WO2021036596A1 - 一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备 - Google Patents

一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036596A1
WO2021036596A1 PCT/CN2020/103540 CN2020103540W WO2021036596A1 WO 2021036596 A1 WO2021036596 A1 WO 2021036596A1 CN 2020103540 W CN2020103540 W CN 2020103540W WO 2021036596 A1 WO2021036596 A1 WO 2021036596A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
microstrip line
reflective
antenna element
directional high
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/103540
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭康清
尹柳中
王子同
谢仁礼
杨福军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2021036596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036596A1/zh
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions [2D], e.g. paraboloidal

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a directional high-gain antenna and remote control equipment.
  • the antenna is a key component in the wireless system, and the existing antennas all include a vibrator capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves.
  • the antenna when the antenna is actually used, such as remote control equipment, wireless routing equipment, etc.; often only a certain direction is required for control operations, which requires the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna to only radiate toward this specific direction, or in this High-gain radiation in a specific direction; however, when the existing antenna structure emits electromagnetic waves, when the emitted electromagnetic waves diffuse and radiate, they will diffuse and radiate toward the vibrator's surrounding three-dimensional space; this is obviously incompatible with The electromagnetic wave radiation of the antenna is obviously inconsistent, which makes the antenna inconvenient to use.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a directional high-gain antenna in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, which aims to solve the problem that the antenna in the prior art cannot radiate electromagnetic waves with high gain in a specific direction.
  • a directional high-gain antenna for remote control equipment including:
  • the reflection type ground mechanism is provided with a reflection notch with an opening facing the antenna mechanism for reflecting electromagnetic waves of the antenna mechanism.
  • the inner edge of the reflective recess is arranged in a stepped shape or an arc shape.
  • the bottom size of the reflective recess is smaller than the mouth size of the reflective recess.
  • the substrate includes a top layer and a bottom layer disposed on two opposite end faces;
  • a reflective ground mechanism is provided on the top layer and/or the bottom layer;
  • An antenna mechanism is provided on the top layer and/or the bottom layer.
  • the reflective ground mechanism includes a concave metal ground and a flush metal ground;
  • the recessed metal ground is provided on the bottom layer, and the flush metal ground is provided on the top layer; or the recessed metal ground is provided on the top layer, and the flush metal ground is provided on the bottom layer;
  • the reflective notch is arranged on the concave metal ground; the flush metal ground is provided with a flush edge.
  • the directional high-gain antenna further includes a feed source and a microstrip line;
  • the feed source is arranged on the top layer or the bottom layer;
  • the microstrip line is used to electrically connect the antenna mechanism and the feed source, and is used to electrically connect the antenna mechanism and the reflective ground mechanism.
  • the antenna mechanism includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element that are symmetrically arranged;
  • the microstrip line includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line
  • the first microstrip line is used to electrically connect the first antenna element and the feed source
  • the second microstrip line is used to electrically connect the second antenna element and the concave metal ground.
  • the first antenna element, the first microstrip line, the feed source and the flush metal ground are arranged on the top layer;
  • the second antenna element, the second microstrip line and the concave metal ground are arranged on the bottom layer;
  • the orthographic projections of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line overlap on the top layer and the bottom layer;
  • the extension direction of the first antenna element on the top layer is opposite to the extension direction of the second antenna element on the bottom layer, and is arranged symmetrically with respect to the microstrip line.
  • the first antenna element and the second antenna element extend along the width direction of the substrate, and the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line extend along the length direction of the substrate; When the first microstrip line is connected to the first antenna element, it is in an L shape; when the second microstrip line is connected to the second antenna element, it is in an L shape.
  • the orthographic projection of the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the first antenna element, and the second antenna element in the thickness direction of the substrate is T-shaped.
  • the first antenna element includes a first connecting portion, a first bending portion, and a first end that are integrally connected;
  • the second antenna vibrator includes a second connecting portion, a second bending portion, and a second end that are integrally connected.
  • one end of the first connecting portion is connected to the first microstrip line; the width of the first bent portion is smaller than the first end and the first connecting portion, and it is arranged in a serpentine shape. ;
  • One end of the second connecting portion is connected to the second microstrip line; the width of the second bent portion is smaller than the second end and the second connecting portion, and is arranged in a serpentine shape.
  • the extension lengths of the first antenna element and the second antenna element in the width direction of the substrate are both half the width of the substrate.
  • the substrate is set as a PCB substrate, and the PCB substrate is set in a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 33 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm.
  • a remote control device including: the directional high-gain antenna as described in any one of the above.
  • the present disclosure provides a directional high-gain antenna and a remote control device.
  • the directional high-gain antenna includes: a substrate; a reflective ground mechanism and an antenna mechanism provided on the substrate; The ground mechanism is provided with a reflection notch with an opening facing the antenna mechanism for reflecting electromagnetic waves of the antenna mechanism.
  • the inner edge of the reflection notch doubles as a reflection vibrator, thereby making the directional high-gain antenna present the current phase lag effect, and the electromagnetic wave in the direction of the reflection notch in the antenna mechanism
  • the vector field exhibits superimposition and cancellation, and the electromagnetic wave vector field in the direction of the reflection notch toward the antenna mechanism exhibits superimposition and enhancement, which ultimately makes the electromagnetic wave radiation of the directional high-gain antenna exhibit directional gain.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a directional high gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the concave metal ground of the reflective ground mechanism of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is the main radiation pattern of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front view deformation of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the directional high gain antenna in the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the bottom three-dimensional structure of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the top layer of the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Fig. 6 in the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B in Fig. 7 in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is another front view deformation schematic diagram of the directional high gain antenna in the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a directional high-gain antenna 10, which aims to provide a directional high-gain 2.4G antenna;
  • the directional high-gain antenna 10 includes a substrate 11 and a reflective Ground mechanism 13 and antenna mechanism 12.
  • the antenna mechanism 12 is arranged on the substrate 11 for converting electrical energy into electromagnetic waves and spreading to the space around the antenna mechanism 12; it is understandable that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna mechanism 12 cannot be selected for radiation.
  • the electromagnetic wave is centered on the antenna mechanism 12 and radiates freely toward the surrounding three-dimensional space; the reflective ground mechanism 13 is also arranged on the substrate 11; it should be pointed out that the reflective ground mechanism 13 It is electrically connected to the antenna mechanism 12 to realize the grounding of the antenna mechanism 12; in one implementation, the reflective ground mechanism 13 is provided with a reflection notch 16, and the opening direction of the reflection notch 16 faces the antenna Mechanism 12; In one implementation, the reflective recess 16 includes an opening 161 and a bottom 162 facing the antenna mechanism 12.
  • the antenna mechanism 12 in the directional high-gain antenna 10 is electrically connected to a power source, that is, the antenna mechanism 12 is configured as an active dipole antenna structure; at the same time, the reflective ground mechanism 13 is also The role of the reflective vibrator of the directional high-gain antenna 10; in one implementation, the reflective ground mechanism 13 is provided with a reflective notch 16, that is, the reflective ground mechanism 13 is partially excavated to form a reflective notch 16, and The curved or fold-line effect formed by the inner edge of the reflective recess 16 is equivalent to the trace of the reflective element, so that the antenna mechanism 12 and the reflective ground mechanism 13 of the directional high-gain antenna 10 form the equivalent of the active element and the reflective element of the antenna.
