WO2021036552A1 - 通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质 - Google Patents

通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2021036552A1
WO2021036552A1 PCT/CN2020/101811 CN2020101811W WO2021036552A1 WO 2021036552 A1 WO2021036552 A1 WO 2021036552A1 CN 2020101811 W CN2020101811 W CN 2020101811W WO 2021036552 A1 WO2021036552 A1 WO 2021036552A1
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channel
onu
olt
channel switching
oam
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PCT/CN2020/101811
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邱言斌
蔡立勇
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP20856793.3A priority Critical patent/EP4024883A4/en
Publication of WO2021036552A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036552A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064—Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0086—Network resource allocation, dimensioning or optimisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0088—Signalling aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1301—Optical transmission, optical switches

Definitions

  • This article relates to the field of communications, in particular to a channel switching method, device and system, and storage medium.
  • the 40 Gigabit-capable passive optical network NG-PON2 (40 Gigabit-capable passive optical network, 40NG -In PON2), an implementation method for increasing the bandwidth of a passive optical network PON (Passive Optical Network, PON) system through wavelength division multiplexing is added.
  • the symmetrical 40G bandwidth of the PON system can be achieved through the integration of 4 wavelength channels , But for the optical network unit ONU (Optical Network Unit, ONU), the maximum bandwidth is still symmetrical 10G. It is still unable to meet the explosive growth of user network bandwidth requirements. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the bandwidth of the PON system, and 100G PON emerges at the historic moment.
  • the 100G PON system cannot dynamically manage the channels. There is no effective solution at present.
  • This article provides a channel switching method, device, system, and storage medium to solve the problem that the 100G PON system cannot dynamically perform channel management in related technologies.
  • the embodiments of this document provide a channel switching method, including: ONU manages OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance, OAM) channels to optical line terminal OLT (optical line terminal, OLT) through initial operation and maintenance.
  • OAM Operaation Administration and Maintenance
  • SN Serial Number
  • the embodiment of this document provides a channel switching method, which includes: the OLT receives the first SN registration message sent by the ONU through the initial OAM channel; and determines according to the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel and the bandwidth information of each channel Channel switching strategy of the ONU; sending a first response message to the ONU, wherein the first response message carries the channel switching strategy of the ONU, wherein the channel switching strategy is used to instruct the ONU to perform channel switching according to the channel switching strategy.
  • the embodiment of this document also provides a channel switching system, including an ONU and an OLT.
  • the ONU sends a first SN registration message to the OLT through the initial OAM channel, and the OLT uses the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel and each The bandwidth occupation information of the channel determines the channel switching strategy of the ONU; the OLT sends a first response message to the ONU, wherein the first response message carries the channel switching strategy of the ONU; the ONU performs channel switching according to the channel switching strategy.
  • the embodiments herein also provide a channel switching device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a communication bus; the communication bus is used to realize the connection and communication between the above-mentioned processor and the above-mentioned memory; the processor is used to execute the memory One or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the channel switching method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; or, the processor is used to execute one or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps as described in the right Any one of 5 to 8 of the above-mentioned channel switching method steps is required.
  • the embodiments of this document also provide a storage medium, the storage medium stores at least one of a first channel switching program and a second channel switching program, and the above-mentioned first channel switching program can be executed by one or more processors ,
  • the second channel switching program can be executed by one or more processors to realize the above-mentioned method according to any one of claims 5 to 8. The steps of the channel switching method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a channel switching method in the first embodiment of this document
  • Fig. 2 is an example one of the channel switching scheme in the first embodiment of this document;
  • Fig. 3 is an example 2 of the channel switching scheme in the first embodiment of this document;
  • Fig. 4 is an example three of the channel switching scheme in the first embodiment of this document.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another channel switching method in the second embodiment of this document.
  • Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the Burst_Profile message in the second embodiment of this article.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of the correspondence between byte 40 in the Burst_Profile message and the OLT channel in the second embodiment of this document;
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a channel switching system in the third embodiment of this document.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a channel switching device in the fourth embodiment of this document.
  • the traditional 100G PON multi-rate ONU coexistence device adopts physical layer operation management and maintenance PLOAM (Physical Layer Operations Administration and Maintenance, PLOAM) messages to report ONU rate information to OLT, OLT Channel management and bandwidth allocation are performed on ONUs through fixed channel binding.
  • PLOAM Physical Layer Operations Administration and Maintenance
  • the PLOAM message that reports the ONU rate information needs to expand the field on the basis of the relevant SN registration message to indicate the ONU rate information, and the reporting process requires three stages of identification, filling, and reporting. The process is complicated and affects the user's online time; fixed channel binding method , Because the channel is fixed, the OLT cannot dynamically allocate bandwidth to other channels. This easily causes uneven data channel bandwidth allocation.
  • the bandwidth allocation on some channels has reached the maximum 25G, and the bandwidth allocation on some channels is very small. This is because of the fixed bandwidth. The uneven bandwidth allocation caused by channel binding will eventually lead to low bandwidth utilization of the 100G PON system, and the performance of the 100G PON will be seriously affected.
  • the first embodiment herein provides a channel switching method.
  • the process of the method is shown in FIG. 1 and includes steps S102 to S106.
