WO2021052308A1 - 移动终端 - Google Patents

移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021052308A1
WO2021052308A1 PCT/CN2020/115263 CN2020115263W WO2021052308A1 WO 2021052308 A1 WO2021052308 A1 WO 2021052308A1 CN 2020115263 W CN2020115263 W CN 2020115263W WO 2021052308 A1 WO2021052308 A1 WO 2021052308A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
absorbing member
housing
mobile terminal
flexible sound
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/115263
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李诗哲
常晶
刘阳
张铁男
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20864963.2A priority Critical patent/EP4024836A4/en
Priority to US17/761,888 priority patent/US20220337689A1/en
Publication of WO2021052308A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021052308A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/03—Constructional features of telephone transmitters or receivers, e.g. telephone hand-sets
    • H04M1/035—Improving the acoustic characteristics by means of constructional features of the housing, e.g. ribs, walls, resonating chambers or cavities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/18—Telephone sets specially adapted for use in ships, mines, or other places exposed to adverse environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
    • H04R1/2846—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2849—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of mobile terminals, and in particular to a mobile terminal.
  • the back cavity of the speaker of a mobile phone can be formed into an open or semi-open structure. Specifically, the front cavity and the back cavity of the speaker are isolated from each other by the speaker unit 21, and the back cavity of the speaker communicates with the internal cavity of the mobile phone. At this time, since the front cavity and the back cavity of the speaker are generally sealed and isolated from each other, and the inner cavity of the mobile phone is a closed cavity, the inner cavity of the mobile phone is still a closed cavity, which has a better sealing effect.
  • the inner cavity of the mobile phone is a closed cavity
  • the speaker unit 21 vibrates and produces sound
  • the back cavity of the speaker will form an air flow jetted into the inner cavity of the mobile phone under the action of the vibration, and the housing structure such as the back cover of the mobile phone is affected by the vibration.
  • the airflow impacts, it is easy to form a resonance phenomenon, causing discomfort to the user.
  • the present application provides a mobile terminal that can generate relatively small vibrations when playing sounds.
  • the present application provides a mobile terminal, which includes a housing and a speaker assembly arranged in an inner cavity of the housing.
  • the speaker assembly includes a speaker unit and a hollow accommodating cavity.
  • the speaker unit is arranged in the accommodating cavity,
  • the accommodating cavity is divided into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity.
  • the front sound cavity is connected with the sound outlet of the housing.
  • the cavity wall of the rear sound cavity is provided with a vent communicating with the inner cavity.
  • the inner cavity of the housing Flexible sound-absorbing parts are arranged on the wall.
  • a flexible sound-absorbing member is provided in the inner cavity of the housing of the mobile terminal.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member is located in the inner cavity of the housing and fills a part of the inner cavity space of the housing, making the inner cavity of the housing equivalent to a "solid" structure. At this time, the space in the inner cavity of the housing is substantially compressed. When the airflow flows in the inner cavity, it will continuously collide with the surface or internal structure of the flexible sound-absorbing member, and will be hindered by the flexible sound-absorbing member.
  • the airflow energy will be attenuated under the resistance of the flexible sound-absorbing member; when the airflow encounters the surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member, the impact energy of the airflow can also be attenuated by the deformation buffer of the flexible sound-absorbing member itself. In this way, the flexible sound-absorbing member can obstruct the movement of the airflow, so that its energy is attenuated.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member when the flexible sound absorbing member is disposed in the inner cavity of the housing, the flexible sound absorbing member may contact at least part of the cavity wall of the inner cavity. Since the flexible sound absorbing member has certain elasticity, the flexible sound absorbing member can be supported on the cavity wall by its own elastic force, so that the cavity walls on both sides of the inner cavity of the housing will be supported by the flexible sound absorbing member. In this way, under the support of the flexible sound-absorbing member, the natural frequency point of the entire housing can be increased, which is far away from the air flow vibration frequency range when the speaker assembly vibrates, thereby reducing the vibration of the housing.
  • the mobile terminal further includes a bracket assembly located inside the housing, the bracket assembly includes a bracket and a circuit element arranged on the bracket, the speaker assembly is arranged on the bracket assembly, and the flexible sound-absorbing member is arranged on the bracket assembly. And the inner wall of the housing.
  • the bracket assembly of the mobile terminal can be used as the main body in the mobile terminal and occupies a part of the space in the inner cavity, and the flexible sound-absorbing member can be arranged in the part of the space jointly enclosed by the bracket assembly and the inner wall of the housing.
  • opposite sides of the flexible sound-absorbing member abut against the bracket assembly and the inner wall of the housing, respectively.
  • the original cavity is equivalent to a new support point.
  • the force of the shell will also be transmitted to the bracket assembly through the flexible sound-absorbing member , And is subjected to the reverse supporting force of the bracket assembly, so the natural vibration frequency of the entire shell changes.
  • the natural frequency of the housing and the vibration frequency range of the airflow are far apart, and the amplitude of the housing will be weakened, thereby reducing the vibration of the entire mobile terminal.
  • At least one of the inner wall of the housing and the bracket assembly is bonded to the flexible sound-absorbing member.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member is fixed by means of gluing, and it can be realized without setting a fixing device or a fixing structure on the shell or the bracket assembly.
  • the internal structure of the shell is relatively simple, which effectively reduces the shell and bracket assembly. The complexity of the structure reduces production and manufacturing costs.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member is arranged adjacent to the vent. In this way, after the airflow flows out from the vent, it can be buffered by the flexible sound-absorbing member, thereby reducing the speed and impact of the airflow.
  • the vent faces the flexible sound-absorbing member. In this way, there is no other structure obstructing the flexible sound-absorbing member and the vent, so the airflow from the vent can be smoothly blown to the flexible sound-absorbing member, and the flexible sound-absorbing member is obstructed and buffered.
  • the vent may face the side edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member, so that the air flow blown from the vent can be blown to the edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member and enter the flexible sound-absorbing member from the side of the flexible sound-absorbing member.
  • the inside of the component and the internal structure of the flexible sound-absorbing component are rubbed and collided, and the energy is attenuated, thereby reducing the impact and vibration of the airflow on the shell.
  • the vent may also face the front of the flexible sound-absorbing member. In this way, the flexible sound-absorbing member can buffer the airflow when the airflow just blows out of the vent, and has a direct blocking effect on the airflow.
  • the housing includes a back cover, and the flexible sound-absorbing member is attached to the inner wall of the back cover.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member can be arranged corresponding to the back cover to reduce the vibration of the back cover.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member is located in the middle area of the back cover. Because the deflection of the central area of the back cover is larger, it will form a greater deformation when impacted by sound waves and airflow, resulting in a larger amplitude. Therefore, the middle area of the back cover is provided with a flexible sound-absorbing member, which has a better cushioning and supporting effect. Great.
  • the circuit element includes a battery, the battery is arranged on the support, and the battery faces the inner wall of the back cover, and the flexible sound absorbing member is arranged between the battery and the inner wall of the back cover. Since the battery occupies the middle area of the mobile terminal, and the outer wall of the battery has a relatively flat surface with a larger area, when the flexible sound absorbing member is arranged between the battery and the back cover, it can stably support the inner wall of the back cover.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member covers the side of the battery facing the inner wall of the rear cover. Since the battery occupies a large space inside the housing of the mobile terminal, a larger area in the inner cavity of the housing can be covered by the flexible sound-absorbing member, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member can achieve better cushioning and vibration reduction functions .
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member has a porous structure.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member can let the impact air flow into the inner hole with its own porous structure, and collide and rub against the wall of the hole, so as to use the mutual friction between the airflow and the flexible sound-absorbing member to transform the kinetic energy of the airflow itself. For thermal energy. The energy of the impact airflow is thus attenuated, so the flexible sound-absorbing member can further reduce the impact of the airflow on the shell, which is beneficial to reducing the vibration of the shell.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member is sound-absorbing cotton.
  • the sound-absorbing cotton has many gaps and micropores. When external sound waves enter the micropores of the flexible sound-absorbing member, it will cause the air in the micropores to vibrate and convert part of the sound energy and air flow energy into heat energy, thereby absorbing sound effect.
  • the use of sound-absorbing cotton as a flexible sound-absorbing member has better buffering ability against external shocks and vibrations, which can better buffer and attenuate the airflow generated by the sound of the speaker assembly, and improve the anti-vibration ability of the mobile terminal; at the same time,
  • the sound-absorbing cotton has strong height tolerance and will not adversely affect the structural connection between the various parts of the shell.
  • the air vent is covered with a dust-proof net.
  • the structure and cross-sectional area of the vent can be changed by adopting different forms of dust-proof nets, such as setting different mesh diameters, and correspondingly adjust the acoustic indicators such as the acoustic resistance of the loudspeaker assembly when sound is produced, thereby improving the output of the mobile terminal.
  • the dust-proof net can also be used to block dust and other debris, isolate the rear sound cavity of the speaker assembly and the inner cavity of the housing from each other, and prevent the sound cavity inside the speaker assembly from being affected by dust.
  • the area of the vent is greater than or equal to 10 mm 2 . In this way, the speaker assembly can have a larger volume and loudness.
  • the bracket assembly and the inner wall of the back cover are bonded by an adhesive
  • the adhesive includes at least one of the first adhesive and the second adhesive
  • the first adhesive The sticky object is located at the edge area of the back cover, and the second sticky object is connected between the speaker assembly and the back cover.
  • the back cover includes a flat area and a curved area surrounding the periphery of the flat area, the first adhesive is disposed on the flat area, and the boundary line between the flat area and the curved area is the same as the first Stickies are adjacent.
  • the flat area of the back cover is convenient for bonding and fixing with the first adhesive, and the bonding position of the first adhesive is located at the outermost side of the flat area of the back, so the supporting effect of the first adhesive on the back cover better.
  • the first stickies are arranged around the circumference of the back cover; or, there are multiple first stickies, and the multiple first stickies are respectively distributed in the circumferential direction of the back cover Different directions. In this way, the entire circumference of the back cover is supported by the first adhesive, so that a better anti-vibration effect can be achieved.
  • the mobile terminal of the present application specifically includes a housing and a speaker assembly arranged in an inner cavity of the housing.
  • the speaker assembly includes a speaker unit and a hollow accommodating cavity.
  • the speaker unit is arranged in the accommodating cavity and the accommodating cavity It is divided into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity.
  • the front sound cavity is connected with the sound outlet of the shell.
  • the cavity wall of the back sound cavity is provided with a vent communicating with the inner cavity.
  • the inner cavity wall of the shell is provided with a flexible sound absorption Pieces. In this way, the flexible sound-absorbing member can buffer the airflow when the speaker assembly emits sound, thereby reducing the vibration of the housing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the mobile terminal in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the internal structure of the mobile terminal of FIG. 1 when it is a mobile phone;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker assembly in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the speaker assembly in the housing of the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal cross-section of a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a flexible sound-absorbing member provided in the housing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement structure of the flexible sound-absorbing member in the housing provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the position of the flexible sound-absorbing member relative to the back cover of the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a vibration state when a flexible sound-absorbing member is provided inside the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded schematic diagram of a speaker assembly in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of stickies in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the glue in the thickness direction of the mobile terminal housing in FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the edge area of the back cover of the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Loudspeaker also known as "horn”, is a commonly used electro-acoustic transducer device.
  • the main working principle of the loudspeaker is to use the energized element to drive the diaphragm to produce mechanical vibration, and to push the surrounding air to cause the air medium to fluctuate so as to realize the conversion of "electricity-force-sound".
  • Sound cavity It mainly includes the front sound cavity and the back sound cavity.
  • the front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the diaphragm of the speaker, and the front sound cavity is located on the sound output side of the speaker and communicates with the sound hole to make the sound of the speaker propagate through the front sound cavity.
  • the rear sound cavity is located on the side of the loudspeaker away from the sound output side.
  • the back sound cavity mainly affects the low frequency part of the sound, and can improve the sound field and loudness of the speaker.
