WO2021027299A1 - Hydrogen fuel cell and air supply system thereof, and rail transit vehicle - Google Patents

Hydrogen fuel cell and air supply system thereof, and rail transit vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021027299A1
WO2021027299A1 PCT/CN2020/083663 CN2020083663W WO2021027299A1 WO 2021027299 A1 WO2021027299 A1 WO 2021027299A1 CN 2020083663 W CN2020083663 W CN 2020083663W WO 2021027299 A1 WO2021027299 A1 WO 2021027299A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
fuel cell
hydrogen fuel
air supply
supply system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/083663
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江大发
蒋忠城
张俊
刘晓波
李旺
何秒
李中意
廖家鹏
何辉永
陈晶晶
张波
周礼
Original Assignee
中车株洲电力机车有限公司
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Publication of WO2021027299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027299A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, and more specifically, to a hydrogen fuel cell and an air supply system thereof.
  • the present application also relates to a rail transit vehicle.
  • Hydrogen fuel cell is an energy device that uses the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. It has the advantages of zero pollution, high efficiency, and low noise. It is highly compatible with the requirements of future rail transit vehicles for traction power supply systems.
  • the air supply system is one of the key subsystems of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the air supply system continuously provides clean air to the stack to maintain the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the air supply system of hydrogen fuel cells equipped with rail transit vehicles usually includes filters, compressors, air storage cylinders, humidifiers, pipelines, valves and other components to achieve air filtering, compression and storage functions, and Adjust the air temperature, humidity, cleanliness, pressure, flow and other parameters to meet the requirements of the stack for air quality and state.
  • the filter and compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell increase the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell; the power consumed by the compressor increases the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself, and reduces the output power and efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; while compressing Engines are also the main source of vibration and noise in hydrogen fuel cells. These factors all have an adverse effect on the improvement of the overall performance of hydrogen fuel cells.
  • the purpose of this application is to disclose a hydrogen fuel cell and its air supply system to reduce the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • Another purpose of this application is to disclose a rail transit vehicle.
  • An air supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell includes:
  • a compressed air storage device having an air inlet for connecting with an air outlet of an air compressor of an air brake system
  • An air supply adjusting device for adjusting the pressure and flow rate of compressed air, the air supply adjusting device having an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the air inlet of the air supply adjusting device and the compressed air storage The air outlet of the device is connected.
  • the compressed air storage device includes:
  • a fuel cell air storage cylinder which is provided with a pressure gauge and a safety valve;
  • the first filter is arranged on the intake side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder.
  • the air supply adjustment device includes:
  • a pressure reducing valve arranged on the air outlet side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder
  • a flow control valve arranged on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve.
  • the air supply adjustment device further includes a humidifier arranged on the air outlet side of the flow control valve, and the air outlet of the humidifier is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
  • the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in this application includes a compressed air storage device, which has an air inlet for connecting with the air outlet of the air compressor of the air brake system; An air supply regulating device that regulates the pressure and flow of compressed air.
  • the air supply regulating device has an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the air inlet of the air supply regulating device is connected with the air outlet of the compressed air storage device.
  • this application uses the air compressor of the air brake system to provide air to the hydrogen fuel cell, and eliminates the air compressor configured in the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell; Reduce the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself and improve the efficiency; eliminate the vibration and noise caused by the air compressor, thereby improving the vehicle vibration and noise control level of the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit vehicle, and improving the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit The comfort of the vehicle.
  • the application also discloses a hydrogen fuel cell, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack and an air supply system for supplying air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
  • the air supply system is any of the above-mentioned air supply systems.
  • the supply system has the above-mentioned effect, and the hydrogen fuel cell with the above-mentioned air supply system has the same effect, so it will not be repeated here.
  • the application also discloses a rail transit vehicle including an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell is the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell. Because the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell has the above-mentioned effects, a rail transit vehicle with the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell It has the same effect, so I won't repeat it in this article.
  • the air brake system includes a second filter, an air compressor, and a brake air reservoir connected in sequence along the air flow direction, and the air supply system is connected to the air compressor. Air outlet connection.
  • the air brake system further includes a dryer located between the air compressor and the brake air reservoir, and the air supply system and the air outlet of the dryer Connection; a first air valve is provided between the dryer and the air supply system, and a second air valve is provided between the dryer and the brake air reservoir.
  • the brake air storage cylinder, the hydrogen fuel cell, and the air brake wind source formed by the second filter and the air compressor are dispersedly arranged in the rail transit vehicle body
  • the roof and/or bottom of the vehicle are connected to each other through an air supply pipeline.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection between an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail transit vehicle disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rail transit vehicle disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the application discloses a hydrogen fuel cell and an air supply system thereof, which reduces the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in the embodiments of the present application includes a compressed air storage device, which has an air inlet for connecting with the air outlet of the air compressor 2 of the air brake system; An air supply adjusting device for adjusting the pressure and flow rate of compressed air.
  • the air supply adjusting device has an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, and the air inlet of the air supply adjusting device is connected to the air outlet of the compressed air storage device .
  • air compressor 2 The applicant found that rail transit vehicles widely use air brake systems, and their air source subsystems include air compressor 2, filters, air storage cylinders and other equipment, which can provide air with a certain pressure, flow, and cleanliness.
  • the above-mentioned air compressor 2 adopts an oil-free compressor, which can be a screw compressor, a centrifugal compressor or a turbocharger that meets the performance requirements; one-stage compression or two-stage compression can be adopted according to the compression capacity.
  • the air inlet of the compressed air storage device is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2 of the air brake system, so that the air compressor 2 of the air brake system is used to provide the air source, and the compressed air is first stored in
  • the compressed air storage device uses the air supply adjusting device to adjust the pressure and flow rate of the compressed air, and then supplies the adjusted compressed air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the present application uses the air compressor 2 of the air brake system to provide air to the hydrogen fuel cell, and eliminates the air compressor 2 configured in the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell. ; At the same time, the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself is reduced, and the efficiency is improved; the vibration and noise caused by the air compressor 2 are eliminated, thereby improving the vehicle vibration and noise control level of the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit vehicle, and improving the hydrogen fuel The comfort of battery rail transit vehicles.
