WO2021027641A1 - 车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车 - Google Patents

车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021027641A1
WO2021027641A1 PCT/CN2020/106927 CN2020106927W WO2021027641A1 WO 2021027641 A1 WO2021027641 A1 WO 2021027641A1 CN 2020106927 W CN2020106927 W CN 2020106927W WO 2021027641 A1 WO2021027641 A1 WO 2021027641A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
charging
power battery
power supply
receiving coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/106927
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张晓飞
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20851757.3A priority Critical patent/EP3950407B1/en
Publication of WO2021027641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027641A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02Casings
    • H01F27/025Constructional details relating to cooling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14Inductive couplings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of energy technology, and specifically relates to a vehicle-mounted power battery, a chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system, and an electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles mainly have two charging methods: conductive charging (wired charging) and non-conductive charging (wireless charging).
  • conductive charging wireless charging
  • wireless charging wireless charging
  • electric vehicles with wireless charging methods have high convenience, no manual intervention, low maintenance costs, small footprint, no leakage risk, and dynamic charging during driving.
  • the excellent characteristics are gradually recognized by the current automotive industry and become the future direction of technological innovation for the electric vehicle industry.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle-mounted power battery, a chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system, and an electric vehicle, which are used to simplify the structure of the vehicle-mounted power battery, the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system, and the electric vehicle, and shorten production Process, reduce the complexity of assembly line and improve production efficiency.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery in the embodiment of the application includes a casing, a charging and receiving coil, and a battery core module.
  • the housing includes a groove provided on the outer surface of the housing and a receiving cavity provided in the housing.
  • the charging and receiving coil is received in the groove to receive energy from the power supply device and Output
  • the battery module is housed in the accommodating cavity and is electrically connected to the charging and receiving coil for receiving and storing the energy output by the charging and receiving coil.
  • the charging and receiving coil and the battery core module share the shell and are integrated into one component, and only the vehicle-mounted power battery needs to be separately assembled to realize the charging and receiving at the same time
  • the installation of the coil and the battery cell module not only simplifies the structure of the vehicle-mounted power battery, but also shortens the production process of the vehicle-mounted power battery, reduces the complexity of assembly line, and improves production efficiency.
  • the heat generated by the charging and receiving coil can accelerate The function of heating the battery cell module effectively avoids the problem of lithium evolution in the battery cell due to the excessive charging speed of the battery cell module in a low-temperature environment, prolongs the life of the battery cell module, and thus extends The service life of the vehicle-mounted power battery.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a cover plate, which is detachably assembled on the housing to cover the groove and separate the charging and receiving coil from external moisture and air. Isolate, protect the charging and receiving coil in the groove,
  • the cover plate includes a charging part, the charging part is made of a non-metallic material, and the charging power receiving coil receives energy from the power supply device through the charging part.
  • the charging and receiving coil and the power supply device rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transmit energy, and the charging part made of non-metallic materials will not Interfering with the energy transfer between the power supply device and the charging and receiving coil effectively guarantees that the vehicle-mounted power battery wirelessly receives energy from the power supply device, thereby realizing wireless charging of the vehicle-mounted power battery.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a rectifier, the rectifier is received in the receiving cavity and connected between the charging and receiving coil and the battery module, and the rectifier is used for receiving The energy output by the charging and receiving coil converts the energy and outputs the converted energy, and the battery module is used to receive and store the energy output by the rectifier.
  • the rectifier, the charging and receiving coil and the battery core module share the housing and integrate into one component, which further simplifies the structure of the vehicle-mounted power battery and shortens the vehicle-mounted power battery.
  • the production process of power batteries reduces the complexity of assembly line and improves production efficiency.
  • the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier, and the battery module are all contained in the housing cavity of the housing, and the three can be directly connected by copper row bolts or copper row welding. It is necessary to use high and low voltage cables and interface connections, which not only saves expensive high voltage terminals and high voltage cables, reduces costs, improves the electromagnetic compatibility of the vehicle power battery, and also improves the foreign matter protection and protection of the vehicle power battery. Waterproof performance reduces the risk of leakage installation and improves reliability.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a charging compensation capacitor connected between the rectifier and the charging power receiving coil, and the charging compensation capacitor is used to compensate for the charging power receiving
  • the inductance of the coil improves the working efficiency of the charging and receiving coil.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a radiator, the radiator is housed in the receiving cavity or embedded in the housing, and used to charge the power receiving coil, the rectifier and the
  • the battery core module dissipates heat, dissipates the heat generated when the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier and the battery core module work in a timely manner, and improves the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier and the battery core.
  • the work efficiency of the module the radiator simultaneously dissipates heat from the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier, and the battery core module, and there is no need to use multiple radiators to separately heat the charging and receiving coil and the rectifier. Performing heat dissipation with the battery cell module not only saves the cost of the radiator, but also simplifies the overall structure of the vehicle-mounted power battery.
  • the heat sink is a metal heat dissipation plate
  • the metal heat dissipation plate is located on the side of the charging and receiving coil away from the cover plate, and the metal heat dissipation plate can not only support the charging and receiving coils .
  • the rectifier and the battery core module effectively dissipate heat, and can also act as an electromagnetic shield for the charging and receiving coil, shielding the electromagnetic field leaked by the charging and receiving coil, and there is no need for additional power for the charging and receiving
  • the special shielding design of the coil can reduce the cost.
  • arranging the metal heat sink on the side of the charging and receiving coil away from the cover plate can also prevent the metal heat sink from affecting the charging and receiving coil to receive from the power supply device through the charging part In turn, the charging efficiency of the on-board power battery is improved.
  • the battery cell module and the rectifier are located on the side of the metal heat sink away from the charging and receiving coil to prevent the battery module and the rectifier from being leaked by the charging and receiving coil Influence of electromagnetic field.
  • the rectifier and the cell module are in contact with the metal heat dissipation plate through a thermally conductive glue, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the metal heat dissipation plate to the rectifier and the cell module.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a controller, which is housed in the accommodating cavity and is electrically connected to the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier, and the battery cell module. Monitor the current, voltage, and temperature of the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier, and the battery cell module without using multiple controllers to separately control the charging and receiving coil, the rectifier, and the battery
  • the core module not only reduces the cost of the controller, but also avoids the communication between multiple controllers, saves terminals and wiring harnesses connected between the controllers, and optimizes the charging process of the on-board power battery.
  • the controller includes a communication module and a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the communication module, and the control module is used to send control according to information such as voltage and temperature of the battery module Signal, the communication module is used to receive the control signal sent by the control module and wirelessly send the control signal, and the power supply device wirelessly receives the control signal sent by the communication module and responds to the control signal Transmit energy to the vehicle-mounted power battery to realize wireless communication between the controller and the power supply device.
  • the control module is electrically connected to the communication module, and the control module is used to send control according to information such as voltage and temperature of the battery module Signal
  • the communication module is used to receive the control signal sent by the control module and wirelessly send the control signal
  • the power supply device wirelessly receives the control signal sent by the communication module and responds to the control signal Transmit energy to the vehicle-mounted power battery to realize wireless communication between the controller and the power supply device.
  • the communication module is a Wifi module or a Bluetooth module.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes an inverter, which is housed in the receiving cavity and is electrically connected to the battery cell module, for converting the battery stored in the battery cell module Energy, and output the converted energy to an external load.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery in the embodiment of the present application also integrates an inverter in the receiving cavity, so that the vehicle-mounted power battery integrates charging, storage, and discharging functions, and further reduces the volume, weight, and weight of the vehicle-mounted power battery.
  • the cost makes the structural design, heat dissipation system design and electrical design of the on-board power battery more integrated, which reduces the requirements of the on-board power battery on the assembly environment to the greatest extent and improves the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the on-board power battery.
  • the inverter and the battery cell module are located on the same side of the metal heat dissipation plate to prevent the inverter from being affected by the electromagnetic field leaked by the charging and receiving coil.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery further includes a power supply transmitting coil and a power supply receiving coil.
  • the power supply transmitting coil is located in the receiving cavity and is electrically connected to the inverter for receiving the inverter.
  • the power supply receiving coil is located outside the receiving cavity, and is used to receive the energy emitted by the power supply transmitting coil, and output the energy to an external load, so that the vehicle-mounted power battery can be used for the external Wireless power supply for the load.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery outputs the electric energy output by the inverter to the external load through the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply receiving coil, eliminating the high and low voltage connectors between the inverter and the external load, not only It saves expensive high and low voltage connectors, improves the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle-mounted power battery, and also improves the waterproof performance and wading capability of the vehicle-mounted power battery, reduces the risk of leakage, and improves the reliability.
  • the housing is provided with a gap communicating with the receiving cavity, the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply receiving coil are respectively located on both sides of the gap, and the power supply and power receiving coil passes through the gap Receiving the energy emitted by the power supply transmitting coil.
  • the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply receiving coil rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transmit energy.
  • the design of the gap effectively guarantees the connection between the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply receiving coil. Energy transmission realizes wireless power supply of the on-board power battery to the external load.
  • the housing is made of metal material.
  • the casing made of metal materials can play a role in centralized shielding of high-voltage equipment, reduce the electromagnetic radiation of the vehicle-mounted power battery, reduce the electromagnetic interference of the vehicle-mounted power battery to other surrounding devices, and improve the vehicle power Electromagnetic compatibility of the battery.
  • the housing further includes a power supply part, the power supply part is made of a non-metallic material, and the power supply receiving coil receives the energy emitted by the power supply transmitting coil through the power supply part.
  • the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply receiving coil rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transmit energy.
  • the power supply part made of non-metallic materials effectively guarantees the power supply transmitting coil and the power supply The energy transfer between the power receiving coils realizes the wireless power supply of the on-board power battery to the external load.
  • the housing further includes a main body part, the main body part is made of a metal material, and is surrounded by the power supply part to form the receiving cavity.
  • the main body part made of metal material can play the role of centralized shielding of high-voltage equipment, reduce the electromagnetic radiation of the vehicle-mounted power battery, reduce the interference of the vehicle-mounted power battery to surrounding equipment, and improve the vehicle-mounted power battery The electromagnetic compatibility performance.
  • the accommodating cavity is a closed cavity to prevent foreign objects from entering the accommodating cavity, improve the foreign body protection and waterproof performance of the vehicle-mounted power battery, improve the wading capacity of the vehicle-mounted power battery, and reduce the risk of leakage safety.
  • the rechargeable and dischargeable energy storage system in the embodiment of the present application includes a power supply device and any of the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted power batteries. energy.
  • the charging and receiving coils of the on-board power battery and the battery core module share the shell and are integrated into one body, and the rechargeable and dischargeable energy storage system is produced and assembled.
  • the on-board power battery needs to be installed separately to realize the installation of the charging and receiving coil and the battery module at the same time, which simplifies the structure of the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system and shortens the total cost.
  • the production process of the rechargeable and dischargeable energy storage system reduces the complexity of assembly line and improves production efficiency.
  • the power supply device includes a power factor correction module, an inverter module, and a charging transmitter coil.