  • the inside of the casing may form a closed cavity, that is, the inner cavity of the casing and the outside of the mobile phone are not connected to each other.
  • various openings and interfaces on the outside of the mobile phone are provided with a sealing structure.
  • the speaker in the case of a speaker, the speaker can be provided with a sealing structure at the sound outlet, or the diaphragm of the speaker and other structures of the speaker can be sealed to isolate the rear sound cavity from the external environment of the mobile phone.
  • the mobile phone speaker can have an open or semi-open rear sound cavity.
  • the rear sound cavity will be provided with a larger opening and pass through the opening and the inner shell. The cavity is connected.
  • the vibration of the diaphragm will push the air in the rear sound cavity, so that the air in the rear sound cavity will expand and flow out from the opening of the rear sound cavity to the inner cavity of the housing, or contract.
  • the air in the inner cavity of the shell enter the rear sound cavity through the opening.
  • the resulting airflow will impact the inner cavity of the mobile phone's case, and the inner cavity of the case is a closed cavity. Therefore, the internal space of the inner cavity will vibrate correspondingly under the impact of the airflow, and the vibration will be transmitted to the mobile phone.
  • the structure of the housing, etc. will affect the user's grip and normal operation.
  • the mobile terminal provided by the present application can reduce the vibration of the inner cavity of the mobile phone housing caused by the impact of the airflow, and avoid affecting the user's grip.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the mobile terminal in Fig. 1.
  • the mobile terminal provided in this embodiment specifically includes a housing 1 and a speaker assembly 2 arranged in an inner cavity 11 of the housing 1.
  • the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 is provided with Flexible sound-absorbing parts 4.
  • the mobile terminal in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a point of sales (POS), a vehicle-mounted computer, and the like.
  • a mobile phone is taken as an example for description.
  • the mobile terminal in this embodiment may also include other components and structures, and these components and structures are partly or completely disposed on the housing.
  • the mobile terminal is a mobile phone as an example for description.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the internal structure of the mobile terminal in FIG. 1 when the mobile terminal is a mobile phone.
  • the mobile terminal 100 includes a radio frequency (RF) unit 110, a memory 120, other input devices 130, a screen 140, a sensor 150, an audio circuit 160, and a radio frequency (RF) unit.
  • RF radio frequency
  • RF radio frequency
  • each component of the mobile terminal 100 will be specifically introduced in conjunction with FIG. 2 below:
  • the RF unit 110 may be used for receiving and sending signals during information transmission or communication. In particular, after receiving the downlink information of the base station, it is processed by the processor 180; in addition, the designed uplink data is sent to the base station. Generally, the RF unit 110 is connected to the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 is used to communicate with the network and other devices.
  • the RF unit 110 includes, but is not limited to, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like.
  • the memory 120 may be used to store software programs and modules.
  • the processor 180 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile terminal 100 by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 120.
  • the memory 120 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area.
  • the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.;
  • the storage data area may store Data (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) created according to the use of the mobile terminal 100 and the like.
  • the memory 120 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • the mobile terminal includes other input devices 130, a screen 140, a sensor 150, an audio circuit 160, and so on.
  • the other input device 130 can be used to receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the mobile terminal 100.
  • the other input device 130 is connected to the other input device controller 171 of the I/O subsystem 170, and performs signal interaction with the processor 180 under the control of the other device input controller 171.
  • the screen 140 may be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various menus of the mobile terminal 100, and may also accept user input.
  • the specific screen 140 may include a display panel 141, a touch panel 142, and the like.
  • the senor 150 included in the mobile terminal 100 can identify and perceive environmental parameter information around the mobile phone.
  • the sensor 150 may include a light sensor, a motion sensor, a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, an infrared sensor, etc.
  • the I/O subsystem 170 is used to control input and output external devices, and the display controller 173 in the I/O subsystem 170 receives signals from the screen 140 and/or sends signals to the screen 140. After the screen 140 detects the user input, the display controller 173 converts the detected user input into an interaction with a user interface object displayed on the screen 140, that is, a human-computer interaction is realized.
  • the sensor controller 172 may receive signals from one or more sensors 150 and/or send signals to one or more sensors 150.
  • the processor 180 is the control center of the mobile terminal 100. It uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire mobile phone, runs or executes software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 120, and calls data stored in the memory 120. , To perform various functions of the mobile terminal 100 and process data, so as to monitor the mobile phone as a whole.
  • the processor 180 may include one or more processing units.
  • the mobile terminal 100 also includes a power supply 190 for supplying power to various components and other components or structures, which will not be repeated here.
  • the mobile terminal includes a speaker assembly 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker assembly in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the speaker assembly in the housing of the mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 1 of the mobile terminal has an inner cavity 11, which is mainly used for arranging various functional components inside the mobile terminal.
  • the speaker assembly 2 is arranged in the inner cavity 11 of the casing 1 of the mobile terminal, and plays the sound through the sound outlet 12 on the casing 1.
  • the speaker assembly 2 includes a speaker unit 21, and the speaker unit 21 may mainly include different components such as a voice coil, a diaphragm, and a magnetic circuit assembly.
  • the voice coil can receive electrical signals through the audio circuit 160 and generate an electromagnetic field accordingly, so that under the combined action of its own magnetic field and the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit components, the voice coil can drive the diaphragm to move back and forth to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the speaker assembly 2 also includes an accommodation cavity 22 that can accommodate the speaker unit 21.
  • the speaker unit 21 divides the accommodation cavity 22 into a front sound cavity 221 and a rear sound cavity.
  • the front sound cavity 221 is located on the sound output side of the speaker unit 21 and mainly affects the high frequency sound output part of the speaker unit 21, while the rear sound cavity 222 is located on the side of the speaker unit 21 away from the sound output side, and mainly affects the speaker The low-frequency output part of unit 21.
  • the speaker assembly 2 in order to improve acoustic indicators such as the volume and loudness of the speaker assembly 2, the speaker assembly 2 has an open or semi-open rear sound cavity 222. Specifically, a vent 223 is opened on the cavity wall of the rear sound cavity 222, and the vent is communicated with the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. In this way, when the speaker assembly 2 emits sound, the air flow generated by the vibration of the diaphragm and other elements will enter the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 through the vent, or enter the rear sound cavity 222 from the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. In this way, the air pressure in the rear sound cavity 222 is balanced, which prevents the pressure change in the rear sound cavity 222 from affecting the normal sound production of the speaker assembly 2.
  • FIG. 6 is an internal cross-sectional schematic diagram of a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, a flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is provided in the housing 1 to buffer the airflow caused by the speaker assembly 2.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself is composed of a flexible material, and occupies at least part of the space of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. Since the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is located in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1, a part of the space of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 will be filled, so that the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 is equivalent to a "solid" structure. At this time, the space in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 is substantially compressed. When the airflow flows in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 provided with the flexible sound absorbing member 4, it will continuously collide with the surface or internal structure of the flexible sound absorbing member 4 , And is hindered by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself is made of a flexible material, so when the airflow encounters the surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, the impact energy of the airflow can also be attenuated by the deformation buffer of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself. In this way, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can hinder the movement of the airflow, so that its energy can be attenuated.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member 4 when the flexible sound absorbing member 4 is disposed in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can contact at least part of the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 with each other. Since the flexible sound absorbing member 4 has certain elasticity, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can be supported on the cavity wall by its own elastic force, so that the cavity walls on both sides of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 will be supported by the flexible sound absorbing member 4. In this way, under the support of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, the natural frequency point of the entire housing 1 can be increased, which is far away from the air flow vibration frequency range of the speaker assembly 2 when vibrating, thereby reducing the vibration of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be in a variety of different shapes and structures, such as a sheet shape and a plate shape. And with the difference in the overall structure and internal layout of the mobile terminal, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can have a variety of different arrangements in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. Specific explanations are given below.
  • the mobile terminal further includes a bracket assembly 3 located inside the housing 1.
  • the bracket assembly 3 includes a bracket 31 and circuit elements arranged on the bracket 31, and the speaker assembly 2 is arranged on the bracket assembly 3.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is arranged between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1, as shown in FIG. 2 in detail.
  • the bracket assembly 3 of the mobile terminal can be used as the main body in the mobile terminal, which includes supporting components or supporting structures such as the bracket 31.
  • the bracket 31 can be used as a carrying body of other components and connected to the housing 1 of the mobile terminal, and the main circuit board, battery 32 and other circuit elements in the mobile terminal can be arranged on the bracket 31 and fixed by the bracket 31.
  • the speaker assembly 2 can also be located on the bracket assembly 3 and directly or indirectly connected to the bracket 31 in the bracket assembly 3. Since the front sound cavity 221 in the speaker assembly 2 needs to communicate with the sound hole 12 of the housing 1 and complete the sound output function during media playback or voice calls, the speaker assembly 2 can be located on a side of the bracket assembly close to the housing 1. Specifically, it may be located at the upper or lower position of the mobile terminal. In this embodiment, the speaker assembly 2 is located at the lower position of the mobile terminal as an example for description. When the speaker is located at the lower part of the mobile terminal, the sound hole 11 of the housing 1 may be located at the bottom of the housing 1 or a lower area on the side of the housing 1.
  • the bracket assembly 3 serves as the main body and main supporting structure in the mobile terminal, the bracket assembly 3 can occupy the entire length and width direction of the mobile terminal.
  • the cavity inside the housing 1 mainly occupies the space area between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the speaker assembly 2 When the speaker assembly 2 generates sound and generates airflow impact, it will also impact the inner wall of the housing 1 in this space area.
  • the inner wall of the casing 1 is vibrated.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 for sound absorption and vibration reduction is arranged in the space area, that is, between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1, so as to buffer the impact and vibration formed by the airflow in the space area, thereby Reduce the vibration of the housing 1 under the sound flow of the speaker assembly 2.
  • the space area formed between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 will also have a smaller thickness, and the size in this direction will be significantly smaller than that of the mobile terminal in other directions (length and width directions). )size of.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 will also have a thinner thickness in this direction.
  • a gap with a relatively uniform thickness can be formed between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 as a whole can have a sheet-like or thin-plate-like structure.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 in the shape of a thin sheet or thin plate can adapt to the smaller gap thickness between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can have a larger thickness in other directions than the thickness direction. Large size and area, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can have better cushioning ability through its own larger area and size.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can occupy at least part of the space of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can occupy a partial space area or the entire space area between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may have a space and size that match the shape and size of the area space.
  • the space area formed between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 will also approximately form a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 It may have a square shape as a whole.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an arrangement of a flexible sound-absorbing member in a housing provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, when the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is located between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1, as an alternative embodiment, the opposite sides of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be connected to the bracket assembly 3 and the shell respectively. The inner wall of the body 1 abuts.
  • the size of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be greater than or equal to the size of the space area where the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is located, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can interact with the housing.
  • the inner walls of 1 abut against each other so as to be supported on the inner wall of the housing 1. After the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 is supported by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, the original cavity is equivalent to a newly added support point.
  • the housing 1 has a tendency to vibrate, when it vibrates, the housing 1 will move in the direction of oppressing the flexible sound absorbing member 4 or away from the flexible sound absorbing member 4, and the force of the housing 1 will also pass through the flexible sound absorbing member 4. It is transmitted to the bracket assembly 3 and is subjected to the reverse supporting force of the bracket assembly 3 to change the original vibration tendency of the housing 1. Therefore, the natural vibration frequency of the entire casing 1 changes.
  • the airflow of the speaker assembly 2 passes through the inner cavity 11 of the casing 1, the interval between the natural frequency of the casing 1 and the vibration frequency of the airflow is far, and the amplitude of the casing 1 Will be weakened, thereby reducing the vibration of the entire mobile terminal.
  • the size of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 in the thickness direction of the housing 1 can be set to be greater than or equal to the bracket The size of the space formed between the assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 in this direction.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 located between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 will be in a compressed and deformed state, and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is on opposite sides of the thickness direction of the housing 1 (that is, the side and the side facing the bracket assembly 3).
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be a sheet-like or thin-plate-like structure, so that multiple points of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1 can be formed to support the inner wall of the housing 1 effectively.