  • the ONU sends a first SN registration message to the OLT through the initial OAM channel, where the first SN registration message is used to instruct the OLT to determine the channel of the ONU according to the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel and the bandwidth occupation information of each channel Handover strategy;
  • the initial OAM channel includes one of the following: when the above-mentioned ONU is a 25G ONU, the initial OAM channel is the first channel; when the above-mentioned ONU is a 50G ONU, the initial OAM channel is the second channel; When the ONU is a 100G ONU, the initial OAM channel mentioned above is the third channel.
  • the ONU is powered on to obtain the hardware rate information and save it locally.
  • the ONU starts the corresponding OAM channel according to the hardware rate information and the initial OAM channel binding scheme; in the pre-registration stage, the OLT uses the first SN registration message reported by the preset initial OAM channel. Identify the hardware rate information of the ONU.
  • the specific initial OAM channel preset scheme is: (1) When the 25G ONU starts, according to the hardware rate information, the early OAM interaction needs to work on channel 1 (that is, the first channel), and the SN in the early stage of channel switching The registration message interaction is carried out on channel 1.
  • the OLT After the SN registration message is reported, the OLT obtains the hardware rate information of the ONU and the vendor-specific serial number VSSN (Vendor-specific serial number, VSSN) information, and the OLT will issue a channel switch
  • the ONU performs channel switching and re-initiates registration on the new channel; (2)
  • the 50G ONU starts, according to the rate information, the early OAM interaction needs to work on channel 2 (that is, the second channel), and the SN registration in the early stage of channel switching Message interaction is carried out on channel 2.
  • the OLT After the SN registration message is reported, the OLT will obtain the hardware rate information and VSSN information of the ONU, and the OLT will issue the channel switching strategy, the ONU will switch the channel, and re-initiate registration on the new channel. ; (3) When the 100G ONU starts, according to the rate information, the early OAM interaction needs to work on channel 3 (that is, the third channel), and the SN registration message interaction in the early stage of channel switching is performed on channel 3. When the SN registration message is reported Later, after the OLT obtains the hardware rate information and VSSN information of the ONU, the OLT will issue a channel switching strategy, and the ONU performs channel switching and re-initiates registration on the new channel.
  • the OAM channel binding is performed according to the above initial OAM channel binding scheme.
  • This OAM fixed channel binding method is only a way to transmit ONU hardware rate information and SN registration information. This method It does not represent the final OAM channel and service channel binding method.
  • the final OAM channel binding and service channel binding are determined by the channel switching strategy information and VSSN information carried by the OLT through the Burst_Profile message.
  • the S104 Receive a first response message sent by the OLT, where the first response message carries the channel switching strategy of the ONU; in this embodiment, the first response message may be a burst profile Burst_Profile message, where the above Burst_Profile message includes the above The hardware rate information of the ONU and the VSSN information used to identify the above-mentioned ONU.
  • the first response message may be a burst profile Burst_Profile message, where the above Burst_Profile message includes the above The hardware rate information of the ONU and the VSSN information used to identify the above-mentioned ONU.
  • the OLT receives the SN registration message on the initial OAM channel, and can parse out the hardware rate information of the ONU according to the initial OAM channel.
  • the OLT calculates a reasonable dynamic channel switching scheme according to the bandwidth occupancy of each channel.
  • Figure 2 is an example 1 of the channel switching solution in the first embodiment of this article.
  • 25G ONU1 works on channel 1 (ie, channel 1) and occupies a larger bandwidth of channel 1
  • the channel management module ie, channel management
  • the channel management module installed inside or outside the OLT may notify the other three ONUs to switch channels through the Burst_Profile message, that is, 25G ONU 2 works on channel 2 (ie, channel 2).
  • 25G ONU3 works on channel 3 (that is, chanel 3)
  • ONU4 works on channel 4 (that is, chanel4).
  • the OLT parses ONU2 as 25G ONU according to the SN registration message.
  • the OLT issues Burst_Profile The message informs ONU2 to switch to channel 2 to avoid sharing channel 1 with ONU1.
  • ONU2 switches to channel 2 after receiving the Burst_Profile message and re-initiates the SN registration message interaction.
  • the OLT judges that ONU1 and ONU2 are not in the same channel, allowing ONU2 goes online and works on channel 2.
  • Figure 3 is the second example of the channel switching scheme in the first embodiment of this paper. As shown in Figure 3, when 50G ONU1 works on channel 1 (ie, channel 1), channel 2 (ie, channel 2), and occupies In the case of channels 1 and 2 with a large bandwidth, a dynamic channel switching solution under the coexistence of two 50G ONUs.
  • 50G ONUs work on two channels, and the channels are not fixed and can be dynamically switched, that is, 50G ONUs can work on any 2 channels from 1 to 4, and the specific channels are controlled by the OLT.
  • the OLT is The 100G OLT, in an optional embodiment, may also be controlled by a channel management module (ie, channel management) provided inside or outside the OLT.
  • the OLT resolves ONU2 to 50G ONU according to the SN registration message, in order to meet the requirements of a single The ONU bandwidth is maximized.
  • the OLT sends a Burst_Profile message to notify ONU2 to switch to channels 3 and 4 to avoid sharing channels 1, 2 with ONU1.
  • ONU2 After receiving the Burst_Profile message, ONU2 switches to channels 3 and 4, re-initiates SN registration message interaction, and the OLT receives After the SN registration message is received, it is determined that ONU1 and ONU2 are not in the same channel, and ONU2 is allowed to go online and work on channels 3 and 4.