  • the power factor correction module is used to rectify and output the alternating current obtained from the external power grid into direct current
  • the inverter module is used to invert the received direct current output from the power factor correction module into alternating current and output
  • the The charging transmitter coil is used to receive the alternating current output by the inverter module and generate an alternating magnetic field with the same frequency, so as to realize the energy transmission of the power supply device to the vehicle power battery.
  • the power supply device further includes a power supply compensation capacitor connected between the inverter module and the charging transmitter coil to compensate for the inductance of the charging transmitter coil, Improve the working efficiency of the charging transmitter coil.
  • the power supply device further includes a DC voltage regulating module connected between the power factor correction module and the inverter module, and the DC voltage regulating module is used to receive The DC power output by the power factor correction module adjusts and outputs the DC power, and the inverter module is used to receive the DC power output by the DC voltage regulation module to invert the DC power into AC power and output it.
  • the electric vehicle described in the embodiment of the present application includes a vehicle body and any of the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted power batteries, and the vehicle-mounted power battery is detachably mounted on the chassis of the vehicle body.
  • the charging and receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted power battery and the battery core module are integrated into one body.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery needs to be installed separately This can realize the installation of the charging and receiving coil and the battery core module, simplifying the structure of the electric vehicle, shortening the production process of the electric vehicle, reducing the complexity of the assembly line, and improving Productivity.
  • the charging and receiving coil and the battery cell module of the vehicle-mounted power battery share a shell and are integrated into one component It only needs to install the vehicle-mounted power battery separately to realize the installation of the charging and receiving coil and the battery core module at the same time, which simplifies the vehicle-mounted power battery, the rechargeable energy storage system and the The structure of the electric vehicle shortens the production process, reduces the complexity of the assembly line, and improves the production efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the power supply device and the on-board power battery in the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a vehicle-mounted power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the vehicle-mounted power battery shown in Fig. 4 along the A-A direction;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the bottom plate of the vehicle power battery shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controller in the vehicle-mounted power battery shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second vehicle-mounted power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third vehicle-mounted power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth vehicle-mounted power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is an energy storage system that integrates the functions of charging, storing electricity, and discharging.
  • the rechargeable energy storage system 100 includes a power supply device 10 and an on-board power battery 20.
  • the power supply device 10 is used to receive and transmit energy from an external power grid 200 (such as city power), and the on-board power battery 20 is used to receive and store the power transmitted by the power supply device 10 energy of.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the power supply device 10 and the on-board power battery 20 in the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the power supply device 10 is generally installed on the ground, and may also be referred to as a ground-side power supply device, or simply as a ground-side.
  • the power supply device 10 includes a power factor correction (PFC, Power Factor Correction) module 101, an inverter module 102, and a charging transmitting coil 103.
  • the power supply device 10 takes power from the external power grid 200 in the form of three-phase or single-phase, and outputs 50Hz power frequency AC power (take 50Hz power frequency AC power as an example) after voltage overcurrent protection circuit and filter circuit (not shown) .
  • the 50 Hz power frequency alternating current received by the power factor correction module 101 rectifies the alternating current into direct current and outputs it.
  • the inverter module 102 receives the DC power output by the power factor correction module 101, inverts the DC power into a high frequency AC power of 85 kHz and outputs it.
  • the charging transmitter coil 103 receives the 85kHz high-frequency alternating current output from the inverter module 102, and the 85kHz high-frequency alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field of the same frequency in the charging transmitter coil 103 to realize energy transmission to the vehicle power battery 20.
  • the working frequency of 85kHz high-frequency alternating current is regulated by IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) 61980.
  • the power supply device may also include a DC-DC converter (DC-DC converter, Direct Current-Direct Current converter) module and/or a power supply compensation capacitor.
  • the DC voltage regulating module is connected between the power factor correction module and the inverter module, and the DC voltage regulating module receives the DC power output by the power factor correction module, and performs DC voltage regulation according to actual requirements ( Step-up or step-down) and output.
  • the inverter module receives the direct current output from the direct current voltage regulating module, inverts the direct current into alternating current and outputs it.
  • the power supply compensation capacitor is connected between the inverter module and the charging transmitter coil, and the power supply compensation capacitor compensates for the inductance of the charging transmitter coil, so that the charging transmitter coil achieves resonance at 85 kHz to improve The efficiency of the charging transmitter coil. It can be understood that the DC voltage regulating module and the power supply compensation capacitor may exist separately or at the same time according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 receives the energy emitted by the power supply device 10 through the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductive charging transmitting coil 103.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 includes a casing (not shown), a charging and receiving coil 2 and a battery module 3.
  • the housing includes a groove provided on the outer surface of the housing and a receiving cavity provided in the housing, and the charging and receiving coil 2 is received in the groove for inducing the alternating current generated by the transmitting coil 103.
  • the magnetic field receives the energy from the power supply device 10 and outputs the energy by generating an induced current of the same frequency.
  • the battery cell module 3 is housed in the accommodating cavity and is electrically connected to the charging coil 2 to receive and store the energy output by the charging and receiving coil 2 so as to realize the charging and storage of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is used in a low temperature environment, since the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery cell module 3 share the shell and are integrated into one component, the heat generated by the charging and receiving coil 2 can accelerate the heating of the battery core module 3. Avoid the battery cell module 3 working in a low temperature environment due to the excessive charging speed, which will cause the battery cell to release lithium, prolong the service life of the battery cell module 3, and thereby extend the use of the on-board power battery 20 and the rechargeable energy storage system 100 life.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery cell module 3 share the housing and are integrated into one component, and the rechargeable and dischargeable energy storage system 100 is produced and assembled.
  • the on-board power battery 20 needs to be installed separately to realize the installation of the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery module 3 at the same time, which simplifies the structure of the chargeable and dischargeable energy storage system 100, and reduces the charge and discharge capacity.
  • the complexity of the assembly line of the energy storage system 100 shortens the production and assembly time of the rechargeable energy storage system 100 and improves the production and assembly efficiency of the rechargeable energy storage system 100.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle 300 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric vehicle 300 includes an on-board power battery 20 and a body 30, and the on-board power battery 20 is detachably mounted on the chassis 31 of the body 30.
  • the electric vehicle 300 needs to be charged, it can be charged as long as the electric vehicle 300 is driven to the charging receiving coil 2 of the on-board power battery 20 and the charging transmitting coil 103 of the ground-side power supply device 10 is opposite, which improves the convenience of charging the electric vehicle 300 Sex.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery module 3 share the housing and integrate into one component, which not only facilitates vehicle integration and reduces the cost of the entire vehicle, but also only needs to be used in the process of producing and assembling the electric vehicle 300 Separately install the vehicle power battery 20 on the chassis 31 to realize the installation of the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery module 3 at the same time, which reduces the complexity of the assembly line of the electric vehicle 300 and shortens the production and assembly time of the electric vehicle 300 , Improve the production and assembly efficiency of electric vehicle 300.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 and the battery cell module 3 are integrated, and the structural design of the chassis 31 and the coordination between the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery module 3 do not need to be considered during vehicle design. , which simplifies the structural design of the vehicle chassis and shortens the time for vehicle design.
  • the heat generated by the charging and receiving coil 2 can accelerate the heating of the battery core module 3 and avoid the battery core module.
  • Group 3 works in a low temperature environment due to the excessive charging speed, which causes the battery cell to degenerate lithium, which prolongs the service life of the battery cell module 3, thereby extending the service life of the electric vehicle 300.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a vehicle-mounted power battery 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 includes a casing 1, a charging and receiving coil 2, a battery core module 3, a cover plate 4, a rectifier 5, a radiator, and a controller 6.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 is accommodated in the groove 101 Inside, the cover plate 4 is detachably assembled on the housing 1 to cover the groove 101.
  • the cell module 3, the rectifier 4 and the controller 7 are all accommodated in the accommodating cavity 101, and the radiator is embedded in the housing 1.
  • the heat sink may also be contained in the receiving cavity, and the specific structure of the heat sink is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the on-board components of the charging system and the power battery pack are separately installed on the bottom of the vehicle as two independent on-board devices.
  • the two need to be designed and installed separately, which not only extends the production of electric vehicles.
  • the cost of the assembly process is also higher.
  • the casing 1 is the casing of the power battery pack
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 is accommodated in the groove 101 formed in the casing 1
  • the battery module 3, the rectifier 4 and the controller 7 are all
  • the radiator is housed in the accommodating cavity 11 of the casing 1, and the radiator is embedded in the casing 1, which is equivalent to canceling the casing of the existing vehicle-mounted component and integrating the charging and receiving coil and the rectifier of the vehicle-mounted component into the power battery pack.
  • the battery shell is shared with the battery cell module of the power battery pack, that is, the vehicle-mounted component and the power battery pack are integrated into one component, which simplifies the overall structure of the vehicle-mounted component and the power battery pack.
  • the housing may also be the housing of the vehicle-mounted component, which is equivalent to canceling the housing of the power battery pack, and integrating the cell module of the power battery pack into the vehicle-mounted component, and
  • the charging and receiving coil and the rectifier of the vehicle-mounted component share the housing of the vehicle-mounted component, or the housing of the vehicle-mounted component and the casing of the power battery pack are eliminated at the same time, and the charging and receiving coil and the rectifier of the vehicle-mounted component and the power battery pack
  • the core module is integrated into a new housing and integrated into a component, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 When the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is assembled on the electric vehicle 300, it is only necessary to assemble the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 on the chassis 31 of the electric vehicle 300 to simultaneously realize the production and assembly of the vehicle-mounted components and the power battery pack, which greatly simplifies the electric
  • the complexity of assembly of the car 300 production line shortens the time spent in assembly line and improves the efficiency of production assembly.
  • the vehicle-mounted components and the power battery pack are integrated.
  • the chassis design process of the whole vehicle simplify the assembly process of the post-production line, and improve production efficiency.
  • the housing 1 includes a bottom plate 11, a top plate 12 opposite to the bottom plate 11, and two side plates 13 connected between the bottom plate 11 and the top plate 12.
  • the top plate 12 is the part where the housing 1 contacts the chassis 31, and the bottom plate 11 is the part of the housing 1 away from the chassis 31.
  • the housing may also include an upper housing and a lower housing, and the upper housing and the lower housing can be interlocked to form the housing. The implementation of this application The example does not specifically limit the structural composition of the housing.
  • the bottom plate 11 is recessed toward the top plate 12 to form a groove 101.
  • the electric vehicle 300 travels to the opening of the groove 101 to face the charging transmitter coil 103 of the power supply device 10.
  • the charging power receiving coil 2 housed in the groove 102 induces the alternating magnetic field of the charging transmitting coil 103 to generate an induced current to wirelessly receive the energy emitted by the power supply device 10. It is understandable that since the charging and receiving coil 2 is housed in the groove 101, when the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is assembled on the chassis 31, the charging and receiving coil 2 will not protrude from the outer surface of the housing 1, and the electric vehicle 300 is running It is not easy to be damaged by scratching during the process.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 is housed in the groove 101 instead of being projected on the housing 1, the bottom plate 12, the top plate 13 and the two side plates 14 are enclosed in a square housing 1, which is not only convenient for the vehicle power battery
  • the installation and disassembly of 20 further simplifies the structural design of the chassis 31 of the electric vehicle 300, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency and productivity of the electric vehicle 300.