  • the housing 1 in the mobile terminal may form an inner cavity 11 with a certain thickness.
  • the thickness of the inner cavity 11 may be between 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may be greater than the thickness of the inner cavity 11 so as to be in a compressed state when disposed in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 and to reliably abut against and support the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 will accordingly have a structure that is conducive to absorbing sound and vibration, or be composed of a material with better absorption.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may have a porous structure.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself has a loose texture and has a porous structure with relatively porous holes inside. These holes communicate with the outside of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the speaker assembly 2 vibrates, the resulting impact air flow will enter the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 through the vent 223, and the flexible sound-absorbing member located in the inner cavity 11 4.
  • the impact airflow can enter the internal holes and collide and rub against the walls of the holes, so that the friction between the airflow and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can transform the kinetic energy of the airflow itself. For thermal energy. The energy of the impact airflow is thus attenuated, so the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can further reduce the impact of the airflow on the housing 1 and help reduce the vibration of the housing 1.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may specifically be sound-absorbing cotton.
  • Sound-absorbing cotton can also be called sound-absorbing foam or sound-absorbing sponge. It is mainly made of man-made fiber materials. Specifically, it can be made of polyurethane (PU), open-cell polyethylene (PE), and open-cell EPDM rubber. Materials such as Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) or nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) are formed by high-temperature foaming. The interior of the sound-absorbing foam has many gaps and micro-pores, and these micro-pores penetrate each other from the surface to the inside, so that the overall texture of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is looser and has better air permeability.
  • PU polyurethane
  • PE open-cell polyethylene
  • EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
  • NBR nitrile butadiene rubber
  • the use of sound-absorbing cotton as the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 has better buffering ability against external shocks and vibrations, which can better buffer and attenuate the airflow generated by the sound of the speaker assembly 2 and improve the anti-vibration ability of the mobile terminal.
  • the loose and porous structure of the sound-absorbing foam itself when the thickness is thicker, its rebound force is still small, so it has a strong height tolerance and will not adversely affect the structural connection between the various parts of the shell 1 .
  • the sound-absorbing foam can produce greater elastic deformation and has a small rebound force, when the thickness of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 in the mobile terminal is between 0.2mm and 0.3mm, the sound-absorbing foam will not The normal thickness under compression can be between 1mm and 2mm, and is generally about 1mm. In this way, the sound-absorbing foam can play a strong role of filling and supporting the inner wall of the housing 1 in a compressed state.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member 4 When the flexible sound absorbing member 4 is arranged in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1, in order to position the flexible sound absorbing member 4, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can be fixed in many different ways.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may be fixed by an adhesive method.
  • at least one of the inner wall of the housing 1 and the bracket assembly 3 may be bonded to the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1 or the flexible sound absorbing member 4 and the bracket assembly 3 may be in surface contact, so it is suitable for bonding the flexible sound absorbing member 4 with an adhesive.
  • it can be the adhesion between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, or the surface of the bracket assembly 3 and the surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, or the opposite sides of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4
  • the surfaces are respectively bonded to the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 and so on.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is fixed by means of gluing, and it can be realized without setting a fixing device or a fixing structure on the housing 1 or the bracket assembly 3.
  • the internal structure of the housing 1 is relatively simple, which effectively reduces the housing
  • the structural complexity of the body 1 and the bracket assembly 3 reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the adhesive can have a variety of different choices.
  • double-sided tape can be used to bond the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, or liquid glue such as water glue can be used to coat the inner wall of the housing 1 or the outer wall of the bracket assembly 3 on the surface that needs to be bonded, and solidify, so that the bonded surface And the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is firmly bonded.
  • liquid glue such as water glue
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 When the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is abutted and disposed between the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself will be restricted by the bracket assembly 3 and the housing 1 in the thickness direction of the mobile terminal, so it only needs to be placed in other parts.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is limited in the direction, and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can also be fixed.
  • a fixing structure can be provided at a corresponding position on the housing 1 or the bracket assembly 3, such as a structure such as a limiting groove or a positioning protrusion.
  • the inner wall of the housing 1 may be formed with a positioning groove protruding to the inside of the housing 1.
  • the shape enclosed by the positioning groove and the edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 The shapes match each other, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be clamped in the positioning groove, and its position relative to the housing 1 is also restricted by the positioning groove, thereby realizing the position-limiting fixation of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the edge shape of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the corresponding position on the bracket assembly 3 can be matched with each other, so that the edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 abuts against the corresponding position on the bracket assembly 3 to complete the fixation.
  • a positioning hole may be provided on the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, and a positioning protrusion may be provided on the inner wall of the bracket assembly 3 or the housing 1, and the positioning protrusion penetrates the positioning hole to fix the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • various other detachable or non-detachable ways can also be used to complete the setting and positioning of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 inside the housing 1, which is not limited here.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be used as a support structure for the inner wall of the housing 1, the hardness of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 itself can affect the sound-absorbing and buffering effect of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. Specifically, when the rigidity of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is relatively large, the vibration mitigation effect of the housing 1 is more obvious. Therefore, the sound absorption and vibration mitigation performance of the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can be adjusted by replacing the flexible sound absorbing member 4 with different hardness, or changing the fixing and restraining method of the flexible sound absorbing member 4.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 When the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is arranged inside the housing 1, it can have a variety of different positions and ways. Among them, in order to make the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 have a better sound-absorbing and buffering effect, there may be a variety of different relative positions between the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2, which will be described in detail below.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is arranged adjacent to the vent 223, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the air vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2 may be opened toward the inner side of the housing 1.
  • the direction of the air vent 223 may be along the plane direction of the mobile terminal, for example, a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the mobile terminal.
  • the flexible sound absorbing member 4 may be arranged adjacent to the air vent 223, that is, there is a relatively short distance between the two. In this way, after the airflow flows out of the vent 223, it can be buffered by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, thereby reducing the speed and impact of the airflow.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the vent 223 may also have a variety of different specific relative positions.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the speaker assembly 2 may be located in different areas of the mobile terminal.
  • the speaker assembly 2 may be located in the bottom area of the mobile terminal, while the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is located in the middle area of the mobile terminal.
  • the air vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2 is opened toward the inside of the housing 1, and the air vent 223 and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 have a relatively short distance. Therefore, the air flow blown in or out from the vent 223 will be large.
  • the air vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2 can directly face the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. In this way, there is no other structure obstructing the flexible sound-absorbing element 4 and the air vent 223, so the air flow in and out of the air vent 223 can be smoothly blown to the flexible sound-absorbing element 4, and the flexible sound-absorbing element 4 is obstructed and buffered. Specifically, when the vent 223 faces the flexible sound absorbing member 4, the vent 223 will face different local parts of the flexible sound absorbing member 4 according to different relative positions between the speaker assembly 2 and the flexible sound absorbing member 4.
  • the direction of the air vent 223 may face the side edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the air flow blown from the vent 223 can be blown to the edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, and enter the inside of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 from the side of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, and rub and collide with the internal structure of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. It can be attenuated, thereby reducing the impact and vibration of the airflow on the housing 1.
  • the vent 223 relative to the housing 1 may be along the plane direction where the housing 1 is located, that is, the direction perpendicular to the thickness of the mobile terminal.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may have holes or other structures that can buffer the airflow. After the airflow enters the inside of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 from the side of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, it can flow along the length or width direction of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. In this way, the flow path of the airflow inside the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is longer, and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can attenuate the energy of the airflow to a greater extent.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement structure of the flexible sound-absorbing member in the housing provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2 can also directly face the front surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the vent 223 of the speaker assembly 2 does not face the side edge of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, but faces the front surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4.
  • the vent 223 can be oriented along the thickness direction of the mobile terminal and is flexible. The position of the sound absorbing member 4 and the position of the vent 223 may at least partially overlap inside the mobile terminal.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 Since the front surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 has a large area enough to cover the vent 223 of the speaker, the airflow entering and exiting through the vent 223 will be directly blown to the front of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and interact with the front surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. The collision is blocked and buffered by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. Since the air vent 223 directly faces the front surface of the flexible sound absorbing member 4, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can buffer the air flow when the air flow just blows out of the air vent 223, and has a direct blocking effect on the air flow.
  • vent 223 and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can also have other different arrangements and relative positions, which will not be described here. limit.
  • the housing 1 is generally not an integrated structure, but is divided into different components.
  • the housing 1 may include structures such as a back cover 13 and a middle frame 14.
  • the middle frame 14 is located on the side of the mobile terminal and the rear
  • the cover 13 is located on the side of the mobile terminal away from the screen 140, and the middle frame 14, the screen 140 and the back cover 13 collectively enclose the closed structure of the mobile terminal.
  • the back cover 13 in the housing 1 has a larger coverage area (the entire backside area of the mobile terminal), and due to the overall thickness limitation of the mobile terminal, the back cover 13 also needs to have With a small thickness, when the airflow in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 impacts the rear cover 13 when the speaker assembly 2 emits sound, the rear cover 13 will be deformed greatly, which will result in more severe vibration. At this time, the rear cover 13 will form the main resonance component in the housing 1. Therefore, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be arranged corresponding to the rear cover 13 to reduce the vibration of the rear cover 13. Among them, as one of the optional embodiments, when the housing 1 includes the back cover 13, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be attached to the inner wall of the back cover 13, so as to reduce the impact of the impact air flow inside the housing 1 on the back cover 13. .
  • the back cover 13 of the housing 1 covers most of the area on the back side of the mobile terminal, and the inner wall of the back cover 13 forms a relatively straight and larger plane area.
  • the back cover 13 can enclose the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 with different structures such as the bracket assembly 3, and when the speaker assembly 2 emits sound, the airflow from the vent 223 can pass into the inner cavity 11 and drive a larger thickness.
  • the thin back cover 13 generates vibrations.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be attached to the inner wall of the rear cover 13 to cover part or even the entire rear cover 13.
  • the air flow blown out by the vent 223 will first flow to the surface of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and be buffered by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4; and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 and the rear cover 13 are in contact with each other, so the formed structure has a higher structure.
  • the natural frequency can be far away from the vibration frequency range of the airflow, and the vibration of the rear cover 13 can be reduced.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 when the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is attached to the inner wall of the back cover 13, it may be directly in contact with the inner wall of the back cover 13, or indirectly attached to the inner wall of the back cover 13 through other structures.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be pasted on the inner wall of the back cover 13, or can be relatively fixed by other limiting structures and the back cover 13, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the position of the flexible sound-absorbing member relative to the back cover in the mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the back cover 13 may traverse the entire housing 1 in the length and width directions of the mobile terminal, that is, the back side of the entire housing 1 is covered by the back cover 13.
  • the ends and edges of the back cover 13 will be connected to the middle frame 14, and the central area of the back cover 13 will be suspended and form a gap with other structures inside the housing 1, such as the bracket assembly 3.
  • a flexible sound-absorbing member 4 is provided in the middle area of the back cover 13.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 will directly buffer the airflow, so that the energy of the airflow is attenuated and the impact force of the airflow at this part is reduced;
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 in the middle area of the back cover 13 can be supported on the inner wall of the middle area of the back cover 13, so that this part of the back cover 13 is supported, which suppresses the vibration tendency of the middle area of the back cover 13 and changes the back cover 13
  • the natural frequency of the cover 13 keeps it away from the vibration frequency of the airflow, so that the vibration of the rear cover 13 can be reduced.
  • the circuit elements contained in the bracket assembly 3 include a battery 32 for supplying power to the mobile terminal.
  • the battery 32 is arranged on the bracket 31 and the battery 32 faces the inner wall of the back cover 13.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be arranged between the battery 32 and the inner wall of the back cover 13.
  • the battery 32 in order to provide sufficient power to the mobile terminal, the battery 32 generally has a larger size and coverage area, so that the battery 32 occupies a larger space in the mobile terminal housing 1.
  • the battery 32 can be arranged in the middle area of the mobile terminal.
  • the battery 32 of the mobile terminal is generally a relatively regular structure such as a rectangular parallelepiped, and the arrangement direction is the same as that of the housing 1 of the mobile terminal.
