WO2021022837A1 - 一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021022837A1
WO2021022837A1 PCT/CN2020/086548 CN2020086548W WO2021022837A1 WO 2021022837 A1 WO2021022837 A1 WO 2021022837A1 CN 2020086548 W CN2020086548 W CN 2020086548W WO 2021022837 A1 WO2021022837 A1 WO 2021022837A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
transmitting
relative position
receiving
power
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PCT/CN2020/086548
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴宝善
吴东昊
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2019/045471 external-priority patent/WO2020101767A1/en
Priority claimed from CN201911424812.8A external-priority patent/CN111030318B/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2020/081503 external-priority patent/WO2021022817A1/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20850339.1A priority Critical patent/EP3955419B1/en
Priority to CN202080005716.4A priority patent/CN113039700B/zh
Publication of WO2021022837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021022837A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of wireless charging technology, and in particular to a wireless charging device, a method and system for position detection.
  • wireless charging methods For example, mobile phones can use wireless charging methods to charge the batteries in the mobile phones.
  • the principle of wireless charging technology is to transmit electric energy through the magnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil at the transmitting end and the receiving coil at the receiving end.
  • the transmitter refers to the wireless charger
  • the receiver refers to the mobile phone.
  • the transmitting coil is located at the transmitting end
  • the receiving coil is located inside the mobile phone.
  • FOD Foreign Object Detection
  • the current foreign object detection technology does not consider the influence of the relative position of the transmitter and the receiver, and currently does not provide a method to accurately obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the present application provides a wireless charging device, a method and system for position detection, which can accurately detect the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end of wireless charging.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging device that includes a transmitter or a receiver; the transmitter includes a transmitter resonance network and an inverter circuit, the transmitter resonance network includes a transmitter coil; the receiver includes a receiver resonance
  • the receiving end resonant network includes a receiving coil; the receiving end also includes an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitting coil; the device also includes: a controller; To obtain the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters; at least one parameter includes: one or two of the coupling coefficient and the coil mutual inductance; wherein the coupling coefficient and the coil mutual inductance Both refer to between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the following parameters included in the wireless charging device all change in a single change with the relative position of the transmitter and receiver.
  • the following parameters include: the self-inductance of the transmitter coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil. Then, according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance, the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end can be accurately obtained.
  • the controller is specifically configured to directly obtain the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one parameter.
  • the controller can obtain in advance the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the three-dimensional correspondence between the three relative positions.
  • the controller After the controller obtains the self-inductance and coupling coefficient of the transmitting coil, it can determine the relative position of the self-inductance and coupling coefficient of the transmitting coil; based on similar principles, the controller can also use the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, and The coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil determines the relative position. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • the relative position includes a horizontal relative position and a vertical relative position; the controller is specifically configured to obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; and obtain the horizontal relative position according to at least one parameter.
  • the self-sensing effect of the vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil is greater, while the influence of the horizontal relative position change is less. Therefore, the controller can obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combined with the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, the coil between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil
  • the mutual inductance has a single change relationship with the horizontal relative position.
  • the controller can separately obtain in advance the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the corresponding relationship between the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the horizontal relative position.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, or the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the controller is configured to obtain the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, obtain the power loss of the transmitting terminal according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging, and according to the input power and The power loss of the transmitting end obtains the transmitting power, and the foreign object loss is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving end.
  • the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the AC impedance of the receiving coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, obtain the power loss of the receiving end according to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during the charging process, and according to the power loss of the receiving end And the output power of the receiving end to obtain the receiving power of the receiving end.
  • the controller obtains the power loss of the transmitter according to the AC impedance of the transmitter coil and the current of the transmitter coil during the charging process. Because the AC impedance of the transmitter coil is obtained according to the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver, instead of directly connecting the coil of the transmitter The resistance is used as the AC impedance of the transmitter, which reduces the error of the controller to obtain the AC impedance of the transmitter, thereby reducing the error of the power loss of the transmitter, and further reducing the error of the transmitter power; at the same time, the controller according to the horizontal relative position and vertical relative position Obtain the AC impedance of the receiving coil, obtain the power loss of the receiving end according to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during charging, and obtain the receiving power of the receiving end according to the power loss of the receiving end and the output power of the receiving end, which further reduces the error of the received power . The controller obtains the foreign body loss according to the lower error transmitting power and the lower error receiving power, and the error of the foreign body loss will be
  • the controller is also used to obtain the Q value of the transmitting terminal.
  • the Q value of the transmitting terminal is less than the minimum Q threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal; the minimum Q threshold is used to transmit when there is no foreign object within the charging freedom range.
  • the Q value of the end is obtained.
  • the controller obtains the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver
  • metal foreign objects may affect the accuracy of the controller to obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver, especially when the metal foreign object is located in the center of the transmitter. . Therefore, before the controller determines the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the Q value of the transmitting end can be obtained first to determine whether there is a distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end that is closer or larger to the center of the transmitting end. Metal foreign body. Specifically, the minimum Q threshold can be obtained in advance. If the obtained Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is less than the minimum Q threshold, it can be directly determined that there is a metal foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, which improves the efficiency of foreign object detection.
  • the controller is also used to obtain the Q value of the transmitting terminal, and obtain the corresponding Q value threshold according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position.
  • the Q value of the transmitting terminal is less than or equal to the Q value threshold, determine the difference between the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal. There is a foreign body between.
  • the controller is also used to obtain the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position when the Q value of the transmitting terminal is greater than the Q value threshold, and according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging Obtain the power loss of the transmitting end, obtain the transmitting power according to the input power of the transmitting end and the power loss of the transmitting end, obtain the power difference between the transmitting power and the receiving power according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving end, and perform power consumption calibration according to the power difference.
  • the calibrated power consumption obtains the foreign body loss. When the foreign body loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign body between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the controller uses the Q value of the transmitting end obtained when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting end and the receiving end as the Q value threshold in the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. That is, different relative positions correspond to different Q thresholds.
  • the controller obtains the Q value threshold at the relative position according to the relative position, and compares the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 with the Q threshold at the relative position, which improves the accuracy of foreign object detection; the Q value method does not detect In the case of foreign objects, the controller obtains the AC impedance of the transmitting end at the relative position according to the relative position, instead of the coil impedance of the transmitting end.
  • Different relative positions correspond to different AC impedances of the transmitting end.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting end with a smaller error is used to improve the accuracy of obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end, and the error of the obtained foreign object loss is smaller, and the accuracy of foreign object detection is further improved.
  • the wireless charging device further includes: a driving device; a controller, which is also used for controlling the driving device to drive the transmitting coil to move according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position, so that the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the receiving end are aligned.
  • the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position after the positioning obtain the Q value post-alignment threshold.
  • the Q value of the transmitting end is less than or equal to the Q value post-alignment threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the controller is also used for controlling the driving device to drive the transmitting coil to move according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position, so that the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the receiving end are aligned, using the aligned horizontal relative position and vertical relative position.
  • the position obtains the aligned AC impedance of the transmitting coil
  • the power loss of the transmitting terminal is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging
  • the transmitting power is obtained according to the input power of the transmitting terminal and the power loss of the transmitting terminal.
  • the power and the receiving power of the receiving end obtain the foreign object loss. When the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the influence of the deviation of the AC impedance on the detection of foreign objects is reduced, and the accuracy of the controller to determine whether there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end is further improved.
  • the controller After the controller obtains the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver, it can control the driving device to drive the transmitter coil to move according to the relative position, so that the centers of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned. Therefore, there is no need to set a Q value threshold corresponding to the relative position, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to each relative position.
  • the controller can perform foreign object detection based on a unified Q threshold, AC impedance of the receiving coil and AC impedance of the transmitting coil. Improve the ability and efficiency of foreign body detection.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the coupling coefficient in at least one parameter according to the current of the transmitting coil, the DC transmission voltage of the auxiliary coil, and the operating frequency, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the self-inductance of the auxiliary coil, wherein the coupling The coefficient is positively related to the horizontal relative position.
  • the horizontal relative position can be obtained by the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the coil mutual inductance in at least one parameter according to the corresponding transmitting coil current when the receiving end is in the no-load state, the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil, and the operating frequency, wherein the coil mutual inductance is relative to the level The location is positively correlated.
  • the horizontal relative position can be obtained by the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the controller is also used to obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonance frequency of the transmitting end resonance network and the resonance capacitance of the transmitting end resonance network.
  • the self-sensing effect of the vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil is greater, while the influence of the horizontal relative position change is less. Furthermore, after obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil through the resonance frequency and the resonance capacitance, the vertical relative position can be obtained.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for position detection, which is applied to the transmitting end or the receiving end of a wireless charging device;
  • the transmitting end includes a transmitting end resonant network and an inverter circuit, and the transmitting end resonant network includes a transmitting coil;
  • receiving The end includes a receiving end resonant network and a rectifier circuit;
  • the receiving end resonant network includes a receiving coil;
  • the receiving end also includes: an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitting coil;
  • the method includes: according to the transmitting coil Self-inductance and at least one of the following parameters to obtain the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end; one or two of the coupling coefficient and the mutual inductance of the coil; wherein the coupling coefficient and the mutual inductance of the coil refer to the difference between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil .
  • the following parameters included in the wireless charging device all change in a single change with the relative position of the transmitter and receiver.
  • the following parameters include: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving end.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving end. Then, according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance, the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end can be accurately obtained.
  • obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters includes: obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end directly through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one parameter. The relative position between.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitter coil Due to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil before charging will be affected by the relative position between the transmitter and receiver. Therefore, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the correlation between the relative positions can be obtained in advance. Combining the relationship, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is obtained.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil can be determined; based on similar principles , The relative position can also be determined by the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • the relative position includes a horizontal relative position and a vertical relative position; obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters includes: obtaining the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil Position; obtain the horizontal relative position according to at least one parameter.
  • the self-sensing effect of the vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil is greater, while the influence of the horizontal relative position change is less. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil are both There is a single change relationship with the horizontal relative position.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging can be obtained in advance, or the corresponding relationship between the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the horizontal relative position respectively.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, or the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process, and obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end according to the input power and The power loss of the transmitting end obtains the transmitting power, and the foreign object loss is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving end.
  • the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the AC impedance of the receiving coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, obtaining the power loss of the receiving end according to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during the charging process, and obtaining the power loss of the receiving end according to the power loss and The output power of the receiving end obtains the receiving power of the receiving end.
  • the power loss of the transmitter is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitter coil and the current of the transmitter coil during the charging process. Because the AC impedance of the transmitter coil is obtained according to the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver, instead of directly taking the coil resistance of the transmitter as The AC impedance of the transmitting terminal reduces the error of obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal, thereby reducing the error of the power loss of the transmitting terminal, and further reducing the error of the transmitting power; at the same time, the AC impedance of the receiving coil is obtained according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position According to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during the charging process, the power loss of the receiving end is obtained, and the receiving power of the receiving end is obtained according to the power loss of the receiving end and the output power of the receiving end, which further reduces the error of the received power.
  • the foreign body loss is obtained according to the lower error transmitting power and the lower error receiving power, and the error of the foreign body loss will be
  • the method further includes: obtaining the Q value of the transmitting end; when the Q value of the transmitting end is less than the minimum Q threshold, determining that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end; wherein the minimum Q threshold is based on when there is no foreign object within the charging freedom range The Q value of the transmitter is obtained.
  • the Q value of the transmitting end can be obtained first to determine whether there is a metal foreign object close to the center of the transmitting end or larger between the transmitting end and the receiving end. .
  • the minimum Q threshold can be obtained in advance. If the obtained Q value of the transmitting end is less than the minimum Q threshold, it can be directly determined that there is a metal foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end, which improves the efficiency of foreign object detection.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the Q value of the transmitting end; obtaining the corresponding Q value threshold according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, and when the Q value of the transmitting end is less than or equal to the Q value threshold, determining the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end There is a foreign body.
  • the method further includes: when the Q value of the transmitting end is greater than the Q value threshold, obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, and obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process
  • the power loss of the transmitting end, the transmitting power is obtained according to the input power of the transmitting end and the power loss of the transmitting end, the power difference between the transmitting power and the receiving power is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving end, and the power consumption is calibrated according to the power difference.
  • the subsequent power consumption obtains the foreign body loss. When the foreign body loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign body between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the Q value of the transmitting end obtained when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting end and the receiving end is used as the Q value threshold in the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. That is, different relative positions correspond to different Q thresholds. According to the relative position, the Q value threshold at the relative position is obtained, and the Q value of the transmitter is compared with the Q threshold at the relative position, which improves the accuracy of foreign object detection; when the foreign object is not detected by the Q value method, according to The relative position obtains the AC impedance of the transmitter at the relative position, not the coil impedance of the transmitter. Different relative positions correspond to different AC impedances of the transmitting end. The AC impedance of the transmitting end with a smaller error is used to improve the accuracy of obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end, and the error of the obtained foreign object loss is smaller, and the accuracy of foreign object detection is further improved.
  • the method further includes: aligning the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the receiving end according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position, and using the aligned horizontal and vertical relative positions to obtain the Q value after the alignment threshold, when When the Q value of the transmitting end is less than or equal to the threshold after Q value alignment, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the method further includes: aligning the transmitting coil with the receiving coil of the receiving end according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position, and using the aligned horizontal and vertical relative positions to obtain the aligned AC impedance of the transmitting coil , According to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process, the power loss of the transmitting end is obtained, the transmitting power is obtained according to the input power of the transmitting end and the power loss of the transmitting end, and the foreign matter loss is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving end. When the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the influence of the small error caused by the AC impedance after the alignment in the alignment process on the foreign body detection is avoided, and the accuracy of the controller to determine whether there is a foreign body between the transmitting end and the receiving end is further improved.
  • the transmitting coil After obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the transmitting coil can be driven to move according to the relative position, so that the centers of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned. Therefore, there is no need to set a Q value threshold corresponding to the relative position, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to each relative position. Foreign object detection can be performed based on the unified Q threshold, the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil. Improve the ability and efficiency of foreign body detection.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the coupling coefficient in at least one parameter according to the current of the transmitting coil, the DC transmission voltage of the auxiliary coil, and the operating frequency, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the self-inductance of the auxiliary coil, wherein the coupling coefficient Positive correlation with horizontal relative position.
  • the horizontal relative position can be obtained by the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the coil mutual inductance in at least one parameter according to the corresponding transmitting coil current when the receiving end is in the no-load state, the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil, and the operating frequency, wherein the coil mutual inductance and the horizontal relative position Positive correlation.
  • the horizontal relative position can be obtained by the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network.
  • the self-sensing effect of the vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil is greater, while the influence of the horizontal relative position change is less. Furthermore, after obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil through the resonance frequency and the resonance capacitance, the vertical relative position can be obtained.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless charging system, including at least one of the wireless charging devices described above.
  • the system further includes: a receiving terminal; when the wireless charging device includes a receiving terminal; At the end, the system also includes: a transmitter; the receiver also includes: an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitter coil; the transmitter is used to wirelessly charge the receiver.
  • the wireless charging system can accurately detect the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the wireless charging.
  • the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages: the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by the horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the controller can obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combined with the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, the coil between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil The mutual inductance has a single change relationship with the horizontal relative position.
  • the controller can separately obtain the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the corresponding relationship between the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the horizontal relative position.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission process
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the change of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil with the relative position
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a Q value detection circuit
  • Figure 4 is a graph of oscillation attenuation of a voltage Vcap
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the change of the Q value of the transmitting end with the relative position
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is an equipotential diagram of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a resonance parameter detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a voltage oscillation curve provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the receiving coil and the auxiliary coil as a function of the horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary coil provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of yet another coupling coefficient detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is an equipotential diagram of the change of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil with the relative position according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 14 is an equipotential diagram of the Q value of the transmitting end changing with the relative position when there is no foreign matter according to an embodiment of the application;
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is an equipotential diagram of the variation of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil with the relative position according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 17 is an equipotential diagram of the change of the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil with the relative position according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a coupling coefficient detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 19 is a graph of the change curve of the current of the transmitting coil with the horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph of the efficiency of a wireless charging system as a function of horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 21 is a graph of changes in the DC output voltage of the receiving end with the relative horizontal position according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of another method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 24 is a flowchart of yet another method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 25 is a flowchart of a foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart of another foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart of another foreign body detection method provided by an application embodiment
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart of yet another foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the transmitting end is generally a wireless charging device, such as a wireless charger, and the receiving end may be located in the electronic device.