  • the effect makes the directional high-gain antenna 10 present a current phase lag effect.
  • the electromagnetic wave vector field of the vector field in the direction of the antenna mechanism 12 toward the reflection notch 16 is superimposed and canceled, and the electromagnetic wave vector field in the direction of the reflection notch 16 toward the antenna mechanism 12 is superimposed and canceled.
  • the field presents a superimposed enhancement, and finally the electromagnetic wave radiation of the directional high-gain antenna 10 presents a directional gain effect.
  • the directional high-gain antenna 10 in the present disclosure has a gain of up to 3.5 dBi in a specific direction; that is, the direction of the opening 161 of the reflection notch 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 in the directional high-gain antenna 10
  • the gain of the antenna mechanism 12 is as high as 3.5dBi; further, the ratio of the gain of the electromagnetic wave reflection and convergence direction in the antenna mechanism 12 is 3.1-8.6 in the opposite direction; that is, the reflection of the antenna mechanism 12 toward the reflective ground mechanism 13
  • the ratio of the gain in the opening direction of the notch 16 to the gain in the opposite direction is 3.1-8.6. As shown in FIG.
  • the point m1 is the direction of the opening 161 of the reflection notch 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 in the directional high-gain antenna 10; the point m2 is the direction of the opening 161 of the directional high-gain antenna 10.
  • the direction of the bottom 162 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13; that is, the gain of the antenna mechanism 12 toward the opening direction of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 has a ratio of the gain in the opposite direction to 3.1 -8.6.
  • the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 further has an inner edge 163 connecting the opening 161 and the bottom 162; the inner edge 163 and the bottom 162 are the reflective ground mechanism 13
  • the bottom width of the reflective recess 16 is smaller than the width of the opening 161 of the reflective recess 16; that is, the internal width of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13, From the opening 161 of the reflective recess 16 to the bottom 162 of the reflective recess 16 increases gradually.
  • the reflective recess 16 is configured to have a structure with a large opening and a small bottom, so that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna mechanism 12 enter the reflective recess 16 more, that is, the reflective recess 16 can be more directionally reflected. More electromagnetic waves effectively enhance the directional gain effect of the antenna.
  • the width of the antenna mechanism 12 is smaller than the width of the opening 161 of the reflection recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13; it should be noted that if and only when electromagnetic waves contact the reflection recess 16 The inner edge 163 and the bottom 162 of the reflection recess 16 can be gathered by the reflection of the inner edge 163 and the bottom 162 of the reflection recess 16; therefore, the width of the antenna mechanism 12 is reduced, and when the extension length of the antenna mechanism 12 is smaller than the reflection recess 16
  • the width of the opening 161 of the antenna mechanism 12 is greater than the width of the opening 161, it can be ensured that more electromagnetic waves emitted from the antenna mechanism 12 enter the reflection recess 16; and when the extension length of the antenna mechanism 12 is greater than the width of the opening 161 of the reflection recess 16 , It is bound to cause some electromagnetic waves to fail to enter the reflection notch 16, thereby reducing the effect of the antenna directional gain; at the same time, when the extension length of the antenna mechanism 12 is less than the width
  • the width L 2 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 is the same as the width L 1 of the substrate 11; it can be understood that the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13
  • the width L 3 from the inner edge 163 at the bottom 162 to the edge of the substrate 11 is smaller than the width L 4 from the inner edge 163 at the bottom 162 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 to the edge of the substrate 11; That is, the width from the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 to the edge of the substrate 11 increases from the opening 161 of the reflective recess 16 to the bottom 162 of the reflective recess 16; that is, the reflective
  • the width at the bottom 162 of the notch 16 is smaller than the width at the opening 161, thereby effectively ensuring that the reflective ground mechanism 13 fully reflects and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna mechanism 12 freely; it provides a guarantee for realizing the directional gain of the antenna in the present disclosure .
  • the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 is arranged in a symmetrical step shape; it should be noted that the inner edge 163 is relative to the width center line of the substrate 11 Mutual symmetry; thereby ensuring that the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 reflects the electromagnetic wave, so that the reflected electromagnetic wave is directed toward a specific direction, that is, toward the opening direction of the reflective recess 16 to gather radiation , To achieve the directional gain of the antenna.
  • the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 is set in an arc shape; and the width of the bottom 162 of the reflective recess 16 is smaller than that of the reflective recess 16
  • the width of the opening 161; that is, the width of the edge of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 increases from the mouth of the reflective recess 16 to the bottom of the reflective recess 16.
  • the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 in the present disclosure can be set in an arc shape, a stepped shape or other irregular shapes, all of which can realize the directional reflection of electromagnetic waves toward the antenna mechanism 12.
  • the width of the antenna mechanism 12 is smaller than the width of the reflection recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13; that is, the extension length of the antenna mechanism 12 is smaller than the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13.
  • the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 is set in a symmetrical arc shape; it should be noted that the inner edge 163 is symmetrical with respect to the width center line of the substrate 11; Specifically, the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 structure is set in a semi-circular or semi-elliptical shape. This further ensures that when the inner edge 163 of the reflective recess 16 of the reflective ground mechanism 13 reflects the electromagnetic wave, the reflected electromagnetic wave is directed toward a specific direction, that is, toward the opening 161 of the reflective recess 16 to gather radiation.
  • the directional gain of the antenna in the present disclosure is realized.
  • the substrate 11 includes a top layer 17 and a bottom layer 18, and the top layer 17 and the bottom layer 18 are disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate 11;
  • the top layer 17 and/or the bottom layer 18 are provided with a reflective ground mechanism 13;
  • the top layer 17 and/or the bottom layer 18 are provided with an antenna mechanism 12.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 can be provided on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18, and on the top layer 17 and the bottom layer 18 at the same time;
  • the antenna mechanism 12 can be provided on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18, and at the same time.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 includes a flush metal ground 131 and a concave metal ground 132; the flush metal ground 131 is disposed on the top layer 17, and the concave metal ground The metal ground 132 is disposed on the bottom layer 18; or, the flush metal ground 131 is disposed on the bottom layer 18, and the concave metal ground 132 is disposed on the top layer 17.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 includes two independent metal grounds, which are arranged on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate 11; it should be noted that the flush metal ground 131 The ground mechanism and the recessed metal ground 132 are mutually independent ground mechanisms, and there is no electrical connection relationship between the two.
  • the reflective notch 16 is provided on the concave metal ground 132; the flush metal ground 131 is provided with a flush edge. It is understandable that the reflection notch 16 is provided at the edge of the end face of the concave metal ground 132 facing the antenna mechanism 12; by setting the reflection notch 16 on the concave metal ground 132 Therefore, the concave metal ground 132 can effectively realize the concentrated reflection of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna mechanism 12 in a specific direction.