  • the length and width direction of the battery 32 are the same as the length and width direction of the mobile terminal casing 1, and the thickness direction of the battery 32 is the same as the thickness direction of the casing 1, so that the battery 32 is in the casing 1 of the mobile terminal.
  • the interior occupies a relatively regular space, which facilitates the arrangement of other components in the housing 1.
  • the battery 32 occupies the middle area inside the mobile terminal housing 1 and has a larger coverage area. Accordingly, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 can be arranged between the battery 32 and the inner wall of the rear cover 13. At this time, the flexible sound absorbing member 4 may be clamped between the outer wall of the battery 32 and the inner wall of the rear cover 13. Since the outer wall of the battery 32 has a relatively flat surface with a larger area, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can correspondingly have a relatively uniform thickness and stably support the inner wall of the rear cover 13.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 In order for the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 to have better cushioning and sound-absorbing effects, the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 should have a larger coverage area and range.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can cover the side of the battery 32 facing the inner wall of the rear cover 13.
  • the surface of the battery 32 facing the inner wall of the back cover 13 may be a rectangular surface, and the surface of the battery 32 has a larger size and area, so the battery 32 occupies a larger area ratio on the back side of the mobile terminal.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 located in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 at least covers the rectangular surface, thereby forming a larger buffer and protection area in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1. In this way, a larger area of the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 can be covered by the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, so that the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can achieve better cushioning and vibration damping functions.
  • the coverage of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 in the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 generally does not exceed
  • the area and range of the back cover 13, that is, the size of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 will be smaller than the size and coverage area of the back cover 13, and the shape of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 will generally match the shape of the back cover 13, and it is also rectangular on the back side. And other more regular shapes.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 may also have other different structures and arrangements, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a vibration state when a flexible sound-absorbing member is provided inside the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, it specifically shows the actual amplitude of the housing 1 under the buffering action of the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 when sound-absorbing foam is provided inside the mobile terminal as the flexible sound-absorbing member 4. Wherein, the back cover 13 of the housing 1 has a relatively large span, and the middle area of the back cover 13 will produce a larger amplitude. By arranging the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 at the back cover 13, the amplitude of the back cover 13 can be reduced.
  • the rear cover 13 when the airflow impact frequency is close to 400Hz, the rear cover 13 will resonate, and its maximum amplitude (displacement) is only about 0.015mm to 0.017mm, so the amplitude of the rear cover 13 is small, and its vibration can be alleviated. .
  • the rear sound cavity 222 in the speaker assembly 2 is an open or semi-open sound cavity, which has a vent 223 with a larger area.
  • the vent 223 has a different structure and cross-sectional area, the sound emission characteristics of the speaker assembly 2 will change accordingly.
  • the speaker assembly 2 will have a different acoustic resistance. Therefore, the sound output characteristics of the speaker assembly 2 can be adjusted by providing an adjustment structure at the vent 223.
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded schematic diagram of a speaker assembly in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a dust-proof net 2231 may be provided on the vent 223.
  • the dust-proof net 2231 has densely distributed filter holes or meshes. Therefore, the structure and cross-sectional area of the air vent 223 can be changed by adopting different dust-proof net 2231 forms, such as setting different mesh diameters, and the speaker assembly 2 can be adjusted accordingly.
  • Acoustic indicators such as acoustic resistance during sound production, so as to improve the sound effect of the mobile terminal.
  • the dust-proof net 2231 can also be used to block dust and other debris, isolate the rear sound cavity 222 of the speaker assembly 2 and the inner cavity 11 of the housing 1 from each other, and prevent the sound cavity inside the speaker assembly 2 from being affected by dust.
  • the dust-proof net 2231 can be arranged at the vent 223 in a variety of ways, for example, it is connected to the speaker assembly 2 in a snap-fit or other detachable manner, or it is directly bonded to the vent 223 through adhesive 2232, etc. There is no restriction on the specific setting method of the dust-proof net 2231 here.
  • the area of the vent 223 may be greater than or equal to 10 mm 2 .
  • the cross-sectional area of the vent 223 may be about 17 mm 2 to 18 mm 2 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of stickies in a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the glue in the thickness direction of the mobile terminal housing in FIG. 12.
  • glue can be used to assist in connecting the housing 1 and the bracket assembly 3 inside the housing 1, so that the bracket assembly 3 is used to connect the housing 1 Provide auxiliary support.
  • the bracket assembly 3 and the inner wall of the back cover 13 are bonded by an adhesive 5, and the adhesive 5 includes at least one of the first adhesive 51 and the second adhesive 52, wherein the first adhesive
  • the sticker 51 is located at the edge area of the rear cover 13, and the second sticker 52 is connected between the speaker assembly 2 and the rear cover 13.
  • the adhesive 5 can be connected in different specific areas of the back cover 13.
  • the adhesive 5 may include the first adhesive 51 or the second adhesive 52, wherein the first adhesive 51 is adhered to the edge area of the back cover 13 and connected to the back cover 13.
  • the edge area and the bracket assembly 3, and the second glue 52 connects the speaker assembly 2 and the back cover 13 together.
  • the glue can increase the connection between the back cover 13 and other components, which is beneficial to improve
  • the rigidity and supporting strength of the entire rear cover 13 and the vibration frequency of the housing 1 are changed to keep it away from the sound wave and airflow frequency of the speaker assembly 2, thereby reducing the vibration of the housing.
  • the glue 5 includes a first glue 51 and a second glue 52 that are respectively adhered to different areas of the back cover 13. And the specific location of the second adhesive 52 will be described in detail:
  • the first adhesive 51 located at the edge area of the back cover 13 can be connected to the edge area of the back cover 13 to prevent the edge area of the back cover 13 from vibrating under the impact of airflow.
  • the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 can be located in the middle area of the back cover 13, the first adhesive 51 can cooperate with the flexible sound-absorbing member 4, and form supporting points at different parts (the middle and the edges) of the back cover 13, thereby supporting And fix the different areas and positions of the back cover 13. In this way, the combined use of the first adhesive 51 and the flexible sound-absorbing member 4 provides a more comprehensive support for the back cover 13 and can effectively reduce the overall vibration of the back cover 13.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the edge area of the back cover of the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first adhesive 51 may be disposed in the flat area 131.
  • the boundary line between the plane area 131 and the arc area 132 is adjacent to the first glue 51.
  • the flat area 131 of the back cover 13 is convenient for bonding and fixing with the first adhesive 51, and the bonding position of the first adhesive 51 is located at the outermost side of the flat area 131 of the back cover 13, so the first adhesive The supporting effect of 51 on the back cover 13 is better.
  • the first adhesive 51 can have several different shapes and arrangements.
  • the first adhesive 51 is arranged around the circumference of the rear cover 13 so as to surround the circumference of the rear cover 13. At this time, the entire circumference of the rear cover 13 is Supported by a sticky material 51, a better anti-vibration effect can be achieved.
  • a gap may be provided on the first adhesive 51 to avoid an interface used for communicating with the outside of the housing 1 in the mobile terminal.
  • first adhesives 51 there may be multiple first adhesives 51, and the multiple first adhesives 51 are respectively distributed in different directions in the circumferential direction of the rear cover 13. In this way, the distribution of the first stickies 51 is relatively scattered, which can avoid other components and structures inside the mobile terminal.
  • the first adhesive 51 can occupy at least three different directions of the back cover 13 to achieve a stable support for the back cover 13.
  • the second adhesive 52 connects the speaker assembly 2 and the back cover 13 together, which is equivalent to adding a support point to the speaker assembly 2, so that when the speaker assembly 2 emits sound, its structure and the housing 1 will simultaneously withstand shock and vibration. Therefore, the vibration of the structure of the housing 1 such as the rear cover 13 and the speaker assembly 2 itself is effectively reduced.
  • the second adhesive 52 can be multiple and set on the diagonal of the speaker assembly 2, so that the second adhesive
  • the sticky object 52 can have a better supporting effect on the speaker assembly 2 and avoid large vibration on one side of the speaker.
  • the height of the glue should be greater than the height of the inner cavity 11 of the mobile terminal housing 1.
  • the height of the specific glue can be about 0.3mm.
  • the glue When the glue is formed, specifically, an operation method such as gluing or dispensing can be used to set the liquid adhesive on the corresponding part of the back cover 13 and solidify to form the glue.
  • the glue can be a commonly used liquid fixing glue, such as UV glue, or an adhesive known to those skilled in the art that can be used for glue making or dispensing operations, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the mobile terminal specifically includes a housing and a speaker assembly arranged in an inner cavity of the housing.
  • the speaker assembly includes a speaker unit and a hollow accommodating cavity.
  • the speaker unit is arranged in the accommodating cavity and will be accommodated.
  • the cavity is divided into a front sound cavity and a back sound cavity.
  • the front sound cavity is connected with the sound outlet of the shell.
  • the cavity wall of the back sound cavity is provided with a vent communicating with the inner cavity.
