WO2021057430A1 - 按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法 - Google Patents

按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057430A1
WO2021057430A1 PCT/CN2020/113323 CN2020113323W WO2021057430A1 WO 2021057430 A1 WO2021057430 A1 WO 2021057430A1 CN 2020113323 W CN2020113323 W CN 2020113323W WO 2021057430 A1 WO2021057430 A1 WO 2021057430A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
self
button
electronic device
insulating base
capacitance
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PCT/CN2020/113323
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
易小军
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2021057430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057430A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/975—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using a capacitive movable element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K2217/9651—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch the moving element acting on a force, e.g. pressure sensitive element

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication devices, and in particular to a button, an electronic device, and a control method of the electronic device.
  • buttons In order to facilitate the control of electronic devices, electronic devices usually include buttons. At present, most of the buttons of electronic devices realize function triggering after being pressed, such as tuning buttons and lock screen buttons.
  • the button usually includes a circuit board and a touch switch arranged on the circuit board. Because of the advantages of small contact resistance, small operating error, and diversified specifications, the light touch switch is widely used in the keys of electronic devices.
  • the tact switch 10 is connected to a circuit board 30 through a pad 20.
  • the circuit board 30 includes an insulating layer and a circuit layer arranged on both sides of the insulating layer.
  • the user presses the button, and the pressing of the button will cause the metal shrapnel 101 on the tact switch 10 to deform, and then contact the solder tab 102 of the tact switch 10, and finally the tact switch 10 is turned on.
  • the change of the touch switch 10 from the off state to the on state can substantially change the resistance between the two circuit layers of the circuit board 30, and the change signal generated by the resistance change process is used as a control signal, which can then make
  • the circuit board 30 responds to the function represented by the trigger key operation.
  • the tact switch 10 needs to be stacked on the circuit board 30, which will result in a larger overall thickness of the circuit board assembly formed by the circuit board 30 and the tact switch 10. Moreover, since the tact switch 10 needs to be deformed to work, it is necessary to perform hole processing on the panel of the electronic device.
  • the hole is usually provided with a button cap.
  • the button cap is arranged on the metal shrapnel 101, and the button cap is Pressing will cause the metal shrapnel 101 to deform. Opening holes on the panel of the electronic device will form a liquid inlet channel, and the tact switch 10 itself does not have waterproof performance. Therefore, the current electronic device has a higher risk of failure after liquid inlet.
  • the hole-opening treatment will destroy the appearance of the panel and affect the appearance performance of the whole electronic device.
  • the current keys are easy to be triggered by mistake. For example, the keys will also be triggered when they touch a hard object. It can be seen that the current buttons have a high false trigger rate.
  • the present disclosure discloses a button, an electronic device, and a control method of the electronic device, so as to solve the problem that the buttons of the current electronic device have a large thickness and are prone to false triggering.
  • the present disclosure provides a button applied to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a panel, the button is connected to the inner surface of the panel, and the button includes an insulating base, a circuit layer, a piezoresistive effect structure, and A self-capacitance plate, the circuit layer and the self-capacitance plate are respectively connected on opposite sides of the insulating base, the circuit layer is provided with an opening, and the insulating base covers one end of the opening On the port, the insulating base and the inner wall of the opening enclose a receiving groove, the port at the other end of the opening is a notch of the receiving groove, and the piezoresistive effect structure is arranged in the receiving In the groove and electrically connected to the circuit layer.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a panel and the above-mentioned keys, and the keys are connected to the inner surface of the panel.
  • the present disclosure also provides a control method of an electronic device, the electronic device is the above-mentioned electronic device, and the control method includes:
  • the resistance change value is greater than a second preset value
  • the resistance change value is converted into a touch signal corresponding to the button.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device including a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction that is stored on the memory and can run on the processor.
  • a program or instruction that is stored on the memory and can run on the processor.
  • the present disclosure also provides a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method as described above are realized.
  • the button provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a self-capacitance plate, and the increase of its capacitance value can be used to determine that the button is in a state of being touched by a living body.
  • the touch signal can be generated according to the resistance change of the piezoresistive effect structure, and finally realized The function of the button.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure is arranged in the receiving groove formed by the insulating base and the circuit layer. Compared with the current light touch switch stacked on the circuit board, the thickness of the button disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is undoubtedly smaller.
