WO2021047343A1 - 一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021047343A1 WO2021047343A1 PCT/CN2020/108690 CN2020108690W WO2021047343A1 WO 2021047343 A1 WO2021047343 A1 WO 2021047343A1 CN 2020108690 W CN2020108690 W CN 2020108690W WO 2021047343 A1 WO2021047343 A1 WO 2021047343A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- the application relates to a DC line protection method and device of a DC distribution network, and belongs to the technical field of relay protection of a power system distribution network.
- the DC distribution network has the advantages of large transmission capacity, high power quality, good system stability, and easy access to distributed energy. It is limited in industrial parks, communication systems, and AC distribution networks. Widely used in scenarios such as load centers, integrated energy systems, and ship/aviation systems, the DC distribution network will become the development direction of the future distribution network.
- the DC distribution network has a variety of structures such as ring, radial, and two-end power distribution.
- the DC line protection of the DC distribution network mainly adopts single-ended protection based on overcurrent protection. Both sides of the DC line do not collect the relevant information of the opposite side. The protection function of the line on this side can only be based on the fault on this side. Information for simple fault identification. When a fault occurs outside the DC line area, the protection is prone to malfunction, resulting in a large-scale power outage of the system, which cannot meet the requirements of protection selectivity and system power supply reliability.
- the purpose of this application is to provide a DC line protection method and device for a DC distribution network, which is used to solve the problem that the existing DC line protection only considers the information on the local side, which causes the protection to easily malfunction.
- this application provides a DC line protection method for a DC distribution network.
- the steps are as follows:
- the current on the current side of the line is set to the positive direction; among them, for the positive line, the direction of the current on both sides of the line is the positive direction of the bus flowing into the line; for the negative line, the direction of the current on both sides of the line is the line flowing into the bus To set the positive direction;
- the DC line protection will act after the set time delay.
- this application also provides a DC line protection device for a DC distribution network, including a processor and a memory, and the processor is configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the following method:
- the current on the current side of the line is set to the positive direction; among them, for the positive line, the direction of the current on both sides of the line is the positive direction of the bus flowing into the line; for the negative line, the direction of the current on both sides of the line is the line flowing into the bus To set the positive direction;
- the DC line protection will act after the set time delay.
- the beneficial effect of this application is that the fault on the opposite side of the line is received to eliminate the fault on the opposite side of the line. If there is no fault on the opposite side of the line, it can be reliably judged whether there is a fault on this side of the line, and the line is effectively avoided. The fault on the opposite side causes the protection of the line on the side to malfunction.
- the set operating condition is that the current on the current side of the line> the current operating value of the current side and the duration is greater than Fault memory time, the voltage on this side of the line ⁇ the low voltage action setting value on this side.
- the method and device in order to improve the reliability of the line protection on the opposite side, it also includes: if the line protection start-up discrimination is satisfied, when the current on the line side is in the set opposite direction, a fault on the line side is sent to the line opposite side Start the reverse direction signal.
- the method further includes: blocking the DC line protection when a reverse direction signal is received for the fault on the line to the side of the line.
- the calculation formula for the line protection activation judgment is:
- I is the current on the current side of the line
- U is the voltage on the current side of the line
- I qd is the current start setting value for the current side
- U qd is the low voltage start setting value for the current side.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the DC line of the DC distribution network of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of the DC line protection method of the DC distribution network of the present application.
- the DC line of the DC distribution network After the AC system is converted to DC by inverter 1 and inverter 2, it is connected to the positive bus and the negative bus.
- the positive bus and the negative bus at both ends pass through the positive line.
- Break1 and Break2 are the circuit breakers at both ends of the positive line
- Break3 and Break4 are the circuit breakers at both ends of the negative line
- CT1 and CT2 are the analog measurement points at both ends of the positive line
- CT3 and CT4 are the analog measurement points at both ends of the negative line.
- Both ends of the positive line are equipped with DC line protection 1 and DC line protection 2 respectively, as protection units, and mutually send and receive GOOSE signals.
- the two ends of the negative line are respectively equipped with DC line protection 3 and DC line protection 4, which act as protection units and send and receive GOOSE signals to and from each other.
- this embodiment Based on (but not limited to) the above-mentioned DC line of the DC distribution network, this embodiment provides a DC line protection method for the DC distribution network. Both sides of the DC line receive the fault start of the opposite side according to the local analog information.
- the GOOSE signal in the reverse direction realizes the protection function of the DC line of the DC distribution network, and solves the problem that the current DC line protection of the DC distribution network is prone to malfunction.
- the logic diagram of the DC line protection method of the DC distribution network is shown in Figure 2, including the following steps:
- each analog measurement point of the line sends the collected voltage and current information on the local side of the line to the line protection unit on the local side.
