WO2021061010A2

WO2021061010A2 - Physicochemical reactor with a vortex layer

Info

Publication number: WO2021061010A2
Application number: PCT/RU2020/000617
Authority: WO
Inventors: Аркадий Владимирович ВЛАДИМИРЦЕВ; Анатолий Николаевич СНЕЖИН; Андрей Евгеньевич ТЕРЕНТЬЕВ
Original assignee: Аркадий Владимирович ВЛАДИМИРЦЕВ; Анатолий Николаевич СНЕЖИН
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2020-11-19
Publication date: 2021-04-01
Also published as: WO2021061010A3

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for activation of material and fluid processing in a vortex layer of ferromagnetic particles for use in power engineering, in oil and gas, in the metallurgical and chemical industries, in agricultural and municipal facilities, in environmental protection and in other industries, and can also be used for treating various fluids and, in particular, for industrial and municipal wastewater treatment. A physicochemical reactor (PCR) with a vortex layer comprises an inductor (1) of a rotating electromagnetic field, a tubular reaction chamber installed inside an annular space thereof and configured as a removable cartridge (3) made of a non-magnetic material, said reaction chamber containing a discrete working body in the form of ferromagnetic particles (5) which are retained inside by means of end grids. In the utility model, the cartridge is arranged inside the inductor space with an air gap. The proposed utility model makes it possible to increase PCR durability and operational reliability and to reduce operational costs.

Description

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REACTOR WITH VORTEX LAYER

TECHNICAL FIELD OF USEFUL MODEL

The utility model relates to devices for processing materials, in particular to a physicochemical reactor (hereinafter referred to as FHR) with a vortex layer, which can be used in the fields of energy, oil and gas production, metallurgy, chemical industry, agriculture and urban economy, environmental protection and others. areas of industry for the activation of material processing processes, as well as for the treatment of various liquid media and, in particular, for the treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

Almost all known devices with a vortex layer and their modifications consist of an external ring inductor that generates a rotating electromagnetic field (hereinafter EMF), into the cavity of which a pipe made of non-magnetic material is inserted, in the inner region of which, which is a working area with increased values of EMF induction, there is a discrete working fluid in the form of a plurality of ferromagnetic particles, which is an analogue of a solid working fluid, such as, for example, an induction motor rotor or a solid core. The impact of a rotating EMF on ferromagnetic particles causes an intense rotational and translational motion of these particles, forming the so-called "vortex layer", the interaction with which significantly affects the medium being processed, passed through the pipe. Under the influence of EMF and a vortex layer, many physicochemical processes are manifested in FHR, while all known processes are accelerated many times. In particular, in the medium being treated, the phenomena of magnetostriction and cavitation are manifested, acoustic waves appear, electrolysis occurs, the processes of mixing, stirring and grinding are intensified, and as a result, chemical reactions are accelerated, etc.

A vortex electromagnetic layer reactor known from RU 2669274 [1] is considered as a prototype of the proposed utility model. The known reactor contains a working area connected to a pump with a working fluid in the form of ferromagnetic needles inside and an external electromagnetic inductor and is made in the form of a removable cartridge made of non-magnetic metal or polymer material. In the central part of the cartridge, a fluid supply pipe is installed, connected to perforated grids installed at the ends of the working area. The cartridge body is made in the form of a pipe, on one of the ends of which a cover is installed, and the second end is connected to a branch pipe with a wedge device located coaxially with respect to the central pipe. The reactor is equipped with a docking unit connected to the cartridge by a wedge gate and to the central branch pipe of the cartridge connected to the pump, and is equipped with a branch pipe for discharging the treated liquid.

However, numerous impacts of ferromagnetic particles against each other and against the walls of the cartridge during reactor operation lead to their rapid abrasion and destruction of the walls of the cartridge, which requires frequent periodic replacement of the cartridge together with the ferromagnetic particles. In this case, the propagation of shock and vibration effects on the reactor vessel and further on to the poles and windings of the inductor leads to their premature wear and damage, significantly reducing the service life of the inductor and the device as a whole.

In addition, various fluids during their physicochemical treatment in FHR are usually supplied to the working zone in a wide range of temperatures - from extremely low to extremely high. At the same time, since the cylindrical non-magnetic tube of the cartridge, in which the working zone is located, is practically adjacent in [1] to the walls of the inner cavity of the inductor, the inductor also experiences direct temperature effects from the processed medium, which lead to damage, first of all, to its windings. and fail them.

In addition, the medium to be processed through the supply pipe hits the cartridge lid and changes the direction of flow to the opposite, flowing around the supply pipe from the outside and passing through the working area of the cartridge in the opposite direction. Therefore, when starting the liquid supply pump, there is a risk of water hammer with the destruction of the installation, and the rotation of the liquid flow in the opposite direction due to the impact of the liquid in the cartridge cover significantly increases the hydrodynamic resistance to the flow and increases the load on the pump and, accordingly, energy consumption, which leads to rapid wear of the pump or to the need to use a pump of increased power with high energy consumption. In addition, the design of the cartridge in [1] is relatively complex and expensive, since it includes an outer pipe, an inner supply pipe, a cover with a fastener and an air valve, ferromagnetic particles, end grids with attachments to the outer pipe and to the supply pipe, and a docking knot with fastening. Frequent replacement of such a cartridge leads to significant material costs.