  • a receiving groove may also be protrudingly provided in the direction of the bottom plate away from the top plate, and the charging and receiving coil may also be received in the receiving groove.
  • the cover plate 4 is detachably assembled on the bottom plate 12 to cover the groove 101. Specifically, the cover plate 4 is assembled on the groove wall of the groove 101 to seal the groove 101 to prevent external moisture or oxygen from entering the groove 101 to damage the charging and receiving coil 2.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 is detachably assembled on the cover plate 4, and the cover plate 7 is assembled on the housing 1, so as to fix the charging and receiving coil 2 in the groove 101 instead of in the groove 101.
  • the charging and receiving coil may also be detachably assembled on the wall of the groove, which is not specifically limited in this application. It should be understood that the detachable assembly methods described in this application include but are not limited to fixing methods such as screws or bolts.
  • the cover plate 4 includes a charging part 41 and a fixing part 42.
  • the charging part 41 is made of a non-metallic material.
  • the charging power receiving coil 2 receives the energy emitted by the power supply device 10 through the charging part 121, that is, the charging power receiving coil 2 induces the alternating magnetic field of the charging transmitting coil 103 to generate an induced current through the charging part 121. It should be understood that the charging power receiving coil 2 and the charging transmitting coil 103 rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transfer energy.
  • the charging part 121 made of non-metallic materials effectively guarantees the charging power receiving coil 2 and the charging The energy is transferred between the transmitting coils 103 to realize the charging of the on-board power battery 20.
  • the charging part 41 is the part where the cover 4 and the charging power receiving coil 2 are directly opposite, that is, the projection of the charging power receiving coil 2 on the cover 4 just covers the charging part 41, so that the charging power receiving coil 2 faces the charging
  • the fixing part 42 is arranged around the periphery of the charging part 41, and the cover plate 4 is assembled on the bottom plate 11 through the fixing part 42. It is understandable that, in other embodiments, the charging part may not be the part where the cover plate and the charging power receiving coil are directly opposite, or the cover plate is the charging part.
  • the position of the charging part on the cover plate is not specifically limited.
  • the bottom plate 11, the top plate 12 and the two side plates 13 are integrally formed to form the housing 1.
  • the shell 1 is made of metal materials.
  • the shell 1 made of metal materials can centrally shield high-voltage equipment and greatly reduce the electromagnetic radiation of the on-board power battery 20, which not only reduces the electromagnetic interference of the on-board power battery 20 to other on-board components, but also improves the on-board power
  • the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the battery 20 can also ensure that the electromagnetic field leaked by the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is at a low level, and ensure the safety of personnel located near the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the bottom plate 11 can effectively shield the electromagnetic field leaking from the other surfaces of the charging and receiving coil 2, which can not only prevent the electromagnetic field generated by the charging and receiving coil 2 from interfering with the normal operation of the battery module 3, the rectifier 4 and the controller 6, but also the vehicle power
  • the electromagnetic field leaked by the battery 20 is maintained at a relatively low level, and there is no need to separately design the electromagnetic shielding for the charging and receiving coil 2, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the bottom plate, the top plate and the two side plates may also be an integrated structure formed by assembly to increase the structural compactness of the housing.
  • the bottom plate 11, the top plate 12, and the two side plates 13 are enclosed to form a closed receiving cavity 102, which can prevent foreign matter from entering the receiving cavity 102, improve the foreign matter protection performance of the vehicle power battery 20, and improve the vehicle
  • the wading capability of the power battery 20 reduces the leakage safety risk of the on-board power battery 20.
  • the cell module 3 and the rectifier 5 are both contained in the containing cavity 11, and the rectifier 5 is connected between the charging and receiving coil 2 and the cell module 3.
  • the charging power receiving coil 2 induces the alternating magnetic field emitted by the charging transmitter coil 103 in the power supply device 10 through the charging part 41 to generate an induced current, and outputs the induced current to the rectifier 5, which converts the induced current output by the charging power receiving coil 2 After direct current, the battery module 3 is output, and the battery module 3 receives and stores the direct current output by the rectifier 5 to realize the charging function of the vehicle power battery 20.
  • a charging compensation capacitor (not shown) is also connected between the rectifier 5 and the charging power receiving coil 2, and the charging compensation capacitor compensates the inductance of the charging power receiving coil 2 so that the charging power receiving coil 2 generates 85kHz resonance To improve efficiency.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 also has a high-voltage output interface 21.
  • the high-voltage output interface 21 is provided on a side plate 14 and is electrically connected to the battery cell module 3 to transmit the high-voltage direct current output from the battery cell module 3 to a high-voltage external load (such as the drive motor of an electric vehicle) to realize vehicle power
  • the battery 20 supplies power to a high-voltage external load.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates charging, storage, and discharge functions.
  • the structural design and electrical design of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 are more integrated, which simplifies the structural design of the electric vehicle 300 to the greatest extent and reduces the need for electric vehicles. 300 overall design and production costs.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 shown in FIG. 4 along the A-A direction.
  • a plurality of partitions are embedded in the accommodating cavity 102, and the plurality of partitions divide the accommodating cavity 102 into a plurality of sub-accommodating cavities 103, and the plurality of sub-accommodating cavities 103 are used to accommodate the battery cell module 2, the rectifier 5 and the controller respectively 7.
  • five partitions are embedded in the receiving cavity 102.
  • the five partitions include four first partitions 14 and one second partition 15.
  • Four first partitions 14 are arranged in parallel and spaced between the two side plates 13, and the second partition 15 is connected between the two side plates 13 to divide the receiving cavity 102 into ten sub-receiving cavities 103.
  • the cell module 3 includes nine sub-cell modules 31.
  • the end plates at both ends of each sub-cell module 31 are provided with studs (not shown), and each sub-cell module 31 passes through the screws.
  • the column is fixed in a sub-accommodating cavity 103.
  • the rectifier 5 and the controller 6 are respectively installed in two protective shells (not shown), and the two protective shells are fixed in the same sub-accommodating cavity 103 by studs.
  • the rectifier 5 and the controller 6 are respectively installed in the protective housing, which not only facilitates the installation and fixation of the rectifier 5 and the controller 6, but the protective housing can also isolate the rectifier 4 and the controller 6 from the external environment, and protect the rectifier 5 and Controller 6. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the sub-cell module and the protective housing may also be fixed in the sub-accommodating cavity by means of screws or bolts, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the vehicle-mounted component and the power battery pack are integrated into one component.
  • the rectifier 5 of the vehicle-mounted component and the battery cell module 3 of the power battery pack can be connected by copper bolts or copper bars.
  • the electrical connection is realized by welding and other methods, which eliminates the need for separate high and low voltage cables and connectors, which not only saves expensive high voltage terminals and high voltage cables, reduces costs, but also avoids the electromagnetic waves caused by high and low voltage cables and connectors. Compatibility issues.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is assembled on the chassis 31 of the electric vehicle 300, there is no need to consider the arrangement of high and low voltage cables, which further simplifies the structural design and production line assembly of the chassis 31 of the electric vehicle 300, and simplifies the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the installation and disassembly process has improved production efficiency and productivity.
  • the electric vehicle 300 has a power replacement demand, the replacement process without high and low voltage cables and connectors is simpler, the safety risk is smaller, and the reliability is high, which can effectively shorten the power replacement time and improve the power replacement efficiency.
  • the radiator is embedded in the bottom plate 11 to dissipate heat from the charging and receiving coil 2, the battery core module 3, and the rectifier 5 to improve the charging and receiving coil 2, the battery core module 3, and the rectifier 5.
  • the radiator is the radiator of the power battery pack, and the radiator simultaneously cools the charging and receiving coil 2 and the rectifier 5 of the vehicle-mounted component and the cell module 3 of the power battery pack, which is equivalent to the common component of the vehicle-mounted component.
  • the radiator of the power battery pack that is, the radiator of the vehicle-mounted component and the radiator of the power battery pack are saved as one radiator, which not only reduces the cost of the radiator, but also further simplifies the structure of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the heat sink is a metal heat sink, and the metal heat sink is located on the side of the charging and receiving coil 2 away from the cover plate 4, so as to prevent the metal heat sink from affecting the charging and receiving coil 2 through the charging portion 41.
  • the alternating magnetic field generated by the inductive charging transmitter coil 103 further improves the charging efficiency of the on-board power battery 20.
  • the metal heat dissipation plate is located between the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery cell module 3, and the rectifier 5 and the battery cell module 3 are located on the same side of the metal heat dissipation plate, that is, the battery cell module 3 and the rectifier 4 It is located on the side of the metal heat sink away from the charging and receiving coil 2 to prevent the battery core module 3 and the rectifier 4 from being interfered by the electromagnetic field leaked by the charging and receiving coil 2.
  • the cell module 3 and the rectifier 4 are in contact with the metal heat dissipation plate through the thermally conductive glue 8, and the heat generated during the operation of the cell module 3 and the rectifier 4 is transferred to the metal heat dissipation plate through the thermally conductive glue 7, which improves The heat dissipation efficiency of the metal heat sink to the cell module 3 and the rectifier 4.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive adhesive 7 is greater than that of air, so as to accelerate the thermal conductivity of the cell module 3 and the rectifier 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the bottom plate 11 of the vehicle power battery 20 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the heat sink is integrated in the bottom plate 11, that is, the heat sink is the bottom plate 11.
  • the bottom plate 11 includes a first plate body 111 and a second plate body 112 that are disposed oppositely.
  • the surface of the first plate 111 facing the top plate 12 is provided with a condensate channel 113 for the flow of condensed water to take away the heat generated by the charging and receiving coil 2, the battery module 3 and the finisher 4 during operation, so as to realize the The heat dissipation of each component improves the working efficiency of each component.
  • the second plate 112 is covered on the condensate water channel 113 to prevent the condensed water in the condensate water channel 1113 from flowing into the receiving cavity 102 and damaging the electronic components in the receiving cavity 102.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 is housed in the groove 101, that is, the three surfaces of the charging and receiving coil 2 are all surrounded by the condensation water channel 113, and the condensation water channel 113 can realize effective heat dissipation of the charging and receiving coil 2.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 in the embodiment of the application integrates the radiator in the bottom plate 11, and a condensation water channel 113 is opened in the bottom plate 11.
  • a water cooling system can be used to simultaneously cool the vehicle-mounted components and the power battery pack, saving the water cooling system. The design reduces the water-cooling pipes and connectors needed for the water-cooling system and saves costs.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the controller 6 in the on-board power battery 20 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the controller 6 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 102 and is electrically connected to the charging and receiving coil 2, the rectifier 4 and the battery module 3. Specifically, the controller 6 and the rectifier 4 are located in the same sub-accommodating cavity 103.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 also has a low-voltage interface 22, which is provided on the other side plate 13 and is electrically connected to the controller 6.
  • the low-voltage interface 22 is not only used to transmit the low-voltage direct current output from the external low-voltage power supply to the controller 6 to realize power supply to the controller 6, but also to enable the controller 6 to communicate with the outside.
  • a DC voltage regulator may also be provided between the battery cell module and the controller, and the DC voltage regulator is used to output the high voltage of the battery cell module.
  • the piezoelectric is converted into low-voltage electricity and output to the controller to realize power supply to the controller.
