bearing box is mainly the traditional method of bolt connection, and the beam cannot adapt well to the undulating ground.
  • the disadvantage of this structure is that the initial angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is affected by the length deviation of the push-pull rod, the installation error of the row spacing, etc., which leads to the tracking accuracy of the solar tracking bracket and ultimately affects the power generation.
  • US2016/0013751A1 discloses a tracking support system for solar panels, including: a fixed ground anchor structure; a movable structure, which includes a platform for supporting solar panels, the platform can be rotatably installed around the main axis of rotation On the fixed structure; the anchor structure of the fixed ground is "A" shape.
  • the flatness of the ground is required to be high. When the ground is uneven, it affects the performance of the entire system.
  • This patent discloses a mechanical system for driving a movable structure to rotate around a main axis of rotation; an actuation system, which is coupled to its mechanical drive system through a mechanical transmission device extending parallel to the main axis of rotation, and drives the platform to rotate accordingly.
  • the supporting structure realizes synchronous rotation of a row of tracking brackets by driving a tracking bracket to rotate, and driving a driven mechanism through a transmission mechanism to realize a row of tracking brackets to rotate synchronously, thereby saving cost.
  • the patent further provides ways to apply different mechanical transmission devices. At the same time, it adopts an open worm gear mechanism, which is easily affected by the environment, such as sand or other foreign objects entering the meshing place, which may cause jamming.
  • the threaded rod has a fixed length.
  • the lower end of the threaded rod 261 is engaged with the nut 260.
  • the nut 260 is fixed to the horizontal shaft 264 of the structure 21 through the A-shaped structure.
  • Vertical threaded rod 261 the threaded rod can extend out of the fixing nut during the transmission process, this way is easy for other parts to interfere, and the space requirement is large. Therefore, the nut cannot be installed near the upper side of the battery plate, otherwise the battery plate may be damaged when the threaded rod extends upward, and the fixing method is complicated.
  • the transmission mechanism is installed in a lower position and its application is limited, especially in the case of agricultural light complementation or complex terrain, so that the lower part of the bracket cannot pass through or affect planting.
  • the shortcomings of the patent also include that the transmission system installed near the ground is more likely to be damaged by flooding or heavy snow.
  • conveyor belts must be passed between the uprights of different mechanisms, so that the uprights have to avoid the transmission belt, and can only be used for A-shaped uprights and cannot be applied on a single upright, resulting in high costs.
  • CN206490639U discloses a solar tracking support structure, see Figure 4, the structure has a dual-axis system, the day angle adjustment drive component can adjust the angle clockwise or counterclockwise along the central axis of the solar panel, and adjust the support through the seasonal angle
  • the angle of the rod 6' is adjusted by adjusting the position of the fixed hook connected to the column, but because the length of the adjusting support rod 6'is fixed, the angle adjustment range is limited and can only be performed within a small range
  • this support rod structure is only suitable for seasonal adjustments, and is not suitable for tracking the angle of the sun daily.
  • connection method between the rotating beam and the bearing and the bearing box is mainly bolt connection, which has poor adaptability to ground undulations.
  • these existing structures either use the support of a single column and do not have a good support for the photovoltaic module row, and the stability is poor.
  • Either a single column is changed to multiple columns, such as an A-shaped three-sided structure, or an inverted "T" support column.
  • a stable support structure is adopted, it also increases the material cost, resulting in a lack of competitiveness of the product.
  • the installation of the transmission mechanism close to the ground side also has many disadvantages.
  • this patent proposes a new solution, which is applied to large-scale solar power stations, uses the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing and can better adapt to ground fluctuations, and improve the adaptability of the photovoltaic tracking bracket.
  • the solution of this patent not only realizes a single drive device to drive a row of solar panels, but also a single-axis tracker with a more stable structure and a more economical material.
  • the patented solution designs the overall structure of an adaptive bearing for the photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the adaptive bearing structure can be used to connect the column and the beam, and form a stable triangular connection structure with the dynamic triangular tracking support structure, which not only saves costs, but also And because of the triangular stable structure, the system performance is more stable.
  • installing the transmission device on the side (upper side) close to the solar panel can better adapt to the environment.
  • a solar single-axis tracking bracket containing spherical adaptive bearings It includes a main beam, several beams, a driving rotation mechanism, and a plurality of single uprights.
  • the main beam and several beams are fastened together, one beam and one beam
  • the column is corresponding, characterized in that an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is arranged between a beam and a corresponding column.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing includes an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing core and a support frame.
  • the two ends of the bearing core are Concave or convex ellipsoid
  • the inner side of the upper end of the support frame forms a convex or concave ellipsoid surface
  • the inner and outer convex or concave ellipsoid is matched with the two ends of the concave or convex ellipsoidal bearing core
  • the bearing core Placed on the support frame, fixedly installed on the column, and a driving rotating mechanism, the driving rotating mechanism pushes the center of the beam to rotate around the connecting shaft of the column.
  • the driving rotating device includes a drive shaft to transmit the rotating power.
  • the power of the drive shaft comes from the motor,
  • the gearbox or linkage shaft the beam rotates around the column, so as to achieve the function of tracking the sun's trajectory.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing also includes a support rod and bolts.
  • the center of the ellipsoidal bearing core passes through the support rod structure, and the bearing core is tightly connected with the support rod.
  • the bearing and the support frame are fixed on the column with bolts and pass through the bearing core.
  • the two ends of the support rod respectively pass through the openings at the corresponding positions of the beam.
  • At least one opening is provided on the upright column, and at least one annular hole on the support frame of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing corresponds to the opening on the upright column, and is used to adjust the angle after being fixedly connected with the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing to adapt to the respective site. The installation is skewed due to the cause.
  • annular holes there are two annular holes at the lower end of the support frame, and the two annular holes correspond to the two strip-shaped holes on the upright column.
  • the two ends of the bearing core are spherical or concave spherical, and a concave or convex spherical surface is formed on the inner side of the upper end of the support frame, which is matched with the two ends of the convex or concave bearing core.
  • the ellipsoidal bearing core and the support rod structure are integrally formed.
  • the support frame of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing on the column has two annular holes, and the annular opening at the lower end is longer than the upper end.
  • the linkage shaft which is connected to the drive shaft of each rotary drive mechanism.
  • the motor drives the drive shaft of one rotary drive mechanism to rotate
  • the linkage shaft rotates synchronously and drives the drive shafts of other rotary drive mechanisms to follow. So as to realize the synchronous movement of all the rotary drive mechanisms.