Thus, the problem of increasing the durability and reliability of the FHR as a whole and reducing its operating costs is urgent.

The indicated disadvantages of the prototype [1] are proposed to be eliminated using FHR according to the proposed utility model.

DISCLOSURE OF THE USEFUL MODEL

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the durability and reliability of the FHR, as well as to reduce operating costs.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a FHR with a vortex layer containing a rotating electromagnetic field inductor, in the annular cavity of which there is a tubular reaction chamber with a discrete working fluid in the form of ferromagnetic particles, made in the form of a removable cartridge made of non-magnetic material, and the cartridge is located in the cavity an inductor with an annular air gap.

To ensure the maximum efficiency of the FHR operation, it is desirable to ensure the minimum clearance between the reaction chamber and the inductor, i.e. between the outer surface of the reaction chamber and the inner surface (walls) of the inductor cavity, but sufficient to compensate for the possible thermal expansion of the chamber and the amplitude of its mechanical vibrations to prevent the transfer of shock-vibration and thermal effects from the reaction chamber body to the inductor body during FHR operation. In one embodiment, the gap has a substantially annular shape, and the size of the specified annular gap is not less than 2 mm.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the cartridge is less than the diameter of the annular cavity of the inductor by an amount substantially equal to twice the required clearance. In one embodiment, the ends of the cartridge are made with the possibility of being connected by quick disconnect pipe connections to the flow pipe of the fluid to be processed. Quick disconnect couplings also make it possible, if necessary, to promptly replace the entire cartridge. In this case, the presence of an air annular gap facilitates the mechanical process of replacing the cartridge.

A replaceable cartridge, preferably made of a wear-resistant material, and in case of wear of its inner surface and / or abrasion of ferromagnetic particles can be completely promptly replaced with a new one, which increases the reliability of the FHR and simplifies its operation. In addition, the use of a replaceable cartridge allows the use of ferromagnetic particles of various sizes in the processing of various media.

In addition, passing through the FHR according to the present invention, the flow of the processed liquid with the proposed design of the cartridge does not change the direction of movement and does not require additional pump power to pump the processed fluid. In addition, the simplicity of the design of the cartridge, consisting only of a pipe, end grids, ferromagnetic particles and quick couplings, significantly reduces its cost and, accordingly, operating costs during periodic replacement of the cartridge.

The proposed utility model makes it possible to increase the durability and reliability of the FHR and reduce operating costs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a general diagram in a longitudinal section of the proposed FHR, where 1 - inductor, 2 - inductor housing, 3 - inductor reaction chamber (replaceable cartridge), 4 - air gap, 5 - ferromagnetic particles, 6 - end grids, 7 - quick disconnect pipe connections, 8 - flow pipe.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE USEFUL MODEL

Physicochemical reactor with a vortex layer (Fig. 1) contains an annular inductor 1 of a rotating EMF with windings and a housing 2 and a tubular reaction chamber made in the form of a replaceable cartridge 3 made of non-magnetic material filled with ferromagnetic particles, preferably made in the form of elongated cylindrical rods. The replaceable cartridge 3 is installed in a substantially cylindrical cavity of the axial channel of the annular inductor 1, providing an air annular gap 4 that is substantially uniform in the longitudinal direction of the cartridge between the outer surface of the tubular wall of the cartridge 3 and the inner surface of the axial channel of the inductor 1 to ensure its free removal and insertion of a new cartridge when replacing, as well as to exclude the transmission of shock effects from the walls of the cartridge to the inductor body. The cartridge 3 contains a discrete working fluid in the form of a plurality of ferromagnetic particles 5, held inside the cartridge 3 by end grids 6. The discrete working fluid in the form of a plurality of ferromagnetic particles 5 essentially performs in the FHR the function of a working medium or a working body, in particular a stirring or grinding / grinding element , and is an integral part of the FHR.

At the same time, when the cartridge 3 is installed in the cavity of the inductor 1, the zone of the cartridge, bounded by its inner walls and grids 6, forms a direct-flow working zone of the reaction chamber, which is located in the working zone of the inductor 1, i.e. in the cavity of its axial channel, covered by its windings.

Preferably, the size of the air annular gap 4 is at least 2 mm. The specified minimum size of the gap between the reaction chamber and the inductor, on the one hand, ensures the maximum efficiency of the FHR operation due to the fact that the magnitude of the magnetic induction reaches its maximum values near the walls of the inductor cavity, and on the other hand, it is sufficient to compensate for the possible temperature expansion of the reaction chamber and the amplitude of its mechanical vibrations to prevent the transfer of shock-vibration and thermal effects from the reaction chamber body to the inductor body during FHR operation.