  • the compressed air storage device includes a fuel cell air storage cylinder 10, the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 is provided with a pressure gauge 5 and a safety valve 11; a first filter arranged on the intake side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 4.
  • the first filter 4 is used to filter the air compressed by the air brake system
  • the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 is used to store compressed air
  • the pressure gauge 5 is used to monitor the air pressure in the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 in real time.
  • the safety limit is 10MPa, of course, other values can be selected according to the actual use
  • open the safety valve 11 to release the compressed air, so that The air pressure is reduced to a safe range.
  • the pressure gauge 5 and the safety valve 11 are used for real-time monitoring to control the working state of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the compressed air storage device may also only include an air storage cylinder.
  • the air supply adjusting device includes a pressure reducing valve 6 arranged on the air outlet side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10; and a flow control valve 9 arranged on the air outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 6.
  • the pressure reducing valve 6 is used to reduce the pressure of the air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the flow control valve 9 is used to control the flow of air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 according to the working state of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • This application uses the pressure reducing valve 6 and the flow control valve 9 to monitor and control the working status of the hydrogen fuel cell air supply system in real time.
  • the air supply regulating device may also include a pressure regulating valve and a flow regulator.
  • the air supply adjusting device further includes a humidifier 7 arranged on the air outlet side of the flow control valve 9, and the air outlet of the humidifier 7 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the humidifier 7 is used to increase the humidity of the air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the pressure reducing valve 6, the flow control valve 9 and the humidifier 7 constitute the air supply regulating device of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the humidifier 7 increases the humidity of the compressed air and prevents the proton exchange membrane of the hydrogen fuel cell from losing water.
  • the above-mentioned air supply system can be equipped with other auxiliary devices, such as a muffler to eliminate noise at the air inlet of the system, a heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of compressed air, and a condenser to separate moisture in the compressed air.
  • auxiliary devices such as a muffler to eliminate noise at the air inlet of the system, a heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of compressed air, and a condenser to separate moisture in the compressed air.
  • the embodiment of the application also discloses a hydrogen fuel cell B, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 and an air supply system for supplying air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the air supply system is the air supply system provided by any of the above embodiments .
  • the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell B are reduced, and its advantages are brought by the air supply system.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 is connected to the terminal of the air supply system, and is usually assembled by a single proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the air provided by the air supply system is input to the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 and reacts with the hydrogen input from the anode in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 to generate electric energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a rail transit vehicle, including an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell B.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell B is the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell, which reduces the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the advantage is that the air
  • the air brake system includes a second filter 1, an air compressor 2 and a brake air accumulator 14 connected in sequence along the air flow direction.
  • the air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2.
  • the second filter 1 is used to filter out impurities such as dust in the air to meet the requirements of the air brake system and the hydrogen fuel cell B for the content of impurities such as dust in the air; Pressurize to meet the air pressure requirements of the air brake system and hydrogen fuel cell B.
  • the first filter 4 dedicated to the hydrogen fuel cell B of the compressed air storage device on the basis of the primary filtration of the air by the second filter 1 of the air brake system, only needs to further filter the compressed air that may be harmful
  • the harmful components of hydrogen fuel cell components such as catalysts and proton exchange membranes, etc.
  • SO2, H2S, and NOx reduce the function and performance requirements of the first filter 4, and extend the service life of the first filter 4.
  • the second filter 1 of the air brake system can also be arranged on the air outlet side of the air compressor 2, so that the air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2 on the front side of the second filter 1, so that only the air supply system is used.
  • the first filter 4 filters the air supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
  • the air brake system further includes a dryer 3 located between the air compressor 2 and the brake air storage cylinder 14.
  • the air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the dryer 3; the dryer 3 is provided between the air supply system
  • the dryer 3 is used to absorb moisture in the compressed air, and the air is primarily dried to meet the air humidity requirements of the air brake system; at the same time, the performance requirements of the internal dryer 3 of the hydrogen fuel cell B are reduced.
  • the front end of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell B along the air flow direction is connected to the air brake system of the rail transit vehicle to obtain filtered, compressed and dried air; the back end is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8Provide air with a certain pressure, flow and cleanliness.
  • the air compressor 2 provides air to the brake air reservoir 14 and the fuel cell air reservoir 10 through the second air valve 13 and the first air valve 12, respectively; the above-mentioned air valve is controlled by the air compressor 2 through the on-off air pipeline.
  • the first air valve 12 and the second air valve 13 can be independently controlled.
  • the second air valve 13 and the brake air accumulator 14, as well as the pipelines and valves at the rear end of the brake air accumulator 14, constitute the air brake system of the rail transit vehicle, which is similar to the hydrogen of the present application.
  • the air supply system of fuel cell B shares a set of air source devices.
  • the second filter 1, the air compressor 2, and the dryer 3 are the common parts of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell B of rail transit vehicles and the air source of the air brake system.
  • the outside air passes through the second filter 1, the air compressor 2 and dryer 3, the parameters such as pressure, cleanliness and humidity meet the compressed air quality requirements of the air brake system, and provide compressed air to the air brake system and hydrogen fuel cell B respectively.
  • the compression efficiency of the air compressor 2 and the dry processing capacity of the second filter 1 meet the requirements of simultaneously supplying compressed air to the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10.
  • the above-mentioned dryer 3 may also be arranged between the second air valve 13 and the brake air reservoir 14 to dry only the compressed air of the air brake system.
  • the brake air cylinder 14, the hydrogen fuel cell B, and the air brake air source A formed by the second filter 1 and the air compressor 2 are dispersedly arranged on the roof of the rail transit vehicle body 16 and/or the car. Bottom, and are connected to each other through the air supply pipeline 15.
  • the air supply system and air brake system of this application are arranged in a decentralized manner, that is, according to the layout of the rail transit vehicle equipment, comprehensively considering the installation space, location, and equipment weight, the components of the hydrogen fuel cell B air supply system Distributedly arranged on the roof or under the car, the parts are connected by air pipes, and the space of the whole car is effectively used.