  • the directional high gain antenna 10 further includes a feed source 15 and a microstrip line 14; the feed source 15 is arranged on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18; the microstrip line 14 is used for electrical
  • the antenna mechanism 12 and the feed source 15 are connected, and the antenna mechanism 12 and the reflective ground mechanism 13 are electrically connected.
  • the feed source 15 is used to supply power to the antenna mechanism 12; it can be understood that by providing the microstrip line 14 and the feed source 15, the power supply to the antenna mechanism 12 is realized and the antenna mechanism 12 is guaranteed Emit electromagnetic waves normally.
  • the antenna mechanism 12 includes a first antenna element 121 and a second antenna element 122 that are symmetrically arranged;
  • the microstrip line 14 includes a first microstrip line 141 and a second microstrip line 142;
  • the first microstrip line 141 is used to electrically connect the first antenna element 121 and the feed source 15;
  • the second microstrip line 142 is used to electrically connect the second antenna element 122 and the concave metal ground 132.
  • the first antenna element 121, the first microstrip line 141, the feed 15 and the flush metal ground 131 are arranged on the top layer 17;
  • the second antenna element 122, the second The microstrip line 142 and the concave metal ground 132 are disposed on the bottom layer 18.
  • the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are used to convert electric energy into electromagnetic waves and emit them toward the surrounding three-dimensional space; it can be understood that the top layer 17 is provided with the first antenna element 121 and the first microstrip The line 141, the feed 15 and the flush metal ground 131; the bottom layer 18 is provided with a second antenna element 122, a second microstrip line 142 and a concave metal ground 132.
  • first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 extend along the width direction of the substrate 11, and the first microstrip line 141 and the second microstrip line 142 extend along the length direction of the substrate 11. Extension; when the first microstrip line 141 and the first antenna element 121 are connected, it presents an L-shape; when the second microstrip line 142 and the second antenna element 122 are connected, it presents an L-shape; by setting the first microstrip The line 141, the second microstrip line 142 and the feed source 15 effectively provide power supply for the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122, ensuring that the directional high-gain antenna 10 emits electromagnetic waves.
  • the flush metal ground 131 in this embodiment covers a half area of the top layer 17 in the longitudinal direction, and the extension length of the first antenna element 121 in the width direction of the substrate 11 is The width of the substrate 11 is half; the extension length of the first antenna element 121 in the width direction of the substrate 11 is half of the width of the top layer 17 of the substrate 11. It can be understood that the extension length of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 is less than the length of the inner edge 163 of the reflection recess 16, so that the inner edge 163 of the reflection recess 16 functions as a reflection element. , Which in turn makes the directional high-gain antenna 10 present a current phase lag effect.
  • the electromagnetic wave vector field of the vector field in the direction of the antenna mechanism 12 toward the reflection notch 16 shows superimposition and cancellation, and the electromagnetic wave vector field in the direction of the reflection notch 16 toward the antenna mechanism 12 It presents superimposed enhancement, and finally makes the electromagnetic wave radiation of the directional high-gain antenna 10 present the effect of directional gain.
  • the part A includes the first antenna element 121, the first microstrip line 141, the feeder 15 and the partially flush metal ground 131 in the top layer 17.
  • the The first antenna element 121 includes a first connecting portion 1211, a first bending portion 1212, and a first end 1213 that are integrally connected in sequence, that is, the first bending portion 1212 is disposed on the first connecting portion 1211 and the first end 1213. Between the ends 1213; one end of the first connecting portion 1211 is connected to the first bending portion 1212, and the other end is connected to the first microstrip line 141.
  • the width of the first bending portion 1212 is smaller than The width of the first end portion 1213; that is, the thickness of a portion of the first bending portion 1212 in the first antenna element 121 is the thinnest; in an implementation of this embodiment, the first The bending portion 1212 is arranged in a reciprocating bending shape or a serpentine shape.
  • the serpentine shape in this embodiment is a continuously curved shape, such as an S shape or a shape composed of a plurality of S shapes connected end to end in sequence.
  • the middle part of the first antenna element 121 is set in a bent shape, thereby realizing that the length of the first antenna element 121 is effectively increased in the limited space in the width direction of the substrate 11, thereby effectively ensuring the The first antenna element 121 reaches a specific radiation frequency point, which also effectively increases the sensitivity of the first antenna element 121.
  • the width of the first bending portion 1212 of the first antenna element 121 is narrowed, that is, the thickness of the first bending portion 1212 is thinned, thereby further achieving the Within the limited space in the width direction of the substrate 11, the number of bending of the first bending portion 1212 is effectively increased, and the greater the number of bending, the longer the trace length of the first bending portion 1212, and finally the first bending portion 1212 is significantly increased.
  • the length of an antenna element 121 ensures that the first antenna element 121 reaches a specific radiation frequency point; it also effectively increases the sensitivity of the first antenna element 121.
  • the first microstrip line 141 and the second microstrip line 142 are arranged opposite to each other on the top layer 17 and the bottom layer 18, that is, the first microstrip line 141 and the second microstrip line 142 are opposite to each other.
  • the orthographic projection of the strip line 142 along the thickness direction of the substrate 11 coincides; the extension direction of the first antenna element 121 on the top layer 17 is opposite to the extension direction of the second antenna element 122 on the bottom layer 18, And the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are symmetrical with respect to the microstrip line 14 (as shown in FIG.
  • the first microstrip line 141 and the second microstrip line 142 The orthographic projections along the thickness direction of the substrate 11 coincide; that is, the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are symmetrically arranged along the first microstrip line 141 and the second microstrip line 142; In one implementation, the orthographic projections of the first antenna element 121, the second antenna element 122, the first microstrip line 141, and the second microstrip line 142 along the thickness direction of the substrate 11 are T-shaped It is understandable that by symmetrically setting the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122, it is ensured that the extension lengths of the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 are the same, thereby ensuring that the first antenna element 121 and The electromagnetic waves emitted by the second antenna element 122 have the same amount and distribution balance, thereby effectively increasing the radiation intensity of the antenna mechanism 12.
  • the part B includes the second antenna element 122, the second microstrip line 142, and a part of the concave metal ground 132 in the bottom layer 18; specifically, the second antenna element 122 extends along the substrate
  • the extension length in the width direction 11 is half of the width of the substrate 11.
  • the second antenna element 122 includes a second connecting portion 1221, a second bending portion 1222, and a second end portion 1223 that are integrally connected in sequence, that is, the second bending portion 1222 is disposed at all.
  • the second connecting portion 1221 and the second end 1223 Between the second connecting portion 1221 and the second end 1223; one end of the second connecting portion 1221 is connected to the second bending portion 1222, and the other end is connected to the second microstrip line 142; at the same time, the The width of the second bending portion 1222 is smaller than the width of the second end portion 1223; that is, the wiring thickness of the second bending portion 1222 in the second antenna element 122 is the smallest; In this implementation manner, the second bending portion 1222 is configured in a reciprocating bending shape or a serpentine shape.