  • linkage shaft is installed on the side far away from the ground and close to the main beam.
  • the rotary drive mechanism is a retractable support structure including a transmission mechanism composed of a gear set and a lead screw.
  • a transmission mechanism composed of a gear set and a lead screw.
  • the linkage shaft is connected to the drive shaft of each support structure.
  • the motor drives the drive shaft of one support structure to rotate
  • the linkage shaft rotates synchronously and drives the drive shafts of other support structures to follow, thereby realizing all
  • the supporting structure does synchronous telescopic movement.
  • the gear set includes a bevel gear set.
  • the support structure also includes a guide inner sleeve and a guide outer sleeve.
  • the guide inner sleeve can be driven to move up and down in the guide outer sleeve.
  • cross-sectional shape of the single column is C-shaped or I-shaped.
  • the main body material of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is metal, especially the core body and the support rod are metal materials.
  • an adjustment bracket 9 with a plurality of equally spaced circular holes, and the adjustment bracket is fixedly installed on the column, and the support rod structure passes through a circular hole of the adjustment bracket to adapt to the adjustment of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing angle When adapting to the change of the end position of the support rod.
  • the material of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is metal materials such as cast iron, cast steel, and cast aluminum.
  • the main beam 2 may be one or two, and also includes a secondary beam.
  • it also includes a solar panel, which is installed above the main beam.
  • FIG. 3 A single-axis solar tracking support structure with a driven device and a support rod in the prior art
  • Figure 5 Schematic diagram of installation of ellipsoidal adaptive bearing and column and beam
  • Figure 6 a Schematic diagram of installation of convex ellipsoidal adaptive bearing
  • FIG. 6b Schematic diagram of installation of concave ellipsoidal adaptive bearing
  • FIG. 7 Schematic diagram of the patented solar single beam tracking bracket system
  • FIG. 8 Schematic diagram of the patented solar dual-beam tracking bracket system
  • FIG. 9 Schematic diagram of the patented solar three-beam tracking bracket system
  • Figure 13 Schematic diagram of dynamic triangle tracking support structure with ellipsoidal adaptive bearing installed
  • Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the installation of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing, the column, the beam and the adjusting bracket
  • Photovoltaic module 2. Main beam 3. Cross beam 4. Telescopic support structure 5. Column 6. Linkage shaft 7. Secondary beam 8. Elliptical adaptive bearing assembly
  • FIG. 5 shows the installation of the patented ellipsoidal adaptive bearing system.
  • Figures 7-9 are the solar single-axis tracking brackets containing the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing shown in Figure 5, including the main beam, several beams, driving rotation mechanism, and multiple single columns.
  • the main beam is fastened to several beams, one beam corresponds to a column, an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is set between the beam and the corresponding column, and the bearing core is concave or convex at both ends
  • the ellipsoid and the inner side of the upper end of the support frame form a convex or concave ellipsoid surface.
  • the inner and outer convex or concave ellipsoid is matched with the concave or convex ellipsoidal bearing core surface, and the bearing core is placed on the support frame and fixed Installed on the column, the column is provided with at least one opening, the support frame of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing has at least one annular hole corresponding to the opening on the column, and a driving rotation mechanism that pushes the center of the cross beam around the connection axis of the column
  • the drive rotating mechanism includes a drive shaft to transmit rotating power.
  • the power of the drive shaft comes from a motor, a reduction box or a linkage shaft.
  • the beam rotates around the column to achieve the function of tracking the sun's trajectory.
  • the concave or convex end surfaces of the ellipsoidal bearing core are matched with the convex or concave surface formed on the inner side of the upper end of the support frame. According to the installation site, even if the ground is uneven, the axis of the ellipsoidal bearing core presents a certain angle
  • the oblique, ellipsoidal spherical bearing adopts spherical fit, and slides in the spherical surface to adapt to the deflection caused by terrain undulation and product installation deviation. Unlike ordinary plastic cylindrical sliding bearings, clearance is used to compensate for installation deviation. There is no gap, no shaking or vibration under the action of wind, no noise or wear caused by this, the product is safer and more reliable.
  • Spherical adaptive bearings are mainly made of metal, and there is no aging problem caused by plastic bearings due to outdoor applications. Compared with other bearings, the spherical bearing adopts spherical contact, the force is more uniform, and there is no stress concentration.
  • the spherical self-adaptive bearing adopts the axis of the spherical bearing core to slide and adjust in the support frame, which is simple to realize, does not need extra parts to adjust, and saves manpower.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing assembly components include an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing core 81, a spacer (not shown), a support frame 83, a spacer, and a retaining ring (not shown) ⁇ ) and bolt 85.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing core is installed between the support frames of the crossbeam.
  • the inner part of the support frame and the outer convex ellipsoidal bearing core are in a concave circular shape.
  • the bearing core 81 is placed on the support frame 83. After installation, the two heads are covered with a spacer. After being installed, this part is fastened to the upright post by bolts 85. Then install the ellipsoidal self-adaptive bearing mounting component and the beam together.
  • the two ends of the bearing core respectively pass through the openings in the corresponding position of the beam, and the two ends are covered with spacers, and the retaining ring is used to block the beam to prevent the beam from being axially along the bearing core Flutter.
  • spacers and retaining ring components are used to prevent the beam from moving axially along the bearing core
  • the spacers and retaining rings may not be used, or other replaceable components are also used to prevent the beam from moving along the bearing core.
  • the bearing core moves axially.
  • the bearing core shown in Fig. 6b is a concave ellipsoid, and correspondingly, the inner part of the support frame and the inner concave ellipsoidal bearing core are in a convex circular shape.
  • Two strip-shaped openings are provided on the upright post of Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b, and the positions respectively correspond to the two annular openings on the support frame of the bearing, and the bearing is fixed to the upright post by screws.
  • the opening on the column is strip-shaped, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the fixed ball valve.
  • Two ring-shaped openings, the lower opening is larger than the upper opening, to adapt to the installation deflection caused by the respective reasons on site.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b there are two openings on the column, but one opening or multiple openings can also be provided.
  • the support frame of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is also provided with an annular hole or multiple annular holes and openings on the column. Corresponding to adapt to the installation deflection caused by the respective reasons on site.
  • the photovoltaic tracking support with an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing of this patent includes three tracking supports: single-beam photovoltaic tracking support, double-beam photovoltaic tracking support, and three-beam photovoltaic tracking support.
  • FIG 7-9 shows the solar tracking system installed with the patented ellipsoidal adaptive bearing.