  • the electronic device may be any device that supports wireless charging, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a wearable device.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the wireless charging device and the electronic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission process.
  • the transmitter 101 is used to emit magnetic field energy.
  • the receiving terminal 102 is used to receive the magnetic field energy emitted by the transmitting terminal 101.
  • the transmitting terminal 101 may be located in a wireless charging device; the receiving terminal 102 may be located in an electronic device. After the wireless charging device converts the input electric energy into magnetic field energy, the wireless charging device emits magnetic field energy through the transmitting terminal 101; when the electronic device is located near the wireless charging device, the electronic device receives the magnetic field energy from the wireless charging device through the receiving terminal 102, and The magnetic field energy is converted into electrical energy to charge electronic devices. Thus, the wireless transmission of electric energy from the wireless charging device to the electronic device is realized.
  • the wireless power transmission is through the magnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, thereby wirelessly transmitting electric energy from the transmitting terminal 101 to the receiving terminal 102.
  • there may be foreign objects between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 such as a metal foreign body.
  • the changing magnetic field generated between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil causes eddy current loss and heat generation in the metal foreign body.
  • the wireless charging power between wireless charging devices and electronic devices has gradually increased, and the eddy current loss and heat generated by metal foreign bodies have also increased proportionally. At this time, not only a large amount of energy loss is caused, but also a large amount of heat generated in the metal foreign body will bring safety hazards, such as fire.
  • FOD Foreign Object Detection
  • Methods for detecting foreign objects usually include a power loss method (Ploss, Power loss method) and a Q value method.
  • the power loss method and the Q value method are specifically introduced below.
  • the power loss method is a method for foreign object detection defined in the Qi protocol by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC).
  • Power loss is the power difference between transmitting power and receiving power, which can be calculated by the following formula:
  • P loss is the power loss
  • P tx is the transmission power
  • the transmission power is the magnetic field energy emitted by the transmitting terminal 101
  • P rx is the receiving power
  • the receiving power is the magnetic field energy received by the receiving terminal 102 of the electronic device.
  • the transmit power P tx can be calculated by the following formula:
  • P in is the input power of the transmitter 101
  • P tx loss of transmitter 101 power loss including loss and loss of transmit coil 101 of the transmitter circuit.
  • the received power P rx can be calculated by the following formula:
  • P out is the output power of the receiving end 102
  • P rx loss is the power loss of the receiving end 102, including the circuit loss of the receiving end 102 and the loss of the receiving coil.
  • the wireless charging device can detect the power loss at the current moment regularly or every preset period. When the power loss is greater than the power threshold and the preset time exceeds the time threshold, it is determined that the wireless charging device and the electronic device There are metal foreign objects, and the current power transmission is stopped, so as to avoid the safety hazards caused by the large amount of heat generated by the magnetic field energy on the metal foreign objects.
  • the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 needs to be obtained indirectly using the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 within the wireless charging space; the power loss of the receiving terminal 102 needs to be obtained indirectly using the coil resistance of the receiving terminal 102 within the wireless charging space.
  • the values of the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 and the coil resistance of the receiving terminal 102 vary with the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. That is, when the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are in different relative positions, the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 and the coil resistance of the receiving terminal 102 have different values. It can be seen that the linear fitting method divided according to the power level will cause a large error in the calculated power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 and the power loss of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the following takes the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 as an example for specific description.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the change of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil with the relative position.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the AC impedance of the transmitting coil (unit: millimeter).
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting coil changes with the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • Curve A, curve B and curve C in the figure are the change curve of the AC impedance of the transmitter coil with the horizontal relative position when the vertical relative position is 3.6mm, 4.6mm and 5.6mm, respectively.
  • the maximum error of the AC impedance of the transmitter coil can reach ⁇ 30m ⁇ .
  • the wireless charging device wirelessly charges the electronic device, the current of the transmitter coil will be greater than 5A.
  • the calculation error can reach 750mW.
  • the maximum power loss on metal foreign objects is only 900mW. Therefore, when the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position are relatively large, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of foreign object detection, and it is impossible to effectively avoid safety hazards caused by a large amount of heat generated by metal foreign objects.
  • Step 1 Detect the Q value of the transmitter 101.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Q value detection circuit.
  • the Q value detection circuit includes an inductor L coil , a resistor R coil and a capacitor C1. Among them, the Q value is defined as the following formula:
  • f is the resonance frequency of a resonant network composed of an inductor L coil , a resistor R coil and a capacitor C1
  • L coil is an inductor
  • R coil is a resistor
  • the values of the inductance L coil and the resistance R coil will change. According to the definition formula of the Q value, the Q value will also change accordingly.
  • the specific process of obtaining the Q value can be: applying excitation to charge the capacitor C1, then controlling the AC1 terminal and AC2 terminal to ground to release the electric energy stored in the capacitor C1, detecting the voltage Vcap across the capacitor C1, and obtaining the oscillation attenuation waveform of the voltage Vcap Figure.
  • the figure is a graph of the oscillation attenuation of a voltage Vcap.
  • the abscissa is time and the ordinate is voltage.
  • the Q value can be calculated by the following formula:
  • t 1 and v 1 are the coordinates corresponding to any crest point D on the oscillation attenuation curve in the figure
  • t 2 and v 2 are the coordinates corresponding to the crest point E on the oscillation attenuation curve in the figure
  • point D and point E are
  • f 0 is the resonant frequency
  • f 0 can be calculated from the number of zero crossings of the oscillation attenuation curve of the voltage Vcap between point D and point E and the time interval between point D and point E.
  • any two adjacent trough points on the oscillation attenuation curve in the figure can also be used, and f 0 can pass the zero crossing times of the oscillation attenuation curve of the voltage Vcap between any two adjacent trough points and any two The time interval between adjacent trough points is calculated.
  • Step 2 Determine whether the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is greater than the Q value threshold; if yes, perform step 3; if not, perform step 4.
  • Step 3 According to the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101, the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is corrected; based on the corrected power loss of the transmitting terminal 101, the power loss is calculated by the above power loss method; the power loss P loss is determined to be in the preset Whether the time period is greater than the preset threshold; if yes, go to step 5; if not, go to step 4.
  • Step 4 Determine that there is a metal foreign body between the wireless charging device and the electronic device.
  • Step 5 Determine that there is no metal foreign matter between the wireless charging device and the electronic device, and start power transmission.
  • the Q value of the transmitter 101 will also be affected by the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102, that is, When the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are in different relative positions, the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is different.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the Q value of the transmitting end changing with the relative position.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101.
  • Curve F, curve G, and curve H in the figure are respectively the change curve of the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 when the vertical relative position is 3.6mm, corresponding to the following three situations:
  • the distance between the metal foreign body and the center of the transmitting coil is 15mm, and the distance between the metal foreign body and the center of the transmitting coil is 25mm.
  • the dotted line I in the figure is the straight line corresponding to the Q value threshold. It can be seen that when the distance between the metal foreign object and the center of the transmitting coil is 25 mm or more, the Q value of the transmitting end 101 is always higher than the Q value threshold. Therefore, the foreign object cannot be accurately detected by the Q value method.
  • Step 3 the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is corrected. Then, perform step 5 to start power transmission. After entering the power transmission, the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 will not be detected.
  • the eddy current loss caused by the metal foreign body will be regarded as the normal power loss of the transmitting terminal 101. Therefore, when the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position are relatively large, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of foreign object detection, and it is impossible to effectively avoid safety hazards caused by a large amount of heat generated by metal foreign objects.
  • the accuracy requirements for foreign object detection should also be correspondingly improved.
  • the power loss method and the Q value method introduced above are difficult to meet the foreign object detection requirements.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting coil used for the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 and the AC impedance of the receiving coil used for the power loss of the receiving terminal 102 are affected by the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Impact. Therefore, when the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is uncertain, a single parameter such as the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 and the coil resistance of the receiving terminal 102 is used to obtain the power loss, and foreign object detection may occur. Inaccurate results. Furthermore, the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 may have a greater influence on the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil than metal foreign objects.
  • parameters such as the Q value of the transmitter 101 are also affected by the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102. Therefore, when the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is uncertain, using a single Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 for foreign object detection will cause the problem of inaccurate foreign object detection results. Furthermore, the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 may have a greater influence on the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 than the influence of metal foreign objects.
  • the relative position between the wireless charging device and the electronic device is detected in advance, and the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal are reduced.
  • the influence of the relative position between 102 on the parameters involved in the power loss method and the influence of the parameters involved in the Q value method improves the accuracy of foreign body detection.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the wireless charging device includes a transmitting terminal or a receiving terminal 100.
  • the transmitter 101 includes a transmitter resonant network and an inverter circuit, and the transmitter resonant network includes a transmitter coil.
  • the receiving end 102 includes a receiving end resonant network and a rectifier circuit, and the receiving end resonant network includes a receiving coil.
  • the receiving terminal 102 also includes an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitting coil.
  • the device also includes: a controller 200.
  • the controller 200 is further configured to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the auxiliary coil is located at the receiving end 102 of the wireless charging device.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is the spatial offset between the center of the transmitting coil and the center of the receiving coil.
  • the following parameters include: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • the following describes in detail how the wireless charging device in the embodiment of the present application obtains the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device obtains the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end including the following two ways:
  • the first type the controller 200 is used to obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, or according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging Horizontal relative position.
  • the vertical relative position refers to the height difference formed by the center of the transmitting coil and the center of the receiving coil in the vertical direction of space
  • the horizontal relative position refers to the distance difference between the center of the transmitting coil and the center of the receiving coil in the horizontal direction in space.
  • the second type the controller 200 is used to directly obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters:
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil before charging.
  • the following takes the controller 200 to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient before charging as an example for detailed introduction.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the three-dimensional correspondence between the relative positions can be obtained in advance.
  • the controller 200 obtains the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relationship between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil. After the coupling coefficient, the relative position corresponding to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient is obtained from the three-dimensional correspondence.
  • controller 200 obtains the relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging is similar to the above process, and will not be repeated here.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging will be affected by the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 can obtain in advance the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the correlation between the three relative positions. Combining the correlation, after the controller obtains the self-inductance and coupling coefficient of the transmitting coil, it can determine the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position corresponding to the coupling coefficient; based on similar principles, the controller 200 can also use the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coil The mutual inductance determines the relative position. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • controller 200 obtains the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the controller 200 obtains the vertical relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil as follows:
  • FIG. 7 is an equipotential diagram of the change of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil with the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the vertical relative position (unit: millimeter).
  • the curves I1-I4 in the figure are the equipotential lines with the self-inductance of the transmitting coil of 6.8uH, 7.2uH, 7.6uH and 8.0uH respectively.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil changes little with the horizontal relative position, and changes greatly with the vertical relative position. Therefore, the vertical relative position can be obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200. After the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is obtained, the vertical relative position corresponding to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is obtained from the corresponding relationship. Wherein, the controller 200 is also used to obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonance frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network.
  • the following describes how to obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a resonance parameter detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the inverter circuit DC/AC of the transmitting terminal 101 includes a full bridge circuit formed by switch tubes S1-S4.
  • the full bridge circuit includes two bridge arms connected in parallel.
  • the first bridge arm includes S1 and S2 connected in series, where S1 is the upper tube of the first bridge arm, and S2 is the lower tube of the first bridge arm.
  • the second bridge arm includes S3 and S4 connected in series, where S3 is the upper tube of the second bridge arm, and S4 is the lower tube of the second bridge arm.
  • the transmitting end resonance network includes a capacitor C 1 and a transmitting coil L 1 .
  • the controller 200 After determining that the circuit reaches a stable state, the controller 200 turns off S1 and turns on S2. The energy stored in C 1 will be released in the resonant circuit formed by L 1 and C 1 and the loop formed by S2 and S4. By detecting the voltage change between C 1 and L 1 , the voltage oscillation curve can be obtained, and the oscillation curve can be used. Obtain the resonance frequency f 0 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a voltage oscillation curve provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is time (unit: microsecond), and the ordinate is voltage (unit: volt).
  • the specific principle of obtaining the resonant frequency f 0 through the oscillation curve is similar to the process of obtaining the resonant frequency in the above-mentioned Q value method, and will not be repeated here.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is obtained according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network.
  • the self-inductance L 1 of the transmitting coil can be obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • C 1 is a capacitor and is known
  • L 1 is the self-inductance of the transmitting coil
  • f 0 is the resonance frequency
  • the controller 200 After the controller 200 obtains the self-inductance L 1 of the transmitting coil, it can obtain the vertical relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 in combination with the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in FIG. 7.
  • controller 200 obtaining the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging as an example.
  • the process of the controller 200 obtaining the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the variation of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the receiving coil and the auxiliary coil as a function of the horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: mm)
  • the ordinate is the coupling coefficient
  • the curve is measured when the vertical relative position is 4 mm.
  • the curve J1 in the figure is the variation curve of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil
  • J2 is the variation curve of the coupling coefficient between the receiving coil and the auxiliary coil. It can be seen from the figure that the coupling coefficient between the receiving coil and the auxiliary coil changes little with the horizontal relative position; while the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil changes greatly with the horizontal relative position.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil is positively related to the horizontal relative position. The greater the horizontal relative position, the greater the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil. Therefore, the controller 200 can obtain the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 through the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the mutual inductance of the coil and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200. After obtaining the coil mutual inductance, the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position corresponding to the coil mutual inductance from the corresponding relationship.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary coil provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the auxiliary coil is a two-turn auxiliary coil.
  • the magnetic field generated by controlling the current of the receiving coil passes through the magnetic flux in the area covered by the two turns of the auxiliary coil close to zero.
  • the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil is controlled by the current of the transmitting coil and is not affected by receiving The influence of the coil current.
  • the accuracy of the horizontal relative position obtained by the controller 200 is further improved.
  • the process that the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging is similar to the process of obtaining the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging.
  • the device 200 can obtain the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil is positively related to the horizontal relative position. The greater the horizontal relative position, the greater the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil. Therefore, the controller 200 can obtain the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 through the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the controller 200 can also control the current of the transmitter coil to obtain the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil, obtain the coupling between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil according to the DC output voltage, and obtain the horizontal relative position.
  • the current of the transmitting coil is within the preset current interval, the current is regarded as unchanged.
  • controller 200 obtains the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of yet another coupling coefficient detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the coupling coefficient detection circuit includes the transmitting terminal 101 shown in FIG. 8.
  • the receiving terminal 102 includes the self-inductance L 3 of the receiving coil.
  • the controller 200 provides a DC voltage to the input terminal of the full bridge circuit of the transmitter 101, makes the full bridge in an inverter working state, controls the receiver 102 in a no-load state, and obtains the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil and the current of the transmitter coil.
  • the current of the transmitting coil, the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil, the working frequency, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the self-inductance of the auxiliary coil can obtain the coupling coefficient in at least one parameter.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil can be obtained by the following calculation formula Coupling coefficient:
  • V ac3 is the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil
  • I 1 is the current of the transmitting coil
  • is the working frequency and is known
  • L 1 is the self-inductance of the transmitting coil
  • L 3 is the self-inductance of the auxiliary coil
  • is the coefficient and can pass According to the experiment, ⁇ can be obtained by measuring the ratio of the self-inductance L 1 of the current transmitting coil to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil when the transmitting terminal is alone.
  • the controller 200 After obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, the controller 200 obtains the coil mutual inductance in at least one parameter according to the corresponding transmitting coil current when the receiving end is in the no-load state, the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil, and the operating frequency,
  • the coil mutual inductance M 2 between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil can be obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • V ac3 is the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil
  • I 1 is the current of the transmitting coil
  • is the operating frequency and is known.
