WO2021051891A1 - 防碰撞装置及放疗设备 - Google Patents

防碰撞装置及放疗设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021051891A1
WO2021051891A1 PCT/CN2020/094465 CN2020094465W WO2021051891A1 WO 2021051891 A1 WO2021051891 A1 WO 2021051891A1 CN 2020094465 W CN2020094465 W CN 2020094465W WO 2021051891 A1 WO2021051891 A1 WO 2021051891A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collision
cover
fixing seat
collision cover
detection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/094465
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
聂子恒
Original Assignee
西安大医集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201921580260.5U external-priority patent/CN211611358U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910895139.XA external-priority patent/CN112535814A/zh
Application filed by 西安大医集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 西安大医集团股份有限公司
Priority to US17/609,910 priority Critical patent/US11963804B2/en
Publication of WO2021051891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021051891A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/10—Safety means specially adapted therefor
    • A61B6/102—Protection against mechanical damage, e.g. anti-collision devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1064—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
    • A61N5/1065—Beam adjustment
    • A61N5/1067—Beam adjustment in real time, i.e. during treatment

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an anti-collision device and radiotherapy equipment.
  • Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical treatment are the three common methods in the current cancer treatment process. Approximately 70% of cancer patients require radiation therapy in the process of cancer treatment. Approximately 40% of cancers can be cured by radiation therapy.
  • Radiotherapy equipment is usually divided into two types: head tumor radiotherapy equipment and body tumor radiotherapy equipment. Most of the head tumor radiotherapy equipment uses a rotatable collimator of a hemispherical cavity or a cone-shaped cavity as the irradiation treatment cavity.
  • an anti-collision device in one aspect, includes an anti-collision cover and a detection part.
  • the detection part is arranged outside the bottom end of the anti-collision cover along the axial direction of the anti-collision cover, and there is an axial gap between the detection part and the anti-collision cover.
  • the detection unit is configured to collect a trigger signal, and output a collision signal according to the trigger signal; the trigger signal includes a mechanical trigger signal or an electromagnetic trigger signal generated when the axial gap is reduced to a target value .
  • the anti-collision device further includes a fixing seat and a first elastic part.
  • the fixing seat is located on a side of the detection part away from the anti-collision cover.
  • the first elastic part is respectively connected with the fixing seat and the anti-collision cover.
  • the first elastic portion is configured to buffer the first collision force of the anti-collision cover and reset the anti-collision cover.
  • the anti-collision device further includes a second elastic part.
  • the second elastic part is respectively connected with the fixing seat and the detection part.
  • the second elastic part is configured to buffer the second collision force of the anti-collision cover and reset the detection part.
  • the second collision force is less than the first collision force.
  • the first elastic portion includes: at least three first axial screws, and a first spring sleeved on each of the at least three first axial screws .
  • the anti-collision cover includes at least three first through holes. The at least three first through holes correspond to the at least three first axial screws in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the first axial screws passes through the corresponding first through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat. Two ends of each of the first springs respectively abut against the fixing seat and the anti-collision cover.
  • the detection part includes: a switch disk and a plurality of detection switches evenly distributed on the peripheral side of the switch disk.
  • the second elastic portion includes: at least three second axial screws, and a second spring sleeved on each of the at least three second axial screws.
  • the switch panel includes at least three second through holes. The at least three second through holes correspond to the at least three second axial screws in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the second axial screws passes through the corresponding second through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat. Two ends of each of the second springs respectively abut against the fixing seat and the switch plate.
  • the detection switch is a proximity switch or a micro switch.
  • the anti-collision device further includes a fixed rod and at least one signal line.
  • the at least one signal line is connected to the detection part.
  • the fixed rod is connected to the fixed seat and is located on a side of the fixed seat away from the collision guard.
  • the fixing rod includes a third through hole arranged along the axial direction of the fixing rod. The at least one signal line is led out through the third through hole.
  • the anti-collision device further includes: a signal line plug.
  • the signal wire plug is arranged at an end of the fixing rod away from the fixing seat, and is connected to the at least one signal wire.
  • the anti-collision device further includes a spacer sleeve sleeved on the fixed rod.
  • the spacer sleeve is in contact with the end surface of the fixing seat away from the anti-collision cover, and is configured to match the body to define the distance between the fixing seat and the collimating body.
  • the anti-collision device further includes: an adjustment part sleeved on the fixed rod.
  • the adjustment part is located at the end of the fixing rod far away from the fixing seat, and is configured to match the body to adjust the distance between the anti-collision cover and the collimating body.
  • the radiotherapy equipment includes: a body, a collimator, and the anti-collision device described above.
  • the collimating body is rotatably connected with the body.
  • the anti-collision device is located in the collimator body and is fixedly connected to the body.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anti-collision device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic side view of an anti-collision device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjusting part provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a radiotherapy device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of some embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality” means two or more than two.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • installation e.g., it may be a fixed connection or It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • head tumor radiotherapy equipment is used to perform radiotherapy on patients whose lesions are located on the head.
  • the patient's body lies supine on the three-dimensional treatment bed, and the patient's head is fixed by the headrest positioning device.
  • the three-dimensional treatment bed can be controlled according to the set treatment plan and electrical control instructions, and the patient's lesion can be sent to the center of the radiation focal point, thereby performing fixed-point irradiation treatment on the patient's lesion.
  • the inner cavity of the collimator in the radiotherapy equipment is the irradiation treatment cavity.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an anti-collision device, which is applied to the radiotherapy equipment 1000.
  • the radiotherapy equipment 1000 includes: a body 100, a collimator 200, and an anti-collision device 300.
  • the collimating body 200 and the body 100 are rotatably connected.
  • the anti-collision device 300 is located in the collimating body 200 and is fixedly connected to the body 100.
  • the structure of the body 100 and the collimating body 200 can be selected and set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the anti-collision device 300 includes an anti-collision cover 20 and a detection unit 30.
  • the detection part 30 is arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the anti-collision cover 20 along the axial direction of the anti-collision cover 20 (the X-X direction in FIG. 1 ).
  • There is an axial gap between the detection portion 30 and the anti-collision cover 20 e.g., the gap along the X-X' direction in FIG. 1).
  • the axial clearance is relatively small and is not shown in the figure.
  • the aforementioned anti-collision cover 20 is located in the collimating body 200 of the radiotherapy device 1000, and the contour shape of the anti-collision cover 20 is consistent with the shape of the cavity of the collimating body 200.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimator 200 are arranged coaxially.