  • Flexible sound-absorbing parts In this way, the flexible sound-absorbing member can buffer the airflow when the speaker assembly emits sound, thereby reducing the vibration of the housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种移动终端。本申请的移动终端，包括壳体和扬声器组件，扬声器组件的扬声器单元将扬声器组件的腔体分为前音腔和后音腔，而后音腔的腔壁开设有与壳体的内腔连通的通气口，壳体的内腔腔壁上设置有可以进行吸音及缓冲振动的柔性吸音件。这样本申请的壳体能够产生较小的振动。

Description

移动终端
本申请要求于2019年09月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为201921553400.X、申请名称为“移动终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动终端领域，尤其涉及一种移动终端。
背景技术
目前，手机等移动终端的防水要求越来越高，因而手机整机结构会形成密闭的腔体，从而具有较强的气密性。
当前，为了提高手机扬声器的音量等声学指标，手机的扬声器后腔可以形成开放或者半开放结构。具体的，扬声器的前腔和后腔通过扬声器单元21相互隔离，而扬声器的后腔会和手机的内部腔体相互连通。此时，由于扬声器的前腔和后腔一般相互密封隔离，且手机的内腔为密闭腔体，所以手机的内部腔体仍然为密闭腔体，具有较好的密封效果。
然而，由于手机的内腔为密闭腔体，随着扬声器单元21的振动发声，扬声器的后腔会在振动的作用下形成向手机内部腔体喷射的气流，手机的后盖等壳体结构受到气流冲击时，容易形成共振现象，对使用者造成不适。
实用新型内容
本申请提供一种移动终端，在播放声音时能够产生较小的振动。
第一方面，本申请提供一种移动终端，包括壳体和设置在壳体的内腔中的扬声器组件，扬声器组件包括扬声器单元和中空的容置腔体，扬声器单元设置在容置腔体内，并将容置腔体分为前音腔和后音腔，前音腔和壳体的出音孔连通，后音腔的腔壁开设有与内腔连通的通气口，壳体的内腔腔壁上设置有柔性吸音件。
这样在移动终端的壳体内腔中设置柔性吸音件，柔性吸音件位于壳体的内腔之中，会填充一部分壳体的内腔空间，让壳体的内腔等效于“实心”结构。此时，壳体内腔的空间实质上被压缩，气流在内腔中流动时，会不断和柔性吸音件的表面或内部结构发生碰撞，并受到柔性吸音件的阻碍。气流能量会在柔性吸音件的阻力作用下得以衰减；气流遇到柔性吸音件表面时，也可以通过柔性吸音件自身的形变缓冲而衰减气流的冲击能量。这样，柔性吸音件可以阻碍气流的运动，使其能量得以衰减。
此外，当柔性吸音件设置在壳体的内腔中时，柔性吸音件可以和内腔的至少部分腔壁相互接触。由于柔性吸音件自身具有一定弹性，所以柔性吸音件可以通过自身弹力而支撑在腔壁上，使壳体的内腔两侧腔壁会得到柔性吸音件的支撑。这样在柔性吸音件的支撑下，整个壳体的固有频率点得以提升，从而远离了扬声器组件在振动时的气流振动频率区间，从而减少壳体的振动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，移动终端还包括位于壳体内部的支架组件，支架组件包括 支架和设置在支架上的电路元件，扬声器组件设置在支架组件上，柔性吸音件设置在支架组件和壳体的内壁之间。移动终端的支架组件可以作为移动终端内的主体，并占据内腔中的一部分空间，而柔性吸音件即可设置在支架组件和壳体内壁所共同围成的该部分空间内。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件的相对两侧分别和支架组件和壳体的内壁抵接。这样壳体的内腔腔壁得到柔性吸音件的支撑后，其原先的空腔内部相当于新增了支撑点，在壳体振动时，壳体的作用力也会经由柔性吸音件传递至支架组件，并受到支架组件的反向支撑力作用，因而整个壳体的固有振动频率发生变化。当扬声器组件的气流经过壳体内腔时，壳体的固有频率与气流的振动频率区间之间间隔较远，壳体的振幅会减弱，从而减少了整个移动终端的振动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，壳体的内壁和支架组件中的至少一者和柔性吸音件粘接。这样利用胶粘的方式完成对柔性吸音件的固定，不需要在壳体上或者支架组件上设置固定装置或固定结构即可实现，壳体的内部结构较为简单，有效降低了壳体和支架组件的结构复杂度，减少了生产制造成本。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件与通气口相邻设置。这样气流由通气口流出后，即可被柔性吸音件所缓冲，从而降低气流的速度和冲击。
在一种可选的实施方式中，通气口面向柔性吸音件。这样柔性吸音件和通气口之间并没有其它结构进行阻碍，所以由通气口进出的气流可以较为顺畅的吹向柔性吸音件，并得到柔性吸音件的阻碍和缓冲。
在一种可选的实施方式中，通气口可以面向柔性吸音件的侧方边缘，这样由通气口吹出的气流，可以吹向柔性吸音件的边缘，并从柔性吸音件的侧方进入柔性吸音件内部，并和柔性吸音件内部的结构发生摩擦和碰撞，能量得以衰减，从而减少了气流对壳体的冲击和振动。或者，通气口也可以面向柔性吸音件的正面。这样柔性吸音件即可在气流刚吹出通气口时，对气流进行缓冲，对气流起到直接阻挡效果。
在一种可选的实施方式中，壳体包括后盖，柔性吸音件和后盖的内壁贴合。这样因为后盖会形成壳体中的主要共振部件，所以柔性吸音件可以与后盖对应设置，以减少后盖的振动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件位于后盖的中部区域。因为后盖中心区域的挠度较大，受声波和气流冲击时会形成较大的形变，由此产生较大的振幅，因此，在后盖的中部区域设置柔性吸音件，其缓冲和支撑效果较好。
在一种可选的实施方式中，电路元件包括电池，电池设置在支架上，且电池面向后盖的内壁，柔性吸音件设置在电池和后盖的内壁之间。由于电池会占据移动终端的中部区域，且电池的外壁具有较为平整，且面积较大的平面，因而柔性吸音件被设置在电池和后盖之间时，可以对后盖内壁进行稳固支撑。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件覆盖电池的面向后盖内壁的一面。由于电池在移动终端的壳体内部占据较大的空间，所以壳体的内腔中的较大部分区域都可以得到柔性吸音件的覆盖，从而让柔性吸音件实现较好的缓冲和减振功能。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件具有多孔状结构。这样柔性吸音件可以凭借自身的多孔状结构，让冲击气流进入内部孔洞之中，并与孔洞的孔壁相互碰撞及摩擦，从而利用气流和柔性吸音件之间的相互摩擦让气流自身的动能转化为热能。而冲击气流的能量 由此得到衰减，因而柔性吸音件可以进一步减小气流对壳体的冲击，有利于减少壳体的振动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，柔性吸音件为吸音棉。吸音棉的内部具有较多的间隙和微孔，当外界声波进入柔性吸音件的微孔内部时，就会引起微孔中的空气振动，将一部分声能和气流动能转化为热能，从而起吸音作用。此外，利用吸音棉作为柔性吸音件，其对外界冲击和振动的缓冲能力较好，能够让因扬声器组件发声而产生的气流得到较好的缓冲和衰减，提高移动终端的抗振动能力；同时，吸音棉具有较强的高度容差性，不会对壳体各部分之间的结构连接形成不利影响。
在一种可选的实施方式中，通气口上覆盖有防尘网。这样可以通过采用不同的防尘网形式，例如设置不同的网孔直径，来改变通气口的结构和横截面积，相应调节扬声器组件在发声时的声阻等声学指标，从而改善移动终端的出音效果；同时，防尘网也可以用于隔档灰尘等杂物，使扬声器组件的后音腔和壳体的内腔相互隔离，避免扬声器组件内部的音腔受到灰尘影响。
在一种可选的实施方式中，通气口的面积大于或等于10mm 2。这样扬声器组件可以具有较大的音量和响度。
在一种可选的实施方式中，支架组件和后盖的内壁之间通过胶粘物粘接，胶粘物包括第一胶粘物和第二胶粘物中的至少一者，第一胶粘物位于后盖的边缘区域，第二胶粘物连接在扬声器组件和后盖之间。这样利用胶粘物，可以增加后盖与其它部件之间的连接，从而有利于提高整个后盖的刚性和支撑强度，并改变壳体的振动频率，使其远离扬声器组件的声波和气流频率，从而减小壳体的振动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，后盖包括平面区域和围绕在平面区域周缘的弧面区域，第一胶粘物设置在平面区域上，且平面区域与弧面区域的交界线和第一胶粘物相邻。此时，后盖的平面区域便于和第一胶粘物粘接固定，且第一胶粘物的粘接位置位于后盖平面区域的最外侧，因而第一胶粘物对于后盖的支撑效果较好。
在一种可选的实施方式中，第一胶粘物沿后盖的周向环绕设置；或者，第一胶粘物为多个，且多个第一胶粘物分别分布在后盖周向上的不同方向。这样整个后盖的周向上均被第一胶粘物所支撑，因而可达到较好的抗振动效果。
本申请的移动终端具体包括壳体和设置在壳体的内腔中的扬声器组件，扬声器组件包括扬声器单元和中空的容置腔体，扬声器单元设置在容置腔体内，并将容置腔体分为前音腔和后音腔，前音腔和壳体的出音孔连通，后音腔的腔壁开设有与内腔连通的通气口，壳体的内腔腔壁上设置有柔性吸音件。这样柔性吸音件能够对扬声器组件出音时的气流进行缓冲，从而减轻壳体的振动。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种移动终端的结构示意图；
图2是图1中的移动终端的爆炸示意图；
图3是图1的移动终端为手机时的内部部分结构框图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件在壳体内的位置示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的移动终端的内部截面示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的柔性吸音件在壳体内的一种设置结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的柔性吸音件在壳体内的另一种设置结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中柔性吸音件相对于后盖的位置示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的移动终端内部设置有柔性吸音件时的振动状态示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件的爆炸示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中胶粘物的分布示意图；
图13是图12中胶粘物在移动终端壳体厚度方向上的设置示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中后盖边缘区域的局部结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-壳体；2-扬声器组件；3-支架组件；4-柔性吸音件；5-胶粘物；11-内腔；12-出音孔；13-后盖；14-中框；21-扬声器单元；22-容置腔体；31-支架；32-电池；51-第一胶粘物；52-第二胶粘物；131-平面区域；132-弧面区域；221-前音腔；222-后音腔；223-通气口；100-移动终端；110-RF单元；120-存储器；130-其它输入设备；140-屏幕；141-显示面板；142-触控面板；150-传感器；160-音频电路；170-I/O子系统；171-其它输入设备控制器；172-传感器控制器；173-显示控制器；180-处理器；190-电源；200-天线；2231-防尘网；2232-背胶。
具体实施方式
在对本申请实施例进行描述前，为便于理解，先对本申请实施例中涉及到的术语进行解释说明：
扬声器：又称“喇叭”，是一种常用的电声换能器件。扬声器的主要工作原理为利用通电元件带动振膜产生机械振动，并推动周围的空气，使空气介质产生波动从而实现“电-力-声”的转换。
音腔：主要包括前音腔和后音腔等组成部分。其中，前音腔和后音腔分别设置在扬声器的振膜的相对两侧，且前音腔位于扬声器的出音侧，并与出音孔连通，用于使扬声器的声音经由前音腔传播至外界；后音腔位于扬声器的与出音侧背离的一侧。其中，后音腔主要影响声音的低频部分，并能够提高扬声器的音场和响度的大小。
手机等移动终端为了达到较好的防水密封能力，其壳体的内部可以形成密闭的腔体，也就是说，壳体的内腔与手机的外部互不连通。而为了让手机的壳体内部具有较好的密封性，手机外部的各类开孔和接口设置有密封结构。例如，以扬声器而言，扬声器可以在出音孔处设置密封结构，或者是令扬声器的振膜和扬声器其它结构之间形成密封，从而让后音腔与手机外部环境相互隔绝。