  • the keys provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include self-capacitance plates, so only a living body touch panel can increase the capacitance value of the self-capacitance plates, which is a prerequisite for realizing the key function. That is to say, the key provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is not triggered when pressed by a non-living body, and therefore has a live body detection function, which avoids reducing the probability of false triggering of the key.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a key disclosed in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a button provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a button provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of the comparison before and after the keys provided by the embodiments of the disclosure are pressed.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a key.
  • the disclosed key is applied to an electronic device.
  • the related electronic device includes a panel 500, and the key can be connected to the inner surface of the panel 500.
  • the button can be adhered to the inner surface of the panel 500 through the adhesive layer 800.
  • the key disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an insulating base 100, a circuit layer 200, a piezoresistive effect structure member 300, and a self-capacitance electrode plate 400.
  • the self-capacitance plate 400 is included in a self-capacitance circuit.
  • a living body such as a finger
  • the capacitance value of the self-capacitance plate 400 increases to form a detection signal. This process can realize the detection of the living body.
  • the capacitance value of the self-capacitance plate 400 is greater than the first preset value, it may be determined that the button is in a state of being touched by a living body.
  • the self-capacitance plate 400 may be a metal layer, such as a copper layer.
  • the circuit layer 200 and the self-capacitance electrode plate 400 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the insulating base 100, and the insulating base 100 functions as an insulation and isolation.
  • the insulating base 100 is generally made of a conventional hard board material (PP) or a soft board material (for example, a polyimide material).
  • PP hard board material
  • soft board material for example, a polyimide material.
  • the circuit layer 200 and the self-capacitance electrode plate 400 may be fixed on the insulating base 100 by bonding.
  • the circuit layer 200 may generally be a metal layer, such as a copper layer.
  • the circuit layer 200 is provided with openings, and the openings are through holes.
  • the insulating base 100 covers the port at one end of the opening, and the insulating base 100 and the inner wall of the opening form a receiving groove.
  • the port at the other end of the opening is the notch of the receiving groove.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure member 300 is disposed in the containing groove and is electrically connected to the circuit layer 200.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure 300 is made of a piezoresistive material, and the piezoresistive material can be polysilicon, amorphous silicon, silicon carbide, polysilicon, or other materials.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure 300 deforms under pressure, which in turn causes the resistance value to change.
  • the resistance change value of the piezoresistance effect structure 300 is greater than the second preset value, the resistance change value can be converted into a button corresponding
  • the touch signal finally makes the electronic device respond to the touch signal, and then realize the function corresponding to the button, and finally achieve the purpose of button manipulation.
  • the process of converting the resistance change value into the touch signal corresponding to the button and performing the function of the button by the touch signal is a well-known technology.
  • Those skilled in the art can design the piezoresistive effect structure 300 so that it can generate a touch signal that triggers the button function when it is subjected to a preset pressure value.
  • the accommodating groove is formed by matching the circuit layer 200 and the insulating base 100, and the touch signal converted into the resistance change value of the piezoresistive structure 300 will be transmitted by the circuit layer 200 and finally be responded by the control unit of the electronic device.
  • the key disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure is an improvement on the key of the existing structure.
  • the disclosed key includes a self-capacitance plate 400.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure member 300 is arranged in the receiving groove formed by the insulating base 100 and the circuit layer 200. Compared with the current light touch switch stacked on the circuit board, the thickness of the button disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is undoubtedly smaller.
  • the button disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a self-capacitance plate 400, and only a living body touches the panel 500 to increase the capacitance value of the self-capacitance plate 400, which can be used as a prerequisite for the function of the button.
  • the keys disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not triggered when pressed by a non-living body, and therefore have a living body detection function, which avoids reducing the probability of a key being triggered by mistake.
  • the entire key When the key is pressed, the entire key will be deformed, so that the piezoresistive effect structure 300 will also be deformed. That is to say, no matter the piezoresistive effect structure 300 is arranged on the side of the insulating base 100 facing the panel 500, It is still arranged on the side of the insulating base 100 away from the panel 500, and the influence on its deformation is almost indistinguishable.