  • the collimating body 200 is rotatably connected to the body 100, and the axis of the collimating body 200 is its rotation centerline.
  • the detection unit 30 is arranged outside the bottom end of the anti-collision cover 20 along the axial direction of the anti-collision cover 20, which can prevent the collision between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collision cover 20 in the radial direction (for example, the Y-Y' direction in FIG. 1).
  • the installation space of the detecting part 30 is reserved between the collimating bodies 200, so that the radial gap between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200 can be appropriately reduced, so as to avoid further reducing the limited treatment due to the installation of the detecting part 30 Cavity space.
  • the detection unit 30 is configured to collect a trigger signal, and output a collision signal according to the trigger signal.
  • the trigger signal includes a mechanical trigger signal or an electromagnetic trigger signal generated when the axial gap between the detection portion 30 and the anti-collision cover 20 is reduced to a target value.
  • the reduction in the axial gap between the detection portion 30 and the anti-collision cover 20 means that the anti-collision cover 20 is axially displaced toward the detection portion 30 under the action of an external force.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 collides with the patient or the patient's headrest positioning device, etc., and the anti-collision cover 20 is deformed or moved to the side where the detection part 30 is under the action of external force, so that when the detection part 30 and the anti-collision cover
  • the detection unit 30 can collect the resulting trigger signal and output a collision signal according to the trigger signal to control the rotation of the straight body 200.
  • the target value can be selected and set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes a fixing seat 10 and a first elastic portion 40.
  • the fixing seat 10 is located on a side of the detecting portion 30 away from the collision avoidance cover 20.
  • the first elastic portion 40 is connected to the fixing base 10 and the anti-collision cover 20 respectively.
  • the first elastic portion 40 is configured to buffer the first collision force of the anti-collision cover 20 (that is, the force received by the anti-collision cover 20 due to its collision with a foreign object), and to reset the anti-collision cover 20.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 is fixed on the body 100 of the radiotherapy device 1000 through the fixing seat 10. In this way, when the collimating body 200 rotates, the anti-collision cover 20 and the body 100 remain relatively stationary.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 is connected to the fixing base 10 through the first elastic portion 40, so that when the anti-collision cover 20 receives the first external impact force, the first elastic portion 40 is used to buffer the anti-collision cover 20.
  • the first collision force is not only able to protect the anti-collision cover 20, but also to gain time for the control response of the corresponding collimator 200, thereby avoiding a serious collision between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200, thereby enabling Effectively reduce the safety risks of patients during radiotherapy.
  • the use of the first elastic portion 40 can also ensure that the anti-collision cover 20 is reset after the first external force of the collision is eliminated, that is, the anti-collision cover 20 rebounds to the initial position before the force, thereby facilitating the lowering of the anti-collision device. Times used.
  • the detection unit 30 includes: a switch disk 301 and a plurality of detection switches 302 evenly distributed around the switch disk 301.
  • a plurality of detection switches 302 are evenly arranged on the peripheral side of the switch disk 301, which can be triggered when the axial gap between the anti-collision cover 20 and the plurality of detection switches 302 is reduced to a target value.
  • a detection switch 302 is used to control the rotation of the straight body 200 by using the plurality of detection switches 302 to output collision signals.
  • the structure and number of the detection switches 302 can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the number of detection switches 302 is not less than four.
  • the trigger signal collected by the detection unit 30 is a mechanical trigger signal or an electromagnetic trigger signal is related to the structure of the detection unit 30.
  • the detection switch 302 is a proximity switch, such as an electromagnetic proximity switch.
  • the proximity switch senses that the axial gap between the anti-collision cover 20 and the proximity switch is less than or equal to the target value, the proximity switch is triggered, that is, the detection unit 30 collects an electromagnetic trigger signal.
  • the detection switch 302 is a micro switch, such as a mechanical micro switch; the contact of the micro switch faces the anti-collision cover 20.
  • the micro switch is triggered, that is, the detection unit 30 collects a mechanical trigger signal.
  • the collision signal output by the detection unit 30 according to the trigger signal is usually in the form of an electrical signal.
  • the set target value is 0.1 cm
  • the electrical signal that the detection unit 30 can output is 0 (low level) or 1 (high level).
  • each detection switch 302 of the detection unit 30 is a normally open signal, that is, each detection switch 302 is in an off state in an untriggered state.
  • the detection switches 302 are connected in parallel, and are judged with respect to a logical OR. In this way, when the distance between the anti-collision cover 20 and each detection switch 302 is greater than 0.1 cm, each detection switch 302 in the detection unit 30 is not triggered and outputs an electrical signal 0 to maintain the control circuit of the collimator 200 as a path , Thereby controlling the normal rotation of the collimator 200.
  • the detection unit 30 When the distance between the anti-collision cover 20 and each detection switch 302 is less than or equal to 0.1 cm (including the anti-collision cover 20 pressing each detection switch 302, that is, the distance between the two is 0 cm), the detection unit 30 Any detection switch 302 is triggered and outputs an electrical signal 1 to warn that a collision has occurred or is about to occur, so that the control circuit of the collimator 200 can be turned off to control the collimator 200 to stop rotating.
  • each detection switch 302 of the detection unit 30 is a normally closed signal, that is, each detection switch 302 is in a closed state in an untriggered state.
  • Each detection switch 302 is connected in series, and is judged with respect to the logical “AND”. In this way, when the distance between the anti-collision cover 20 and each detection switch 302 is greater than 0.1 cm, each detection switch 302 in the detection unit 30 is not triggered and outputs an electrical signal 1 to maintain the control circuit of the collimator 200 as a path , Thereby controlling the normal rotation of the collimator 200.
  • the detection unit 30 Any detection switch 302 of is triggered and outputs an electrical signal 0 to warn that a collision has occurred or is about to occur, so that the control circuit of the collimator 200 can be turned off to control the collimator 200 to stop rotating.
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes a second elastic portion 50.
  • the detection part 30 is connected to the fixing base 10 through the second elastic part 50.
  • the second elastic portion 50 is configured to buffer the second collision force of the anti-collision cover 20 (that is, the force received by the anti-collision cover 20 due to its collision with a foreign object), and to reset the detection unit 30. Wherein, the force of the second collision is less than the force of the first collision.
  • the functions of the second elastic part 50 and the first elastic part 40 are similar, and both can buffer the impact force of the anti-collision cover 20.