  • the middle part of the second antenna element 122 is set in a bent shape, thereby realizing that in the limited space in the width direction of the substrate 11, the length of the second antenna element 122 is effectively increased, thereby effectively ensuring the The second antenna element 122 reaches a specific radiation frequency point, which also effectively increases the inductivity of the second antenna element 122;
  • the second bend portion 1222 of the second antenna element 122 is The width becomes narrower, that is, the thickness of the traces of the second bending portion 1222 is reduced, thereby further realizing that in the limited space in the width direction of the substrate 11, the number of bending of the second bending portion 1222 is effectively increased , And the greater the number of bends, the longer the trace length of the second bending portion 1222, which will eventually significantly increase the length of the second antenna element 122, ensuring that the second antenna element 122 reaches a specific radiation frequency point;
  • the sensitivity of the second antenna element 122 is effectively increased.
  • first antenna element 121, the first microstrip line 141, the feeder 15 and the flush metal ground 131 of the directional high gain antenna 10 may also be arranged on the bottom layer.
  • first antenna element 121, the first microstrip line 141, the feed 15 and the flush metal ground 131 are set on the bottom layer 18, the first antenna element 121,
  • the structural characteristics of the first microstrip line 141, the feed 15 and the flush metal ground 131 and the characteristics of their mutual cooperation and connection relationship are the same as those of the first antenna element 121, the first microstrip line 141, and the feed in the above embodiment 15 and the flush metal ground 131 are the same when they are set on the top layer 17, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second antenna element 122, the second microstrip line 142, and the concave metal ground 132 of the directional high gain antenna 10 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure may also be arranged on the top layer 17; It is noted that when the second antenna element 122, the second microstrip line 142 and the concave metal ground 132 are disposed on the top layer 17, the second antenna element 122, the second microstrip line 142 and the inner The structural characteristics of the concave metal ground 132 and the characteristics of the mutual cooperation and connection relationship are the same as those of the second antenna element 122, the second microstrip line 142 and the concave metal ground 132 in the above-mentioned embodiment. The bottom 18 is the same, so I won’t repeat it here.
  • the first antenna element 121 electrically connected to the feed source 15 is the active element of the antenna mechanism 12, and is disposed opposite to the first antenna element 121.
  • the concave metal ground 132 on the two ends of the substrate 11 doubles as a reflective vibrator; the antenna mechanism 12 and the reflective ground mechanism 13 of the directional high-gain antenna 10 form a structure equivalent to the active vibrator and the reflective vibrator of the antenna. The effect, in turn, makes the directional high-gain antenna 10 present a current phase lag effect.
  • the electromagnetic wave vector field of the vector field in the direction of the antenna mechanism 12 toward the reflection notch 16 is superimposed and canceled, and the electromagnetic wave vector field in the direction of the reflection notch 16 toward the antenna mechanism 12 is superimposed and canceled.
  • the field presents a superimposed enhancement, and finally the electromagnetic wave radiation of the directional high-gain antenna 10 presents a directional gain effect.
  • the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 may also be disposed on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18 of the PCB substrate 11 at the same time, and the two are arranged in a line.
  • the directional high gain antenna 10 only needs to set the first microstrip line 141, one end of the microstrip line 14 is connected to the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122, and the other end is connected to the The feed 15 and the reflective ground mechanism 13 are described.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 may only include a concave metal ground 132; in this case, the first antenna element 121, the second antenna element 122, the microstrip line 14, the feed 15 and the concave metal ground
  • the metal ground 132 can be set on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18 of the substrate 11 at the same time; the first antenna element 121, the second antenna element 122, and the microstrip line 14 are T-shaped; the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 each occupy half of the width of the substrate 11, and the concave metal ground 132 occupies half of the length of the substrate 11; thereby effectively reflecting the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna
  • the electromagnetic waves emitted by the two antenna elements 122 realize the directional gain of the antenna.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 includes a concave metal ground 132 and a flush metal ground 131; in this case, the first antenna element 121, the second antenna element 122, and the microstrip line 14 ,
  • the feed 15 and the flush metal ground 131 are simultaneously arranged on the top layer 17 or the bottom layer 18 of the substrate 11, and the concave metal ground 132 is arranged on the other end surface of the substrate 11;
  • An antenna element 121, a second antenna element 122, and the microstrip line 14 are in a T shape; the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 each occupy half of the width of the substrate 11, and the concave metal
  • the ground 132 occupies a half area of the length of the substrate 11; furthermore, it effectively reflects the electromagnetic waves emitted by the first antenna element 121 and the second antenna element 122 to achieve the directional gain of the antenna.
  • the substrate 11 is set as a PCB substrate, and the PCB substrate is set as a cuboid with a length of 33mm and a thickness of 1.6mm; the top layer 17 and the bottom layer 18 are set as the two largest area end faces of the PCB substrate 11.
  • the reflective ground mechanism 13 is arranged at half of the length direction of the end surface of the PCB substrate 11.
  • the present disclosure also provides a remote control device for remotely controlling other devices; the remote control device includes the directional high-gain antenna 10 as described in the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the remote control device is set as a 2.4G remote control device, and the remote control device can be set as a TV remote control, an air conditioner remote control, a fan remote control, or a car remote control, etc.
  • the present disclosure provides a directional high-gain antenna and a remote control device.
  • the directional high-gain antenna includes: a substrate; a reflective ground mechanism and an antenna mechanism provided on the substrate; the reflective ground mechanism A reflection notch with an opening facing the antenna mechanism for reflecting electromagnetic waves of the antenna mechanism is provided.
  • the antenna mechanism is configured as an active element antenna structure; at the same time, the reflective ground mechanism doubles as the reflective element of the directional high-gain antenna; in one implementation, the reflective mechanism A reflection notch is opened on the upper part, that is, the reflection type ground mechanism is partially excavated to form a reflection notch, and the curved or fold line effect formed by the inner edge of the reflection notch is equivalent to the trace of the reflection element, which makes the antenna mechanism and the directional high-gain antenna
  • the reflective ground mechanism forms an effect equivalent to the active and reflective elements of the antenna, which in turn makes the directional high-gain antenna present a current phase lag effect.
  • the electromagnetic wave vector field of the vector field in the direction of the antenna mechanism toward the reflection notch shows superimposition and cancellation
  • the electromagnetic wave vector field in the direction of the reflection notch towards the antenna mechanism presents a superimposed enhancement
  • the electromagnetic wave radiation of the directional high-gain antenna presents a directional gain effect.
  • the directional high-gain antenna in the present disclosure has a gain in a specific direction as high as 3.5dBi; that is, the directional high-gain antenna has a gain in the direction of the opening of the reflection notch of the reflective ground mechanism as high as 3.5dBi.
  • the antenna has a gain in the direction of electromagnetic wave reflection and convergence, and the ratio of the gain in the opposite direction is 3.1-8.6; that is to say, the gain in the direction of the opening of the reflection recess of the reflective ground mechanism of the antenna is opposite to The directional gain ratio is 3.1-8.6.

