WO2021063257A1 - 瞄准器 - Google Patents

瞄准器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021063257A1
WO2021063257A1 PCT/CN2020/117714 CN2020117714W WO2021063257A1 WO 2021063257 A1 WO2021063257 A1 WO 2021063257A1 CN 2020117714 W CN2020117714 W CN 2020117714W WO 2021063257 A1 WO2021063257 A1 WO 2021063257A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide
guide hole
handle
sight
positioning sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/117714
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文涛
Original Assignee
北京大学深圳医院
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京大学深圳医院 filed Critical 北京大学深圳医院
Publication of WO2021063257A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021063257A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1714—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for applying tendons or ligaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a sight.
  • Bone reconstruction surgery or ligament reconstruction surgery usually requires drilling holes in the bones for fixing some fasteners. These fasteners are used to fasten ligament or tendon grafts, or to fix some artificial replacements. Most of the existing drilling methods are based on many years of surgical experience using drills to make the required holes in the bones. However, due to some interference in the surgical process, the holes may still be misaligned and the expected results cannot be achieved. , It is easy to prolong the operation time and cause pain to the patient.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to disclose a sight, which is used to solve the problem that holes may be misaligned when drilling holes in the bones in the existing bone reconstruction surgery or ligament reconstruction surgery.
  • a sight which is used to assist in drilling holes in bones, the sight includes:
  • a handle the handle having a holding end and a connecting end away from the holding end;
  • a guide the guide is connected to the connecting end, the guide is provided with a first guide hole, and the guide is also penetrated along the axial direction of the first guide hole to make the first guide An open opening on one side of the hole that communicates with the outside world;
  • the aiming arm includes a fixed end connected to the handle and a free end far away from the handle. The end of the free end is hook-shaped. The aiming arm is aligned with the center line of the first guide hole. Extend by way of intersection;
  • a positioning sleeve the positioning sleeve can movably pass through the first guide hole, and the positioning sleeve has a second guide hole extending through the positioning sleeve along its axial direction;
  • a positioning pin, the positioning pin can movably pass through the second guide hole.
  • the side of the gripping end away from the aiming arm is provided with a first anti-slip pattern.
  • the side of the gripping end facing the aiming arm is provided with a plurality of first recesses for matching with the fingers of the human body.
  • the aiming arm is further provided with a second recess for avoiding the head of the humerus near the free end.
  • the guide member is a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded corners
  • the surface of the guide member far from the aiming arm is defined as the first surface
  • the first guide hole is provided with six and six holes.
  • the first guide holes are arranged in two rows and three rows on the first surface, the two rows of the first guide holes located on both sides of the guide member are connected to the outside, and the two first guide holes located in the middle The holes communicate with each other and all communicate with the outside world.
  • the positioning sleeve includes a rod and a locking part connected to one end of the rod, the outer side wall of the locking part is provided with a second anti-slip pattern, and the second guide hole penetrates the The detent portion and the rod portion.
  • the guide and the handle are integrally formed.
  • the guide member and the handle are rotatably connected.
  • the doctor can drill the required holes in the bones more accurately by using the sight during the process of drilling the bones, avoiding the deviation of the punching holes in the bones, and reducing the patient It shortens the operation time, and connects with the outside world by setting the side of the first guide hole. In this way, when the doctor completes the positioning of the positioning needle, as long as the handle is shifted, the separation of the guide and the positioning needle can be completed. It is very convenient to remove the handle, the guide connected with the handle and the aiming arm, so that the operation time can be effectively shortened and the patient's pain can be reduced.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sight disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle, the guide and the aiming arm
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the sight disclosed by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sight disclosed in other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning sleeve disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention discloses a sight 100 for assisting in drilling holes in bones.
  • the sight 100 includes a handle 10, a guide 20, an aiming arm 30, a positioning sleeve 40, and a positioning Needle 50.
  • the handle 10 has a holding end 11 and a connecting end 12 away from the holding end 11.
  • the guide 20 is connected to the connecting end 12, the guide 20 is provided with a first guide hole 21, and the guide 20 is along the axial direction of the first guide hole 21 There is also an opening 22 through which one side of the first guide hole 21 communicates with the outside world.
  • the aiming arm 30 includes a fixed end 31 connected to the handle 10 and a free end 32 far away from the handle 10.
