WO2021068099A1

WO2021068099A1 - Modular combined staircase

Info

Publication number: WO2021068099A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/109891
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邹胜斌; 陈仪清
Original assignee: 邹胜斌; 陈仪清
Priority date: 2019-10-08
Filing date: 2019-10-08
Publication date: 2021-04-15
Also published as: CN217924517U

Abstract

Provided is a modular combined staircase, including several stairs arranged in the stepped manner and a stress structure supporting the stairs; the several stairs are formed by splicing several identical modules (1) along the horizontal direction; the modules (1) include a step (2) and a bottom plate (3), the bottom plates (3) of the upper and lower adjacent modules (1) are adjacent to each other; the step (2) includes a step height (2-1) and a step width (2-2), the bottom plate (3) is arranged on the bottom surface of the step (2); the several stairs are fixed on the building or structure through the stress structure.

Description

Modular combined staircase

Technical field

The invention relates to a modular combined staircase, which belongs to the technical field of prefabricated buildings.

Background technique

The existing stairs mainly include reinforced concrete structure stairs, steel stairs and wooden stairs.

Reinforced concrete structure stairs mainly have two structural forms: prefabricated assembly and cast-in-place. The cast-in-place stairs have the following problems: 1) The supporting form is complicated, and the zigzag steps need to be supported by the hanging form. The construction is cumbersome and requires high technical requirements. , The construction period is long. 2) The cast-in-place concrete is a wet construction, and the construction environment is messy. Prefabricated stairs mainly have problems: 1) The size and volume of the stair components are large, and the transportation is inconvenient. 2) Due to the large size, a large storage yard is required on site for stacking. 2) The stairs components are self-heavy and need to be installed with a tower crane for hoisting, which is costly. , The construction is complicated. 3) If it needs to be dismantled, because the cast-in-place becomes a whole, the original structure will be destroyed by external force during dismantling, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the material is difficult to recycle.

Steel stairs mainly have the following shortcomings: 1) Hoisting, positioning, welding, etc. are required during construction, which requires high technical requirements for the construction personnel; 2) Steel structure stairs need to be painted with anti-corrosion and fire-resistant coatings on a large area; 3) The paint is easy to fall off and needs to be painted Regular inspection and maintenance.

The solid wood stairs mainly have the following disadvantages: 1) The solid wood stairs are easy to be damp, deformed, cracked, and the paint is easy to fall off; 2) the wooden stairs are easy to be eaten by insects and are not easy to maintain and maintain.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular composite staircase to solve the problems of the existing existing staircases such as heavy structure, inconvenient transportation and lifting, complicated construction, long construction period, and high cost. .

In order to achieve the above objective, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A modular composite staircase, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of steps arranged in a ladder shape and a force-bearing structure supporting the steps; a plurality of the steps are joined by a plurality of the same modules in a horizontal direction The module includes a step and a bottom plate, and the bottom plates of the upper and lower adjacent modules are adjacent to each other; the step includes a step height and a step width, and the bottom plate is set on the bottom surface of the step; a number of the steps are fixed in the building through a force-bearing structure On objects or structures.

Modularizing the steps of the stairs simplifies the current installation structure of the stairs. The existing installation of stairs requires installing the vertical baffle after the step plane is installed, or installing the steps directly on the building bracket, while the module of the present invention is manually installed. After stacking, fix several modules of the same step on the stressed structure, and fix the stressed structure on the building or structure. The modules are stacked in an oblique direction, and part of their own gravity can be applied to the ground through the stacked structure, so the force-bearing structure is less stressed, making the entire staircase safe and reliable. By modularly dividing the steps, it is easy to transport. At the same time, its volume is reduced. Generally, a step is divided into 6-12 pieces, and only needs to be stacked on site, and the construction is simple and convenient.

Further, the longitudinal section of the step is a right triangle, and the step height and the step width are set at a right angle.

Further, the bottom plate and the step are integrally arranged. By arranging the bottom plate and the steps integrally or separately, the integral arrangement can help the module prefabrication, improve the processing efficiency, simplify the module structure, and save the cost.