  • the DC voltage regulator can also convert the high-voltage output from the battery cell module into low-voltage electricity and pass the The controller and the low-voltage interface realize low-voltage power supply to the external load.
  • the controller 6 includes a control module 61 and a communication module 62.
  • the control module 61 includes a charging control unit 611 and a battery management unit 612.
  • the charging control unit 611 is electrically connected to the rectifier 4 and the charging power receiving coil 2 to monitor the current, voltage, and temperature of the rectifier 4 and the charging power receiving coil 2.
  • the battery management unit 612 is electrically connected to the battery cell module 3 to monitor the current, voltage, and temperature of the battery cell module 3.
  • the communication module 62 is electrically connected to the control module 61, and the communication module 62 is a Wifi module or a Bluetooth module to realize wireless communication between the controller 6 and the power supply device 10.
  • the control module 61 of the controller 6 integrates the charging control unit 611 that controls the vehicle-mounted component and the battery management unit 612 that controls the power battery pack.
  • the controller 6 simultaneously controls the charging and receiving coil 2 and the rectifier 4 of the vehicle-mounted component.
  • the battery cell module 3 of the power battery pack there is no need to use multiple controllers to separately control the vehicle-mounted components and the power battery pack, which not only saves the cost of the controller, but also avoids the control unit 611 that controls the vehicle-mounted components and controls the power battery
  • the connection and communication between the battery management unit 612 of the package saves terminals and wiring harness connections, reduces costs, and can also optimize the charging strategy of the on-board power battery 20 to the greatest extent.
  • the main controller of the electric vehicle 300 sends a signal to the vehicle through the low-voltage interface 22
  • the controller 6 of the vehicle power battery 20 sends a wake-up signal
  • the charging control unit 611 of the control module 61 in the controller 6 receives the wake-up signal and sends the wake-up signal
  • the communication module 62 receives the wake-up signal and sends the wake-up signal wirelessly
  • the power supply device 10 wirelessly receives the wake-up signal to prepare for charging.
  • the battery management unit 612 of the control module 61 calculates the required charging current and other information based on the voltage and temperature of the battery module 3, and sends a control signal according to the calculation result.
  • the charging control unit 611 receives the control signal and sends the
  • the communication module 62 receives the control signal and transmits the control signal wirelessly.
  • the power supply device 10 wirelessly receives the control signal and transmits energy to the on-board power battery 20 according to the control signal, thereby realizing the wireless connection between the controller 6 and the power supply device 10. Communication.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 generates alternating current through the high-frequency alternating magnetic field emitted by the charging section 41 inducing the power supply device, and outputs the alternating current to the rectifier 5, and the rectifier 5 converts the alternating current into direct current.
  • the DC power is output to the battery cell module 3, and the battery cell module 3 stores electric energy, and then outputs the high-voltage power from the high-voltage output interface 21 to an external load to realize the entire process of charging, storing and discharging the vehicle power battery 20.
  • the vehicle-mounted components and the power battery pack are completely integrated in structure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second vehicle-mounted power battery 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 further includes an inverter 8.
  • the inverter 8 is housed in the receiving cavity 102 and is connected to the battery cell.
  • the module 3 is electrically connected to convert the energy stored in the battery cell module 3 and output the converted energy to the external load 400.
  • the inverter 8 is connected between the battery cell module 3 and the high-voltage output interface 21.
  • the inverter 8 converts the high-voltage direct current output by the cell module 2 into high-voltage alternating current, and then outputs it to the external load 400 through the high-voltage output interface 21 via a cable or copper bar.
  • the power supply to the external load 400 is realized.
  • the inverter 8 is accommodated in the sub-accommodating cavity 103 where the sub-cell module 31 is located. Specifically, the inverter 8 is assembled in the accommodating cavity 102 in the same manner as the rectifier 5 and the controller 6. The inverter 8 is installed in the protective casing, and the protective casing of the inverter 8 is installed. Then it is fixed in the sub-accommodating cavity 103 by a stud. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the inverter may also be accommodated in the sub-accommodating cavity where the rectifier and the controller are located, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the on-vehicle power battery 20 provided by the above-mentioned first embodiment needs to provide high-voltage alternating current to the external load 400
  • the high-voltage direct current output by the battery cell module 3 through the high-voltage output interface 21 needs to be outside the receiving cavity 11 first. It is converted into high-voltage alternating current by an inverter and then output to an external load.
  • the inverter 8 is also integrated into the accommodating cavity 102 of the housing 1, and the high-voltage DC power output by the cell module 3 is first inverted into high-voltage AC power by the inverter 8 Output from the high-voltage output interface 22 to an external load, so that the on-board power battery 20 integrates charging, storage and discharging functions, and further reduces the volume, weight and cost of the on-board power battery 20.
  • the structural design and heat dissipation system design of the on-board power battery 20 And electrical design will be more integrated, simplify the design work of electric vehicles that need to be assembled with on-board power batteries 20 to the greatest extent, and reduce the design and production costs of electric vehicles.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third vehicle-mounted power battery 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 includes a power supply transmitting coil 211 and a power supply receiving coil 212, and the power supply transmitting coil 211 is located in the receiving cavity 11. And is electrically connected to the inverter 8 for receiving the energy output by the inverter 8 and transmitting energy.
  • the power supply and receiving coil 212 is located outside the accommodating cavity 11 to receive the energy emitted by the power supply transmitting coil 211 and output the energy to The external load 400 realizes the wireless power supply of the on-board power battery 20 to the external load 400.
  • the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 are located on opposite sides of the side plate 13.
  • the power transmitting coil 211 is assembled in the first coil cover 213, and the first coil cover 213 is fixed to the surface of the side plate 13 facing the receiving cavity 11 by screws, so that the power transmitting coil 211 is received in the receiving cavity 102 and is close to the inverter 8 settings to reduce electromagnetic radiation.
  • the power transmitting coil 211 receives the high-voltage alternating current output by the inverter 8 via a cable or copper bar.
  • the high-voltage alternating current flowing in the power transmitting coil 211 will generate an alternating magnetic field of the same frequency.
  • the power supply and receiving coil 212 is assembled in the second coil cover 214, and the second coil cover 214 is fixed to the surface of the side plate 14 away from the receiving cavity 11 by screws.
  • the power supply receiving coil 212 couples the AC electromagnetic field emitted by the power supply transmitting coil 211 via the side plate 14 to induce an induced current of the same frequency, and then outputs it to the external load 400 via a cable to realize wireless power supply to the external load 400.
  • both the first coil cover 213 and the second coil cover 214 are made of metal materials.
  • the first coil cover 213 covers the surface of the power supply transmitting coil 211 that is not disposed opposite to the power supply receiving coil 212
  • the second coil cover 214 includes the surface of the power supply receiving coil 212 not disposed opposite to the power supply transmitting coil 211 to shield the power supply
  • the electromagnetic field leaked by the transmitting coil 211 and the power supply and receiving coil 212 reduces the electromagnetic radiation of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 and improves the electromagnetic compatibility of the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the distance between the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 is smaller and the relative position is fixed.
  • the energy transfer efficiency between the coils 212 is very high, so a coil with a smaller volume and weight can be used to reduce the volume and cost of the on-board power battery 20.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a gap 103 communicating with the accommodating cavity 102.
  • the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 are respectively located on both sides of the gap 103, that is, the power supply and reception coil 212 induces power supply through the gap 103.
  • the AC electromagnetic field generates induced current.
  • the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transmit energy.
  • a gap 103 is opened on the housing 1 made of metal material to realize the power supply transmitting coil 211 and The energy transfer between the power supply and receiving coils 212 effectively guarantees the reliability of energy transfer, and realizes the power supply of the on-board power battery 20 to the external load 400.
  • the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 are used in the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application to replace the high-voltage output interface 22 in the second embodiment, the charging and receiving coil 2, the battery core module 3, and the rectifier 4 ,
  • the controller 6, the inverter 8 and the power supply transmitter coil 211 are all integrated in the housing cavity 102, each device can be directly connected in the housing cavity 102, eliminating the prior art vehicle-mounted components, power battery packs and inverters
  • the high and low voltage cables and connectors between the external load and the external load not only save costs, but also improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the vehicle power battery 20.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth vehicle-mounted power battery 20 according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the difference between the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 provided by the embodiment of the present application and the above-mentioned third vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is that the housing 1 includes a power supply portion 14 and a main body portion.
  • the power supply part 14 is made of non-metallic materials.
  • the power supply and reception coil 212 receives the energy emitted by the power transmission coil 211 through the power supply part 14, that is, the power supply and reception coil 212 induces the AC electromagnetic field of the power transmission coil through the power supply part 14 to generate an induced current.
  • the power transmitting coil 211 and the power receiving coil 212 rely on the principle of alternating electromagnetic field induction to transmit energy.
  • the power supply part 14 made of non-metallic materials effectively protects the power transmitting coil 211 and the power receiving coil.
  • the energy transfer between the electric coils 212 realizes the power supply of the on-board power battery 20 to the external load 400.
  • the power supply part 14 is the part of the side plate 13 that faces the power supply transmitting coil 211, that is, the projection of the power supply transmitting coil 221 on the side plate 14 just covers the power supply part 141, so that each position of the power supply transmitting coil 211 The generated alternating magnetic field can be transmitted to the power supply receiving coil 212 through the power supply part 141. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the power supply part may not be the part of the side plate directly facing the power supply transmitter coil, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the main body part is made of metal material, and the main body part and the power supply part 14 surround the receiving cavity 102.
  • the main body part includes a bottom plate 12, a side plate 13 except the power supply part 14, a top plate 13 and another side plate 14, namely the bottom plate 12, a side plate 13 except the power supply part 14, the top plate 13 and the other side
  • the plates 14 are made of metal materials, which can centrally shield high-voltage equipment, greatly reduce the electromagnetic radiation of the vehicle power battery 20, not only reduce the electromagnetic interference of the vehicle power battery 20 to other vehicle components, but also improve the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the vehicle power battery 20 It can also ensure that the electromagnetic field leaked by the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 is at a low level, and ensure the safety of personnel located near the vehicle-mounted power battery 20.
  • the power supply transmitting coil 211 and the power supply receiving coil 212 are used in the vehicle-mounted power battery 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application to replace the high-voltage output interface 22 in the second embodiment, the charging and receiving coil 2, the rectifier 4, and the battery module 3 ,
  • the controller 7, the inverter 7 and the power supply transmitter coil 211 are all integrated in the housing cavity 11.
  • Each device can be directly connected in the housing cavity 11, eliminating the prior art vehicle-mounted components, power battery packs and inverters
  • the high and low voltage cables and connectors between the external load and the external load not only save costs, but also improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the vehicle power battery 20.
  • the low-voltage interface can also be eliminated, and the inverter and other devices can be used to output the high-voltage of the battery cell module.
  • the DC power is converted into low-voltage DC power by a DC voltage regulator, it is then inverted into low-voltage AC power by an inverter, and then output through a pair of wireless power supply coils.
  • a rectifier and other devices are used to convert the low-voltage AC power into a low-voltage DC power output to achieve external load Wireless low-voltage power supply.