  • the end of the free end 32 is Hook-shaped, the aiming arm 30 extends to intersect the centerline L of the first guide hole 21, the positioning sleeve 40 can be movably inserted in the first guide hole 21, and the positioning sleeve 40 penetrates the first guide hole 21 along its axial direction.
  • Two guide holes 41, the positioning pin 50 can be movably penetrated in the second guide hole 41.
  • the “positioning sleeve 40 can be movably inserted into the first guide hole 21” means that the positioning sleeve 40 can be inserted into the first guide hole 21, or can be drawn out from the first guide hole 21.
  • the "positioning pin 50 can be movably inserted into the second guide hole 41” is also a designation that the position pin 50 can be inserted into the second guide hole 41, or it can be taken out of the second guide hole 41. .
  • the doctor When a hole needs to be drilled in the bone during the operation, the doctor holds the gripping end 11 with his hand, extends the aiming arm 30 into the predetermined fixed place of the bone, anchors the hook-shaped end of the aiming arm 30 on the bone, and then The positioning sleeve 40 is inserted into the first guide hole 21, and then the positioning needle 50 is inserted into the second guide hole 41.
  • the doctor adjusts the angle of the sight 100 according to the preset position of the hole in the bone to make the positioning needle 50
  • the orientation is the preset drilling direction, knock the positioning pin 50 so that one end of the positioning pin 50 is inserted into the bone, then, keeping the positioning pin 50 in place, withdraw the positioning sleeve 40 and offset the handle 10.
  • a physician can use the sight 100 to drill the required holes in the bones more accurately during the process of drilling the bones, avoiding the deviation of the punching holes on the bones.
  • the patient’s pain is reduced, the operation time is shortened, and the side of the first guide hole 21 is provided to communicate with the outside world.
  • the guide can be completed by only offsetting the handle 10
  • the separation of 20 and the positioning needle 50 is very convenient for the removal of the handle 10 and the guide 20 connected with the handle 10 and the aiming arm 30, which can effectively shorten the operation time and relieve the pain of the patient. It should be noted that if there is no setting The side of the first guide hole 21 communicates with the outside world.
  • the handle 10 needs to be taken out along the direction of the first guide hole 21, and because the aiming arm
  • the hook-shaped end of the 30 is anchored to the bone, so on the one hand it is not convenient to take out the handle 10, and on the other hand, the hook-shaped end of the aiming arm 30 is bound to damage the patient’s bones and cause the patient’s pain.
  • the handle 10 is not easy to remove, which easily prolongs the operation time, and also increases the pain for the patient.
  • positioning sleeves 40 can be designed, and the diameter of the second guide hole 41 of each positioning sleeve 40 is different.
  • a variety of positioning needles 50 and positioning sleeves 40 with different outer diameters can be designed. In this way, the doctor can choose different positioning sleeves 40 and positioning needles 50 to perform the operation according to actual needs, which expands the scope of use of the sight 100 and makes the use more flexible.
  • the fixed end 31 of the aiming arm 30 is connected between the holding end 11 and the connecting end 12, and the holding end 11 is extended by a longer length, which is preferably consistent with the width of the human palm for easy holding.
  • the doctor facilitates the operation of the sight 100 by holding the gripping end 11, and on the other hand, during the positioning of the positioning needle 50, the hand holding the gripping end 11 has a certain distance from the guide 20. Distance, a larger operating area can be reserved, and the hands will not interfere with the positioning of the positioning needle 50 during the positioning process, so that the operation can be performed smoothly.
  • a first anti-slip pattern 111 is provided on the side of the holding end 11 away from the aiming arm 30.
  • the first anti-slip pattern 111 is provided so that when the doctor holds the handle 10, the anti-slip pattern 111 can increase the friction between the grip end 11 and the palm, so that the doctor can hold the grip end 11 more easily. stable.
  • the side of the holding end 11 facing the aiming arm 30 is provided with a plurality of first recesses 112 for matching with the fingers of the human body.
  • the first recess 112 is provided so that when the doctor holds the gripping end 11, his fingers can fit well with the first recess 112, which is ergonomic, so that the doctor can hold the gripping end 11. Time is easier.
  • the aiming arm 30 is further provided with a second recess 321 for avoiding the humeral head near the free end 32.