  • can be measured through experiments. Those skilled in the art can also modify the value of ⁇ in order to further improve the accuracy of detecting the coupling coefficient.
  • the controller 200 determines the horizontal relative position, those skilled in the art can select one or more parameters according to specific practical applications: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the coil mutual inductance.
  • the controller 200 performs mutual verification according to the horizontal relative position determined by each parameter.
  • the controller 200 may perform mutual verification according to the horizontal relative position determined by the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position determined by the coil mutual inductance.
  • the order of obtaining the coupling coefficient and the mutual inductance of the coils is limited, which may be obtained at the same time or sequentially.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end 101 and the receiving end 102 of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by a horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the controller 200 may obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combined with the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller 200, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging is more affected by the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Large, and less affected by the vertical relative position. Therefore, the controller 200 may obtain the corresponding relationship between the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position in advance.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained through the coupling coefficient.
  • the controller 200 can also obtain the horizontal relative position according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously.
  • the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position are combined to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the controller 200 may be a transmitter-end controller or a receiver-end controller.
  • the controller 200 is a transmitter controller
  • the parameters obtained by the receiver can be sent to the transmitter controller by the receiver controller.
  • the DC output voltage of the receiving end obtained by the receiving end can be sent by the receiving end controller to the transmitting end controller.
  • the controller 200 is a receiver controller
  • the parameters obtained by the transmitter can be sent by the transmitter controller to the receiver controller. That is, obtaining the relative position can be done by the transmitting end or the receiving end, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the required AC impedance of the transmitter coil and the AC impedance of the receiver coil, as well as the Q value of the transmitter 101 will be affected by the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102. influences.
  • the relative position deviation between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is relatively large, the influence of the relative position will be greater than the influence of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 on the detection of foreign objects. It may happen that even if there is a foreign object between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102, the wireless charging device cannot detect the foreign object.
  • the wireless charging device After determining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the wireless charging device performs foreign object detection, which can improve the accuracy of foreign object detection.
  • the following are divided into three situations, namely: device embodiment two, device embodiment three, and device embodiment four.
  • the above-mentioned controller 200 may be a transmitter controller or a receiver controller, and foreign object detection may be performed by the transmitter or the receiver, which is not limited in the following embodiments.
  • another wireless charging device is provided in the device embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device is also used to obtain the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, and obtain the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process.
  • the input power of the transmitting terminal 101 and the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 obtain the transmitting power
  • the foreign object loss is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 foreign body.
  • the controller 200 can use the content introduced in the first embodiment of the apparatus of the present application to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, which will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 obtains the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102
  • metal foreign objects may affect the accuracy of the controller 200 in obtaining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, especially When the metal foreign body is located at the center of the emitter 101. Therefore, before the controller 200 determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 can be obtained to determine whether there is a distance between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. A metal foreign body that is close to the center or large. Specifically, the minimum Q threshold can be obtained in advance. If the obtained Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is less than the minimum Q threshold, it can be directly determined that there is a metal foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, which improves the efficiency of foreign object detection.
  • FIG. 13 is an equipotential diagram of the change of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil with the relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: mm), and the ordinate is the vertical relative position (unit: mm).
  • the intersection of the dotted lines in the figure is the known horizontal and vertical relative positions, and the transmitter 101 and The AC impedance of the transmitting coil when there is no foreign matter between the receiving ends 102. It can be seen from the figure that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 will affect the AC impedance of the transmitting coil. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 before the foreign object detection. Then, the controller 200 obtains the AC impedance of the transmitting coil in the relative position according to the relative position. In this way, the controller 200 obtains the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 according to the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process and the obtained AC impedance of the transmitting coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200. Combining the pre-obtained correspondence relationship, after the controller 200 obtains the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the relative position is obtained from the correspondence relationship.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 also affects the AC impedance of the receiving coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the AC impedance of the receiving coil can be obtained in advance. Specifically, it can be obtained through experiments, and the formation data is stored in the controller 200. Combining the pre-obtained correspondence relationship, after the controller 200 obtains the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the AC impedance of the receiving coil corresponding to the relative position is obtained from the correspondence relationship.
  • the process of the controller 200 to obtain the foreign matter loss is similar to the process of obtaining the power loss in the above-mentioned power loss method.
  • the transmitting power of the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving power of the receiving terminal 102 are obtained, and then the foreign matter is obtained according to the difference between the transmitting power and the receiving power. loss.
  • the difference lies in the process of obtaining transmit power and receive power.
  • the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is determined by the input power of the transmitting terminal 101 and the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101, and the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is determined by using the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 in the wireless charging space range and During the charging process, the current of the transmitting coil is determined, but the error of the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 is relatively large.
  • the linear fitting method divided according to the power level will cause the calculated power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 to have a relatively large error.
  • the controller 200 first obtains the AC impedance of the receiving coil corresponding to the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and then passes the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil during the charging process.
  • the current gains the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101. Since the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is obtained by the controller 200 through the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the error of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is small, and the controller 200 obtains the error of the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101. Relatively reduced, therefore, the error of the obtained transmission power can be reduced.
  • the power loss of the receiving end 102 is determined by using the coil resistance of the receiving end 102 within the wireless charging space and The current of the receiving coil is determined during the charging process. However, there will be errors in the coil resistance of the receiving end 102.
  • the controller 200 can obtain the corresponding relationship between the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the AC impedance of the receiving coil to obtain a smaller error
  • the AC impedance of the receiving coil is used to calculate the power loss of the receiving terminal 102 by using the AC impedance of the receiving coil with a smaller error and the current of the receiving coil during the charging process.
  • the error of the calculated received power will be smaller, and the error of the foreign body loss will be obtained. It will also be smaller, thereby increasing the accuracy of the foreign body loss obtained.
  • the controller 200 may directly use the coil resistance of the receiving terminal 102 as the AC impedance of the receiving coil, which simplifies the process of obtaining the received power, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the received power.
  • the controller 200 After the controller 200 obtains the transmitting power and the receiving power, the foreign object loss is obtained according to the transmitting power and the receiving power. When the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is confirmed that there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 obtains the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process, because the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is based on the relative relationship between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Instead of directly using the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 as the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal 101, it reduces the error of the controller 200 obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal 101, thereby reducing the error of the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101.
  • the error of the transmission power is reduced; at the same time, the controller 200 obtains the AC impedance of the receiving coil according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, and obtains the power loss of the receiving terminal 102 according to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during the charging process.
  • the received power of the receiving end 102 is obtained according to the power loss of the receiving end 102 and the output power of the receiving end 102, which further reduces the error of the received power.
  • the controller 200 obtains the foreign object loss according to the transmission power with lower error and the received power with lower error, and the error of the foreign object loss will be lower, which further improves the accuracy of foreign object detection.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device is also used to obtain the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101, and obtain the corresponding Q value threshold according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. When the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is less than or equal to the Q value threshold, determine There is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the process of the controller 200 obtaining the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is similar to the process of obtaining the Q value in the above Q value method, and will not be repeated here.
  • the following describes in detail the process of the controller 200 for obtaining the corresponding Q value threshold according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position.
  • FIG. 14 is an equipotential diagram of the Q value of the transmitting end changing with the relative position when there is no foreign matter according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: mm), and the ordinate is the vertical relative position (unit: mm).
  • the intersection of the dotted lines in the figure is the known horizontal and vertical relative positions, and the transmitter 101 and The Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 when there is no foreign matter between the receiving terminals 102. It can be seen from the figure that when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the Q values of the transmitting terminal 101 corresponding to different relative positions are different. Therefore, it is possible to detect the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 at the current relative position when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and use the Q value as the corresponding Q value threshold at the current relative position. In order to further improve the accuracy of the set Q value threshold and reduce the detection error, the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 after detection can also be corrected, and the corrected Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is used as the Q value threshold.
  • the corresponding relationship between the relative position of the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the Q value threshold can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200. Combining the pre-obtained correspondence relationship, after the controller 200 obtains the relative position, it obtains the Q value threshold corresponding to the relative position from the correspondence relationship.
  • the controller 200 After the controller 200 obtains the Q value threshold at the current relative position, if the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is less than or equal to the Q value threshold, it can be determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. It is precisely because of the foreign matter that the turbine loss caused by the foreign matter causes the Q value of the transmitting end 101 to decrease.
  • the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is greater than the Q value threshold, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is obtained according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position, and the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging.
  • the transmitting power is obtained.
  • the transmitting power and the receiving frequency of the receiving terminal 102 the power difference between the transmitting power and the receiving power is obtained, and the power consumption calibration is performed according to the power difference. Use the power consumption after calibration to obtain the foreign body loss.
  • the process for the controller 200 to obtain the foreign matter loss is similar to the process introduced in the second embodiment of the device of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference between the controller 200 obtaining the foreign object loss in the third embodiment of the device of the present application and the second embodiment of the present application is that the power difference between the transmit power and the received power is used for power consumption calibration, and the calibrated power consumption is used to obtain the foreign object loss. .
  • the power consumption calibration according to the power difference is a relatively mature technology, and the process of power consumption calibration will not be described in detail here.
  • the controller 200 After the controller 200 obtains the foreign body loss, if the foreign body loss is greater than the power threshold, it can determine that there is a foreign body between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102. It is precisely because of the presence of the foreign body that the foreign body generates turbine loss and causes high foreign body loss. Is greater than the normal value, and then greater than the power threshold.
  • the situation where the obtained Q values of the transmitting terminal 101 are all compared with the same Q value threshold is avoided.
  • the controller 200 uses the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 obtained when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 as the Q value threshold in the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. That is, different relative positions correspond to different Q thresholds.
  • the controller 200 obtains the Q value threshold value at the relative position according to the relative position, and compares the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 with the Q value threshold value at the relative position, which improves the accuracy of foreign object detection; it is not detected by the Q value method
  • the controller 200 obtains the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal 101 at the relative position according to the relative position, instead of the coil impedance of the transmitting terminal 101.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal 101 corresponding to different relative positions is different.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting terminal 101 with a smaller error is used to improve the accuracy of obtaining the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101, and the error of the obtained foreign body loss is smaller, and the error is further improved. Accuracy of foreign body detection.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the wireless charging device also includes a driving device 300.
  • the controller 200 is also used to control the driving device 300 to drive the transmitting coil to move according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position before determining the presence of foreign objects at the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, so that the transmitting coil is aligned with the receiving coil of the receiving terminal 102 .
  • the following describes in detail the process of the controller 200 controlling the driving device 300 to drive the transmitter coil and the receiver coil to align.
  • the controller 200 can send an instruction to the driving device 300 to control the driving device 300 to drive the transmitter coil to move according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position to reduce The deviation of the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil makes the transmitting coil and the receiving coil as centered as possible.
  • the controller 200 controls the driving device 300 to align the centers of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, and then performs foreign object detection by the Q value method or the power loss method.
  • the controller 200 can also obtain the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 according to the horizontal relative position and vertical position after alignment.
  • the direct relative position obtains the Q value post-alignment threshold, and compares the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 with the Q-value post-alignment threshold. Furthermore, the influence of the small error generated in the alignment process on the foreign object detection is avoided, and the accuracy of the controller 200 in determining whether there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is further improved.
  • the second method is described below.
  • the controller 200 can also directly compare the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 with the uniformly calibrated Q value after the alignment threshold, without the need to determine the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the Q value after the alignment threshold According to the corresponding relationship, the Q value corresponding to the relative position is obtained from the corresponding relationship, and then the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 is compared with the Q value corresponding to the relative position.
  • the process of obtaining the threshold after the Q value alignment is simplified, the judgment step of the Q value method is simplified, and the efficiency of the controller 200 in determining whether there is a foreign object between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 is further improved.
  • the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned, there are two ways to detect foreign objects through the power loss method. The first one is described below.
  • the controller 200 can also obtain the aligned transmitter according to the aligned horizontal and vertical relative positions.
  • the AC impedance of the coil obtains the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 based on the AC impedance of the aligned transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil, thereby avoiding the influence of the small error generated in the alignment process on the foreign object detection, and further The accuracy of the controller 200 in determining whether there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is improved.
  • the second is introduced below.
  • the controller 200 obtains the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101, it can also directly use the coil resistance of the transmitting terminal 101 as the AC impedance of the transmitting coil directly, without having to determine the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 and the transmitting coil According to the corresponding relationship of AC impedance, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the current relative position is obtained from the corresponding relationship, and the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil.
  • the process of obtaining the power loss of the transmitting terminal 101 is simplified, thereby simplifying the judgment process of the power loss method, and further improving the efficiency of the controller 200 in determining whether there is a foreign object between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the process when the controller 200 obtains the power loss of the receiving end 102 is similar to the above-mentioned process when the controller 200 obtains the power loss of the transmitting end 101, which will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 after the controller 200 obtains the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102, it can control the driving device 300 to drive the transmitter coil to move according to the relative position, so that the centers of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned. . Therefore, there is no need to set a Q value threshold corresponding to the relative position, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to each relative position.
  • the controller 200 can perform foreign object detection based on the unified Q threshold, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil. Improve the ability and efficiency of foreign body detection.
  • the controller 200 performs foreign object detection based on parameters such as the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position.
  • the error is relatively large, and it may happen that the controller 200 falsely reports a foreign object or there is a foreign object but cannot be detected.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time.
  • the controller 200 After the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 changes, and the controller 200 performs foreign object detection errors based on the original position of the transmitter coil's AC impedance and the receiver coil's AC impedance and other parameters If it is larger, the controller 200 may falsely report a foreign object or there is a foreign object but cannot be detected.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time.
  • controller 200 determines that the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 can record the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the self-inductance of the receiving coil, the coupling coefficient k between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance M 2 before charging to obtain the DC output voltage V ac3 of the auxiliary coil of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 calculates the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil of the receiving terminal 102 through the parameters recorded before charging every preset period or in real time.
  • the controller 200 detects the DC output voltage of the auxiliary coil of the receiving terminal 102 every preset period or in real time, and when the calculated DC voltage is inconsistent with the detected DC output voltage, it determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 Changes.
  • the controller 200 may also record the corresponding relationship between the coupling coefficient and the coil mutual inductance corresponding to the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 before charging. After the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, the controller 200 detects the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance every preset period or in real time, the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance detected during the power transmission phase and the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance recorded before charging When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 After determining that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed, the controller 200 stops power transmission, and re-determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the specific process of determining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is similar to the process in the first embodiment of the apparatus of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 determines whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed, the parameters used are the coupling coefficient and coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil during the power transmission phase, but the above parameters will also be affected by the transmission. The impact of foreign matter between the terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 compares the re-determined relative position with the relative position determined before charging.
  • the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is consistent with the relative position determined before charging, it determines that the transmitter 101 and the receiver There is a foreign object between the terminals 102; if the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is inconsistent with the relative position determined before charging, the foreign object detection is performed according to the process in the second, third or fourth embodiment of the device of the present application.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time, so as to avoid the transmitter 101 in the power transmission phase.
  • the relative position with the receiving end 102 changes, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position are still used for foreign object detection, which results in the inability to detect the foreign object or the poor accuracy of the foreign object detection happensing.
  • the controller 200 re-detects the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and determines whether there is a foreign object based on the re-detected relative position and the relative position determined before charging. This effectively avoids the situation that the wireless charging device cannot detect foreign objects after entering the power transmission stage, and further improves the capability and accuracy of foreign object detection during the wireless charging process.
  • the process for the controller 200 of the wireless charging device to obtain the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 may also include the following two methods. The detailed introduction will be given in the sixth device embodiment and the eight device embodiment below.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device is further configured to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging.
  • the following parameters include: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Then, the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device obtains the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end including the following two ways:
  • the first type the controller 200 is used to obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; obtain the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, or according to the relationship between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging
  • the mutual inductance of the coils obtains the horizontal relative position.
  • the process of the controller 200 obtaining the vertical relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is similar to the process in the first embodiment of the apparatus of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and obtains the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 101 according to the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging.