- the starting element of each line protection unit performs fault current judgment, and in order to prevent the starting element from malfunctioning caused by the abnormal current sensor, the voltage condition is used to check, the corresponding calculation formula for the line protection starting judgment is:
- I is the current on the current side of the line
- U is the voltage on the current side of the line
- I qd is the current start setting value for the current side
- U qd is the low voltage start setting value for the current side.
- step (1) is only a specific implementation for determining whether the line protection is activated. As other implementations, other determination methods in the prior art can also be used, and will not be repeated here. .
- the blocking element of the protection unit on this side receives the GOOSE signal in the opposite direction from the fault on the opposite side of the line, and judges whether the fault occurs on this line.
- the GOOSE signal in the opposite direction of the fault on the opposite side of the line is 1, the fault current is the through current of the line, the fault point is not on this line, the output value of the blocking element is 1, the blocking element is activated, and the DC line protection is blocked.
- the protection unit on the local side will send out the "GOOSE open input abnormal" signal and block the DC line protection.
- condition 2 specify the positive direction of the current at both ends of the line.
- the direction of the current on both sides of the line is the positive direction of the bus flowing into the line, and the reverse direction of the line flowing into the bus;
- the direction of the current on both sides of the line is set as the positive direction when the line flows into the bus, and the reverse direction is set as the bus into the line.
- the starting element judges the direction of the current on the current side of the line, that is, the direction of the fault current on the side of the DC line, as shown in Figure 2.
- Send out the reverse direction signal for the fault on the current side of the line that is, when the following criteria are met, the protection unit sends out the reverse direction GOOSE signal for the fault on the current side of the DC line.
- the criteria are as follows:
- the fault memory element When
- I is the current on the current side of the line
- I set is the current operating setting value for the current side
- U is the voltage on the current side of the line
- U set is the low voltage operating setting value for the current side.
- the fault memory time T1 can be set in coordination with the inverter fault blocking time of the DC distribution network system, for example, it can be set between 0.3ms and 0.5ms.
- condition 3) judges the current on the line side and the voltage on the line side at the same time.
- condition 3) can also consider only the current on the line side, that is, the condition 3) is :
- step (1) and step (2) all the conditions are met, that is, when the protection unit detects that the fault current (that is, the current on the current side) is set to the positive direction, and the activation element is activated, the blocking element is not activated, When the fault memory element acts, the DC line protection will act after the actuating element has been delayed for the set time T2.
- the set time T2 should be set in conjunction with the GOOSE communication time at both ends of the line to accurately receive the GOOSE signal from the opposite side of the line to initiate the reverse direction of the fault to ensure the reliability of the protection action. For example, it can be set to 5ms ⁇ 10ms.
- This embodiment provides a DC line protection device for a DC distribution network, including a processor and a memory, and the processor is configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned DC line protection method for the DC distribution network.
