WO2021062963A1 - 一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物 - Google Patents
一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021062963A1 WO2021062963A1 PCT/CN2020/000180 CN2020000180W WO2021062963A1 WO 2021062963 A1 WO2021062963 A1 WO 2021062963A1 CN 2020000180 W CN2020000180 W CN 2020000180W WO 2021062963 A1 WO2021062963 A1 WO 2021062963A1
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- composition
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- fluoroalkane
- hfc
- tetrafluoropropene
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QUMMVLKKFFMERY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1-propyl-2H-pyridine Chemical compound CC=1CN(C=CC=1)CCC QUMMVLKKFFMERY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
- C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
- C10M2229/025—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
- C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
- C10N2020/101—Containing Hydrofluorocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluorohydrocarbon composition, in particular to a composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane.
- chlorine-containing compositions such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) and the like used as refrigerants in air conditioning and refrigeration systems have been Start to reduce and phase out. Therefore, there has been an increasing need for new fluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons and compositions that can provide alternative options for refrigeration and heat pump applications. For example, it has become desirable to improve chlorine-containing refrigeration systems by replacing chlorine-containing refrigerants with non-chlorine refrigerant compounds that do not deplete the ozone layer, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFC).
- HFC hydrofluorocarbons
- HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
- ODP Ozone Depletion Potential
- GWP Global Warming Potential
- the third-generation refrigerant represented by HFC although its ODP value is zero and has no damaging effect on the ozone layer, it has a high GWP value and is listed as a greenhouse gas by the Kyoto Protocol.
- the European Parliament passed F-gas regulations to limit high GWP. Value of the use of fluorine-containing gases, the Kigali Amendment countries have reached an agreement on a timetable for the reduction of HFCs, and the international community has reached a consensus in the field of climate change.
- HFO-1234yf 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene
- MAC mobile air-conditioning
- HFO-1234yf is considered to be a more promising new-generation automotive refrigerant substitute, and it is currently accepted by car manufacturers in Western Europe. Although the GWP and atmospheric life of HFO-1234yf have obvious environmental advantages compared with other refrigerants that replace HFC-134a, it has low flammability and may cause fire hazards.
- the refrigerant composition when used in a refrigeration system, it is also necessary to consider the compatibility of the refrigerant composition and the lubricant.
- the lubricant In order for the refrigerating fluid-lubricant combination to work at an effective ideal level in compression refrigeration, air conditioning and/or heat pump systems, the lubricant should be fully dissolved in the refrigerating liquid at various operating temperatures.
- the solubility reduces the viscosity of the lubricant and makes it easier to flow throughout the system. In the absence of such solubility, lubricants tend to accumulate in the evaporator coils of refrigeration, air conditioning, or heat pump systems and other parts of the system, and thus reduce system efficiency.
- Lubricants currently used in HFC refrigeration systems and HCFC refrigerant refrigeration systems include mineral oil, silicone oil, polyalkylbenzene, polyalkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol ester, polyol ester, and polyvinyl alcohol. ether.
- polyalkylene glycols, polyalkylene glycol esters, polyvinyl ethers and polyol esters are usually preferably used as lubricants.
- mineral oil or polyalkylbenzenes are usually used as lubricants.
- Any potential substitute refrigerant must also have those characteristics found in many of the most widely used fluids, such as excellent heat transfer characteristics, chemical stability, low or non-toxicity, non-flammability and lubricant compatibility, etc. .
- HFO-1234yf-based compositions which can improve the refrigeration effect and compatibility with lubricating oil by adding other components, while combining the advantages of each component to minimize Small disadvantages.
- HFC-134a which consists of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene ( HFO-1234ze (E)) and 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a).
- Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101864277A discloses a mixture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1-difluoroethane and dimethyl ether (DME).
- Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102066518A discloses a mixture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1-difluoroethane.
- Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102083935A discloses a mixture of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
- Chinese Patent Publication No. CN104403637A discloses a tetrafluoropropylene composition with good lubricant compatibility and a preparation method. According to parts by weight, its composition is: fluorine-modified Ni-containing hydrotalcite 0.4-15 parts, silane Coupling agent 0.002-0.25 parts, lubricant 49.5-985 parts, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene 4000-90000 parts, fluoroethane 0-60000 parts, 1,1-difluoroethane 0-15000 parts Parts, 0-5000 parts of isobutane, 0.8-1 parts of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imidated 3-methyl-1-propylpyridine.
- the refrigerant compositions disclosed in the above patents have disadvantages such as high GWP, or inability to directly charge and apply to refrigeration systems, or greater flammability, or the inability to use mineral oil. Therefore, it is necessary to develop better refrigeration performance, and New refrigerants with better compatibility with existing systems and better environmental performance.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composition of fluoroalkene and fluoroalkane which is environmentally friendly, has good refrigeration effect, good lubricant compatibility and low GWP.
- a composition of fluoroalkene and fluoroalkane the composition in parts by weight: 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene 70 ⁇ 80 parts, 10-20 parts of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 5-10 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 2-5 parts of difluoromethane.
- the composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention further includes a lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, silicone oil, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, and polyalkylbenzene. One or two of them.
- the global warming potential (GWP) of the composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention is not more than 150.
- the invention also discloses a preparation method of the fluoroalkene and fluoroalkane composition, that is, the components are physically mixed in a liquid phase state according to their weight percentages to obtain the composition.
- liquefied gas propellants are hydrocarbons such as butane, isobutane and propane. Dimethyl ether and HFC-152a alone or blended with hydrocarbon propellants are also used. However, these liquefied gas propellants are highly flammable, and their incorporation into aerosol formulations will generally produce flammable aerosol products.
- the present invention starts from the non-flammability of aerosol products, preferably a composition containing HFO-1234yf, which is used in medicinal aerosols including spray cleaners and certain industrial aerosol products.
- the idea of the present invention is mainly based on HFO-1234yf, by adding other components to improve the refrigeration effect, improve the compatibility with lubricating oil, and reduce the GWP value and flammability at the same time.
- the composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention can be used as a refrigerant and aerosol propellant to replace HFC-134a.
- life cycle climate performance (LCCP) is lower than HFC-134a
- the decomposition product is the same as HFC-134a.
- the refrigeration coefficient of HFO-1234yf is lower than that of HFC-134a, and the refrigeration capacity per unit volume is also lower.
- the exhaust temperature of HFO-1234yf is very low, and it has a large saturated liquid specific volume.
- LCCP lifetime climate performance
- the atmospheric decomposition products are the same as HFC-134a, and its system performance is better than HFC-134a. It is considered to be the most potential substitute for HFC-134a in refrigerant, aerosol propellant and other industries.
- the fluoroalkene and fluoroalkane composition of the present invention is based on 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene Fluoroethane and difluoromethane are mixed components, which combine the advantages of each component and minimize unfavorable factors.
- the composition of the present invention has the advantages of low GWP, environmental protection, good cooling effect, and good lubricant compatibility.
- the raw materials in the present invention are all commercially available.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention has an ODP of 0 and a GWP ⁇ 150, which has excellent environmental performance;
- the fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane composition of the present invention has a low discharge temperature, prolongs the service life of the compressor, and improves the reliability of the refrigeration equipment;
- the fluoroalkene and fluoroalkane composition of the present invention has good compatibility with lubricating oil and has higher stability;
- composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention can directly replace HFC-134a without replacing the compressor;
- composition of fluoroolefin and fluoroalkane of the present invention has good flame retardancy.
- the unit is kg.
- composition of the present invention has higher energy efficiency than HFC-134a, and the compressor using the composition of the present invention will produce a lower discharge temperature than HFC-134a.
- the tested lubricants were mineral oil (C3), silicone oil, alkylbenzene (Zerol 150), polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and polyol ester. During the test, two kinds of lubricants were selected and mixed at 50% by weight, and then mixed with the test substance.