  • the air brake air source A (including the second filter 1, the air compressor 2 and the dryer 3, etc.), the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B (Including the first filter 4, the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10, the pressure reducing valve 6, the flow control valve 9, the humidifier 7 and the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, etc.) are all dispersedly arranged under the vehicle.
  • the air brake air source A supplies compressed air to the brake air accumulator 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B through an air supply pipeline 15 that runs through the entire train.
  • the dotted line in Fig. 2 shows the air supply pipeline 15, which is arranged close to the bottom of the car in the actual train.
  • This example of implementation is suitable for rail transit vehicles such as EMUs, urban rail trains, etc., which are mounted on the undercarriage of equipment.
  • the air brake air source A and the brake air storage cylinder 14 are dispersedly arranged under the vehicle, and the hydrogen fuel cell B is arranged on the roof.
  • the air brake air source A supplies compressed air to the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B through an air supply pipeline 15 that penetrates the entire train and extends to the roof.
  • the broken line in Fig. 3 shows the air supply pipeline 15, which is arranged close to the bottom of the car or the end wall of the passenger compartment in the actual train.
  • This example of implementation is suitable for rail transit vehicles such as trams that use partial roof installations.
  • the foregoing embodiment examples describe the implementation of the technical solution of the present application applicable to rail transit vehicles in which related equipment such as air brake air source A, brake air storage cylinder 14 and hydrogen fuel cell B adopts undercarriage and roof installation.
  • related equipment such as air brake air source A, brake air storage cylinder 14 and hydrogen fuel cell B adopts undercarriage and roof installation.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell B can be installed in a machine room, and only the corresponding equipment layout plan and the air supply pipeline 15 path need to be adjusted. Then the technical solution of this application can be realized. It can be seen that the hydrogen fuel cell air supply system for rail transit vehicles provided by the present application has extremely strong applicability and scalability.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

A hydrogen fuel cell and an air supply system thereof, and a rail transit vehicle. The air supply system comprises a compressed air storage device having an air inlet connected to an air outlet of an air compressor (2) of an air brake system; and an air supply regulating device for regulating the pressure and flow rate of compressed air, the air supply regulating device having an air outlet for being connected to a hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), and an air inlet of the air supply regulating device being connected to the air outlet of the compressed air storage device. The air compressor (2) using the air brake system supplies air to a hydrogen fuel cell, so that an air compressor configured for the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell is omitted, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell and the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself, improving the efficiency, and eliminating the vibration and noise caused by the air compressor, and further improving the whole vehicle vibration and noise control level of the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit vehicle.

Description

氢燃料电池及其空气供应系统和轨道交通车辆Hydrogen fuel cell and its air supply system and rail transit vehicle
本申请要求于2019年08月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910749232.X、发明名称为“氢燃料电池及其空气供应系统和轨道交通车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201910749232.X, and the invention title is "hydrogen fuel cell and its air supply system and rail transit vehicle" on August 14, 2019, and its entire contents Incorporated in this application by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及轨道交通车辆技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种氢燃料电池及其空气供应系统，本申请还涉及一种轨道交通车辆。This application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, and more specifically, to a hydrogen fuel cell and an air supply system thereof. The present application also relates to a rail transit vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
氢燃料电池是一种利用氢和氧之间的电化学反应产生电能的能源装置，具有零污染、高效率、低噪声等优点，高度契合未来轨道交通车辆对牵引供电系统的要求。Hydrogen fuel cell is an energy device that uses the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. It has the advantages of zero pollution, high efficiency, and low noise. It is highly compatible with the requirements of future rail transit vehicles for traction power supply systems.
空气供应系统是氢燃料电池的关键子系统之一。氢燃料电池工作时，空气供应系统持续向电堆提供清洁的空气，维持氢燃料电池的正常运行。目前轨道交通车辆装备的氢燃料电池，其空气供应系统通常包括过滤器、压缩机、储风缸、加湿器、管路和阀门等零部件，实现对空气的过滤、压缩和储存等功能，并调节空气的温度、湿度、洁净度、压强和流量等参数，使之满足电堆对空气质量与状态的要求。The air supply system is one of the key subsystems of the hydrogen fuel cell. When the hydrogen fuel cell is working, the air supply system continuously provides clean air to the stack to maintain the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell. At present, the air supply system of hydrogen fuel cells equipped with rail transit vehicles usually includes filters, compressors, air storage cylinders, humidifiers, pipelines, valves and other components to achieve air filtering, compression and storage functions, and Adjust the air temperature, humidity, cleanliness, pressure, flow and other parameters to meet the requirements of the stack for air quality and state.
氢燃料电池的过滤器和压缩机等设备，增加了氢燃料电池的体积和重量；压缩机消耗的功率增加了氢燃料电池本身的能耗，降低了氢燃料电池的输出功率和效率；同时压缩机还是氢燃料电池振动和噪声的主要来源。这些因素均对氢燃料电池综合性能的提升造成了不利影响。The filter and compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell increase the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell; the power consumed by the compressor increases the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself, and reduces the output power and efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; while compressing Engines are also the main source of vibration and noise in hydrogen fuel cells. These factors all have an adverse effect on the improvement of the overall performance of hydrogen fuel cells.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此，本申请的目的在于公开一种氢燃料电池及其空气供应系统，以降低氢燃料电池的体积和重量。In view of this, the purpose of this application is to disclose a hydrogen fuel cell and its air supply system to reduce the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell.
本申请的另一目的在于公开一种轨道交通车辆。Another purpose of this application is to disclose a rail transit vehicle.
为了达到上述目的，本申请公开如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objective, the present application discloses the following technical solutions:
一种氢燃料电池的空气供应系统，包括：An air supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell includes:
压缩空气储存装置，其具有用于与空气制动系统的空气压缩机的出气口连接的进气口；A compressed air storage device having an air inlet for connecting with an air outlet of an air compressor of an air brake system;
用于调节压缩空气的压强和流量的空气供应调节装置，所述空气供应调节装置具有用于与氢燃料电池堆连接的出气口，所述空气供应调节装置的进气口与所述压缩空气储存装置的出气口连接。An air supply adjusting device for adjusting the pressure and flow rate of compressed air, the air supply adjusting device having an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the air inlet of the air supply adjusting device and the compressed air storage The air outlet of the device is connected.