  • the solar tracking system in Fig. 7 includes: photovoltaic module 1, main beam 2, cross beam 3, support structure 4, column 5, linkage shaft 6 and ellipsoidal adaptive bearing.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is installed between the beam and the column as shown in Figure 6.
  • the main beam is fastened to several beams, and the photovoltaic modules are installed on the main beam.
  • One end of the telescopic support structure is connected with the beam, and the other end is connected with the corresponding column.
  • the beam and the corresponding column are connected together by the support structure 4 to form a dynamic triangular support, and the center of the beam can rotate around the connecting axis of the column.
  • the dynamic triangular tracking support structure transmits rotational power through the drive shaft, and the power of the drive shaft comes from the motor, the reduction gear box or the linkage shaft.
  • the telescopic support structure produces linear motion due to the drive of the drive shaft, pushing the beam to rotate around the column, so as to achieve the function of tracking the sun's trajectory.
  • the solar tracking system of Fig. 8 is different from Fig. 7 only in that it has two main beam structures.
  • the solar tracking system of Fig. 9 is different from Fig. 7 only in that there are two main beam structures, and there is also a secondary beam structure located at the center of the two main beams.
  • 10-12 are the structure diagram and action diagram of the dynamic triangular tracking support rod structure of this patent.
  • the telescopic support rod structure 4 of this patent forms a dynamic triangular stable support structure with the column 5 and the beam 3, which saves the material for the support column and improves the bearing capacity and stability of the support structure.
  • the length of the support rod is extended
  • the adjustment of the PV module realizes the rotation direction of the photovoltaic module and realizes the daily tracking of the sun.
  • the dynamic triangular tracking support rod structure 4 in the preferred embodiment of this patent includes: a base 41, a bearing 42, a bevel gear 43, a bearing 44, a drive shaft 45, a bevel gear 46, a bearing 47,
  • the bearing 42 is installed on the base and connected with the drive shaft 45.
  • the bevel gear 43 is connected to the drive shaft 45 through a key.
  • the bearing 44 is mounted on the base 41 and is mounted with the drive shaft 45.
  • the bevel gear 46 and the lead screw 48 are connected together by a key, and the bevel gear 46 and the bevel gear 43 mesh together to form a gear pair, which can transmit torque, thereby driving the rotation of the lead screw 48.
  • the bearing 47 is installed on the base 41 and cooperates with the lead screw 48.
  • the thrust bearing 49 is mounted on the lead screw 48.
  • the transmission nut 53 is connected with the lead screw, and the outer side of the transmission nut 53 and the inner side of the guide inner sleeve 52 are fastened together.
  • the in-situ rotation of the screw 48 can push the transmission nut 53 to move linearly along the screw 48, so that the guide inner sleeve 52 can move up and down in the guide outer sleeve 51 (the sequence of movement from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 in the above figure), resulting in support
  • the overall length of the rod structure 4 is reduced or increased, that is, the expansion and contraction of the support rod structure 4 is realized.
  • an ellipsoidal adaptive bearing and a telescopic support structure as shown in Fig. 5 are installed on each column to form a triangular dynamic tracking support structure.
  • a driving device such as a motor is connected to the drive shaft 45 of one of the support rod structures 4, preferably the support rod structure 4 in the center position, and is connected to the drive shaft 45 of the other support rod structures 4 through a transmission device, such as a linkage shaft 6.
  • a transmission device such as a linkage shaft 6.
  • the telescopic support structure 4 transmits rotational power through a drive shaft, and the power of the drive shaft comes from a motor, a reduction gear box or a linkage shaft.
  • the dynamic triangle tracking support structure produces linear motion due to the driving of the drive shaft, pushing the beam to rotate around the column, thereby achieving the function of tracking the sun's trajectory.
  • Figure 10 of this patent discloses a telescopic support rod structure 4, which is a rod structure. Under the action of a driving device, the overall length of the support rod can be changed to achieve telescopic movement.
  • the method of FIGS. 11-12 of this patent can be used to realize the telescopic movement of the support rod of FIG. 10, and other methods known in the art can also be used to realize the telescopic support rod structure 4 of FIG. 10 of this patent.
  • the drive shaft drives the rotation of the gear set and the lead screw to drive the inner sleeve to expand and contract in the outer sleeve, so that the expansion and contraction of the support rod is only a preferred embodiment of this patent. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that other structures can also be used to achieve the expansion and contraction of the support rod, as long as the support rod is telescopic, so that a stable dynamic triangular support is formed between the support rod structure 4 and the beam and the corresponding column. Both can realize stable support and save the material of the column.
  • a linkage shaft 6 is provided.
  • the function of the linkage shaft 6 is to save the drive motor.
  • Preferably, only one motor is used to drive the drive shaft 45 of the support rod structure 4 at the central position of the column.
  • the linkage shaft 6 By using the linkage shaft 6 to realize the follow-up of the drive shaft 45 of the support rod structure 4 in other positions, the synchronous expansion and contraction of each support rod structure 4 can be realized.
  • the photovoltaic modules After the photovoltaic modules are installed, they are on the same plane, because they have to adapt to the undulations of the ground. For this reason, it is preferable to use an adjusting bracket 9 as shown in Figure 14 for the installation of the support rod structure and the column.
  • a plurality of equally spaced circular holes are arranged on the adjusting bracket 9 to fix the adjusting bracket to the column.
  • the support rod 4 structure Pass through a circular hole of the adjusting bracket to adapt to the change of the end position of the support rod 4 when the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing angle is adjusted.
  • the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing mounting part maintains a certain angle with the beam as a whole, and it does not change with the angle of the dynamic triangle tracking support structure.
  • the material of the ellipsoidal adaptive bearing is metal materials such as cast iron, cast steel and cast aluminum.
  • a retractable support rod structure is set up. While tracking the sun every day, the support rod structure can form a stable dynamic triangular structure with the columns and beams, providing good stability for the PV modules during tracking operation.
  • the structure is simple and the cost is low. Because the dynamic triangle support structure is stable, there is no need to design the support column into a more stable structure such as A-shaped or inverted T-shaped. Only one column can be used to obtain stable support, and because of the dynamic triangle The supporting structure also correspondingly shares the pressure borne by the column. Compared with the traditional single column, the single column of this patent has lower requirements on the bearing capacity of the single column, further saves the use of materials, is easy to transport and Installation and maintenance.
