WO2021027287A1 - 一种大光圈镜头和终端设备 - Google Patents

一种大光圈镜头和终端设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021027287A1
WO2021027287A1 PCT/CN2020/081002 CN2020081002W WO2021027287A1 WO 2021027287 A1 WO2021027287 A1 WO 2021027287A1 CN 2020081002 W CN2020081002 W CN 2020081002W WO 2021027287 A1 WO2021027287 A1 WO 2021027287A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
aperture
optical axis
aperture lens
object side
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/081002
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾远林
周勇
周少飞
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2021027287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027287A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical lenses, in particular to a large aperture lens and terminal equipment.
  • the value of the aperture number F# is an important indicator of the lens, and the value of the aperture number F# will directly affect the core functions of the imaging system such as night scene, capture, video, and background blur.
  • a large aperture small F# value
  • the imaging advantages of large-aperture lenses in low-illuminance environments have made this type of lens more and more widely used in security cameras, mobile phone cameras, and car cameras.
  • This application discloses a large-aperture lens, which is used to solve the disadvantage of poor imaging performance of the lens in a low illumination environment in the prior art.
  • a large-aperture lens in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens having a negative refractive power, and the first lens is close to the object side
  • the optical axis is concave, and the image side of the first lens is convex near the optical axis; the second lens with positive refractive power; the third lens with negative refractive power; the fourth lens with positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens with power; the sixth lens with negative power; the seventh lens with power, the seventh lens is an M-shaped lens, and the object side of the seventh lens is convex near the optical axis ,
  • the image side surface of the seventh lens is concave near the optical axis; wherein, the M-type lens refers to the inclination angle of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens except for the center of the apex. Turning point.
  • the large aperture lens includes a glass material lens, and the refractive index of the glass material changes with temperature to satisfy: dn/dt>0; where dn is the change in refractive index, and dt is the change in temperature.
  • the temperature characteristics of the glass material it can compensate for the best image plane drift of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens. That is, the lens can clearly image in high and low temperature environments without refocusing.
  • the large-aperture lens may only include a glass lens, which can reduce the lens cost of the lens.
  • At least one of the second lens, the fourth lens, or the fifth lens is selected The glass material lens.
  • the value of the aperture number F# of the large-aperture lens satisfies: 0.8 ⁇ F# ⁇ 1.5, so that the lens can meet the requirements of clear imaging in low illumination environment.
  • the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA of the lens with a large aperture satisfies: CRA ⁇ 36°, making the lens suitable for detectors with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the maximum field of view FOV of the large aperture lens satisfies: FOV ⁇ 90 °, so that the lens can meet the requirements of large field of view imaging.
  • the image height IH of the large-aperture lens of the large-aperture lens satisfies :IH ⁇ 9.2mm makes the lens meet the imaging requirements of large target surface and high pixel detector.
  • the image height IH is specifically the length of the diagonal of the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the large aperture lens.
  • the value of the aperture number F#, the image height IH and The total lens optical length TTL satisfies: 2.0 ⁇ F#2 ⁇ TTL/IH ⁇ 2.9; wherein the total lens optical length TTL is specifically the distance from the object side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the large aperture lens on the optical axis.
  • the curvature radius R1 of the object side surface of the first lens near the optical axis is equal to The radius of curvature R2 at the near optical axis of the image side satisfies: 0.3 ⁇ R1/R2 ⁇ 1.0.
  • a reasonable configuration of the curvature radius of the object side and the image side of the first lens is used to obtain a larger field of view angle and improve the ability to collect information on the object side.
  • the focal length f2 of the second lens is equal to the focal length of the large aperture lens f0 satisfies: 1.0 ⁇ f2/f0.
  • the focal length f2 of the second lens and the focal length f0 of the large-aperture lens are reasonably configured to increase the field angle of the large-aperture lens.
  • the combined focal length f4&5 of the fourth lens and the fifth lens is The focal length f0 of the lens satisfies: 0 ⁇ f4&5/f0 ⁇ 1.0.
  • the focal length f4&5 of the lens group combining the fourth lens and the fifth lens and the focal length f0 of the large-aperture lens are properly configured to increase the light input of the entire optical lens system and reduce the value of the aperture number F#.
  • the object side and the image side of each lens of the large aperture lens All are aspherical.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a terminal device, the terminal device including a lens, the lens being the first aspect or any one of the first to eleventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect Large aperture lens.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that the large aperture lens of the present application has excellent optical characteristics such as high resolution, low cost, large aperture, short total length, and large chief ray incident angle, and can be applied to high-pixel detectors and other imaging elements.
  • the lens components of the security surveillance camera and the vehicle-mounted intelligent driving assistance camera are excellent optical characteristics such as high resolution, low cost, large aperture, short total length, and large chief ray incident angle, and can be applied to high-pixel detectors and other imaging elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-piece large-aperture lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of a seven-piece large-aperture lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a curve diagram of the chief ray incident angle of a seven-piece large-aperture lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at room temperature according to the first embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large-aperture lens at a temperature of -30°C according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large-aperture lens at a temperature of +70°C according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the application;
  • FIG. 9 is a curve diagram of the chief ray incidence angle of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at room temperature according to the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at a temperature of -30°C according to the second embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at a temperature of +70° C. according to the second embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the application;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at room temperature according to the third embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at a temperature of -30°C according to Embodiment 3 of the application;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at a temperature of +70°C according to Embodiment 3 of the application;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the application.
  • FIG. 20 is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the application;
  • FIG. 21 is a curve diagram of the chief ray incidence angle of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the application;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at room temperature according to the fourth embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large-aperture lens at a temperature of -30°C according to Embodiment 4 of the application;
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large-aperture lens at a temperature of +70°C according to Embodiment 4 of the application;
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 5 of the application.
  • FIG. 26 is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 5 of the application;
  • FIG. 27 is a curve diagram of the chief ray incident angle of a seven-piece large aperture lens provided in Embodiment 5 of the application;
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at room temperature according to Embodiment 5 of the application;
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large-aperture lens at a temperature of -30°C according to Embodiment 5 of the application;
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the MTF curve of a seven-piece large aperture lens at a temperature of +70° C. according to Embodiment 5 of the application.
  • the large-aperture lens provided in the embodiments of the application can be applied to devices with image acquisition functions such as smart phones, tablets, digital cameras, digital video cameras, car cameras or industrial cameras, and can also be applied to the field of photography, automotive electronics, or industrial machinery Visual field, etc.
  • the large-aperture lens can also be applied to application scenarios such as security monitoring and intelligent driving assistance. For example, a security surveillance camera is used to shoot external video scenes, and a smart driving assistance camera is used to shoot external video scenes.
  • Aperture number F# It is the relative value obtained by dividing the focal length of the lens by the lens diameter (the reciprocal of the relative aperture). The smaller the value of the aperture number F#, the more light will enter in the same unit time.
  • the lens has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.
  • Negative power The lens has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.
  • TTL total tracking length, the total optical length of the lens, refers to the total length from the head of the lens barrel to the imaging surface, and is the main factor forming the height of the camera.
  • Abbe number Also known as the dispersion coefficient, it refers to the difference ratio of the refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, and indicates the degree of dispersion of the material.
  • Chief ray the light passing through the center of the entrance pupil and exit pupil of the lens.
  • CRA Chief Ray Angle, the incident angle of the chief ray, that is, the incident angle of the ray passing through the center of the entrance pupil and exit pupil of the lens on the image plane.
  • M-shaped lens The shape of the front and rear surfaces of the lens is similar to the "M" shape. Except for the center of the vertex, there are two symmetrical inflection points on the obliquity of the object side and the image side.