优选的，上述空气供应系统中，所述压缩空气储存装置包括：Preferably, in the above air supply system, the compressed air storage device includes:
燃料电池储风缸，所述燃料电池储风缸设置有压力表和安全阀；A fuel cell air storage cylinder, which is provided with a pressure gauge and a safety valve;
设置在所述燃料电池储风缸进气侧的第一过滤器。The first filter is arranged on the intake side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder.
优选的，上述空气供应系统中，所述空气供应调节装置包括：Preferably, in the above-mentioned air supply system, the air supply adjustment device includes:
设置在所述燃料电池储风缸出气侧的减压阀；A pressure reducing valve arranged on the air outlet side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder;
设置在所述减压阀出气侧的流量控制阀。A flow control valve arranged on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve.
优选的，上述空气供应系统中，所述空气供应调节装置还包括设置在所述流量控制阀出气侧的加湿器，所述加湿器的出气口与所述氢燃料电池堆连接。Preferably, in the above-mentioned air supply system, the air supply adjustment device further includes a humidifier arranged on the air outlet side of the flow control valve, and the air outlet of the humidifier is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本申请公开的氢燃料电池的空气供应系统包括压缩空气储存装置，其具有用于与空气制动系统的空气压缩机的出气口连接 的进气口；用于调节压缩空气的压强和流量的空气供应调节装置，空气供应调节装置具有用于与氢燃料电池堆连接的出气口，空气供应调节装置的进气口与压缩空气储存装置的出气口连接。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in this application includes a compressed air storage device, which has an air inlet for connecting with the air outlet of the air compressor of the air brake system; An air supply regulating device that regulates the pressure and flow of compressed air. The air supply regulating device has an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the air inlet of the air supply regulating device is connected with the air outlet of the compressed air storage device.
应用时，使压缩空气储存装置的进气口与空气制动系统的空气压缩机的出气口连接，从而利用空气制动系统的空气压缩机提供风源，将压缩后的空气首先储存在压缩空气储存装置，接着利用空气供应调节装置调节压缩空气的压强和流量，然后将调节好的压缩空气供应到氢燃料电池堆。In application, connect the air inlet of the compressed air storage device with the air outlet of the air compressor of the air brake system, so as to use the air compressor of the air brake system to provide the air source, and the compressed air is first stored in the compressed air The storage device then uses the air supply adjustment device to adjust the pressure and flow of the compressed air, and then supplies the adjusted compressed air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack.
综上所述，本申请使用空气制动系统的空气压缩机向氢燃料电池提供空气，取消了氢燃料电池的空气供应系统配置的空气压缩机，从而降低了氢燃料电池的体积和重量；同时降低了氢燃料电池本身的能耗，提高了效率；消除了空气压缩机导致的振动和噪声，进而提高了氢燃料电池轨道交通车辆的整车振动和噪声控制水平，提高了氢燃料电池轨道交通车辆的舒适性。To sum up, this application uses the air compressor of the air brake system to provide air to the hydrogen fuel cell, and eliminates the air compressor configured in the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell; Reduce the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself and improve the efficiency; eliminate the vibration and noise caused by the air compressor, thereby improving the vehicle vibration and noise control level of the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit vehicle, and improving the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit The comfort of the vehicle.
本申请还公开了一种氢燃料电池，包括氢燃料电池堆和用于向所述氢燃料电池堆供应空气的空气供应系统，所述空气供应系统为上述任一种空气供应系统，由于上述空气供应系统具有上述效果，具有上述空气供应系统的氢燃料电池具有同样的效果，故本文不再赘述。The application also discloses a hydrogen fuel cell, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack and an air supply system for supplying air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The air supply system is any of the above-mentioned air supply systems. The supply system has the above-mentioned effect, and the hydrogen fuel cell with the above-mentioned air supply system has the same effect, so it will not be repeated here.
本申请还公开了一种轨道交通车辆，包括空气制动系统和氢燃料电池，所述氢燃料电池为上述氢燃料电池，由于上述氢燃料电池具有上述效果，具有上述氢燃料电池的轨道交通车辆具有同样的效果，故本文不再赘述。The application also discloses a rail transit vehicle including an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell is the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell. Because the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell has the above-mentioned effects, a rail transit vehicle with the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell It has the same effect, so I won't repeat it in this article.
优选的，上述轨道交通车辆中，所述空气制动系统包括沿空气流动方向依次连接的第二过滤器、空气压缩机和制动储风缸，所述空气供应系统与所述空气压缩机的出气口连接。Preferably, in the above-mentioned rail transit vehicle, the air brake system includes a second filter, an air compressor, and a brake air reservoir connected in sequence along the air flow direction, and the air supply system is connected to the air compressor. Air outlet connection.
优选的，上述轨道交通车辆中，所述空气制动系统还包括位于所述空气压缩机与所述制动储风缸之间的干燥器，所述空气供应系统与所述干燥器的出气口连接；所述干燥器与所述空气供应系统之间设置有第一气阀，所述干燥器与所述制动储风缸之间设置有第二气阀。Preferably, in the above-mentioned rail transit vehicle, the air brake system further includes a dryer located between the air compressor and the brake air reservoir, and the air supply system and the air outlet of the dryer Connection; a first air valve is provided between the dryer and the air supply system, and a second air valve is provided between the dryer and the brake air reservoir.
优选的，上述轨道交通车辆中，所述制动储风缸、所述氢燃料电池以及所述第二过滤器与所述空气压缩机形成的空气制动风源分散布置于轨道交通车辆车体的车顶和/或车底，且相互之间通过空气供应管路连接。Preferably, in the above-mentioned rail transit vehicle, the brake air storage cylinder, the hydrogen fuel cell, and the air brake wind source formed by the second filter and the air compressor are dispersedly arranged in the rail transit vehicle body The roof and/or bottom of the vehicle are connected to each other through an air supply pipeline.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本申请实施例公开的空气制动系统和氢燃料电池的连接示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection between an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例一公开的轨道交通车辆的结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail transit vehicle disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例二公开的轨道交通车辆的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rail transit vehicle disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式detailed description
本申请实施例公开了一种氢燃料电池及其空气供应系统，降低了氢燃料电池的体积和重量。The embodiment of the application discloses a hydrogen fuel cell and an air supply system thereof, which reduces the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell.