  • the specific process of the horizontal relative position between the receiving ends 102 will be described in detail later.
  • the second type the controller 200 is used to directly obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging.
  • the following takes the controller 200 to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging as an example for detailed introduction.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the three-dimensional correspondence between the relative positions can be obtained in advance.
  • the controller 200 obtains the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Then, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are obtained from the three-dimensional correspondence.
  • controller 200 obtains the relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is similar to the above process, and will not be repeated here.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging will be affected by the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 can obtain in advance the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the correlation between the three relative positions.
  • the controller 200 obtains the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and can determine the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position of the coupling coefficient; based on similar principles, control The transmitter 200 can also determine the relative position through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the mutual inductance of the coils. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 16 is an equipotential diagram of the variation of the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil with the relative position provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: mm), and the ordinate is the vertical relative position (unit: mm).
  • the dashed line L and dashed line K in the figure are the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the transmitting coil obtained at the same relative position.
  • Coupling coefficient between and receiving coil It can be seen from the figure that the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil varies little with the vertical relative position, and varies greatly with the horizontal relative position.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is negatively related to the horizontal relative position. The larger the horizontal relative position, the smaller the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Therefore, the horizontal relative position can be obtained by obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller. After obtaining the coupling coefficient, the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position corresponding to the coupling coefficient from the corresponding relationship.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 17 is an equipotential diagram of the change of the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil with the relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the vertical relative position (unit: millimeter).
  • the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil varies little with the vertical relative position, and varies greatly with the horizontal relative position.
  • the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is negatively related to the horizontal relative position.
  • the larger the horizontal relative position the smaller the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Therefore, the horizontal relative position can be obtained by obtaining the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the mutual inductance of the coil and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200. After obtaining the coil mutual inductance, the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position corresponding to the coil mutual inductance from the corresponding relationship.
  • controller 200 obtains the coupling coefficient and coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a coupling coefficient detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the coupling coefficient detection circuit includes the transmitting terminal 101 shown in FIG. 8.
  • the receiving end 102 of the coupling coefficient detection circuit includes a receiving end resonance network and a rectifier circuit.
  • the receiving end resonance network includes a receiving coil L 2 .
  • the controller 200 provides a DC voltage to the input end of the full bridge circuit of the transmitter 101, so that the full bridge is in an inverter working state, and controls the receiver 102 to be in a no-load state to obtain the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit and the current of the transmitter coil.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • V rect is the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit
  • I 1 is the current of the transmitting coil
  • is the operating frequency and known
  • is the coefficient and can be obtained through experiments
  • There is a preset proportional coefficient between L 2 and after obtaining the self-inductance L 1 of the transmitting coil, the self-inductance L 2 of the receiving coil can be directly obtained through the preset proportional coefficient.
  • the mutual inductance M 1 between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil can be obtained by the following calculation formula:
  • V rect is the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit
  • I 1 is the current of the transmitting coil
  • is the operating frequency and is known
  • is the coefficient and can be obtained through experiments.
  • can be measured through experiments. In order to reduce the influence of factors such as harmonics generated in the circuit during the detection of the coupling coefficient, ⁇ can be set to Those skilled in the art can also modify the value of ⁇ in order to further improve the accuracy of detecting the coupling coefficient.
  • the controller 200 determines the horizontal relative position
  • a person skilled in the art can select one or more parameters according to specific practical applications: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the mutual inductance of the coils.
  • the controller 200 performs mutual verification according to the horizontal relative position determined by each parameter.
  • the controller 200 may perform mutual verification according to the horizontal relative position determined by the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position determined by the coil mutual inductance.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end 101 and the receiving end 102 of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by a horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the controller 200 may obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combined with the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller 200, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging is greatly affected by the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, but is less affected by the vertical relative position. Therefore, the controller 200 may obtain in advance the correspondence between the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position before charging.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained through the coupling coefficient before charging.
  • the controller 200 can also obtain the horizontal relative position according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously.
  • the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position are combined to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the foreign object detection before charging is performed.
  • the following describes in detail how the wireless charging device performs foreign object detection after entering the power transmission phase in the seventh embodiment of the device of the present application.
  • the controller 200 performs foreign object detection based on parameters such as the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position.
  • the error is relatively large, and it may happen that the controller 200 falsely reports a foreign object or there is a foreign object but cannot be detected.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time.
  • controller 200 determines that the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 may record the transmit coil inductance before charging, the coupling coefficient k and the mutual inductance M between the inductance coil, transmitter and receiver coils to obtain a reception coil 102 receives the rectified output terminal of the circuit DC voltage V rect.
  • the controller 200 calculates the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit of the receiving terminal 102 every preset period or in real time using the parameters recorded before charging.
  • the controller 200 detects the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit of the receiving terminal 102 every preset period or in real time. When the calculated DC voltage is inconsistent with the detected DC voltage, it determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Variety.
  • the controller 200 may also record the corresponding relationship between the coupling coefficient and the coil mutual inductance corresponding to the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 before charging. After the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, the controller 200 detects the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance every preset period or in real time, the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance detected during the power transmission phase and the coupling coefficient or coil mutual inductance recorded before charging When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 After determining that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed, the controller 200 stops power transmission, and re-determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the specific process of determining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is similar to the process in the sixth embodiment of the apparatus of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 determines whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed, the parameters used are the coupling coefficient and coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil during the power transmission phase, but the above parameters will also be affected by the transmitter. The impact of foreign matter between the terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 compares the re-determined relative position with the relative position determined before charging.
  • the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is consistent with the relative position determined before charging, it determines that the transmitter 101 and the receiver There is a foreign object between the terminals 102; if the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is inconsistent with the relative position determined before charging, the foreign object detection is performed according to the process in the second, third or fourth embodiment of the device of the present application.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time, so as to avoid the transmitter 101 in the power transmission phase.
  • the relative position with the receiving end 102 changes, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position are still used for foreign object detection, which results in the inability to detect the foreign object or the poor accuracy of the foreign object detection happensing.
  • the controller 200 re-detects the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and determines whether there is a foreign object based on the re-detected relative position and the relative position determined before charging. This effectively avoids the situation that the wireless charging device cannot detect foreign objects after entering the power transmission stage, and further improves the capability and accuracy of foreign object detection during the wireless charging process.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device is further configured to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system formed by the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is the spatial offset between the center of the transmitting coil and the center of the receiving coil.
  • the following parameters include: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • the following describes in detail how the wireless charging device in the embodiment of the present application obtains the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 of the wireless charging device obtains the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end including the following two ways:
  • the first type the controller 200 is used to obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; to obtain the horizontal relative position according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the process of the controller 200 obtaining the vertical relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is similar to the process in the first embodiment of the device of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 obtains the specific process of the horizontal relative position according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102, which will be described in detail later.
  • the second type the controller 200 is used to directly obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system formed by the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the following takes the controller 200 to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil before charging as an example for detailed introduction.
  • the three-dimensional correspondence between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil and the relative position can be obtained in advance. After obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil, the controller 200 obtains the self-inductance of the transmitting coil from the three-dimensional correspondence. The relative position corresponding to the current of the transmitting coil.
  • the controller 200 obtains the relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the efficiency of the wireless charging system before charging, and the principle of obtaining the relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 is similar to the above process, and will not be repeated here.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil before charging are both affected by the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 can obtain in advance the three-dimensional correspondence between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, and the relative position.
  • the controller 200 can determine the relative position of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil; based on similar principles, the controller 200 can also transmit The self-inductance of the coil and the efficiency of the wireless charging system before charging determine the relative position; the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 before charging can also determine the relative position. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 is also used to obtain the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 19 is a graph of the change curve of the current of the transmitting coil with the horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the current of the transmitting coil (unit: ampere). It can be seen from the figure that in the same vertical relative position, and after the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 is fixed, the current of the transmitting coil is positively correlated with the horizontal relative position, that is, the greater the horizontal relative position, the greater the horizontal relative position of the transmitting coil The greater the current. Therefore, the horizontal relative position can be obtained by measuring the current of the transmitting coil.
  • the corresponding relationship between the current of the transmitting coil and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200.
  • the controller 200 obtains the current of the transmitting coil, and obtains the horizontal relative position corresponding to the current of the transmitting coil from the corresponding relationship.
  • the control DC output voltage is within the preset voltage interval, it is deemed that the DC output voltage is fixed.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the efficiency of the wireless charging system before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 20 is a graph of the efficiency of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the application as a function of horizontal relative position.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the efficiency of the wireless charging system. It can be seen from the figure that in the same vertical relative position and after the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 is fixed, the efficiency of the wireless charging system is negatively correlated with the horizontal relative position, that is, the greater the horizontal relative position , The efficiency of the wireless charging system is also lower. Therefore, the horizontal relative position can be obtained by calculating the efficiency of the wireless charging system.
  • the corresponding relationship between the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200.
  • the controller 200 controls the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 to be fixed, by obtaining the efficiency of the wireless charging system, the horizontal relative position corresponding to the efficiency of the wireless charging system is obtained from the corresponding relationship.
  • the DC output voltage is controlled within the preset voltage interval, it is considered that the DC output voltage is fixed.
  • the efficiency of the wireless charging system can be obtained by the ratio of the output power of the receiving terminal 102 to the input power of the transmitting terminal 101.
  • the controller 200 obtains the horizontal relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 according to the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 before charging is as follows:
  • FIG. 21 is a graph of the change of the DC output voltage of the receiving end with the horizontal relative position according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the horizontal relative position (unit: millimeter), and the ordinate is the DC output voltage of the receiving end (unit: volt). It can be seen from the figure that in the case of the same vertical relative position and after the current of the transmitting coil is fixed, the DC output voltage of the receiving end 102 is negatively correlated with the horizontal relative position, that is, the greater the relative position of the water level, the receiving The DC output voltage at terminal 102 is also smaller. Therefore, the horizontal relative position can be obtained by calculating the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102.
  • the corresponding relationship between the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance, which can be specifically obtained through experiments, and the formed data is stored in the controller 200.
  • the controller 200 controls the current of the transmitting coil to be constant, obtains the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102, and obtains the horizontal relative position corresponding to the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 from the corresponding relationship. Wherein, when the current of the control transmitting coil is within the preset current interval, it is deemed that the current of the transmitting coil is fixed.
  • the controller 200 determines the horizontal relative position according to each parameter, the controller 200 performs mutual verification according to the horizontal relative position determined by each parameter. For example: when the controller 200 selects the current of the transmitter coil before charging and the efficiency of the wireless charging system to determine the horizontal relative position, the controller 200 can determine the horizontal relative position determined by the current of the transmitter coil before charging and the efficiency of the wireless charging system before charging. The relative horizontal positions of the two are checked against each other.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end 101 and the receiving end 102 of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by a horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the controller 200 may obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combined with the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller 200, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 before charging are all There is a single change relationship with the horizontal relative position.
  • the controller 200 can obtain in advance the corresponding relationship between the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 and the horizontal relative position respectively before charging.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by the obtained current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving end 102.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously.
  • the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position are combined to obtain the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the foreign object detection before charging is performed.
  • the following describes in detail how the wireless charging device performs foreign object detection after entering the power transmission phase in the ninth embodiment of the device of the present application.
  • the controller 200 performs foreign object detection based on parameters such as the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position.
  • the error is relatively large, and it may happen that the controller 200 falsely reports a foreign object or there is a foreign object but cannot be detected.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time.
  • controller 200 determines that the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 determines whether the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed according to the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 before charging and during the power transmission stage. The following takes the controller 200 to determine whether the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging and during the power transmission stage as an example for specific description.
  • the controller 200 can record the current of the transmitting coil corresponding to the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 before charging. After the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, the controller 200 obtains the current of the transmitter coil every preset period or in real time. The difference between the current of the transmitter coil detected during the power transmission phase and the current of the transmitter coil before charging exceeds the preset period. When the current threshold is set, it is determined that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed.
  • the controller 200 judges whether the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed according to the efficiency of the wireless charging system or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102 before charging and during the power transmission stage, and the process is similar to the above process. I won't repeat them here.
  • the controller 200 After determining that the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed, the controller 200 stops power transmission, and re-determines the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102.
  • the specific process of determining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is similar to the process in the eighth embodiment of the apparatus of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 200 determines whether the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 has changed, the parameters used are the current of the transmitting coil during the power transmission phase, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving terminal 102. The parameters are also affected by foreign objects between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102. Therefore, the controller 200 compares the re-determined relative position with the relative position determined before charging.
  • the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is consistent with the relative position determined before charging, it determines that the transmitter 101 and the receiver There is a foreign object between the terminals 102; if the controller 200 determines that the re-determined relative position is inconsistent with the relative position determined before charging, the foreign object detection is performed according to the process in the second, third or fourth embodiment of the device of the present application.
  • the controller 200 detects whether the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 has changed every preset period or in real time, so as to avoid the transmitter 101 in the power transmission phase.
  • the relative position with the receiving end 102 changes, the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the receiving coil in the original position are still used for foreign object detection, which results in the inability to detect the foreign object or the poor accuracy of the foreign object detection happensing.
  • the controller 200 re-detects the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, and determines whether there is a foreign object based on the re-detected relative position and the relative position determined before charging. This effectively avoids the situation that the wireless charging device cannot detect foreign objects after entering the power transmission stage, and further improves the capability and accuracy of foreign object detection during the wireless charging process.
  • the first embodiment of the method of the present application provides a method for position detection, which is applied to the transmitting end or the receiving end of a wireless charging device;
  • the transmitting end includes a transmitting end resonant network and an inverter circuit, and the transmitting end resonant network includes a transmitting coil;
  • the receiving end It includes a receiving end resonant network and a rectifier circuit;
  • the receiving end resonant network includes a receiving coil.
  • the receiving end also includes an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitting coil.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the method of position detection includes:
  • S100 Obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; obtain at least one of the following parameters: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • the following parameters include: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • Obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil includes obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network before charging.
  • the specific process of obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the resonant network of the transmitting end and the resonant capacitance of the resonant network of the transmitting end can refer to the first embodiment of the device of the present application and FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • S200 Obtain the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters; the at least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes the following two ways.
  • the first method obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; determine the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, or according to the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging.
  • the process of obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the mutual inductance of the coils can refer to the first embodiment of the device of the present application and FIG. 12, which will not be repeated here.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by the horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging is greatly affected by the horizontal relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, but is affected by the vertical
  • the direct relative position has little effect. Therefore, the correspondence between the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained through the coupling coefficient.
  • the horizontal relative position can also be obtained based on the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously. Combine the vertical relative position with the horizontal relative position to obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the second type the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end is directly obtained through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters.
  • At least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging will be affected by the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end. Therefore, the relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position of the coupling coefficient can be determined; based on similar principles, the transmitting coil can also be used
  • the self-inductance and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil before charging determine the relative position. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • process of obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end may also include the following two methods.
  • the detailed introduction will be given below in method embodiment two and method embodiment three respectively.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of another method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the method of position detection includes:
  • S10 Obtain the self-inductance of the transmitter coil; obtain at least one of the following parameters: the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • the following parameters include: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. Then, the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • Obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil includes obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network before charging.
  • the specific process of obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the resonant network of the transmitting end and the resonant capacitance of the resonant network of the transmitting end can refer to the first embodiment of the device of the present application and FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • S20 Obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil and at least one of the following parameters; the at least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes the following two ways.
  • the first type obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; obtain the horizontal relative position according to the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, or obtain the level according to the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging relative position.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by the horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position can be obtained in advance. Combining the corresponding relationship obtained in advance, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging is greatly affected by the horizontal relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, but is less affected by the vertical relative position. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the coupling coefficient and the horizontal relative position before charging can be obtained in advance.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained through the coupling coefficient before charging.