  • Temperature drift the offset between the best image surface of the system at a certain temperature and the best image surface at room temperature.
  • FOV Field Of View, field of view angle.
  • MTF Modulation Transfer Function, modulation contrast, an evaluation quantity that represents the imaging quality of the system.
  • IH Image Heigth, image height, that is, the height of the image formed by the system.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a large-aperture lens that can include seven lenses with optical power.
  • the large-aperture lens consists of a first lens with negative refractive power and a positive optical lens arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis.
  • the object side of the first lens is concave near the optical axis
  • the image side is convex near the optical axis
  • the seventh lens is an M-shaped lens
  • the seventh lens has a convex surface near the optical axis.
  • the side surface is concave near the optical axis
  • the M-type lens means that the inclination of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens has two symmetrical inflection points except for the center of the vertex.
  • any two adjacent lenses can be provided with an air gap, and any two adjacent lenses can be placed between any two adjacent lenses to limit the lens aperture.
  • the second lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens of the large aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application at least one lens is made of glass, and the remaining lenses are made of plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the large-aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the optimal image plane drift of the lens under different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens. That is, the lens can clearly image in high and low temperature environments without refocusing.
  • the large-aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application may only include a glass lens, so that the lens cost of the lens can be reduced.
  • the value of the aperture number F# of the large-aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application satisfies 0.8 ⁇ F# ⁇ 1.5, and the value of the aperture number F# enables the lens to meet the requirements for clear imaging in a low-light environment .
  • the maximum chief ray incident angle of the large aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application satisfies: CRA ⁇ 36°, and the maximum chief ray incident angle makes the lens suitable for a detector with a large chief ray incident angle .
  • the maximum field of view FOV of the large aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application satisfies: FOV ⁇ 90°, and the maximum field of view FOV enables the lens to meet the requirements of large field of view imaging.
  • the image height IH of the large-aperture lens in the embodiment of the present application satisfies IH ⁇ 9.2mm, where the image height IH is specifically the difference between the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the large-aperture lens The length of the angle.
  • the image height enables the lens to meet the imaging requirements of a large target surface and high pixel detector.
  • the total length TTL of the large aperture lens, the value of the aperture number F#, and the image height IH of the embodiment of the present application satisfy 2.0 ⁇ F#2 ⁇ TTL/IH ⁇ 2.9, where the total optical length of the large aperture lens TTL specifically refers to the distance from the object side of the first lens of the large aperture lens to the imaging surface of the large aperture lens on the optical axis.
  • TTL specifically refers to the distance from the object side of the first lens of the large aperture lens to the imaging surface of the large aperture lens on the optical axis.
  • the large aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application can satisfy the conditional expression 0.3 ⁇ R1/R2 ⁇ 1.0, where R1 and R2 are respectively the radius of curvature at the object side and image side of the first lens near the optical axis .
  • R1 and R2 are respectively the radius of curvature at the object side and image side of the first lens near the optical axis .
  • the large-aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application may satisfy 1.0 ⁇ f2/f0, where f2 is the focal length of the second lens; f0 is the focal length of the entire lens.
  • the focal length f2 of the second lens and the focal length f0 of the large-aperture lens are reasonably configured to increase the field angle of the large-aperture lens.
  • the large-aperture lens of the embodiment of the present application can satisfy 0 ⁇ f4&5/f0 ⁇ 1.0, where f4&5 is the focal length of the lens group of the fourth lens and the fifth lens; f0 is the focal length of the entire lens .
  • the focal length f4&5 of the lens group combining the fourth lens and the fifth lens and the focal length f0 of the large-aperture lens are properly configured to increase the light input of the entire optical lens system and reduce the value of the aperture number F#.
  • the optical imaging lens is not limited to include seven lenses. If necessary, the optical imaging lens may also include other The number of lenses.
  • the first embodiment of the present application provides a seven-piece large-aperture lens, as shown in FIG. 1 for the structure of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens includes in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens 101 with negative refractive power, the object side of the first lens 101 is concave near the optical axis, and the image side near the optical axis A convex surface; a second lens 102 with positive refractive power; a diaphragm 1001 for limiting the lens aperture; a third lens 103 with negative refractive power; a fourth lens 104 with positive refractive power; the first lens with positive refractive power Five lens 105; sixth lens 106 with negative refractive power; and seventh lens 107 with refractive power.
  • the seventh lens 107 is an M-shaped lens, and the object side of the seventh lens 107 is convex near the optical axis.
  • the image side surface is concave near the optical axis, where the M-type lens means that the inclination angles of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens 107 have two symmetrical inflection points except for the center of the apex.
  • the object side and image side of each lens of the seven-element large-aperture lens can be aspherical.
  • the characteristic of the aspherical lens is that the curvature is continuously changing from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens.
  • the aspheric lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantage of improving aberrations. After the aspheric lens is used, the aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the first embodiment of the present application adopts a hybrid design of glass lens and plastic lens, wherein the fourth lens is a glass lens, and the remaining lenses are plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the first embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the drift of the best image plane of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the first embodiment of the application has an F# value of 1.1; the total optical length of the lens TTL value is 17.5mm; the image height IH is 9.2mm; the maximum field of view FOV is 90°; the maximum chief ray The incident angle CRA is 38.1°.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of Embodiment 1 of the present application also meets the following design parameters:
  • the seven-element large-aperture lens of the first embodiment of the application includes seven lenses and a diaphragm. Each surface of the lens and the diaphragm are arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis, respectively, the first lens of the first lens A surface R1, the second surface R2 of the first lens, the first surface R3 of the second lens, the second surface R4 of the second lens, the stop STOP, the third surface R5 of the third lens... its radius of curvature R, The thickness of the center, refractive index n and Abbe number v are shown in Table 1-1.
  • Table 1-1 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index and Abbe number of each lens of the seven-piece large aperture lens
  • the seven lenses of the lens are all aspherical lenses and satisfy the following formula:
  • r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis
  • z is the vector height of the point along the optical axis
  • k is the second order of the optical surface where the point is located Surface coefficients
  • a4, a6, a8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20 are aspherical coefficients.
  • Example 1 of the present application The aspheric coefficient of each lens surface in Example 1 of the present application is shown in Table 1-2.
  • the basic parameters of the optical system of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in Example 1 of the application namely the lens focal length, aperture value, maximum angle of view, maximum chief ray incident angle, total lens optical length and design wavelength are shown in Table 1-3.
  • Lens focal length f0 5.75mm Aperture value F# 1.1 Maximum field of view FOV 90° Maximum chief ray incident angle CRA 38.1° Total optical length of lens TTL 17.5mm Design wavelength 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm
  • the chief ray incident angle curve diagram of the seven-element large-aperture lens of the first embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3, and the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA is 38.1°. Therefore, the seven-element large-aperture lens of the present application can Adapt to the detector with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the first embodiment of the present application at room temperature is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the first embodiment of the present application at a temperature of -30°C is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the first embodiment of the application at a temperature of +70° C. is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the second embodiment of the present application provides a seven-piece large-aperture lens, as shown in FIG. 7 for the structure of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens includes in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens 701 with negative refractive power, the object side of the first lens 701 is concave near the optical axis, and the image side near the optical axis A convex surface; a second lens with positive refractive power 702; a stop 7001 for limiting the lens aperture; a third lens with negative refractive power 703; a fourth lens with positive refractive power 704; the first lens with positive refractive power Five lens 705; a sixth lens 706 with negative refractive power; and a seventh lens 707 with refractive power, the seventh lens 707 is an M-shaped lens, and the object side of the seventh lens 707 is convex near the optical axis ,
  • the image side surface is conca
  • the object side and image side of each lens of the seven-element large-aperture lens can be aspherical.