  • the difference between the two is that the installation position is different and the magnitude of the force that can be buffered is different. That is to say, the anti-collision device is provided with a secondary buffer reset structure. Since the second collision force that can be buffered by the second elastic portion 50 is less than the first collision force that can be buffered by the first elastic portion 40, the collision-preventing cover 20 and the foreign object (such as the patient or the patient's head frame positioning At the beginning of a collision, the second elastic part 50 is preferentially triggered to buffer the second collision force of the anti-collision cover 20 at the first level. Then, when the force of the foreign object on the anti-collision cover 20 is greater than the second collision force, the first elastic part 40 is continuously triggered to buffer the first collision force of the anti-collision cover 20 in the second level.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure are provided with the first elastic part 40 and the second elastic part 50 in the anti-collision device, which can buffer the force of the anti-collision cover 20 when the anti-collision cover 20 collides with a foreign object. , Thereby further gaining time for the control response of the collimator 200 to avoid a serious collision between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimator 200, thereby effectively improving the safety of the radiotherapy equipment and further reducing the patient's radiotherapy process Security risks in the.
  • the first elastic portion 40 and the second elastic portion 50 are configured to buffer the impact force of the anti-collision cover 20, and the structure can be selected according to actual requirements, such as a force relief structure or an elastic structure that can buffer the force.
  • the first elastic portion 40 includes: at least three first axial screws 401, and each of the at least three first axial screws 401 A first spring 402 on an axial screw 401.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 is provided with first through holes H1 corresponding to the at least three first axial screws 401 one-to-one.
  • Each first axial screw 401 passes through the corresponding first through hole H1 and is fixedly connected to the fixing base 10. Two ends of each first spring 402 abut against the fixing seat 10 and the anti-collision cover 20 respectively.
  • the number and location of the first through holes H1 on the anti-collision cover 20 are selected and set according to actual requirements.
  • the number of the first axial screw 401 corresponds to the first through hole H1, and the structure of the first axial screw 401 is selected and set according to actual requirements.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure use the above-mentioned at least three first-axis screws 401 to stably support the anti-collision cover 20 on a plane surface before the anti-collision cover 20 is not displaced by collision.
  • the screw portion of the first axial screw 401 has a stepped columnar structure with thin ends and thick middle.
  • the fine end of the first axial screw 401 away from the head is provided with threads, and is threadedly connected with the fixing base 10.
  • the thin end of the first axial screw 401 close to the head is set as a polished rod, and there is an interval between the corresponding first through hole H1, and the size of the interval is related to the safe movement margin allowed by the anti-collision cover 20.
  • the difference between the diameter of the first through hole H1 and the diameter of the thin end close to the head of the corresponding first axial screw 401 is greater than or equal to the safe movement allowance allowed by the collision cover 20.
  • the allowable safety movement margin of the anti-collision cover 20 is 5 mm, that is, after a foreign object collides with the anti-collision cover 20 to before the collimator 200 stops rotating, the anti-collision cover 20 can be at most along the radial direction of the first through hole H1 Move 5mm.
  • the difference between the diameter of the first through hole H1 and the diameter of the thin end close to the head of the corresponding first axial screw 401 is greater than or equal to 5 mm, which can gain time for the control response of the collimator 200, thereby Avoid serious collisions between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200.
  • the two ends of the first spring 402 sleeved on each of the first axial screws 401 respectively abut against the fixing seat 10 and the anti-collision cover 20, so that the collimating body reaches the collimating body after the foreign object collides with the anti-collision cover 20
  • the anti-collision cover 20 can follow the direction of its force to move in an indefinite direction or swing at a small angle relative to the fixed seat 10.
  • the detection unit 30 includes: a switch disk 301 and a plurality of detection switches 302 evenly distributed around the switch disk 301.
  • the second elastic portion 50 includes: at least three second axial screws 501 and a second spring 502 sleeved on each of the at least three second axial screws 501.
  • the switch plate 301 is provided with second through holes H2 corresponding to the at least three second axial screws 501 one-to-one.
  • Each second axial screw 501 passes through the corresponding second through hole H2 and is fixedly connected to the fixing base 10. Two ends of each second spring 502 abut against the fixing base 10 and the switch plate 301 respectively.
  • the number of the second through holes H2 on the switch panel 301 and the setting positions thereof are selected and set according to actual requirements.
  • the number of the second axial screw 501 corresponds to the second through hole H2, and the structure of the second axial screw 501 is selected and set according to actual requirements.
  • the screw portion of the second axial screw 501 has a stepped columnar structure with thin ends and thick middle.
  • the fine end of the second axial screw 501 away from the head is provided with threads, and is threadedly connected with the fixing base 10.
  • the thin end of the second axial screw 501 close to the head is a polished rod, and there is a gap between the second through hole H2 and the corresponding second through hole H2.
  • the switch disc 301 is floatingly connected to the fixed base 10, that is, the switch disc 301 can move in an indefinite direction or swing at a small angle relative to the fixed base 10.
  • the normal state of the installed first spring 402 and the second spring 502 is a compressed state. That is to say, the first spring 402 has an elastic force on the fixing base 10 and the anti-collision cover 20 at both ends, and the second spring 502 has an elastic force on the fixing base 10 and the switch disk 301 at both ends.
  • the elastic force of each of the first springs 402 and the elastic force of each of the second springs 502 can make the anti-collision cover 20 and the switch disk 301 bounce back to their pre-collision positions after being displaced by the collision.
  • the elastic force of the second spring 502 is slightly greater than the triggering force of the micro switch on the switch plate 301.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 preferentially compresses the contacts of the micro switch to its maximum stroke amount.
  • the anti-collision cover 20 continues to compress the second spring 502, using the second spring 502
  • the compression margin buffers the impact force of the anti-collision cover 20, protects the micro switch, and gains time for the control response of the collimator 200 .
  • the compression margin of the first spring 402 is generally greater than or equal to the sum of the compression margin of the second spring 502 and the maximum stroke of the contact in the micro switch. In the case where the compression margin of the first spring 402 is greater than the sum of the compression margin of the second spring 502 and the maximum stroke of the contact in the micro switch, if the compression margin of the second spring 502 has been compressed, but The collision between the foreign object and the anti-collision cover 20 has not been able to disengage, then the anti-collision cover 20 can continue to compress the first spring 402, and the compression margin of the first spring 402 is used to buffer the collision force of the anti-collision cover 20. In this way, the micro switch is further protected, and further time is gained for the control response of the collimator 200.