  • the driving device and the linkage shaft are located under the battery board, and are protected by the battery board itself from rain, snow or direct sunlight. At the same time, it improves the passage under the tracking system, which can be adapted to a larger range of complex terrain (such as agricultural light complementation). Compared with the system where the drive shaft and the linkage shaft are installed close to the ground, the drive system and the linkage system have no risk of being flooded.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种包含椭球形自适应轴承（8）的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，包括主梁（2）、若干个横梁（3）、驱动旋转机构、多个单根立柱（5），主梁（2）与若干个横梁（3）紧固在一起，一根横梁（3）与一根立柱（5）对应，在一根横梁（3）与对应的一根立柱（5）之间设置一个椭球形自适应轴承（8），椭球形自适应轴承芯（81）两端为内凹或外凸的椭球体，支撑架（83）上端内侧形成一个外凸或内凹的椭球面，该外凸或内凹的椭球面与内凹或外凸的椭球形自适应轴承芯（81）端面配合，将椭球形自适应轴承芯（81）放置在支撑架（83）上，固定安装在立柱（5）上，还包括一个驱动旋转机构，驱动旋转机构推动横梁（3）中心绕立柱（5）连接轴处旋转，驱动旋转机构包括驱动轴（45）来传递旋转动力，驱动轴（45）的动力来自于常规驱动装置，横梁（3）围绕立柱（5）旋转，从而达到跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。

Description

一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统 技术领域：
本专利适用太阳能发电厂的太阳能电池板的跟踪支架，尤其涉及一种大规模使用的可调节太阳能跟踪支架。
背景技术:
太阳能自动跟踪器能帮助太阳能光电或光热装置(如光伏电池板等)以更好的接受太阳光照射，用来提高发电效率，从而降低发电成本。常见的太阳能跟踪器以光伏为例大致可分为两类，分别为单轴跟踪器和双轴跟踪器。单轴跟踪器以追踪太阳的东西向移动为主，双轴跟踪器能同时追踪东西和南北方向的太阳运动。相对于双轴跟踪器，单轴跟踪器的好处是系统结构简单，在使用很少的成本的基础上，即可获得绝大部分双轴追踪带来的好处，从而最有效地降低太阳能生产成本。
CN106972813A公开了一种手动单轴跟踪太阳能支架，参见图1，包括支座、角度调节支架、太阳能电池板固定支架、支撑横梁，支座由槽钢构成倒“T”结构，顶部安装有轴承座，用于与中空轴活动连接，角度调节支架由半圆支杆上有多个等距离的孔，通过插销与孔同轴固定。该现有技术专利将支持用立柱的结构改为倒“T”型机构，与地面的接触点变成一条边，支持稳定性有所提高，但是倒“T”的接地边需要额外的材料成本，导致产品成本增加，竞争力不足。同时，该结构因为手动调节造成的额外人工成本无法大范围应用于地面光伏电站。
CN106026884A公开了一种推拉杆的跟踪支架结构，参见图2，由驱动装置、驱动臂、推拉杆、从动臂和组件构成，推拉杆与从动臂连接，使得组件跟随驱动臂转动，跟踪太阳角度变化。这种结构转动梁和轴承及轴承箱之间的连接方式主要为螺栓连接的传统方式，横梁无法很好的适应起伏的地面。另外，该结构形式的缺点是光伏跟踪支架的起始角度收到推拉杆长度偏差、排间距安装误差等的影响从而导致太阳能跟踪支架的跟踪精度，最终影响发电量。
US2016/0013751A1公开了一种太阳能电池板的跟踪支撑系统，包括：固定的地面锚结构；可移动结构，其包括用于支撑太阳能电池板的平台，该平台可绕旋转主轴线可旋转地安装在固定结构上；固定地面的锚结构为“A”字型，另外，对地面的平整度要求较高，地面不平起伏时，影响整个系统的性能。
该专利公开了机械系统用于驱动可移动结构绕旋转主轴线旋转；致动系统，其通过平行于旋转主轴线延伸的机械传动装置耦合到其机械驱动系统，相应地驱动平台旋转。该支撑结构与通过驱动一个跟踪支架转动，通过传动机构带动从动机构实现一列的跟踪支架同步转动， 节省了成本。
该专利进一步给出了应用不同的机械传动装置的方式。同时，其采用了开放式的蜗轮蜗杆机构，容易受到环境如影响,如砂石或其它异物进入啮合处容易造成卡死。
另外，蜗轮蜗杆由于其结构本身的原因，其轴线空间垂直交叉，导致驱动中心偏移，最终导致传动轴和固定轴不能固定共轴，从而使安装固定复杂。
另外，其还给出了一种用传送带传动的螺纹杆机构，参见图3，其螺纹杆为固定长度，螺纹杆261下端啮合在螺母260，螺母260通过A型结构固定结构21的水平轴264垂直螺纹杆261，传动过程中螺纹杆可伸出固定螺母，这种方式易于其它零件发生干涉，空间要求大。因此，不能将螺母安装在靠近电池板的上侧，否则螺纹杆向上伸出时电池板可能会被顶坏，固定方式复杂。其为了避开干涉而把传动机构装在靠下的位置安装同时限制了其应用，尤其如农光互补或者复杂地形中使支架下部无法通过或者影响种植。
另外，该专利的不足还包括在靠近地面侧安装传动系统更容易遭遇水淹或者大雪而被损坏。同时不同机构立柱之间要通过传送带，使立柱不得不避开传动带，只能用于A型立柱，无法在单立柱上应用，导致成本高。
CN206490639U公开了一种太阳能跟踪支架结构，参见图4，该结构具有双轴系统，日角度调节驱动部件可以沿着调整电池板沿着中心轴线顺时针或逆时针调整角度，以及通过季节角度调整支撑杆6’，通过调整固定钩连接在立柱上的位置来调整的角度，但是由于调整支撑杆6’的长度是固定的，因此角度调整范围是受限制的，仅能在一个微小的范围内进行，这种支撑杆结构仅适用于季节的调整，并不适合每日跟踪太阳的角度。另外，其零件较多，结构复杂，从而导致可能出现可靠性问题。
这些传统的跟踪器结构，通过手动或电机驱动，使得太阳能电池板跟随太阳光的角度转动。另外，现有技术的跟踪器结构，尤其是单转动梁结构，转动梁和轴承及轴承箱之间的连接方式主要为螺栓连接，对地面起伏的适应性比较差。
另外，这些现有的结构要么使用单根立柱的支撑没有对光伏组件排有很好的支撑，稳定性较差。要么将单根立柱改为多根，例如三个边结构成A字形的，或倒“T”的支持立柱，虽然采用了稳定的支持结构，同时也增加材料成本，导致产品缺少竞争力。另外，传动机构靠近地面侧安装也存在诸多不利方面。
为同时解决以上多个技术问题，本专利提出一种新方案，应用于大规模的太阳能发电站，使用本椭球形自适应轴承以及可以较好的适应地面起伏，提高光伏跟踪支架的适应性。另外，本专利的方案不仅实现了一个驱动装置驱动一列太阳能电池板，而且结构更为稳定， 材料更节省的单轴追踪器。本专利方案为该光伏跟踪支架设计了自适应轴承的整体结构，且该自适应轴承结构可以用于连接立柱和横梁，并与动态三角形跟踪支撑结构形成稳定的三角形连接结构，不仅节约了成本，而且由于三角形的稳定结构，系统性能更稳定。另外，将传动装置安装在靠近太阳能电池板一侧(上侧)，能更好的适应环境。
发明内容：