- the corresponding computer instructions can be generated according to the above-mentioned DC line protection method of the DC distribution network to obtain the DC line protection device of the DC distribution network, which will not be repeated here.
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Abstract
一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法及装置，包括：根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别；若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；其中，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向；3)线路本侧电流满足设定的动作条件；若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。通过接收线路对侧的故障启动信号以排除线路对侧发生故障，可以可靠判断出线路本侧是否发生故障，有效避免了线路对侧故障导致线路本侧保护误动的问题。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201910855065.7、申请日为2019年9月10日的中国专利申请提出，并要求中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
本申请涉及一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法及装置，属于电力系统配电网继电保护技术领域。
近年来，随着电动汽车充电站、数据中心等直流负荷的快速增长，高比例光伏、储能等大容量分布式电源的接入，传统的交流配电系统面临着巨大的挑战。相对于交流配电网，直流配电网以传输容量大、电能质量高、系统稳定性好、便于分布式能源接入等优势，在工业园区、通信系统、交流配电网增容受限的负荷中心、综合能源系统、船舶/航空系统等场景中广泛应用，直流配电网将成为未来配电网的发展方向。直流配电网有环状、放射状、两端配电等多种结构。无论何种拓扑，由于通常接入的光伏、风电及充能等分布式电源很多，且直流负荷具有多种电压等级，直流配电网的系统结构非常复杂。其中的直流线路大多作为联络线路使用，双端均有电源接入，用以保证系统供电的可靠性。
现阶段的直流配电网直流线路保护主要采用以过电流保护为主的单端量保护，直流线路两侧均不采集对侧的相关信息，线路本侧的保护功能仅能依据本侧的故障信息进行简单的故障判别。当直流线路区外发生故障时，保护容易误动，导致系统大面积停电，不能满足保护选择性及系统供电可靠性的要求。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法及装置，用于解决现有的直流线路保护只考虑本侧信息导致保护容易误动的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法，步骤如下：
根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别；
若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：
1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；
2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；其中，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向；
3)线路本侧电流满足设定的动作条件；
若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种直流配电网直流线路保护装置，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器用于处理存储在所述存储器中的指令以实现如下方法：
根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别；
若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：
1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；
2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；其中，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向；
3)线路本侧电流满足设定的动作条件；
若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。
本申请的有益效果是：通过接收线路对侧的故障启动信号以排除线路对侧发生故障，在线路对侧未发生故障的情况下，可以可靠判断出线路本侧是否发 生故障，有效避免了线路对侧故障导致线路本侧保护误动的问题。
作为方法和装置的进一步改进，为了在过电流消失后，使线路保护仍然可以感知线路是否处于故障状态，所述设定的动作条件为线路本侧电流>本侧电流动作定值且持续时间大于故障记忆时间，线路本侧电压<本侧低电压动作定值。
作为方法和装置的进一步改进，为了提高线路对侧保护的可靠性，还包括：若满足线路保护启动判别，当线路本侧电流为设定反方向时，则向线路对侧发出线路本侧故障启动反方向信号。
作为方法和装置的进一步改进，为了避免线路对侧故障导致线路本侧保护误动，还包括：当接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号时，闭锁直流线路保护。
作为方法和装置的进一步改进，为了可靠判断线路保护是否启动，线路保护启动判别的计算公式为：
其中，I为线路本侧电流，U为线路本侧电压，I
qd为本侧电流启动定值，U
qd为本侧低电压启动定值。
图1是本申请的直流配电网直流线路示意图；
图2是本申请的直流配电网直流线路保护方法的逻辑图。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施例对本申请进行进一步详细说明。
直流配电网直流线路保护方法实施例：
如图1所示的直流配电网直流线路，交流系统分别经换流器1和换流器2变为直流后，接入正极母线和负极母线，两端的正极母线和负极母线分别经正极线路和负极线路进行联络。Break1和Break2分别为正极线路两端的断路器，Break3和Break4分别为负极线路两端的断路器；CT1和CT2分别为 正极线路两端的模拟测量点，CT3和CT4分别为负极线路两端的模拟测量点。正极线路两端分别配置直流线路保护1和直流线路保护2，作为保护单元，并相互收发GOOSE信号。负极线路两端分别配置直流线路保护3和直流线路保护4，作为保护单元，并相互收发GOOSE信号。
基于(但不限于)上述的直流配电网直流线路，本实施例提供了一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法，直流线路两侧根据就地的模拟量信息，同时接收对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号，实现直流配电网直流线路的保护功能，解决了目前直流配电网直流线路保护容易误动的问题。该直流配电网直流线路保护方法的逻辑图如图2所示，包括以下步骤：
(1)根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别。
具体的，当系统发生故障时，线路各模拟测量点将采集的线路本侧电压及电流信息发送至本侧的线路保护单元。各线路保护单元的启动元件进行故障电流判别，并为了防止电流传感器异常导致的启动元件误动作，使用电压条件进行把关，对应的线路保护启动判别的计算公式为：
其中，I为线路本侧电流，U为线路本侧电压，I
qd为本侧电流启动定值，U
qd为本侧低电压启动定值。
当保护投入(控制字及软压板同时投入)且满足线路保护启动判别时，线路保护单元的启动元件动作；否则，线路保护单元的启动元件不动作。需要说明的是，上述步骤(1)仅是给出了判断线路保护是否启动的一种具体实施方式，作为其他的实施方式，也可以采用现有技术中的其他判别方式，此处不再赘述。
(2)若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：
1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；
2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；
3)线路本侧电流>本侧电流动作定值且持续时间大于故障记忆时间，线 路本侧电压<本侧低电压动作定值。