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Abstract

本公开中提供了一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备，所述定向高增益天线包括：基板；设置于基板上的反射式地机构和天线机构；反射式地机构设置有一开口朝向天线机构的，用于反射天线机构的电磁波的反射凹口。通过在反射式地机构上内凹形成反射凹口，使得反射凹口的内部边缘兼为反射振子的作用，进而使得定向高增益天线呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构朝向反射凹口方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口朝向天线机构的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。

Description

一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备
优先权
本公开要求申请日为2019年08月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为“201921441129.0”、申请名称为“一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及天线领域，尤其涉及的是一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备。
背景技术
天线是无线系统中的关键组件，现有天线都包括具有发射和接收电磁波的振子。
然而，在所述天线实际应用于时，比如遥控设备、无线路由设备等；往往仅仅需要某一方向进行控制操作，这就要求天线发射的电磁波信号仅仅朝向这一特定方向辐射，或者，在这一特定方向高增益辐射；但是，现有天线结构在发射电磁波时，被发射出的电磁波在扩散辐射时，会以所述振子为中心，朝向振子的周围立体空间进行扩散辐射；这显然与对天线电磁波辐射情况明显不符，造成天线使用不便。
因此，如何提供具备定向高增益功能的天线，成为亟待解决的问题。
公开内容
本公开要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种定向高增益天线，旨在解决现有技术中天线不能朝向特定方向高增益辐射电磁波的问题。
本公开解决技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：一种定向高增益天线，用于遥控设备，包括：
基板；
设置于所述基板上的反射式地机构和天线机构；
所述反射式地机构设置有一开口朝向所述天线机构的，用于反射所述天线机构的电磁波的反射凹口。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射凹口的内侧边缘设置为阶梯状或弧形。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射凹口的底部尺寸小于所述反射凹口的口部尺寸。
在一种实现方式中，所述基板包括设置于两相对端面的顶层和底层；
所述顶层和/或底层上设置有反射式地机构；
所述顶层和/或底层上设置有天线机构。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射式地机构包括内凹式金属地和齐平式金属地；
所述内凹式金属地设置于底层上，所述齐平式金属地设置于顶层上；或者，所述内凹式金属地设置于顶层上，所述齐平式金属地设置于底层上；所述反射凹口设置于内凹式金属地上；所述齐平式金属地设置有平齐式边缘。
在一种实现方式中，所述定向高增益天线还包括馈源和微带线；
所述馈源设置于所述顶层或底层上；
所述微带线用于电连接所述天线机构和馈源，以及用于电连接天线机构和反射式地机构。
在一种实现方式中，所述天线机构包括对称设置的第一天线振子和第二天线振子；
所述微带线包括第一微带线和第二微带线；
所述第一微带线用于电连接所述第一天线振子和馈源；
所述第二微带线用于电连接所述第二天线振子和内凹式金属地。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子、第一微带线、馈源和齐平式金属地设置于所述顶层上；
所述第二天线振子、第二微带线和内凹式金属地设置于所述底层上；
所述第一微带线和所述第二微带线在所述顶层和所述底层上正投影重合；
所述第一天线振子在所述顶层上的延伸方向，与所述第二天线振子在所述底层上的延伸方向相反，且相对于所述微带线对称设置。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子和第二天线振子沿所述基板的宽度方向延伸，所述第一微带线和所述第二微带线沿所述基板长度方向延伸；当所述第一微带线和所述第一天线振子连接时呈L字形；当所述第二微带线和所述第二天线振子连接时呈L字形。
在一种实现方式中，第一微带线、第二微带线、第一天线振子和第二天线振子,在所述基板厚度方向的正投影呈T字型。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子包括一体连接的第一连接部、第一折弯部和第一端部；
所述第二天线振子包括一体连接的第二连接部、第二折弯部和第二端部。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一连接部一端连接所述第一微带线；所述第一折弯部的宽度小于所述第一端部和第一连接部，其设置为蛇形；
所述第二连接部一端连接所述第二微带线；所述第二折弯部的宽度小于所述第二端部和第二连接部，其设置为蛇形。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子和所述第二天线振子沿所述基板宽度方向的延伸长度皆为所述基板宽度的一半。
在一种实现方式中，所述基板设置为PCB基板，所述PCB基板设置为长方体形，其长度为33mm，厚度为1.6mm。
本公开解决技术问题所采用的又一技术方案如下：一种遥控设备，其包括:如上任一项所述的定向高增益天线。
与现有技术相比，本公开提供了一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备，所述定向高增益天线包括：基板；设置于所述基板上的反射式地机构和天线机构；所述反射式地机构设置有一开口朝向所述天线机构的，用于反射所述天线机构的电磁波的反射凹口。通过在反射式地机构上内凹形成反射凹口，使得反射凹口的内部边缘兼为反射振子的作用，进而使得定向高增益天线呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构朝向反射凹口方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口朝向天线机构的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。
附图说明
图1是本公开中定向高增益天线立体结构示意图；
图2是本公开中定向高增益天线的反射式地机构的内凹式金属地的立体示意图；
图3是本公开图中定向高增益天线的主辐射方向图；
图4是本公开中定向高增益天线立体结构示意图；
图5是本公开图中定向高增益天线的主视变形示意图；
图6是本公开中定向高增益天线立体结构爆炸示意图；
图7是本公开中定向高增益天线底层立体结构示意图；
图8是本公开中定向高增益天线顶层立体结构示意图；
图9是本公开中图6中A部放大示意图；
图10是本公开中图7中B部放大示意图；
图11是本公开中定向高增益天线的另一主视变形示意图；
附图标记说明：
10、定向高增益天线；11、基板；12、天线机构；13、反射式地机构；14、微带线；15、馈源；16、反射凹口；17、顶层；18、底层；161、开口；162、底部；163、内侧边缘；121、第一天线振子；122、第二天线振子；1211、第一连接部；1212、第一折弯部；1213、第一端部；1221、第二连接部；1222、第二折弯部；1223、第二端部；131、齐平式金属地；132、内凹式金属地；141、第一微带线；142、第二微带线。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本公开进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
请参阅图1、图2和图3，本公开中提供了一种定向高增益天线10，旨在提供一种定向高增益的2.4G天线；所述定向高增益天线10包括基板11、反射式地机构13和天线机构12。所述天线机构12设置于所述基板11上，用于将电能转化为电磁波，并扩散 至天线机构12周围空间；可以理解的是，所述天线机构12发射的电磁波时，并不能选定辐射方向，所述电磁波以所述天线机构12为中心，朝向周围立体空间中自由辐射；所述反射式地机构13也设置于所述基板11上；需要指明的是，所述反射式地机构13与所述天线机构12电连接，进而实现天线机构12接地；在一种实现方式中，所述反射式地机构13设置有一反射凹口16，所述反射凹口16的开口方向朝向所述天线机构12；在一种实现方式中，所述反射凹口16包括朝向所述天线机构12的开口161和底部162。