  • the charging and receiving coil 2 of the on-board power battery 20 and the battery module 3 share a shell 1 and are integrated into one It only needs to install the on-board power battery 20 separately to install the charging and receiving coil 2 and the battery module 3, which simplifies the on-board power battery 20, the rechargeable energy storage system 100 and the electric vehicle 300
  • the structure shortens the production process, reduces the complexity of the assembly line, and improves the production efficiency.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种车载动力电池(20),包括外壳(1)、充电受电线圈(2)和电芯模组(3)。所述外壳(1)包括设于所述外壳(1)外表面的凹槽(101)和设于所述外壳(1)内的收容腔(102),所述充电受电线圈(2)收容于所述凹槽(101)内,用以接收来自供电装置(10)的能量并将能量输出,所述电芯模组(3)收容于所述收容腔(102)内且与所述充电受电线圈(2)电连接,用以接收并存储所述充电受电线圈(2)输出的能量。由此,车载动力电池(20)结构简单,产线装配难度小,有利于提高生产效率。此外,可充放电的储能系统(100)和电动汽车(300)包括车载动力电池(20)。

Description

车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车
本申请要求于2019年08月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910735601.X、申请名称为“车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于能源技术领域,具体涉及一种车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车。
背景技术
电动汽车主要有传导式充电(有线充电)和非传导式充电(无线充电)两种充电方式。随着电动汽车保有量的增加和市场的扩大,无线充电方式的电动汽车以其便利性高、无须人工干预、维护成本低、占地面积小、无漏电风险和可实现车辆行驶中动态充电等优异特性,逐渐为现今汽车行业所认可,成为今后电动汽车产业的技术创新方向。
在目前采用无线充电的电动汽车中,装配于车身上的电子元器件较多,在生产和装配电动汽车时,需要根据每一电子元器件的具体结构对车身上安装该电子元器件的位置进行独立设计,使得电动汽车的生产过程较长,产线装配较复杂,降低了车辆的生产效率。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车,用于简化所述车载动力电池、所述可充放电的储能系统和所述电动汽车的结构,缩短生产过程,降低产线装配的复杂程度,提高生产效率。
本申请实施例所述车载动力电池括外壳、充电受电线圈和电芯模组。所述外壳包括设于所述外壳外表面的凹槽和设于所述外壳内的收容腔,所述充电受电线圈收容于所述凹槽内,用以接收来自供电装置的能量并将能量输出,所述电芯模组收容于所述收容腔内且与所述充电受电线圈电连接,用以接收并存储所述充电受电线圈输出的能量。
本申请所述车载动力电池中,所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组共用所述外壳集成为一个部件,只需要单独装配所述车载动力电池即可同时实现对所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组的安装,不仅简化了所述车载动力电池的结构,还缩短了所述车载动力电池的生产过程,降低了产线装配的复杂程度,提高了生产效率。而且,所述车载动力电池在低温环境下工作时,由于所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组同时收容于所述收容腔内,所述充电受电线圈产生的热量可以起到加速加热所述电芯模组的作用,有效避免所述电芯模组在低温环境工作下因充电速度过快而导致电芯析锂的问题,延长了所述电芯模组的寿命,进而延长所述车载动力电池的使用寿命。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括盖板,所述盖板可拆卸地装配于所述外壳上,以盖合所述凹槽,将所述充电受电线圈与外界的水分和空气隔绝,保护所述凹槽内的所述充电受电线圈,
一种实施方式中,所述盖板包括充电部分,所述充电部分由非金属材料制成,所述充电受电线圈通过所述充电部分接收来自所述供电装置的能量。
本申请实施例所述车载动力电池中,所述充电受电线圈和所述供电装置之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,采用非金属材料制成的所述充电部分不会干扰所述供电装置和所述充电受电线圈之间的能量传递,有效保障了所述车载动力电池无线接收来自所述供电装置的能量,实现所述车载动力电池的无线充电。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括整流器,所述整流器收容于所述收容腔内,且连接于所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组之间,所述整流器用以接收所述充电受电线圈输出的能量,对能量进行转换并将转换后的能量输出,所述电芯模组用以接收并存储所述整流器输出的能量。
本实施例所述车载动力电池中,所述整流器与所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组共用所述外壳集成为一个部件,进一步简化所述车载动力电池的结构,缩短所述车载动力电池的生产过程,降低产线装配的复杂程度,提高生产效率。而且,所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组都收容于所述外壳的收容腔内,三者之间可以采用铜排螺栓或铜排焊接等方式直接连接,而不需要利用高低压线缆和接口连接,不仅节省了昂贵的高压端子和高压线缆,降低了成本,提高了所述车载动力电池的电磁兼容性,还提高了所述车载动力电池的异物防护和防水性能,降低了漏电安装风险,提高了可靠性。
一种实施方式中,所述车载动力电池还包括充电补偿电容,所述充电补偿电容连接于所述整流器和所述充电受电线圈之间,所述充电补偿电容用以补偿所述充电受电线圈的电感量,提高所述充电受电线圈的工作效率。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括散热器,所述散热器收容于所述收容腔内或者嵌设于所述外壳内,用以对所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组散热,将所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组工作时产生的热量及时散发出去,提高所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组的工作效率。本实施例中,所述散热器同时对所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组进行散热,不需要采用多个散热器分别对所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组进行散热,不仅节省了散热器成本,还简化了所述车载动力电池的整体结构。
一种实施方式中,所述散热器为金属散热板,所述金属散热板位于所述充电受电线圈远离所述盖板的一侧,所述金属散热板不仅能对所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组进行有效散热,又能对所述充电受电线圈起电磁屏蔽作用,屏蔽所述充电受电线圈泄露的电磁场,不需要额外再为所述充电受电线圈做专门的屏蔽设计,能降低成本。而且将所述金属散热板设置于所述充电受电线圈远离所述盖板的一侧,还能避免所述金属散热板影响所述充电受电线圈通过所述充电部分接收来自所述供电装置的能量,进而提高所述车载动力电池的充电效率。
其中,所述电芯模组和所述整流器位于所述金属散热板背离所述充电受电线圈的一侧,防止所述电芯模组和所述整流器受到所述充电受电线圈的泄露的电磁场影响。
一种实施方式中,所述整流器和所述电芯模组通过导热胶与所述金属散热板接触,提高所述金属散热板对所述整流器和所述电芯模组的散热效率。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括控制器,所述控制器收容于所述收容腔内,且与所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组电连接,同时监控所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组的电流、电压和温度等状态,不需要采用多个控制器分别控制所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组,不仅减少了控制器成本,还避免了多个控制器之间的通讯,节省了连接在控制器之间的端子和线束,优化了所述车载动力电池的充电过程。
一种实施方式中,所述控制器包括通信模块和控制模块,所述控制模块与所述通信模块电连接,所述控制模块用以根据所述电芯模组的电压和温度等信息发送控制信号,所述通信模块用以接收所述控制模块发送的所述控制信号,并无线发送所述控制信号,所述供电装置无线接收所述通信模块发送的所述控制信号并根据所述控制信号向所述车载动力电池发射能量,实现所述控制器与所述供电装置的无线通信。
一种实施方式中,所述通信模块为Wifi模块或蓝牙模块。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括逆变器,所述逆变器收容于所述收容腔内且与所述电芯模组电连接,用以转换所述电芯模组存储的能量,并将转换后的能量输出至外部负载。本申请实施例所述车载动力电池将逆变器也集成于所述收容腔内,使所述车载动力电池集充电、存储和放电功能于一体,进一步降低所述车载动力电池的体积、重量和成本,使所述车载动力电池的结构设计、散热系统设计和电气设计更加集成,最大程度上降低了所述车载动力电池对装配环境的要求,提高所述车载动力电池的电磁兼容性能。
一种实施方式中,所述逆变器与所述电芯模组位于所述金属散热板的同一侧,以防止所述逆变器受到所述充电受电线圈泄露的电磁场影响。
一些实施例中,所述车载动力电池还包括供电发射线圈和供电受电线圈,所述供电发射线圈位于所述收容腔内且与所述逆变器电连接,用以接收所述逆变器输出的能量并发射能量,所述供电受电线圈位于所述收容腔外,用以接收所述供电发射线圈发射的能量,并将能量输出给外部负载,实现所述车载动力电池对所述外部负载的无线供电。所述车载动力电池将所述逆变器输出的电能通过所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈输出给外部负载,取消所述逆变器和外部负载之间的高低压接插件,不仅节省了昂贵的高低压接插件,改善了所述车载动力电池的电磁兼容性能,还提高了所述车载动力电池的防水性能和涉水能力,降低了漏电风险,提高了可靠性。
一些实施例中,所述外壳设有一与所述收容腔连通的缺口,所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈分别位于所述缺口的两侧,所述供电受电线圈通过所述缺口接收所述供电发射线圈发射的能量。所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,所述缺口的设计有效保障了所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈之间的能量传递,实现所述车载动力电池对所述外部负载的无线供电。
一种实施方式中,所述外壳由金属材料制成。由金属材料制成的所述外壳能起到集中屏蔽高压设备的作用,降低了所述车载动力电池的电磁辐射,减少了所述车载动力电池对周围其他器件的电磁干扰,提高所述车载动力电池的电磁兼容性能。
一种实施方式中,所述外壳还包括供电部分,所述供电部分由非金属材料制成, 所述供电受电线圈通过所述供电部分接收所述供电发射线圈发射的能量。所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,采用非金属材料制成的所述供电部分有效保障了所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈之间的能量传递,实现所述车载动力电池对所述外部负载的无线供电。