  • the self-capacitance plate 400 may be arranged on the side of the insulating base 100 facing the panel 500, so that the self-capacitance plate 400 and The distance of the panel 500 is small, which ultimately helps to improve the living body detection effect of the self-capacitance plate 400.
  • the insulating base 100 plays the role of insulating isolation and support. During the process of pressing the key, the panel 500, the self-capacitance plate 400, the insulating base 100 and the piezoresistive structure 300 are deformed in sequence, in order to make The deformation is more significant.
  • the insulating base 100 may be provided with a first cavity 110.
  • the first cavity 110 makes the insulating base 100 a hollow structure, which is more conducive to the deformation of the insulating base 100, thereby making the piezoresistive effect structure 300 more obvious Therefore, it is easier to change the resistance value of the piezoresistive effect structure 300.
  • the first cavity 110 has a first top wall 111 and a first bottom wall 112 that are relatively distributed, and the first top wall 111 is placed between the first bottom wall 112 and the self-capacitance electrode plate 400.
  • the distance between the first top wall 111 and the self-capacitance plate 400 is relatively small, and the distance between the first bottom wall 112 and the self-capacitance plate 400 is relatively large.
  • the part of the insulating base 100 between the first top wall 111 and the self-capacitance plate 400 is the top, and the part of the insulating base 100 between the first bottom wall and the piezoresistive effect structure 300 is the bottom, and the thickness of the top may be greater than the bottom.
  • the piezoresistive effect structure 300 When the button is pressed, the deformation of the top is smaller than the deformation of the bottom, and finally the piezoresistive effect structure 300 is deformed into a trapezoidal structure after being pressed, and the bottom deformation is larger, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 As shown, it is advantageous for the resistance value of the piezoresistive effect structure member 300 to have a larger change, which is advantageous for improving the sensitivity of the key.
  • the deformation of the top part is not limited to the size relationship between the thickness of the top part and the thickness of the bottom part.
  • the hardness of the top part may be greater than that of the bottom part.
  • the deformation of the bottom part can also be made greater than the deformation of the top part.
  • the projection of the first cavity 110 is located within the projection of the piezoresistive structure member 300, so as to ensure that the insulating base 100 has a larger deformation. Therefore, the overall strength of the first cavity 110 is not too small due to the large volume of the first cavity 110, and the supporting function of the insulating base 100 will not be affected.
  • the key disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a shielding layer 600, the shielding layer 600 is provided between the self-capacitance plate 400 and the insulating base 100, and the shielding layer 600 can prevent the self-capacitance plate 400 from interacting with each other. Electromagnetic interference between the piezoresistive structure 300.
  • the shielding layer 600 may generally also be a metal layer. Based on this, an insulating isolation layer 700 may be provided between the shielding layer 600 and the self-capacitance electrode plate 400, and the insulating isolation layer 700 can play a role of insulation.
  • the material of the insulating isolation layer 700 may be the same as the material of the insulating base 100.
  • the insulating base 100 may be provided with a groove 120, and the insulating isolation layer 700 covers the notch of the groove 120 and is connected to the groove 120.
  • a second cavity 130 is formed.
  • the second cavity 130 is similar to the first cavity 110, and can also form a hollow structure between the piezoresistive effect structure 300 and the self-capacitance plate 400, which is conducive to the piezoresistance when the button is pressed.
  • the effect structure 300 produces a relatively significant deformation, thereby improving the sensitivity of the key.
  • an insulating isolation layer 700 is provided between the shielding layer 600 and the self-capacitance plate 400, it can be considered that the shielding layer 600 covers the notch of the groove 120, thereby forming the second cavity 130.
  • the thickness of the shielding layer 600 is small, and the influence on deformation is small.
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove 120 and the piezoresistive effect structure 300 may be less than the thickness of the insulating isolation layer 700. In this case, when the button is pressed Bottom, the bottom surface of the groove 120 will be greatly deformed, so that the deformation of the piezoresistive effect structure 300 can be more significant, which is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of the key.
  • the hardness of the part of the insulating base 100 between the bottom surface of the groove 120 and the piezoresistive effect structure 300 may be less than the hardness of the insulating isolation layer 700. In this case, when the key is pressed, the bottom surface of the groove 120 will be greatly deformed, which is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of the key.
  • the projection of the second cavity 130 may be located within the projection of the piezoresistive structure member 300.