一种包含球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，包括主梁、和若干个横梁、驱动旋转机构、多个单根立柱，主梁与若干个横梁紧固在一起，一根横梁与一根立柱对应，其特征在于，在一根横梁与对应的一根立柱之间设置一个椭球形自适应轴承，椭球形自适应轴承包括椭球形自适应轴承芯，支撑架，其中，轴承芯两端为内凹或外凸的椭球体、支撑架上端内侧形成一个外凸或内凹的椭球面，该内外凸或内凹椭球面与内凹或外凸的椭球轴承芯两端面配合，将轴承芯放置在支撑架上，固定安装在立柱上，以及一个驱动旋转机构，驱动旋转机构推动横梁中心绕立柱连接轴处旋转，驱动旋转装置包括驱动轴来传递旋转动力，驱动轴的动力来自于电机、减速箱或联动轴，横梁围绕立柱旋转，从而达到跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。
进一步，椭球形自适应轴承还包括支撑杆和螺栓，椭球形轴承芯中心穿过支撑杆结构，轴承芯与支撑杆紧固连接，用螺栓将轴承与支撑架固定在立柱上，穿过轴承芯的支撑杆的两端分别穿过横梁对应位置的开孔。
进一步，立柱上设置至少一个开口，椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上有至少一个环形的孔与立柱上的开口对应，用于与椭球形自适应轴承固定连接后的角度调整，以适应现场各自原因导致的安装偏斜。
进一步，支撑架下端有两个环形孔，两个环形孔与立柱上的两个条形孔对应。
进一步，轴承芯两端为球形或内凹的球形，支撑架上端内侧形成一个内凹或外凸的球面，与外凸或内凹的轴承芯两端面配合。
进一步，椭球形轴承芯与支撑杆结构为一体成型。
进一步，立柱上椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上有两个环形的孔中，下端的环形开口比上端的长。
进一步，还包括联动轴，联动轴与每一个旋转驱动机构的驱动轴连接，当电机驱动一个旋转驱动机构的驱动轴转动时，联动轴同步转动，并带动其它旋转驱动机构的驱动轴随动，从而实现全部的旋转驱动机构做同步的运动。
进一步，联动轴安装在远离地面，靠近主梁的一侧。
进一步，旋转驱动机构为包括由齿轮组和丝杠组成的传动机构的可伸缩支撑结构，驱动轴转动时带动齿轮组和丝杠转动，从而实现支撑结构的伸缩运动，且支撑机构的两端分别与横 梁及立柱连接，形成一个动态的三角形支撑。
进一步，还包括联动轴，联动轴与每一个支撑结构的驱动轴连接，当电机驱动一个支撑结构的驱动轴转动时，联动轴同步转动，并带动其它支撑结构的驱动轴随动，从而实现全部的支撑结构做同步的伸缩运动。
进一步在于齿轮组包括锥齿轮组。
进一步，支撑结构还包含导向内套和导向外套，当丝杠旋转时，可以带动导向内套在导向外套内上下伸缩运动。
进一步，单根立柱的截面形状为C型或工字形状。
进一步，椭球形自适应轴承的主体材料为金属，特别是芯体和支撑杆为金属材料。
进一步，还包含一调节支架9，其上设置多个等间距的圆孔，将调节支架固定安装到立柱上，支撑杆结构穿过调节支架的一个圆孔，以适应椭球形自适应轴承角度调整时适应支撑杆的端部位置变化。
进一步，椭球形自适应轴承的材料为铸铁、铸钢和铸铝等金属材料。
进一步，主梁2可以为1根或者2根，还包含一个次梁。
进一步，还包括太阳能电池板，太阳能电池板安装在主梁的上方。
附图说明:
图1现有技术中的手动单轴太阳能跟踪支架结构
图2现有技术中的带有从动装置的单轴太阳能跟踪支架结构
图3现有技术中的带有从动装置和支撑杆的单轴太阳能跟踪支架结构
图4现有技术中的带有支撑杆调节的太阳能跟踪支架结构
图5椭球形自适应轴承与立柱和横梁的安装示意图
图6a凸椭球形自适应轴承安装示意图
图6b凹椭球形自适应轴承安装示意图
图7本专利太阳能单梁跟踪支架系统示意图
图8本专利太阳能双梁跟踪支架系统示意图
图9本专利太阳能三梁跟踪支架系统示意图
图10本专利伸缩支撑杆结构
图11本专利的伸缩支撑杆结构剖面图
图12本专利的伸缩支撑杆结构动作原理图
图13安装椭球形自适应轴承的动态三角形跟踪支撑结构示意图
图14椭球形自适应轴承与立柱和横梁及调节支架的安装示意图
本专利实施例的附图标记说明：
1、光伏组件 2、主梁 3、横梁、4、可伸缩支撑结构 5、立柱 6、联动轴 7、次梁 8、椭球形自适应轴承组件
41、基座 42、轴承 43、锥齿轮 44、轴承 45、驱动轴 46、锥齿轮 47、轴承 48、丝杠 49、传动螺母 50、外壳 51、导向外套 52导向内套 53、传动螺母
81、椭球形自适应轴承芯 82、开口 83、支撑架 85、螺栓 86、小环形开孔 87、大环形开孔
具体实施方式：
由于现有技术的主梁与立柱之间都是采用螺丝紧固连接，适应地面起伏能力差，本专利特别设计了一种椭球形自适应轴承系统，图5为安装了本专利椭球形自适应轴承系统的光伏跟踪支架示意图，图7-9为包含了图5所示的椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，包括主梁、和若干个横梁、驱动旋转机构、多个单根立柱，主梁与若干个横梁紧固在一起，一根横梁与一根立柱对应，在横梁与对应的一根立柱之间设置一个椭球形自适应轴承，轴承芯两端为内凹或外凸的椭球体、支撑架上端内侧形成一个外凸或内凹的椭球面，该内外凸或内凹椭球面与内凹或外凸的椭球轴承芯面配合，将轴承芯放置在支撑架上，固定安装在立柱上，立柱上设置至少一个开口，椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上有至少一个环形的孔与立柱上的开口对应，以及一个驱动旋转机构，驱动旋转机构推动横梁中心绕立柱连接轴处旋转，驱动旋转机构包括驱动轴来传递旋转动力，驱动轴的动力来自于电机、减速箱或联动轴，横梁围绕立柱旋转，从而达到跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。
椭球形轴承芯的内凹或外凸的两个端面与支撑架上端内侧形成的外凸或内凹的面相配合，根据安装现场的情况，即便地面起伏不平，椭球轴承芯的轴线呈现一定角度的倾斜，椭球形轴承采用球面配合，在球面内滑动适应地形起伏和产品安装偏差引起的偏斜，不像普通的塑料圆柱面滑动轴承，采用间隙来补偿安装偏差。没有间隙存在，不会在风的作用下发生晃动或者震动，没有因此产生的噪音或者磨损，产品更加安全可靠。球面自适应轴承主要采用金属，没有塑料轴承因为户外应用时产生的老化问题。球面轴承相对其它轴承采用球面接触，受力更加均匀，无应力集中。球面自适应轴承采用球形轴承芯的轴线在支撑架里滑动调整，实现简单，无需多余的零部件调整，节约人力。
如图6a所示，本专利的一个实施例中，椭球形自适应轴承组件部件包括椭球形自适应轴承芯81、隔套(未示出)、支撑架83、隔套、挡圈(未示出)和螺栓85。椭球形自适应轴承芯安装于横梁支撑架之间，支撑架内部与外凸椭球形轴承芯贴合部位呈内凹圆形，轴承芯 81放置在支撑架83上，安装好后两头套上隔套，此部件安装好后通过螺栓85与立柱紧固在一起。再将椭球形自适应轴承安装部件与横梁安装在一起，轴承芯的两端分别穿过横梁对应位置的开孔，两头套上隔套，并用挡圈进行阻挡，防止横梁沿着轴承芯轴向窜动。虽然实施例中公开了由隔套和挡圈部件来防止横梁沿着轴承芯轴向窜动，也可以不使用隔套和挡圈，或者使用其它的可替换的部件亦用于防止横梁沿着轴承芯轴向窜动。
图6b示出的轴承芯为内凹的椭球，相应地支撑架内部与内凹椭球形轴承芯贴合部位呈外凸圆形。
图6a和图6b的立柱上设置了两个条形的开口，位置分别与轴承的支撑架上的两个环形开口对应，通过螺丝来将轴承与立柱固定。立柱上的开口呈条形，便于调整固定球阀的高度。两个环形的开口，下面的开口比上面的开口大，以适应现场各自原因导致的安装偏斜。