  • the body 100 in the radiotherapy device 1000 has a relatively large volume and a relatively complicated structure.
  • the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure do not show all the structures of the radiotherapy device 1000, and only illustrate the partial structures thereof.
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes a fixing rod 60 connected to the fixing base 10.
  • the fixing rod 60 is located on the side of the fixing seat 10 away from the collision shield 20.
  • the length of the fixing rod 60 is selected and set according to actual requirements, and the fixing rod 60 is fixedly connected to the fixing base 10, for example, by a plurality of fastening screws 601 arranged radially along the fixing rod 60.
  • the anti-collision device 300 can be fixed to the body 100 through the fixing base 10 and the fixing rod 60.
  • the body 100 of the above-mentioned radiotherapy equipment 1000 is usually provided with a control system, and the detection unit 30 outputs a collision signal to the control system, and the control system can control the rotation of the collimator 200 according to the collision signal.
  • the structure of the control system and its setting location can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the fixed rod 60 adopts a hollow structure, and the fixed rod 60 includes a third through hole H3 arranged along its axial direction (for example, the X-X direction).
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes at least one signal wire 91 connected to the detection part 30, and the at least one signal wire 91 is led out from the hollow part of the fixing rod 60, that is, through the third through hole H3.
  • the aforementioned at least one signal line 91 is electrically connected to the pin of each detection switch 302 in the detection unit 30.
  • the detection switches 302 are connected in parallel, and the number of signal lines 91 is twice the number of detection switches 302. In other examples, the detection switches 302 are connected in series, the number of signal lines 91 is two, the wiring is small, and the structure is simple.
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes a signal line plug 90.
  • the signal line plug 90 is disposed at the end of the fixing rod 60 away from the fixing base 10 and is connected to the signal line 91.
  • one end of the signal line plug 90 is connected to the signal line 91, and the other end is connected to the control system.
  • the signal line plug 90 and the end of the fixed rod 60 adopt a plug-in connection, such as a threaded plug-in connection, which can ensure the speed and maintenance of the signal line plug 90 and the signal line 91 in terms of installation and maintenance. Convenience.
  • the anti-collision device 300 further includes: a spacer 70 sleeved on the fixed rod 60.
  • the spacer 70 is in contact with the end surface of the fixing base 10 away from the anti-collision cover 20 and is configured to match the body 100 to limit the distance between the fixing base 10 and the collimating body 200.
  • the size of the spacer 70 (such as wall thickness, outer wall diameter, axial length, etc.) can be selected and set according to actual requirements.
  • the collimating body 200 and the body 100 are rotatably connected.
  • the spacer 70 is used to define the gap between the fixing base 10 and the body 100, which can ensure that there is a sufficient gap between the fixing base 10 and the collimating body 200, thereby preventing the fixing base 10 and the collimating body 200 from being in contact with each other. Interference occurs in the case of relative movement, which helps to improve the reliability of the radiotherapy equipment.
  • the anti-collision device further includes an adjustment portion 80 sleeved on the fixed rod 60.
  • the adjusting part 80 is located at the end of the fixing rod 60 far away from the fixing seat 10, and the adjusting part 80 is configured to match the body 100 to adjust the distance between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200.
  • the structure of the adjusting part 80 can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the adjustment part 80 includes a fixing frame 801, a lock nut 802 and a plurality of fastening bolts 803.
  • the fixing frame 801 is sleeved on the fixing rod 60 and can move relative to the fixing rod 60.
  • the lock nut 802 is used to lock and fix the fixing frame 801 and the fixing rod 60.
  • At least two mounting holes H4 are provided on the end of the fixing frame 801 that is separated from the fixing rod 60.
  • the fastening bolt 803 passes through the corresponding mounting hole H4, and the fixing frame 801 can be fixed to the body 100 of the radiotherapy device 1000.
  • the first through hole H1, the second through hole H2, the third through hole H3, and the mounting hole H4 may be straight holes or stepped holes, etc., respectively.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this, and the settings are selected according to actual needs.
  • the contour shape of the anti-collision cover 20 is consistent with the shape of the cover cavity of the collimator 200, and the central axis of the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimator 200 are usually located on the same straight line.
  • the adjusting portion 80 sleeved on the fixed rod 60 can adjust the distance between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200 correspondingly, so as to prevent the collision between the anti-collision cover 20 and the collimating body 200 from occurring. Interference occurs in the case of relative movement, which is conducive to further improving the reliability of the radiotherapy equipment.
  • the anti-collision device described in some of the above embodiments exists as an independent device, and its components can be assembled and debugged offline, and then directly installed on the body 100 of the radiotherapy equipment. Therefore, the system integration and convenience of the radiotherapy equipment are improved, the assembly and maintenance time of the radiotherapy equipment can be greatly shortened, and the irradiation time of the engineering service personnel in the ray state can be reduced.
  • the radiotherapy equipment 1000 includes a body 100, a collimator 200 rotatably connected to the body 100, and the anti-collision device as described in some of the above embodiments.