  • the horizontal relative position can also be obtained based on the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously. Combine the vertical relative position with the horizontal relative position to obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the second type obtain the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end directly through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters;
  • At least one parameter includes: the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the coil mutual inductance before charging.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging are affected by the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end. Therefore, the correlation between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging, and the relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil before charging are obtained, and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the relative position of the coupling coefficient can be determined; based on similar principles, it can also be transmitted
  • the self-inductance of the coil and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil before charging determine the relative position. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of yet another method for position detection according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the method of position detection includes:
  • S1 Obtain the self-inductance of the transmitter coil; obtain at least one of the following parameters: the current of the transmitter coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system formed by the transmitter and receiver, and the DC output voltage of the receiver.
  • the following parameters include: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving end.
  • the wireless charging device Before the wireless charging device enters the wireless power transmission, it can directly or indirectly obtain: the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving end. Then, the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end is obtained according to the relationship between the change of the aforementioned parameters and the relative position obtained in advance.
  • Obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil includes obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network before charging.
  • the specific process of obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the transmitting end resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the transmitting end resonant network can refer to Embodiment 1 of the device of the present application and FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • Obtaining the current of the transmitting coil before charging includes: controlling the DC output voltage of the receiving end to be fixed to obtain the current of the transmitting coil; wherein, the current of the transmitting coil before charging is positively correlated with the horizontal relative position.
  • the control DC output voltage is within the preset voltage interval, it is deemed that the DC output voltage is fixed.
  • Obtaining the efficiency of the wireless charging system formed by the transmitting end and the receiving end includes: controlling the DC output voltage of the receiving end to be fixed to obtain the efficiency of the wireless charging system; wherein the efficiency of the wireless charging system before charging is negatively correlated with the horizontal relative position.
  • the control DC output voltage is within the preset voltage interval, it is deemed that the DC output voltage is fixed.
  • Obtaining the DC output voltage of the receiving end includes: controlling the current of the transmitting coil to be constant to obtain the DC output voltage of the receiving end; wherein the DC output voltage of the receiving end before charging is negatively correlated with the horizontal relative position.
  • the current of the control transmitting coil is within the preset current interval, the current is regarded as fixed.
  • S2 Obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil and at least one of the following parameters; at least one parameter includes: the current of the transmitter coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, and the DC output voltage of the receiver .
  • obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes the following two ways.
  • the first method obtain the vertical relative position according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; obtain the horizontal relative position according to the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless system or the DC output voltage of the receiving end.
  • the self-sensing vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil has a greater influence, but is less affected by the horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position can be obtained in advance. Combining the corresponding relationship obtained in advance, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the DC output voltage of the receiving end all exist relative to the horizontal position Single change of relationship.
  • the corresponding relationship between the current of the transmitting coil, the efficiency of the wireless charging system, or the DC output voltage of the receiving end and the horizontal relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by obtaining the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system or the DC output voltage of the receiving end.
  • the sequence of obtaining the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously. Combine the vertical relative position with the horizontal relative position to obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver. Further improve the accuracy of relative position detection.
  • the second type the relative position is directly obtained through three-dimensional positioning according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and at least one of the following parameters; at least one parameter includes: the current of the transmitting coil before charging, the efficiency of the wireless charging system formed by the transmitting end and the receiving end, and The DC output voltage at the receiving end.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil before charging are both affected by the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end. Therefore, the correlation between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the current of the transmitting coil before charging, and the relative position can be obtained in advance.
  • the relative position of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil can be determined; based on similar principles, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the charging before
  • the efficiency of the wireless charging system determines the relative position; the relative position can also be determined by the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the DC output voltage of the receiving end before charging. Further improve the efficiency of relative position detection.
  • the first, second, and third embodiments of the above method describe how to obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the following describes the process of foreign object detection in combination with the obtained relative position.
  • the required AC impedance of the transmitter coil and the AC impedance of the receiver coil, as well as the Q value of the transmitter 101 will be affected by the relative position between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102. influences.
  • the relative position deviation between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102 is relatively large, the influence of the relative position will be greater than the influence of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the Q value of the transmitting terminal 101 on the detection of foreign objects.
  • the wireless charging device After determining the relative position between the transmitting terminal 101 and the receiving terminal 102, the wireless charging device performs foreign object detection, which can improve the accuracy of foreign object detection.
  • FIG. 25 is a flowchart of a foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the foreign body detection method includes:
  • the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes a horizontal relative position and a vertical relative position.
  • the Q value of the transmitting end can be obtained first to determine whether there is a metal foreign object close to the center of the transmitting end or larger between the transmitting end and the receiving end. .
  • the minimum Q threshold can be obtained in advance. If the obtained Q value of the transmitting end is less than the minimum Q threshold, it can be directly determined that there is a metal foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end, which improves the efficiency of foreign object detection.
  • S4 Obtain the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the relative position, obtain the power loss of the transmitting end according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging, obtain the transmitting power according to the input power of the transmitting end and the power loss of the transmitting end, according to the transmitting power
  • the foreign object loss is obtained from the receiving power of the receiving end, and when the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the process of obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the relative position and obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process can refer to the second embodiment of the device of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
  • the error of the AC impedance of the transmitting coil obtained by the relative position is small, the error of the calculated received power will be also small, and the error of the obtained foreign body loss will also be small, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained foreign body loss.
  • the coil resistance of the receiving end can be directly used as the AC impedance of the receiving coil, which simplifies the process of obtaining the received power, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the received power.
  • the power loss of the transmitting end is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during the charging process, because the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is obtained according to the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, rather than directly Using the coil resistance of the transmitting end as the AC impedance of the transmitting end reduces the error of obtaining the AC impedance of the transmitting end, thereby reducing the error of the power loss of the transmitting end, and further reducing the error of the transmitting power; at the same time, according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position Obtain the AC impedance of the receiving coil, obtain the power loss of the receiving end according to the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the current of the receiving coil during charging, and obtain the receiving power of the receiving end according to the power loss of the receiving end and the output power of the receiving end, which further reduces the error of the received power .
  • the foreign body loss is obtained according to the lower error transmitting power and the lower error
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart of another foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the foreign body detection method includes:
  • the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes a horizontal relative position and a vertical relative position.
  • the order of obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end and obtaining the Q value of the transmitting end is not limited, and may be obtained sequentially or simultaneously.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting coil is obtained according to the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position
  • the power loss of the transmitting terminal is obtained according to the AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging.
  • the input power and the power loss of the transmitting terminal obtain the transmitting power.
  • the power difference between the transmitting power and the receiving power is obtained.
  • the power consumption is calibrated according to the power difference, and the foreign body loss is obtained by using the calibrated power consumption.
  • the process of obtaining the foreign matter loss is similar to the process introduced in the fourth embodiment of the method of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference between obtaining the foreign object loss in the fifth embodiment of the method of the present application and the fourth embodiment of the present application is that the power difference between the transmit power and the received power is used for power consumption calibration, and the calibrated power consumption is used to obtain the foreign object loss.
  • the power consumption calibration according to the power difference is a relatively mature technology, and the process of power consumption calibration will not be described in detail here.
  • the situation where the obtained Q values of the transmitting end are all compared with the same Q value threshold is avoided.
  • the Q value of the transmitting end obtained when there is no foreign matter between the transmitting end and the receiving end is used as the Q value threshold in the horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. That is, different relative positions correspond to different Q thresholds.
  • the Q value threshold at the relative position is obtained, and the Q value of the transmitter is compared with the Q threshold at the relative position, which improves the accuracy of foreign object detection; when the foreign object is not detected by the Q value method, according to The relative position obtains the AC impedance of the transmitter at the relative position, not the coil impedance of the transmitter.
  • Different relative positions correspond to different AC impedances of the transmitting end.
  • the AC impedance of the transmitting end with a smaller error is used to improve the accuracy of obtaining the power loss of the transmitting end, and the error of the obtained foreign object loss is smaller, and the accuracy of foreign object detection is further improved.
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart of another foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the foreign body detection method includes:
  • the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end includes a horizontal relative position and a vertical relative position.
  • S400 Control the movement of the transmitting coil according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position to align the transmitting coil with the receiving coil of the receiving end.
  • the transmitting coil After obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the transmitting coil is driven to move according to the vertical relative position and the horizontal relative position to reduce the deviation of the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and to make the transmitting coil and the receiving coil as far as possible
  • the center is aligned.
  • S501 Obtain the Q value post-alignment threshold value according to the aligned horizontal relative position and the vertical relative position. When the Q value of the transmitting end is less than or equal to the Q value post-alignment threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • S502 Obtain the aligned AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to the aligned horizontal relative position and vertical relative position, and obtain the power loss of the transmitting end according to the aligned AC impedance of the transmitting coil and the current of the transmitting coil during charging.
  • the transmission power is obtained by the input power of the transmitter and the power loss of the transmitter, and the foreign object loss is obtained according to the transmit power and the received power of the receiver.
  • the foreign object loss is greater than the power threshold, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the above S501 and S502 are two parallel steps, and one of them can be selected for foreign body detection, or two foreign body detections for mutual verification can be selected.
  • the transmitting coil after obtaining the relative position between the transmitting end and the receiving end, the transmitting coil can be driven to move according to the relative position, so that the centers of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned. Therefore, there is no need to set a Q value threshold corresponding to the relative position, the AC impedance of the receiving coil, and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil according to each relative position.
  • Foreign object detection can be performed based on the unified Q threshold, the AC impedance of the receiving coil and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil. Improve the ability and efficiency of foreign body detection.
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart of yet another foreign body detection method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the foreign body detection method includes:
  • the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver changes, the error of foreign object detection based on the AC impedance of the transmitter coil and the AC impedance of the receiver coil in the original position is relatively large , There will be cases where a foreign body is falsely reported or there is a foreign body but cannot be detected.
  • the parameters used to determine whether the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver has changed will be affected by foreign objects between the transmitter and the receiver. Therefore, compare the re-determined relative position with the relative position determined before charging. If the re-determined relative position is consistent with the relative position determined before charging, it is determined that there is a foreign object between the transmitter and the receiver; The determined relative position is inconsistent with the determined relative position before charging, and the foreign object detection is performed according to the process in the fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment of the method of the present application.
  • the wireless charging device after the wireless charging device enters the power transmission phase, it detects whether the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver has changed every preset period or in real time, so as to avoid the power transmission phase between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the relative position changes the AC impedance of the transmitter coil in the original position and the AC impedance of the receiving coil are still used for foreign object detection, which results in a situation where the foreign object cannot be detected or the accuracy of the foreign object detection is poor.
  • Re-detect the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver and determine whether there is a foreign object based on the re-detected relative position and the relative position determined before charging. This effectively avoids the situation that the wireless charging device cannot detect foreign objects after entering the power transmission stage, and further improves the capability and accuracy of foreign object detection during the wireless charging process.
  • the first embodiment of the system of the present application provides a wireless charging system
  • the wireless charging system includes any one of the foregoing device embodiments 1 to 9 of the wireless charging device.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the wireless charging system further includes a receiving terminal 102.
  • the receiving terminal 102 also includes an auxiliary coil; during wireless charging, the voltage across the auxiliary coil is generated by the current of the transmitting coil.
  • the controller of the wireless charging device is the transmitter controller, and the parameters obtained by the receiver 102 can be sent to the transmitter controller through the receiver controller.
  • the receiving end controller sends the DC output voltage of the receiving end 102 to the transmitting end controller.
  • the wireless charging system further includes: the transmitting terminal 101.
  • the controller of the wireless charging device is the receiver controller, and the parameters obtained by the transmitter 101 can be sent to the receiver controller through the transmitter controller.
  • the transmitter controller sends the current of the transmitter coil to the receiver controller.
  • the transmitting terminal 101 is used to wirelessly charge the receiving terminal 102.
  • the self-sensing effect of the vertical relative position change between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting coil is relatively large, but is less affected by the horizontal relative position change. Therefore, the controller can obtain the corresponding relationship between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the vertical relative position in advance. Combining the corresponding relationship obtained in advance by the controller, the vertical relative position is obtained through the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; at the same vertical relative position, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the difference between the The mutual inductance of the coils has a single change relationship with the horizontal relative position.
  • the controller can separately obtain the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the corresponding relationship between the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil and the horizontal relative position respectively.
  • the horizontal relative position is obtained by obtaining the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil before charging, and the coil mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • At least one (item) refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, “A and/or B” can mean: only A, only B, and both A and B , Where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • the following at least one item (a)” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or plural items (a).