图6a和6b中立柱上设置了两个开口，但也可以设置一个开口，或多个开口，椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上同样设置一个环形的孔或多个环形孔与立柱上的开口对应，以适应现场各自原因导致的安装偏斜。
本专利的含椭球形自适应轴承的光伏跟踪支架包括单梁光伏跟踪支架、双梁光伏跟踪支架、三梁光伏跟踪支架的三种跟踪支架。
如图7-图9所示为安装本专利椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能跟踪系统。图7的太阳能跟踪系统包括：光伏组件1、主梁2、横梁3、支撑结构4、立柱5、联动轴6和椭球形自适应轴承。椭球形自适应轴承如图6所示安装在横梁和立柱之间。主梁与若干个横梁紧固在一起，光伏组件安装在主梁上。可伸缩支撑结构一头与横梁连接，另一头与对应的立柱连接。横梁与对应的立柱通过支撑结构4连接在一起形成一个动态的三角形支撑，横梁中心可绕立柱连接轴处旋转。动态三角形跟踪支撑结构通过驱动轴来传递旋转动力，而驱动轴的动力来自于电机、减速箱或联动轴。伸缩支撑结构由于驱动轴的驱动而产生直线运动，推动横梁围绕立柱旋转，从而达到跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。
图8的太阳能跟踪系统与图7相比，不同仅在于有两根主梁结构。
图9的太阳能跟踪系统与图7相比，不同仅在于有两根主梁结构，另外还有一根位于两根主梁中心的次梁结构。
图10-图12是本专利的动态三角形跟踪支撑杆结构的结构图和动作图。
本专利的可伸缩的支撑杆结构4与立柱5及横梁3形成动态的三角形稳定支撑结构，节省了支撑立柱的材料的同时，提高了支撑结构的承载力和稳定性，通过伸缩支撑杆的长度的调节实现光伏组件的转动方向，实现对太阳的日跟踪。
如图11和图12所示，本专利的优选实施例中动态三角形跟踪支撑杆结构4包括：基座 41、轴承42、锥齿轮43、轴承44、驱动轴45、锥齿轮46、轴承47、丝杠48、传动螺母49、外壳50、导向外套51、导向内套52和传动螺母53。轴承42安装在基座上，与驱动轴45连接在一起。锥齿轮43通过键与驱动轴45连接在一起。轴承44安装在基座41上，与驱动轴45安装在一起。锥齿轮46与丝杠48通过键连接在一起，锥齿轮46与锥齿轮43啮合在一起形成齿轮副，能够传递扭矩，从而带动丝杠48的旋转。轴承47安装在基座41上，与丝杠48配合在一起。止推轴承49安装在丝杠48上。传动螺母53与丝杠连接在一起，传动螺母53外侧与导向内套52内侧紧固在一起。
将电机等常规的驱动装置与驱动轴45相连接，当驱动轴45旋转时带动锥齿轮43转动，并由此带动锥齿轮46同步转动，锥齿轮46带动丝杠旋转48，因为锥齿轮46与丝杠48紧固在一起，因此丝杠48无法相对于锥齿轮46做轴向运动，只能相对于基座41做原地旋转运动。丝杠48的原地旋转能够推动传动螺母53沿丝杠48做直线运动，从而使导向内套52在导向外套51内上下伸缩运动(上图中○1到○5为运动顺序)，导致支撑杆结构4的整体长度减小或增大，即实现了支撑杆结构4的伸缩。
图7-图9的实施例在每个立柱上安装了一个如图5的椭球形自适应轴承和可伸缩支撑结构，形成了三角形动态跟踪支撑结构。
电机等驱动装置与其中一个支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45连接，优选中心位置的支撑杆结构4连接，并通过传动装置，例如联动轴6连接到其它支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45。这样，通过一个电机将动力输出到中心位置的支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45转动，并带动联动轴6同步转动，使得其它支撑杆结构4上的驱动轴45同步转动，从而实现各个支撑杆结构4同步伸缩。
可伸缩支撑结构4通过驱动轴来传递旋转动力，而驱动轴的动力来自于电机、减速箱或联动轴。动态三角形跟踪支撑结构由于驱动轴的驱动而产生直线运动，推动横梁围绕立柱旋转，从而实现跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。
本专利的图10公开了一种可伸缩的支撑杆结构4，其为杆结构，在驱动装置的作用下，支撑杆的总体长度可以变化，从而实现伸缩运动。可以采用本专利图11-12的方式来实现图10的支撑杆的伸缩运动，也可以采用其它的本领域公知的其它方式来实现本专利图10的可伸缩支撑杆结构4。
本专利的图11-12的实施例中通过两个锥齿轮构成的齿轮组和丝杠的组合来带动内套在外套内进行伸缩运动，从而实现了支撑杆结构4的伸缩。其它数量、和形状的齿轮组和丝杠的组合也可以用来实现相同的功能，也属于本专利的发明构思。
另外，实施例11-12中，通过驱动轴带动齿轮组和丝杠的旋转来带动内套在外套内进行伸缩运动，从而实现了支撑杆的伸缩仅仅是本专利的优选实施方式。本领域的技术人员在显然 也可以采用其它的结构来实现支撑杆的伸缩，只要支撑杆是可伸缩的，使得支撑杆结构4与横梁及对应的立柱之间形成稳定的动态三角形支撑即可，均可以实现稳定的支撑，并节省立柱的材料。
本专利的实施例11-12中均设置了联动轴6，该联动轴6的作用是节省驱动电机，优选仅用一台电机驱动在中心位置的立柱处的支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45转动，通过联动轴6来实现其它位置的支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45随动，就可以实现各个支撑杆结构4的同步伸缩。显然，设置多台电机驱动多个位置处的支撑杆结构4的驱动轴45转动也是一个可行的方案，只要控制好各个电机同步即可。
光伏组件安装好后处于同一平面，由于要适应地面的起伏。为此，优选支撑杆结构与立柱的安装使用如图14所示的调节支架9进行调节，调节支架9上面设置多个等间距的圆孔，将调节支架固定安装到立柱上，支撑杆4结构穿过通过调节支架的一个圆孔，以适应椭球形自适应轴承角度调整时保持支撑杆4的端部位置变化。椭球形自适应轴承安装部件与横梁整体保持一定角度，可以不随动态三角形跟踪支撑结构的角度变化而变化。椭球形自适应轴承的材料为铸铁、铸钢和铸铝等金属材料。
本专利的有益效果
1)相对于转动梁和轴承及轴承箱之间的连接方式主要为螺栓连接的传统方式，横梁无法很好的适应起伏的地面，使用本椭球形自适应轴承，可以较好的适应地面起伏，提高光伏跟踪支架的适应性，安装调试更方便，寿命更长。
2)设置了可伸缩的支撑杆结构，每日追踪太阳的同时，支撑杆结构能够与立柱、横梁形成稳定的动态三角形结构，在光伏组件跟踪运行时为组件提供良好的稳定性。
3)结构简单，成本低廉，由于动态三角形支撑结构稳定，无需将支撑柱设计为A型或倒T型等更为稳定的结构，仅使用一根立柱即可以获得稳定的支撑，而且由于动态三角形支撑结构还相应地分担了立柱承担的压力，本专利的单根立柱与传统的单根立柱相比，对单根立柱承载的力的要求更低，还进一步节省了材料的使用，易于运输及安装和维护。
4)使用联动轴将多个动态三角形跟踪支撑结构连接在一起的情况下，能实现仅使用一个驱动电机，一排组件能同步随动的效果，节省了驱动的成本。
5)驱动装置与联动轴位于电池板下方，受到电池板本身雨雪或者阳光直射的保护。同时提高了跟踪系统的下方通过，可以更大范围的适应于复杂地形(如农光互补)。相对驱动轴和联动轴靠近地面安装的系统而言，驱动系统和联动系统没有被水淹的风险。
Figure PCTCN2019110622-appb-000001

Claims (21)