Furthermore, a fixing structure for connecting several modules of the same step into a whole is also provided. Through the setting of the fixing structure, several modules forming the same step can be fastened into one body, which enhances the strength of the entire step and improves the safety.

Furthermore, the fixing structure is a screw that fastens several modules on the same step. The fastening structure is not limited to a screw, and may be steel pipe, aluminum pipe, copper pipe, etc. The setting of the screw can prevent the modules on the same step from swinging and make the whole step as a whole. There are generally four screws, which increases its safety. At the same time, a counterbore can be set on the module, and the long screw can be directly screwed into the counterbore, and the appearance is neat and beautiful.

Further, the module further includes a boss and a groove corresponding to each other provided on the side surface; adjacent modules on the same step are fitted with each other through the cooperation of the boss and the groove. The arrangement of the boss and the groove ensures that the same step is connected as a whole, and can be directly fitted into each other during installation, without manual alignment, which is safe and reliable, guarantees the accuracy of its installation, and saves time and effort.

Furthermore, the step width is provided with an installation groove for installing the handrail or the blind track indicating structure; the step height is provided with a lamp groove for installing the illuminating lamp or the emergency light. The installation slot can be integrated and prefabricated in the factory without processing other parts. The installation slot can be installed with handrails, and the blind track indicator structure can be added to the installation slot to be used as a blind track, or as a step line, Decorative strips and non-slip strips are used in structures to achieve multiple uses. There is no need to re-process differentiated modules during factory processing, which simplifies the processing process. By setting the light trough on the step height of the module, it is not only beautiful and elegant, but also can be used as a light trough for emergency lights. There is only one emergency light usually used, and its lighting range is limited, especially for some people with blurred vision, which causes certain safety hazards. By setting emergency lights on each step, the safety of escape and rescue can be effectively improved.

Further, a step line or a decorative strip or a non-slip strip is also provided on the step. Step lines, decorative strips or anti-skid strips can also be additionally provided on the steps to prevent no installation grooves available.

Further, the force-receiving structure is a plurality of force-receiving rods fixed on buildings or structures. Through the setting of the force rod, several rows of modules can be fixed in an oblique direction, or a step can be fixed in the horizontal direction, and then the force rod can be fixed on a building or structure. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

Further, the longitudinal section of the bottom plate is a parallelogram, and the bottom surface of the upper step bottom plate of the adjacent steps is pressed against the top surface of the adjacent lower step bottom plate. By arranging the longitudinal section of the bottom plate in a parallelogram shape, the bottom of the stairs can be guaranteed to be a flat surface, neat and beautiful, and at the same time, effective space utilization can be increased, and the structure setting can be reasonable. At the same time, it is set to a plane, and workers only need to stack them, and only need to align the modules with the modules, which saves time and effort.

Preferably, the module is a right-angled trapezoid with a right-angled trapezoid in longitudinal section; the top surface of the module bottom plate is flush with the step width of the module, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is arranged parallel to the step width. The steps with a right-angled trapezoidal longitudinal section can be prefabricated in the factory, and the upper and lower surfaces of the steps are attached to each other, so that the stairs can be stacked together. Through the setting of the right-angled trapezoidal body, it is only necessary to set the module to six sides, which has a simple structure and convenient processing.

At the same time, all the steps are connected in series through the prestressed tendons to increase the prestress and increase the strength. There is no need to build brackets or supports on both sides of the stairs, the structure is simple, convenient and practical. Moreover, the steps are designed as a trapezoidal structure, which can be directly prefabricated in the factory, and there is no need to adjust the height of the steps on site, which saves construction time and labor costs.

Preferably, the longitudinal section of the bottom plate is rectangular. By setting the module bottom plate as a rectangular body, during construction and installation, you only need to align the bottom surface of the bottom plate with the top surface of the other bottom plate. There is no need to find equal alignment by scribing. The installation is simple and convenient, while ensuring The accuracy of installation saves time and effort.