  • the characteristic of the aspherical lens is that the curvature is continuously changing from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens.
  • the aspheric lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantage of improving aberrations. After the aspheric lens is used, the aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the second embodiment of the present application adopts a hybrid design of a glass lens and a plastic lens, wherein the second lens is a glass lens, and the other lenses are plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the optimal image plane drift of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the F# value of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the second embodiment of the application is 1.1; the total optical length of the lens TTL is 17.5mm; the image height IH is 9.2mm; the maximum field of view FOV is 90°; the maximum chief ray The incident angle CRA is 38.6°.
  • the seven-element large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application includes seven lenses and a diaphragm. Each surface of the lens and the diaphragm are arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis, respectively, the first lens A surface R1, the second surface R2 of the first lens, the first surface R3 of the second lens, the second surface R4 of the second lens, the stop STOP, the third surface R5 of the third lens... its radius of curvature R,
  • the center thickness Thickness, refractive index n and Abbe number v are shown in Table 2-1.
  • the seven lenses of the lens are all aspherical lenses and satisfy the following formula:
  • r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis
  • z is the vector height of the point along the optical axis
  • k is the second order of the optical surface where the point is located Surface coefficients
  • a4, a6, a8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20 are aspherical coefficients.
  • the basic parameters of the optical system of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the second embodiment of the application namely the lens focal length, aperture value, maximum angle of view, maximum chief ray incident angle, total lens optical length and design wavelength are shown in Table 2-3.
  • Lens focal length f0 5.57mm Aperture value F# 1.1 Maximum field of view FOV 90° Maximum chief ray incident angle CRA 38.6° Total optical length of lens TTL 17.5mm Design wavelength 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm
  • the simulation results of the focal depth position of light of different wavelengths on the image side that is, the axial chromatic aberration diagram, are shown in Figure 8, where different lines correspond to 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm wavelength light.
  • the chief ray incident angle curve diagram of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 9, and the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA is 38.6°. Therefore, the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application can Adapt to the detector with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application at room temperature is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the second embodiment of the present application at a temperature of -30°C is shown in FIG. 11.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the second embodiment of the present application at a temperature of +70° C. is shown in FIG. 12.
  • the third embodiment of the present application provides a seven-piece large-aperture lens, as shown in FIG. 13 for the structure of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens includes in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens 1301 with negative refractive power, the object side of the first lens 1301 is concave near the optical axis, and the image side near the optical axis A convex surface; a second lens with positive refractive power 1302; a diaphragm 13001 for limiting the lens aperture; a third lens with negative refractive power 1303; a fourth lens with positive refractive power 1304; the first lens with positive refractive power Five lens 1305; sixth lens 1306 with negative refractive power; and seventh lens 1307 with refractive power.
  • the seventh lens 1307 is an M-shaped lens.
  • the object side of the seventh lens 1307 is convex near the optical axis.
  • the image side surface is concave near the optical axis, where the M-type lens means that the inclination angles of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens 1307 have two symmetrical inflection points except for the center of the apex.
  • the object side and image side of each lens of the seven-element large aperture lens can be aspherical.
  • the characteristic of the aspherical lens is that the curvature is continuously changing from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens.
  • the aspheric lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantage of improving aberrations. After the aspheric lens is used, the aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the third embodiment of the application adopts a mixed design of glass lens and plastic lens, wherein the fifth lens is a glass lens, and the remaining lenses are plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the drift of the best image plane of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the application has an F# value of 1.1; the total optical length of the lens TTL value is 17.5mm; the image height IH is 9.2mm; the maximum angle of view FOV is 90°; the maximum chief ray The incident angle CRA is 36°.
  • the seven-element large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application includes seven lenses and a diaphragm. Each surface of the lens and the diaphragm are arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis.
  • the thickness, refractive index n and Abbe number v of the center are shown in Table 3-1.
  • Table 3-1 The curvature radius, thickness, refractive index and Abbe number of each lens of the seven-piece large aperture lens
  • the seven lenses of the lens are all aspherical lenses and satisfy the following formula:
  • r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis
  • z is the vector height of the point along the optical axis
  • k is the second order of the optical surface where the point is located Surface coefficients
  • a4, a6, a8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20 are aspherical coefficients.
  • the basic parameters of the optical system of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the third embodiment of the application namely the focal length of the lens, the aperture value, the maximum angle of view, the maximum chief ray incident angle, the total optical length of the lens, and the design wavelength are shown in Table 3-3.
  • Lens focal length f0 5.75mm Aperture value F# 1.1 Maximum field of view FOV 90° Maximum chief ray incident angle CRA 36° Total optical length of lens TTL 17.5mm Design wavelength 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm
  • the simulation results of the focal depth positions of light of different wavelengths on the image side are shown in Figure 14, where different lines correspond to 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm wavelength light.
  • the chief ray incident angle curve diagram of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 15, and the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA is 36°. Therefore, the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application can Adapt to the detector with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application at room temperature is shown in FIG. 16.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application at a temperature of -30°C is shown in FIG. 17.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the third embodiment of the present application at a temperature of +70° C. is shown in FIG. 18.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present application provides a seven-piece large-aperture lens
  • FIG. 19 shows the structure of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens includes in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens 1901 with negative refractive power, the object side of the first lens 1901 is concave near the optical axis, and the image side near the optical axis A convex surface; a second lens 1902 with positive refractive power; a diaphragm 19001 for limiting the lens aperture; a third lens 1903 with a negative refractive power; a fourth lens 1904 with a positive refractive power; a first lens with a positive refractive power Five lens 1905; sixth lens 1906 with negative refractive power; and seventh lens 1907 with refractive power.
  • the seventh lens 1907 is an M-shaped lens, and the object side of the seventh lens 1907 is convex near the optical axis.
  • the image side surface is concave near the optical axis, where the M-type lens refers to that the inclination angles of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens 1907 have two symmetrical inflection points except for the center of the apex.
  • the object side and image side of each lens of the seven-element large-aperture lens can be aspherical.
  • the characteristic of the aspherical lens is that the curvature is continuously changing from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens.
  • the aspheric lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantage of improving aberrations. After the aspheric lens is used, the aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the fourth embodiment of the present application adopts a hybrid design of glass lens and plastic lens, wherein the fifth lens is a glass lens, and the remaining lenses are plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the drift of the best image plane of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present application is to further reduce the total optical length of the lens TTL, and appropriately reduce the lens aperture (increase the value of the aperture number F#).
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application has an aperture number F# of 1.5; the total optical length of the lens TTL value is 10.0mm; the image height IH is 9.2mm; the maximum field angle FOV is 90°; the maximum chief ray The incident angle CRA is 36.1°.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of Embodiment 4 of the present application also meets the following design parameters:
  • the total optical length TTL of the seven-piece large-aperture lens is specifically the distance from the object side of the first lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens to the imaging surface of the seven-piece large-aperture lens on the optical axis;
  • the image height IH is specifically the The diagonal length of the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-element large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application includes seven lenses and a diaphragm. Each surface of the lens and the diaphragm are arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis, respectively, the first lens A surface R1, the second surface R2 of the first lens, the first surface R3 of the second lens, the second surface R4 of the second lens, the stop STOP, the third surface R5 of the third lens... its radius of curvature R, The thickness, refractive index n and Abbe number v of the center are shown in Table 4-1.
  • Table 4-1 The curvature radius, thickness, refractive index and Abbe number of each lens of the seven-piece large aperture lens
  • the seven lenses of the lens are all aspherical lenses and satisfy the following formula:
  • r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis
  • z is the vector height of the point along the optical axis
  • k is the second order of the optical surface where the point is located Surface coefficients
  • a4, a6, a8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20 are aspherical coefficients.