  1. 一种包含球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，包括主梁、和若干个横梁、驱动旋转机构、多个单根立柱，主梁与若干个横梁紧固在一起，一根横梁与一根立柱对应，其特征在于，在横梁与对应的一根立柱之间设置一个椭球形自适应轴承，椭球形自适应轴承包括椭球形自适应轴承芯，支撑架，其中，轴承芯两端面为内凹或外凸的椭球体、支撑架上端内侧形成一个外凸或内凹的椭球面，该内外凸或内凹椭球面与内凹或外凸的椭球轴承芯两端面配合，将轴承芯放置在支撑架上，固定安装在立柱上，以及一个驱动旋转机构，驱动旋转机构推动横梁中心绕立柱连接轴处旋转，驱动旋转装置包括驱动轴来传递旋转动力，驱动轴的动力来自于电机、减速箱或联动轴，横梁围绕立柱旋转，从而达到跟踪太阳运行轨迹的功能。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于，椭球形自适应轴承还包括支撑杆和螺栓，椭球形轴承芯中心穿过支撑杆结构，轴承芯与支撑杆紧固连接，用螺栓将轴承与支撑架固定在立柱上，穿过轴承芯的支撑杆的两端分别穿过横梁对应位置的开孔。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于立柱上设置至少一个开口，椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上有至少一个环形的孔与立柱上的开口对应，用于与椭球形自适应轴承固定连接后的角度调整，以适应现场各自原因导致的安装偏斜。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于支撑架下端有两个环形孔，两个环形孔与立柱上的两个条形孔对应。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于轴承芯两端为球形或内凹的球形，支撑架上端内侧形成一个内凹或外凸的球面，与外凸或内凹的轴承芯两端面配合。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的包含椭球形或球形的自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于椭球形轴承芯与支撑杆结构为一体成型。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于立柱上椭球形自适应轴承的支撑架上有两个环形的孔，其中下端的环形开口比上端的长。
  8. 如权利要求1、2、4、5或7之一所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于还包括联动轴，联动轴与每一个旋转驱动机构的驱动轴连接，当电机驱动一个旋转驱动机构的驱动轴转动时，联动轴同步转动，并带动其它旋转驱动机构的驱动轴随动，从而实现全部的旋转驱动机构做同步的运动。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于，联 动轴安装在远离地面，靠近主梁的一侧。
  10. 如权利要求1、2、4、5或7之一所述包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于旋转驱动机构为包括由齿轮组和丝杠组成的传动机构的可伸缩支撑结构，驱动轴转动时带动齿轮组和丝杠转动，从而实现支撑结构的伸缩运动，且支撑机构的两端分别与横梁及立柱连接，形成一个动态的三角形支撑。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于还包括联动轴，联动轴与每一个支撑结构的驱动轴连接，当电机驱动一个支撑结构的驱动轴转动时，联动轴同步转动，并带动其它支撑结构的驱动轴随动，从而实现全部的支撑结构做同步的伸缩运动。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于齿轮组包括锥齿轮组。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于，支撑结构还包含导向内套和导向外套，当丝杠旋转时，可以带动导向内套在导向外套内上下伸缩运动。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于，单根立柱的截面形状为C型或工字形状。
  15. 如权利要求1、2、4、5之一所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于椭球形自适应轴承大部分主体材料是金属材料。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于椭球形自适应轴承的芯体和支撑杆为金属材料。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于包含一调节支架9，其上设置多个等间距的圆孔，将调节支架固定安装到立柱上，支撑杆结构穿过调节支架的一个圆孔，以适应椭球形自适应轴承角度调整时适应支撑杆的端部位置变化。
  18. 如权利要求10所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于椭球形自适应轴承的材料为铸铁、铸钢和铸铝等金属材料。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于主梁可以为1根或者2根。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架，其特征在于还包含一个次梁。
  21. 一种包含前述权利要求1-20之一的包含椭球形自适应轴承的太阳能单轴跟踪支架的
PCT/CN2019/110622 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统 WO2021068200A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/110622 WO2021068200A1 (zh) 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/110622 WO2021068200A1 (zh) 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021068200A1 true WO2021068200A1 (zh) 2021-04-15

Family

ID=75436973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/110622 WO2021068200A1 (zh) 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021068200A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107959463A (zh) * 2017-12-26 2018-04-24 苏州金山太阳能科技有限公司 一种用于太阳能跟踪支架的轴承箱支撑结构
CN114221606A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-22 杭州华鼎新能源有限公司 一种太阳能光伏跟踪支架的驱动装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080308091A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 Corio Ronald P Single Axis Solar Tracking System