一种实施方式中,所述外壳还包括主体部分,所述主体部分由金属材料制成,且与所述供电部分围设形成所述收容腔。金属材料制成的所述主体部分能起到集中屏蔽高压设备的作用,降低了所述车载动力电池的电磁辐射,减少了所述车载动力电池对周围设备的干扰,提高了所述车载动力电池的电磁兼容性能。
其中,所述收容腔为封闭腔,防止外部异物进入所述收容腔内,提高所述车载动力电池的异物防护和防水性能,提高所述车载动力电池的涉水能力,降低漏电安全风险。
本申请实施例所述可充放电的储能系统包括供电装置和上述任一种车载动力电池,所述供电装置用以发射能量,所述车载动力电池用以接收并存储所述供电装置发射的能量。
本申请实施例所述可充放电的储能系统中,所述车载动力电池的充电受电线圈和电芯模组共用所述外壳集成为一体,在生产和装配所述可充放电的储能系统时,只需要单独安装所述车载动力电池即可同时实现对所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组的安装,简化了所述可充放电的储能系统的结构,缩短了所述可充放电的储能系统的生产过程,降低了产线装配的复杂程度,提升了生产效率。
一些实施例中,所述供电装置包括功率因数校正模块、逆变器模块和充电发射线圈。所述功率因数校正模块用以将从外部电网获取的交流电整流为直流电并输出,所述逆变器模块用以将接收的所述功率因数校正模块输出的直流电逆变为交流电并输出,所述充电发射线圈用以接收所述逆变器模块输出的交流电并产生同频率的交变磁场,实现所述供电装置向所述车载动力电池的能量发射。
一种实施方式中,所述供电装置还包括供电补偿电容,所述供电补偿电容连接于所述逆变器模块和所述充电发射线圈之间,用以补偿所述充电发射线圈的电感量,提高所述充电发射线圈的工作效率。
一种实施方式中,所述供电装置还包括直流调压模块,所述直流调压模块连接于所述功率因数校正模块和所述逆变器模块之间,所述直流调压模块用以接收的所述功率因数校正模块输出的直流电,对直流电进行调压并输出,所述逆变器模块用以接收的所述直流调压模块输出的直流电,将直流电逆变为交流电并输出。
本申请实施例所述电动汽车包括车身和上述任一所述车载动力电池,所述车载动力电池可拆卸地安装于所述车身的底盘上。
本申请实施例所述电动汽车中,所述车载动力电池的充电受电线圈和电芯模组共用外壳集成为一体,在生产和装配所述电动汽车时,只需要单独安装所述车载动力电池即可实现对所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组的安装,简化了所述电动汽车的结构,缩短了所述电动汽车的生产过程,降低了产线装配的复杂程度,提升了生产效率。
本申请实施例所述车载动力电池、所述可充放电的系统和所述电动汽车中,所述车载动力电池的所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组共用一个外壳集成为一个部件,只需要单独 安装所述车载动力电池即可同时实现对所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组的安装,简化了所述车载动力电池、所述可充放电的储能系统和所述电动汽车的结构,缩短了生产过程,降低了产线装配的复杂程度,提高了生产效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或背景技术中的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例或背景技术中所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1是本申请实施例所提供一种可充放电的储能系统的结构示意图;
图2是图1所示可充放电的储能系统中供电装置和车载动力电池的具体结构示意图;
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种电动汽车的结构示意图;
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种车载动力电池的剖面结构示意图;
图5是图4所示车载动力电池沿A-A方向的剖面结构示意图;
图6是图4所示车载动力电池中底板的放大结构示意图;
图7是图4所示车载动力电池中控制器的结构示意图;
图8是本申请实施例提供的第二种车载动力电池的结构示意图;
图9是本申请实施例提供的第三种车载动力电池的结构示意图;
图10是本申请实施例提供的第四种车载动力电池的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
请参阅图1,图1是本申请实施例提供的一种可充放电的储能系统100的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供的可充放电的储能系统100是一种集成了充电、存储电和放电功能于一体的储能系统。可充放电的储能系统100包括供电装置10和车载动力电池20,供电装置10用以接收外部电网200(比如市电)的能量并发射,车载动力电池20用以接收并存储供电装置10发射的能量。
请一并参阅图1和图2,图2是图1所示可充放电的储能系统100中供电装置10和车载动力电池20的具体结构示意图。
供电装置10一般安装于地面,也可称为地面端供电装置,或简称为地面端。具体的,供电装置10包括功率因数校正(PFC,Power Factor Correction)模块101、逆变器模块102和充电发射线圈103。供电装置10以三相或单相的形式从外部电网200取电,经压过流保护电路和滤波电路(图未示)之后将50Hz的工频交流电(以50Hz的工频交流电为例)输出。功率因数校正模块101接收的50Hz的工频交流电,将交流电整流为直流电并输出。逆变器模块102接收功率因数校正模块101输出的直流电,将直流电逆变为85kHz的高频交流电并输出。充电发射线圈103接收逆变器模块102输出的85kHz的高频交流电,85kHz的高频交流电流动在充电发射线圈103中产生同频率的交变磁场,实现向车载动力电池20的能量发射。其中,85kHz的高频交流电的工作频率是由IEC(国际电工委员会,International Electrotechnical Commission)61980规定的。
需要了解的是,在本申请的其他实施例中,供电装置还可以包括直流调压(DC-DC converter,Direct Current-Direct Current converter)模块和/或供电补偿电容。所述直流调压模块连接于所述功率因数校正模块和所述逆变器模块之间,所述直流调压模块接收所述功率因数校正模块输出的直流电,并根据实际需求进行直流调压(升压或者降压)并输出。所述逆变器模块接收所述直流调压模块输出的直流电,将直流电逆变为交流电并输出。所述供电补偿电容连接于所述逆变器模块和所述充电发射线圈之间,所述供电补偿电容补偿所述充电发射线圈的电感量,使所述充电发射线圈实现在85kHz的谐振以提高所述充电发射线圈的效率。可以理解的是,所述直流调压模块和所述供电补偿电容可以根据实际需求而单独存在或同时存在,本申请对此不作具体限定。
车载动力电池20通过感应充电发射线圈103产生的交变磁场来接收供电装置10发射的能量。具体的,车载动力电池20包括外壳(图未示)、充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3。所述外壳包括设于所述外壳外表面的凹槽和设于所述外壳内的收容腔,充电受电线圈2收容于所述凹槽内,用以通过感应充电发射线圈103产生的交变磁场以产生同频率的感应电流接收来自供电装置10的能量并将能量输出。电芯模组3收容于所述收容腔内且与充电线圈2电连接,用以接收并存储充电受电线圈2输出的能量,从而实现车载动力电池20的充电和存储。当车载动力电池20在低温环境下使用时,由于充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3共用所述外壳集成为一个部件,充电受电线圈2产生的热量可以加速加热电芯模组3,避免电芯模组3在低温环境下工作因充电速度过快而导致电芯析锂,延长电芯模组3的使用寿命,进而延长车载动力电池20和可充放电的储能系统100的使用寿命。
在本申请实施例所提供的可充放电的储能系统100中,充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3共用所述外壳集成为一个部件,在生产和装配可充放电的储能系统100的过程中,只需要单独安装车载动力电池20即可同时实现对充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3的安装,简化了可充放电的储能系统100的结构,降低了可充放电的储能系统100产线装配的复杂程度,缩短了可充放电的储能系统100的生产装配时间,提升了可充放电的储能系统100的生产装配效率。
请参阅图3,图3是本申请实施例提供的一种电动汽车300的结构示意图。
电动汽车300包括车载动力电池20和车身30,车载动力电池20可拆卸地安装于车身30的底盘31上。当电动汽车300需要充电时,只要将电动汽车300行驶至车载动力电池20的充电受电线圈2与地面端供电装置10的充电发射线圈103相对即可进行充电,提高了电动汽车300的充电便捷性。
本申请实施例中,充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3共用所述外壳集成为一个部件,不仅便于车辆集成,减少整车成本,而且在生产和装配电动汽车300的过程中,只需要单独将车载动力电池20安装于底盘31即可同时实现对充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3的安装,降低了电动汽车300产线装配的复杂程度,缩短了电动汽车300的生产装配时间,提升了电动汽车300的生产装配效率。而且,车载动力电池20的充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3集成为一体,在车辆设计时不需要考虑底盘31的结构设计以及充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3之间的配合,简化了车辆底盘的结构设计,缩短了整车设计的时间。此外,当电动汽车300在低温环境下充电时,由于充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3集成为一体,充电受电线圈2产 生的热量可以加速加热电芯模组3,避免电芯模组3在低温环境下工作因充电速度过快而导致电芯析锂,延长电芯模组3的使用寿命,进而延长电动汽车300的寿命。
请一并参阅图2至图4,图4是本申请实施例提供的一种车载动力电池20的剖面结构示意图。图4所示车载动力电池20与图1-图3所示车载动力电池20相对应。
本申请实施例中,车载动力电池20包括外壳1、充电受电线圈2、电芯模组3、盖板4、整流器5、散热器和控制器6,充电受电线圈2收容于凹槽101内,盖板4可拆卸地装配于外壳1上,以盖合凹槽101。电芯模组3、整流器4和控制器7均收容于收容腔101内,所述散热器嵌设于外壳1中。需要了解的是,在其他实施例中,所述散热器也可收容于所述收容腔内,本申请对所述散热器的具体结构不作具体限定。
需要了解的是,现有的电动汽车中,充电系统的车载端组件和动力电池包作为两个独立的车载设备单独安装在车辆底部,两者需要分别设计和安装,不仅延长了电动汽车的生产装配工序,所需的成本也较高。本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20中,外壳1为动力电池包的外壳,充电受电线圈2收容于外壳1形成的凹槽101内,电芯模组3、整流器4和控制器7均收容于外壳1的收容腔11内,所述散热器嵌设于外壳1内,相当于取消现有车载端组件的外壳,将车载端组件的充电受电线圈和整流器集成于动力电池包内部,与动力电池包的电芯模组共用电池外壳,即车载端组件和动力电池包集成为一个部件,简化了车载端组件和动力电池包的整体结构。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,所述外壳也可以为车载端组件的外壳,相当于取消动力电池包的外壳,而将动力电池包的电芯模组集成于车载端组件内,与车载端组件的充电受电线圈和整流器共用车载端组件的外壳,或者,同时取消车载端组件的外壳和动力电池包的外壳,将车载端组件的充电受电线圈和整流器以及动力电池包的电芯模组集成到一个新的外壳内集成为一个部件,本申请对此不作具体限定。
在车载动力电池20装配于电动汽车300上时,只需要将车载动力电池20装配于电动汽车300的底盘31即可同时实现对车载端组件与动力电池包的生产和装配,极大地简化了电动汽车300产线装配的复杂程度,缩短了产线装配所耗费的时间,提高了生产装配效率。而且,车载端组件和动力电池包集成为一体,在进行车辆设计时,不需要过多地考虑车辆底盘的结构设计以及车载端组件和动力电池包之间的配合,有利于简化底盘的结构设计,缩短整车的底盘设计过程,简化后期产线装配过程,提高生产效率。
一种实施方式中,外壳1包括底板11、与底板11相对设置的顶板12、连接在底板11和顶板12之间的两个侧板13。车载动力电池20装设于电动汽车300的底盘31上时,顶板12为外壳1与底盘31接触的部分,底板11为外壳1远离底盘31的部分。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,所述外壳也可以包括上壳体和下壳体,所述上壳体和所述下壳体相扣和即可形成所述壳体,本申请实施例对所述外壳的结构组成不作具体限定。