而为了提高手机扬声器的响度和声场等声学指标，手机的扬声器可以具有开放或半开放式的后音腔，此时，后音腔会设置较大的开口，并通过该开口和壳体的内腔连通。然而，由于扬声器在发出声音时，振膜的振动会推动后音腔内的空气运动，这样后音腔中的空气会发生膨胀并由后音腔的开口流出至壳体内腔，或者发生收缩，而让壳体内腔中的空气由开口进入后音腔。此时，由此产生的气流会对手机的壳体内腔造成冲击，而壳体的内腔为密闭腔体，因而内腔的内部空间在气流冲击下，会相应产生振动，振动传递到手机的壳体等结构上，会影响使用者的握持和正常操作。
在此情况下，本申请所提供的移动终端，可以减少因气流冲击引起手机壳体内腔振动的情况，避免影响使用者的握持。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种移动终端的结构示意图。图2是图1中的移动终端的爆炸示意图。如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供的移动终端，具体包括壳体1和设置在壳体1的内腔11中的扬声器组件2，壳体1的内腔11腔壁上设置有柔性吸音件4。
其中，本实施例中的移动终端，可以包括但不限于手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、销售终端(Point of Sales，POS)、车载电脑等。本实施例中，以手机为例进行说明。
具体的，本实施例中的移动终端除了壳体1和扬声器组件2外，还可以包括其它部件和结构，而这些部件和结构部分或全部的设置在壳体上。具体的，以移动终端是手机为例进行说明，图3是图1的移动终端为手机时的内部部分结构框图。如图3所示，除了壳体1和扬声器组件2之外，移动终端100包括射频(Radio Frequency，RF)单元110、存储器120、其它输入设备130、屏幕140、传感器150、音频电路160、I/O子系统170、处理器180、以及电源190等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，图2中示出的手机结构并不构成对手机的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
为便于理解移动终端的整体结构，下面结合图2对移动终端100的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
RF单元110可用于收发信息或通话过程中，信号的接收和发送，特别地，将基站的下行信息接收后，给处理器180处理；另外，将设计上行的数据发送给基站。通常，RF单元110会和天线200连接，从而利用天线200与网络和其它设备通信。RF单元110包括但不限于至少一个放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器(Low Noise Amplifier，LNA)、双工器等。
存储器120可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器180通过运行存储在存储器120的软件程序以及模块，从而执行移动终端100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器120可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能、图象播放功能等)等；存储数据区可存储根据移动终端100的使用所创建的数据(比如音频数据、电话本等)等。此外，存储器120可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其它易失性固态存储器件。
为了使移动终端进行显示和输入等交互操作。移动终端中包括其它输入设备130、屏幕140、传感器150、音频电路160等。其中，其它输入设备130可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与移动终端100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。其它输入设备130与I/O子系统170的其它输入设备控制器171相连接，在其它设备输入控制器171的控制下与处理器180进行信号交互。屏幕140可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及移动终端100的各种菜单，还可以接受用户输入。具体的屏幕140可包括显示面板141，以及触控面板142等。此外，移动终端100所包括的传感器150，可以识别和感知手机周围环境参数信息，具体的，传感器150可包括光传感器、运动传感器、陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等。
I/O子系统170用来控制输入输出的外部设备，I/O子系统170中的显示控制器173从屏幕140接收信号和/或者向屏幕140发送信号。屏幕140检测到用户输入后，显示控制器173将检测到的用户输入转换为与显示在屏幕140上的用户界面对象的交互，即实现人机交互。传感器控制器172可以从一个或者多个传感器150接收信号和/或者向一个或者多个传感器150发送信号。
处理器180是移动终端100的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器120内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器120内的数据，执行移动终端100的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器180可包括一个或多个处理单元。
此外，移动终端100还包括给各个部件供电的电源190以及其它组件或结构，此处不再赘述。
而为了实现移动终端的声音播放功能，移动终端中包括有扬声器组件2。图4是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件的结构示意图。图5是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件在壳体内的位置示意图。如图1至图5所示，移动终端的壳体1具有内腔11，该内腔主要用于设置移动终端内部的各类功能部件。扬声器组件2设置在移动终端的壳体1的内腔11中，并通过壳体1上的出音孔12进行声音的播放。具体的，扬声器组件2中包括扬声器单元21，扬声器单元21主要可以包括音圈、振膜和磁路组件等不同组成部分。其中，音圈可以通过音频电路160通入电信号，并相应产生电磁场，这样音圈在自身磁场和磁路组件所形成的磁场的共同作用下，即可带动振膜往复移动，以进行振动发声。而为了让扬声器组件2具有较好的声学特性，扬声器组件2中还包括可收容扬声器单元21的容置腔体22，扬声器单元21将该容置腔体22分为了前音腔221和后音腔222，前音腔221位于扬声器单元21的出音侧，并主要影响扬声器单元21的高频出音部分，而后音腔222位于扬声器单元21的与出音侧背离的一侧，主要影响扬声器单元21的低频出音部分。
本实施例中，为了提高扬声器组件2的音量和响度等声学指标，扬声器组件2具有开放式或半开放式后音腔222。具体的，后音腔222的腔壁上开设有通气口223，而通气口和壳体1的内腔11连通。这样当扬声器组件2发声时，由于振膜等元件振动而产生的气流，就会通过通气口进入壳体1内腔11，或者由壳体1内腔11进入后音腔222之中。这样后音腔222内的气压得到平衡，避免了后音腔222内压力变化而影响到扬声器组件2的正常发声。然而，气流流入壳体1的内腔11中后，会对壳体1结构造成冲击。而移动终端的壳体1结构较薄，其较低的固有频率与气流的振动冲击频率较为接近，这样在气流的振动冲击下，壳体1容易形成振幅较大的振动，因此，壳体1的内壁上还设置有柔性吸音件，以对气流进行缓冲，减少由于气流引起的壳体1振动。图6是本申请实施例提供的移动终端的内部截面示意图。如图2和图6所示，壳体1中设置有柔性吸音件4，能够对扬声器组件2引起的气流进行缓冲。
具体的，柔性吸音件4自身由柔性材料构成，且占据了壳体1的内腔11的至少部分空间。由于柔性吸音件4位于壳体1的内腔11之中，会填充一部分壳体1的内腔11空间，让壳体1的内腔11等效于“实心”结构。此时，壳体1内腔11的空间实质上被压缩，气流在设置有柔性吸音件4的壳体1的内腔11中流动时，会不断和柔性吸音件4的表面或内部结构发生碰撞，并受到柔性吸音件4的阻碍。这样，气流能量会在柔性吸音件4的阻力作 用下得以衰减。同时，柔性吸音件4自身为柔性材质构成，因而气流遇到柔性吸音件4表面时，也可以通过柔性吸音件4自身的形变缓冲而衰减气流的冲击能量。这样，柔性吸音件4可以阻碍气流的运动，使其能量得以衰减。
此外，当柔性吸音件4设置在壳体1的内腔11中时，柔性吸音件4可以和内腔11的至少部分腔壁相互接触。由于柔性吸音件4自身具有一定弹性，所以柔性吸音件4可以通过自身弹力而支撑在腔壁上，使壳体1的内腔11两侧腔壁会得到柔性吸音件4的支撑。这样在柔性吸音件4的支撑下，整个壳体1的固有频率点得以提升，从而远离了扬声器组件2在振动时的气流振动频率区间，从而减少壳体1的振动。
其中，柔性吸音件4可以为片状、板状等多种不同的形状和结构。且随着移动终端整体结构和内部布局的不同，柔性吸音件4在壳体1内腔11中可以具有多种不同的设置方式。以下分别进行具体说明。
在一种可选的实施方式中，移动终端还包括位于壳体1内部的支架组件3，支架组件3包括支架31和设置在支架31上的电路元件，扬声器组件2设置在支架组件3上，柔性吸音件4设置在支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间，具体如图2所示。
具体的，移动终端的支架组件3可以作为移动终端内的主体，其中包括有支架31等支撑部件或支撑结构。其中，支架31可以作为其它部件的承载主体，并和移动终端的壳体1连接，而移动终端中的主电路板、电池32等电路元件可以设置在支架31上，并得到支架31的固定。
此时，扬声器组件2也可以位于支架组件3上，并和支架组件3中的支架31直接或间接连接。由于扬声器组件2中的前音腔221需要和壳体1的出音孔12连通，并完成媒体播放或者语音通话时的出音功能，所以扬声器组件2可以位于支架组件的靠近壳体1的一侧，具体的，可以是位于移动终端的上部或者下部位置，本实施例中，以扬声器组件2位于移动终端的下部位置为例进行说明。当扬声器位于移动终端的下部时，壳体1的出音孔11可以位于壳体1的底部或者是壳体1侧方的下部区域。
其中，由于支架组件3作为移动终端内的主体和主要支撑结构，因而支架组件3可以占据移动终端的整个长度和宽度方向。这样壳体1内部的空腔主要会占据支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间的空间区域，扬声器组件2发声而产生气流冲击时，也会在该空间区域内冲击壳体1的内壁，使壳体1内壁产生振动。而将用于吸音减振的柔性吸音件4设置在该空间区域内，也就是位于支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间，即可缓冲气流在该空间区域内形成的冲击和振动，从而减小壳体1在扬声器组件2出音气流下的振动。
为了减少移动终端的厚度，支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间所形成空间区域也会具有较小的厚度，而该方向上的尺寸会显著小于移动终端在其它方向上(长度和宽度方向)的尺寸。而为了设置在该厚度较小的空间区域内，柔性吸音件4在该方向上也会具有较薄的厚度。
具体的，支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间可以形成厚度较为均一的间隙，这样，柔性吸音件4整体可以呈薄片状或薄板状结构。一方面，薄片或薄板状的柔性吸音件4能够适应支架组件3和壳体1内壁之间较小的间隙厚度，另一方面，柔性吸音件4在不同于厚度方向的其它方向上可以具有较大的尺寸和面积，这样柔性吸音件4能够通过自身较大的面积和尺寸而具有较好的缓冲能力。
其中，柔性吸音件4可以占据壳体1内腔11的至少部分空间。例如，由于移动终端内部具有支架组件3，所以柔性吸音件4可以占据支架组件3和壳体1内壁之间的局部空间区域或者是全部空间区域。
可选的，柔性吸音件4可以具有与该区域空间的形状和大小相互匹配的空间以及大小。当移动终端的壳体1大致呈方形时，相应的，支架组件3和壳体1内壁之间所形成的空间区域也会近似形成长方体形状，而为了设置在该空间区域中，柔性吸音件4也可以具有整体呈方形的形状。
图7是本申请实施例提供的柔性吸音件在壳体内的一种设置结构示意图。如图7所示，当柔性吸音件4处于支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间时，作为一种可选的实施方式，柔性吸音件4的相对两侧可以分别和支架组件3以及壳体1的内壁抵接。
具体的，由于柔性吸音件4自身可以产生一定的弹性形变，因此可以让柔性吸音件4的尺寸大于或等于柔性吸音件4所处的空间区域的尺寸，这样柔性吸音件4就能够和壳体1的内壁相互抵接，从而支撑在壳体1的内壁上。壳体1的内腔11腔壁得到柔性吸音件4的支撑后，其原先的空腔内部相当于新增了支撑点。此时，壳体1如果具有振动的趋势，其在振动时，壳体1会向压迫柔性吸音件4或者远离柔性吸音件4的方向移动，而壳体1的作用力也会经由柔性吸音件4传递至支架组件3，并受到支架组件3的反向支撑力作用，改变壳体1的原先振动趋势。因而整个壳体1的固有振动频率发生变化，当扬声器组件2的气流经过壳体1内腔11时，壳体1的固有频率与气流的振动频率区间之间间隔较远，壳体1的振幅会减弱，从而减少了整个移动终端的振动。