  • Figure 4 is an example three of the channel switching scheme in the first embodiment of this article. As shown in Figure 4, when a 100G ONU 4 works on channel 1 (ie, channel 1), channel 2 (ie, channel 2), and channel 3 (Ie, channel 3), channel 4 (ie, channel 4), and occupies a large bandwidth of channels 1, 2, 3, and 4, dynamic channel switching solutions in scenarios where 25G, 50G, and 100G ONUs coexist.
  • the OLT in this scenario is a 100G OLT.
  • it can also be a channel management module installed inside or outside the OLT. (Ie, channel management)
  • a Burst_Profile message is issued to notify ONU1 to switch to channel 1.
  • ONU1 switches to channel 1 to initiate SN registration message interaction again, and the OLT receives the SN registration message After that, ONU1 is allowed to go online and work on channel 1.
  • the OLT When 25G ONU2 is connected, the OLT resolves to 25G ONU according to the SN registration message. Since 25 ONU1 is already working on channel 1 and uses channel 1 together with 100 ONU4, in order to maximize the bandwidth of a single ONU, the OLT issues a Burst_Profile message to notify ONU2 to switch To channel 2, and allow ONU2 to work on channel 2.
  • the OLT parses 50G ONU according to the rate information in the SN registration message during the SN registration message exchange stage. Since channel 1 and 2 are already occupied by 25G ONU1, 25G ONU2, and 100G ONU4, and the remaining bandwidth is tight, this In order to maximize the bandwidth of the newly connected ONU3, the OLT issues Burst_Profile to notify ONU3 to switch to channels 3 and 4. After receiving the Burst_Profile message, ONU3 switches to channels 3 and 4 and re-initiates SN registration. After the OLT receives the SN, Determine that ONU3 is not in the same channel as ONU1 and ONU2, and allow ONU3 to go online and work on channels 3 and 4. The 100G ONU works on four channels, and the channels are fixed.
  • S106 Perform channel switching according to the foregoing channel switching strategy.
  • the method after channel switching further includes: sending a second SN registration message to the OLT through the switched OAM channel, and receiving a second response message from the OLT, wherein the second response message carries the permission to allow the ONU to be in the Authorization message for data transmission on the switched OAM channel.
  • the OLT in the channel switching method in this embodiment uses the first SN registration message from the preset original OAM channel to identify the ONU rate, and there is no need to expand the reported first SN registration message, which simplifies the ONU rate reporting process, and at the same time
  • the OLT of this method adopts the dynamic channel variable method of optimal bandwidth allocation, and sends the channel binding strategy of the ONU, the VSSN information used to identify the ONU, and the hardware rate information of the ONU to the ONU through the Burst_Profile message.
  • the Burst_Profile message that meets its requirements is filtered through the VSSN information and hardware rate information, and the channel is switched according to the hardware rate information in the Burst_Profile message, and the ONU performs data exchange on the successfully switched channel.
  • the above-mentioned channel switching method provided in this embodiment makes 100G PON not only compatible with registering multi-rate ONUs, but also simplifies the ONU rate reporting process, adopts a reasonable dynamic channel management method, and achieves fine-grained control of channel bandwidth allocation.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another channel switching method in the second embodiment of this document, as shown in FIG. 5,
  • the channel switching method includes the following steps.
  • the OLT receives the first SN registration message sent by the ONU through the initial OAM channel; the initial OAM channel includes the following three scenarios.
  • the initial OAM channel is the first channel; when the ONU is 50G ONU , The foregoing initial OAM channel is the second channel; when the foregoing ONU is a 100G ONU, the foregoing initial OAM channel is the third channel.
  • the ONU is bound through the initial OAM channel, so that the OLT can understand the rate mode of the ONU, thereby solving the problem of compatibility with 25G/50G PON ONU in a 100G PON system.
  • Using this compatible method can ensure that the 100G PON system is compatible with 25G/50G ONUs at the initial stage of deployment, and it is convenient for subsequent upgrades to 100G ONUs.
  • S504 Determine the channel switching strategy of the ONU according to the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel and the bandwidth information of each channel; the OLT will determine the hardware rate of the ONU according to the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel; The number of channels N required by the ONU is determined according to the hardware rate of the ONU; the N channels with the least bandwidth occupation ratio are determined according to the bandwidth occupation information of each channel, where the above N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • S506 Send a first response message to the ONU, where the first response message carries the channel switching strategy of the ONU, where the channel switching strategy is used to instruct the ONU to perform channel switching according to the channel switching strategy.
  • the first response message may be a Burst_Profile message, where the Burst_Profile message includes the hardware rate information of the ONU and the VSSN information used to identify the ONU.
  • Figure 6 is a structure diagram of the Burst_Profile message in the second embodiment of this article.
  • the content of the specified Burst Profile message can be filled in according to the standard; the byte number is 36-39: VSSN information, and the VSSN field in the SN message is filled to indicate the VSSN information reported to the ONU; the byte number is 40: OLT channel information includes ONU channel mode message (ie, OnuChannelMode), 0000LLLL: 4 bits, each bit represents a channel, the low bit represents channel 1, and the high bit represents channel 4.
  • Figure 7 will explain this field in detail; byte The number is 41-48: MIC (Messages Integrity Check, message integrity check), the message integrity check field, calculated and filled according to standard requirements.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of the correspondence between byte 40 in the Burst_Profile message and the OLT channel in the second embodiment of this article, 0000LLLL: 4 bits, each bit represents a channel, the low bit represents channel 1, and the high bit represents channel 4.