  • the free end 32 is provided with a second recess 321, so that when the sight 100 is used to assist the perforation of the glenoid, the wear of the sight arm 30 on the humeral head can be reduced.
  • the guide member 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded corners, and the surface of the guide member 20 on the side away from the aiming arm 30 is defined as the first surface.
  • the first guide hole 21 is provided with six and six A guide hole 21 is arranged in two rows and three rows on the first surface.
  • the two rows of first guide holes 21 located on both sides of the guide member 20 are connected to the outside world, and the two first guide holes 21 located in the middle communicate with each other and are both connected to each other. Connect with the outside world.
  • the number of the first guide holes 21 is not limited to six, and the first guide holes 21 can be provided with one to five or more than six. It depends on the actual design requirements.
  • the positioning The sleeve 40 and the positioning needle 50 may be provided with a number matching the number of the first guide holes 21.
  • the guide block 20 is not limited to the above-mentioned rectangular parallelepiped with rounded corners.
  • the guide block 20 can also be designed in a spherical shape as shown in FIG. 4 or other shapes, depending on actual design requirements.
  • the positioning sleeve 40 includes a rod 42 and a locking part 43 connected to one end of the rod 42.
  • the outer side wall of the locking part 43 is provided with a second anti-slip pattern 431 and a second guide hole. 41 penetrates the retaining portion 43 and the rod portion 42.
  • the second anti-slip pattern 431 is provided on the outer side wall of the locking portion 43, so that the doctor can grasp the locking portion 43 and extract the positioning sleeve 40 from the first guide hole 21.
  • the guide 20 and the handle 10 are integrally formed. Easy to manufacture.
  • the guide 20 and the handle 10 are rotatably connected.
  • the angle ⁇ between the center line L of the first guide hole 21 and the extending direction of the aiming arm 30 can be adjusted by rotating the guide member 20 so that the positioning sleeve 40 swings toward or away from the aiming arm 30, thereby making the aiming device 100 more useful.
  • Flexible which has a larger use space.
  • the connecting end 12 of the guide block 20 and the handle 10 can be designed as a pivotal connection structure.
  • the outer side wall of the positioning sleeve 40 is provided with a scale 41.