Preferably, the bottom plate of the module is provided with through holes penetrating up and down, and the through holes between the upper and lower adjacent modules are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The connected through holes constitute the oblique through holes of the stairs; The rod penetrates through the oblique through hole, the upper end and the lower end are respectively fixed on the building or structure, at least one force rod is arranged on both sides of the stairs, and the angle between the force rod and the horizontal direction constitutes the slope of the stairs.

After the modules are stacked, insert the force rod through the oblique through hole, and then fix both ends of the force rod. And there is no need to build brackets or supports on both sides of the stairs, the structure is simple, convenient and practical.

Further, the module further includes a dovetail platform and a dovetail groove corresponding to each other provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the bottom plate; the bottom plates of the upper and lower adjacent modules are locked with each other through the dovetail platform and the dovetail groove. The dovetail groove is generally set on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the dovetail platform is set on the lower surface of the bottom plate. Through the configuration of this structure, the upper and lower adjacent modules can be inserted together, without the need for workers to scribe and align it, and just assemble it directly. save time and energy. At the same time, through this structure, the upper and lower steps can be connected in an oblique direction, which increases the rigidity and strength of the entire staircase. By setting the dovetail groove on the upper surface of the bottom plate, it is convenient for the construction of the top of the stairs without hindering the construction of other structures; setting the dovetail platform on the lower surface of the bottom plate can fix the dovetail platform on the ground and improve the firmness of the entire staircase.

Further, there are 2-4 through holes on the module. More than one can be set, and the number of through holes is not limited, especially for some long stairs and stairs with greater force, as well as for shopping malls, office buildings and other locations with a large flow of people, multiple force rods and diagonal through holes are required Use in conjunction with each other to prevent accidents.

Preferably, the two ends of the force-bearing rod are respectively fixed on the steel sheet; the steel sheet is fixed on the building or structure by arranging waist-shaped holes and screws in cooperation. The waist-shaped hole is arranged to make the stairs have a certain buffer effect in natural disasters, and prevent the stairs from being damaged or falling apart due to shaking.

Preferably, both ends of the force rod are respectively provided with steel plate supports fixedly connected to both ends of the oblique force rod, and the steps at both ends of the stairs are adjacent to the steel plate supports, and the steel plate supports are fixed to the building or through vertical anchor bolts. On the structure, the steel plate support is provided with a waist-shaped hole that cooperates with the anchor bolt, and the building or structure is provided with a notch for the steel plate support. There is a certain gap between the steel plate support and the side wall of the notch along the length of the waist-shaped hole in the steel plate support. In the case of building shaking, the entire staircase can pass through the anchor bolt and the waist-shaped hole as well as the steel plate support and the gap The setting of the stairway forms a certain buffering effect, so that the entire staircase will not fall apart when the building shakes.

Preferably, the steel plate supports at the upper and lower ends of the stairs are fixed on the building or structure, the two ends of the force rod are respectively fixedly connected with the steel plate supports at both ends, and the anchor bolts are fixed laterally on the structure or building.

Preferably, the modules are provided with transversely penetrating channels along the module installation direction, and the channels between adjacent modules on the same step are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction, and the connected channels constitute the lateral channels of the stairs; The rod penetrates the transverse hole, and its two ends are respectively fixed on the bearing support.

Each step is fastened by a number of modules, and then each step is fixed to the building or structure through a force rod, thereby increasing the focus point of the entire staircase, greatly increasing the weight of the staircase, and strengthening the entire staircase The carrying capacity. During the construction process, the same step can be connected in series through the force rod and then fixed on the building or structure. It can be assembled on site, and the ladder assembly method from small to large is realized. The assembly can be assembled step by step from the bottom to the top. The construction is simple and convenient. .

Further, the module is made of plastic, and the inside of the module is a grid structure. The module processed by plastic and the grille structure is arranged inside the module can be molded at one time by an injection molding machine, and the processing is simple and convenient, and the cost is saved. Moreover, the weight of the entire staircase is greatly reduced without affecting buildings or structures. The structure is simple and practical, safe and reliable.