  • At least one (a) of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c" ", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统,该装置包括发射端或接收端;发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈;接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生;该装置还包括:控制器;控制器,用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;至少一项参数包括:发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及,所述发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的线圈互感中的一项或两项。至少一项参数与相对位置之间存在单一变化关系,因此能够准确检测无线充电的发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。

Description

一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统
本申请要求于2019年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911424812.8、发明名称为“无线电能传输系统”的中国专利申请的优先权,本申请要求于2019年08月07日提交美国专利局、申请号为PCT/US2019/045471、发明名称为“Foreign Object Detection Apparatus and Method”(异物检测装置和方法)的PCT专利申请的优先权,于2020年03月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为PCT/CN2020/081503、发明名称为“一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线充电技术领域,尤其涉及一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统。
背景技术
随着技术的不断发展,目前很多终端设备采用无线充电方式,例如手机可以采用无线充电方式来给手机中的电池充电。
无线充电技术的原理是通过发射端的发射线圈和接收端的接收线圈之间磁场耦合来传输电能。例如,对于手机的无线充电,发射端是指无线充电器,接收端是指手机。其中,发射线圈位于发射端,接收线圈位于手机内部。但是,当发射端和接收端之间存在金属异物时,发射端和接收端变化的磁场会在金属异物中产生涡流损耗并产生热量,进而带来发热甚至起火等安全性问题。因此,异物检测(FOD,Foreign Object Detection)是无线充电技术需要解决的技术问题。
但是,目前的异物检测技术不考虑发射端和接收端的相对位置的影响,目前也没有提供准确获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的方法。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种无线充电装置、位置检测的方法及系统,能够准确检测无线充电的发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种无线充电装置,该装置包括发射端或接收端;发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈;接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生;该装置还包括:控制器;控制器,用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;至少一项参数包括:耦合系数及线圈互感中的一项或两项;其中耦合系数和线圈互感均是指发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的。
无线充电装置包括的以下参数均随发射端与接收端的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈的自感、充电之前发发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈的自感、发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,能够准确获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
优选地,控制器,具体用于根据发射线圈的自感以及至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
由于发射线圈的自感,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数均会受到发射端与接收端之间的相对位置的影响。因此,控制器可以预先获得发射线圈的自感,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及相对位置三者之间的三维对应关系。结合三维对应关系,控制器获得发射线圈的自感和耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感和耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,控制器还可以通过发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
优选地,相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置;控制器,具体用于根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据至少一项参数获得水平相对位置。
发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,控制器可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,或,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。
优选地,控制器,用于根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
优选地,控制器,还用于根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端的功率损耗,根据接收端的功率损耗和接收端的输出功率获得接收端的接收功率。
控制器根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,由于发射线圈的交流阻抗是根据发射端和接收端之间的相对位置获取的,而不是直接将发射端的线圈电阻作为发射端的交流阻抗,降低了控制器获得发射端的交流阻抗的误差,进而降低了发射端的功率损耗的误差,进一步降低了发射功率的误差;同时,控制器根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端的功率损耗,根据接收端的功率损耗和接收端的输出功率获得接收端的接收功率,进一步降低了接收功率的误差。控制器根据误差较低的发射功率和误差较低的接收功率获得异物损耗,进而异物损耗的误差也会较低,进一步提高了异物检测的精确度。
优选地,控制器,还用于获得发射端的Q值,当发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物;最小Q阈值根据充电自由度范围内无异物时发射端的Q 值来获得。
控制器获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程中,金属异物可能会影响到控制器获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的准确度,尤其是金属异物位于发射端的中心部位时。因此,可以在控制器确定发射端和接收端之间的相对位置之前,先通过获得发射端的Q值,进而判断发射端和接收端之间是否存在距离发射端的中心部位较近的或者较大的金属异物。具体的,可以预先获得最小Q阈值,若获得的发射端101的Q值小于最小Q阈值,可直接判断发射端101和接收端102之间存在金属异物,提高了异物检测的效率。
优选地,控制器,还用于获得发射端的Q值,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值,当发射端的Q值小于等于Q值阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
优选地,控制器,还用于当发射端的Q值大于Q值阈值时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率,获得发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差,根据功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
为了避免获得的发射端的Q值均与同一个Q值阈值相比较的情况。控制器将发射端和接收端之间无异物时,获得的发射端的Q值,作为该水平相对位置和竖直相对位置情况下的Q值阈值。即不同的相对位置对应的Q值阈值不同。控制器根据相对位置获得该相对位置时的Q值阈值,并将发射端101的Q值与该相对位置时的Q值阈值进行比较,提高了异物检测的精确度;通过Q值法没有检测出异物时,控制器根据该相对位置获得该相对位置的发射端的交流阻抗,而不是发射端的线圈阻抗。不同的相对位置对应的发射端的交流阻抗不同,采用误差较小的发射端的交流阻抗,提高获得发射端的功率损耗的精确度,进而获得的异物损耗的误差较小,进一步提高异物检测的精确度。
优选地,该无线充电装置还包括:驱动装置;控制器,还用于根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置控制驱动装置驱动发射线圈移动,以使发射线圈与接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,当发射端的Q值小于等于Q值对位后阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
进而,避免了对位过程中Q值对位后阈值产生的较小误差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高控制器确定发射端和接收端之间是否存在异物的精确度。
优选地,控制器,还用于根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置控制驱动装置驱动发射线圈移动,以使发射线圈与接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
进而,降低了交流阻抗的偏差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高控制器确定发射 端和接收端之间是否存在异物的精确度。
控制器获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置后,可以根据该相对位置控制驱动装置驱动发射线圈进行移动,使发射线圈和接收线圈的中心对正。由此,无需根据每一个相对位置设定一个该相对位置对应的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗。控制器可以根据统一的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗进行异物检测。提高了异物检测的能力以及效率。
优选地,控制器,还用于根据发射线圈的电流、辅助线圈的直流输电压,以及工作频率、发射线圈的自感和辅助线圈的自感获得至少一项参数中的耦合系数,其中,耦合系数与水平相对位置正相关。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数与水平相对位置成正相关,进而通过发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数可以获得水平相对位置。
优选地,控制器,还用于根据接收端处于空载状态时对应的发射线圈电流、辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率获得至少一项参数中的线圈互感,其中,线圈互感与水平相对位置正相关。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感与水平相对位置负相关,进而通过发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感可以获得水平相对位置。
优选地,控制器,还用于根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。
发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。进而,通过谐振频率和谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感后,可以获得竖直相对位置。
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供一种位置检测的方法,应用于无线充电装置的发射端或接收端;发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈;接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生;方法包括:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;耦合系数及线圈互感中的一项或两项;其中耦合系数和线圈互感均是指发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的。
无线充电装置包括的以下参数均随发射端与接收端的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈的自感、发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,能够准确获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
优选地,根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括:根据发射线圈的自感以及至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
由于发射线圈的自感,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数均会受到发射端 与接收端之间的相对位置的影响。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈的自感,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,获得发射线圈的自感,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,还可以通过发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
优选地,相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置;根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括:根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据至少一项参数获得水平相对位置。
发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,或,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,或,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端的功率损耗,根据接收端的功率损耗和接收端的输出功率获得接收端的接收功率。
根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,由于发射线圈的交流阻抗是根据发射端和接收端之间的相对位置获取的,而不是直接将发射端的线圈电阻作为发射端的交流阻抗,降低了获得发射端的交流阻抗的误差,进而降低了发射端的功率损耗的误差,进一步降低了发射功率的误差;同时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端的功率损耗,根据接收端的功率损耗和接收端的输出功率获得接收端的接收功率,进一步降低了接收功率的误差。根据误差较低的发射功率和误差较低的接收功率获得异物损耗,进而异物损耗的误差也会较低,进一步提高了异物检测的精确度。
优选地,该方法还包括:获得发射端的Q值;当发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物;其中,最小Q阈值根据充电自由度范围内无异物时发射端的Q值来获得。
获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程中,金属异物可能会影响到获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的准确度,尤其是金属异物位于发射端的中心部位时。因此,可以 在确定发射端和接收端之间的相对位置之前,先通过获得发射端的Q值,进而判断发射端和接收端之间是否存在距离发射端的中心部位较近的或者较大的金属异物。具体的,可以预先获得最小Q阈值,若获得的发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值,可直接判断发射端和接收端之间存在金属异物,提高了异物检测的效率。
优选地,该方法还包括:获得发射端的Q值;根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值,当发射端的Q值小于等于Q值阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
优选地,该方法还包括:当发射端的Q值大于Q值阈值时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率,获得发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差,根据功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
为了避免获得的发射端的Q值均与同一个Q值阈值相比较的情况。将发射端和接收端之间无异物时,获得的发射端的Q值,作为该水平相对位置和竖直相对位置情况下的Q值阈值。即不同的相对位置对应的Q值阈值不同。根据相对位置获得该相对位置时的Q值阈值,并将发射端的Q值与该相对位置时的Q值阈值进行比较,提高了异物检测的精确度;通过Q值法没有检测出异物时,根据该相对位置获得该相对位置的发射端的交流阻抗,而不是发射端的线圈阻抗。不同的相对位置对应的发射端的交流阻抗不同,采用误差较小的发射端的交流阻抗,提高获得发射端的功率损耗的精确度,进而获得的异物损耗的误差较小,进一步提高异物检测的精确度。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置使发射线圈与接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,当发射端的Q值小于等于Q值对位后阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
进而,避免了对位过程中Q值对位后阈值产生的较小误差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高确定发射端和接收端之间是否存在异物的精确度。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置使发射线圈与接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
进而,避免了对位过程中对位后交流阻抗产生的较小误差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高控制器确定发射端和接收端之间是否存在异物的精确度。
获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置后,可以根据该相对位置驱动发射线圈进行移动,使发射线圈和接收线圈的中心对正。由此,无需根据每一个相对位置设定一个该相对位置对应的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗。可以根据统一的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗进行异物检测。提高了异物检测的能力以及效 率。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据发射线圈的电流、辅助线圈的直流输电压,以及工作频率、发射线圈的自感和辅助线圈的自感获得至少一项参数中的耦合系数,其中,耦合系数与水平相对位置正相关。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数与水平相对位置成正相关,进而通过发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数可以获得水平相对位置。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据接收端处于空载状态时对应的发射线圈电流、辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率获得至少一项参数中的线圈互感,其中,线圈互感与水平相对位置正相关。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感与水平相对位置负相关,进而通过发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感可以获得水平相对位置。
优选地,该方法还包括:根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。
发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。进而,通过谐振频率和谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感后,可以获得竖直相对位置。
第三方面,本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电系统,包括以上介绍的至少一种无线充电装置,当无线充电装置包括发射端时,该系统还包括:接收端;当无线充电装置包括接收端时,该系统还包括:发射端;接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生;发射端,用于给接收端进行无线充电。该无线充电系统能够准确检测无线充电的发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
从以上技术方案可以看出,本申请实施例具有以下优点:发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,控制器可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。控制器获得竖直相对位置和水平相对位置后,即可准确获得发射端与接收端之间的相对位置。
附图说明
图1为一种无线电能传输过程的示意图;
图2为一种发射线圈的交流阻抗随相对位置的变化的示意图;
图3为一种Q值检测电路的示意图;
图4为一种电压Vcap的振荡衰减曲线图;
图5为一种发射端的Q值随相对位置的变化的示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电装置的示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的自感随发射端与接收端之间的相对位置变化的等势图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种谐振参数检测电路的示意图;
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种电压振荡曲线的示意图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和辅助线圈以及接收线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数随水平相对位置变化的曲线图;
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种辅助线圈的示意图;
图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种耦合系数检测电路的示意图;
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的交流阻抗随相对位置变化的等势图;
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种无异物时发射端Q值随相对位置变化的等势图;
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电装置的示意图;
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数随相对位置变化的等势图;
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感随相对位置变化的等势图;
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种耦合系数检测电路的示意图;
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的电流随水平相对位置的变化曲线图;
图20为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的效率随水平相对位置的变化曲线图;
图21本申请实施例提供的一种接收端的直流输出电压随水平相对位置的变化曲线图;
图22为本申请实施例提供的一种位置检测的方法的流程图;
图23为本申请实施例提供的另一种位置检测的方法的流程图;
图24为本申请实施例提供的又一种位置检测的方法的流程图;
图25为本申请实施例提供的一种异物检测的方法的流程图;
图26为本申请实施例提供的另一种异物检测的方法的流程图;
图27为申请实施例提供的又一种异物检测的方法的流程图;
图28为本申请实施例提供的再一种异物检测的方法的流程图;
图29为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案,下面首先介绍本方案的应用场景。
本申请各个实施例所提供的技术方案,不仅可应用于较远距离电能无线传输场景,还可适用于较近距离的无线充电场景。下面各个实施例中以较近距离的无线充电场景为例进行说明。
发射端一般为无线充电设备,例如无线充电器,接收端可以位于电子设备中。例如,电子设备可以为手机、平板电脑或可穿戴设备等任一种支持无线充电的设备。本申请实施例中并不对无线充电设备以及电子设备进行限定。
参见图1,该图为一种无线电能传输过程的示意图。
如图所示,发射端101,用于发射磁场能量。接收端102,用于接收发射端101发射的磁场能量。
发射端101可以位于无线充电设备中;接收端102可以位于电子设备中。无线充电设备将输入的电能变换为磁场能量后,无线充电设备通过发射端101发射磁场能量;电子设备位于无线充电设备附近时,电子设备通过接收端102接收无线充电设备发出的磁场能量,并将磁场能量进行变换为电能,以对电子设备充电。由此,实现电能由无线充电设备向电子设备的无线传输。
无线电能传输是通过发射线圈与接收线圈之间磁场耦合,进而将电能从发射端101无线传输到接收端102。但是,发射端101和接收端102之间可能会存在异物,例如:金属异物,发射线圈与接收线圈之间产生的变化磁场在金属异物产生涡流损耗并产生热量。随着技术的发展,无线充电设备和电子设备的更新换代,无线充电设备与电子设备之间的无线充电功率逐渐攀升,金属异物产生的涡流损耗和热量也成比例的增加。此时,不仅造成了大量的能量损耗,而且在金属异物产生大量的热量会带来安全隐患,例如:起火。
因此,异物检测(FOD,Foreign Object Detection)是无线充电技术需要解决的技术问题。异物检测的方法通常包括功率损耗法(Ploss,Power loss method)和Q值法,下面具体介绍功率损耗法和Q值法。
功率损耗法:
功率损耗法是无线充电协会(WPC,Wireless power consortium)在Qi协议中定义的一种用于异物检测的方法。功率损耗为发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差,可以通过如下公式计算:
P loss=P tx-P rx
其中,P loss为功率损耗,P tx为发射功率,发射功率为发射端101发射的磁场能量,P rx为接收功率,接收功率为电子设备接收端102接收的磁场能量。
发射功率P tx可以通过如下公式计算:
P tx=P in-P tx loss
其中,P in为发射端101的输入功率,P tx loss为发射端101的功率损耗,包括发射端101的电路的损耗和发射线圈的损耗。
接收功率P rx可以通过如下公式计算:
P rx=P out+P rx loss
其中,P out为接收端102的输出功率,P rx loss为接收端102的功率损耗,包括接收端102的电路的损耗和接收线圈的损耗。
无线电能传输过程中,无线充电设备可以定时或每隔预设周期检测当前时刻的功率损耗,当功率损耗大于功率阈值并且持续预设时间超过时间阈值时,则确定无线充电设备和电子设备之间存在金属异物,并停止当前的电能传输,从而避免磁场能量在金属异物上产生大量热量带来的安全隐患。
发射端101的功率损耗需要采用无线充电空间范围内的发射端101的线圈电阻来间接获得;接收端102的损耗功率需要采用无线充电空间范围内的接收端102的线圈电阻来间 接获得。但是,发射端101的线圈电阻和接收端102的线圈电阻的数值随发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置不同而变化。即发射线圈和接收线圈处于不同的相对位置的情况下,发射端101的线圈电阻和接收端102的线圈电阻的数值不相同。可见,根据功率等级划分的线性拟合方法会使计算出的发射端101的功率损耗和接收端102的功率损耗存在较大误差。下面以发射端101的线圈电阻为例,进行具体说明。
参见图2,该图为一种发射线圈的交流阻抗随相对位置的变化的示意图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为发射线圈的交流阻抗(单位:毫姆)。
如图2所示,发射线圈的交流阻抗随着发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置不同而变化。图中曲线A、曲线B和曲线C分别是竖直相对位置为3.6mm、4.6mm和5.6mm时,发射线圈的交流阻抗随水平相对位置的变化曲线。
从图中可以看出,发射线圈的交流阻抗的误差最大可以达到±30mΩ,无线充电设备给电子设备进行无线充电时,发射线圈的电流会大于5A,可见,仅发射端101的功率损耗一项的计算误差即可达到750mW。而符合安全规定的条件下,金属异物上的最大功率损耗仅为900mW。因此,竖直相对位置和水平相对位置较大时,难以保证异物检测的准确度,不能有效避免金属异物产生的大量热量带来的安全隐患。
Q值法:
Q值法检测无线充电设备与电子设备之间的金属异物时,可以包括如下步骤:
步骤1:检测发射端101的Q值。
参见图3,该图为一种Q值检测电路的示意图。
该Q值检测电路包括电感L coil、电阻R coil以及电容C1。其中,Q值的定义为下式:
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000001
其中,f为电感L coil、电阻R coil以及电容C1组成的谐振网络的谐振频率,L coil为电感,R coil为电阻。
发射线圈和接收线圈之间或者附近存在金属异物时,会使电感L coil、电阻R coil的值发生变化,根据Q值的定义公式可知,Q值也会相应变化。
获取Q值的具体过程可以为:施加激励给电容C1充电,然后控制AC1端与AC2端接地,使存储在电容C1中的电能释放,检测电容C1两端的电压Vcap,获取电压Vcap的振荡衰减波形图。
如图4所示,该图为一种电压Vcap的振荡衰减曲线图。
其中,横坐标为时间,纵坐标为电压。根据该图可以通过如下公式计算Q值:
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000002