  • the basic parameters of the optical system of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the application namely the lens focal length, aperture value, maximum angle of view, maximum chief ray incident angle, total lens optical length and design wavelength are shown in Table 4-3.
  • Lens focal length f0 5.55mm Aperture value F# 1.5 Maximum field of view FOV 90° Maximum chief ray incident angle CRA 36.1° Total optical length of lens TTL 17.5mm Design wavelength 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm
  • the simulation results of the focal depth position of light of different wavelengths on the image side that is, the axial chromatic aberration diagram, are shown in Figure 20, where different lines correspond to 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm wavelength light.
  • the chief ray incident angle curve diagram of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the application is shown in FIG. 21, and the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA is 36.1°. Therefore, the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application can Adapt to the detector with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application at room temperature is shown in FIG. 22.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application at a temperature of -30°C is shown in FIG. 23.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application at a temperature of +70° C. is shown in FIG. 24.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present application provides a seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens includes in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens 2501 with negative refractive power, the object side of the first lens 2501 is concave near the optical axis, and the image side near the optical axis A convex surface; a second lens 2502 with positive refractive power; a diaphragm 25001 for limiting the lens aperture; a third lens 2503 with a negative refractive power; a fourth lens 2504 with a positive refractive power; a second lens with a positive refractive power Five lens 2505; sixth lens 2506 with negative refractive power; and seventh lens 2507 with refractive power.
  • the seventh lens 2507 is an M-shaped lens.
  • the object side of the seventh lens 2507 is convex near the optical axis.
  • the image side surface is concave near the optical axis, where the M-type lens means that the inclination angles of the object side and the image side of the seventh lens 2507 have two symmetrical inflection points except for the center of the apex.
  • the object side and image side of each lens of the seven-element large-aperture lens can be aspherical.
  • the characteristic of the aspherical lens is that the curvature is continuously changing from the center of the lens to the periphery of the lens.
  • the aspheric lens has better curvature radius characteristics and has the advantage of improving aberrations. After the aspheric lens is used, the aberrations that occur during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens in the fifth embodiment of the present application adopts a hybrid design of a glass lens and a plastic lens, wherein the fifth lens is a glass lens, and the remaining lenses are plastic.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of the glass material and the temperature changes satisfies dn/dt>0, dn is the change of the refractive index, and dt is the change of the temperature.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application can use the temperature characteristics of the glass material to compensate for the drift of the best image surface of the lens at different ambient temperatures, and realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the positive dn/dT of the glass material is used to compensate the negative dn/dT of the plastic material to realize the temperature drift correction of the lens.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present application is to further increase the lens aperture (decrease the value of the aperture number F#) and increase the total optical length TTL of the lens.
  • the F# value of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the application is 0.8; the total optical length of the lens TTL is 26.7mm; the image height IH is 6mm; the maximum angle of view FOV is 50°; the maximum chief ray incidence The angle CRA is 36°.
  • the seven-piece large-aperture lens of Embodiment 5 of the present application also meets the following design parameters:
  • the total optical length TTL of the seven-piece large-aperture lens is specifically the distance from the object side of the first lens of the seven-piece large-aperture lens to the imaging surface of the seven-piece large-aperture lens on the optical axis;
  • the image height IH is specifically the The diagonal length of the effective pixel area on the imaging surface of the seven-piece large-aperture lens.
  • the seven-element large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application includes seven lenses and a diaphragm. Each surface of the lens and the diaphragm are arranged in order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis, respectively, the first lens A surface R1, the second surface R2 of the first lens, the first surface R3 of the second lens, the second surface R4 of the second lens, the stop STOP, the third surface R5 of the third lens... its radius of curvature R, The thickness of the center, refractive index n and Abbe number v are shown in Table 5-1.
  • Table 5-1 The curvature radius, thickness, refractive index and Abbe number of each lens of the seven-piece large aperture lens
  • the seven lenses of the lens are all aspherical lenses and satisfy the following formula:
  • r is the distance from a point on the optical surface to the optical axis
  • z is the vector height of the point along the optical axis
  • k is the second order of the optical surface where the point is located Surface coefficients
  • a4, a6, a8, a10, a12, a14, a16, a18, a20 are aspherical coefficients.
  • Example 5 of the present application The aspheric coefficient of each lens surface in Example 5 of the present application is shown in Table 5-2.
  • the basic parameters of the optical system of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application namely the lens focal length, aperture value, maximum angle of view, maximum chief ray incident angle, total optical length of the lens, and design wavelength are shown in Table 5-3.
  • the simulation results of the focal depth positions of light of different wavelengths on the image side that is, the axial chromatic aberration diagram, are shown in Figure 26, where the different lines correspond to 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm wavelength light.
  • the chief ray incident angle curve diagram of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the application is shown in FIG. 27, and the maximum chief ray incident angle CRA is 36.1°. Therefore, the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application can Adapt to the detector with large chief ray incidence angle.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application at room temperature is shown in FIG. 28.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application at a temperature of -30°C is shown in FIG. 29.