CN203211040U (zh) * 2013-04-27 2013-09-25 浙江国威汽车配件有限公司 一种球形衬套
US20150345548A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 Us Synthetic Corporation Bearing assemblies and apparatuses including superhard bearing elements
CN205450793U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-10 王艳 一种适用于平单轴跟踪支架的光伏球形轴承转动装置
CN106712680A (zh) * 2017-02-24 2017-05-24 苏州中和阳能源有限公司 一种角度可调的光伏面板支架
CN206490639U (zh) * 2017-03-02 2017-09-12 刘建中 一种太阳能跟踪支架的架体结构
CN110176899A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-08-27 上海能耀新能源科技有限公司 独立式单轴太阳能跟踪系统及驱动机构

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080308091A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 Corio Ronald P Single Axis Solar Tracking System
CN203211040U (zh) * 2013-04-27 2013-09-25 浙江国威汽车配件有限公司 一种球形衬套
US20150345548A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 Us Synthetic Corporation Bearing assemblies and apparatuses including superhard bearing elements
CN205450793U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-10 王艳 一种适用于平单轴跟踪支架的光伏球形轴承转动装置
CN106712680A (zh) * 2017-02-24 2017-05-24 苏州中和阳能源有限公司 一种角度可调的光伏面板支架
CN206490639U (zh) * 2017-03-02 2017-09-12 刘建中 一种太阳能跟踪支架的架体结构
CN110176899A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-08-27 上海能耀新能源科技有限公司 独立式单轴太阳能跟踪系统及驱动机构

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107959463A (zh) * 2017-12-26 2018-04-24 苏州金山太阳能科技有限公司 一种用于太阳能跟踪支架的轴承箱支撑结构
CN114221606A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-22 杭州华鼎新能源有限公司 一种太阳能光伏跟踪支架的驱动装置
CN114221606B (zh) * 2021-12-08 2024-04-23 杭州华鼎新能源有限公司 一种太阳能光伏跟踪支架的驱动装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8459249B2 (en) Single axis solar tracking system
WO2021068201A1 (zh) 一种含动态三角形跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统
CN210780650U (zh) 一种含动态三角形跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统
US20160329860A1 (en) Solar tracking apparatus
US20140224300A1 (en) Automatic sunlight tracking device
US20160218663A1 (en) Solar Photovoltaic Single Axis Tracker
TWM550936U (zh) 一種組合柵式智慧光伏發電系統
CN106774455B (zh) 基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴/双轴太阳能跟踪装置
WO2016095298A1 (zh) 一种光伏发电斜单轴跟踪支架
US20100192942A1 (en) Solar tracking system
US20090159075A1 (en) Southerly tilted solar tracking system and method
KR100922238B1 (ko) 태양광 발전장치
WO2021068200A1 (zh) 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统
TW201740675A (zh) 一種組合柵式智慧光伏發電系統
US20120260968A1 (en) Solar tracker for rotary high-concentration photovoltaic solar modules for roofs and solar farms
WO2013046999A1 (ja) 太陽追尾型太陽光発電システム
CN110737286B (zh) 一种光伏组件南北方向倾角可调的平单轴跟踪支架
CN219436927U (zh) 一种多点支撑的单立柱光伏跟踪装置
CN210780651U (zh) 一种含椭球形自适应轴承的跟踪支撑结构的光伏跟踪支架及其系统
CN202034380U (zh) 太阳能光伏组件支架
KR101173672B1 (ko) 태양광 발전용 추적 장치
EP2188847A2 (de) Solarmodul für die hybride nutzung der sonnenstrahlung und solarmodulanordnung
CN210518190U (zh) 一种极轴式光伏发电全跟踪架
CN202363479U (zh) 可自由设定倾角的固定式太阳能接收板卡式安装支架
KR101118253B1 (ko) 태양광 집광판의 태양 추적 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19948598

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19948598

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19948598

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 14/11/2022)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19948598

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1