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the radiotherapy equipment are the same as those achieved by the anti-collision devices provided in some of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种防碰撞装置（300）及放疗设备（1000）。该防碰撞装置（300），包括防碰撞罩（20）和检测部（30）。该检测部（30）沿该防碰撞罩（20）的轴线方向设置于该防碰撞罩（20）的底端的外侧，且该检测部（30）与该防碰撞罩（20）之间具有轴向间隙。该检测部（30）配置为采集触发信号，并根据该触发信号输出碰撞信号；该触发信号包括在该轴向间隙减小至目标值的情况下产生的机械式触发信号或电磁式触发信号。

Description

防碰撞装置及放疗设备
本申请要求于2019年9月20日提交的、申请号为201910895139.X以及201921580260.5的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及医疗设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种防碰撞装置及放疗设备。
背景技术
放射治疗、化学药物治疗和手术治疗是现阶段癌症治疗过程中常见的三大手段。大约70％的癌症患者在治疗癌症的过程中需要使用放射治疗。大约40％的癌症可以通过放射治疗根治。放射治疗设备通常分为头部肿瘤放疗设备及体部肿瘤放疗设备两类。头部肿瘤放疗设备大多采用半球型腔或锥筒型腔的可转动的准直体作为辐照治疗腔。
发明内容
一方面，提供了一种防碰撞装置。所述防碰撞装置，包括防碰撞罩和检测部。所述检测部沿所述防碰撞罩的轴线方向设置于所述防碰撞罩的底端的外侧，且所述检测部与所述防碰撞罩之间具有轴向间隙。所述检测部配置为采集触发信号，并根据所述触发信号输出碰撞信号；所述触发信号包括在所述轴向间隙减小至目标值的情况下产生的机械式触发信号或电磁式触发信号。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括固定座和第一弹性部。所述固定座位于所述检测部的背离所述防碰撞罩的一侧。所述第一弹性部与所述固定座、所述防碰撞罩分别连接。所述第一弹性部配置为缓冲所述防碰撞罩的第一碰撞受力，并使所述防碰撞罩复位。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括第二弹性部。所述第二弹性部与所述固定座、所述检测部分别连接。所述第二弹性部配置为缓冲所述防碰撞罩的第二碰撞受力，并使所述检测部复位。所述第二碰撞受力小于所述第一碰撞受力。
在一些实施例中，所述第一弹性部包括：至少三个第一轴位螺钉、以及套设在所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉中每个第一轴位螺钉上的第一弹簧。所述防碰撞罩包括至少三个第一通孔。所述至少三个第一通孔与所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉一一对应。所述每个第一轴位螺钉穿过对应的第一通孔与所述固定座固定连接。每个所述第一弹簧的两端分别与所述固定座及所述防碰撞罩相抵靠。
在一些实施例中，所述检测部包括：开关盘、以及均匀分布在所述开关盘周侧的多个检测开关。所述第二弹性部包括：至少三个第二轴位螺钉、以及套设在所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉中每个第二轴位螺钉上的第二弹簧。所述开关盘包括至少三个第二通孔。所述至少三个第二通孔与所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉一一对应。所述每个第二轴位螺钉穿过对应的第二通孔与所述固定座固定连接。每个所述第二弹簧的两端分别与所述固定座及所述开关盘相抵靠。
在一些实施例中，所述检测开关为接近开关或微动开关。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括：固定杆和至少一条信号线。所述至少一条信号线与所述检测部连接。所述固定杆与所述固定座连接，且位于所述固定座的远离所述防碰撞罩的一侧。所述固定杆包括沿其轴线方向设置的第三通孔。所述至少一条信号线穿过所述第三通孔引出。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括：信号线插头。所述信号线插头设置于所述固定杆的远离所述固定座的端部，且与所述至少一条信号线连接。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括：套设在固定杆上的隔套。所述隔套与所述固定座的远离所述防碰撞罩的端面接触，配置为与机体匹配，以限定固定座与准直体之间的间距。
在一些实施例中，所述防碰撞装置还包括：套设在固定杆上的调节部。所述调节部位于所述固定杆的远离所述固定座的端部，配置为与机体匹配，以调节防碰撞罩与准直体之间的间距。
另一方面，提供了一种放疗设备。所述放疗设备，包括：机体、准直体、以及如上所述的防碰撞装置。所述准直体与所述机体可转动连接。所述防碰撞装置位于所述准直体内且与所述机体固定连接。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开一些实施例中的技术方案，下面将对一些实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的一种防碰撞装置的剖视示意图；
图2为本公开一些实施例提供的一种防碰撞装置的局部的侧视示意图；
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的一种调节部的剖视示意图；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的一种放疗设备的局部的剖视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开一些实施例中的附图，对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的一些实施例，本领域普通技术人员所能获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开一些实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开的一些实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开一些实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开一些实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是 可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以视具体情况理解上述术语在本公开一些实施例中的具体含义。
相关技术中，采用头部肿瘤放疗设备，可以对病灶位于头部的患者进行放射治疗。在对患者进行放射治疗的过程中，患者的身体仰卧于三维治疗床上，患者的头部通过头架定位装置固定。如此，按照设定的治疗计划及电气控制指令控制三维治疗床，可以将患者的病灶送至辐射焦点中心，从而对患者的病灶执行定点的照射治疗。