  • the projection of the piezoresistive effect structure 500 in the projection perpendicular to the direction of the circuit layer 200, can be located in the projection of the self-capacitance plate 400.
  • This structure can ensure that only the pressing is performed during the pressing process. Only on the self-capacitance plate 400 can the deformation of the piezoresistive effect structure 300 be triggered. Obviously, this structure can better ensure that the live detection of the self-capacitance plate 400 is taken as a prerequisite during the key triggering process.
  • the self-capacitance plate 400 can be a whole plate, or it can include at least two capacitor plates 410 spaced apart, which will not affect the live detection of the self-capacitance plate 400 in any way.
  • the self-capacitance plate 400 includes at least two capacitor plates 410 spaced apart, the user can slide with a certain pressing force, so as to realize the touch of the keys.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure disclose an electronic device.
  • the disclosed electronic device includes a panel 500 and the keys described in the above embodiments, and the keys are connected to the inner surface of the panel 500.
  • the keys can be pasted on the inner surface of the panel 500.
  • the panel 500 may be a battery cover or a transparent cover plate of a display module.
  • the electronic devices disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be devices such as mobile phones, computers, e-book readers, smart watches, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific types of electronic devices.
  • the electronic device may include a housing, and the housing may include a panel 500.
  • the electronic device may include a display module, and the display module usually includes a transparent cover.
  • the transparent cover may also be the panel 500 described above.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure discloses a control method of the electronic device, and the disclosed control method includes:
  • the capacitance value of the self-capacitance plate 400 is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that the button is in a state of being touched by a living body;
  • the resistance change value is greater than a second preset value
  • the resistance change value is converted into a touch signal corresponding to the button.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure disclose an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the program or instruction is executed when the processor is executed.