  • the MTF curve of the seven-piece large-aperture lens of Embodiment 5 of the present application at a temperature of +70° C. is shown in FIG. 30.

Abstract

一种具有高解像、低成本、大光圈、短总长、大主光线入射角等光学特性的大光圈镜头及包含其的终端，其中，大光圈镜头由沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次排列的具有负光焦度的第一透镜（101）、具有正光焦度的第二透镜（102）、具有负光焦度的第三透镜（103）、具有正光焦度的第四透镜（104）、具有正光焦度的第五透镜（105）、具有负光焦度的第六透镜（106）和具有光焦度的第七透镜（107）组成；其中，第一透镜（101）的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面，第七透镜（107）为M形透镜，第七透镜（107）的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M形透镜指的是第七透镜（107）的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。

Description

一种大光圈镜头和终端设备 技术领域
本申请涉及光学透镜领域，尤其涉及一种大光圈镜头和终端设备。
背景技术
在成像系统中，光圈数F#的值是镜头的重要指标，光圈数F#的值会直接影响成像系统的夜景、抓拍、视频、背景虚化等核心功能。大光圈(更小的F#值)可以使成像系统接收更多的光量，使得系统在低照度环境下也能清晰地成像。大光圈镜头在低照度环境下的成像优势，使得该类镜头在安防摄像头、手机摄像头以及车载摄像头的应用越来越广。
目前市场上更需要一款高解像、小体积、低成本且能在低照度环境下成像的摄像头，以满足安防监控和车载智能辅助驾驶的要求。
发明内容
本申请公开一种大光圈镜头，用以解决现有技术中镜头在低照度环境下成像性能欠佳的缺点。
本申请的第一方面，提供一种大光圈镜头，所述大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，所述第一透镜的像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜；具有负光焦度的第三透镜；具有正光焦度的第四透镜；具有正光焦度的第五透镜；具有负光焦度的第六透镜；具有光焦度的第七透镜，所述第七透镜为M形透镜，所述第七透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，所述第七透镜的像侧面近光轴处为凹面；其中，所述M型透镜指的是所述第七透镜的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
根据第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头包含一片玻璃材质透镜，所述玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dt>0；其中dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。利用玻璃材质的温度特性，可以补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。即可以使镜头在高温与低温环境中，不需要重新调焦就能清晰成像。在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中的大光圈镜头可以只包含一片玻璃材质透镜，如此可以降低镜头的镜片成本。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第二透镜、第四透镜或第五透镜中至少一片透镜为所述玻璃材质透镜。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值满足：0.8≤F#≤1.5，使得该镜头可满足在低照度环境下清晰成像的要求。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈的镜头最大主光线入射角度CRA满足：CRA≥36°，使得该镜头可适配大主光线入射角的探测器。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第四种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头的最大视场角FOV满足：FOV≥90°，使得该镜头可满足大视场成像的要求。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头的所述大光圈镜头的像高IH满足：IH≥9.2mm使得该镜头可满足大靶面、高像素的探测器成像的要求。其中，所述像高IH具体为所述大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第六种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值、像高IH和镜头光学总长TTL满足：2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9；其中，所述镜头光学总长TTL具体为第一透镜的物侧面至所述大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离。通过控制镜头的光学总长、像高和光圈数F#的关系，用于实现该大光圈镜头的大光圈、短TTL及高像素成像的特点。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第七种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0。合理配置第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面的曲率半径用于获得更大的视场角度，提高对物侧信息的收集能力。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第八种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述第二透镜的焦距f2与所述大光圈镜头的焦距f0满足：1.0≤f2/f0。合理地配置第二透镜的焦距f2与大光圈镜头的焦距f0，用于提升所述大光圈镜头的视场角。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第九种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第十种可能的实现方式中，所述第四透镜与所述第五透镜的组合焦距f4&5与镜头焦距f0满足：0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0。合理地配置第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与大光圈镜头的焦距f0，用于提升整个光学透镜系统的进光量，减小光圈数F#的值。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一至第十种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第十一种可能的实现方式中，所述大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
本申请的第二方面，提供一种终端设备，所述终端设备包括镜头，所述镜头为第一方面或第一方面的第一至第十一种可能的实现方式的中任一所述的大光圈镜头。
本申请的有益效果在于，本申请的大光圈镜头具有高解像、低成本、大光圈、短总长、大主光线入射角等优秀的光学特性，能够适用于高像素的探测器等摄像元件构成的安防监控摄像头和车载智能辅助驾驶摄像头镜头组件。
本申请的这些和其他方面在以下多个实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的轴向色差图；
图3为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图；
图4为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在常温下的MTF曲线示意图；
图5为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图6为本申请实施例一提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图7为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的轴向色差图；
图9为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图；
图10为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在常温下的MTF曲线示意图；
图11为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图12为本申请实施例二提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图13为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的轴向色差图；
图15为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图；
图16为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在常温下的MTF曲线示意图；
图17为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图18为本申请实施例三提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图19为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的结构示意图；
图20为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的轴向色差图；
图21为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图；
图22为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在常温下的MTF曲线示意图；
图23为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图24为本申请实施例四提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图25为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的结构示意图；
图26为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的轴向色差图；
图27为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图；
图28为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在常温下的MTF曲线示意图；
图29为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图；
图30为本申请实施例五提供的一种七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃温度下的MTF曲线示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供的大光圈镜头可以应用于智能手机、平板、数码照相机、数码摄像机、车载摄像头或者工业摄像头等具有图像采集功能的装置，也可以应用于摄影摄像领域、汽车电子领域或者工业机器视觉领域等。另外，该大光圈镜头还可应用于安防监控、智能辅助驾驶等应用场景，例如采用安防监控摄像头拍摄外部视频场景，智能辅助驾驶摄像头拍摄外部视频场景等。
本申请实施例用到的各缩略语的定义如下：
光圈数F#：是镜头的焦距除以镜头通光直径得出的相对值(相对孔径的倒数)，光圈数F#的值越小，在同一单位时间内的进光量便越多。
正光焦度：镜片有正的焦距，有汇聚光线的效果。
负光焦度：镜片有负的焦距，有发散光线的效果。
TTL：total tracking length，镜头光学总长，指的是从镜筒头部至成像面的总长度，是形成相机高度的主要因素。
阿贝数：又称色散系数，是指光学材料在不同波长下的折射率的差值比，表示材料的色散程度大小。
主光线：通过镜头入瞳及出瞳中心的光线。
CRA：Chief Ray Angle，主光线入射角度，即通过镜头入瞳及出瞳中心的光线在像面上的入射角度。
M形透镜：透镜前后表面形状均为类似“M”形状，物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
温漂：系统在某一温度下的最佳像面与常温下的最佳像面偏移量。
FOV：Field Of View，视场角。
MTF：Modulation Transfer Function，调制对比度，一种表示系统成像质量的评价量。
IH：Image Heigth，像高，即系统所成图像的高度。
为了提供一种大光圈的光学镜头，并且满足高解像，成本相对较低，TTL相对较短，大主光线入射角要求。本申请实施例提供一种可以包括七片具有光焦度的透镜的大光圈镜头，该大光圈镜头由沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次排列的具有负光焦度第一透镜、具有正光焦度第二透镜、具有负光焦度的第三透镜、具有正光焦度的第四透镜、具有正光焦度的第五透镜、具有负光焦度的第六透镜和具有光焦度的第七透镜组成；其中，第一透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面，第七透镜为M形透镜，第七透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。在第一透镜至第七透镜中，任意相邻两透镜之间均可具备空气间隔，任意相邻两透镜之间均可放置用于限制镜头孔径的光阑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头的第二透镜、第四透镜和第五透镜中，至少有一片透镜为玻璃材质，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例的大光圈镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。即可以使镜头在高温与低温环境中，不需要重新调焦就能清晰成像。本申请实施例的大光圈镜头可以只包含一片玻璃材质透镜，如此可以降低镜头的镜片成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值满足0.8≤F#≤1.5，该光圈数F#的值使得该镜头可满足在低照度环境下清晰成像的要求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头的最大主光线入射角满足：CRA≥36°，该最大主光线入射角使得该镜头可适配大主光线入射角的探测器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头的最大视场角FOV满足：FOV≥90°，该最大视场角FOV使得该镜头可满足大视场成像的要求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头的像高IH满足IH≥9.2mm，其中，所述像高IH具体为所述大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。该像高使得该镜头可满足大靶面、高像素的探测器成像的要求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头总长TTL、光圈数F#的值及像高IH满足2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离。通过控制镜头的光学总长、像高和光圈数F#的关系，用于实现该大光圈镜头的大光圈、短TTL及高像素成像的特点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头可满足条件式0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0，其中R1、R2分别为第一透镜物侧面和像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径。合理地配置第一透镜的物侧面和像侧面的曲率半径用于获得更大的视场角度，提高对物侧信息的收集能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头可满足1.0≤f2/f0，其中f2为第二透镜的焦距；f0为整个镜头的焦距。合理地配置第二透镜的焦距f2与大光圈镜头的焦距f0，用于提升所述大光圈镜头的视场角。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的大光圈镜头可满足0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0，其中f4&5为第四透镜和第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距；f0为整个镜头的焦距。合理地配置第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与大光圈镜头的焦距f0，用于提升整个光学透镜系统的进光量，减小光圈数F#的值。