在每次的放射治疗过程中，放疗设备中准直体的内腔为辐照治疗腔。通过控制三维治疗床的运动以更换不同的位置(即自动摆位)，可以实现多靶点的照射治疗，并提高靶点的定位精度，减少治疗辅助时间。
然而，当患者的病灶处于较偏的位置时，若规划治疗空间的计算出现失误、或三维治疗床的运动控制系统出错等原因，容易使得三维治疗床的实际运动轨迹超出辐照治疗腔的空间，导致患者的头架定位装置误碰准直体的内腔壁，对患者造成不必要的损伤。
基于此，请参阅图1和图4，本公开一些实施例提供了一种防碰撞装置，应用于放疗设备1000。放疗设备1000包括：机体100、准直体200和防碰撞装置300。准直体200与机体100可转动连接。防碰撞装置300位于准直体200内且与机体100固定连接。
机体100和准直体200的结构可根据实际需求选择设置，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
防碰撞装置300包括防碰撞罩20和检测部30。检测部30沿防碰撞罩20的轴线方向(如图1中X-X方向)设置于防碰撞罩20的底端的外侧。检测部30与防碰撞罩20之间具有轴向间隙(例如图1中沿X-X’方向的间隙)。该轴向间隙较小，图中未示出。
上述防碰撞罩20位于放疗设备1000的准直体200内，防碰撞罩20的轮廓外形与准直体200的罩腔形状吻合。防碰撞罩20与准直体200同轴线设置。准直体200与机体100可转动连接，准直体200的轴线为其转动中心线。
本公开实施例将检测部30沿防碰撞罩20的轴线方向设置于防碰撞罩20的底端的外侧，可以避免沿径向方向(例如图1中Y-Y’方向)在防碰撞罩20和准直体200之间预留检测部30的安装空间，从而能够适度减小防碰撞罩20与准直体200之间的径向间隙，以避免因检测部30的安装而进一步缩减有限的治疗腔内空间。
上述检测部30配置为采集触发信号，并根据所述触发信号输出碰撞信号。所述触发信号包括在检测部30与防碰撞罩20之间的轴向间隙减小至目标值的情况下产生的机械式触发信号或电磁式触发信号。
此处，检测部30与防碰撞罩20之间的轴向间隙减小，是指防碰撞罩20在外力作用下向检测部30发生了轴向位移。例如，防碰撞罩20与患者或患者的头架定位装置等发生了碰撞，防碰撞罩20在外力的作用下变形或向检测部30所在的一侧运动，这样当检测部30与防碰撞罩20之间的轴向间隙减小至目标值时，检测部30便可以采集到由此而带来的触发信号，并根据该触发信号输出碰撞信号，以对准直体200的转动 进行控制，从而避免防碰撞罩20与准直体200发生碰撞，或在防碰撞罩20与准直体200碰撞的初时及时控制准直体200停止转动。目标值可以根据实际需求选择设置，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
请继续参阅图1和图4，在一些实施例中，防碰撞装置300还包括固定座10和第一弹性部40。固定座10位于检测部30的背离防碰撞罩20的一侧。第一弹性部40与固定座10、防碰撞罩20分别连接。第一弹性部40配置为缓冲防碰撞罩20的第一碰撞受力(也即防碰撞罩20因其与外物碰撞而受到的作用力)，并使防碰撞罩20复位。防碰撞罩20通过固定座10固定于放疗设备1000的机体100上。这样在准直体200转动的情况下，防碰撞罩20与机体100保持相对静止。
在本公开一些实施例中，防碰撞罩20通过第一弹性部40与固定座10连接，这样在防碰撞罩20受到第一碰撞外力作用的初时，利用第一弹性部40缓冲防碰撞罩20的第一碰撞受力，既能对防碰撞罩20进行保护，还能为对应的准直体200的控制响应赢取时间，从而避免防碰撞罩20与准直体200发生严重碰撞，进而能够有效降低患者在放射治疗过程中的安全风险。当然，利用第一弹性部40，还能在第一碰撞外力消除后，确保防碰撞罩20复位，也即使得防碰撞罩20反弹至受力前的初始位置，从而方便于防碰撞装置的下次使用。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图1和图2，检测部30包括：开关盘301、以及均匀分布在开关盘301周侧的多个检测开关302。本公开一些实施例在开关盘301的周侧均匀设置多个检测开关302，能够在防碰撞罩20与该多个检测开关302之间的轴向间隙减小至目标值的情况下触发该多个检测开关302，以利用该多个检测开关302输出碰撞信号对准直体200的转动进行控制。
此外，检测开关302的结构和数量，根据实际需求选择设置。示例性的，检测开关302的数量不小于四个。
需要补充的是，上述检测部30采集的触发信号为机械式触发信号，还是电磁式触发信号，与检测部30的结构相关。
在一些示例中，检测开关302为接近开关，例如电磁式接近开关。当防碰撞罩20向接近开关接近时，接近开关若感应到防碰撞罩20与其之间的轴向间隙小于或等于目标值，接近开关触发，也即检测部30采集到电磁式触发信号。
在另一些示例中，检测开关302为微动开关，例如机械式微动开关；所述微动开关的触头面向防碰撞罩20。当防碰撞罩20按压微动开关的触头时，微动开关触发，也即检测部30采集到机械式触发信号。
上述检测部30根据触发信号输出的碰撞信号，通常以电信号的方式存在。示例性的，设定目标值为0.1cm，检测部30能够输出的电信号为0(低电平)或1(高电平)。
在一些示例中，检测部30的各检测开关302的输出信号取常开信号，也即各检测开关302在未触发状态为断开状态。各检测开关302并联，相对于逻辑“或”判断。这样在防碰撞罩20与各检测开关302之间距离大于0.1cm的情况下，检测部30中的各检测开关302不被触发且输出电信号0，以保持准直体200的控制电路为通路，从而控制准直体200正常转动。在防碰撞罩20与各检测开关302之间距离小于或等于0.1cm(包括防碰撞罩20对各检测开关302进行按压，也即二者之间距离为0cm)的 情况下，检测部30中任一检测开关302被触发并输出电信号1，以报警提示发生碰撞或即将发生碰撞，从而能够关断准直体200的控制电路，以控制准直体200停止转动。
在另一些示例中，检测部30的各检测开关302的输出信号取常闭信号，也即各检测开关302在未触发状态为闭合状态。各检测开关302串联，相对于逻辑“与”判断。这样在防碰撞罩20与各检测开关302之间距离大于0.1cm的情况下，检测部30中的各检测开关302不被触发且输出电信号1，以保持准直体200的控制电路为通路，从而控制准直体200正常转动。在防碰撞罩20与各检测开关302之间距离小于或等于0.1cm(包括防碰撞罩20对各检测开关302进行按压，也即二者之间距离为0cm)的情况下，检测部30中的任一检测开关302被触发并输出电信号0，以报警提示发生碰撞或即将发生碰撞，从而能够关断准直体200的控制电路，以控制准直体200停止转动。
在一些实施例中，请继续参阅图1，防碰撞装置300还包括第二弹性部50。检测部30通过第二弹性部50与固定座10连接。第二弹性部50配置为缓冲防碰撞罩20的第二碰撞受力(也即防碰撞罩20因其与外物碰撞而受到的作用力)，并使检测部30复位。其中，所述第二碰撞受力小于所述第一碰撞受力。
