WO2021024322A1 - Système de centrale électrique à énergie renouvelable et dispositif de commande de centrale - Google Patents

Système de centrale électrique à énergie renouvelable et dispositif de commande de centrale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021024322A1
WO2021024322A1 PCT/JP2019/030587 JP2019030587W WO2021024322A1 WO 2021024322 A1 WO2021024322 A1 WO 2021024322A1 JP 2019030587 W JP2019030587 W JP 2019030587W WO 2021024322 A1 WO2021024322 A1 WO 2021024322A1
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power
pseudo
renewable energy
value
phase angle
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PCT/JP2019/030587
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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康晃 三ッ木
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東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2019/030587 priority Critical patent/WO2021024322A1/fr
Priority to JP2021538542A priority patent/JP7226560B2/ja
Publication of WO2021024322A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021024322A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

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  • This application relates to a renewable energy power plant system and a plant control device.
  • a plant system including a power system stabilizer is known.
  • the power system stabilizer of the above-mentioned conventional technique is constructed so as to disconnect the generator and stop the renewable energy power generation device in the event of a system accident. Disengagement of generators in the event of a system accident can prevent the generators from stepping out, and stopping the renewable energy generator can reduce the number of generators required to stabilize the power system.
  • the synchronous generator may perform unfavorable acceleration operation.
  • the synchronous generator is provided with a governor.
  • This governor is a speed governor for controlling the speed of a synchronous generator.
  • the speed governor provided in the synchronous generator is generally a mechanical device, the response speed is slow.
  • This slow response speed is, for example, a slow time constant of 1 second or more. Due to such a slow response speed, the speed control function of the conventional synchronous generator has a problem that the effect of suppressing unfavorable acceleration such as one-wave acceleration detuning is low.
  • This application was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present application is to provide a renewable energy power generation plant system and a plant control device equipped with a speed control function capable of high-speed response.
  • the renewable energy power plant system is A renewable energy power plant system that is connected to a bus in the vicinity of a synchronous generator via a step-up transformer or transmission line.
  • Renewable energy generator and A power conversion device that converts DC power generated by the renewable energy power generation device into AC power
  • a plant control device that controls the power conversion device based on the system voltage and system current of the grid interconnection point on the output side of the power conversion device.
  • the plant control device includes a frequency droop block for calculating an active power output upper limit value of the power conversion device.
  • the frequency droop block calculates a pseudo-angular velocity, which is an angular frequency obtained from the frequency of the system voltage, and a pseudo-internal phase angle based on an integral value of the pseudo-angular velocity.
  • the frequency droop block is constructed so that when the absolute value of the pseudo internal phase angle is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference phase angle, the active power output upper limit value is lowered when the pseudo angular velocity increases. ..
  • the plant control device is constructed to control a power converter included in a renewable energy power plant system connected to a bus in the vicinity of a synchronous generator via a step-up transformer or transmission line, which power converter is said to be the renewable energy.
  • a plant control device that converts DC power generated by a renewable energy power generation device included in a power plant system into AC power.
  • the plant controller A power command calculation block constructed to transmit a power command value calculated based on the system voltage and system current of the grid interconnection point on the output side of the power converter to the power converter.
  • a frequency droop block that calculates the upper limit of the active power output of the power converter, and Including The frequency droop block calculates a pseudo-angular velocity, which is an angular frequency obtained from the frequency of the system voltage, and a pseudo-internal phase angle based on an integral value of the pseudo-angular velocity.
  • the frequency droop block is constructed so that when the absolute value of the pseudo internal phase angle is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference phase angle, the active power output upper limit value is lowered when the pseudo angular velocity increases. ..
  • the plant control device is provided with the frequency droop block, high-speed processing is possible, so that the speed control function by the frequency droop block can be differentiated at a high response speed.
  • the active power output of the power converter can be reduced at a high response speed so as to suppress the occurrence of undesired acceleration in the interconnected synchronous generators.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a renewable energy power generation plant system 4 according to an embodiment.
  • the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 is connected to the synchronous generator system 3 via a bus 30.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a grid-connected power system 1 including a renewable energy power plant system 4 and a synchronous generator system 3.
  • Reference numeral 50 in FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system accident.
  • the synchronous generator 3a and the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 are interconnected in the vicinity.
  • the term “neighborhood” here means that the electrical distance is short, rather than the geographical meaning.
  • the output of the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 is suppressed when the synchronous generator 3a is accelerating, the acceleration of the synchronous generator 3a becomes moderate, and the synchronous generator 3a and the renewable energy power generation are performed. It is interconnected with the plant system 4 in the vicinity.