其中,t 1和v 1为图中振荡衰减曲线上的任一波峰点D对应的坐标,t 2和v 2为图中振荡衰减曲线上的波峰点E对应的坐标,点D与点E是相邻的两个波峰点,f 0为谐振频率,f 0可以通过点D和点E之间的电压Vcap的振荡衰减曲线的过零次数和点D和点E之间的时间 间隔计算得到。此外,还可以在图中的振荡衰减曲线上任两个相邻的波谷点的坐标,f 0可以通过任两个相邻的波谷点之间的电压Vcap的振荡衰减曲线的过零次数和任两个相邻的波谷点之间的时间间隔计算得到。
步骤2:判断发射端101的Q值是否大于Q值阈值;若是,则执行步骤3;若否,则执行步骤4。
步骤3:根据发射端101的Q值,对发射端101的功率损耗进行修正;基于修正后的发射端101的功率损耗,通过上述功率损耗法,计算功率损耗;判断功率损耗P loss在预设时间段内是否大于预设阈值时;若是,则执行步骤5;若否,则执行步骤4。
步骤4:确定无线充电设备与电子设备之间存在金属异物。
步骤5:确定无线充电设备与电子设备之间不存在金属异物,开始电能传输。
但是,在步骤1和步骤2中,除了金属异物的存在会影响发射端101的Q值外,发射端101的Q值还会受到发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的影响,即发射线圈和接收线圈处于不同的相对位置的情况下,发射端101的Q值不同。
参见图5,该图为一种发射端的Q值随相对位置的变化的示意图。
其中,横坐标水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为发射端101的Q值。
图中曲线F、曲线G和曲线H分别是竖直相对位置为3.6mm时,对应的以下三种情况时发射端101的Q值的变化曲线:
没有金属异物时、金属异物距发射线圈中心的距离为15mm时以及金属异物距发射线圈中心的距离为25mm。
图中虚线I为Q值阈值对应的直线。可见,当金属异物距发射线圈中心的距离为25mm或更远时,发射端101的Q值一直高于Q值阈值,因此,通过Q值法无法准确检测出异物。
此外,当金属异物距发射线圈中心的距离为25mm或更远时,在步骤1和步骤2中没有检测出金属异物后,进入步骤3。步骤3中会对发射端101的功率损耗进行修正。然后,执行步骤5,开始电能传输,进入电能传输后不再对发射端101的Q值进行检测,金属异物产生的涡流损耗将被作为发射端101的正常功率损耗。因此,竖直相对位置和水平相对位置较大时,难以保证异物检测的准确度,不能有效避免金属异物产生的大量热量带来的安全隐患。
随着无线充电设备与电子设备之间的无线充电功率逐渐攀升,对异物检测的精确度要求也要相应的提高,以上介绍的功率损耗法中和Q值法均难以达到异物检测的要求。
功率损耗法中,发射端101的功率损耗所使用的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收端102的功率损耗所使用的接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数,受发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的影响。因此,当发射端101和接收端102的之间所处的相对位置为不确定时,用单一的发射端101的线圈电阻和接收端102的线圈电阻等参数获得功率损耗,会出现异物检测的结果不准确的问题。甚至,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对发射线圈的交流阻抗,以及接收线圈的交流阻抗的影响可能会大于金属异物的影响。
Q值法中,发射端101的Q值等参数也受发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的影响。因此,当发射端101和接收端102的之间所处的相对位置为不确定时,用单一的发 射端101的Q值进行异物检测,会出现异物检测的结果不准确的问题。甚至,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对发射端101的Q值的影响可能会大于金属异物的影响。
因此,以上介绍的功率损耗法中和Q值法均会导致无法判断异物是否存在。
本申请实施例中,为了提高异物检测的精确度,检测无线充电设备和电子设备之间的异物之前,预先对无线充电设备和电子设备之间的相对位置进行检测,降低发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的对功率损耗法所涉及的各个参数的影响,以及Q值法中所涉及的各个参数的影响,提高异物检测的精确度。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案,下面结合附图进行具体介绍。
装置实施例一:
参见图6,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电装置的示意图。
该无线充电装置包括发射端或接收端100。
发射端101包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈。
接收端102包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路,接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈。
接收端102还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生。
该装置还包括:控制器200。
控制器200还用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。其中,辅助线圈位于无线充电装置的接收端102。
其中,发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置为发射线圈的圆心与接收线圈的圆心的在空间上的偏移。
申请人经研究发现,无线充电装置包括的以下参数均随发射端101与接收端102的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
下面详细介绍本申请实施例中无线充电装置如何获取发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
本申请实施例中无线充电装置的控制器200获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式:
第一种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,或根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感确定水平相对位置。后续进行详细介绍。其中,竖直相对位置指发射线圈的圆心与接收线圈 的圆心在空间竖直方向上形成的高度差,水平相对位置指发射线圈的圆心与接收线圈的圆心在空间水平方向上形成的距离差。
第二种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置:
充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。
下面以控制器200根据发射线圈的自感和充电之前的耦合系数获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置为例,进行详细介绍。
可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置之间的三维对应关系,控制器200获得发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数后,从三维对应关系中获得发射线圈的自感和耦合系数对应的相对位置。
控制器200根据发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得相对位置的原理与上述过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数均会受到发射端101与接收端102之间的相对位置的影响。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,控制器获得发射线圈的自感以及耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感以及耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,控制器200还可以通过发射线圈的自感以及线圈互感确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
下面具体介绍上述第一种方式:
下面介绍控制器200如何根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置。
控制器200根据发射线圈的自感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置的过程如下:
参见图7,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的自感随发射端与接收端之间的相对位置变化的等势图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为竖直相对位置(单位:毫米)。
图中曲线I1-I4分别为发射线圈的自感为6.8uH、7.2uH、7.6uH和8.0uH的等势线。
从图中可以看出,发射线圈的自感随水平相对位置变化较小,随竖直相对位置变化较大,因此,可以通过发射线圈的自感获取竖直相对位置。
可以预先获得发射线圈的自感和竖直相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。获得发射线圈的自感后,从对应关系中获取发射线圈的自感对应的竖直相对位置。其中,控制器200,还用于根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。
下面介绍如何根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获取发射线圈的自感。
参见图8,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种谐振参数检测电路的示意图。
发射端101的逆变电路DC/AC包括开关管S1-S4形成的全桥电路。全桥电路包括并联 的两个桥臂,第一桥臂包括串联的S1和S2,其中S1是第一桥臂的上管,S2是第一桥臂的下管。第二桥臂包括串联的S3和S4,其中,S3是第二桥臂的上管,S4是第二桥臂的下管。
发射端谐振网络包括电容C 1和发射线圈L 1
控制器200给发射端101的全桥电路的输入端提供直流电压,开启S1和S4,关断S2和S3,给C 1充电,以使C 1存储能量。
控制器200判断电路达到稳定状态后,关断S1,开启S2。C 1存储的能量会在L 1、C 1形成的谐振电路、及S2和S4构成的回路中释放,通过检测C 1和L 1之间的电压变化,获得电压振荡曲线,通过振荡曲线即可得到谐振频率f 0
参见图9,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电压振荡曲线的示意图。
其中,横坐标为时间(单位:微秒),纵坐标为电压(单位:伏特)。
通过振荡曲线获得谐振频率f 0的具体原理与上述Q值法中获取谐振频率的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
获得谐振频率f 0后,根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。可以通过如下计算公式获取发射线圈的自感L 1
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000003
其中,C 1为电容且已知,L 1为发射线圈的自感,f 0为谐振频率。
控制器200获得发射线圈的自感L 1后,可以结合图7中发射线圈的自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系,获得发射端101与接收端102之间的竖直相对位置。
下面以控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置为例,进行详细说明。
控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图10,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和辅助线圈以及接收线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数随水平相对位置变化的曲线图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为耦合系数,该曲线为竖直相对位置为4毫米时测得。图中曲线J1为发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数的变化曲线,J2为接收线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数的变化曲线。从图中可以看出,接收线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数随水平相对位置的变化较小;而发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数随水平相对位置的变化较大。发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数与水平相对位置正相关,水平相对位置越大,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数越大。因此,控制器200可以通过发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置。
可以预先获得线圈互感与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。控制器200获得线圈互感后,从对应关系中获得该线圈互感对应的水平相对位置。
参见图11,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种辅助线圈的示意图。
从图中可以看出,该辅助线圈为一种两匝形式的辅助线圈。为了减小辅助线圈与接收 线圈之间的耦合,提高控制器200获得水平相对位置的精确度。控制接收线圈的电流产生的磁场通过辅助线圈两匝所覆盖的区域内的磁通量接近于零,无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,辅助线圈的直流输出电压由发射线圈的电流控制,而不受接收线圈的电流的影响。进一步的提高了控制器200获得水平相对位置的精确度。
控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置的过程与上述控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置的过程相类似,控制器200在获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以获取发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感与水平相对位置正相关,水平相对位置越大,发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感越大。因此,控制器200可以通过发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置。
此外,控制器200还可以控制发射线圈的电流不变的情况下,获得辅助线圈的直流输出电压,根据直流输出电压获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间耦合情况,进而获得水平相对位置,其中,控制发射线圈的电流在预设电流区间内时,即视为电流不变。
下面详细介绍控制器200如何获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数。
参见图12,该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种耦合系数检测电路的示意图。
该耦合系数检测电路包括图8中所示的发射端101。
接收端102包括接收线圈的自感L 3
控制器200给发射端101全桥电路的输入端提供直流电压,使全桥处于逆变工作的状态,控制接收端102处于空载状态,获得辅助线圈的直流输出电压和发射线圈的电流,根据发射线圈的电流、辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率、发射线圈的自感和辅助线圈的自感获得至少一项参数中的耦合系数,可以通过如下计算公式获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数:
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000004
其中,V ac3为辅助线圈的直流输出电压,I 1为发射线圈的电流,ω为工作频率且已知,L 1发射线圈的自感,L 3辅助线圈的自感,β为系数且可以通过实验得到,β可以通过测量当前发射线圈的自感L 1与单独发射端时发射线圈的自感的比值得到。
控制器200获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数后,根据接收端处于空载状态时对应的发射线圈电流、辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率获得至少一项参数中的线圈互感,可以通过如下计算公式获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感M 2
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000005
其中,V ac3为辅助线圈的直流输出电压,I 1为发射线圈的电流,ω为工作频率且已知。
上述发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数的计算公式中,β可以通过实验测得,本领域技术人员还可以为了进一步提高检测耦合系数的准确度,对β的数值进行修正。
控制器200确定水平相对位置的过程中,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的实际应用选 择一下一种或多种参数:发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。当选用多种参数时,可以是控制器200分别根据每个参数确定水平相对位置后,控制器200根据每个参数确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。例如:当控制器200选用耦合系数和线圈互感确定水平相对位置时,控制器200可以根据耦合系数确定的水平相对位置和线圈互感确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。本实施例中并限定获取耦合系数和线圈互感的先后顺序,可以是同时获得,也可以是先后获得。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数受发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置影响较大,而受竖直相对位置影响较小。因此,控制器200可以预先获得耦合系数和水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的对应关系,通过耦合系数获得水平相对位。控制器200还可以根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
本实施例中,控制器200可以是发射端控制器,也可以是接收端控制器。当控制器200为发射端控制器时,接收端获得的参数,可以由接收端控制器发送给发射端控制器。例如:接收端获得的接收端的直流输出电压可以由接收端控制器发送给发射端控制器。当控制器200为接收端控制器时,发射端获得的参数可以由发射端控制器发送给接收端控制器。即获得相对位置可以是发射端来完成,也可以是接收端来完成,本实施例不做限定。
以上装置实施例一中介绍的是如何获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置,下面结合获得的相对位置,介绍异物检测的过程。
该无线充电装置进行异物检测的过程中,所需要的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗,以及发射端101的Q值等参数均会受到发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置的影响。当发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置偏差比较大时,相对位置产生的影响会大于发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗以及发射端101的Q值等参数对异物检测的影响,会出现即使发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物,但该无线充电装置却无法检测出异物的情况。因此,需要确定发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置后,无线充电装置再进行异物检测,可以提高异物检测的精确度。以下共分为三种情况,分别为:装置实施例二、装置实施例三和装置实施例四。如上述控制器200可以是发射端控制器,也可以是接收端控制器,进行异物检测可以是发射端来完成,也可以是接收端来完成,以下实施例中不做限定。
下面介绍的是装置实施例二。
装置实施例二:
结合本申请的装置实施例一,本申请的装置实施例二中提供了又一种无线充电装置。 该无线充电装置的控制器200还用于根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗,根据发射端101的输入功率和发射端101的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端102的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物。
控制器200可以采用本申请的装置实施例一中介绍的内容,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置,此处不再赘述。
此外,控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的过程中,金属异物可能会影响到控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的准确度,尤其是金属异物位于发射端101的中心部位时。因此,可以在控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置之前,先通过获得发射端101的Q值,进而判断发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在距离发射端101的中心部位较近的或者较大的金属异物。具体的,可以预先获得最小Q阈值,若获得的发射端101的Q值小于最小Q阈值,可直接判断发射端101和接收端102之间存在金属异物,提高了异物检测的效率。
参见图13,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的交流阻抗随相对位置变化的等势图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为竖直相对位置(单位:毫米),图中虚线的交点为已知水平相对位置和竖直相对位置,且确定发射端101和接收端102之间无异物时的发射线圈的交流阻抗。从图中可以看出,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置会影响到发射线圈的交流阻抗。因此,需要在异物检测之前,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。然后控制器200根据该相对位置,获得该相对位置下的发射线圈的交流阻抗。以便于控制器200根据充电过程中发射线圈的电流和获得的发射线圈的交流阻抗获得发射端101的功率损耗。
可以预先获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与发射线圈的交流阻抗的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。结合预先获得的对应关系,控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,从对应关系中获取该相对位置对应的发射线圈的交流阻抗。
此外,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置还影响接收线圈的交流阻抗,相似的,可以预先获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与接收线圈的交流阻抗的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。结合预先获得的对应关系,控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,从对应关系中获取该相对位置对应的接收线圈的交流阻抗。
控制器200获得异物损耗的过程与上述功率损耗法中的获得功率损耗的过程相似,先获得发射端101的发射功率和接收端102的接收功率,然后根据发射功率和接收功率的差值获得异物损耗。而不同之处在于:获得发射功率和接收功率的过程。
下面介绍控制器200获得发射功率的过程与上述功率损耗法中的区别:
上述功率损耗法中计算发射功率时,是通过发射端101的输入功率和发射端101的功 率损耗确定的,而发射端101的功率损耗是采用无线充电空间范围内的发射端101的线圈电阻和充电过程中发射线圈的电流确定的,但是发射端101的线圈电阻的误差较大,根据功率等级划分的线性拟合方法会使计算出的发射端101的功率损耗也存在较大的误差。
因此,本申请的装置实施例二中,控制器200先获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对应的接收线圈的交流阻抗,再通过该接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗。由于,发射线圈的交流阻抗是控制器200通过发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置获得的,发射线圈的交流阻抗的误差较小,控制器200获得发射端101的功率损耗的误差也相对减小,因此,可以减小获得的发射功率的误差。
下面介绍控制器200获得接收功率的过程与上述功率损耗法中的区别:
上述功率损耗法中计算接收功率时,是通过接收端102的输出功率和接收端102的功率损耗确定的,而接收端102的功率损耗是采用无线充电空间范围内的接收端102的线圈电阻和充电过程中接收线圈的电流确定的。但是接收端102的线圈电阻的会存在误差。
因此,为了进一步的提高控制器200获得异物损耗的精确度,控制器200可以根据预先获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与接收线圈的交流阻抗的对应关系,获取误差较小的接收线圈的交流阻抗,利用误差较小的接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流计算接收端102的功率损耗,计算的接收功率的误差也会较小,进而获得的异物损耗的误差也会较小,从而提高获得的异物损耗的精确度。
虽然接收端102的线圈电阻的会存在误差,考虑到接收线圈的交流阻抗对计算接收端102的功率损耗的影响较小,进而对计算接收功率损耗的影响也会较小。
因此,为了进一步的提高控制器200获得功率损耗的效率,控制器200可以将接收端102的线圈电阻直接作为接收线圈的交流阻抗,简化了获得接收功率的流程,从而提高获得接收功率的效率。
控制器200获得发射功率和接收功率后,根据发射功率和接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确认发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物。
本申请实施例中,控制器200根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗,由于发射线圈的交流阻抗是根据发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置获取的,而不是直接将发射端101的线圈电阻作为发射端101的交流阻抗,降低了控制器200获得发射端101的交流阻抗的误差,进而降低了发射端101的功率损耗的误差,进一步降低了发射功率的误差;同时,控制器200根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端102的功率损耗,根据接收端102的功率损耗和接收端102的输出功率获得接收端102的接收功率,进一步降低了接收功率的误差。控制器200根据误差较低的发射功率和误差较低的接收功率获得异物损耗,进而异物损耗的误差也会较低,进一步提高了异物检测的精确度。
下面介绍的是装置实施例三。
装置实施例三:
结合本申请的装置实施例一,本申请的装置实施例三中提供了再一种无线充电装置。
该无线充电装置的控制器200还用于获得发射端101的Q值,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值,当发射端101的Q值小于等于Q值阈值时,确定发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物。控制器200获得发射端101的Q值的过程与上述Q值法中获得Q值的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
下面详细介绍控制器200用于根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值的过程。
参见图14,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无异物时发射端Q值随相对位置变化的等势图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为竖直相对位置(单位:毫米),图中虚线的交点为已知水平相对位置和竖直相对位置,且确定发射端101和接收端102之间无异物时的发射线端101的Q值。从图中可以看出,发射端101和接收端102之间无异物时,不同的相对位置对应的发射端101的Q值不同。因此,可以检测发射端101和接收端102之间无异物时,当前相对位置的发射端101的Q值,并将该Q值作为当前相对位置下对应的Q值阈值。为了进一步提高设定的Q值阈值的准确度,以及降低检测的误差,还可以对检测后发射端101的Q值进行修正,将修正后的发射端101的Q值作为Q值阈值。
可以预先获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与Q值阈值的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。结合预先获得的对应关系,控制器200获得相对位置后,从对应关系中获得相对位置对应的Q值阈值。
控制器200获得当前相对位置时的Q值阈值后,若发射端101的Q值小于等于Q值阈值时,则可以确定在发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物。正是因为该异物的存在,该异物产生的涡轮损耗导致发射端101的Q值降低。
若发射端101的Q值大于Q值阈值时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗,根据发射端101的输入功率和发射端101的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端102的接收频率,获得发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差,根据功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗。控制器200获得异物损耗的过程与本申请的装置实施例二中介绍的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。本申请装置实施例三中控制器200获取异物损耗与本申请装置实施例二不同之处在于,利用发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗。其中,根据功率差进行功耗校准是比较成熟的技术,此处不再详细介绍功耗校准的过程。
控制器200获得异物损耗后,若异物损耗大于功率阈值时,则可以确定在发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物,正是因为该异物的存在,该异物产生了涡轮损耗导致异物损耗高于正常值,进而会大于功率阈值。