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
请参考附图1-3，本申请实施例公开的氢燃料电池的空气供应系统包括压 缩空气储存装置，其具有用于与空气制动系统的空气压缩机2的出气口连接的进气口；用于调节压缩空气的压强和流量的空气供应调节装置，空气供应调节装置具有用于与氢燃料电池堆8连接的出气口，空气供应调节装置的进气口与压缩空气储存装置的出气口连接。Please refer to FIGS. 1-3, the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in the embodiments of the present application includes a compressed air storage device, which has an air inlet for connecting with the air outlet of the air compressor 2 of the air brake system; An air supply adjusting device for adjusting the pressure and flow rate of compressed air. The air supply adjusting device has an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, and the air inlet of the air supply adjusting device is connected to the air outlet of the compressed air storage device .
申请人发现，轨道交通车辆广泛采用空气制动系统，其风源子系统包括空气压缩机2、过滤器和储风缸等设备，可以提供具有一定压强、流量和洁净度的空气。上述空气压缩机2采用无油压缩机，可为满足性能要求的螺杆式压缩机、离心压缩机或涡轮增压机；可根据压缩能力需要采用一级压缩或两级压缩等方式。The applicant found that rail transit vehicles widely use air brake systems, and their air source subsystems include air compressor 2, filters, air storage cylinders and other equipment, which can provide air with a certain pressure, flow, and cleanliness. The above-mentioned air compressor 2 adopts an oil-free compressor, which can be a screw compressor, a centrifugal compressor or a turbocharger that meets the performance requirements; one-stage compression or two-stage compression can be adopted according to the compression capacity.
应用时，使压缩空气储存装置的进气口与空气制动系统的空气压缩机2的出气口连接，从而利用空气制动系统的空气压缩机2提供风源，将压缩后的空气首先储存在压缩空气储存装置，接着利用空气供应调节装置调节压缩空气的压强和流量，然后将调节好的压缩空气供应到氢燃料电池堆8。In application, the air inlet of the compressed air storage device is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2 of the air brake system, so that the air compressor 2 of the air brake system is used to provide the air source, and the compressed air is first stored in The compressed air storage device then uses the air supply adjusting device to adjust the pressure and flow rate of the compressed air, and then supplies the adjusted compressed air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
综上所述，本申请使用空气制动系统的空气压缩机2向氢燃料电池提供空气，取消了氢燃料电池的空气供应系统配置的空气压缩机2，从而降低了氢燃料电池的体积和重量；同时降低了氢燃料电池本身的能耗，提高了效率；消除了空气压缩机2导致的振动和噪声，进而提高了氢燃料电池轨道交通车辆的整车振动和噪声控制水平，提高了氢燃料电池轨道交通车辆的舒适性。In summary, the present application uses the air compressor 2 of the air brake system to provide air to the hydrogen fuel cell, and eliminates the air compressor 2 configured in the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell. ; At the same time, the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell itself is reduced, and the efficiency is improved; the vibration and noise caused by the air compressor 2 are eliminated, thereby improving the vehicle vibration and noise control level of the hydrogen fuel cell rail transit vehicle, and improving the hydrogen fuel The comfort of battery rail transit vehicles.
如图1所示，压缩空气储存装置包括燃料电池储风缸10，燃料电池储风缸10设置有压力表5和安全阀11；设置在燃料电池储风缸10进气侧的第一过滤器4。As shown in Fig. 1, the compressed air storage device includes a fuel cell air storage cylinder 10, the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 is provided with a pressure gauge 5 and a safety valve 11; a first filter arranged on the intake side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 4.
本实施例中，利用第一过滤器4对空气制动系统压缩后的空气进去过滤， 利用燃料电池储风缸10储存压缩空气，利用压力表5实时监测燃料电池储风缸10内的空气压强，当燃料电池储风缸10内压强超过安全限值(具体的，该安全限值为10MPa，当然，根据实际使用情况，也可以选择其他数值)时，开启安全阀11泄放压缩空气，使空气压强降低到安全范围内。In this embodiment, the first filter 4 is used to filter the air compressed by the air brake system, the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 is used to store compressed air, and the pressure gauge 5 is used to monitor the air pressure in the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 in real time. When the pressure in the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 exceeds the safety limit (specifically, the safety limit is 10MPa, of course, other values can be selected according to the actual use), open the safety valve 11 to release the compressed air, so that The air pressure is reduced to a safe range.
本申请采用压力表5、安全阀11实时监测，控制氢燃料电池的空气供应系统的工作状态。当然，压缩空气储存装置也可以仅包括储风缸。In this application, the pressure gauge 5 and the safety valve 11 are used for real-time monitoring to control the working state of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell. Of course, the compressed air storage device may also only include an air storage cylinder.
优选的，空气供应调节装置包括设置在燃料电池储风缸10出气侧的减压阀6；设置在减压阀6出气侧的流量控制阀9。减压阀6用于降低燃料电池储风缸10向氢燃料电池堆8提供的空气的压强。流量控制阀9用于根据氢燃料电池的工作状态，控制燃料电池储风缸10向氢燃料电池堆8提供的空气的流量。Preferably, the air supply adjusting device includes a pressure reducing valve 6 arranged on the air outlet side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10; and a flow control valve 9 arranged on the air outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 6. The pressure reducing valve 6 is used to reduce the pressure of the air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8. The flow control valve 9 is used to control the flow of air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 according to the working state of the hydrogen fuel cell.
本申请利用减压阀6和流量控制阀9实时监测、控制氢燃料电池空气供应系统的工作状态。当然，空气供应调节装置还可以包括调压阀和流量调节器。This application uses the pressure reducing valve 6 and the flow control valve 9 to monitor and control the working status of the hydrogen fuel cell air supply system in real time. Of course, the air supply regulating device may also include a pressure regulating valve and a flow regulator.