其中，本实施例中，由于柔性吸音件4被夹在支架组件3和壳体1的内壁之间，因而可以设置柔性吸音件4在壳体1厚度方向上的尺寸，使其大于或等于支架组件3和壳体1内壁之间所形成的空间在该方向上的大小。这样位于支架组件3和壳体1内壁之间的柔性吸音件4会处于压缩形变状态，且柔性吸音件4在壳体1厚度方向上的相对两侧(即面向支架组件3的一侧和面向壳体1内壁的一侧)可以分别与支架组件3或者是壳体1内壁相抵接，并对壳体1的内壁进行支撑。由前述可知，柔性吸音件4可以为薄片状或薄板状结构，因而柔性吸音件4和壳体1内壁的多个部位之间均可以形成支撑点，从而有效支撑壳体1的内壁。
具体的，移动终端中的壳体1可以形成具有一定厚度的内腔11，例如内腔11的厚度可以在0.2mm至0.3mm之间。而柔性吸音件4的厚度可以大于内腔11的厚度，以在设置在壳体1内腔11中时呈压缩状态，并和壳体1的内壁可靠抵接并形成支撑。
而为了让柔性吸音件4具有较好的吸音缓冲效果，柔性吸音件4相应会具有有利于吸收声音和振动的结构，或由吸收性较好的材料构成。例如，作为一种可选的柔性吸音件结构，柔性吸音件4可以具有多孔状结构。
此时，柔性吸音件4自身呈质地疏松，且内部具有较多孔洞的多孔状结构。这些孔洞和柔性吸音件4外部相通，当扬声器组件2发声振动时，由此产生的冲击气流会由通气口223进入壳体1的内腔11之中，而位于内腔11中的柔性吸音件4，即可凭借自身的多孔状结构，让冲击气流进入内部孔洞之中，并与孔洞的孔壁相互碰撞及摩擦，从而利用气流和柔性吸音件4之间的相互摩擦让气流自身的动能转化为热能。而冲击气流的能量由此得到衰减，因而柔性吸音件4可以进一步减小气流对壳体1的冲击，有利于减少壳体1的振动。
其中，可选的，柔性吸音件4具体可以为吸音棉。吸音棉又可称为吸音泡棉或吸音海绵，其主要由人造纤维材料，具体的，可以由聚氨酯(poly urethane，PU)，开孔聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)、开孔三元乙丙橡胶(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer，EPDM)或者开孔丁晴橡胶(nitrile butadiene rubber，NBR)等材料经高温发泡而形成。吸音泡棉的内部具有较多的间隙和微孔，这些微孔互相贯通的、从表到里，让柔性吸音件4整体质地较为疏松，具有较好的透气性。当外界声波进入柔性吸音件4的微孔内部时，就会引起微孔中的空气振动，在摩擦阻力、空气的黏滞阻力以及热传导等作用下，将一部分声能和气流动能转化为热能，从而起吸音作用。
因而利用吸音棉作为柔性吸音件4，其对外界冲击和振动的缓冲能力较好，能够让因扬声器组件2发声而产生的气流得到较好的缓冲和衰减，提高移动终端的抗振动能力。同时，吸音泡棉自身的疏松多孔结构，在厚度加厚时，其反弹力仍然较小，从而具有较强的高度容差性，不会对壳体1各部分之间的结构连接形成不利影响。
需要说明的是，由于吸音泡棉能够产生较大的弹性形变且反弹力较小，因而当移动终端中壳体1的内腔11厚度在0.2mm至0.3mm之间时，吸音泡棉在无压迫情况下的正常厚度可以在1mm至2mm之间，且一般为1mm左右，这样吸音泡棉在压缩状态下，可以对壳体1内壁起到较强的填充和支撑作用。
此外，除了吸音泡棉外，还可以采用其它具有类似疏松的多孔结构，且可以具有较大弹性形变的材料形成柔性吸音件4，例如本领域技术人员所熟知的吸音缓冲材料等，此处不加以限制。
在壳体1的内腔11中设置柔性吸音件4时，为了对柔性吸音件4进行定位，可以采用多种不同的方式固定柔性吸音件4。例如，在一种可选的实施方式中，可以采用胶粘方式对柔性吸音件4完成固定。此时，可以让壳体1的内壁和支架组件3中的至少一者和柔性吸音件4粘接。
具体的，柔性吸音件4和壳体1内壁之间，或者柔性吸音件4和支架组件3之间均可以为面接触，因而适合利用粘接剂对柔性吸音件4进行粘接。此时，可以是壳体1内壁和柔性吸音件4的表面之间粘接，也可以是支架组件3的表面和柔性吸音件4的表面粘接，或者是让柔性吸音件4的相对两侧表面分别和支架组件3以及壳体1的内壁粘接等。这样利用胶粘的方式完成对柔性吸音件4的固定，不需要在壳体1上或者支架组件3上设置固定装置或固定结构即可实现，壳体1的内部结构较为简单，有效降低了壳体1和支架组件3的结构复杂度，减少了生产制造成本。
其中，通过胶粘完成柔性吸音件4的固定连接时，粘接剂可以有多种不同的选择。例如，可以采用双面胶来粘接柔性吸音件4，或者采用水胶等液态胶涂覆在壳体1内壁或者支架组件3外壁等需要粘接的表面，并进行固化，从而让粘接表面和柔性吸音件4之间牢固粘合。或者，也可以采用在柔性吸音件4和壳体1内壁上分别涂覆不同组分的粘接剂，并使不同组分的粘接剂接触固化，从而完成粘合，以及其它本领域技术人员常用的粘接方式，此处不再赘述。
而当柔性吸音件4抵接设置在支架组件3与壳体1内壁之间时，柔性吸音件4在移动终端厚度方向上本身会受到支架组件3和壳体1的限制，因而只需要在其它方向上对柔性吸音件4进行限位，也能够对柔性吸音件4进行固定。此时，可以在壳体1或者支架组件 3上的相应位置设置固定结构，例如是限位凹槽或者定位凸起等结构。以利用壳体1内壁对柔性吸音件4进行限位为例，壳体1的内壁上可以形成向壳体1内侧凸出的定位槽，定位槽所围成的形状和柔性吸音件4的边缘形状相互匹配，这样柔性吸音件4即可卡设在定位槽之中，其相对于壳体1的位置也被定位槽所限制，由此实现了柔性吸音件4的限位固定。
此外，也可以是在柔性吸音件4上设置能够固定在支架组件3或者壳体1内壁上的结构。例如，可以让柔性吸音件4的边缘形状和支架组件3上的相应位置相互匹配，从而使柔性吸音件4的边缘与支架组件3上相应部位抵接而完成固定。或者，也可以在柔性吸音件4上设置定位孔，而支架组件3或者壳体1内壁上可以设置定位凸起，且定位凸起穿过定位孔以固定柔性吸音件4。此外，也可以采用其它各种可拆卸或者不可拆卸方式完成柔性吸音件4在壳体1内部的设置和定位，此处不加以限制。
可以理解的是，由于柔性吸音件4可以用于作为壳体1内壁的支撑结构，所以柔性吸音件4自身的硬度等参数可以影响到柔性吸音件4的吸音缓冲效果。具体的，柔性吸音件4硬度较大时，对于壳体1的振动缓解效果较为明显。因而可以通过更换不同硬度的柔性吸音件4，或者改变柔性吸音件4的固定和约束方式，以此来调节柔性吸音件4的吸音和振动缓解性能。
而柔性吸音件4设置在壳体1内部时，可以具有多种不同的设置位置和设置方式。其中，为了让柔性吸音件4具有较好的吸音缓冲效果，柔性吸音件4和扬声器组件2的通气口223之间可以具有多种不同的相对位置，以下进行具体说明。
在其中一种可选的排布结构中，柔性吸音件4与通气口223相邻设置，如图7所示。具体的，扬声器组件2的通气口223可以向壳体1的内侧开设，此时，通气口223的朝向可以沿着移动终端的平面方向，例如是和移动终端厚度垂直的方向等。而为了让柔性吸音件4缓冲由通气口223进出的气流，柔性吸音件4可以与通气口223相邻设置，即两者之间具有较近的距离。这样气流由通气口223流出后，即可被柔性吸音件4所缓冲，从而降低气流的速度和冲击。
此时，柔性吸音件4和通气口223之间也可以具有多种不同的具体相对位置。可选的，柔性吸音件4和扬声器组件2可以位于移动终端的不同区域。例如，扬声器组件2可以位于移动终端的底部区域，而柔性吸音件4位于移动终端的中部区域。此时，扬声器组件2的通气口223朝向会向壳体1内部开设，而通气口223和柔性吸音件4之间具有较近的距离，因而由通气口223吹入或吹出的气流，会大部分移动至柔性吸音件4所在的位置，并和柔性吸音件4的表面或内部接触及碰撞，从而减缓自身的流动速度，并使气流能量得以衰减，而缓冲后的气流，其对壳体1内壁的冲击会减小，使壳体1的振动较小。
作为一种可选的设置方式，可以让扬声器组件2的通气口223直接面向柔性吸音件4。这样柔性吸音件4和通气口223之间并没有其它结构进行阻碍，所以由通气口223进出的气流可以较为顺畅的吹向柔性吸音件4，并得到柔性吸音件4的阻碍和缓冲。具体的，通气口223面向柔性吸音件4时，根据扬声器组件2和柔性吸音件4之间的不同相对位置，通气口223会相应的面向柔性吸音件4的不同局部部位。
例如，如图7所示，在一种可选的方式，通气口223的朝向可以面向柔性吸音件4的侧方边缘。这样由通气口223吹出的气流，可以吹向柔性吸音件4的边缘，并从柔性吸音 件4的侧方进入柔性吸音件4内部，并和柔性吸音件4内部的结构发生摩擦和碰撞，能量得以衰减，从而减少了气流对壳体1的冲击和振动。此时，通气口223相对于壳体1可以是沿着壳体1所在的平面方向，即垂直于移动终端的厚度的方向。
需要说明的是，此时，柔性吸音件4的内部可以具有孔洞或者其它可以供气流缓冲的结构。而气流由柔性吸音件4侧方进入柔性吸音件4内部后，即可沿柔性吸音件4的长度或宽度方向流动。这样气流在柔性吸音件4内部的流经途径较长，而柔性吸音件4能够对气流能量进行较大程度的衰减。
图8是本申请实施例提供的柔性吸音件在壳体内的另一种设置结构示意图。如图8所示，在另一种可选的方式中，也可以让扬声器组件2的通气口223直接面向柔性吸音件4的正面。此时，扬声器组件2的通气口223不是面向柔性吸音件4的侧缘，而是面向柔性吸音件4的正面表面，此时，通气口223的朝向可以沿着移动终端的厚度方向，且柔性吸音件4的位置和通气口223的位置可以在移动终端内部具有至少部分重叠。由于柔性吸音件4的正面具有较大的面积，足以覆盖扬声器的通气口223，这样通过通气口223进出的气流会直接吹向柔性吸音件4的正面，并和柔性吸音件4的正面表面发生碰撞，并被柔性吸音件4所阻挡和缓冲。由于通气口223直接面向柔性吸音件4的正面，柔性吸音件4即可在气流刚吹出通气口223时，对气流进行缓冲，对气流起到直接阻挡效果。
此外，随着扬声器组件2中的通气口223朝向以及柔性吸音件4的设置方式的不同，通气口223和柔性吸音件4之间还可以具有其它不同的设置方式和相对位置，此处不加以限制。
移动终端中，壳体1一般并不是一体式结构，而是分为不同组成部分，例如壳体1可以包括有后盖13和中框14等结构，中框14位于移动终端的侧方，后盖13位于移动终端的背离屏幕140的一侧，且中框14、屏幕140和后盖13共同围成移动终端的封闭结构。而在壳体1的各个组成部分中，壳体1中的后盖13具有较大的覆盖面积(整个移动终端的背侧区域)，且由于移动终端的整体厚度限制，后盖13也需要具有较小的厚度，因而扬声器组件2发声时在壳体1内腔11中的气流冲击至后盖13时，会使后盖13产生较大的形变，从而形成较为剧烈的振动。此时，后盖13会形成壳体1中的主要共振部件。因而柔性吸音件4可以与后盖13对应设置，以减少后盖13的振动。其中，作为其中一种可选的实施方式，在壳体1包括后盖13时，柔性吸音件4可以和后盖13的内壁贴合，以减少壳体1内部冲击气流对后盖13的影响。
具体的，壳体1的后盖13覆盖了移动终端背侧的大部分区域，且后盖13的内壁形成了较为平直，且面积较大的平面区域。这样后盖13可以和支架组件3等不同结构共同围成壳体1的内腔11，而扬声器组件2出音时，通气口223的气流即可通入该内腔11中，并驱动厚度较薄的后盖13产生振动。为了抑制后盖13振动，柔性吸音件4即可贴设在后盖13的内壁上，并覆盖部分甚至整个后盖13。这样，通气口223所吹出的气流会先流动至柔性吸音件4的表面，并得到柔性吸音件4的缓冲；而柔性吸音件4和后盖13相互接触，因而所形成的结构具有较高的固有频率，从而可以远离气流的振动频率范围，减小后盖13的振动。
其中，柔性吸音件4和后盖13内壁贴合时，可以是直接和后盖13内壁接触，或者通过其它结构而间接和后盖13的内壁贴合。而柔性吸音件4可以粘贴在后盖13内壁上，也 可以通过其它限位结构和后盖13实现相对固定，此处不加以限制。
为了提高柔性吸音件4对后盖13振动的抑制效果，可选的，可以让柔性吸音件4位于后盖13的中部区域。图9是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中柔性吸音件相对于后盖的位置示意图。如图9所示，具体的，后盖13可以在移动终端的长度及宽度方向上横贯整个壳体1，也就是说，整个壳体1的背侧均被后盖13所覆盖。后盖13的端部和边缘会和中框14相互连接，而后盖13的中心区域会悬空设置，并和壳体1内部的其它结构，例如是支架组件3之间形成间隙。当来自通气口223的气流冲击后盖13时，后盖13中心区域的挠度较大，因而会形成较大的形变，由此产生较大的振幅。因此，在后盖13的中部区域设置柔性吸音件4，一方面，柔性吸音件4会直接对气流进行缓冲，使气流的能量得到衰减，减少气流在该部位的冲击力；另一方面，设置在后盖13中部区域的柔性吸音件4可以支撑在后盖13中部区域的内壁上，使后盖13的该部分区域得到支撑，这样抑制了后盖13中部区域的振动趋势，且改变了后盖13的固有频率，使其远离气流振动频率，以此来使后盖13的振动得以减小。
当柔性吸音件4设置在后盖13内壁上时，柔性吸音件4的背离后盖13内壁的一侧表面，可以和壳体1内部的不同部件和结构相互接触。在一种可选的结构形式中，支架组件3中所包含的电路元件包括用于为移动终端供电的电池32，电池32设置在支架31上，且电池32面向后盖13的内壁，此时，柔性吸音件4即可设置在电池32和后盖13的内壁之间。