  • the Burst_Profile message proposed in this embodiment mainly modifies the F field of byte 5 to indicate ONU hardware rate information, adds bytes 36-39 bytes of VSSN information to identify ONUs, and adds byte 40 for Represents channel information.
  • the ONU screens the Burst_Profile messages for different VSSN information issued by the OLT, discards the Burst_Profile messages that do not meet its rate information and VSSN information, and analyzes the channel information in the Burst_Profile messages that meet its rate information and VSSN information, and Save to local;
  • the ONU performs channel switching according to the channel information in the Burst_Profile message, and re-initiates registration on the new OAM channel. After receiving the registration request sent by the ONU on the corresponding channel, the OLT issues a corresponding response message.
  • the above-mentioned authorization message for data transmission on the switched OAM channel allows the ONU to go online. After the ONU is successfully registered, data exchange is performed on the corresponding channel.
  • the rate channel information in the periodic Burst_Profile message issued by the OLT is no longer analyzed.
  • the sending of ONU channel binding information through the Burst_Profile message mentioned in this embodiment is merely an example for clear description, and not a limitation on the sending of the message.
  • other downlink PLOAM messages in the 989.3 standard can also be used as the carrier of rate information.
  • the third embodiment of this document provides a channel switching system, as shown in FIG. 8, including ONU 802 and OLT 804.
  • the ONU 802 sends the first SN registration message to the OLT 804 through the initial OAM channel, and the OLT 804 is based on the initial OAM channel.
  • the corresponding hardware rate information and bandwidth occupancy information of each channel determine the channel switching strategy of the ONU802; the OLT804 sends a first response message to the ONU802, where the first response message carries the channel switching strategy of the ONU802; the ONU802 according to The above-mentioned channel switching strategy performs channel switching.
  • the OLT804 determining the channel switching strategy specifically includes: the OLT804 determines the hardware rate of the ONU802 according to the hardware rate information corresponding to the initial OAM channel; determines the number of channels N required by the ONU802 according to the hardware rate of the ONU802; and according to the bandwidth of each channel
  • the occupancy information determines the N channels with the least bandwidth occupancy ratio, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the fourth embodiment of this document provides a storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores at least one of a first channel switching program and a second channel switching program, and the first channel switching program can be processed by one or more
  • the above-mentioned second channel switching program can be executed by one or more processors to realize the steps of the channel switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The steps of the above-mentioned channel switching method.
  • this embodiment also provides an architecture of a channel switching device. As shown in FIG. 9, it includes a processor 902, a memory 904, and a communication bus 906; the communication bus 906 is used to implement the communication between the processor 902 and the memory 904.
  • the aforementioned processor 902 is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the aforementioned memory 904 to implement the steps of the aforementioned channel switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; or, the aforementioned processor 902 uses One or more programs stored in the memory 904 are executed to implement the steps of the channel switching method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.