进一步的技术方案中，空气供应调节装置还包括设置在流量控制阀9出气侧的加湿器7，加湿器7的出气口与氢燃料电池堆8连接。加湿器7用于增加燃料电池储风缸10向氢燃料电池堆8提供的空气的湿度。In a further technical solution, the air supply adjusting device further includes a humidifier 7 arranged on the air outlet side of the flow control valve 9, and the air outlet of the humidifier 7 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8. The humidifier 7 is used to increase the humidity of the air provided by the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
本实施例中，减压阀6、流量控制阀9和加湿器7构成了氢燃料电池的空气供应调节装置，加湿器7增加压缩空气的湿度，防止氢燃料电池的质子交换膜失水。In this embodiment, the pressure reducing valve 6, the flow control valve 9 and the humidifier 7 constitute the air supply regulating device of the hydrogen fuel cell. The humidifier 7 increases the humidity of the compressed air and prevents the proton exchange membrane of the hydrogen fuel cell from losing water.
根据实际使用场景的需要，上述空气供应系统可配置其他辅助器件，如消音器用于消除系统进气口的噪声、热交换器用于降低压缩空气的温度、冷凝器用于分离压缩空气中的水分等。According to actual usage scenarios, the above-mentioned air supply system can be equipped with other auxiliary devices, such as a muffler to eliminate noise at the air inlet of the system, a heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of compressed air, and a condenser to separate moisture in the compressed air.
本申请实施例还公开了一种氢燃料电池B，包括氢燃料电池堆8和用于向氢燃料电池堆8供应空气的空气供应系统，空气供应系统为上述任一实施例提供的空气供应系统，降低了氢燃料电池B的体积和重量，其优点是由空气供应系统带来的，具体的请参考上述实施例中相关的部分，在此就不再赘述。The embodiment of the application also discloses a hydrogen fuel cell B, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 and an air supply system for supplying air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8. The air supply system is the air supply system provided by any of the above embodiments , The volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell B are reduced, and its advantages are brought by the air supply system. For details, please refer to the relevant parts in the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
氢燃料电池堆8连接空气供应系统终端，通常采用质子交换膜氢燃料电池单体组装而成。空气供应系统提供的空气输入氢燃料电池堆8的阴极，在氢燃料电池堆8内部与阳极输入的氢气发生反应，产生电能。The hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 is connected to the terminal of the air supply system, and is usually assembled by a single proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell. The air provided by the air supply system is input to the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 and reacts with the hydrogen input from the anode in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 to generate electric energy.
本申请实施例还公开了一种轨道交通车辆，包括空气制动系统和氢燃料电池B，氢燃料电池B为上述氢燃料电池，降低了氢燃料电池的体积和重量，其优点是由上述空气供应系统带来的，具体的请参考上述实施例中相关的部分，在此就不再赘述。The embodiment of the present application also discloses a rail transit vehicle, including an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell B. The hydrogen fuel cell B is the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell, which reduces the volume and weight of the hydrogen fuel cell. The advantage is that the air For the details brought by the supply system, please refer to the relevant parts in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
如图1所示，空气制动系统包括沿空气流动方向依次连接的第二过滤器1、空气压缩机2和制动储风缸14，空气供应系统与空气压缩机2的出气口连接。As shown in FIG. 1, the air brake system includes a second filter 1, an air compressor 2 and a brake air accumulator 14 connected in sequence along the air flow direction. The air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2.
本实施例中，采用第二过滤器1将空气中的尘埃等杂质滤除，使之满足空气制动系统和氢燃料电池B对空气中尘埃等杂质含量的要求；采用空气压缩机2对空气加压，使之满足空气制动系统和氢燃料电池B对空气压强的要求。In this embodiment, the second filter 1 is used to filter out impurities such as dust in the air to meet the requirements of the air brake system and the hydrogen fuel cell B for the content of impurities such as dust in the air; Pressurize to meet the air pressure requirements of the air brake system and hydrogen fuel cell B.
这样一来，压缩空气储存装置的氢燃料电池B专用第一过滤器4，在空气制动系统的第二过滤器1对空气进行初级过滤的基础上，仅需进一步滤除压缩空气中可能危害氢燃料电池组件(如催化剂和质子交换膜等)的有害成分，包括SO2、H2S和NOx等，降低了对第一过滤器4的功能和性能要求，延长了第一过滤器4的使用寿命。空气制动系统的第二过滤器1还可以设置在空气压缩机2出气侧，使空气供应系统与第二过滤器1前侧的空气压缩机2的出气口 连接，从而仅利用空气供应系统的第一过滤器4对向氢燃料电池堆8供应的空气进行过滤。In this way, the first filter 4 dedicated to the hydrogen fuel cell B of the compressed air storage device, on the basis of the primary filtration of the air by the second filter 1 of the air brake system, only needs to further filter the compressed air that may be harmful The harmful components of hydrogen fuel cell components (such as catalysts and proton exchange membranes, etc.), including SO2, H2S, and NOx, reduce the function and performance requirements of the first filter 4, and extend the service life of the first filter 4. The second filter 1 of the air brake system can also be arranged on the air outlet side of the air compressor 2, so that the air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2 on the front side of the second filter 1, so that only the air supply system is used. The first filter 4 filters the air supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8.
优选的，空气制动系统还包括位于空气压缩机2与制动储风缸14之间的干燥器3，空气供应系统与干燥器3的出气口连接；干燥器3与空气供应系统之间设置有第一气阀12，干燥器3与制动储风缸14之间设置有第二气阀13。Preferably, the air brake system further includes a dryer 3 located between the air compressor 2 and the brake air storage cylinder 14. The air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the dryer 3; the dryer 3 is provided between the air supply system There is a first air valve 12 and a second air valve 13 is provided between the dryer 3 and the brake air reservoir 14.
本申请利用干燥器3吸收压缩空气中的水分，对空气进行初级干燥，使之满足空气制动系统对空气湿度的要求；同时降低对氢燃料电池B内部干燥器3的性能要求。In this application, the dryer 3 is used to absorb moisture in the compressed air, and the air is primarily dried to meet the air humidity requirements of the air brake system; at the same time, the performance requirements of the internal dryer 3 of the hydrogen fuel cell B are reduced.