本实施方式中,底板11朝向顶板12的方向凹设形成凹槽101,在车载动力电池20需要进行充电时,电动汽车300行驶至凹槽101的开口与供电装置10的充电发射线圈103相对,收容于凹槽102内的充电受电线圈2感应充电发射线圈103的交变磁场产生感应电流,以无线接收供电装置10发射的能量。可以理解的是,由于充电受电线圈2收容于凹槽101内,在车载动力电池20装配于底盘31上时,充电受电线圈2不会突出于外壳1的外表面, 在电动汽车300行驶过程中不易被剐蹭而损坏。而且,由于充电受电线圈2收容于凹槽101内,而非凸设于外壳1上,底板12、顶板13和两个侧板14围设成外形方正的外壳1,不仅方便对车载动力电池20进行安装和拆卸,还进一步简化了电动汽车300的底盘31的结构设计,有利于提高电动汽车300的生产效率和产能。需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,所述底板背离所述顶板的方向也可以凸设有收容槽,所述充电受电线圈也可以收容于所述收容槽内。
盖板4可拆卸地装配于底板12上,以盖合凹槽101。具体的,盖板4装配于凹槽101的槽壁,以密封凹槽101,防止外界的水分或氧气进入凹槽101损坏充电受电线圈2。本实施方式中,充电受电线圈2可拆卸地装配于盖板4上,盖板7装配于外壳1上,以将充电受电线圈2固定于凹槽101内,不会在凹槽101内随意晃动而避免车载动力电池20在充电时无法与充电发射线圈103对准的问题。可以理解的是,在其他实施方式中,所述充电受电线圈也可以可拆卸地装配于所述凹槽的槽壁上,本申请对此不做具体限定。需要了解的是,本申请所述可拆卸的装配方式包括且不限于螺钉或螺栓等固定方式。
一种实施方式中,盖板4包括充电部分41和固定部分42。充电部分41由非金属材料制成,充电受电线圈2通过充电部分121接收供电装置10发射的能量,即充电受电线圈2通过充电部分121感应充电发射线圈103的交变磁场产生感应电流。需要了解的是,充电受电线圈2和充电发射线圈103之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,采用非金属材料制成的充电部分121有效保障了充电受电线圈2和充电发射线圈103之间的能量传递,以实现车载动力电池20的充电。具体的,充电部分41为盖板4与充电受电线圈2正对的部分,也即充电受电线圈2在盖板4上的投影正好覆盖充电部分41,以使充电受电线圈2朝向充电部分41表面的每个位置都可以感应到充电发射线圈103的交变磁场而产生感应电流。固定部分42环绕设置于充电部分41的周缘,盖板4通过固定部分42装配于底板11上。可以理解的是,在其他实施方式中,所述充电部分也可以不为所述盖板与所述充电受电线圈正对的部分,或者所述盖板即为所述充电部分,本申请对所述充电部分在所述盖板上的位置不作具体限制。
本实施例中,底板11、顶板12和两个侧板13一体成型形成外壳1。外壳1由金属材料制成,金属材料制成的外壳1能集中屏蔽高压设备,极大地降低车载动力电池20的电磁辐射,不仅减少了车载动力电池20对其他车载部件的电磁干扰,提高车载动力电池20的电磁兼容性能,还能保证车载动力电池20泄露的电磁场在较低水平,确保位于车载动力电池20附近的人员安全。需要了解的是,由于充电受电线圈2收容于外壳1的凹槽101内,充电受电线圈2除却与充电发射线圈103相对的表面外,其他的表面均被底板11包围,金属材料制成的底板11能有效屏蔽充电受电线圈2其他表面泄露的电磁场,不仅可以防止充电受电线圈2产生的电磁场干扰电芯模组3、整流器4和控制器6的正常工作,还可以将车载动力电池20泄露的电磁场维持在较低水平,且不需要再单独为充电受电线圈2做电磁屏蔽设计,降低了车载动力电池20的制造成本。当然,在其他实施方式中,所述底板、所述顶板和两个所述侧板也可以为通过组装形成的一体式结构,以增加所述外壳的结构紧凑度。
一种实施方式中,底板11、顶板12和两个侧板13围设形成封闭的收容腔102,能防 止外界异物进入收容腔102内,改善了车载动力电池20的异物防护性能,提高了车载动力电池20的涉水能力,降低了车载动力电池20的漏电安全风险。电芯模组3和整流器5都收容于收容腔11内,整流器5连接于充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3之间。充电受电线圈2通过充电部分41感应供电装置10中充电发射线圈103发射的交变磁场后产生感应电流,并将感应电流输出至整流器5,整流器5将充电受电线圈2输出的感应电流变换为直流电后输出电芯模组3,电芯模组3接收并存储整流器5输出的直流电,实现车载动力电池20的充电功能。其中,整流器5与充电受电线圈2之间还连接有充电补偿电容(图未示),所述充电补偿电容补偿充电受电线圈2的电感量,以使充电受电线圈2产生85kHz的谐振来提高效率。
本实施方式中,车载动力电池20还具有高压输出接口21。高压输出接口21设于一个侧板14上且与电芯模组3电连接,用以将电芯模组3输出的高压直流电传递给高压外部负载(比如电动汽车的驱动电机),实现车载动力电池20对高压外部负载的供电。本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20将充电、存储和放电功能集成于一体,车载动力电池20的结构设计和电气设计更加集成,最大程度上简化了电动汽车300的结构设计工作,降低电动汽车300整体的设计和生产成本。
请参阅图5,图5是图4所示车载动力电池20沿A-A方向的剖面结构示意图。
收容腔102内嵌设有多个隔板,多个所述隔板将收容腔102划分为多个子收容腔103,多个子收容腔103用以分别收容电芯模组2、整流器5和控制器7。具体的,收容腔102内嵌设有五块所述隔板。五块所述隔板包括四块第一隔板14和一块第二隔板15。四块第一隔板14平行且间隔设置于两个侧板13之间,第二隔板15连接于两个侧板13之间,以将收容腔102划分为十个子收容腔103。
本实施方式中,十个子收容腔103中九子收容腔103用以收容电芯模组3,剩下的一个子收容腔103用以收容整流器5和控制器6。具体的,电芯模组3包括九个子电芯模组31,每一子电芯模组31两端的端板上设有螺柱(图未示),每一子电芯模组31通过螺柱固定于一个子收容腔103内。整流器5和控制器6分别装设于两个防护壳体(图未示)中,两个所述防护壳体通过螺柱固定于同一个子收容腔103内。整流器5和控制器6分别装设于所述防护壳体内,不仅方便整流器5和控制器6的安装固定,所述防护壳体还能隔绝整流器4和控制器6与外界环境,保护整流器5和控制器6。可以理解的是,在其他实施方式中,所述子电芯模组和所述防护壳体也可以通过螺钉或螺栓的方式固定于所述子收容腔内,本申请对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例所示车载动力电池20中,车载端组件和动力电池包集成为一个部件,车载端组件的整流器5和动力电池包的电芯模组3之间可以通过铜排螺栓或铜排焊接等方式实现电连接,不再需要单独的高低压线缆和接插件,不仅节省了昂贵的高压端子和高压线缆,降低了成本,还避免了高低压线缆和接插件带来的电磁兼容性问题。而且,在车载动力电池20装配于电动汽车300的底盘31上时,不需要考虑高低压线缆的布置,进一步简化了电动汽车300底盘31的结构设计和产线装配,简化了车载动力电池20的安装和拆卸过程,提高了生产效率和产能。而且,在电动汽车300有换电需求时,无高低压线缆和接插件的更换过程更简单,安全风险更小,可靠性高,能有效缩短换电时间,提高换电效率。
本申请实施例中,所述散热器嵌设于底板11内,对充电受电线圈2、电芯模组3和整流器5进行散热,提高充电受电线圈2、电芯模组3和整流器5的工作效率。具体的,所述散热器为动力电池包的散热器,所述散热器同时冷却车载端组件的充电受电线圈2和整流器5以及动力电池包的电芯模组3,相当于车载端组件共用动力电池包的散热器,即将车载端组件的散热器和动力电池包的散热器节省为一个散热器,不仅降低了散热器成本,还进一步简化了车载动力电池20的结构。
一种实施方式中,所述散热器为金属散热板,所述金属散热板位于充电受电线圈2远离盖板4的一侧,避免所述金属散热板影响充电受电线圈2通过充电部分41感应充电发射线圈103产生的交变磁场,进而提高车载动力电池20的充电效率。具体的,所述金属散热板位于充电受电线圈2和电芯模组3之间,整流器5与电芯模组3位于所述金属散热板的同一侧,即电芯模组3和整流器4位于所述金属散热板背离充电受电线圈2的一侧,避免电芯模组3和整流器4被充电受电线圈2泄露的电磁场干扰。其中,电芯模组3和整流器4均通过导热胶8与所述金属散热板接触,电芯模组3和整流器4工作时产生的热量通过导热胶7传递至所述金属散热板,提高了所述金属散热板对电芯模组3和整流器4的散热效率。可以理解的是,导热胶7的热传导系数大于空气的热传导系数,以加快对电芯模组3和整流器4的热传导效率。
请参阅图6,图6为图4所示车载动力电池20中底板11的放大结构示意图。
本实施方式中,所述散热器集成于底板11内,即所述散热器即为底板11。底板11包括相对设置的第一板体111和第二板体112。第一板体111朝向顶板12的表面设有冷凝水道113,用以供冷凝水流动,以将充电受电线圈2、电芯模组3和整理器4工作时产生的热量带走,实现对各个元器件的散热,提高各个元器件的工作效率。第二板体112盖合在冷凝水道113上,防止冷凝水道1113内的冷凝水流入收容腔102内,损坏收容腔102内的电子元器件。可以理解的是,由于充电受电线圈2收容于凹槽101内,即充电受电线圈2的三个面均由冷凝水道113环绕,冷凝水道113可以实现对充电受电线圈2的有效散热。本申请实施例车载动力电池20将所述散热器集成于底板11内,在底板11内开设冷凝水道113,采用一套水冷系统即可同时冷却车载端组件和动力电池包,节省了水冷系统的设计,减少了水冷系统所需要使用的水冷管道和连接器,节省了成本。
请一并参阅图7,图7是图4所示车载动力电池20中控制器6的具体结构示意图。
控制器6收容于收容腔102内,且与充电受电线圈2、整流器4和电芯模组3电连接。具体的,控制器6与整流器4位于同一子收容腔103内。本实施例中,车载动力电池20还具有低压接口22,低压接口22设于另一个侧板13上,且与控制器6电连接。低压接口22不仅用以将外部的低压电源输出的低压直流电传递给控制器6,实现对控制器6的供电,还用以使控制器6实现与外部的通信。需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,所述电芯模组和所述控制器之间还可以设有直流调压器,所述直流调压器用以将所述电芯模组输出的高压电转换成低压电输出给所述控制器,实现对所述控制器的供电,或者,所述直流调压器也可以将所述电芯模组输出的高压转换成低压电并通过所述控制器和所述低压接口实现对外部负载的低压供电。
具体的,控制器6包括控制模块61和通信模块62。控制模块61包括充电控制单元611 和电池管理单元612。充电控制单元611与整流器4和充电受电线圈2电连接,用以监控整流器4和充电受电线圈2的电流、电压和温度等状态。电池管理单元612与电芯模组3电连接,用以监控电芯模组3的电流、电压和温度等状态。通信模块62与控制模块61电连接,通信模块62为Wifi模块或蓝牙模块,用以实现控制器6与供电装置10的无线通信。
本实施例中,控制器6的控制模块61集成控制车载端组件的充电控制单元611和控制动力电池包的电池管理单元612,控制器6同时控制车载端组件的充电受电线圈2和整流器4以及动力电池包的电芯模组3,不需要采用多个控制器分别控制车载端组件和动力电池包,不仅节省了控制器成本,还避免了控制车载端组件的控制单元611和控制动力电池包的电池管理单元612之间的连接通讯,节省了端子和线束连接,降低了成本,还可以最大程度优化车载动力电池20的充电策略。
当装配于电动汽车300的底盘31上的车载动力电池20需要进行充电时,在电动汽车300行驶至距离供电装置10约五六米远的时候,电动汽车300的主控制器通过低压接口22向车载动力电池20的控制器6发送唤醒信号,控制器6中控制模块61的充电控制单元611接收该唤醒信号,并发送该唤醒信号,通信模块62接收该唤醒信号,并将该唤醒信号无线发送,供电装置10无线接收该唤醒信号准备充电。同时,控制模块61的电池管理单元612根据电芯模组3的电压和温度等信息核算所需要的充电电流等信息,并根据核算结果发送控制信号,充电控制单元611接收该控制信号并发送该控制信号,通信模块62接收该控制信号并将该控制信号无线发送,供电装置10无线接收该控制信号并根据该控制信号向车载动力电池20发射能量,从而实现控制器6与供电装置10的无线通信。
本实施例所提供的车载动力电池20中,充电受电线圈2通过充电部分41感应供电装置发射的高频交流磁场产生交流电,并将交流电输出至整流器5,整流器5将交流电变换为直流电,并将直流电输出至电芯模组3,电芯模组3进行电能存储,再将高压电从高压输出接口21输出至外部负载,实现车载动力电池20的充电、存储和放电的全过程。车载动力电池20中车载端组件和动力电池包在结构上完整融合,不需要采用车载端组件和动力电池包之间的高低压连接线缆和接口,在将车载动力电池20装配于电动汽车300上时,不需要过多考虑电动汽车300的底盘31的结构设计,可以极大地简化电动汽车300的设计工作和成本。