需要说明的是，本公开提供的定向高增益天线10中的天线机构12电连接有电源，即所述天线机构12设置为有源振子天线结构；同时，所述反射式地机构13则兼为定向高增益天线10的反射振子的作用；在一种实现方式中，通过在所述反射式地机构13上开设反射凹口16，即将反射式地机构13局部挖开形成反射凹口16，而反射凹口16的内部边缘形成的曲线或折线效果，相当于反射振子走线，进而使得定向高增益天线10的天线机构12和反射式地机构13形成等同于天线的有源振子和反射振子的效果，进而使得定向高增益天线10呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构12朝向反射凹口16方向的矢量场电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口16朝向天线机构12的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线10电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。需要强调的是，本公开中的定向高增益天线10在特定方向的增益高达3.5dBi；也就是说，所述定向高增益天线10中反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的开口161的方向的增益高达3.5dBi；进而，使得所述天线机构12中电磁波反射聚拢方向的增益是其相反方向增益的比为3.1-8.6；也就是说，所述天线机构12朝向反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的开口方向的增益，与其相反方向的增益的比为3.1-8.6。如图4中所示，所述点m1处即为所述定向高增益天线10中反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的开口161方向；所述点m2为所述定向高增益天线10中反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的底部162方向；也就是说，所述天线机构12朝向反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的开口方向的增益，与其相反方向的增益的比为3.1-8.6。
在一实施例中，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16还具有一连接所述开口161和底部162的内侧边缘163；所述内侧边缘163和底部162为所述反射式地机构13反射电 磁波的部位；在一种实现方式中，所述内侧边缘163设置为阶梯状；可以理解，阶梯状内侧边缘163可以有效的缩小被聚拢反射的电磁波的出射角度，以及起到了反射振子的作用，将辐射而来的电磁波超向所述天线机构12的方向反射叠加增益，进而实现了定向高增益天线的定向增益。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射凹口16的底部宽度小于所述反射凹口16的开口161处的宽度；也就是说，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的内部宽度，自所述反射凹口16的开口161向所述反射凹口16的底部162处递增。需要说明的是，当且仅当电磁波接触所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163和底部162，才能会被所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163和底部162反射聚拢；可知，可以理解，通过设置将所述反射凹口16设置其为大口小底的结构，进而使得天线机构12发射的电磁波更多的进入反射凹口16中，也即才能使得所述反射凹口16定向反射聚拢处更多的电磁波，有效提升天线的定向增益效果。
在一种实现方式中，所述天线机构12的宽度小于所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16开口161处的宽度；需要说明的是，当且仅当电磁波接触所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163和底部162，才能会被所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163和底部162反射聚拢；因此将天线机构12的宽度，而当天线机构12的延伸长度小于所述反射凹口16的开口161的宽度时，才能保证所述天线机构12发射处的电磁波更多的进入所述反射凹口16；而当天线机构12的延伸长度大于所述反射凹口16的开口161的宽度时，势必造成部分电磁波未能进入反射凹口16，进而降低所述天线定向增益的效果；同时，当所述天线机构12的延伸长度小于所述反射凹口16的开口161的宽度时；使得所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163的长度大于所述天线机构12的延伸长度，进而使得所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163起到反射振子走线，进而使得定向高增益天线10呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构12朝向反射凹口16方向的矢量场电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口16朝向天线机构12的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线10电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果；因此，上述设置有效的保证反射式地机构13能够反射更多由天线机构12自由辐射来的电磁波；为实现本公开中天线的定向增益提供了保障。
请参阅图4，在一种实现方式中，所述反射式地机构13的宽度L 2与所述基板11的宽度L 1相同；可以理解，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的底部162处的内侧边缘163至基板11边缘处的宽度L 3，小于所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的底部162处的内侧边缘163,至基板11边缘处的宽度L 4；也就是说，所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163到基板11的边缘的宽度，自所述反射凹口16开口161处至所述反射凹口16的底部162处递增；也即，所述反射凹口16的底部162处宽度小于所述开口161处宽度，进而有效的保证反射式地机构13充分反射，由天线机构12自由辐射来的电磁波；为实现本公开中天线的定向增益提供了保障。
在本实施的一种实现方式中，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的内侧边缘163设置为对称式阶梯状；需要说明的是，所述内侧边缘163相对所述基板11宽度中线相互对称；进而保证了反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的内侧边缘163在反射所述电磁波时，使得被反射的电磁波被朝向特定的方向，即朝着反射凹口16的开口方向聚拢辐射，实现了天线的定向增益。
请进一步结合参阅图5，在另一实施例中，所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163设置为弧形；并且，所述反射凹口16的底部162的宽度小于所述反射凹口16的开口161处宽度；也就是说，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16处的边缘的宽度，自所述反射凹口16的口部向所述反射凹口16的底部递增。需要说明的是，本公开中所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163可以设置为弧形、阶梯状或其它不规则形状，皆可以实现对电磁波朝向天线机构12的定向反射。
在一种实现方式中，所述天线机构12的宽度小于所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的宽度；即所述天线机构12的延伸长度小于所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的开口161处的宽度。进而，有效的保证反射式地机构13充分反射由天线机构12自由辐射来的电磁波；为实现天线的定向增益提供了保障。
在另一实施例中，所述反射式地机构13的反射凹口16的内侧边缘163设置为对称式弧形；需要说明的是，所述内侧边缘163相对所述基板11宽度中线相互对称；具体的，所述反射凹口16结构的内侧边缘163设置为半圆形或半椭圆形。进而保证了反射 式地机构13的反射凹口16的内侧边缘163在反射所述电磁波时，使得被反射的电磁波被朝向特定的方向，即朝着反射凹口16的开口161处方向聚拢辐射，实现了本公开中天线的定向增益。
请结合参阅图6、图7和图8，在一实施例中，所述基板11包括顶层17和底层18，所述顶层17和底层18设置于所述基板11的两相对的端面上；所述顶层17和/或底层18上设置有反射式地机构13；所述顶层17和/或底层18上设置有天线机构12。也就是说，所述反射式地机构13可以设置顶层17或底层18上，以及同时设置于所述顶层17和底层18上；所述天线机构12可以设置顶层17或底层18上，以及同时设置于所述顶层17和底层18上。
在一具体实施例中，所述反射式地机构13包括齐平式金属地131和内凹式金属地132；所述齐平式金属地131设置于所述顶层17上，所述内凹式金属地132设置于所述底层18上；或者，所述齐平式金属地131设置于所述底层18上，所述内凹式金属地132设置于所述顶层17上。可以理解，本实施例中，所述反射式地机构13包括两个独立的金属地，并且设置于所述基板11两个相对的端面上；需要说明的是，所述齐平式金属地131和内凹式金属地132之间设置为相互独立的地机构，两者之间并不存在电连接关系。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射凹口16设置于所述内凹式金属地132上；所述齐平式金属地131设置有平齐式边缘。可以理解的是，所述反射凹口16设置于所述内凹式金属地132朝向所述天线机构12的端面边缘处；通过将所述反射凹口16设置于所述内凹式金属地132上，进而使得所述内凹式金属地132可以有效的实现对天线机构12发射的电磁波的特定方向的聚拢反射。