氢燃料电池B的空气供应系统沿空气流动方向的前端与轨道交通车辆的空气制动系统连接，获取经过滤、压缩和干燥的空气；后端与氢燃料电池堆8连接，向氢燃料电池堆8提供具有一定压强、流量和洁净度的空气。The front end of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell B along the air flow direction is connected to the air brake system of the rail transit vehicle to obtain filtered, compressed and dried air; the back end is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8 to the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8Provide air with a certain pressure, flow and cleanliness.
空气压缩机2通过第二气阀13和第一气阀12分别向制动储风缸14和燃料电池储风缸10提供空气；上述气阀通过通断空气管路控制由空气压缩机2向制动储风缸14和燃料电池储风缸10的空气供应。第一气阀12和第二气阀13可独立控制。The air compressor 2 provides air to the brake air reservoir 14 and the fuel cell air reservoir 10 through the second air valve 13 and the first air valve 12, respectively; the above-mentioned air valve is controlled by the air compressor 2 through the on-off air pipeline. The air supply for the brake air reservoir 14 and the fuel cell air reservoir 10. The first air valve 12 and the second air valve 13 can be independently controlled.
本实施例中，第二气阀13和制动储风缸14，以及制动储风缸14后端的管路、阀门等其他组件，构成了轨道交通车辆的空气制动系统，与本申请氢燃料电池B的空气供应系统共用一套风源装置。In this embodiment, the second air valve 13 and the brake air accumulator 14, as well as the pipelines and valves at the rear end of the brake air accumulator 14, constitute the air brake system of the rail transit vehicle, which is similar to the hydrogen of the present application. The air supply system of fuel cell B shares a set of air source devices.
第二过滤器1、空气压缩机2和干燥器3为轨道交通车辆的氢燃料电池B的空气供应系统与空气制动系统风源的共用部分，外界空气经第二过滤器1、空气压缩机2和干燥器3处理，其压强、洁净度和湿度等参数达到空气制动系统对压缩空气质量的要求，分别向空气制动系统和氢燃料电池B提供压缩空 气。空气压缩机2的压缩效率和第二过滤器1、干燥的处理能力均满足同时向制动储风缸14和燃料电池储风缸10供应压缩空气的要求。The second filter 1, the air compressor 2, and the dryer 3 are the common parts of the air supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell B of rail transit vehicles and the air source of the air brake system. The outside air passes through the second filter 1, the air compressor 2 and dryer 3, the parameters such as pressure, cleanliness and humidity meet the compressed air quality requirements of the air brake system, and provide compressed air to the air brake system and hydrogen fuel cell B respectively. The compression efficiency of the air compressor 2 and the dry processing capacity of the second filter 1 meet the requirements of simultaneously supplying compressed air to the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10.
可以理解的是，上述干燥器3还可以设置在第二气阀13与制动储风缸14之间，仅干燥空气制动系统的压缩空气。It is understandable that the above-mentioned dryer 3 may also be arranged between the second air valve 13 and the brake air reservoir 14 to dry only the compressed air of the air brake system.
为了便于布局，制动储风缸14、氢燃料电池B以及第二过滤器1与空气压缩机2形成的空气制动风源A分散布置于轨道交通车辆车体16的车顶和/或车底，且相互之间通过空气供应管路15连接。In order to facilitate the layout, the brake air cylinder 14, the hydrogen fuel cell B, and the air brake air source A formed by the second filter 1 and the air compressor 2 are dispersedly arranged on the roof of the rail transit vehicle body 16 and/or the car. Bottom, and are connected to each other through the air supply pipeline 15.
本申请的空气供应系统、空气制动系统采用分散布置，即根据轨道交通车辆整车设备布置情况，综合考虑安装空间、位置和设备重量等因素，将氢燃料电池B的空气供应系统的零部件分散布置于车顶或车下，零部件之间通过空气管路连接，有效利用整车空间。The air supply system and air brake system of this application are arranged in a decentralized manner, that is, according to the layout of the rail transit vehicle equipment, comprehensively considering the installation space, location, and equipment weight, the components of the hydrogen fuel cell B air supply system Distributedly arranged on the roof or under the car, the parts are connected by air pipes, and the space of the whole car is effectively used.
如图2所示，在具体的实施例一中，空气制动风源A(含第二过滤器1、空气压缩机2和干燥器3等)、制动储风缸14和氢燃料电池B(含第一过滤器4、燃料电池储风缸10、减压阀6、流量控制阀9、加湿器7和氢燃料电池堆8等)均分散布置于车底。空气制动风源A通过贯穿整列车的空气供应管路15向制动储风缸14和氢燃料电池B供应压缩空气。图2中虚线所示为空气供应管路15，在实际列车中贴近车底布置。该实施范例适用于动车组、城轨列车等采用设备车底吊挂安装的轨道交通车辆。As shown in Figure 2, in specific embodiment 1, the air brake air source A (including the second filter 1, the air compressor 2 and the dryer 3, etc.), the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B (Including the first filter 4, the fuel cell air storage cylinder 10, the pressure reducing valve 6, the flow control valve 9, the humidifier 7 and the hydrogen fuel cell stack 8, etc.) are all dispersedly arranged under the vehicle. The air brake air source A supplies compressed air to the brake air accumulator 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B through an air supply pipeline 15 that runs through the entire train. The dotted line in Fig. 2 shows the air supply pipeline 15, which is arranged close to the bottom of the car in the actual train. This example of implementation is suitable for rail transit vehicles such as EMUs, urban rail trains, etc., which are mounted on the undercarriage of equipment.
如图3所示，在具体的实施例二中，空气制动风源A和制动储风缸14分散布置于车底，氢燃料电池B布置于车顶。空气制动风源A通过贯穿整列车、并延伸至车顶的空气供应管路15向制动储风缸14和氢燃料电池B供应压缩空气。图3中虚线所示为空气供应管路15，在实际列车中贴近车底或客室端 墙布置。该实施范例适用于有轨电车等采用部分设备车顶安装的轨道交通车辆。As shown in FIG. 3, in the second specific embodiment, the air brake air source A and the brake air storage cylinder 14 are dispersedly arranged under the vehicle, and the hydrogen fuel cell B is arranged on the roof. The air brake air source A supplies compressed air to the brake air storage cylinder 14 and the hydrogen fuel cell B through an air supply pipeline 15 that penetrates the entire train and extends to the roof. The broken line in Fig. 3 shows the air supply pipeline 15, which is arranged close to the bottom of the car or the end wall of the passenger compartment in the actual train. This example of implementation is suitable for rail transit vehicles such as trams that use partial roof installations.