The construction process of the modular combined staircase of the present invention:

First, according to the actual situation of the building or structure, calculate the slope, height, horizontal length and other data of the entire staircase, and calculate the size of the steps based on the data. According to the size of the steps, the steps can be arbitrarily divided into several modules of the same size. Existing houses are almost standardized in the construction process, so the size of general modules can be set in advance according to the needs of the existing market. The module can set the number of through holes or channels and force rods according to the flow of people. Assemble the modules on site. When assembling, first install the modules at the bottom step on the ground according to the plan on the ground, or level and install them on the ground. When installing, install the grooves and bosses of the adjacent modules on the same step. Fit, and then pass the long screw horizontally through all the modules to fix all the modules as a whole.

When the force rod is installed diagonally, the dovetail platform on the lower surface of the upper module bottom plate is inserted into the dovetail groove on the upper surface of the lower module bottom plate, and then the second step is fixed as a whole with a long screw. The setting of the long screw can slightly adjust the width of the steps to ensure that the width of the upper and lower steps is the same; and so on, the steps can be built up step by step. Due to the gravity of the stairs during the construction process, to prevent the stairs from collapsing and causing damage, it is also necessary to support the stairs during the construction process. When building to the top, insert and penetrate the force rod into the oblique through holes formed by the through holes of the same row of modules. At least insert the force rod into the oblique through holes on both sides of the stairs to ensure the overall structural stability It is safe. According to the actual situation, it is also possible to insert and penetrate the force rod in other oblique through holes, and then fix the two ends of the force rod on the building or structure respectively. Finally, filler is filled in the diagonal through holes to fix the entire stairs as a whole.

When choosing to install the force rod horizontally, use a long screw to fix several modules of the steps horizontally as a whole. The width of each step can be adjusted slightly through the setting of the long screw to ensure that the width of the upper and lower steps is consistent; then the force rod is passed through the module channel In the formed horizontal channel, the bottom of the entire step is aligned with the bottom of the lower step, and both ends of the force rod are fixed to the building or structure horizontally. The force strength of the steps can be designed according to the actual situation. The number of the force rods of each step can be accumulated step by step from the bottom of the stairs.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the modular composite staircase of the present invention are:

1) Distribute large-size stairs into small modules to facilitate mass production and processing;

2) The product is modular, small in weight, and light in structure;

3) Convenient transportation and simple hoisting;

4) Dry construction is adopted on site, with less pollution and dust;

5) Simple construction, assembling modular products into stair slabs, low technical requirements for construction personnel and high construction efficiency;

6) The structure is easy to dismantle, and the components and materials can be recycled.

Description of the drawings

A brief description of the content expressed in the drawings and the marks in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the module in the first embodiment in the main viewing direction;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the rear view of the module in the first embodiment;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the module in the first embodiment;

4 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the steps in the first embodiment;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stairs in the first embodiment;

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the stairs in the first embodiment;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of C in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel sheet in Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the module in the second embodiment from the front direction;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the rear view of the module in the second embodiment;

13 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the steps in the second embodiment;

Figure 14 is an enlarged view at D in Figure 13;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a staircase in the second embodiment;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second staircase in the second embodiment;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of the module in the third embodiment from the front view;

18 is a perspective view of the rear view direction of the module of the third embodiment;

19 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the three steps of the embodiment;

Figure 20 is an enlarged view of E in Figure 19;

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third staircase in the embodiment;

Fig. 22 is an enlarged view at F in Fig. 21;

Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the third embodiment of the staircase sliding connection;

Fig. 24 is an enlarged view at G in Fig. 23;

Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the third embodiment of the staircase connection in a fixed manner;

Fig. 26 is an enlarged view at H in Fig. 25;

Figure 27 is a perspective view of the front view of the module of the fourth embodiment;

Figure 28 is a perspective view of the rear view of the module of the fourth embodiment;

29 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the four steps in the embodiment;

Figure 30 is an enlarged view of I in Figure 26;

Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fourth embodiment of the staircase;

Fig. 32 is an enlarged view at J in Fig. 28;

Fig. 33 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fourth staircase in the embodiment of Fig. 33;

In the figure: 1 is the module; 2 is the step, 2-1 is the step height, 2-2 is the step width; 3 is the bottom plate; 4 is the screw; 5 is the boss; 6 is the groove; 7 is the installation slot; 8 is Lamp trough; 9 is a force rod; 10 is a through hole; 11 is a dovetail platform; 12 is a dovetail groove; 13 is a tunnel; 14 is a steel sheet; 15 is a waist-shaped hole; 16 is a grid structure; 17 is a wall; 18 is the base; 19 is the steel plate support; 20 is the anchor bolt.