然而，本领域的技术人员应当理解，虽然在具体实施方式中以七片透镜为例进行了描述，但本光学成像镜头不限于包括七片透镜，如果与需要，该光学成像镜头还可包括其他数量的透镜。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例一，提供一种七片式大光圈镜头，如图1所示为该七片式大光圈镜头的结构。该七片式大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜101，该第一透镜101的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜102；用于限制镜头孔径的光阑1001；具有负光焦度的第三透镜103；具有正光焦度的第四透镜104；具有正光焦度的第五透镜105；具有负光焦度的第六透镜106；以及具有光焦度的第七透镜107，该第七透镜107为M形透镜，该第七透镜107的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜107的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
在本申请实施例一中，该七片式大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均可为非球面，非球面透镜的特点是：从透镜中心到透镜周边，曲率是连续变化的，非球面透具有更佳的曲率半径特性，具有改善像差的有点，采用非球面透镜后，能够尽可能地消除在成像的时候出现的像差，从而改善成像质量。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头的透镜采用玻璃透镜和塑料透镜的混合设计，其中第四片为玻璃材质的透镜，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，来补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值为1.1；镜头光学总长TTL的值为17.5mm；像高IH为9.2mm；最大视场角FOV为90°；最大主光线入射角CRA为38.1°。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头还满足如下设计参数：
(1)、该七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：R1/R2＝0.665，故符合0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0的条件。
(2)、第二透镜的焦距f2与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f2/f0＝1.93，故符合1.0≤f2/f0的条件。
(3)、第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f4&5/f0＝0.86，故符合0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0的条件。
(4)、七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL、像高IH，光圈数F#的值满足：F#2×TTL/IH＝2.30，故符合2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，该七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至七片式大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离；像高IH具体为该七片式大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头包括七片透镜及一个光阑，将透镜的每个表面与光阑按沿光轴从物侧至像侧顺序排列，分别为第一透镜的第一表面R1、第一透镜的第二表面R2、第二透镜的第一表面R3、第二透镜的第二表面R4、光阑STOP、第三透镜的第三表面R5……其曲率半径R、中心厚度Thickness、折射率n及阿贝数v如表1-1所示。
表1-1七片式大光圈镜头各镜片曲率半径、厚度、折射率及阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000001
本申请实施例一所述的七片式大光圈镜头，该镜头的七片透镜均为非球面透镜且满足下式：
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000002
其中，参数c＝1/R，即半径所对应曲率；r为光学表面上某一点到光轴的距离；z为该点沿光轴方向的矢高；k为该点所在的光学表面的二次曲面系数；a4、a6、a8、a10、a12、a14、a16、a18、a20为非球面系数。
本申请实施例一中各镜片表面非球面系数如表1-2所示。
表1-2各镜片非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000004
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头的光学系统基本参数，即镜头焦距、光圈值、最大视场角、最大主光线入射角、镜头光学总长和设计波长如表1-3所示。
表1-3、光学系统基本参数
镜头焦距f0 5.75mm
光圈值F# 1.1
最大视场角FOV 90°
最大主光线入射角CRA 38.1°
镜头光学总长TTL 17.5mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头，不同波长的光在像方的聚焦深度位置仿真结果，即轴向色差图如图2所示，其中不同的线条分别对应650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm波长的光。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图如图3所示，其最大主光线入射角CRA为38.1°，因此本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头可以适配大主光线入射角度的探测器。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头在常温下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图4所示。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图5所示。
本申请实施例一的七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图6所示。
本申请实施例二，提供一种七片式大光圈镜头，如图7所示为该七片式大光圈镜头的结构。该七片式大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜701，该第一透镜701的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜702；用于限制镜头孔径的光阑7001；具有负光焦度的第三透镜703；具有正光焦度的第四透镜704；具有正光焦度的第五透镜705；具有负光焦度的第六透镜706；以及具有光焦度的第七透镜707，该第七透镜707为M形透镜，该第七透镜707的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜707的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
在本申请实施例二中，该七片式大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均可为非球面，非球面透镜的特点是：从透镜中心到透镜周边，曲率是连续变化的，非球面透具有更佳的曲率半径特性，具有改善像差的有点，采用非球面透镜后，能够尽可能地消除在成像的时候出现的像差，从而改善成像质量。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头的透镜采用玻璃透镜和塑料透镜的混合设计，其中第二片为玻璃材质的透镜，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，来补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值为1.1；镜头光学总长TTL的值为17.5mm；像高IH为9.2mm；最大视场角FOV为90°；最大主光线入射角CRA为38.6°。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头还满足如下设计参数：
(1)、该七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：R1/R2＝0.532，故符合0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0的条件。
(2)、第二透镜的焦距f2与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f2/f0＝1.32，故符合1.0≤f2/f0的条件。
(3)、第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f4&5/f0＝0.95，故符合0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0的条件。
(4)、七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL、像高IH，光圈数F#的值满足：F#2×TTL/IH＝2.30，故符合2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，该七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至七片式大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离；像高IH具体为该七片式大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头包括七片透镜及一个光阑，将透镜的每个表面与光阑沿光轴从物侧至像侧按顺序排列，分别为第一透镜的第一表面R1、第一透镜的第二表面R2、第二透镜的第一表面R3、第二透镜的第二表面R4、光阑STOP、第三透镜的第三表面R5……其曲率半径R、中心厚度Thickness、折射率n及阿贝数v如表2-1所示。
表2-1七片式大光圈镜头各镜片曲率半径、厚度、折射率及阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000006
本申请实施例二所述的七片式大光圈镜头，该镜头的七片透镜均为非球面透镜且满足下式：
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000007
其中，参数c＝1/R，即半径所对应曲率；r为光学表面上某一点到光轴的距离；z为该点沿光轴方向的矢高；k为该点所在的光学表面的二次曲面系数；a4、a6、a8、a10、a12、a14、a16、a18、a20为非球面系数。
本申请实施例二中各镜片表面非球面系数如表2-2所示。
表2-2各镜片非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000009
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头的光学系统基本参数，即镜头焦距、光圈值、最大视场角、最大主光线入射角、镜头光学总长和设计波长如表2-3所示。
表2-3、光学系统基本参数
镜头焦距f0 5.57mm
光圈值F# 1.1
最大视场角FOV 90°
最大主光线入射角CRA 38.6°
镜头光学总长TTL 17.5mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头，不同波长的光在像方的聚焦深度位置仿真结果，即轴向色差图如图8所示，其中不同的线条分别对应650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm波长的光。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图如图9所示，其最大主光线入射角CRA为38.6°，因此本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头可以适配大主光线入射角度的探测器。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头在常温下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图10所示。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图11所示。
本申请实施例二的七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图12所示。
本申请实施例三，提供一种七片式大光圈镜头，如图13所示为该七片式大光圈镜头的结构。该七片式大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜1301，该第一透镜1301的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜1302；用于限制镜头孔径的光阑13001；具有负光焦度的第三透镜1303；具有正光焦度的第四透镜1304；具有正光焦度的第五透镜1305；具有负光焦度的第六透镜1306；以及具有光焦度的第七透镜1307，该第七透镜1307为M形透镜，该第七透镜1307的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜1307的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