上述实施范例描述了本申请技术方案适用于空气制动风源A、制动储风缸14和氢燃料电池B等相关设备采用车底吊挂和车顶安装方式的轨道交通车辆的实施方式。对于其他类型的轨道交通车辆及相应的设备安装方式，如电力机车和工程车，其氢燃料电池B可采用机械间安装方式，仅需调整相应的设备布置方案，和空气供应管路15路径，即可实现本申请技术方案。可见，本申请提供的轨道交通车辆氢燃料电池空气供应系统具有极强的适用性和可扩展性。The foregoing embodiment examples describe the implementation of the technical solution of the present application applicable to rail transit vehicles in which related equipment such as air brake air source A, brake air storage cylinder 14 and hydrogen fuel cell B adopts undercarriage and roof installation. For other types of rail transit vehicles and corresponding equipment installation methods, such as electric locomotives and engineering vehicles, the hydrogen fuel cell B can be installed in a machine room, and only the corresponding equipment layout plan and the air supply pipeline 15 path need to be adjusted. Then the technical solution of this application can be realized. It can be seen that the hydrogen fuel cell air supply system for rail transit vehicles provided by the present application has extremely strong applicability and scalability.
可以理解的是，上述空气供应系统和空气制动系统也可以集中布置。It is understandable that the above-mentioned air supply system and air brake system may also be centrally arranged.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this document can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, this application will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this document, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this document.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种氢燃料电池的空气供应系统，其特征在于，包括：An air supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that it comprises:
    压缩空气储存装置，其具有用于与空气制动系统的空气压缩机(2)的出气口连接的进气口；A compressed air storage device having an air inlet for connecting with an air outlet of an air compressor (2) of an air brake system;
    用于调节压缩空气的压强和流量的空气供应调节装置，所述空气供应调节装置具有用于与氢燃料电池堆(8)连接的出气口，所述空气供应调节装置的进气口与所述压缩空气储存装置的出气口连接。An air supply adjusting device for adjusting the pressure and flow rate of compressed air, the air supply adjusting device having an air outlet for connecting with the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), and the air inlet of the air supply adjusting device is connected to the Connect the air outlet of the compressed air storage device.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空气供应系统，其特征在于，所述压缩空气储存装置包括：The air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air storage device comprises:
    燃料电池储风缸(10)，所述燃料电池储风缸(10)设置有压力表(5)和安全阀(11)；A fuel cell air storage cylinder (10), the fuel cell air storage cylinder (10) is provided with a pressure gauge (5) and a safety valve (11);
    设置在所述燃料电池储风缸(10)进气侧的第一过滤器(4)。The first filter (4) is arranged on the intake side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder (10).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空气供应系统，其特征在于，所述空气供应调节装置包括：The air supply system according to claim 2, wherein the air supply adjustment device comprises:
    设置在所述燃料电池储风缸(10)出气侧的减压阀(6)；A pressure reducing valve (6) arranged on the air outlet side of the fuel cell air storage cylinder (10);
    设置在所述减压阀(6)出气侧的流量控制阀(9)。A flow control valve (9) arranged on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve (6).
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的空气供应系统，其特征在于，所述空气供应调节装置还包括设置在所述流量控制阀(9)出气侧的加湿器(7)，所述加湿器(7)的出气口与所述氢燃料电池堆(8)连接。The air supply system according to claim 3, wherein the air supply adjustment device further comprises a humidifier (7) arranged on the air outlet side of the flow control valve (9), and the humidifier (7) The gas outlet is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8).
  5. 一种氢燃料电池，包括氢燃料电池堆(8)和用于向所述氢燃料电池堆(8)供应空气的空气供应系统，其特征在于，所述空气供应系统为如权利要 求1-4任一项所述的空气供应系统。A hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell stack (8) and an air supply system for supplying air to the hydrogen fuel cell stack (8), characterized in that the air supply system is as claimed in claims 1-4 Any one of the air supply system.
  6. 一种轨道交通车辆，包括空气制动系统和氢燃料电池(B)，其特征在于，所述氢燃料电池(B)为如权利要求5所述的氢燃料电池。A rail transit vehicle comprising an air brake system and a hydrogen fuel cell (B), characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell (B) is the hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的轨道交通车辆，其特征在于，所述空气制动系统包括沿空气流动方向依次连接的第二过滤器(1)、空气压缩机(2)和制动储风缸(14)，所述空气供应系统与所述空气压缩机(2)的出气口连接。The rail transit vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that the air brake system comprises a second filter (1), an air compressor (2) and a brake air reservoir ( 14) The air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor (2).
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的轨道交通车辆，其特征在于，所述空气制动系统还包括位于所述空气压缩机(2)与所述制动储风缸(14)之间的干燥器(3)，所述空气供应系统与所述干燥器(3)的出气口连接；所述干燥器(3)与所述空气供应系统之间设置有第一气阀(12)，所述干燥器(3)与所述制动储风缸(14)之间设置有第二气阀(13)。The rail transit vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the air brake system further comprises a dryer (3) located between the air compressor (2) and the brake air storage cylinder (14). ), the air supply system is connected to the air outlet of the dryer (3); a first air valve (12) is provided between the dryer (3) and the air supply system, and the dryer ( 3) A second air valve (13) is arranged between the brake air accumulator (14).
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的轨道交通车辆，其特征在于，所述制动储风缸(14)、所述氢燃料电池(B)以及所述第二过滤器(1)与所述空气压缩机(2)形成的空气制动风源(A)分散布置于轨道交通车辆车体(16)的车顶和/或车底，且相互之间通过空气供应管路(15)连接。The rail transit vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the brake air accumulator (14), the hydrogen fuel cell (B) and the second filter (1) and the air The air brake wind source (A) formed by the compressor (2) is dispersedly arranged on the roof and/or the bottom of the rail transit vehicle body (16), and is connected to each other through an air supply pipeline (15).
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