  • the steps of the disclosed control method including a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the program or instruction is executed when the processor is executed. The steps of the disclosed control method.
  • the processor may include a central processing unit (CPU), or a specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more of the embodiments of the present application integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the memory may include a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, and a flash memory device. , Electrical, optical or other physical/tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, generally, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or Multiple processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the information display method according to the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure discloses a readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method of the present disclosure are realized.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

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Abstract

本公开公开一种按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法。该按键应用于电子设备，电子设备包括面板(500)，按键连接在面板(500)的内侧表面，按键包括绝缘基部(100)、线路层(200)、压阻效应结构件(300)和自电容极板(400)，线路层(200)和自电容极板(400)分别连接在绝缘基部(100)相背的两侧，线路层(200)开设有开孔，绝缘基部(100)覆盖在开孔的一端的端口上，绝缘基部(100)与开孔的内壁围成容纳槽，开孔的另一端的端口为容纳槽的槽口，压阻效应结构件(300)设置在容纳槽中、且与线路层(200)电连接。

Description

按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2019年9月27日在中国提交的中国专利申请号201910926732.6的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法。
背景技术
为了方便对电子设备的操控，电子设备通常包含有按键，目前大多数电子设备的按键在受压后实现功能触发，例如调音按键、锁屏按键等。按键通常包括电路板和布设在电路板上的轻触开关。轻触开关由于具有接触电阻较小、较小的操作误差、规格多样化等优势，广泛地应用在电子设备的按键中。
如图1所示，一种典型的按键的电路板组件结构中，轻触开关10通过焊盘20连接在电路板30上，电路板30包括绝缘层和布设在绝缘层两侧的线路层。在工作的过程中，用户按压按键，按键被按压会导致轻触开关10上的金属弹片101发生变形，进而接触轻触开关10的焊片102，最终使得轻触开关10处于导通状态。此过程中，轻触开关10由断开状态到导通状态之间的变化实质可以改变电路板30的两层线路层之间的电阻，电阻变化过程产生的变化信号作为控制信号，进而能使得电路板30响应触发按键操作所代表的功能。
通过图1所示的结构可知，轻触开关10需要叠置在电路板30上，这会导致电路板30与轻触开关10形成的电路板组件整体厚度较大。而且，由于轻触开关10需要较大的变形才能进行工作，因此需要在电子设备的 面板上进行开孔处理，开孔中通常设置按键帽，按键帽被配置在金属弹片101上，按键帽被按压则会使得金属弹片101发生形变。在电子设备的面板上开孔会形成进液通道，而且轻触开关10本身不具备防水性能，因此目前的电子设备存在较高的进液后失效的风险。而且开孔处理会破坏面板的外观，影响电子设备的整机外观性能。另外，目前的按键存在容易误触发的问题，例如，按键触碰到硬物时也会被触发。可见，目前的按键存在误触发率较高的问题。
发明内容
本公开公开一种按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法，以解决目前的电子设备的按键厚度较大以及容易出现误触发的问题。
为此，本公开提供一种按键，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括面板，所述按键连接在所述面板的内侧表面，所述按键包括绝缘基部、线路层、压阻效应结构件和自电容极板，所述线路层和所述自电容极板分别连接在所述绝缘基部相背的两侧，所述线路层开设有开孔，所述绝缘基部覆盖在所述开孔的一端的端口上，所述绝缘基部与所述开孔的内壁围成容纳槽，所述开孔的另一端的端口为所述容纳槽的槽口，所述压阻效应结构件设置在所述容纳槽中、且与所述线路层电连接。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，包括面板和上文所述的按键，所述按键连接在所述面板的内侧表面。
本公开还提供一种电子设备的控制方法，所述电子设备为上文所述的电子设备，所述的控制方法包括：
检测所述自电容极板的电容值；