  • the functional modules/units in the system, and the device can be implemented as software (which can be implemented by the program code executable by the computing device) , Firmware, hardware and their appropriate combination.
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may consist of several physical components. The components are executed cooperatively.
  • Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit .
  • the computer-readable medium may include computer storage. Medium (or non-transitory medium) and communication medium (or temporary medium).
  • medium or non-transitory medium
  • communication medium or temporary medium
  • the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile data implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Sexual, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media include but are not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other storage technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or Any other medium used to store desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media usually contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery media. . Therefore, this article is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本文实施例公开了一种通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质，其中，所述方法包括ONU通过初始OAM通道向OLT发送第一SN注册消息，其中，所述第一SN注册消息用于指示所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略；ONU接收所述OLT发送的第一响应消息，其中，所述第一响应消息携带所述ONU的通道切换策略；ONU根据所述通道切换策略进行通道切换。

Description

通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质
本文要求享有2019年08月29日提交的名称为“通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质”的中国专利申请CN201910810985.7的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本文涉及通讯领域，特别是涉及一种通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质。
背景技术
随着4K/8K高清视频、智慧城市等新技术、新应用的发展，宽带产业正在经历新一轮的提速，在40吉比特无源光网络NG-PON2(40 Gigabit-capable passive optical network，40NG-PON2)中，增加了通过波分复用来提升无源光纤网络PON(Passive Optical Network，PON)系统带宽的实现方法，通过4个波长通道合一的方式，能够实现PON系统对称40G的带宽，但是对于光网络单元ONU(Optical Network Unit，ONU)来说，最大带宽依然是对称10G。仍然不能满足用户网络带宽需求呈现爆炸式增长，因此，对于PON系统的带宽提出了更高的要求，100G PON应运而生。
近年来100G PON系统中25G、50G、100G多速率ONU发展迅速，由于多速率ONU的共存，100G PON系统的业务承载能力将成指数增长，传统的100G PON多速率ONU共存的绑定固定通道的方式已经很难适应现有100G PON系统对通道宽带利用率要求逐步提高的现状。
针对100G PON系统中业务带宽和通道有限的情况下，100G PON系统无法动态的进行通道管理的问题，目前尚未存在有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本文提供了一种通道切换方法、装置及系统、存储介质，用以解决相关技术中100G PON系统无法动态的进行通道管理的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，第一方面，本文实施例提供一种通道切换方法，包括：ONU通过初始操作维护管理OAM(Operation Administration and Maintenance，OAM)通道向光 线路终端OLT(optical line terminal，OLT)发送第一序列号SN(Serial Number，SN)注册消息，其中，第一SN注册消息用于指示OLT根据与初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定ONU的通道切换策略；接收OLT发送的第一响应消息，其中，第一响应消息携带ONU的通道切换策略；根据通道切换策略进行通道切换。
第二方面，本文实施例提供一种通道切换方法，包括：OLT接收ONU通过初始OAM通道发送的第一SN注册消息；根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽信息确定ONU的通道切换策略；向ONU发送第一响应消息，其中，上述第一响应消息携带ONU的通道切换策略，其中，上述通道切换策略用于指示ONU根据上述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
第三方面，本文实施例还提供了一种通道切换系统，包括ONU和OLT，ONU通过初始OAM通道向OLT发送第一SN注册消息，OLT根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定上述ONU的通道切换策略；上述OLT向上述ONU发送第一响应消息，其中，上述第一响应消息携带上述ONU的通道切换策略；上述ONU根据上述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
第四方面，本文实施例还提供了一种通道切换装置，通道切换装置包括处理器、存储器及通信总线；通信总线用于实现上述处理器和上述存储器之间的连接通信；处理器用于执行存储器中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤；或者，处理器用于执行上述存储器中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤。
第五方面，本文实施例还提供了一种存储介质，存储介质存储有第一通道切换程序和第二通道切换程序中的至少一个，上述第一通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤；上述第二通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本文技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本文的实施例一起用于解释本文的技术方案，并不构成对本文技术方案的限制。