  • the synchronous generator 3a and the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 are connected to the same bus 30 via a step-up transformer or a transmission line having a relatively short length. It is more preferable that they are provided in the same substation.
  • the renewable energy power plant system 4 includes a current transformer 7a, an instrument transformer 7b, an interconnection transformer 5, a plurality of switches 6, a plurality of transformers 8, a plurality of power converters 9, and a plurality of transformers.
  • the DC power supplies 11 and 12 are provided.
  • one end of the interconnection transformer 5 is connected to the connection point 32 of the bus 30.
  • the other end of the interconnection transformer 5 is connected to one end of each of the plurality of switches 6.
  • the other end of each of the plurality of switches 6 is connected to one end of each of the plurality of transformers 8.
  • the other end of each of the plurality of transformers 8 is connected to the AC output end of each of the plurality of power conversion devices 9.
  • the signal outputs of the current transformer 7a and the instrument transformer 7b are transmitted to the plant control device 10.
  • the plant controller 10 can measure the value of the value and the system voltage V s of the system current Is of the grid interconnection point.
  • the DC power supply 11 is a renewable energy power generation device.
  • the renewable energy power generation device is a power generation device whose amount of power generation depends on the weather, and may be a solar cell array including a solar cell module or a wind power generator.
  • the renewable energy power generation device according to the embodiment is, for example, a solar cell module.
  • the DC power supply 12 is a storage battery. In the embodiment, a plurality of DC power supplies 12 are provided.
  • the plurality of power conversion devices 9 convert DC power from the plurality of DC power sources 11 and 12 into AC power.
  • the power conversion device 9 is a three-phase AC inverter circuit constructed of a plurality of semiconductor switching elements.
  • the power converter 9 is also referred to as a power conditioner system (PCS).
  • the plurality of power conversion devices 9 include a first power conversion device 9 and a second power conversion device 9.
  • the power conversion device 9 connected to the DC power supply 11 is referred to as a "first power conversion device 9".
  • the power conversion device 9 connected to the DC power supply 12 is referred to as a "second power conversion device 9".
  • the energy storage system (Energy Storage System: ESS) 20 is constructed by the second power conversion device 9 and one DC power supply 12. From this, the power storage system 20 is connected to the first power conversion device 9 connected to the DC power supply 11 in the AC path through which the AC output is transmitted. Such a connection method is also called an AC link method.
  • another DC power supply 12 is connected to the connection point between the first power conversion device 9 and the DC power supply 11.
  • the second DC power supply 12 which is a storage battery supplies the DC power to the DC path through which the DC power of the DC power supply 11 is transmitted.
  • Such a connection method is also called a DC link method.
  • Plant control unit 10 based on the system voltage V s and the system current Is of the grid interconnection point at the output of the power converter controls a plurality of power converter 9.
  • the plant control device 10 transmits an active power command value P * , an ineffective power command value Q *, and an active power output upper limit value Pref_limit to each of the plurality of power conversion devices 9.
  • Each of the plurality of power conversion devices 9 outputs AC output power based on the active power command value P * and the active power command value Q * within a range not exceeding the active power output upper limit value Pref_limit .
  • the plant control device 10 includes a power command calculation block 10b and a high-speed frequency droop block 10a.
  • Power command calculation block 10b calculates various system parameters including the effective power P and reactive power Q and the power factor Pf and the system voltage frequency f s.
  • the power command calculation block 10b calculates the active power command value P * and the reactive power command value Q * .
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a calculates a pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v and a pseudo-internal phase angle ⁇ v .
  • the pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • ⁇ v 2 ⁇ f s ... (1)
  • Frequency f s in the formula (1) is a system voltage frequency by the grid interconnection point of the renewable energy power plant system 4 (i.e. the connection point 32). That is, ⁇ v is an angular frequency obtained from the system voltage frequency f s .
  • the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is calculated by the equations (2) to (5) described later. Since the phase is generally obtained by integrating the frequency or the angular frequency, the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is determined based on the integrated value of the pseudo angular velocity ⁇ v also in the embodiment. Specifically, the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is calculated by the equation (2) described later when the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 is in normal operation. The pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v calculated by the equation (2) is an integrated value obtained by integrating the difference between the pseudo angular velocity ⁇ v and the rated frequency of the renewable energy power plant system 4. On the other hand, when a system voltage drop occurs, the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is calculated using equations (3) to (5) described later.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a outputs the active power output upper limit value Pref_limit based on the pseudo angular velocity ⁇ v and the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v . Specifically, in the high-speed frequency droop block 10a, when the absolute value of the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference phase angle, if the pseudo angular velocity ⁇ v increases, the active power output upper limit value of the power conversion device is increased.