在另一实施例中，所述定向高增益天线10还包括馈源15和微带线14；所述馈源15设置于所述顶层17或底层18上；所述微带线14用于电连接所述天线机构12和馈源15，以及用于电连接天线机构12和反射式地机构13。需要说明的是，所述馈源15用于为所述天线机构12供电；可以理解，通过设置微带线14和馈源15，进而实现了对天线机构12的电源供应，保证了天线机构12正常发射电磁波。
在一种实现方式中，所述天线机构12包括对称设置的第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122；所述微带线14包括第一微带线141和第二微带线142；所述第一微带线141用于电连接所述第一天线振子121和馈源15；所述第二微带线142用于电连接所述第二天线振子122和内凹式金属地132。在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131设置于所述顶层17上；所述第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和内凹式金属地132设置于所述底层18上。所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122用于将电能转化为电磁波，并朝向四周立体空间发射出去；可以理解，所述顶层17设置有所述第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131；所述底层18设置有第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和内凹式金属地132。
需要说明的是，所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122沿所述基板11的宽度方向延伸，所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142沿所述基板11长度方向延伸；当所述第一微带线141和第一天线振子121连接时呈现L字形；当所述第二微带线142和第二天线振子122连接时呈现L字形；通过设置第一微带线141、第二微带线142和馈源15，有效的为所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122提供了电源供应，保证了所述定向高增益天线10发射电磁波。需要说明的是，在本实施例中的所述齐平式金属地131覆盖所述顶层17长度方向的一半区域，所述第一天线振子121沿所述基板11宽度方向的延伸长度，为所述基板11宽度的一半；所述第一天线振子121沿所述基板11宽度方向的延伸长度为所述基板11顶层17的宽度的一半。可以理解，所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122延伸长度小于所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163的长度，进而使得所述反射凹口16的内侧边缘163起到反射振子的作用，进而使得定向高增益天线10呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构12朝向反射凹口16方向的矢量场电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口16朝向天线机构12的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线10电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。
请结合参阅图9，其中所述A部包括顶层17中的第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和部分齐平式金属地131；在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子121包括依次一体连接的第一连接部1211、第一折弯部1212和第一端部1213，即所述第一折 弯部1212设置于所述第一连接部1211和第一端部1213之间；所述第一连接部1211的一端连接所述第一折弯部1212，另一端连接所述第一微带线141，同时，所述第一折弯部1212的宽度小于所述第一端部1213的宽度；也就是说，所述第一天线振子121中第一折弯部1212的部分走线粗细最细；在本实施的一种实现方式中，所述第一折弯部1212设置为往复折弯形或蛇形。本实施例中的所述蛇形为连续弯曲的形状，比如S形或者多个首尾依次相连的S形组成的形状。可以理解，将所述第一天线振子121的中间部分设置折弯形，进而实现在基板11宽度方向的有限空间内，有效的增加了第一天线振子121的长度，进而有效的保证了所述第一天线振子121达到特定辐射频点，也有效的增加了所述第一天线振子121的感性。在一种实现方式中，通过将所述第一天线振子121的第一折弯部1212的宽度变窄，即将所述第一折弯部1212走线的粗细变细，进而更进一步实现了在基板11宽度方向的有限空间内，有效的增加所述第一折弯部1212的折弯次数，而折弯次数越多第一折弯部1212的走线长度越长，最终显著增加所述第一天线振子121的长度，保证了所述第一天线振子121达到特定分辐射频点；也有效的增加了所述第一天线振子121的感性。
在一种实现方式中，所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142，在所述顶层17和底层18上的位置相对设置，即所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142沿所述基板11厚度方向的正投影重合；所述第一天线振子121在所述顶层17的延伸方向，与所述第二天线振子122在所述底层18上的延伸方向相反，且所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122相对于所述微带线14对称(如图6中所示)；具体的，所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142在沿所述基板11厚度方向的正投影重合；也就是说，所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122沿所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142对称设置；在一种实现方式中，所述第一天线振子121、所述第二天线振子122、所述第一微带线141和第二微带线142沿所述基板11厚度方向的正投影呈T字型；可以理解，通过将所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122对称设置，进而保证了第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122的延伸长度相同，进而保证第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122发射出的电磁波数量和分布均衡相同，进而有效提升天线机构12的辐射强度。
请参阅图10，其中所述B部包括底层18中的第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和部分内凹式金属地132；具体的，所述第二天线振子122沿所述基板11宽度方向的延伸长度为所述基板11宽度的一半。在一种实现方式中，所述第二天线振子122包括依次一体连接的第二连接部1221、第二折弯部1222和第二端部1223，即所述第二折弯部1222设置于所述第二连接部1221和第二端部1223之间；所述第二连接部1221的一端连接所述第二折弯部1222，另一端连接所述第二微带线142；同时，所述第二折弯部1222的宽度小于所述第二端部1223的宽度；也就是说，所述第二天线振子122中第二折弯部1222的部分走线粗细最细；在本实施的一种实现方式中，所述第二折弯部1222设置为往复折弯形或蛇形。可以理解，将所述第二天线振子122的中间部分设置折弯形，进而实现在基板11宽度方向的有限空间内，有效的增加了第二天线振子122的长度，进而有效的保证了所述第二天线振子122达到特定辐射频点，也有效的增加了所述第二天线振子122的感性；在一种实现方式中，通过将所述第二天线振子122的第二折弯部1222的宽度变窄，即将所述第二折弯部1222走线的粗细变细，进而更进一步实现了在基板11宽度方向的有限空间内，有效的增加所述第二折弯部1222的折弯次数，而折弯次数越多第二折弯部1222的走线长度越长，最终显著增加所述第二天线振子122的长度，保证了所述第二天线振子122达到特定分辐射频点；也有效的增加了所述第二天线振子122的感性。
需要强调的是，本公开上述实施例中提供的定向高增益天线10的第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131，还可以设置于所述底层18上；需要说明的是，当所述第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131设置于所述底层18时，所述第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131的自身结构特征以及相互配合连接关系特征，与上述实施例中所述第一天线振子121、第一微带线141、馈源15和齐平式金属地131设置于所述顶层17时相同，在此不再赘述。对应的，本公开上述实施例中提供的定向高增益天线10的第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和所述内凹式金属地132，还可以设置于所述顶层17上；需要说明的是，当所述第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和内凹式金属地132设置于所述顶层17时，所 述第二天线振子122、第二微带线142和内凹式金属地132的自身结构特征以及相互配合连接关系特征，与上述实施例中所述第二天线振子122、所述第二微带线142和所述内凹式金属地132设置于所述底层18时相同，在此不再赘述。