图1是本文第一实施例中一种通道切换方法的流程示意图；
图2是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例一；
图3是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例二；
图4是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例三；
图5是本文第二实施例中另一种通道切换方法的流程示意图；
图6是本文第二实施例中Burst_Profile消息的结构图；
图7是本文第二实施例中Burst_Profile消息中的字节40与OLT通道的对应关系图；
图8是本文第三实施例中一种通道切换系统的架构图；
图9是本文第四实施例中一种通道切换装置的架构图。
具体实施方式
为使本文的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文中将结合附图对本文的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本文中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
相关技术中多速率25G/50G/100GONU兼容注册时，传统100G PON多速率ONU共存装置采用物理层操作管理和维护PLOAM(Physical Layer Operations Administration and Maintenance，PLOAM)消息来上报ONU速率信息给OLT，OLT通过固定通道绑定方式来对ONU进行通道管理和带宽分配。上报ONU速率信息的PLOAM消息需要在相关SN注册消息基础上进行扩充字段来表示ONU速率信息，并且上报过程需要识别、填充、上报三个阶段，过程复杂，影响用户上线时间；固定通道绑定方式,因为通道固定，OLT没法动态带宽分配到其他通道，这样容易造成数据通道带宽分配不均匀，一部分通道上的带宽分配已达最大25G，一部分的通道上带宽分配又很少，这种因为固定通道绑定而引起的带宽分配不均匀问题，最终会导致100G PON系统带宽利用率不高，100G PON的性能会受到严重影响。
实施例一
本文第一实施例提供了一种通道切换方法，该方法的流程如图1所示，包括步骤 S102至S106。
S102，ONU通过初始OAM通道向OLT发送第一SN注册消息，其中，第一SN注册消息用于指示OLT根据与初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定上述ONU的通道切换策略；本实施例中，初始OAM通道包括如下之一：当上述ONU为25G ONU时，初始OAM通道为第一通道；当上述ONU为50G ONU时，初始OAM通道为第二通道；当上述ONU为100G ONU时，上述初始OAM通道为第三通道。
ONU上电启动获取硬件速率信息，保存在本地，ONU根据硬件速率信息和初始OAM通道绑定方案，启动对应的OAM通道；注册前期OLT通过预置的初始OAM通道上报的第一SN注册消息来识别ONU的硬件速率信息，具体初始OAM通道预置方案为：(1)25G ONU启动时，根据硬件速率信息，前期OAM交互需要工作在通道1(即，第一通道)，通道切换前期的SN注册消息交互都在通道1上进行，当上报SN注册消息完成后，OLT获得ONU的硬件速率信息和供应商特定序列号VSSN(Vendor-specific serial number，VSSN)信息后，OLT会下发通道切换策略，ONU进行通道切换，在新的通道上重新发起注册；(2)50G ONU启动时，根据速率信息，前期OAM交互需要工作在通道2(即，第二通道)，通道切换前期的SN注册消息交互都在通道2上进行，当上报SN注册消息完成后，OLT获得ONU的硬件速率信息和VSSN信息后，OLT会下发通道切换策略，ONU进行通道切换，在新的通道上重新发起注册；(3)100G ONU启动时，根据速率信息，前期OAM交互需要工作在通道3(即，第三通道),通道切换前期的SN注册消息交互都在通道3上进行，当上报SN注册消息完成后，OLT获得ONU的硬件速率信息和VSSN信息后，OLT会下发通道切换策略，ONU进行通道切换，在新的通道上重新发起注册。
在本实施例中，ONU启动时，按照如上初始OAM通道绑定方案进行OAM通道绑定，此OAM固定通道绑定方法，仅是一种传递ONU硬件速率信息和SN注册信息的方式，此方法并不代表最终的OAM通道和业务通道的绑定方法，最终的OAM通道绑定和业务通道绑定是由OLT通过Burst_Profile消息携带的通道切换策略信息和VSSN信息决定的。
S104，接收OLT发送的第一响应消息，其中，第一响应消息携带上述ONU的通道切换策略；本实施例中，第一响应消息可以为突发配置文件Burst_Profile消息，其中，上述Burst_Profile消息包括上述ONU的硬件速率信息和用于识别上述ONU的VSSN信 息。
OLT在初始OAM通道上接收到SN注册消息,根据初始OAM通道可以解析出该ONU的硬件速率信息，OLT根据各个通道的带宽占用情况，进行合理的的动态通道切换方案计算。
下面结合附图列举了100G OLT动态通道切换方案的以下几种实现方式。
(1)图2是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例一，如图2所示，当25G ONU1工作在通道1(即，chanel 1)，且占用通道1较大带宽的情况下，4个25G ONU共存状态时，由于25G ONU1占用通道1较大带宽，当其他3个25G ONU通过初始OAM通道上报硬件速率信息后,OLT识别出是多25G ONU共存场景，此时OLT，在一个可选实施例中也可以是设置于OLT内部或外部的通道管理模块(即，channel management)通过Burst_Profile消息通知其他3个ONU进行通道切换，即25G ONU2工作在通道2(即，chanel 2)，25G ONU3工作在通道3(即，chanel 3)，ONU4工作在通道4(即，chanel4)。
在实施例一中，当仅ONU1工作在通道1，ONU2接入OLT时，在SN注册消息交互阶段，OLT根据SN注册消息解析ONU2为25G ONU,为满足单个ONU带宽最大化,OLT下发Burst_Profile消息通知ONU2切换到通道2，避免与ONU1共用通道1，ONU2收到Burst_Profile消息后切换到通道2，重新发起SN注册消息交互，OLT收到SN注册消息后，判断ONU1与ONU2不在同一通道，允许ONU2上线并工作在通道2。
(2)图3是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例二，如图3所示，当50G ONU1工作在通道1(即，channel 1),通道2(即，channel 2)，且占用通道1,2较大带宽的情况下，2个50G ONU共存状态下动态通道切换方案。
针对多50G ONU共存场景，50G ONU工作在两个通道上，通道不固定可以动态切换，即50G ONU可以工作在1-4的任意2个通道上，具体通道由OLT控制，本场景下OLT为100G OLT，在一个可选实施例中也可以是由设置于OLT内部或外部的通道管理模块(即，channel management)控制。
当仅50G ONU1工作在通道1,2，并且占用通道1,2较大带宽情况下，ONU2接入OLT时，在SN注册消息交互阶段，OLT根据SN注册消息解析ONU2为50G ONU,为满足单个ONU带宽最大化,OLT下发Burst_Profile消息通知ONU2切换到通道3，4，避免与ONU1共用通道1，2，ONU2收到Burst_Profile消息后切换到通道3，4，重新发起SN注册消息交互，OLT收到SN注册消息后，判断ONU1与ONU2不在同一通道，允许 ONU2上线并工作在通道3,4。
(3)图4是本文第一实施例中通道切换方案的示例三，如图4所示，当100G ONU4工作在通道1(即，channel 1),通道2(即，channel 2),通道3(即，channel 3),通道4(即，channel 4)，且占用通道1,2,3,4较大带宽的情况下，25G、50G、100G ONU共存的场景下动态通道切换方案。
由于100G ONU4占用4个通道，并且上行带宽占用较大，当25G ONU1接入时，本场景下OLT为100G OLT，在一个可选实施例中也可以是设置于OLT内部或外部的通道管理模块(即，channel management)根据SN注册消息解析为25G ONU，下发Burst_Profile消息通知ONU1切换到通道1，ONU1收到Burst_Profile消息后，切换到通道1重新发起SN注册消息交互，OLT接收到SN注册消息后，允许ONU1上线并工作在通道1。