  • the active power output upper limit value Phase_limit is calculated so as to reduce the Phase_limit .
  • the case where the pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v increases is when the system voltage frequency f s increases.
  • the synchronous generator system 3 is connected to the bus 30 via the connection point 31.
  • the synchronous generator system 3 includes a synchronous generator 3a and a generator control device 3b.
  • the generator control device 3b includes a governor 3c which is a speed governor.
  • the governor 3c is constructed so as to regulate the speed of the synchronous generator 3a by a mechanical mechanism.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a high-speed frequency droop block 10a included in the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 according to the embodiment.
  • the block diagram of FIG. 2 is not a limited illustration of the actual hardware circuit configuration, but corresponds to a functional block diagram. That is, the high-speed frequency droop block 10a may be realized by software by executing the software program previously stored in the non-volatile memory of the plant control device 10 by the arithmetic processing unit of the plant control device 10. In this case, each block of FIG. 2 is treated as a functional block included in the plant control device 10.
  • a dedicated processing circuit in which the high-speed frequency droop block 10a is constructed in hardware may be built in the plant control device 10.
  • each block shown in FIG. 2 is constructed by a combination of circuit logic or logic gates in a dedicated processing circuit.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a includes a first difference block 10a1, a multiplication block 10a2, a first-order lag element calculation block 10a3, a second difference block 10a4, an internal phase angle determination block 10a5, an internal phase angle calculation block 10a6, and the like.
  • a system voltage determination block 10a7 is provided.
  • the first difference block 10a1 outputs the difference between ⁇ v and 2 ⁇ f 0 .
  • f s is the system voltage frequency at the grid interconnection point, and is sometimes referred to as the “self-end frequency” of the renewable energy power plant system 4.
  • f 0 is the rated frequency of the system, for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
  • the multiplication block 10a2 multiplies the output of the first difference block 10a1 and the output of the internal phase angle determination block 10a5.
  • the first-order lag element calculation block 10a3 performs an operation based on the first-order lag element of the gain K and the time constant T on the output of the multiplication block 10a2.
  • Second difference block 10a4 calculates the difference between the output of the primary delay element calculation block 10a3 and plant rated output P 0 of the renewable energy power plant system 4.
  • the internal phase angle determination block 10a5 outputs 1 or 0 to the multiplication block 10a2 based on the comparison determination between the absolute value of the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v and the internal phase angle threshold ⁇ thre .
  • the internal phase angle threshold value ⁇ thre can be set based on, for example, the inertial constant of the synchronous generator 3a and the acceleration step-out prevention function.
  • the output of the first-order lag element calculation block 10a3 is input to the second difference block 10a4 only when the absolute value of the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is equal to or more than a predetermined reference (that is, ⁇ thre ). Will be done.
  • a predetermined reference that is, ⁇ thre .
  • the internal phase angle calculation block 10a6 calculates the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v by selectively using the equations (2) to (5) described later. Equations (2) to (5) are mounted on the high-speed frequency droop block 10a as predetermined calculation logic.
  • the system voltage determination block 10a7 is constructed so as to perform a comparative determination between the system voltage V s , the voltage drop threshold V sth, and the voltage recovery threshold V sth_r .
  • the voltage drop threshold V sth and the voltage recovery threshold V sth_r are shown in FIG. 3, and V sth ⁇ V sth_r .
  • the voltage recovery threshold value V sth_r may be set to a value of about 30% of the rated system voltage or the plant rated output P 0 as an example.
  • the voltage drop threshold V sth may be set to a value of about 10% of the rated system voltage or the plant rated output P 0 as an example.
  • System voltage determination block 10a7 is to connect the switch SW to switch the calculation logic of the internal phase angle calculation block 10a6 based on the magnitude of system voltage V s to one of the contacts A ⁇ C.
  • the system voltage determination block 10a7 connects the switch SW to the contact A when V s ⁇ V sth .
  • ⁇ v is calculated according to the equation (2).
  • the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is determined by the following equation (2).
  • the system voltage determination block 10a7 When V s ⁇ V sth , the system voltage determination block 10a7 further connects the switch SW to the contact B or the contact C according to the magnitude relationship between the voltage recovery threshold value V sth_r and the system voltage V s . If the system voltage drops significantly, the pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v may not be obtained. A typical example in which the system voltage drops significantly is a momentary voltage drop due to a system accident 50 or the like. In order to deal with such a case, the system voltage determination block 10a7 according to the embodiment is set to ⁇ in the following “first calculation method” and “second calculation method” according to the recovery status of the system voltage drop. Calculate v .