  • the reading of the scale 41 is from the end connecting the rod 42 and the retaining part 43 toward the rod 42 The end away from the retaining portion 43 gradually increases.
  • the end of the rod 42 away from the retaining portion 43 extends to the free end 32 of the aiming arm 30, In this way, when the sight 100 is in use, by reading the scale 41 on the positioning sleeve 40, one can know the distance from the end of the rod 42 away from the clamping portion 43 to the free end 32, that is, the distance between the positioning sleeve 40 and the free end 32 can be known. The width of the bone held by the free end 32.
  • the handle 10 is also provided with a plurality of measuring holes 13 through it.
  • the diameters of the plurality of measuring holes 13 are different.
  • the measuring holes 13 are used to measure the diameter of the rib or its replacement.
  • the edge of each measuring hole 13 is engraved with a numerical value indicating the diameter of the measuring hole 13.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种瞄准器（100），包括手柄（10）、导向件（20）、瞄准臂（30）、定位套管（40）以及定位针（50）。手柄（10）具有握持端（11）和远离握持端（11）的连接端（12），导向件（20）与连接端（12）连接，导向件（20）设有第一导向孔（21），导向件（20）沿第一导向孔（21）的轴向还贯穿开设有以使第一导向孔（21）的一侧与外界连通的敞口（22），瞄准臂（30）包括与手柄（10）连接的固定端（31）和远离手柄（10）的自由端（32），自由端（32）的端部呈勾状，瞄准臂（30）以与第一导向孔（21）的中心线（L）相交的方式延伸，定位套管（40）可活动穿设于第一导向孔（21）中，定位套管（40）沿其轴向贯穿开设有第二导向孔（41），定位针（50）可活动穿设于第二导向孔（41）中。该瞄准器（100）具有可以精确地在骨骼上钻出所需的孔位，避免了出现骨骼上打孔偏离的情况，减轻了患者的痛苦，以及缩短了手术的时间的优点。

Description

瞄准器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗设备领域，尤其涉及一种瞄准器。
 背景技术
骨重建手术或者韧带重建手术通常需要在骨骼上打孔以供一些紧固件穿设固定，这些紧固件用于紧固韧带或者腱的移植物，或者是用于固定一些人工替换物。现有的打孔的方式多是医师凭借多年的手术经验使用钻头在骨骼上打出所需的孔，然而由于手术过程的一些干扰，还是有可能出现孔位打偏的情况，不能达到预期的效果，也容易延长手术时间，给患者造成痛楚。
 技术解决方案
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的公开一种瞄准器，用以解决现有的骨重建手术或者韧带重建手术在骨骼上打孔可能会出现孔位打偏的问题。
本发明的目的采用如下技术方案实现：
一种瞄准器，用于辅助在骨骼上打孔，所述瞄准器包括：
手柄，所述手柄具有握持端和远离所述握持端的连接端；
导向件，所述导向件与所述连接端连接，所述导向件设有第一导向孔，所述导向件沿所述第一导向孔的轴向还贯穿开设有以使所述第一导向孔的一侧与外界连通的敞口；
瞄准臂，所述瞄准臂包括与所述手柄连接的固定端和远离所述手柄的自由端，所述自由端的端部呈勾状，所述瞄准臂以与所述第一导向孔的中心线相交的方式延伸；
定位套管，所述定位套管可活动穿设于所述第一导向孔中，所述定位套管沿其轴向贯穿开设有第二导向孔；以及
定位针，所述定位针可活动穿设于所述第二导向孔中。
作为一种改进方式，所述握持端远离所述瞄准臂的一侧设有第一防滑纹。
作为一种改进方式，所述握持端朝向所述瞄准臂的一侧设有若干个用于与人体手指相配合的第一凹陷。
作为一种改进方式，所述瞄准臂靠近所述自由端处还设有用于避让肱骨头的第二凹陷。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一导向孔的中心线与所述瞄准臂的延伸方向的夹角为α，α=45°±30°。
作为一种改进方式，所述导向件为带圆角的长方体，定义所述导向件远离所述瞄准臂一侧的表面为第一表面，所述第一导向孔设有六个，六个所述第一导向孔在所述第一表面呈两行三列排布，位于所述导向件两侧的两列所述第一导向孔均与外界连通，位于中间的两个所述第一导向孔相互连通并均与外界连通。
作为一种改进方式，相邻两个所述第一导向孔的间距为S，S=10±1mm。
作为一种改进方式，所述定位套管包括杆部和与所述杆部一端连接的卡位部，所述卡位部的外侧壁设有第二防滑纹，所述第二导向孔贯穿所述卡位部和所述杆部。