当25G ONU2接入时，OLT根据SN注册消息解析为25G ONU，由于25 ONU1已经工作在通道1并且和100 ONU4共同使用通道1，为满足单个ONU带宽最大化,OLT下发Burst_Profile消息通知ONU2切换到通道2，并允许ONU2工作在通道2上。
当50G ONU3接入时，OLT在SN注册消息交互阶段，根据SN注册消息中速率信息解析为50G ONU，由于通道1,2已经被25G ONU1，25G ONU2，100G ONU4共同占用并且剩余带宽紧张，此时为满足新接入ONU3的带宽最大化，OLT下发Burst_Profile通知ONU3切换到通道3,4，ONU3收到Burst_Profile消息后，切换到通道3,4并重新发起SN注册，OLT收到SN后，判断ONU3与ONU1，ONU2不在相同通道，允许ONU3上线并工作在通道3,4。100G ONU工作在四个通道上，通道是固定的。
S106，根据上述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
本实施例中，通道切换后方法还包括：通过切换后的OAM通道向上述OLT发送第二SN注册消息，接收上述OLT的第二响应消息，其中，上述第二响应消息携带允许上述ONU在上述切换后的OAM通道上进行数据传输的授权消息。
本实施例中的通道切换方法的OLT通过预置的原始OAM通道上来的第一SN注册消息来做ONU速率识别，不需要对上报的第一SN注册消息进行扩充，简化ONU速率上报过程，同时该方法的OLT根据带宽占用情况，采用带宽最优分配的动态通道可变方法，通Burst_Profile消息下发ONU的通道绑定策略、用于识别ONU的VSSN信息和ONU的硬件速率信息给ONU，ONU通过VSSN信息和硬件速率信息筛选符合其要求的Burst_Profile消息，按照Burst_Profile消息中的硬件速率信息进行通道切换，ONU在切换 成功的通道上进行数据交互。
本实施例提供的上述通道切换方法，使得100G PON不仅仅能够兼容注册多速率ONU，而且简化了ONU速率上报流程，采用合理的动态通道管理方法,对通道的带宽分配做到细粒度的控制，合理分配业务带宽到空闲或者信道占用比例相对最小的通道，避免相同通道的业务拥堵，进而提高100G PON系统的性能。
实施例二
本文第二实施例提供了另一种通道切换方法，图5是本文第二实施例中另一种通道切换方法的流程示意图，如图5所示，
该通道切换方法包括如下步骤。
S502：OLT接收ONU通过初始OAM通道发送的第一SN注册消息；初始OAM通道包括如下三种场景，当上述ONU为25G ONU时，上述初始OAM通道为第一通道；当上述ONU为50G ONU时，上述初始OAM通道为第二通道；当上述ONU为100G ONU时，上述初始OAM通道为第三通道。
ONU通过初始OAM通道绑定，使得OLT能够了解ONU的速率模式，从而解决在100G PON系统中兼容25G/50G PON ONU的问题。采用这种兼容的方式，能够保证100G PON系统部署初期能够兼容25G/50G ONU，同时方便后续升级到100G的ONU。在100G-PON中兼容25G/50G ONU的实现方式，能够便于100G-PON系统的部署以及平滑升级。
S504：根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽信息确定上述ONU的通道切换策略；OLT会根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息确定上述ONU的硬件速率；再根据ONU的硬件速率确定上述ONU所需的通道数N；根据各个通道的带宽占用信息确定带宽占用比例最少的N个通道，其中，上述N为大于或等于1的正整数。
S506：向上述ONU发送第一响应消息，其中，上述第一响应消息携带上述ONU的通道切换策略，其中，上述通道切换策略用于指示上述ONU根据上述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
在本实施例中，第一响应消息可以是Burst_Profile消息，其中，上述Burst_Profile消息包括上述ONU的硬件速率信息和用于识别上述ONU的VSSN信息。图6是本文第二 实施例中Burst_Profile消息的结构图，如图6所示，它的消息结构定义如下：字节编号为1-2：ONU-ID，用来识别ONU，0x3FF，用于标识未注册的ONU；字节编号为3：标准PLOAM消息所定义的Message ID，用于标识消息类型，标准规定上行Burst_Profile消息的Message ID为0x01；字节编号为4：是顺序列号SeqNo；字节编号为5：VVVV和PP是按照标准G989.3规定填充这些字段消息内容即可；F指示ONURateMode速率模式字段，0x0表示25G ONU，0x1表示50G ONU；字节编号为6-35：G989.3规定的Burst Profile消息内容，按照标准规定填充这些字段内容即可；字节编号为36-39：VSSN信息，SN消息中的VSSN字段填充，用于表示上报ONU的VSSN信息；字节编号为40：OLT通道信息包括ONU通道模式消息(即，OnuChannelMode),0000LLLL：4bit位，每位代表一通道，低位代表通道1，高位代表通道4，图7将详细对这一字段给予解释；字节编号为41-48：MIC(Messages Integrity Check，消息完整性检查)，消息完整性校验字段，按照标准要求计算填充。
在实施例二中，100G ONU由于同时占用4个通道，对于Burst_Profile消息中的字节5,40不做解析，所以第5字节中速率模式只有25G和50G两种模式。字节36-39是根据ONU的SN注册消息上报的VSSN，此字段可以使得OLT能够将通道绑定精确到单个ONU。图7是本文第二实施例中Burst_Profile消息中的字节40与OLT通道的对应关系图,0000LLLL：4bit位，每位代表一通道，低位代表通道1，高位代表通道4。例如，0001代表通道1；0010代表通道2；0100代表通道3；1000代表通道4；0011代表通道1,2；0101代表通道1,3；1001代表通道1,4；0110代表通道2,3；1010代表通道2,4；1100代表通道3,4。
本实施例中提出的Burst_Profile消息主要修改了字节5的F字段来表示ONU硬件速率信息、添加了字节36-39字节的VSSN信息，用于识别ONU、添加了字节40，用于表示通道信息。
ONU针对OLT下发的针对不同VSSN信息的Burst_Profile消息进行筛选，对于不符合其速率信息和VSSN信息的Burst_Profile消息进行丢弃，对符合其速率信息和VSSN信息的Burst_Profile消息中的通道信息进行解析，并保存到本地；
ONU根据Burst_Profile消息中的通道信息进行通道切换，并在新的OAM通道上重新发起注册，OLT在对应通道收到ONU发送的注册请求后，下发相应的响应消息，消息中携带允许上述ONU在上述切换后的OAM通道上进行数据传输的授权消息，允许ONU上线，ONU注册成功后，在对应通道进行数据交互，对于OLT下发的周期Burst_Profile 消息中的速率通道信息不再进行解析。
在实施例二中，本实施例中提到的通过Burst_Profile消息下发ONU通道绑定信息，仅仅是本实施例为明确说明做得举例，而非对下发报消息的限定，在上述说明的基础上还可以采989.3标准中的其他下行PLOAM消息来做速率信息的载体。
实施例三
本文第三实施例提供了一种通道切换系统，如图8所示，包括ONU 802和OLT 804，上述ONU802通过初始OAM通道向上述OLT804发送第一SN注册消息，上述OLT804根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定上述ONU802的通道切换策略；上述OLT804向上述ONU802发送第一响应消息，其中，上述第一响应消息携带上述ONU802的通道切换策略；上述ONU802根据上述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
OLT804确定通道切换策略具体包括：上述OLT804根据与上述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息确定上述ONU802的硬件速率；根据上述ONU802的硬件速率确定上述ONU802所需的通道数N；根据各个通道的带宽占用信息确定带宽占用比例最少的N个通道，其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数。
上述实现通道切换的具体实现过程与前述实施例实现通道切换方法的具体实现过程相同，这里不再赘述。
实施例四