  • the ⁇ vbefore of the equation (3) is a pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v calculated according to the above equation (2) based on the pseudo angular velocity ⁇ vbefore of the time t vbefore when the system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 occurs. That is, ⁇ vbefore is a pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v calculated according to the equation (2) in the control step immediately before the time when V s ⁇ V sth is determined.
  • the second calculation method is as follows. After a V s ⁇ V sth, when a V s ⁇ V sth_r, the switch SW is connected to contact C. This time point (time tvafter in FIG. 3) is assumed to be the first control step after the system voltage V s rises to a voltage equal to or higher than the voltage recovery threshold value V sth_r , and is a time point when it is determined that the voltage drop has recovered. Is.
  • ⁇ v is calculated according to the following equations (4) and (5). After the voltage drop is recovered, ⁇ v can be determined based on the following equations (4) and (5).
  • ⁇ v ⁇ vapor ... (4)
  • FIG. 3 shows a system voltage drop due to the system accident 50.
  • t vbefore is the time when the system voltage drops due to the system accident 50 (also referred to as the first time t 1 ).
  • t Vafter is the time (referred to as a second time t 2) corresponding to the first control step in which the system voltage drop is determined that recovered.
  • tvreturn is the time when the system voltage starts to rise from a drop.
  • ⁇ vafter is a pseudo internal phase angle at the time t vafter at which it is determined that the system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 has recovered.
  • ⁇ vbefore is a value taken by the pseudo internal phase angle at the time t vbefore when the system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 occurs.
  • ⁇ vafter is a pseudo-angular velocity at time tvafter at which it is determined that the system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 has recovered.
  • ⁇ vbefore is a pseudo-angular velocity at time t vbefore when the system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 occurs.
  • First term on the right side of the above equation (5) is a value based on the integral of the pseudo angular speed omega v in the first time t 1 to the system voltage drop occurs.
  • the second term on the right side of the above equation (5) sets the period (t 1- t 2 ) from the first time t 1 to the second time t 2 with respect to the mean value ( ⁇ vafter + ⁇ vbefore ) / 2. It is multiplied.
  • the average value ( ⁇ vafter + ⁇ vbefore ) / 2 is the arithmetic mean value of the pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v from the first time t 1 to the second time t 2 . Multiplying the period (t 1- t 2 ) is equivalent to performing an integral over time.
  • the voltage is remarkably lowered and the pseudo-angular velocity ⁇ v is not obtained in the blank period. Even if there is, the control using the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v can be continued.
  • the switch SW is returned to the contact A triggered by the recovery of the interconnection point voltage above a certain level, and the calculation formula of ⁇ v is set to the formula (2) again.
  • tvreturn is the time when the system voltage changes from decreasing to increasing.
  • tvafter is the time when the plant control device 10 actually detects the voltage recovery after tvreturn and reflects it in the control.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the time difference between t vretturn and t vafter , this time difference is actually extremely small.
  • the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v may be reset after a predetermined reset time has elapsed.
  • the reset time may be, for example, 30 seconds. This provides the ability to remove the offset.
  • the offset removal function may be stopped (locked) until a predetermined lock time elapses.
  • the lock time may be, for example, 5 minutes.
  • the plant control device 10 since the plant control device 10 includes the high-speed frequency droop block 10a, high-speed processing is possible, so that the power conversion device has a high response speed so as to suppress undesired acceleration.
  • the active power output of 9 can be reduced. Even when there is a possibility that the synchronous generator 3a may accelerate unfavorably due to a system voltage drop due to the system accident 50 according to FIGS. 1 and 3, it is possible to suppress undesired acceleration such as one-wave acceleration step-out. it can.
  • the response speed of the mechanical speed governor (governor 3c) of the synchronous generator 3a is too slow to accelerate this acceleration. It may not be suppressed. As a result, the governor 3c may not be able to suppress the one-wave acceleration detuning.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a operating on the plant control device 10 can perform a high-speed response. As a result, one-wave acceleration detuning can be effectively suppressed.
  • the general governor time constant of the synchronous generator 3a is very large, about 1 second or more, and it has the effect of suppressing the accelerated step-out of the synchronous generator 3a in the event of a large-scale accident in the system. Low.