- test substance/lubricant composition is as follows:
- composition of the present invention has higher stability when contacted with the lubricant in the compressor refrigeration system.
- Flammability test The flammability test is done in accordance with the American ASTM-E681-01 standard, where LFL is the lower limit of the flammability limit. The larger the LFL value, the lower the flammability. The results are shown in Table 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物,按重量份数其组成为:2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯70~80份,反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯10~20份,1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷5~10份,二氟甲烷2~5份。该组合物具有GWP低、绿色环保、制冷效果好、润滑剂相容性好的优点。
Description
本发明涉及氟代烃组合物,尤其涉及一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物。
近年来,全球已愈来愈关注对于地球大气和气候的潜在危害。由于与许多此类化合物有关的臭氧损耗特性,在空气调节和制冷系统中用作制冷剂的含氯组合物如氯氟碳化物(CFC)、氢氯氟碳化物(HCFC)及其类似物已开始削减并逐步淘汰。因此,已愈来愈需要可提供制冷和热泵应用的替代选择的新碳氟化合物和氢氟碳化合物和组合物。举例而言,通过用不会损耗臭氧层的不含氯制冷剂化合物如氢氟碳化物(HFC)替代含氯制冷剂来改进含氯制冷系统已变得合乎需要。
目前市场上制冷剂CFC-12的替代品主要是1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a)。虽然HFC-134a具有良好的热力性能,臭氧消耗潜能值(ODP)为0,不可燃,但是由于其全球变暖潜能值(GWP)为1370,不符合当前全球节能减排的要求,所以迫切需要研发环境性能更加出众,同时热力性能不比HFC 134a差的新型制冷剂。
以HFC为代表的第三代制冷剂,虽然ODP值为零,对臭氧层没有破坏作用,但其具有较高的GWP值,被京都议定书列入温室气体,欧洲议会通过F-gas法规限制高GWP值含氟气体的使用,基加利修正案各国达成了HFCs削减的时间表协议,国际社会在应对气候变化领域达成了一致共识。
2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234yf)具有良好的热力性能,作为单一工质制冷剂,具有优异的环境参数,其全球变暖潜能GWP=4,寿命期气候性能(LCCP)低于HFC-134a,大气分解物与HFC-134a相同。在相同的汽车空调工况下,其制冷系数低于HFC-134a,单位体积制冷量也偏低,但是HFO-1234yf的排气温度非常低,同时具有很大的饱和液体比体积。若选用HFO-1234yf替代HFC-134a制冷剂,则汽车生产商就可以继续沿用原车载空调(Mobile Air-Conditioning,MAC)系统。所以HFO-1234yf被认为是较具潜力的新一代汽车制冷剂替代品,目前在西欧已被汽车生产商所接受。虽然HFO-1234yf的 GWP和大气寿命相比较其他替代HFC-134a的制冷剂具有明显的环境优势,但其具有低度可燃性,有引起火灾的隐患。
另外,当制冷剂组合物用于制冷体系时,还需要考虑制冷剂组合物与润滑剂的相容性问题。为使制冷流体-润滑剂组合在压缩制冷、空气调节和/或热泵系统内以有效的理想水平工作,润滑剂应在各种操作温度下充分溶于制冷液体中。所述溶解性降低润滑剂的粘性,并使其更易于在整个系统中流动。在缺少所述溶解性的情况下,润滑剂易于积存在制冷、空气调节或热泵系统的蒸发器旋管以及所述系统的其它部分中,且因此降低系统效率。当组合物用于制冷体系时,必须有足够的润滑剂返回到体系的压缩机,使得压缩机被润滑,润滑剂的适宜性由制冷剂/润滑剂特性和体系本身的特性决定。现在使用在HFC制冷体系和HCFC制冷剂的制冷体系中的润滑剂包括矿物油、硅油、多烷基苯、聚亚烷基二醇、聚亚烷基二醇酯、多元醇酯、聚乙烯基醚。对于HFC的制冷体系,通常优选使用聚亚烷基二醇、聚亚烷基二醇酯、聚乙烯基醚和多元醇酯作为润滑剂。对于HCFC的制冷体系,通常采用矿物油或者多烷基苯作为润滑剂。
任何潜在的代用制冷剂也必须具有许多最广泛使用的流体中所存在的那些特性,诸如极佳的传热特性、化学稳定性、低毒性或无毒性、不易燃性和润滑剂相容性等。
基于以上思路,研究人员开发了含多种基于HFO-1234yf的组合物,通过添加其他的组分来提高制冷效果,提高与润滑油的相容性,同时结合各组分的优势,最大程度减小不利因素。
如中国专利公开号CN101851490A公开了一种可替代HFC-134a的制冷剂组合物,它由2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze(E))和1,1-二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)组成。