To provide the required clearance between the reaction chamber and the walls of the inductor 1 cavity, the outer diameter of the cartridge is made smaller than the inductor cavity diameter by an amount substantially equal to twice the required clearance. In this case, the outer surface of the cartridge 3 and the inner surface of the cavity of the inductor 1 have a substantially similar shape.

The gap between the reaction chamber of the cartridge 3 and the inductor 1 can be provided, for example, by installing between the outer surface of the reaction chamber and the inner surface (walls) of the cavity of the inductor 1 spacers, made, for example, in the form of sealing or damping rings, or by means of screw adjusters of the spatial relative position of the reaction chamber and the inductor. For this, in particular, the diameter of the outer surface of the reaction chamber is made less than the inner diameter of the cavity of the inductor 1 by twice the size of the gap.

The replaceable cartridge 3 is preferably made of a non-magnetic wear-resistant material.

FHR works as follows. Inductor 1, connected to an alternating current network, creates a rotating EMF in the working area between its poles.

The processed fluid flowing through the flow pipe 8 into the working area of the cartridge 3 passes through the end grids 6 located on the end sides of the replaceable cartridge 3 within the working area of the inductor 1. The effect of the rotating EMF on the ferromagnetic particles 5 located in the reaction chamber of the cartridge 3, leads them to intensive rotation and translational circular motion, thereby forming a vortex layer of ferromagnetic particles, which creates turbulence in the treated medium. In addition, magnetostriction and electric polarization occur in elongated ferromagnetic particles, the combined action of which causes cavitation in the treated medium, propagation of acoustic waves and electrolysis. All this, in turn, leads to grinding of solid particles and impurities in the treated medium, intensive mixing and stirring, intensification of chemical reactions, coagulation, flocculation, which, in particular, promotes salt formation and aggregation of impurities and facilitates their subsequent separation from the liquid. Due to the design of the reaction chamber in the form of a replaceable cartridge 3 containing ferromagnetic particles 5, held inside the cartridge by means of end grids 6, as the inner surface of the cartridge and / or ferromagnetic particles wears out, the cartridge 3 can be quickly replaced with a new one.

In addition, the use of a replaceable cartridge makes it possible to use in FHR cartridges with ferromagnetic particles of various sizes for processing various media.

To ensure prompt replacement of the cartridge 3 in case of wear of its walls or the ferromagnetic particles contained in it, as well as if it is necessary to replace the type of used ferromagnetic particles, the ends of the cartridge 3 are equipped with quick-disconnect pipe connections 7 for their quick connection with the flow pipe 8 the processed fluid, as well as quick disconnection of the cartridge 3 from the flow pipe 8.

During operation of the FHR through the inlet flow pipe 8 shown in FIG. 1 on the left, the fluid to be treated, for example contaminated waste fluid, flows under pressure from a supply pump (not shown) in the direction of flow shown in FIG. 1 with an arrow, for processing into the FHR reaction chamber, made in the form of a replaceable cartridge 3, and after processing it in the reaction chamber, it is diverted into the outlet flow pipe 8 shown in FIG. 1 on the right, for further filtering, processing, etc. To replace a worn-out cartridge 3 (after shutting off the pump, FHR and draining the fluid), the quick-release couplings 7 of the flow pipe 8 and the cartridge are opened to disconnect both ends of the cartridge 3 from the flow pipe 8, the flow pipe 8 is removed to the side relative to the axis of the cartridge 3 by turning its knee (not shown in the drawing) to ensure the removal of the cartridge 3 from the cavity of the channel of the inductor 1. After that, the old cartridge 3, due to the presence of an air annular gap, is freely removed from the cavity of the inductor, and a new cartridge 3, complete with ferromagnetic particles loaded into it, is installed in its place held in the cartridge by end grids 6. The flow pipe 8 is returned to its place and connected to the ends of the new cartridge 3 by means of quick-release couplings 7.

Claims

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA

1. Physicochemical reactor with a vortex layer, containing an inductor of a rotating electromagnetic field, in the annular cavity of which a tubular reaction chamber with a discrete working fluid in the form of ferromagnetic particles held inside by end grids is installed, made in the form of a removable cartridge made of non-magnetic material, characterized in that, that the cartridge is located in the cavity of the inductor with an air gap.

2. A physicochemical reactor according to claim 1, wherein the gap is substantially annular and the annular gap is at least 2 mm.

3. Physicochemical reactor according to claim. 1, in which the outer diameter of the cartridge is made less than the diameter of the annular cavity of the inductor by an amount substantially equal to twice the size of the gap.

4. Physicochemical reactor according to one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the ends of the cartridge are made with the possibility of connecting them with quick disconnect pipe connections with the flow pipe of the processed fluid.

5. Physicochemical reactor according to one of paragraphs. 1-4, in which the replacement cartridge is made of wear-resistant material.