  • the plant control device 10 is equipped with the high-speed frequency droop block 10a, a high-speed control response of 50 milliseconds or less can be realized by control processing including electronic control as an example. If the output of a nearby power source is suppressed while the synchronous generator 3a is accelerating, the acceleration of the synchronous generator 3a will also be moderate.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a can switch the calculation method (equations (2) to (5)) depending on the presence or absence of the system voltage decrease, the system instability due to the system voltage decrease.
  • the risk of conversion can be suppressed.
  • the gain K and the time constant T of the first-order lag element calculation block 10a3 can be set so as to sufficiently enhance the acceleration step-out prevention effect.
  • the rotation speed of the synchronous generator 3a by the high-speed governor control of the renewable energy power plant can be effectively stabilized.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a controls the output of the power converter 9 by using ⁇ v and ⁇ v as input parameters to prevent one-wave acceleration detuning of the synchronous generator 3a due to a system accident or the like. Contribute to. It is possible to prevent one-wave acceleration detuning of the synchronous generator 3a in the event of a system accident without destabilizing the system during steady state.
  • the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v is calculated according to the above equation (2). Further, according to the embodiment, when a system voltage drop (see the system accident 50 in FIG. 3) occurs in which the system voltage V s falls below a predetermined voltage drop threshold V sth , the system voltage drop is recovered. The pseudo internal phase angle is calculated based on the equation (5). As a result, the pseudo internal phase angle ⁇ v can be calculated both during normal operation and when a voltage drop occurs.
  • FIG. 4 to 6 are graphs for explaining the effect of the renewable energy power generation plant system 4 according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows the internal phase angle of the synchronous generator 3a.
  • FIG. 5 shows the rotation speed of the synchronous generator 3a.
  • FIG. 6 shows the output power of the power conversion device 9 (that is, the PV inverter) connected to the DC power supply 11.
  • the solid line graph is the data obtained in the embodiment, and the broken line graph is the comparative example data.
  • the comparative example data of the broken line corresponds to the data in the case where the high-speed frequency droop block 10a of the embodiment is not provided.
  • the broken line X1 in FIG. 5 exemplifies one-wave acceleration detuning.
  • the high-speed frequency droop block 10a temporarily lowers the active power output upper limit value Pref_limit , thereby locally lowering the output power of the power conversion device 9 as indicated by the arrow X2 in FIG. Can be made to.
  • the operation of the synchronous generator 3a can be stabilized.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de centrale électrique à énergie renouvelable qui est connecté à un générateur synchrone avec une ligne de bus interposée. Le système de centrale électrique à énergie renouvelable comprend : un dispositif de génération d'énergie renouvelable ; un dispositif de conversion d'énergie qui convertit l'énergie en courant continu générée par le dispositif de génération d'énergie à énergie renouvelable en courant alternatif ; et un dispositif de commande de centrale qui commande le dispositif de conversion d'énergie sur la base de la tension de système d'alimentation et du courant de système d'alimentation d'un point d'interconnexion de système d'alimentation au niveau du côté de sortie du dispositif de conversion d'énergie. Le dispositif de commande de centrale comprend un bloc de chute de fréquence qui calcule la limite supérieure de sortie de puissance active du dispositif de conversion d'énergie. Le bloc de chute de fréquence calcule la pseudo-vitesse angulaire et l'angle de phase pseudo-interne. Lorsque la valeur absolue de l'angle de phase pseudo-interne est un angle de phase de référence prédéterminé ou plus grand, le bloc de chute de fréquence calcule la limite supérieure de sortie de puissance active de telle sorte que la limite supérieure de sortie de puissance active est diminuée si la vitesse pseudo-angulaire a augmenté.
PCT/JP2019/030587 2019-08-02 2019-08-02 Système de centrale électrique à énergie renouvelable et dispositif de commande de centrale WO2021024322A1 (fr)

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JP2021538542A JP7226560B2 (ja) 2019-08-02 2019-08-02 再生可能エネルギー発電プラントシステムおよびプラント制御装置

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CN115377992A (zh) * 2022-06-27 2022-11-22 国网浙江省电力有限公司丽水供电公司 适用于宽范围灵活制氢的功率变流器故障穿越控制方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115377992A (zh) * 2022-06-27 2022-11-22 国网浙江省电力有限公司丽水供电公司 适用于宽范围灵活制氢的功率变流器故障穿越控制方法
CN115377992B (zh) * 2022-06-27 2024-04-09 国网浙江省电力有限公司丽水供电公司 适用于宽范围灵活制氢的功率变流器故障穿越控制方法

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