Detailed ways

A non-limiting embodiment is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the present invention. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

Example one

The object described in this embodiment is a staircase that is forced obliquely.

As shown in Figures 4, 6, and 8, a modularized composite staircase includes a number of steps arranged in a stepped shape and a number of force-bearing rods 9 fixed on buildings or structures supporting the steps; a number of the steps are horizontal The direction is composed of several identical modules 1 spliced together; as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the module 1 includes a step 2 and a bottom plate 3, and the bottom plates 3 of the upper and lower adjacent modules 1 are adjacent to each other; the longitudinal section of the step 2 is at right angles A triangle, including a right-angled step height 2-1 and a step width 2-2, the bottom plate 3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the step 2; as shown in Figure 1, the longitudinal section of the bottom plate 3 is a parallelogram, adjacent steps The bottom surface of the middle and upper step bottom plate 3 is pressed against the top surface of the adjacent lower step bottom plate 3; the module 1 is a right-angled trapezoid with a right-angled trapezoid in longitudinal section; the top surface of the bottom plate 3 of the module 1 and the step width of the module 1 are 2- 2 is flush, the bottom surface of the bottom plate 3 is arranged parallel to the step width 2-2; the bottom plate 3 and the step 2 are integrally arranged; a number of the steps are fixed on the building or structure through the force rod 9.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7, the bottom plate 3 of the module 1 is provided with through holes 10 penetrating up and down. The through holes 10 between the adjacent modules 1 are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The through hole 10 constitutes the oblique through hole 10 of the staircase; the force rod 9 penetrates through the oblique through hole 10, and its upper end and lower end are respectively fixed on the building or structure, and at least one force receiving rod is provided on both sides of the staircase. The angle between the rod 9 and the force-bearing rod 9 and the horizontal direction constitutes the slope of the stairs.

As shown in FIG. 4, there are two through holes 10 provided on the module 1, which can pass through two force-bearing rods 9. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the stair step of this embodiment is composed of ten modules 1, and each module 1 is provided with two through holes 10, so twenty oblique through holes 10 can be formed, and two can be used. Ten force-bearing rods 9 pass through different oblique through holes 10 to form a more stable stair structure. This structure can be applied to locations with a large flow of people, such as large shopping malls, schools, and supermarkets where people are crowded (forced Larger stairs). The number of force rods 9 is not limited, and the number of force rods 9 can be set within the number of oblique through holes 10, and the position of the force rod 9 is set according to the actual situation.

When installing the stairs of this example, in order to enhance the strength of the entire stairs, a fixed structure connecting several modules 1 of the same step into a whole is also provided. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the fixing structure is four long screws 4 that fasten several modules 1 on the same step. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a boss 5 and a groove 6 are provided on both sides of the module 1 corresponding to each other; adjacent modules 1 on the same step are fitted with each other through the cooperation of the boss 5 and the groove 6. Through the embedding of the boss 5 and the groove 6, a number of modules 1 on the same step can be directly interlocked to form a step without manual positioning and splicing again.

As shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, the bottom plate 3 of the modules 1 adjacent to each other is also provided with a dovetail platform 11 and a dovetail groove 12 that engage with each other. The dovetail groove 12 is generally provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 3, and the dovetail platform 11 It is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate 3, and through the arrangement of the structure, the modules 1 adjacent to each other up and down can be inserted together. There is no need to align up and down, and the installation is simple and convenient.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, the step width 2-2 is provided with an installation groove 7 for installing a handrail or a blind track indicating structure; and the step height 2-1 is provided with a lamp groove 8 for installing a lighting lamp or an emergency light. In the installation groove 7 not only can be installed handrails or blind tracks but only the structure, but also can be installed on the installation groove 7 of the platform, decorative strips or anti-skid strips, etc. Of course, the treads, decorative strips or anti-skid strips can also be installed separately In other locations.

As shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, the upper end and the lower end of the stress rod 9 are respectively fixed on a steel sheet 14, and the steel sheet 14 is fixed on a building or structure. The force rod 9 can be used to fix the steel sheet 14 and the force rod 9 into one body by screws. When the steel sheet 14 is fixed on a building or structure, it can be matched with the waist-shaped hole 15 through a plurality of screws. When the building or structure is shaking or earthquake, the whole staircase has a certain buffering effect through the waist-shaped hole 15. Prevent damage or fall apart due to shaking.

As shown in FIG. 4, the module 1 is made of plastic, and its interior is a grid structure 16. The thickness of the module 1 of this embodiment is 10 cm, the height is 16 cm, and the length is about 37 cm. The weight of the entire staircase can be greatly reduced through the arrangement of plastic and the grille structure 16, generally 10-12 steps of stairs The total weight including the force rod 9 and other connecting structures is 2-3 tons, which is at least an order of magnitude lower than the existing concrete structure stairs. In addition, the overall staircase is fixed as a whole in both the oblique and lateral directions, and the ground bears part of the weight of the whole staircase. Therefore, the force bearing rod 9 bears less force. The staircase has a simple structure and reasonable overall arrangement, which solves the existing staircase. The pain point of not being able to modularize production.

The step module of the staircase is simplified to simplify the installation structure of the current staircase. The existing staircase installation requires installing the vertical baffle after the step plane is installed, or installing the steps directly on the building bracket. After the modules 1 are manually stacked, several modules 1 on the same step are fixed on the force rod 9 and the force rod 9 is fixed on the building or structure. Make the entire staircase safe and reliable. By dividing the steps into modules, it is easy to transport. At the same time, its volume is reduced. Generally, a step is divided into 6-12 pieces, and only needs to be stacked on site, and the construction is simple and convenient.

Example two

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is:

The object described in this embodiment is a staircase subjected to lateral force.

As shown in Figures 11, 12, 13, and 14, the force-bearing rod 9 of this embodiment is laterally fixed on a building or structure, and a transversely penetrating channel 13 is provided on the module 1 along the installation direction of the module 1. The same step The tunnels 13 between the upper adjacent modules 1 are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The connected tunnels 13 constitute the transverse tunnel 13 of the staircase; the force rod 9 penetrates through the transverse tunnel 13, and its two ends are respectively fixed to the building or structure on.

As shown in Figures 15 and 16, it is generally best to have 2-4 channels 13 on the module 1 of each step. As shown in the figure, there are three channels 13 on the module 1, which constitute the three lateral sides of each step. The tunnel 13 passes through a step transversely through three force rods 9. Of course, the transverse tunnel 13 on the step can be set according to the actual situation, and the number of force rods 9 used on a step can also be set according to the actual situation. The horizontal arrangement of the force rod 9 shortens the length of the force rod 9 and increases the number of the force rod 9, so that the stairs have more contact points with the building or structure, so that the entire staircase is more firmly set in the building. On objects or structures. At the same time, the force-bearing rod 9 on each step can individually bear the weight on the step, which is more reasonable than the design of the first embodiment.

As shown in Figs. 13, 14, 15, and 16, the card and structure of the dovetail table 11 and the dovetail groove 12 are not provided on the bottom plate 3 of this embodiment. Especially for buildings or structures with walls 17 on both sides, the installation of the dovetail platform 11 and the dovetail groove 12 has a certain influence on the card and the upper and lower modules 1 due to the limited installation location. Of course, the card and structure of the dovetail platform 11 and the dovetail groove 12 can also be provided on the bottom plate 3 of the module 1 of this embodiment. When assembling a staircase with walls 17 on both sides, the module 1 can be assembled on site. The overall weight is relatively light, and then the steps and stairs are built on the wall 17 as a whole. The slope of the entire staircase is set according to the actual situation, and the angle between the bottom plate 3 of module 1 and the horizontal direction constitutes the slope of the staircase.