其中，为了向移动终端提供足够的电量，电池32一般会具有较大的尺寸和覆盖面积，这样电池32会占据移动终端壳体1中的较大空间。为了方便移动终端中其它部件和结构的排布，电池32可以设置在移动终端的中部区域，同时移动终端的电池32一般为长方体等较为规则的结构，且设置方向和移动终端的壳体1方向可以保持一致，即电池32的长度和宽度方向与移动终端壳体1的长度及宽度方向相同，而电池32的厚度方向和壳体1的厚度方向相同，这样电池32在移动终端的壳体1内部会占据较为规整的空间，便于壳体1内部其它部件的设置。
由上述可知，电池32会占据移动终端壳体1内部的中部区域，且具有较大的覆盖面积。因而相应的，可以将柔性吸音件4设置在电池32和后盖13的内壁之间。此时，柔性吸音件4可以被夹持在电池32外壁和后盖13的内壁之间。由于电池32的外壁具有较为平整，且面积较大的平面，因而柔性吸音件4可以相应的具有较为均匀一致的厚度，并对后盖13内壁进行稳固支撑。
为了让柔性吸音件4具有较好的缓冲和吸音效果，柔性吸音件4应具有较大的覆盖面积和范围。当柔性吸音件4对应电池32设置时，可选的，可以让柔性吸音件4覆盖电池32的面向后盖13内壁的一面。
此时，电池32的面向后盖13内壁的一面可以为矩形面，且电池32的该面具有较大的尺寸和面积，因而电池32会在移动终端的背侧占据较大的面积比例。而相应的，位于壳体1内腔11中的柔性吸音件4至少会覆盖该矩形面，从而在壳体1的内腔11内形成较大的缓冲和保护区域。这样壳体1内腔11中的较大部分区域都可以得到柔性吸音件4的覆盖，从而让柔性吸音件4实现较好的缓冲和减振功能。
其中，需要说明的是，由于壳体1的内腔11主要由后盖13和中框14等结构围成，因 而柔性吸音件4在壳体1内腔11中的覆盖范围最大一般不会超过后盖13的面积和范围，即柔性吸音件4的大小会小于后盖13的大小和覆盖面积，且柔性吸音件4的形状一般会和后盖13的形状相匹配，同样在背侧呈矩形等较为规整的形状。
此外，根据壳体1内腔11的构造和形状的不同，柔性吸音件4还可以具有其它不同的结构和设置方式，此处不再赘述。
图10是本申请实施例提供的移动终端内部设置有柔性吸音件时的振动状态示意图。如图10所示，其具体示出了当移动终端内部设置有吸音泡棉作为柔性吸音件4时，在柔性吸音件4的缓冲作用下，壳体1的实际振幅。其中，壳体1的后盖13由于跨度较大，后盖13的中部区域会产生较大的振幅，而通过在后盖13处设置柔性吸音件4，即可减小后盖13的振幅。如图10所示，当气流冲击频率接近400Hz时，后盖13会产生共振，其最大振幅(位移)大概仅为0.015mm至0.017mm左右，这样后盖13的振幅较小，其振动得以缓解。
本实施例中，扬声器组件2中的后音腔222为开放或半开放式音腔，其具有面积较大的通气口223。当通气口223具有不同的结构和横截面积时，扬声器组件2的发声特性会相应改变。例如，通气口223具有不同的横截面积时，扬声器组件2会具有不同的声阻。因而，可以通过在通气口223处设置调节结构，从而对扬声器组件2的出声特性进行调节。
图11是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中扬声器组件的爆炸示意图。如图11所示，此时，作为一种可选的通气口223结构，通气口223上可以设置有防尘网2231。防尘网2231具有密布的滤眼或网孔，因而可以通过采用不同的防尘网2231形式，例如设置不同的网孔直径，来改变通气口223的结构和横截面积，相应调节扬声器组件2在发声时的声阻等声学指标，从而改善移动终端的出音效果。而同时，防尘网2231也可以用于隔档灰尘等杂物，使扬声器组件2的后音腔222和壳体1的内腔11相互隔离，避免扬声器组件2内部的音腔受到灰尘影响。
其中，防尘网2231可以采用多种方式设置在通气口223处，例如是采用卡接或者其它可拆卸方式连接在扬声器组件2上，或者是通过背胶2232直接粘接在通气口223上等，此处对于防尘网2231的具体设置方式不加以限制。
其中，需要说明的是，为了让扬声器组件2具有较大的音量和响度，通气口223的面积可以大于或等于10mm 2。本实施例中，通气口223的横截面积可以在17mm 2到18mm 2左右。
在利用柔性吸音件4来抑制和消除壳体1因扬声器组件2的气流所产生的振动时，也可以利用其它支撑和连接结构来加固对壳体1的支撑，以改变壳体1的振动频率，从而进一步减少壳体1的振动。其中，可以利用粘接剂或者其它连接结构来连接壳体1以及移动终端的其它结构，从而在壳体1的粘接处进行辅助支撑。
图12是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中胶粘物的分布示意图。图13是图12中胶粘物在移动终端壳体厚度方向上的设置示意图。如图12和图13所示，在其中一种可选的实施方式中，可以利用胶粘物来辅助连接壳体1和壳体1内部的支架组件3，从而利用支架组件3对壳体1进行辅助支撑。具体的，支架组件3和后盖13的内壁之间通过胶粘物5粘接，胶粘物5包括第一胶粘物51和第二胶粘物52中的至少一者，其中第一胶粘物51位于后盖13的边缘区域，而第二胶粘物52连接在扬声器组件2和后盖13之间。
当利用胶粘5物粘接壳体1的后盖13以及位于壳体1内部的支架组件3时，胶粘物5可以连接在后盖13的不同特定区域内。如上所述，胶粘物5中可以包括有第一胶粘物51或者是第二胶粘物52，其中，第一胶粘物51粘接在后盖13的边缘区域，并连接后盖13边缘区域和支架组件3，而第二胶粘物52则将扬声器组件2和后盖13连接在一起，这样利用胶粘物，可以增加后盖13与其它部件之间的连接，从而有利于提高整个后盖13的刚性和支撑强度，并改变壳体1的振动频率，使其远离扬声器组件2的声波和气流频率，从而减小壳体的振动。
为了固定和连接后盖13的不同部分，胶粘物5中包括分别粘接在后盖13不同区域的第一胶粘物51和第二胶粘物52，以下分别对于第一胶粘物51和第二胶粘物52的具体设置位置进行详细说明：
具体的，位于后盖13边缘区域的第一胶粘物51，可以连接后盖13的边缘区域，避免后盖13边缘区域在气流冲击下产生振动。由于柔性吸音件4可以位于后盖13的中部区域，因而第一胶粘物51可以和柔性吸音件4相互配合，并在后盖13的不同部位(中部和边缘)分别形成支撑点，从而支撑和固定后盖13的不同区域及部位。这样第一胶粘物51和柔性吸音件4组合使用，对于后盖13的支撑较为全面，能够有效减少后盖13的整体振动。
图14是本申请实施例提供的移动终端中后盖边缘区域的局部结构示意图。如图14所示，其中，作为一种可选的方式，当后盖13包括平面区域131和围绕在平面区域131周缘的弧面区域132时，第一胶粘物51可以设置在平面区域131上，且平面区域131与弧面区域132的交界线和第一胶粘物51相邻。此时，后盖13的平面区域131便于和第一胶粘物51粘接固定，且第一胶粘物51的粘接位置位于后盖13平面区域131的最外侧，因而第一胶粘物51对于后盖13的支撑效果较好。
其中，第一胶粘物51可以具有几种不同的形状及设置方式。例如，在第一种设置方式中，第一胶粘物51沿所述后盖13的周向环绕设置，从而围绕在后盖13的周缘，此时，整个后盖13的周向上均被第一胶粘物51所支撑，因而可达到较好的抗振动效果。其中，第一胶粘物51上可以设置有缺口，以避让移动终端中用于和壳体1外部连通的接口。
而在第二种设置方式中，第一胶粘物51可以为多个，且多个第一胶粘物51分别分布在后盖13周向上的不同方向。这样第一胶粘物51的分布较为分散，能够避让移动终端内部的其它部件和结构。其中，第一胶粘物51可以占据后盖13的至少三个不同方向，以实现对后盖13的稳固支撑。
而扬声器组件2在发声时，冲击气流由扬声器组件2的通气口223冲出，且扬声器组件2自身也可能在声音和气流作用下产生振动。而第二胶粘物52将扬声器组件2和后盖13连接在一起，相当于对扬声器组件2增加了支撑点，使得扬声器组件2在发声时，自身结构和壳体1会同步承受冲击和振动，从而有效减缓后盖13等壳体1结构以及扬声器组件2自身的振动。
当第二胶粘物52在粘接扬声器组件2及后盖13时，可选的，第二胶粘物52可以为多个，且设置在扬声器组件2的对角线部位，这样第二胶粘物52能够对扬声器组件2起到较好的支撑效果，避免扬声器的单侧出现较大振动。
其中，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，为了连接后盖13以及移动终端壳体1内部的部件，胶粘物的高度应大于移动终端壳体1内腔11的高度。具体的胶粘物的高度可以在 0.3mm左右。
而在形成胶粘物时，具体的，可以采用打胶或者点胶等操作方式，将液体粘接剂设置在后盖13上的相应部位，并通过固化而形成胶粘物。其中，胶粘物可以为常用的液态固定胶，例如是UV胶，或者本领域技术人员所熟知的可用于打胶或点胶操作的粘接剂等，此处不加以限制。
本实施例中，移动终端具体包括壳体和设置在壳体的内腔中的扬声器组件，扬声器组件包括扬声器单元和中空的容置腔体，扬声器单元设置在容置腔体内，并将容置腔体分为前音腔和后音腔，前音腔和壳体的出音孔连通，后音腔的腔壁开设有与内腔连通的通气口，壳体的内腔腔壁上设置有柔性吸音件。这样柔性吸音件能够对扬声器组件出音时的气流进行缓冲，从而减轻壳体的振动。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括壳体和设置在所述壳体的内腔中的扬声器组件，所述扬声器组件包括扬声器单元和中空的容置腔体，所述扬声器单元设置在所述容置腔体内，并将所述容置腔体分为前音腔和后音腔，所述前音腔和所述壳体的出音孔连通，所述后音腔的腔壁开设有与所述内腔连通的通气口，所述壳体的内腔腔壁上设置有柔性吸音件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端，其特征在于，还包括位于所述壳体内部的支架组件，所述支架组件包括支架和设置在所述支架上的电路元件，所述扬声器组件设置在所述支架组件上，所述柔性吸音件设置在所述支架组件和所述壳体的内壁之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件的相对两侧分别和所述支架组件和所述壳体的内壁抵接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述壳体的内壁和所述支架组件中的至少一者和所述柔性吸音件粘接。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件与所述通气口相邻设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述通气口面向所述柔性吸音件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述通气口面向所述柔性吸音件的侧方边缘；或者，所述通气口面向所述柔性吸音件的正面。
  8. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述壳体包括后盖，所述柔性吸音件和所述后盖的内壁贴合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件位于所述后盖的中部区域。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述电路元件包括电池，所述电池设置在所述支架上，且所述电池面向所述后盖的内壁，所述柔性吸音件设置在所述电池和所述后盖的内壁之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件覆盖所述电池的面向所述后盖内壁的一面。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件具有多孔状结构。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述柔性吸音件为吸音棉。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述通气口上覆盖有防尘网。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述通气口的面积大于或等于10mm 2。
  16. 根据权利要求8-11任一项所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述支架组件和所述后盖的内壁之间通过胶粘物粘接，所述胶粘物包括第一胶粘物和第二胶粘物中的至少一者，所述第一胶粘物位于所述后盖的边缘区域，所述第二胶粘物连接在所述扬声器组件和所述后盖之间。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述后盖包括平面区域和围绕 在所述平面区域周缘的弧面区域，所述第一胶粘物设置在所述平面区域上，且所述平面区域与所述弧面区域的交界线和所述第一胶粘物相邻。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述第一胶粘物沿所述后盖的周向环绕设置；或者，所述第一胶粘物为多个，且多个所述第一胶粘物分别分布在所述后盖周向上的不同方向。
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