请参阅图8,图8是本申请实施例提供的第二种车载动力电池20的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20与上述第一种车载动力电池20的不同之处在于,车载动力电池20还包括逆变器8,逆变器8收容于收容腔102内且与电芯模组3电连接,用以转换电芯模组3存储的能量,并将转换后的能量输出至外部负载400。具体的,逆变器8连接在电芯模组3和高压输出接口21之间。车载动力电池20向外部负载400提供高压交流电时,逆变器8将电芯模组2输出的高压直流电变换为高压交流电后,经线缆或铜排通过高压输出接口21输出至外部负载400,实现向外部负载400的供电。
本实施例中,逆变器8收容于子电芯模组31所在的子收容腔103内。具体的,逆变器8在收容腔102内的装配方式与整流器5和控制器6相同,逆变器8装设于所述防护壳体内,装设有逆变器8的所述防护壳体再通过螺柱固定于子收容腔103内。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,所述逆变器也可以收容于所述整流器和所述控制器所在的子收容腔内, 本申请对此不做具体限定。
需要说明的是,当上述第一种实施例提供的车载动力电池20需要向外部负载400提供高压交流电时,电芯模组3经高压输出接口21输出的高压直流电是需要先在收容腔11外经过逆变器变换成高压交流电再输出至外部负载的。本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20中,将逆变器8也集成到外壳1的收容腔102内,电芯模组3输出的高压直流电先经逆变器8逆变成高压交流电后再从高压输出接口22输出至外部负载,使车载动力电池20集充电、存储和放电功能于一体,进一步降低了车载动力电池20的体积、重量和成本,车载动力电池20的结构设计、散热系统设计和电气设计将更加集成,最大程度地简化需要装配车载动力电池20的电动汽车的设计工作,降低电动汽车的设计和生产成本。
请参阅图9,图9是本申请实施例提供的第三种车载动力电池20的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20与上述第二种车载动力电池20的不同之处在于,车载动力电池20包括供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212,供电发射线圈211位于收容腔11内且与逆变器8电连接,用以接收逆变器8输出的能量并发射能量,供电受电线圈212位于收容腔11外,用以接收供电发射线圈211发射的能量,并将能量输出给外部负载400,实现车载动力电池20对外部负载400的无线供电。具体的,供电发射线圈211和供电接收线圈212位于侧板13的相对两侧。供电发射线圈211装配于第一线圈盖213内,第一线圈盖213通过螺钉固定于侧板13朝向收容腔11的表面,以使供电发射线圈211收容于收容腔102内,且靠近逆变器8设置,以减小电磁辐射。供电发射线圈211经线缆或铜排接收逆变器8输出的高压交流电,高压交流电在供电发射线圈211中流动会产生同频率的交变磁场。供电受电线圈212装配于第二线圈盖214内,第二线圈盖214通过螺钉固定于侧板14背离收容腔11的表面。供电受电线圈212经侧板14耦合供电发射线圈211发射出的交流电磁场,感应出同频率的感应电流,再经线缆输出至外部负载400,实现向外部负载400的无线供电。
本实施例中,第一线圈盖213和第二线圈盖214均由金属材料制成。第一线圈盖213包覆供电发射线圈211中不与供电受电线圈212相对设置的表面,第二线圈盖214包括供电受电线圈212中不与供电发射线圈211相对设置的表面,以屏蔽供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212泄露的电磁场,降低车载动力电池20的电磁辐射,提高车载动力电池20的电磁兼容性。
可以理解的是,相比于充电发射线圈103和充电受电线圈2,供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间的距离更小且相对位置是固定的,供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间的能量传递效率很高,因此可以采用体积和重量较小的线圈来降低车载动力电池20的体积和成本。
本实施例中,外壳1设有一与收容腔102连通的缺口103,供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212分别位于缺口103的两侧,即供电受电线圈212通过缺口103感应供电发射线圈的交流电磁场产生感应电流。需要了解的是,供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,在由金属材料制成的外壳1上开设缺口103来实现供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间的能量传递,有效保障了能量传递的可靠性,实现车载动力电池20对外部负载400的供电。
本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20中采用供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212来替代上述第二种实施例中高压输出接口22,充电受电线圈2、电芯模组3、整流器4、控制器6、逆变器8和供电发射线圈211均集成在收容腔102内,各个器件可以在收容腔102内直接连接,取消了现有技术中车载端组件和动力电池包以及逆变器与外部负载之间的高低压线缆和接插件,不仅节省了成本,还提高了车载动力电池20的电磁屏蔽性能。
请参阅图10,图10为本申请实施例提供的第四种车载动力电池20的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20与上述第三种车载动力电池20的不同之处在于,外壳1包括供电部分14和主体部分。供电部分14由非金属材料制成,供电受电线圈212通过供电部分14接收供电发射线圈211发射的能量,即供电受电线圈212通过供电部分14感应供电发射线圈的交流电磁场产生感应电流。需要了解的是,供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间是依靠交变电磁场感应的原理来传输能量的,采用非金属材料制成的供电部分14有效保障了供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212之间的能量传递,实现车载动力电池20对外部负载400的供电。
一种实施方式中,供电部分14为侧板13与供电发射线圈211正对的部分,即供电发射线圈221在侧板14上的投影正好覆盖供电部分141,以使供电发射线圈211每个位置产生的交变磁场都能通过供电部分141传递给供电受电线圈212。可以理解的是,在其他实施方式中,所述供电部分也可以不为所述侧板与所述供电发射线圈正对的部分,本申请对此不作具体限制。
所述主体部分由金属材料制成,所述主体部分与供电部分14围设形成收容腔102。具体的,所述主体部分包括底板12、侧板13除去供电部分14的部分、顶板13和另一侧板14,即底板12、侧板13除去供电部分14的部分、顶板13和另一侧板14均由金属材料制成,能集中屏蔽高压设备,极大地降低车载动力电池20的电磁辐射,不仅减少了车载动力电池20对其他车载部件的电磁干扰,提高车载动力电池20的电磁兼容性能,还能保证车载动力电池20泄露的电磁场在较低水平,保证位于车载动力电池20附近的人员安全。
本申请实施例提供的车载动力电池20中采用供电发射线圈211和供电受电线圈212来替代上述第二种实施例中高压输出接口22,充电受电线圈2、整流器4、电芯模组3、控制器7、逆变器7和供电发射线圈211均集成在收容腔11内,各个器件可以在收容腔11内直接连接,取消了现有技术中车载端组件和动力电池包以及逆变器与外部负载之间的高低压线缆和接插件,不仅节省了成本,还提高了车载动力电池20的电磁屏蔽性能。
可以理解的是,在本申请的其他实施例中,当所述车载动力电池需要实现对外部负载的低压供电时,也可以取消低压接口,采用逆变器等器件将电芯模组输出的高压直流电经直流调压器转换成低压直流电后,再利用逆变器逆变成低压交流电,再通过一对无线供电线圈输出,最后利用整流器等器件将低压交流电变换为低压直流电输出,实现对外部负载的无线低压供电。
本申请实施例提供的可充放电的储能系统100、电动汽车300和车载动力电池20中,车载动力电池20的充电受电线圈2和所述电芯模组3共用一个外壳1集成为一个部件,只需要单独安装车载动力电池20即可实现对充电受电线圈2和所述电芯模组3的安装,简化了车载动力电池20、可充放电的储能系统100和电动汽车300的结构,缩短了生产过程,降低了产线 装配的复杂程度,提高了生产效率。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种车载动力电池,其特征在于,包括外壳、充电受电线圈和电芯模组,所述外壳包括设于所述外壳外表面的凹槽和设于所述外壳内的收容腔,所述充电受电线圈收容于所述凹槽内,用以接收来自供电装置的能量并将能量输出,所述电芯模组收容于所述收容腔内且与所述充电受电线圈电连接,用以接收并存储所述充电受电线圈输出的能量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括盖板,所述盖板可拆卸地装配于所述外壳上,以盖合所述凹槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述盖板包括充电部分,所述充电部分由非金属材料制成,所述充电受电线圈通过所述充电部分接收来自所述供电装置的能量。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括整流器,所述整流器收容于所述收容腔内,且连接于所述充电受电线圈和所述电芯模组之间,用以接收所述充电受电线圈输出的能量,对能量进行转换并将转换后的能量输出,所述电芯模组用以接收并存储所述整流器输出的能量。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括散热器,所述散热器收容于所述收容腔内或者嵌设于所述外壳内,用以对所述充电受电线圈、所述整流器和所述电芯模组散热。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述散热器为金属散热板,所述金属散热板位于所述充电受电线圈远离所述盖板的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括控制器,所述控制器收容于所述收容腔内,且与所述充电受电线圈、所述电芯模组和所述整流器电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括逆变器,所述逆变器收容于所述收容腔内且与所述电芯模组电连接,用以转换所述电芯模组存储的能量,并将转换后的能量输出至外部负载。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述车载动力电池还包括供电发射线圈和供电受电线圈,所述供电发射线圈位于所述收容腔内且与所述逆变器电连接,用以接收所述逆变器输出的能量并发射能量,所述供电受电线圈位于所述收容腔外,用以接收所述供电发射线圈发射的能量,并将能量输出给所述外部负载。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述外壳设有一与所述收容腔连通的缺口,所述供电发射线圈和所述供电受电线圈分别位于所述缺口的两侧。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述外壳由金属材料制成。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述外壳包括供电部分,所述供电部分由非金属材料制成,所述供电受电线圈通过所述供电部分接收所述供电发射线圈发射的能量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的车载动力电池,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括主体部分,所述主体部分由金属材料制成,且与所述供电部分围设形成所述收容腔。
  14. 一种可充放电的储能系统,其特征在于,包括供电装置和权利要求1-13任一项所述的车载动力电池,所述供电装置用以发射能量,所述车载动力电池用以接收并存储所述供电装置发射的能量。
  15. 一种电动汽车,其特征在于,包括车身和权利要求1-13任一项所述的车载动力电池,所述车载动力电池可拆卸地安装于所述车身的底盘上。
PCT/CN2020/106927 2019-08-09 2020-08-05 车载动力电池、可充放电的储能系统和电动汽车 WO2021027641A1 (zh)

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