当所述自电容极板的电容值大于第一预设值时，则确定所述按键处于被活体触控状态；
检测压阻效应结构件的电阻变化值；
当所述电阻变化值大于第二预设值时，将所述电阻变化值转换成所述按键相应的触控信号。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储 器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如上文所述的控制方法的步骤。
本公开还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如上文所述的控制方法的步骤。
本公开实施例提供的按键包括自电容极板，其电容值的增大可用于确定按键处于被活体触控状态，此时可再根据压阻效应结构件的电阻变化生成触控信号，最终实现按键的功能。压阻效应结构件设置在绝缘基部与线路层形成的容纳槽中，相比于目前轻触开关叠置在电路板上而言，本公开实施例公开的按键的厚度无疑更小。
此外，本公开实施例提供的按键包含有自电容极板，因此只有活体触摸面板才能使得自电容极板的电容值增大，进而作为实现按键功能的先决条件。也就是说，本公开实施例提供的按键非活体按压不触发，因此具备活体检测功能，避免能够降低按键被误触发的概率。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本公开的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为相关技术公开的按键的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的按键的一个实施例的结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的按键的另一个实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的电子设备的实施例的部分结构示意图；
图5和图6为本公开实施例提供的按键在按压前后的对比示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-绝缘基部、110-第一空腔、111-第一顶壁、112-第一底壁、120-凹槽、130-第二空腔、
200-线路层、
300-压阻效应结构件、
400-自电容极板、410-电容子极板、
500-面板、
600-屏蔽层、
700-绝缘隔离层、
800-胶层。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开具体实施例及相应的附图对本公开技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本公开各个实施例公开的技术方案。
请参考图2-图6，本公开实施例公开一种按键，所公开的按键应用于电子设备，所涉及的电子设备包括面板500，按键可以连接在面板500的内侧表面。具体的，按键可以通过胶层800粘接在面板500的内侧表面。
本公开实施例公开的按键包括绝缘基部100、线路层200、压阻效应结构件300和自电容极板400。
自电容极板400包含于自电容电路，在活体(例如手指)触碰或靠近面板500时，自电容极板400的电容值会增大，从而形成检测信号，此过程能够实现活体的检测。在本公开实施例中，可以当自电容极板400的电容值大于第一预设值时，则确定按键处于被活体触控状态。自电容极板400检测活体的原理及过程均为公知技术，在此不再赘述。在本公开实施例中，自电容极板400可以为金属层，例如铜层。
在本公开实施例中，线路层200和自电容极板400分别连接在绝缘基部100相背的两侧，绝缘基部100起到绝缘隔离的作用。绝缘基部100通常由常规的硬板材料(PP)或软板材料(例如聚酰亚胺材料)制成。具体的，线路层200和自电容极板400可以通过粘接的方式固定在绝缘基部100上。
线路层200通常可以为金属层，例如铜层，在本公开实施例中，线路 层200开设有开孔，开孔为通孔。
绝缘基部100覆盖在开孔的一端的端口，绝缘基部100与开孔的内壁围成容纳槽。开孔的另一端的端口为容纳槽的槽口。
压阻效应结构件300设置在容纳槽内、且与线路层200电连接。压阻效应结构件300采用压阻材料制成，压阻材料可以为多晶硅、非晶硅、碳化硅、多晶硅等材料。压阻效应结构件300在受到压力的情况下发生形变，进而导致电阻值发生变化，在压阻效应结构件300的电阻变化值大于第二预设值时，可以将电阻变化值转换成按键相应的触控信号，最终使得电子设备响应该触控信号，进而实现与按键相应的功能，最终达到按键操控的目的。由电阻变化值转换成按键相应的触控信号，并由触控信号发挥按键功能这一过程为公知技术。本领域技术人员可以对压阻效应结构件300实施设计，使其受到预设压力值时才能产生触发按键功能的触控信号。
如上文所述，容纳槽通过线路层200与绝缘基部100配合形成，压阻效应结构件300的电阻变化值转换成的触控信号会被线路层200传输，最终被电子设备的控制单元响应。
本公开实施例公开的按键对现有结构的按键进行了改进，所公开的按键包括自电容极板400，在自电容极板400的电容值增大时，则说明按键处于被活体触控状态，再根据压阻效应结构件300的电阻变化值转换成触控信号，最终发挥按键的功能。压阻效应结构件300设置在绝缘基部100与线路层200形成的容纳槽中，相比于目前轻触开关叠置在电路板上而言，本公开实施例公开的按键的厚度无疑更小。
与此同时，本公开实施例公开的按键包含有自电容极板400，只有活体接触面板500才能使得自电容极板400的电容值增大，进而可以作为发挥按键功能的先决条件。也就是说，本公开实施例公开的按键非活体按压不触发，因此具备活体检测功能，避免能够降低按键被误触发的概率。
在按键受到按压的情况下，整个按键会发生变形，进而使得压阻效应结构件300也会产生形变，也就是说，无论压阻效应结构件300设置在绝缘基部100朝向面板500的一侧，还是设置在绝缘基部100背离面板500 的一侧，均对其变形的影响几乎无差别。基于此，为了使得自电容极板400更好地感应活体，在进一步可选的方案中，自电容极板400可以设置在绝缘基部100朝向面板500的一侧，从而使得自电容极板400与面板500的距离较小，最终有利于提高自电容极板400的活体检测效果。