在本申请实施例三中，该七片式大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均可为非球面，非球面透镜的特点是：从透镜中心到透镜周边，曲率是连续变化的，非球面透具有更佳的曲率半径特性，具有改善像差的有点，采用非球面透镜后，能够尽可能地消除在成像的时候出现的像差，从而改善成像质量。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头的透镜采用玻璃透镜和塑料透镜的混合设计，其中第五片为玻璃材质的透镜，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈 镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，来补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值为1.1；镜头光学总长TTL的值为17.5mm；像高IH为9.2mm；最大视场角FOV为90°；最大主光线入射角CRA为36°。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头还满足如下设计参数：
(1)、该七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：R1/R2＝0.625，故符合0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0的条件。
(2)、第二透镜的焦距f2与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f2/f0＝2.15，故符合1.0≤f2/f0的条件。
(3)、第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f4&5/f0＝0.91，故符合0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0的条件。
(4)、七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL、像高IH，光圈数F#的值满足：F#2×TTL/IH＝2.30，故符合2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，该七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至七片式大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离；像高IH具体为该七片式大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头包括七片透镜及一个光阑，将透镜的每个表面与光阑沿光轴从物侧至像侧按顺序排列，分别为第一透镜的第一表面R1、第一透镜的第二表面R2、第二透镜的第一表面R3、第二透镜的第二表面R4、光阑STOP、第三透镜的第三表面R5……其曲率半径R、中心厚度Thickness、折射率n及阿贝数v如表3-1所示。
表3-1七片式大光圈镜头各镜片曲率半径、厚度、折射率及阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000010
本申请实施例三所述的七片式大光圈镜头，该镜头的七片透镜均为非球面透镜且满足下式：
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000011
其中，参数c＝1/R，即半径所对应曲率；r为光学表面上某一点到光轴的距离；z为该点沿光轴方向的矢高；k为该点所在的光学表面的二次曲面系数；a4、a6、a8、a10、a12、a14、a16、a18、a20为非球面系数。
本申请实施例三中各镜片表面非球面系数如表3-2所示。
表3-2各镜片非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000012
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头的光学系统基本参数，即镜头焦距、光圈值、最大视场角、最大主光线入射角、镜头光学总长和设计波长如表3-3所示。
表3-3、光学系统基本参数
镜头焦距f0 5.75mm
光圈值F# 1.1
最大视场角FOV 90°
最大主光线入射角CRA 36°
镜头光学总长TTL 17.5mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头，不同波长的光在像方的聚焦深度位置仿真结果，即轴向色差图如图14所示，其中不同的线条分别对应650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm波长的光。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图如图15所示，其最大主光线入射角CRA为36°，因此本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头可以适配大主光线入射角度的探测器。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头在常温下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图16所示。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图17所示。
本申请实施例三的七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图18所示。
本申请实施例四，提供一种七片式大光圈镜头，如图19所示为该七片式大光圈镜头的结构。该七片式大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜1901，该第一透镜1901的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜1902；用于限制镜头孔径的光阑19001；具有负光焦度的第三透镜1903；具有正光焦度的第四透镜1904；具有正光焦度的第五透镜1905；具有负光焦度的第六透镜1906；以及具有光焦度的第七透镜1907，该第七透镜1907为M形透镜，该第七透镜1907的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜1907的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
在本申请实施例四中，该七片式大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均可为非球面，非球面透镜的特点是：从透镜中心到透镜周边，曲率是连续变化的，非球面透具有更佳的曲率半径特性，具有改善像差的有点，采用非球面透镜后，能够尽可能地消除在成像的时候出现的像差，从而改善成像质量。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头的透镜采用玻璃透镜和塑料透镜的混合设计，其中第五片为玻璃材质的透镜，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，来补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。
本申请实施例四为进一步减小镜头光学总长TTL，适当减小了镜头光圈(增大光圈数F#的值)。本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值为1.5；镜头光学总长TTL的值为10.0mm；像高IH为9.2mm；最大视场角FOV为90°；最大主光线入射角CRA为36.1°。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头还满足如下设计参数：
(1)、该七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处 的曲率半径R2满足：R1/R2＝0.695，故符合0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0的条件。
(2)、第二透镜的焦距f2与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f2/f0＝1.89，故符合1.0≤f2/f0的条件。
(3)、第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f4&5/f0＝0.83，故符合0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0的条件。
(4)、七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL、像高IH，光圈数F#的值满足：F#2×TTL/IH＝2.45，故符合2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，该七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至七片式大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离；像高IH具体为该七片式大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头包括七片透镜及一个光阑，将透镜的每个表面与光阑沿光轴从物侧至像侧按顺序排列，分别为第一透镜的第一表面R1、第一透镜的第二表面R2、第二透镜的第一表面R3、第二透镜的第二表面R4、光阑STOP、第三透镜的第三表面R5……其曲率半径R、中心厚度Thickness、折射率n及阿贝数v如表4-1所示。
表4-1七片式大光圈镜头各镜片曲率半径、厚度、折射率及阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000013
本申请实施例四所述的七片式大光圈镜头，该镜头的七片透镜均为非球面透镜且满足下式：
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000014
其中，参数c＝1/R，即半径所对应曲率；r为光学表面上某一点到光轴的距离；z为该点沿光轴方向的矢高；k为该点所在的光学表面的二次曲面系数；a4、a6、a8、a10、a12、a14、a16、a18、a20为非球面系数。
本申请实施例四中各镜片表面非球面系数如表4-2所示。
表4-2各镜片非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000016
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头的光学系统基本参数，即镜头焦距、光圈值、最大视场角、最大主光线入射角、镜头光学总长和设计波长如表4-3所示。
表4-3、光学系统基本参数
镜头焦距f0 5.55mm
光圈值F# 1.5
最大视场角FOV 90°
最大主光线入射角CRA 36.1°
镜头光学总长TTL 17.5mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头，不同波长的光在像方的聚焦深度位置仿真结果，即轴向色差图如图20所示，其中不同的线条分别对应650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm 波长的光。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图如图21所示，其最大主光线入射角CRA为36.1°，因此本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头可以适配大主光线入射角度的探测器。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头在常温下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图22所示。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图23所示。
本申请实施例四的七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图24所示。
本申请实施例五，提供一种七片式大光圈镜头，如图25所示为该七片式大光圈镜头的结构。该七片式大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：具有负光焦度的第一透镜2501，该第一透镜2501的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，像侧面近光轴处为凸面；具有正光焦度第二透镜2502；用于限制镜头孔径的光阑25001；具有负光焦度的第三透镜2503；具有正光焦度的第四透镜2504；具有正光焦度的第五透镜2505；具有负光焦度的第六透镜2506；以及具有光焦度的第七透镜2507，该第七透镜2507为M形透镜，该第七透镜2507的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，像侧面近光轴处为凹面，其中，M型透镜指的是该第七透镜2507的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
在本申请实施例五中，该七片式大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均可为非球面，非球面透镜的特点是：从透镜中心到透镜周边，曲率是连续变化的，非球面透具有更佳的曲率半径特性，具有改善像差的有点，采用非球面透镜后，能够尽可能地消除在成像的时候出现的像差，从而改善成像质量。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头的透镜采用玻璃透镜和塑料透镜的混合设计，其中第五片为玻璃材质的透镜，其余镜片为塑料材质。其中，该玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足dn/dt>0，dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头可以利用玻璃材质的温度特性，来补偿镜头在不同环境温度下的最佳像面漂移，实现镜头的温漂校正。具体地，通过玻璃材质的正向dn/dT，来补偿塑料材料的负向dn/dT，实现镜头的温漂校正。
本申请实施例五为进一步增大镜头光圈(减小光圈数F#的值)，增大了镜头光学总长TTL。本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值为0.8；镜头光学总长TTL的值为26.7mm；像高IH为6mm；最大视场角FOV为50°；最大主光线入射角CRA为36°。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头还满足如下设计参数：
(1)、该七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：R1/R2＝0.33，故符合0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0的条件。
(2)、第二透镜的焦距f2与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f2/f0＝3.34，故符合1.0≤f2/f0的条件。
(3)、第四透镜与第五透镜组合的透镜组的焦距f4&5与整个镜头的焦距f0满足：f4&5/f0＝0.72，故符合0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0的条件。
(4)、七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL、像高IH，光圈数F#的值满足：F#2×TTL/IH＝2.85，故符合2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9，其中，该七片式大光圈镜头的光学总长TTL具体为七片式大光圈镜头的第一透镜物侧面至七片式大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离；像高IH具体为该七片式大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头包括七片透镜及一个光阑，将透镜的每个表面与光阑沿光轴从物侧至像侧按顺序排列，分别为第一透镜的第一表面R1、第一透镜的第二表面R2、第二透镜的第一表面R3、第二透镜的第二表面R4、光阑STOP、第三透镜的第三表面R5……其曲率半径R、中心厚度Thickness、折射率n及阿贝数v如表5-1所示。