在一种实现方式中，本公开上述实施例中，与所述馈源15电连接的第一天线振子121为天线机构12的有源振子，而与所述第一天线振子121相对设置于所述基板11两端面上的内凹式金属地132，则兼为反射振子的作用；使得定向高增益天线10的天线机构12和反射式地机构13形成等同于天线的有源振子和反射振子的效果，进而使得定向高增益天线10呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构12朝向反射凹口16方向的矢量场电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口16朝向天线机构12的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线10电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。
请进一步结合参阅图11，在一实施例中，所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122还可以同时设置于所述PCB基板11的顶层17或底层18上，两者成一字型设置；此时，所述定向高增益天线10仅仅设置所述第一微带线141即可，所述微带线14一端连接所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122，另一端连接所述馈源15和反射式地机构13。
可以理解的是，所述反射式地机构13可以仅仅包括内凹式金属地132；此时，所述第一天线振子121、第二天线振子122、微带线14、馈源15和内凹式金属地132，可以同时设置于所述基板11的顶层17或底层18上；所述第一天线振子121、第二天线振子122和微带线14呈T字型；所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122各占所述基板11宽度方向的一半，所述内凹式金属地132占用所述基板11长度方向的一半区域；进而有效的反射所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122发射出的电磁波，实现天线的定向增益。
在一种实现方式中，所述反射式地机构13包括内凹式金属地132和齐平式金属地131；此时，所述第一天线振子121、第二天线振子122、微带线14、馈源15和齐平式金属地131，同时设置于所述基板11的顶层17或底层18上，所述内凹式金属地132设置于所述基板11的另一端面上；所述第一天线振子121、第二天线振子122和微带线 14呈T字型；所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122各占所述基板11宽度方向的一半，所述内凹式金属地132占用所述基板11长度方向的一半区域；进而有效的反射所述第一天线振子121和第二天线振子122发射出的电磁波，实现天线的定向增益。
在一实施例中，所述基板11设置为PCB基板，所述PCB基板设置为长方体，其长度为33mm，厚度为1.6mm；所述顶层17和底层18设置为PCB基板11两最大面积的端面，所述反射式地机构13设置于所述PCB基板11端面长度方向的一半。
在另一实施例中，本公开还提供一种遥控设备，所述遥控设备用于遥控其它装置；所述遥控设备包括如本公开上述实施例中所述的定向高增益天线10。
具体的，所述遥控设备设置为2.4G遥控设备，所述遥控设备可以设置为电视遥控器、空调遥控器、风扇遥控器或汽车遥控器等。
综上所述，本公开提供了一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备，所述定向高增益天线包括：基板；设置于所述基板上的反射式地机构和天线机构；所述反射式地机构设置有一开口朝向所述天线机构的，用于反射所述天线机构的电磁波的反射凹口。可以理解，所述天线机构设置为有源振子天线结构；同时，所述反射式地机构则兼为定向高增益天线的反射振子的作用；在一种实现方式中，通过在所述反射式机构上开设反射凹口，即将反射式地机构局部挖开形成反射凹口，而反射凹口的内部边缘形成的曲线或折线效果，相当于反射振子走线，进而使得定向高增益天线的天线机构和反射式地机构形成等同于天线的有源振子和反射振子的效果，进而使得定向高增益天线呈现电流相位滞后效果，在天线机构朝向反射凹口方向的矢量场电磁波矢量场呈现叠加抵消，而在反射凹口朝向天线机构的方向的电磁波矢量场呈现叠加增强，最终使得定向高增益天线电磁波辐射呈现定向增益的效果。需要强调的是，本公开中的定向高增益天线在特定方向的增益高达3.5dBi；也就是说，所述定向高增益天线中反射式地机构的反射凹口的开口的方向的增益高达3.5dBi；进而，使得所述天线中电磁波反射聚拢方向的增益是其相反方向增益的比为3.1-8.6；也就是说，所述天线朝向反射式地机构的反射凹口的开口方向的增益，与其相反方向的增益的比为3.1-8.6。
应当理解的是，本公开的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说， 可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本公开所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种定向高增益天线，用于遥控设备，其中，包括：
    基板；
    以及设置于所述基板上的反射式地机构和天线机构；
    所述反射式地机构设置有一开口朝向所述天线机构的且用于反射所述天线机构的电磁波的反射凹口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述反射凹口的内侧边缘设置为阶梯状或弧形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述反射凹口的底部尺寸小于所述反射凹口的口部尺寸。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述基板包括设置于两相对端面的顶层和底层；
    所述顶层和/或底层上设置有所述反射式地机构；
    所述顶层和/或底层上设置有所述天线机构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述反射式地机构包括内凹式金属地和齐平式金属地；
    所述内凹式金属地设置于底层上，所述齐平式金属地设置于顶层上；或者，所述内凹式金属地设置于顶层上，所述齐平式金属地设置于底层上；
    所述反射凹口设置于所述内凹式金属地上；所述齐平式金属地设置有平齐式边缘。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述定向高增益天线还包括馈源和微带线；
    所述馈源设置于所述顶层或所述底层上；
    所述微带线用于电连接所述天线机构和所述馈源，以及用于电连接所述天线机构和反射式地机构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述天线机构包括对称设置的第一天线振子和第二天线振子；
    所述微带线包括第一微带线和第二微带线；
    所述第一微带线用于电连接所述第一天线振子和所述馈源；
    所述第二微带线用于电连接所述第二天线振子和所述内凹式金属地。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述第一天线振子、所述第一微带线、所述馈源和所述齐平式金属地设置于所述顶层上；
    所述第二天线振子、所述第二微带线和所述内凹式金属地设置于所述底层上；
    所述第一微带线和所述第二微带线在所述顶层和所述底层上正投影重合；
    所述第一天线振子在所述顶层上的延伸方向，与所述第二天线振子在所述底层上的延伸方向相反，且相对于所述微带线对称设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的定向高增益天线，其中，所述第一天线振子和第二天线振子沿所述基板的宽度方向延伸，所述第一微带线和所述第二微带线沿所述基板长度方向延伸；当所述第一微带线和所述第一天线振子连接时呈L字形；当所述第二微带线和所述第二天线振子连接时呈L字形。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述第一微带线、所述第二微带线、所述第一天线振子和所述第二天线振子，在所述基板厚度方向的正投影呈T字型。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述第一天线振子包括一体连接的第一连接部、第一折弯部和第一端部；
    所述第二天线振子包括一体连接的第二连接部、第二折弯部和第二端部。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述第一连接部一端连接所述第一微带线；所述第一折弯部的宽度小于所述第一端部和第一连接部，其设置为蛇形；
    所述第二连接部一端连接所述第二微带线；所述第二折弯部的宽度小于所述第二端部和第二连接部，其设置为蛇形。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述第一天线振子和所述第二天线振子沿所述基板宽度方向的延伸长度皆为所述 基板宽度的一半。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的定向高增益天线，其中，
    所述基板设置为PCB基板，所述PCB基板设置为长方体，其长度为33mm，厚度为1.6mm。
  15. 一种遥控设备，其中，包括:如权利要求1-14任一项所述的定向高增益天线。
PCT/CN2020/103540 2019-08-29 2020-07-22 一种定向高增益天线及遥控设备 Ceased WO2021036596A1 (zh)

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