本文第四实施例提供了一种存储介质，其特征在于，上述存储介质存储有第一通道切换程序和第二通道切换程序中的至少一个，上述第一通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤；上述第二通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤。
另外，本实施例还提供一种通道切换装置的架构，如图9所示，包括处理器902、存储器904及通信总线906；上述通信总线906用于实现上述处理器902和上述存储器904之间的连接通信；上述处理器902用于执行上述存储器904中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤；或者，上述处理器902 用于执行上述存储器904中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项上述的通道切换方法的步骤。
上述实现的具体内容可参照本文第一实施例、第二实施例和第三实施例部分进行理解，在此不做详细论述。
可以理解的是，本文各实施例中的内容在不冲突的情况下可以相互结合使用。
本文实施例提供的技术方案，克服了在100G PON系统中业务带宽和通道有限的情况下，系统无法动态的进行通道管理的问题，显著提升了100G PON系统的通道带宽利用率。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件(可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现)、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM,ROM,EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM，数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。所以，本文不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本文实施例所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本文的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本文所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本文构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本文的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种通道切换方法，其中，包括：
    光网络单元ONU通过初始操作维护管理OAM通道向光线路终端OLT发送第一序列号SN注册消息，其中，所述第一SN注册消息用于指示所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略；
    所述ONU接收所述OLT发送的第一响应消息，其中，所述第一响应消息携带所述ONU的通道切换策略；
    所述ONU根据所述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述初始OAM通道包括如下之一：
    当所述ONU为25G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第一通道；
    当所述ONU为50G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第二通道；
    当所述ONU为100G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第三通道。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述ONU根据所述通道切换策略进行通道切换后，所述方法还包括：
    所述ONU通过切换后的OAM通道向所述OLT发送第二SN注册消息，
    所述ONU接收所述OLT的第二响应消息，其中，所述第二响应消息携带允许所述ONU在所述切换后的OAM通道上进行数据传输的授权消息。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一响应消息为突发配置文件Burst_Profile消息，其中，所述Burst_Profile消息包括所述ONU的硬件速率信息和用于识别所述ONU的供应商特定序列号VSSN信息。
  5. 一种通道切换方法，其中，包括：
    光线路终端OLT接收光网络单元ONU通过初始操作维护管理OAM通道发送的第一序列号SN注册消息；
    所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略；
    所述OLT向所述ONU发送第一响应消息，其中，所述第一响应消息携带所述ONU的通道切换策略，其中，所述通道切换策略用于指示所述ONU根据所述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述初始OAM通道包括如下之一：
    当所述ONU为25G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第一通道；
    当所述ONU为50G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第二通道；
    当所述ONU为100G ONU时，所述初始OAM通道为第三通道。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT接收所述ONU通过切换后的OAM通道发送的第二SN注册消息；
    所述OLT向所述ONU发送第二响应消息，其中，所述第二响应消息携带允许所述ONU在所述切换后的OAM通道上进行数据传输的授权消息。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略包括：
    所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息确定所述ONU的硬件速率；
    所述OLT根据所述ONU的硬件速率确定所述ONU所需的通道数N；
    所述OLT根据各个通道的带宽占用信息确定带宽占用比例最少的N个通道，其中，所述N为大于或等于1的正整数。
  9. 一种通道切换系统，包括光网络单元ONU和光线路终端OLT，其中，
    所述ONU通过初始操作维护管理OAM通道向所述OLT发送第一序列号SN注册消息，所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略；
    所述OLT向所述ONU发送第一响应消息，其中，所述第一响应消息携带所述ONU的通道切换策略；
    所述ONU根据所述通道切换策略进行通道切换。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息和各个通道的带宽占用信息确定所述ONU的通道切换策略包括：
    所述OLT根据与所述初始OAM通道相对应的硬件速率信息确定所述ONU的硬件速率；
    所述OLT根据所述ONU的硬件速率确定所述ONU所需的通道数N；
    所述OLT根据各个通道的带宽占用信息确定带宽占用比例最少的N个通道，其中， 所述N为大于或等于1的正整数。
  11. 一种通道切换装置，其中，所述通道切换装置包括处理器、存储器及通信总线；
    所述通信总线用于实现所述处理器和所述存储器之间的连接通信；
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的通道切换方法的步骤；
    或者，
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的一个或者多个程序，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项所述的通道切换方法的步骤。
  12. 一种存储介质，其中，所述存储介质存储有第一通道切换程序和第二通道切换程序中的至少一个，所述第一通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的通道切换方法的步骤；所述第二通道切换程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现如权利要求5至8中任一项所述的通道切换方法的步骤。
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