As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the long screw 4 is not used to fasten the modules 1 on the same step into one body on the same step in this embodiment. Because the force rod 9 of this embodiment is arranged horizontally, when the modules 1 are spliced together, It is not necessary to use or reduce the number of long screws 4, and the two ends of the force rod 9 can be provided with fastening screws sleeved on the outer surface of the force rod 9, and the entire step is fastened by the fastening screws on both sides of the force rod 9 As one.

Example three

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is:

As shown in Figures 17, 18, 19, and 20, the longitudinal section of the bottom plate 3 is rectangular. The bottom plate 3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the step 2, the bottom plate 3 and the step 2 are connected as a whole, and one surface of the bottom plate 3 and the bottom surface of the step 2 are the same.

As shown in FIG. 21, the arrangement of the force receiving rod 9 of the module 1 of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and each step is formed by splicing 8 modules 1. As shown in Figs. 21 and 22, the upper surface and the lower surface of the bottom plate 3 of the module 1 are not provided with a dovetail platform 11 and a dovetail groove 12. According to the actual situation, the dovetail platform 11 and the dovetail groove 12 can also be provided if necessary.

There are two ways for the stairs of this embodiment to be fixed to buildings or structures, including the stair structure with buffering sliding connection as shown in Figures 23 and 24, and the fixed connection as shown in Figures 25 and 26. Stair structure.

As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the upper and lower ends of the stairs are respectively provided with steel plate supports 19, and the steel plate supports 19 are fixedly connected to the force rod 9 of this embodiment. The steps at both ends of the stairs are adjacent to the steel plate supports 19, and the steel plate supports The seat 19 is fixed to a building or structure by a vertical anchor bolt 20. The steel plate support 19 is provided with a waist-shaped hole that cooperates with the anchor bolt 20, and a steel plate support is provided on the building or structure. The notch of 19. As shown in Figures 23 and 24, in the steel plate support 19 along the length of the waist-shaped hole, there is a certain gap between the steel plate support 19 and the side wall of the notch. In the case of building shaking, the entire staircase can pass through the anchor bolts. The arrangement of 20 and the waist-shaped hole, the steel plate support 19 and the gap form a certain buffering effect, so that the entire staircase will not fall apart when the building shakes.

As shown in Figures 25 and 26, the steel plate supports 19 at the upper and lower ends of the stairs are fixed to the building or structure, and the two ends of the force-bearing rod 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the steel plate supports 19 at both ends. As shown in Fig. 26, the anchor 20 is laterally fixed to a structure or building.

Example four

The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is:

As shown in Figures 27, 28, 29, and 30, the force-bearing rod 9 of this embodiment is laterally fixed on a building or structure, and a transversely penetrating channel 13 is provided on the module 1 along the installation direction of the module 1. The same step The tunnels 13 between the upper adjacent modules 1 are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The connected tunnels 13 constitute the transverse tunnel 13 of the staircase; the force rod 9 penetrates through the transverse tunnel 13, and its two ends are respectively fixed to the building or structure on.

As shown in Figures 31, 32, and 33, the module 1 of each step is also provided with three holes 13 to form the three transverse holes 13 of each step. The three load-bearing rods 9 penetrate a step transversely. Of course, the step The upper horizontal holes 13 can be set according to actual conditions, and generally 2-4 are appropriate. The number of force rods 9 used on a step can also be set according to actual conditions. Each step is fastened by a number of modules 1, and then each step is fixed to the building or structure through the force rod 9. During the construction process, the same step can be connected in series through the force rod 9 and then fixed to the building. Or on a structure, it can be assembled on-site, and it can be assembled from small to large, step by step from the bottom to the top, and the construction is simple and convenient.

As shown in Figure 33, both ends of the stairs are provided with bases 18, and the bottom plate 3 of the steps is adjacent to the end of the base 18. Because each step is fixed to the building or structure by a separate force rod 9, it can be directly Just align and fix the steps with the base 18, and then stack the module 1 and the steps upward step by step in the same manner. The angle between the bottom plate 3 of the module 1 of this embodiment and the horizontal direction constitutes the slope of the stairs.