如上文所述，绝缘基部100起到绝缘隔离以及支撑的作用，在按键被按压的过程中，面板500、自电容极板400、绝缘基部100和压阻效应结构件300依次产生变形，为了使得变形更加显著，绝缘基部100可以设置有第一空腔110，第一空腔110使得绝缘基部100为空心结构，从而更有利于绝缘基部100发生变形，进而使得压阻效应结构件300产生更明显的变形，从而更容易使得压阻效应结构件300的电阻值发生变化。
在本公开实施例中，第一空腔110具有相对分布的第一顶壁111和第一底壁112，第一顶壁111置于第一底壁112与自电容极板400之间，也就是说，第一顶壁111与自电容极板400的距离较小，第一底壁112与自电容极板400的距离较大。绝缘基部100位于第一顶壁111与自电容极板400之间的部分为顶部，绝缘基部100位于第一底壁与压阻效应结构件300之间的部分为底部，顶部的厚度可以大于底部的厚度，从而使得在按键受到按压的情况下顶部的变形小于底部的变形，最终使得压阻效应结构件300在按压后变形成类似于梯形结构件，底部变形较大，如图5和图6所示，从而有利于压阻效应结构件300的电阻值产生较大的变化，有利于提高按键的灵敏度。
当然，为了使得顶部的变形小于底部的变形，不局限于顶部的厚度与底部的厚度之间的大小关系。具体的，顶部的硬度可以大于底部的硬度，此种情况下，同样能够使得底部的变形大于顶部的变形。
在进一步可选的方案中，在垂直于线路层200的方向上，第一空腔110的投影位于压阻效应结构件300的投影之内，从而能够确保绝缘基部100具有较大的变形的前提下，不至于由于第一空腔110的体积过大而导致的整体强度过小的问题，也就不会影响绝缘基部100的支撑功能。
在进一步可选的方案中，本公开实施例公开的按键还可以包括屏蔽层600，屏蔽层600设置在自电容极板400与绝缘基部100之间，屏蔽层600 能够避免自电容极板400与压阻效应结构件300之间的电磁干扰。屏蔽层600通常也可以为金属层，基于此，屏蔽层600与自电容极板400之间可以设置有绝缘隔离层700，绝缘隔离层700能够起到绝缘的作用。绝缘隔离层700的材质可以与绝缘基部100的材质相同。
在自电容极板400设置在绝缘基部100朝向面板500的一侧的前提下，绝缘基部100可以开设有凹槽120，绝缘隔离层700封盖在凹槽120的槽口、且与凹槽120形成第二空腔130。此种情况下，第二空腔130类似于第一空腔110，同样能够使得压阻效应结构件300与自电容极板400之间形成空心结构，有利于按键被按压的情况下，压阻效应结构件300产生较为显著的变形，从而提高按键的灵敏度。
由于屏蔽层600与自电容极板400之间设置有绝缘隔离层700，因此可以认为屏蔽层600封盖在凹槽120的槽口，从而形成第二空腔130。通常情况下，屏蔽层600的厚度较小，对变形的影响较小。为了使得按键更加灵敏，在进一步可选的方案中，凹槽120的底面与压阻效应结构件300之间的距离可以小于绝缘隔离层700的厚度，此种情况下，在按键受到按压的情况下，凹槽120的底面会发生较大的变形，从而能够使得压阻效应结构件300的变形更加显著，有利于提高按键的灵敏度。
当然，也可以是：绝缘基部100上位于凹槽120的底面与压阻效应结构件300之间的部分的硬度，可以小于绝缘隔离层700的硬度。此种情况下，同样能够使得按键在受到按压的情况下，凹槽120的底面会发生较大的变形，有利于提高按键的灵敏度。
同理，在垂直于线路层200的方向上，第二空腔130的投影可以位于压阻效应结构件300的投影之内。
在进一步可选的方案中，在垂直于线路层200方向的投影中，压阻效应结构件500的投影可以位于自电容极板400的投影中，此种结构能够确保在按压的过程中只有按压到自电容极板400上，才能实现对压阻效应结构件300变形的触发。很显然，此种结构能够更好地确保在按键触发过程中以自电容极板400的活体检测作为先决条件。
在本公开实施例中，自电容极板400可以为一整块板件，也可以包括 至少两块间隔设置的电容子极板410，无论何种方式均不影响自电容极板400的活体检测功能。在自电容极板400包括至少两块间隔设置的电容子极板410时，能够实现用户以一定的按压力滑动，从而实现对按键的触控。
基于本公开实施例公开的按键，本公开实施例公开一种电子设备，所公开的电子设备包括面板500和上文实施例所述的按键，按键连接于面板500的内侧表面。具体的，按键可以粘贴在面板500的内侧表面。具体的，面板500可以为电池盖，也可以为显示模组的透光盖板。
本公开实施例公开的电子设备可以为手机、电脑、电子书阅读器、智能手表等设备，本公开实施例不限制电子设备的具体种类。
在本公开实施例中，电子设备可以包括壳体，壳体可以包括面板500。当然，电子设备可以包括显示模组，显示模组通常包括透明盖板。在显示模组包括透明盖板的前提下，透明盖板也可以为上文所述的面板500。
基于本公开实施例公开的电子设备，本公开实施例公开一种电子设备的控制方法，所公开的控制方法包括：
检测自电容极板400的电容值；
当自电容极板400的电容值大于第一预设值时，则确定按键处于被活体触控状态；
检测压阻效应结构件300的电阻变化值；
当所述电阻变化值大于第二预设值时，将所述电阻变化值转换成所述按键相应的触控信号。
本公开实施例公开一种电子设备，包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现本公开的控制方法的步骤。
在本公开实施例的一些可能实现中，处理器可以包括中央处理器(CPU)，或者特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者可以被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
在本公开实施例的一些可能实现中，存储器可以包括只读存储器 (Read-Only Memory，ROM)，随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，磁盘存储介质设备，光存储介质设备，闪存设备，电气、光学或其他物理/有形的存储器存储设备。因此，通常，存储器包括一个或多个编码有包括计算机可执行指令的软件的有形(非暂态)计算机可读存储介质(例如，存储器设备)，并且当该软件被执行(例如，由一个或多个处理器)时，其可操作来执行参考根据本申请的信息显示方法所描述的操作。