表5-1七片式大光圈镜头各镜片曲率半径、厚度、折射率及阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000017
本申请实施例五所述的七片式大光圈镜头，该镜头的七片透镜均为非球面透镜且满足下式：
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000018
其中，参数c＝1/R，即半径所对应曲率；r为光学表面上某一点到光轴的距离；z为该点沿光轴方向的矢高；k为该点所在的光学表面的二次曲面系数；a4、a6、a8、a10、a12、a14、a16、a18、a20为非球面系数。
本申请实施例五中各镜片表面非球面系数如表5-2所示。
表5-2各镜片非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2020081002-appb-000020
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头的光学系统基本参数，即镜头焦距、光圈值、最大视场角、最大主光线入射角、镜头光学总长和设计波长如表5-3所示。
表5-3、光学系统基本参数
镜头焦距f0 4.88mm
光圈值F# 0.8
最大视场角FOV 50°
最大主光线入射角CRA 36°
镜头光学总长TTL 26.7mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头，不同波长的光在像方的聚焦深度位置仿真结果，即轴向色差图如图26所示，其中不同的线条分别对应650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm波长的光。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头的主光线入射角度曲线图如图27所示，其最大主光线入射角CRA为36.1°，因此本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头可以适配大主光线入射角度的探测器。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头在常温下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图28所示。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头在-30℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图29所示。
本申请实施例五的七片式大光圈镜头在+70℃的温度下，该镜头的MTF曲线如图30所示。
以上所述，仅是本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非对本申请作任何形式上的限制。虽然本申请已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本申请。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本申请技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本申请技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本申请技术方案的内容，依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本申请技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头沿光轴从物侧至像侧依次包括：
    具有负光焦度的第一透镜，所述第一透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凹面，所述第一透镜的像侧面近光轴处为凸面；
    具有正光焦度第二透镜；
    具有负光焦度的第三透镜；
    具有正光焦度的第四透镜；
    具有正光焦度的第五透镜；
    具有负光焦度的第六透镜；
    具有光焦度的第七透镜，所述第七透镜为M形透镜，所述第七透镜的物侧面近光轴处为凸面，所述第七透镜的像侧面近光轴处为凹面；其中，所述M型透镜指的是所述第七透镜的物侧面和像侧面的面倾角除顶点中心外，均存在两个对称拐点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头包含一片玻璃材质透镜，所述玻璃材质的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dt>0；其中dn为折射率的变化量，dt为温度的变化量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述第二透镜、第四透镜或第五透镜中至少一片透镜为所述玻璃材质透镜。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值满足：0.8≤F#≤1.5。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈的镜头最大主光线入射角度CRA满足：CRA≥36°。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头的最大视场角FOV满足：FOV≥90°。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头的所述大光圈镜头的像高IH满足：IH≥9.2mm；其中，所述像高IH为所述大光圈镜头的成像面上有效像素区域的对角线的长度。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头的光圈数F#的值、像高IH和镜头光学总长TTL满足：2.0≤F#2×TTL/IH≤2.9；其中，所述镜头光学总长TTL为第一透镜的物侧面至所述大光圈镜头的成像面在光轴上的距离。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述第一透镜物侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R1与像侧面近光轴处的曲率半径R2满足：0.3≤R1/R2≤1.0。
  10. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的焦距f2与 所述大光圈镜头的焦距f0满足：1.0≤f2/f0。
  11. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述第四透镜与所述第五透镜的组合焦距f4&5与镜头焦距f0满足：0≤f4&5/f0≤1.0。
  12. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的大光圈镜头，其特征在于，所述大光圈镜头的每个透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为非球面。
  13. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括镜头，所述镜头为权利要求1-12中任一所述的大光圈镜头。
PCT/CN2020/081002 2019-08-09 2020-03-25 一种大光圈镜头和终端设备 WO2021027287A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910735013.6 2019-08-09
CN201910735013.6A CN112346208B (zh) 2019-08-09 2019-08-09 一种大光圈镜头和终端设备

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021027287A1 true WO2021027287A1 (zh) 2021-02-18

Family

ID=74366919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/081002 WO2021027287A1 (zh) 2019-08-09 2020-03-25 一种大光圈镜头和终端设备

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112346208B (zh)
WO (1) WO2021027287A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4242718A1 (en) * 2022-03-08 2023-09-13 Largan Precision Co. Ltd. Imaging optical lens assembly, imaging apparatus and electronic device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210030007A (ko) * 2019-09-09 2021-03-17 삼성전기주식회사 촬상 광학계
CN113419326B (zh) * 2021-05-17 2022-06-10 南京信息工程大学 一种大相对孔径高清成像镜头
CN115128769B (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-04 江西联创电子有限公司 光学镜头

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015072404A (ja) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-16 コニカミノルタ株式会社 撮像レンズ、撮像装置及び携帯端末
US20160377839A1 (en) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Ability Enterprise Co., Ltd Optical lens
CN107807436A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-03-16 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头
CN107976778A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-05-01 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头
CN107976775A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-05-01 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102340793B1 (ko) * 2014-10-20 2021-12-17 삼성전자주식회사 촬영 렌즈 및 이를 포함한 촬영 장치
TWI629534B (zh) * 2016-03-04 2018-07-11 先進光電科技股份有限公司 光學成像系統（三）
CN108227122B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2020-03-20 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头
CN109765678B (zh) * 2019-03-28 2021-03-16 广东旭业光电科技股份有限公司 一种摄像镜头及电子设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015072404A (ja) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-16 コニカミノルタ株式会社 撮像レンズ、撮像装置及び携帯端末
US20160377839A1 (en) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Ability Enterprise Co., Ltd Optical lens
CN107807436A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-03-16 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头
CN107976778A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-05-01 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头
CN107976775A (zh) * 2017-11-18 2018-05-01 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 摄像光学镜头

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4242718A1 (en) * 2022-03-08 2023-09-13 Largan Precision Co. Ltd. Imaging optical lens assembly, imaging apparatus and electronic device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112346208A (zh) 2021-02-09
CN112346208B (zh) 2022-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021027287A1 (zh) 一种大光圈镜头和终端设备
WO2021047222A1 (zh) 广角成像镜头
CN113156611B (zh) 光学镜头和成像设备
CN108318995B (zh) 一种透镜系统和镜头
JP6741019B2 (ja) 撮像レンズ及び車載用撮像装置
CN106980170B (zh) 一种超广角高清航拍仪用光学镜头
CN108663783B (zh) 一种大光圈低成本全景鱼眼镜头
JP6711361B2 (ja) 撮像レンズ
CN110568590A (zh) 一种星光级光学镜头及其成像方法
CN114236788A (zh) 一种6mm大光圈无热化玻塑混合镜头
CN108614344B (zh) 一种车载广角镜头
CN112034593A (zh) 光学成像系统、取像模组及电子装置
CN115248496B (zh) 一种高清晰度光学镜头及高性能激光雷达
JP2005321742A (ja) 超広角高解像度レンズ
CN114252981B (zh) 光学镜头
CN214151213U (zh) 一种光学成像镜头
CN211603698U (zh) 一种大通光低畸变的光学成像镜头
CN211826695U (zh) 一种高分辨率的变焦镜头
CN212341576U (zh) 一种低照下实现全彩摄影的定焦镜头
CN211375167U (zh) 一种大通光高分辨率的光学成像镜头
CN110441888B (zh) 一种定焦镜头
CN112698473B (zh) 光学镜头及电子设备
CN109445080B (zh) 一种镜头
CN113325548B (zh) 一种镜头
CN218471037U (zh) 一种大通光高分辨率的远摄镜头

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20851980

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20851980

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1