作为一种改进方式，所述导向件与所述手柄一体成型。
作为一种改进方式，所述导向件与所述手柄可转动连接。
 有益效果
本发明提供的瞄准器，医师在骨骼钻孔的过程中，通过使用该瞄准器可以较为精确地在骨骼上钻出所需的孔位，避免了出现骨骼上打孔偏离的情况，降低了患者的痛苦，缩短了手术的时间，而且通过设置第一导向孔的旁侧与外界连通，这样，当医师完成定位针的定位时，只要偏移手柄，就可以完成导向件与定位针的分离，非常便于手柄及与手柄连接的导向件和瞄准臂的取下，从而可以有效缩短手术的时间，减轻患者的痛苦。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例公开的瞄准器的结构示意图；
图2为手柄、导向件以及瞄准臂的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例公开的瞄准器的使用状态示意图；
图4为本发明其它实施例公开的瞄准器的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例公开的定位套管的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
请参阅图1-5，本发明实施例公开一种瞄准器100，用于辅助在骨骼上打孔，所述瞄准器100包括手柄10、导向件20、瞄准臂30、定位套管40以及定位针50。手柄10具有握持端11和远离握持端11的连接端12，导向件20与连接端12连接，导向件20设有第一导向孔21，导向件20沿第一导向孔21的轴向还贯穿开设有以使第一导向孔21的一侧与外界连通的敞口22，瞄准臂30包括与手柄10连接的固定端31和远离手柄10的自由端32，自由端32的端部呈勾状，瞄准臂30以与第一导向孔21的中心线L相交的方式延伸，定位套管40可活动穿设于第一导向孔21中，定位套管40沿其轴向贯穿开设有第二导向孔41，定位针50可活动穿设于第二导向孔41中。
所述的“定位套管40可活动穿设于第一导向孔21中”指的是定位套管40可以穿设在第一导向孔21中，也可以从第一导向孔21中抽出取下。同理，所述的“定位针50可活动穿设于第二导向孔41中”也是指定位针50可以穿设在第二导向孔41中，也可以从第二导向孔41中抽出取下。
当手术过程中需要在骨骼上打孔时，医师用手握住握持端11，将瞄准臂30伸进骨骼预设固定的地方，瞄准臂30勾状的端部锚在骨骼上，接着将定位套管40穿设于第一导向孔21中，然后将定位针50穿设于第二导向孔41中，医师根据预设的骨骼上打孔的方位调整瞄准器100的角度使得定位针50的朝向正是预设的打孔方向，敲击定位针50，使得定位针50的一端扎进骨骼中，然后，保持定位针50的位置不动，将定位套管40抽出，偏移手柄10，使得定位针50从第一导向孔21旁侧出来，然后撤去手柄10及与手柄10连接的导向件20和瞄准臂30，最后将中空的钻头套设在定位针50外，驱动钻头转动沿定位针50的方向对骨骼进行钻孔。
本实施例提供的瞄准器100，医师在骨骼钻孔的过程中，通过使用该瞄准器100可以较为精确地在骨骼上钻出所需的孔位，避免了出现骨骼上打孔偏离的情况，降低了患者的痛苦，缩短了手术的时间，而且通过设置第一导向孔21的旁侧与外界连通，这样，当医师完成定位针50的定位时，只要偏移手柄10，就可以完成导向件20与定位针50的分离，非常便于手柄10及与手柄10连接的导向件20和瞄准臂30的取下，从而可以有效缩短手术的时间，减轻患者的痛苦，需要说明的是，如果没有设置第一导向孔21的旁侧与外界连通，这样，当医师完成定位针50的定位后，需要取下手柄10时，需要将手柄10沿着第一导向孔21的方向取出，而由于瞄准臂30勾状的端部锚在骨骼上，这样，一方面不便于手柄10的取出，另一方面瞄准臂30勾状的端部势必会对患者的骨骼形成损坏，造成患者的痛楚，而且，由于手柄10不容易取下，容易延长手术的时间，也会给患者增加痛苦。
需要说明的是，可以设计多种定位套管40，每种定位套管40的第二导向孔41的孔径不一，相应地，可以设计多种不同外径的定位针50与定位套管40配合，这样，医师可以根据实际需要选用不同的定位套管40和定位针50配合进行手术，扩大了瞄准器100的使用范围，使用更加灵活。
需要说明的是，瞄准臂30的固定端31连接于握持端11与连接端12之间，而且，握持端11延长较长长度，优选为与人体手掌的宽度一致，便于握持。这样，一方面，医师通过握持握持端11便于操作该瞄准器100，另一方面，在定位针50定位的过程中，握持在握持端11的手部由于距离导向件20有一定的距离，可以预留出较大的操作区域，手部不会对定位针50在定位的过程中产生干扰，使得手术能够顺利进行。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，握持端11远离瞄准臂30的一侧设有第一防滑纹111。以该设计方式，通过设置第一防滑纹111，这样医师在握持手柄10的时候，防滑纹111可以增大握持端11与手掌的摩擦力，使得医师握持握持端11的时候更为稳固。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，握持端11朝向瞄准臂30的一侧设有若干个用于与人体手指相配合的第一凹陷112。以该设计方式，通过设置第一凹陷112，这样医师在握持握持端11的时候，手指可以和第一凹陷112很好的贴合，符合人体工程学，使得医师握持握持端11的时候更为轻松。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，瞄准臂30靠近所述自由端32处还设有用于避让肱骨头的第二凹陷321。以该设计方式，通过在自由端32设有第二凹陷321，这样，当该瞄准器100用于辅助肩盂的打孔时，可以降低瞄准臂30对肱骨头的磨损。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，第一导向孔21的中心线L与瞄准臂30的延伸方向的夹角为α，α=45°±30°。