对于条件1)，本侧保护单元的闭锁元件接收来自线路对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号，并以此判断故障是否发生在本条线路上。当线路对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号为1时，此时故障电流为本条线路的穿越性电流，故障点不在本条线路上，闭锁元件输出值为1，闭锁元件动作，闭锁直流线路保护。例如，当满足线路保护启动判别，若接收到线路对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号持续存在10s以上且没有返回时，本侧保护单元发出“GOOSE开入异常”信号，并闭锁直流线路保护。当线路对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号为0时，也就是没有接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号时，此时认为故障点在本条线路上，闭锁元件输出值为0，闭锁元件不动作，开放直流线路保护。
对于条件2)，规定线路两端的电流正方向，如图1所示，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向，以线路流入母线为设定反方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向，以母线流入线路为设定反方向。启动元件对线路本侧电流也就是直流线路本侧故障电流的方向进行判断，如图2所示，若满足线路保护启动判别，当线路本侧电流为设定反方向时，则向线路对侧发出线路本侧故障启动反方向信号，也就是当满足如下判据时，保护单元发出直流线路本侧故障启动反方向GOOSE信号，判据如下：
对于条件3)，当前直流配电网系统大多采用基于VSC的换流设备，出于换流设备的运行安全考虑，换流设备会在直流系统发生故障后的数百微秒至数毫秒的时间内快速闭锁。为了能够使直流线路保护能够在换流设备闭锁之前快速可靠检测到故障，保证即使在换流设备闭锁之后，直流线路保护仍然能够感知线路处于故障状态，此时有：
当满足|I|＞I
set且持续时间大于故障记忆时间T1时，若|U|＜U
set，则故障记忆元件动作，并对线路故障状态进行记忆。其中，I为线路本侧电流，I
set为本侧电流动作定值，U为线路本侧电压，U
set为本侧低电压动作定值。故障记忆时间T1可与直流配电网系统的换流器故障闭锁时间配合整定，例如可以设置为0.3ms～0.5ms之间。
需要说明的是，上述条件3)同时对线路本侧电流和线路本侧电压进行了判断，作为其他的实施方式，该条件3)也可以仅对线路本侧电流进行考虑，即条件3)为：|I|＞I
set。
(3)若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。
其中，如步骤(1)且步骤(2)中的所有条件满足，也就是当保护单元检测到故障电流(也就是本侧电流)为设定正方向，且启动元件动作、闭锁元件不动作、故障记忆元件动作时，动作元件经延时设定时间T2后，直流线路保护动作。设定时间T2应与线路两端的GOOSE通信时间相配合整定，以能准确收到来自线路对侧的故障启动反方向GOOSE信号，保证保护动作的可靠性，例如可以设置为5ms～10ms。
直流配电网直流线路保护装置实施例：
本实施例提供了一种直流配电网直流线路保护装置，包括处理器和存储器，该处理器用于处理存储在存储器中的指令，以实现上述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法。对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以根据上述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法，生成相应的计算机指令，以得到该直流配电网直流线路保护装置，此处不再赘述。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用于说明本申请的技术方案而非对其保护范围的限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解，本领域技术人员阅读本申请后依然可对申请的具体实施方式进行种种变更、修改或者等同替换，但这些变更、修改或者等同替换，均在本申请的权利要求保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种直流配电网直流线路保护方法，所述方法包括：根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别；若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；其中，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向；3)线路本侧电流满足设定的动作条件；若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法，其中，所述设定的动作条件为线路本侧电流>本侧电流动作定值且持续时间大于故障记忆时间，线路本侧电压<本侧低电压动作定值。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法，其中，所述方法还包括：若满足线路保护启动判别，当线路本侧电流为设定反方向时，则向线路对侧发出线路本侧故障启动反方向信号。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法，其中，还包括：当接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号时，闭锁直流线路保护。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的直流配电网直流线路保护方法，其中，线路保护启动判别的计算公式为：
其中，I为线路本侧电流，U为线路本侧电压，I qd为本侧电流启动定值，U qd为本侧低电压启动定值。 - 一种直流配电网直流线路保护装置，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器用于处理存储在所述存储器中的指令以实现如下步骤：根据线路本侧电流和电压，判断是否满足线路保护启动判别；若满足线路保护启动判别，则判断是否满足下面的条件：1)未接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号；2)线路本侧电流为设定正方向；其中，对于正极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以母线流入线路为设定正方向；对于负极线路，其两侧电流的方向是以线路流入母线为设定正方向；3)线路本侧电流满足设定的动作条件；若满足，则直流线路保护延时设定时间后动作。
- 根据权利要求6所述的直流配电网直流线路保护装置，其中，所述设定的动作条件为线路本侧电流>本侧电流动作定值且持续时间大于故障记忆时间，线路本侧电压<本侧低电压动作定值。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的直流配电网直流线路保护装置，其中，还包括：若满足线路保护启动判别，当线路本侧电流为设定反方向时，则向线路对侧发出线路本侧故障启动反方向信号。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的直流配电网直流线路保护装置，其中，还包括：当接收到线路对侧故障启动反方向信号时，闭锁直流线路保护。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的直流配电网直流线路保护装置，其中，线路保护启动判别的计算公式为：
其中，I为线路本侧电流，U为线路本侧电压，I qd为本侧电流启动定值，U qd为本侧低电压启动定值。
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| CN114629092A (zh) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-14 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | 一种无线差动保护弱馈条件下快速动作的实现方法与系统 |
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| CN111313385B (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2022-08-05 | 西安理工大学 | 一种用于直流配电网的前加速保护方法 |
| CN116780465A (zh) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 中铁电气化勘测设计研究院有限公司 | 基于goose的交流架空线缆单相断线故障的保护方法 |
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