In the above embodiment, after the stairs are erected, fillers can be filled into the diagonal through holes 10 or the transverse channels 13, so that the force rod 9 and the steps are fastened together, which increases the strength of the entire stairs. The step height 2-1 and step width 2-2 of the step 2 in the above embodiment can be set according to national standards. The size of the bottom plate 3 can be set according to the actual situation, and the whole is made of plastic. The inside of the module 1 is a grid structure. 16. The overall weight is very light, safe and firm, time-saving and labor-saving in production and assembly, convenient transportation, etc., which saves the cost of each link.

The above embodiments should be understood as only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. After reading the recorded content of the present invention, technical personnel can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A modular composite staircase, which is characterized in that it includes a plurality of steps arranged in a stepped manner and a force-receiving structure supporting the steps; the plurality of steps are all composed of a plurality of identical modules (1) in a horizontal direction; the modules (1) are spliced together; ) Includes a step (2) and a bottom plate (3), the bottom plates (3) of the upper and lower adjacent modules (1) are adjacent to each other; the step (2) includes a step height (2-1) and a step width (2-2), The bottom plate (3) is arranged on the bottom surface of the step (2); a number of the steps are fixed on a building or structure through a force-bearing structure.
The modular composite staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom plate (3) and the steps (2) are integrally arranged or separately arranged.
The modular composite staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that it is also provided with a fixed structure which connects several modules (1) of the same step into a whole.
The modular composite staircase according to claim 3, wherein the fixed structure is, but not limited to, a screw (4), a steel pipe, an aluminum pipe, and a copper pipe.
A modular composite staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the module (1) further comprises a boss (5) and a groove (6) which are respectively arranged on the sides and correspond to each other. ; Adjacent modules (1) on the same step are interlocked with each other through the cooperation of the boss (5) and the groove (6).
A modular composite staircase according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the step width (2-2) is provided with an installation slot (7) for installing a handrail or a blind track indicating structure; (2-1) A light trough (8) for installing illuminating lights or emergency lights is provided on (2-1).
The modular composite staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that, the force-bearing structure is a plurality of force-bearing rods (9) fixed on buildings or structures.
A modular composite staircase according to claim 7, characterized in that the longitudinal section of the bottom plate (3) is a parallelogram, and the bottom surface of the upper step bottom plate (3) of the adjacent steps is pressed against the adjacent lower step The top surface of the bottom plate (3).
A modular composite staircase according to claim 8, characterized in that the module (1) is a right-angled trapezoid with a right-angled trapezoid in longitudinal section; the top surface of the module (1) bottom plate (3) and the module (1) ) The step width (2-2) is flush, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate (3) is arranged in parallel with the step width (2-2).
The modular composite staircase according to claim 8, characterized in that the longitudinal section of the bottom plate (3) is rectangular.
A modular composite staircase according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the bottom plate (3) of the module (1) is provided with a through hole (10) that penetrates up and down, and the modules (1) are adjacent to each other up and down. The through holes (10) between them are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The connected through holes (10) constitute the oblique through holes of the stairs; the force rod (9) penetrates through the oblique through holes, and the upper and lower ends are respectively Fixed on a building or structure, at least one force rod (9) is respectively arranged on both sides of the stairs, and the angle between the force rod (9) and the horizontal direction constitutes the slope of the stairs.
The modular composite staircase according to claim 11, characterized in that the module (1) further comprises a dovetail platform (11) and a dovetail groove corresponding to each other on the upper surface and the lower surface of the bottom plate (3). (12); The bottom plates (3) of the upper and lower adjacent modules (1) are locked with each other through the dovetail platform (11) and the dovetail groove (12).
A modular composite staircase according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a transversely penetrating tunnel (13) is provided on the module (1) along the installation direction of the module (1), and adjacent to each other on the same step The tunnels (13) between the modules (1) are connected in one-to-one correspondence and have the same direction. The connected tunnels (13) constitute the transverse tunnels of the stairs; the force rod (9) penetrates through the transverse tunnels, and both ends of which are respectively fixed in the building On objects or structures.