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，导向件20为带圆角的长方体，定义导向件20远离瞄准臂30一侧的表面为第一表面，第一导向孔21设有六个，六个第一导向孔21在第一表面呈两行三列排布，位于导向件20两侧的两列第一导向孔21均与外界连通，位于中间的两个第一导向孔21相互连通并均与外界连通。当然，第一导向孔21的数量不局限于设有六个，第一导向孔21设有一个至五个或者是多于六个也是可以的，具体根据实际设计需要而定，对应地，定位套管40以及定位针50可以设有与第一导向孔21的数量相匹配的数量。进一步地，导向块20不局限于设为上述的带圆角的长方体，例如，导向块20也可以设计成如图4所示的球形或者其它形状，具体根据实际设计需要而定。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，相邻两个第一导向孔21的间距为S，S=10±1mm。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，定位套管40包括杆部42和与杆部42一端连接的卡位部43，卡位部43的外侧壁设有第二防滑纹431，第二导向孔41贯穿卡位部43和杆部42。以该设计方式，通过在卡位部43的外侧壁设有第二防滑纹431，方便医师拿捏住卡位部43将定位套管40从第一导向孔21中抽出。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，导向件20与手柄10一体成型。便于制造。
在其他实施例中，导向件20与手柄10可转动连接。通过转动导向件20使得定位套管40朝向或者远离瞄准臂30摆动可以调节第一导向孔21的中心线L与瞄准臂30延伸方向的夹角α的大小，从而使得该瞄准器100的使用更灵活，从而具有更大的使用空间。例如，可以将导向块20与手柄10的连接端12设计成枢接的连接结构。
请参阅图5，作为本实施例的一种改进方式，定位套管40的外侧壁设有刻度41，优选地，刻度41的读数从杆部42与卡位部43连接的一端朝向杆部42远离卡位部43的一端逐渐增大，当定位套管40的卡位部43抵接在导向件20上时，杆部42远离卡位部43的一端延伸到瞄准臂30的自由端32，这样，当该瞄准器100使用时，通过读取定位套管40上的刻度41就可以知道杆部42远离卡位部43的一端到自由端32的距离，也即可以知道定位套管40与自由端32夹持的骨位的宽度。
作为本实施例的一种改进方式，手柄10上还贯穿开设有若干个测量孔13，若干个所述测量孔13的孔径不一，该测量孔13用于测量筋条或者其替换件的直径，每个测量孔13的边缘刻有表示该测量孔13孔径的数值，使用时，当有一个测量孔31刚好适合待测试的筋条穿过时，即可获得该筋条的直径，非常方便。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种瞄准器，用于辅助在骨骼上打孔，其特征在于，所述瞄准器包括：
    手柄，所述手柄具有握持端和远离所述握持端的连接端；
    导向件，所述导向件与所述连接端连接，所述导向件设有第一导向孔，所述导向件沿所述第一导向孔的轴向还贯穿开设有以使所述第一导向孔的一侧与外界连通的敞口；
    瞄准臂，所述瞄准臂包括与所述手柄连接的固定端和远离所述手柄的自由端，所述自由端的端部呈勾状，所述瞄准臂以与所述第一导向孔的中心线相交的方式延伸；
    定位套管，所述定位套管可活动穿设于所述第一导向孔中，所述定位套管沿其轴向贯穿开设有第二导向孔；以及
    定位针，所述定位针可活动穿设于所述第二导向孔中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述握持端远离所述瞄准臂的一侧设有第一防滑纹。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述握持端朝向所述瞄准臂的一侧设有若干个用于与人体手指相配合的第一凹陷。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述瞄准臂靠近所述自由端处还设有用于避让肱骨头的第二凹陷。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述第一导向孔的中心线与所述瞄准臂的延伸方向的夹角为α，α=45°±30°。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述导向件为带圆角的长方体，定义所述导向件远离所述瞄准臂一侧的表面为第一表面，所述第一导向孔设有六个，六个所述第一导向孔在所述第一表面呈两行三列排布，位于所述导向件两侧的两列所述第一导向孔均与外界连通，位于中间的两个所述第一导向孔相互连通并均与外界连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，相邻两个所述第一导向孔的间距为S，S=10±1mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述定位套管包括杆部和与所述杆部一端连接的卡位部，所述卡位部的外侧壁设有第二防滑纹，所述第二导向孔贯穿所述卡位部和所述杆部。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述导向件与所述手柄一体成型。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的瞄准器，其特征在于，所述导向件与所述手柄可转动连接。
PCT/CN2020/117714 2019-09-30 2020-09-25 瞄准器 WO2021063257A1 (zh)

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