如中国专利公开号CN101864277A公开了一种2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、1,1-二氟乙烷和二甲醚(DME)组成的混合物。
如中国专利公开号CN102066518A公开了一种2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷和1,1-二氟乙烷组成的混合物。
如中国专利公开号CN102083935A公开了一种1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯组成的混合物。
如中国专利公开号CN104403637A公开了一种具有良好润滑剂相容性的四氟丙烯组合物及制备方法,按重量份数,其组成为:氟修饰的含Ni类水滑石0.4-15份,硅烷 偶联剂0.002-0.25份,润滑剂49.5-985份,2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯4000-90000份,氟乙烷0-60000份,1,1-二氟乙烷0-15000份,异丁烷0-5000份,双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺基化3-甲基-1-丙基吡啶0.8-1份。
上述专利中公开的制冷剂组合物存在或GWP偏高、或不可直接充灌应用于制冷系统、或可燃性较大、或不能使用矿物油等缺点,因此,需要开发具有更好制冷性能,与现有系统更好兼容以及具有更好环保性能的新制冷剂。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种绿色环保、制冷效果好、润滑剂相容性好、GWP低的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物,按重量份数其组成为:2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯70~80份,反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯10~20份,1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷5~10份,二氟甲烷2~5份。
作为本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物还包括润滑剂,所述润滑剂选自矿物油、硅油、多元醇酯、聚烷二醇、多烷基苯中的一种或两种。
作为本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物的全球变暖潜能值(GWP)不大于150。
本发明还公开了该氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物的制备方法,即将所述组分按其重量百分比在液相状态下进行物理混合,得到所述的组合物。
最常用的液化气体推进剂为烃,如丁烷、异丁烷和丙烷。也使用单独或与烃推进剂掺合的二甲醚和HFC-152a。但这些液化气体推进剂都高度易燃,且将其并入气雾剂的调配物中通常将产生易燃的气雾剂产物。本发明从气雾剂产品的不易燃入手,优选包含HFO-1234yf的组合物,用于包括喷雾清洁剂及某些工业气雾剂产品的药用气雾剂中。
本发明的思路是以HFO-1234yf为主,通过添加其他的组分来提高制冷效果,提高与润滑油的相容性,同时降低GWP值和可燃性。本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物可以用作制冷剂和气雾抛射剂用来替代HFC-134a。
本发明所述的HFO-1234yf具有良好的热力性能,作为单一工质制冷剂,具有优异的环境参数,其全球变暖潜能GWP=4,寿命期气候性能(LCCP)低于HFC-134a,大气分 解物与HFC-134a相同。在相同的汽车空调工况下,HFO-1234yf的制冷系数低于HFC-134a,单位体积制冷量也偏低,但是HFO-1234yf的排气温度非常低,同时具有很大的饱和液体比体积。
本发明所述的反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze(E))具有优异的环境参数,GWP=6,寿命期气候性能(LCCP)低于HFC-134a,大气分解物与HFC-134a相同,而且其系统性能优于HFC-134a,被认为是最有潜力替代HFC-134a用于制冷剂、气溶胶推进剂等行业的替代品。
本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物以2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、二氟甲烷为混配组分,结合了各组分的优势,最大程度减少了不利因素。本发明的组合物具有GWP低、绿色环保、制冷效果好、润滑剂相容性好的优点。
本发明中的原料均可市售取得。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物ODP为0,GWP<150,具有优良的环境性能;
2、本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物排出温度低,延长压缩机的使用寿命,提高了制冷设备的可靠性;