本公开实施例公开一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现本公开的控制方法的步骤。
所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等。
本公开上文实施例中重点描述的是各个实施例之间的不同，各个实施例之间不同的优化特征只要不矛盾，均可以组合形成更优的实施例，考虑到行文简洁，在此则不再赘述。
以上所述仅为本公开的实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开。对于本领域技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种按键，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括面板(500)，所述按键连接在所述面板(500)的内侧表面，所述按键包括绝缘基部(100)、线路层(200)、压阻效应结构件(300)和自电容极板(400)，所述线路层(200)和所述自电容极板(400)分别连接在所述绝缘基部(100)相背的两侧，所述线路层(200)开设有开孔，所述绝缘基部(100)覆盖在所述开孔的一端的端口上，所述绝缘基部(100)与所述开孔的内壁围成容纳槽，所述开孔的另一端的端口为所述容纳槽的槽口，所述压阻效应结构件(300)设置在所述容纳槽中、且与所述线路层(200)电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的按键，其中，所述自电容极板(400)设置在所述绝缘基部(100)朝向所述面板(500)的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的按键，其中，所述绝缘基部(100)设置有第一空腔(110)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的按键，其中，所述第一空腔(110)具有相对分布的第一顶壁(111)和第一底壁(112)，所述第一顶壁(111)置于所述第一底壁(112)与所述自电容极板(400)之间，所述绝缘基部(100)位于所述第一顶壁(111)与所述自电容极板(400)之间的部分为顶部，所述绝缘基部(100)位于所述第一底壁(112)与所述压阻效应结构件(300)之间的部分为底部，所述顶部的厚度大于所述底部的厚度，和/或，所述顶部的硬度大于所述底部的硬度。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的按键，其中，在垂直于所述线路层(200)的方向上，所述第一空腔(110)的投影位于所述压阻效应结构件(300)的投影之内。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的按键，其中，所述按键还包括屏蔽层(600)，所述屏蔽层(600)设置在所述自电容极板(400)与所述绝缘基部(100)之间，所述屏蔽层(600)与所述自电容极板(400)之间设置有绝缘隔离层(700)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的按键，其中，所述绝缘基部(100)开设有凹槽(120)，所述绝缘隔离层(700)封盖在所述凹槽(120)的槽口、且与所述凹槽(120)形成第二空腔(130)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的按键，其中，所述凹槽(120)的底面与所述压阻效应结构件(300)之间的距离小于所述绝缘隔离层(700)的厚度。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的按键，其中，所述绝缘基部(100)上位于所述凹槽(120)的底面与所述压阻效应结构件(300)之间的部分的硬度，小于所述绝缘隔离层(700)的硬度。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的按键，其中，在垂直于所述线路层(200)的方向上，所述第二空腔(130)的投影位于所述压阻效应结构件(300)的投影之内。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的按键，其中，在垂直于线路层(200)方向的投影中，所述压阻效应结构件(300)的投影位于所述自电容极板(400)的投影中。
  12. 根据权利要求1或11所述的按键，其中，所述自电容极板(400)包括至少两块间隔设置的电容子极板(410)。
  13. 一种电子设备，包括面板(500)和权利要求1-12中任一项所述的按键，所述按键连接在所述面板(500)的内侧表面。
  14. 一种电子设备的控制方法，所述电子设备为权利要求13所述的电子设备，所述的控制方法包括：
    检测所述自电容极板(400)的电容值；
    当所述自电容极板(400)的电容值大于第一预设值时，则确定所述按键处于被活体触控状态；
    检测压阻效应结构件(300)的电阻变化值；
    当所述电阻变化值大于第二预设值时，将所述电阻变化值转换成所述按键相应的触控信号。
  15. 一种电子设备，包括：处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求14所述的控制方法的步骤。
  16. 一种可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求14所述的控制方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2020/113323 2019-09-27 2020-09-03 按键、电子设备及电子设备的控制方法 WO2021057430A1 (zh)

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