此处，第二弹性部50和第一弹性部40的功能相似，均能够缓冲防碰撞罩20的碰撞受力，二者的区别在于设置位置不同、所能缓冲的受力大小不同。这也就是说，防碰撞装置中设置有二级缓冲复位结构。由于第二弹性部50所能缓冲的第二碰撞受力小于第一弹性部40所能缓冲的第一碰撞受力，因此，在防碰撞罩20与外物(例如患者或患者的头架定位装置等)碰撞的初时，优先触发第二弹性部50对防碰撞罩20的第二碰撞受力进行第一级缓冲。然后在外物对防碰撞罩20的作用力大于第二碰撞受力的情况下，继续触发第一弹性部40对防碰撞罩20的第一碰撞受力进行第二级缓冲。
由此，本公开一些实施例在防碰撞装置中设置第一弹性部40和第二弹性部50，能够针对防碰撞罩20与外物碰撞时防碰撞罩20的受力大小，逐级进行缓冲，从而进一步为准直体200的控制响应赢取时间，以避免防碰撞罩20与准直体200发生严重碰撞，进而有效提高了放疗设备的使用安全性，也能进一步降低患者在放射治疗过程中的安全风险。
上述第一弹性部40和第二弹性部50配置为缓冲防碰撞罩20的碰撞受力，其结构可以根据实际需求选择设置，例如能够缓冲受力的卸力结构或弹性结构等。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图1和图2，第一弹性部40包括：至少三个第一轴位螺钉401、以及套设在所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉401中每个第一轴位螺钉401上的第一弹簧402。防碰撞罩20上设有与所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉401一一对应的第一通孔H1。每个第一轴位螺钉401穿过对应的第一通孔H1与固定座10固定连接。每个第一弹簧402的两端分别与固定座10及防碰撞罩20相抵靠。
防碰撞罩20上第一通孔H1的数量及其设置位置，根据实际需求选择设置。第一轴位螺钉401的数量与第一通孔H1对应，第一轴位螺钉401的结构根据实际需求选择设置。本公开一些实施例利用上述至少三个第一轴位螺钉401，能够在防碰撞罩20未被碰撞移位之前对防碰撞罩20进行稳定的平面支撑。
可选的，第一轴位螺钉401的螺杆部呈两端细中间粗的台阶柱状结构。第一轴位 螺钉401的远离头部的细端设有螺纹，并与固定座10螺纹连接。第一轴位螺钉401的靠近头部的细端呈光杆设置，且与对应的第一通孔H1之间具有间隔，该间隔的大小与防碰撞罩20允许的安全运动余量相关。
示例性的，第一通孔H1的直径与对应第一轴位螺钉401的靠近头部的细端的直径的差值，大于或等于防碰撞罩20允许的安全运动余量。例如，防碰撞罩20允许的安全运动余量为5㎜，也即在外物碰撞防碰撞罩20之后至准直体200停止转动之前，防碰撞罩20能够沿第一通孔H1的径向最多移动5㎜。如此，第一通孔H1的直径与对应第一轴位螺钉401的靠近头部的细端的直径的差值大于或等于5㎜㎜，便能为准直体200的控制响应赢取时间，从而避免防碰撞罩20与准直体200发生严重碰撞。
在此基础上，套设在各第一轴位螺钉401上的第一弹簧402的两端分别与固定座10及防碰撞罩20相抵靠，使得在外物碰撞防碰撞罩20之后至准直体200停止转动之前，防碰撞罩20能够跟随其受力方向相对固定座10发生不定方向的平移或小角度摆动。
在一些实施例中，请继续参阅图1和图2，检测部30包括：开关盘301、以及均匀分布在开关盘301周侧的多个检测开关302。第二弹性部50包括：至少三个第二轴位螺钉501、以及套设在所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉501中每个第二轴位螺钉501上的第二弹簧502。其中，开关盘301上设有与所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉501一一对应的第二通孔H2。每个第二轴位螺钉501穿过对应的第二通孔H2与固定座10固定连接。每个第二弹簧502的两端分别与固定座10及开关盘301相抵靠。
开关盘301上第二通孔H2的数量及其设置位置，根据实际需求选择设置。第二轴位螺钉501的数量与第二通孔H2对应，第二轴位螺钉501的结构根据实际需求选择设置。本公开一些实施例利用上述至少三个第二轴位螺钉501，能够在开关盘301未被碰撞移位之前对开关盘301进行稳定的平面支撑。
可选的，第二轴位螺钉501的螺杆部呈两端细中间粗的台阶柱状结构。第二轴位螺钉501的远离头部的细端设有螺纹，并与固定座10螺纹连接。第二轴位螺钉501的靠近头部的细端呈光杆设置，且与对应的第二通孔H2之间具有间隔。
并且，套设在各第二轴位螺钉501上的第二弹簧502的两端分别与固定座10及开关盘301相抵靠。这样，开关盘301与固定座10浮动连接，也即开关盘301能够相对固定座10发生不定方向的平移或小角度摆动。
此外，在上述一些实施例中，安装完成的第一弹簧402和第二弹簧502的常态为压缩状态。这也就是说，第一弹簧402对其两端的固定座10和防碰撞罩20有弹力作用，第二弹簧502对其两端的固定座10和开关盘301有弹力作用。各第一弹簧402的弹力和各第二弹簧502的弹力，能够使得防碰撞罩20和开关盘301在被碰撞移位后反弹回碰撞前的位置。
在检测开关302采用微动开关的情况下，第二弹簧502的弹力略大于开关盘301上微动开关的触发力。在外物碰撞防碰撞罩20之后，防碰撞罩20优先压缩微动开关的触头至其最大行程量。若微动开关的触头已被压缩至其最大行程量，但外物与防碰撞罩20的碰撞尚未能脱开，那么防碰撞罩20继续压缩第二弹簧502，利用第二弹簧502的压缩余量(也即第二弹簧502还能被压缩的有效行程)对防碰撞罩20的碰撞受 力进行缓冲，可以对微动开关进行保护，并为准直体200的控制响应赢取时间。
第一弹簧402的压缩余量通常大于或等于第二弹簧502的压缩余量与微动开关中触头的最大行程量之和。在第一弹簧402的压缩余量大于第二弹簧502的压缩余量与微动开关中触头的最大行程量之和的情况下，若第二弹簧502的压缩余量已被压缩完，但外物与防碰撞罩20的碰撞尚未能脱开，那么防碰撞罩20还能继续压缩第一弹簧402，利用第一弹簧402的压缩余量对防碰撞罩20的碰撞受力进行缓冲，从而进一步对微动开关进行保护，并进一步为准直体200的控制响应赢取时间。
需要说明的是，放疗设备1000中的机体100体积较大，结构比较复杂。本公开实施例的附图中未给出放疗设备1000的全部结构，仅是针对其局部结构进行了示意。放疗设备1000未在附图中公开的部分可参见相关技术中的有关结构。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图1和图3，防碰撞装置300还包括与固定座10连接的固定杆60。固定杆60位于固定座10的远离防碰撞罩20的一侧。固定杆60的长度根据实际需求选择设置，固定杆60与固定座10固定连接，例如通过沿固定杆60径向设置的多个紧固螺钉601固定。防碰撞装置300通过固定座10、固定杆60能够与机体100进行固定。
上述放疗设备1000的机体100上通常设有控制系统，检测部30将碰撞信号输出至该控制系统，可以由该控制系统根据所述碰撞信号控制准直体200的转动。控制系统的结构及其设置位置，根据实际需求选择设置即可。
示例性的，固定杆60采用空心结构，固定杆60包括沿其轴线方向(例如X-X方向)设置的第三通孔H3。防碰撞装置300还包括与检测部30连接的至少一条信号线91，该至少一条信号线91从固定杆60的空心部分，也即穿过第三通孔H3引出。
上述至少一条信号线91与检测部30中各检测开关302的引脚电连接。在一些示例中，各检测开关302并联，信号线91的数量为检测开关302的数量的两倍。在另一些示例中，各检测开关302串联，信号线91的数量为两条，布线较少，结构简单。