3、本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物与润滑油相容性好,具有更高的稳定性;
4、本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物可直接替换HFC-134a,无需更换压缩机;
5、本发明的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物具有良好的阻燃性。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明,但本发明并不局限于所述的实施例。
实施例1-5
将2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯,反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯,1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷,二氟甲烷按其重量份数在液相状态下进行物理混合,得到组合物,组成见表1。
表1实施例1-5得到的组合物组成
注:单位为kg。
性能测试:
(1)相对COP、相对容量、排出温度测试
设定压缩机入口温度50℃,测试在冷凝器和蒸发器的温度范围内测试物质的COP值、相对容量和排出温度,结果见表2。
表2实施例1-5得到的组合物的性能
测试物质 | 相对COP | 相对容量 | 排出温度 |
HFC-134a | 1.00 | 1.00 | 175 |
HFO-1234yf | 0.98 | 1.10 | 168 |
HFO-1234ze(E) | 1.04 | 0.70 | 165 |
1#组合物 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 171 |
2#组合物 | 1.05 | 1.12 | 166 |
3#组合物 | 1.08 | 1.11 | 168 |
4#组合物 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 169 |
5#组合物 | 1.10 | 1.02 | 163 |
通过表2可以看出,本发明组合物具有比HFC-134a更高的能效,且使用本发明组合物的压缩机将产生比HFC-134a更低的排出温度。
(2)可混溶性测试
所测试的润滑剂为矿物油(C3)、硅油、烷基苯(Zerol 150)、聚烷二醇(PAG)和多元醇酯。测试时,选用两种润滑剂按各50%重量百分比混合后,再与测试物质混合。
采用小型压缩机,加入测试物质/润滑剂组合物,在40℃下,测试测试物质/润滑剂 组合物与制冷系统中所使用的金属接触时,与润滑剂的相容性。判定测试物质/润滑剂在整个温度范围内以所有测试比例都可混溶。测试物质/润滑剂组合物如下:
(a)HFO-1234ze和矿物油/硅油
(b)HFO-1234yf和聚烷二醇/硅油
(c)1#组合物和烷基苯/硅油
(d)2#组合物和聚烷二醇/多元醇酯
(e)3#组合物和聚烷二醇/烷基苯
(f)4#组合物和硅油/烷基苯
在试验过程中发现,本发明的组合物与压缩机制冷系统中的润滑剂接触时,具有更高的稳定性。
(3)燃烧性测试
燃烧性试验:按照美国ASTM-E681-01标准做燃烧性试验,其中LFL为燃烧极限的低限值,LFL值越大,燃烧性越低。结果见表3。
表3组合物的燃烧性比较
Claims (4)
- 一种氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物,其特征在于,按重量份数其组成为:2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯70~80份,反式-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯10~20份,1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷5~10份,二氟甲烷2~5份。
- 根据权利要求1所述的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物,其特征在于,还包括润滑剂,所述润滑剂选自矿物油、硅油、多元醇酯、聚烷二醇、多烷基苯中的一种或两种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物全球变暖潜能值不大于150。
- 根据权利要求1所述的氟代烯烃和氟代烷烃的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述组分按其重量百分比在液相状态下进行物理混合,得到所述的组合物。
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CN110699042A (zh) | 2020-01-17 |
JP2022519506A (ja) | 2022-03-24 |
CN110699042B (zh) | 2021-04-27 |
EP4039768A4 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
EP4039768A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
US20220154056A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
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