在一些示例中，请参阅图3，防碰撞装置300还包括信号线插头90。信号线插头90设置于固定杆60的远离固定座10的端部，且与信号线91连接。
此处，信号线插头90的一端与信号线91连接，另一端与控制系统连接。
可选的，信号线插头90与固定杆60的端部采用插拔式连接，例如螺纹插拔式连接，能够保证信号线插头90和信号线91二者在安装及维护保养方面的快速性与便捷性。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图1和图4，防碰撞装置300还包括：套设在固定杆60上的隔套70。隔套70与固定座10的远离防碰撞罩20的端面接触，配置为与机体100匹配，以限定固定座10与准直体200之间的间距。此处，隔套70的尺寸(例如壁厚、外壁直径、轴向长度等)根据实际需求选择设置即可。
准直体200与机体100可转动连接，在准直体200相对机体100静止的情况下，准直体200与机体100的位置固定。本公开的一些实施例利用隔套70限定固定座10与机体100之间的间隙，能够确保固定座10与准直体200之间具有足够的间隙，从而避免固定座10与准直体200在发生相对运动的情况下出现干涉，有利于提高放疗设备的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3，防碰撞装置还包括套设在固定杆上60的调节部80。调节部80位于固定杆60的远离固定座10的端部，调节部80配置为与机体100匹配，以调节防碰撞罩20与准直体200之间的间距。
此处，调节部80的结构可以根据实际需求选择设置。示例性的，如图3所示，调节部80包括：固定架801、锁紧螺母802和多个紧固螺栓803。固定架801套设在固定杆60上，且可相对固定杆60移动。锁紧螺母802用于将固定架801与固定杆60锁紧固定。固定架801的选离固定杆60的端部设有至少两个安装孔H4。紧固螺栓803穿过对应的安装孔H4，可以将固定架801固定于放疗设备1000的机体100上。
可以理解的是，上述一些实施例中，第一通孔H1、第二通孔H2、第三通孔H3以及安装孔H4分别为直孔或台阶孔等，均可。本公开实施例对此不作限定，根据实际需求选择设置。
防碰撞罩20的轮廓外形与准直体200的罩腔形状吻合，防碰撞罩20与准直体200的中心轴线通常位于同一直线。本公开的一些实施例，利用套设在固定杆上60的调节部80，能够对应调节防碰撞罩20与准直体200之间的间距，从而避免防碰撞罩20与准直体200在发生相对运动的情况下出现干涉，有利于进一步提高放疗设备的使用可靠性。
值得一提的是，如上一些实施例所述的防碰撞装置作为独立的装置存在，其各组成零件可以在线下完成组装调试，然后直接安装于放疗设备的机体100上。从而提高了放疗设备的系统集成性和便捷性，能够极大的缩短放疗设备的组装维护时间，并减少工程服务人员在射线状态下的辐照时间。
请参阅图4，本公开一些实施例提供了一种放疗设备1000。该放疗设备1000包括：机体100、与机体100可转动连接的准直体200、以及如上一些实施例所述的防碰撞装置。该放疗设备所能实现的有益效果，与上述一些实施例提供的防碰撞装置所能达到的有益效果相同，在此不做赘述。
在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种防碰撞装置，包括：
    防碰撞罩；以及
    检测部，所述检测部沿所述防碰撞罩的轴线方向设置于所述防碰撞罩的底端的外侧，且所述检测部与所述防碰撞罩之间具有轴向间隙；
    其中，所述检测部配置为采集触发信号，并根据所述触发信号输出碰撞信号；所述触发信号包括在所述轴向间隙减小至目标值的情况下产生的机械式触发信号或电磁式触发信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：
    固定座，位于所述检测部的背离所述防碰撞罩的一侧；
    第一弹性部，与所述固定座、所述防碰撞罩分别连接；所述第一弹性部配置为缓冲所述防碰撞罩的第一碰撞受力，并使所述防碰撞罩复位。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：
    第二弹性部，与所述固定座、所述检测部分别连接；所述第二弹性部配置为缓冲所述防碰撞罩的第二碰撞受力，并使所述检测部复位；
    其中，所述第二碰撞受力小于所述第一碰撞受力。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的防碰撞装置，其中，
    所述第一弹性部包括：至少三个第一轴位螺钉、以及套设在所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉中每个第一轴位螺钉上的第一弹簧；
    所述防碰撞罩包括至少三个第一通孔；所述至少三个第一通孔与所述至少三个第一轴位螺钉一一对应；
    所述每个第一轴位螺钉穿过对应的第一通孔与所述固定座固定连接；
    每个所述第一弹簧的两端分别与所述固定座及所述防碰撞罩相抵靠。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的防碰撞装置，其中，所述检测部包括：开关盘、以及均匀分布在所述开关盘周侧的多个检测开关；
    所述第二弹性部包括：至少三个第二轴位螺钉、以及套设在所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉中每个第二轴位螺钉上的第二弹簧；
    所述开关盘包括至少三个第二通孔；所述至少三个第二通孔与所述至少三个第二轴位螺钉一一对应；
    所述每个第二轴位螺钉穿过对应的第二通孔与所述固定座固定连接；
    每个所述第二弹簧的两端分别与所述固定座及所述开关盘相抵靠。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防碰撞装置，其中，所述检测开关为接近开关或微动开关。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：
    至少一条信号线，与所述检测部连接；
    固定杆，与所述固定座连接，且位于所述固定座的远离所述防碰撞罩的一侧；
    其中，所述固定杆包括沿其轴线方向设置的第三通孔，所述至少一条信号线穿过所述第三通孔引出。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：
    信号线插头，设置于所述固定杆的远离所述固定座的端部，且与所述至少一条信号线连接。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：套设在所述固定杆上的隔套；
    所述隔套与所述固定座的远离所述防碰撞罩的端面接触，配置为与机体匹配，以限定所述固定座与准直体之间的间距。
  10. 根据权利要求7～9任一项所述的防碰撞装置，还包括：套设在所述固定杆上的调节部；
    所述调节部位于所述固定杆的远离所述固定座的端部；所述调节部配置为与机体匹配，以调节所述防碰撞罩与准直体之间的间距。
  11. 一种放疗设备，包括：
    机体；
    准直体，与所述机体可转动连接；
    以及，如权利要求1～10任一项所述的防碰撞装置，所述防碰撞装置位于所述准直体内且与所述机体固定连接。
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