本申请实施例中,避免了获得的发射端101的Q值均与同一个Q值阈值相比较的情况。控制器200将发射端101和接收端102之间无异物时,获得的发射端101的Q值,作为该水平相对位置和竖直相对位置情况下的Q值阈值。即不同的相对位置对应的Q值阈值不同。 控制器200根据相对位置获得该相对位置时的Q值阈值,并将发射端101的Q值与该相对位置时的Q值阈值进行比较,提高了异物检测的精确度;通过Q值法没有检测出异物时,控制器200根据该相对位置获得该相对位置的发射端101的交流阻抗,而不是发射端101的线圈阻抗。不同的相对位置对应的发射端101的交流阻抗不同,采用误差较小的发射端101的交流阻抗,提高获得发射端101的功率损耗的精确度,进而获得的异物损耗的误差较小,进一步提高异物检测的精确度。
下面介绍的是装置实施例四。
装置实施例四:
结合本申请的装置实施例一,本申请的装置实施例四中提供了另一种无线充电装置。
参见图15,该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电装置的示意图。
该无线充电装置还包括驱动装置300。
控制器200还用于在确定发射端101和接收端102存在异物之前,根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置控制驱动装置300驱动发射线圈移动,以使发射线圈与接收端102的接收线圈对位。
下面详细介绍控制器200控制驱动装置300驱动发射线圈与接收线圈对位的过程。
控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,控制器200可以向驱动装置300发送指令,控制驱动装置300根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置驱动发射线圈移动,以减小发射线圈和接收线圈之间的相对位置的偏差,使发射线圈和接收线圈尽量中心对正。
控制器200控制驱动装置300将发射线圈和接收线圈中心对正后,再通过Q值法或功率损耗法进行异物检测。
发射线圈和接收线圈对正后,通过Q值法进行异物检测分为两种方式。
下面介绍第一种方式。控制器200控制驱动装置300对位过程中,可能会存在较小的误差,可能会无法保证发射线圈和接收线圈中心完全对正。因此,为了进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在异物的精确度,控制器200还可以获得发射端101的Q值后,根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,将发射端101的Q值与Q值对位后阈值进行比较。进而,避免了对位过程中产生的较小误差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在异物的精确度。
下面介绍第二种方式。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈中心已经接近对正,可以不考虑发射线圈和接收线圈之间的相对位置对Q值法进行异物检测的影响。因此,控制器200还可以直接将发射端101的Q值与统一标定的Q值对位后阈值进行比较,无需根据发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与Q值对位后阈值的对应关系,再从对应关系中获得该相对位置对应的Q值对位后阈值,然后将发射端101的Q值和该相对位置对应的Q值对位后阈值进行比较。简化获得Q值对位后阈值的流程,简化Q值法的判断步骤,进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101 和接收端102之间是否存在异物的效率。
发射线圈和接收线圈对正后,通过功率损耗法进行异物检测分为两种方式。下面介绍第一种。
控制器200控制驱动装置300对位过程中,可能会存在较小的误差,可能会无法保证发射线圈和接收线圈中心完全对正。因此,为了进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在异物的精确度,控制器200还可以根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得对位后的发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据对位后的发射线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗,进而,避免了对位过程中产生的较小误差对异物检测造成的影响,进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在异物的精确度。
下面介绍第二种。
由于发射线圈和接收线圈中心已经接近对正,因此,可以不考虑发射线圈和接收线圈之间的相对位置对功率损耗法进行异物检测的影响。因此,控制器200获得发射端101的功率损耗时,还可以直接将发射端101的线圈电阻直接作为发射线圈的交流阻抗,无需根据发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置与发射线圈的交流阻抗的对应关系,再从对应关系中获取当前相对位置对应的发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的电流获得发射端101的功率损耗。简化获得发射端101的功率损耗的流程,进而简化功率损耗法的判断流程,进一步的提高控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间是否存在异物的效率。
控制器200获得接收端102的功率损耗时与上述控制器200获得发射端101的功率损耗时的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中,控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,可以根据该相对位置控制驱动装置300驱动发射线圈进行移动,使发射线圈和接收线圈的中心对正。由此,无需根据每一个相对位置设定一个该相对位置对应的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗。控制器200可以根据统一的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗进行异物检测。提高了异物检测的能力以及效率。
以上全部实施例中,介绍的是充电之前进行异物检测的过程,下面在本申请装置实施例五中详细介绍无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,如何进行异物检测。
装置实施例五:
若无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化,则控制器200根据原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测的误差是较大的,会出现控制器200误报异物或者有异物但无法检测出到的情况。
因此,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化。
无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化,则控制器200根据原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异 物检测的误差是较大的,会出现控制器200误报异物或者有异物但无法检测出到的情况。
因此,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化。
下面详细介绍控制器200如何确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200可以记录充电之前的发射线圈的自感、接收线圈的自感、发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数k和线圈互感M 2获得接收端102的辅助线圈的直流输出电压V ac3。无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时通过充电之前记录的参数计算接收端102的辅助线圈的直流输出电压。控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测接收端102的辅助线圈的直流输出电压,当计算的直流电压与检测的直流输出电压不一致时,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200还可以记录充电之前发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对应的耦合系数和线圈互感的对应关系。无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测的耦合系数或线圈互感,当功率传输阶段时检测到的耦合系数或线圈互感与充电之前记录的耦合系数或线圈互感的差异超过预设阈值时,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化后,停止功率传输,并重新确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。具体确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的过程与本申请的装置实施例一中的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
由于,控制器200判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化采用的参数为功率传输阶段时发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感,但是上述参数也会受到发射端101和接收端102之间的异物影响。因此,控制器200根据重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行比对,若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是一致的,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物;若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是不一致的,则按照本申请的装置实施例二、三或四中的过程,进行异物检测。
本申请实施例中,无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化,避免功率传输阶段出现发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化时,依然利用原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测,从而造成无法检测出异物或异物检测的精确度较差的情况。控制器200重新检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置,并根据重新检测的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行判断是否存在异物。有效的避免了无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后无法进行异物检测的情况,进一步提高了无线充电过程中异物检测的能力以及精确度。
此外,该无线充电装置的控制器200获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的过程还可以包括以下两种方式。下面分别在装置实施例六和装置实施例八中进行详细介绍。
装置实施例六:
该无线充电装置的控制器200还用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端101与接收端102之间的相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数,充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的线圈互感。
申请人经研究发现,无线充电装置包括的以下参数均随发射端101与接收端102的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
本申请实施例中无线充电装置的控制器200获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式:
第一种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置,或根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。控制器200根据发射线圈的自感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置的过程与本申请的装置实施例一中的过程类似,此处不再赘述。控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置,以及根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的具体过程,后续进行详细介绍。
第二种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的线圈互感。
下面以控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈的自感和发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置为例,进行详细介绍。
可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置之间的三维对应关系,控制器200获得发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数后,从三维对应关系中获得发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数对应的相对位置。
控制器200根据发射线圈的自感,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得相对位置的原理与上述过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数均会受到发射端101与接收端102之间的相对位置的影响。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,控制器200获得发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感以及耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,控制器200还可以通过发射线圈的自感以及线圈互感确定相对位置。 进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
下面具体介绍上述第一种方式:
控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图16,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数随相对位置变化的等势图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为竖直相对位置(单位:毫米),图中虚线L和虚线K分别为同一相对位置时获得的发射线圈的自感以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数。从图中可以看出,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数随竖直相对位置的变化较小,随水平相对位置的变化较大。发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数与水平相对位置负相关,水平相对位置越大,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数越小。因此,可以通过获得发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置。
可以预先获得耦合系数与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器。控制器200获得耦合系数后,从对应关系中获得该耦合系数对应的水平相对位置。
控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图17,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感随相对位置变化的等势图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为竖直相对位置(单位:毫米)。从图中可以看出,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感随竖直相对位置的变化较小,随水平相对位置的变化较大。发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感与水平相对位置负相关,水平相对位置越大,发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感越小。因此,可以通过获得发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。
可以预先获得线圈互感与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。控制器200获得线圈互感后,从对应关系中获得该线圈互感对应的水平相对位置。
下面详细介绍控制器200如何获取发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
参见图18,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种耦合系数检测电路的示意图。
该耦合系数检测电路包括图8中所示的发射端101。
该耦合系数检测电路的接收端102包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路。
接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈L 2
控制器200给发射端101全桥电路的输入端提供直流电压,使全桥处于逆变工作的状态,控制接收端102处于空载状态,获得整流电路输出的直流电压和发射线圈的电流,可以通过如下计算公式获得发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数:
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000006
其中,V rect为整流电路输出的直流电压,I 1为发射线圈的电流,ω为工作频率且已知,α为系数且可以通过实验得到,发射线圈的自感L 1和接收线圈的自感L 2之间存在预设的比例系数,获得发射线圈的自感L 1后可以通过预设的比例系数直接获得接收线圈的自感L 2
控制器200获得发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以通过如下计算公式获得发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感M 1
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000007
其中,V rect为整流电路输出的直流电压,I 1为发射线圈的电流,ω为工作频率且已知,α为系数且可以通过实验得到。
上述发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感的计算公式中,α可以通过实验测得,为了降低检测耦合系数过程中电路中产生的谐波等因素的影响,可以将α设置为
Figure PCTCN2020086548-appb-000008
本领域技术人员还可以为了进一步提高检测耦合系数的准确度,对α的数值进行修正。
控制器200确定水平相对位置的过程中,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的实际应用选择一下一种或多种参数:发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。当选用多种参数时,可以是控制器200分别根据每个参数确定水平相对位置后,控制器200根据每个参数确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。例如:当控制器200选用耦合系数和线圈互感确定水平相对位置时,控制器200可以根据耦合系数确定的水平相对位置和线圈互感确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置。充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数受发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置影响较大,而受竖直相对位置影响较小。因此,控制器200可以预先获得充电之前耦合系数和水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的对应关系,通过充电之前耦合系数获得水平相对位置。控制器200还可以根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
通过上述装置实施例六获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,进行充电之前的异物检测。下面在本申请装置实施例七中详细介绍无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,如何进行异物检测。
装置实施例七:
若无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化,则控制器200根据原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测的误差是较大的,会出现控制器200误报异物或者有异物但无法检测出到的情况。
因此,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置 是否发生变化。
下面详细介绍控制器200如何确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200可以记录充电之前的发射线圈的自感、接收线圈的自感、发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数k和线圈互感M 1获得接收端102的整流电路输出的直流电压V rect。无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时通过充电之前记录的参数计算接收端102整流电路输出的直流电压。控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测接收端102的整流电路输出的直流电压,当计算的直流电压与检测的直流电压不一致时,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200还可以记录充电之前发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对应的耦合系数和线圈互感的对应关系。无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测的耦合系数或线圈互感,当功率传输阶段时检测到的耦合系数或线圈互感与充电之前记录的耦合系数或线圈互感的差异超过预设阈值时,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化后,停止功率传输,并重新确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。具体确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的过程与本申请的装置实施例六中的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
由于,控制器200判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化采用的参数为功率传输阶段时发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感,但是上述参数也会受到发射端101和接收端102之间的异物影响。因此,控制器200根据重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行比对,若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是一致的,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物;若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是不一致的,则按照本申请的装置实施例二、三或四中的过程,进行异物检测。
本申请实施例中,无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化,避免功率传输阶段出现发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化时,依然利用原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测,从而造成无法检测出异物或异物检测的精确度较差的情况。控制器200重新检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置,并根据重新检测的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行判断是否存在异物。有效的避免了无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后无法进行异物检测的情况,进一步提高了无线充电过程中异物检测的能力以及精确度。
装置实施例八:
该无线充电装置的控制器200还用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈的电流、发射端101和接收端102形成的无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压。
其中,发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置为发射线圈的圆心与接收线圈的圆心的在空间上的偏移。
申请人经研究发现,无线充电装置包括的以下参数均随发射端101与接收端102的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈的自感、发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
下面详细介绍本申请实施例中无线充电装置如何获取发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
本申请实施例中无线充电装置的控制器200获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式:
第一种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102直流输出电压获得水平相对位置。控制器200根据发射线圈的自感获得发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置的过程与本申请的装置实施例一中的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102直流输出电压获得水平相对位置的具体过程,后续进行详细介绍。
第二种:控制器200用于根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端101与接收端102之间的相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈的电流、发射端101和接收端102形成的无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压。
下面以控制器200根据发射线圈的自感和充电之前发射线圈的电流获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置为例,进行详细介绍。
可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、发射线圈的电流和相对位置之间的三维对应关系,控制器200获得发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流后,从三维对应关系中获得发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流对应的相对位置。
控制器200根据发射线圈的自感和充电之前无线充电系统的效率,以及根据发射线圈的自感和接收端102直流输出电压获得相对位置的原理与上述过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感和充电之前发射线圈的电流均会受到发射端101与接收端102之间的相对位置的影响。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈的电流和相对位置三者之间的三维对应关系。结合三维对应关系,控制器200获得发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流后,可以确定发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,控制器200还可以通过发射线圈的自感和充电之前无线充电系统的效率确定相对位置;还可以通过发射线圈的自感和充电之前接收端102的直流输出电压确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
下面具体介绍上述第一种方式:
下面介绍控制器200如何根据充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压获得水平相对位置。
控制器200还用于根据充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置。
控制器200根据充电之前发射线圈的电流获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图19,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的电流随水平相对位置的变化曲线图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为发射线圈的电流(单位:安培)。从图中可以看出,同一竖直相对位置的情况下,且固定接收端102的直流输出电压后,发射线圈的电流与水平相对位置成正相关,也就是说,水平相对位置越大,发射线圈的电流也就越大。因此,可以通过测量发射线圈的电流获得水平相对位置。
可以预先获得发射线圈的电流与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。控制器200控制接收端102的直流输出电压固定不变时,获得发射线圈的电流,从对应关系中获得发射线圈的电流对应的水平相对位置。其中,控制直流输出电压在预设电压区间内时,即视为直流输出电压固定不变。
控制器200根据充电之前无线充电系统的效率获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图20,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的效率随水平相对位置的变化曲线图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为无线充电系统的效率。从图中可以看出,同一竖直相对位置的情况下,且固定接收端102的直流输出电压后,无线充电系统的效率随着水平相对位置成负相关,也就是说,水平相对位置越大,无线充电系统的效率也就越低。因此,可以通过计算无线充电系统的效率获取水平相对位置。
可以预先获得无线充电系统的效率与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。控制器200控制接收端102的直流输出电压固定不变时,通过获得无线充电系统的效率,从对应关系中获得无线充电系统的效率对应的水平相对位置。其中,控制直流输出电压在预设电压区间内时,即视为直流输出电压固定不变,无线充电系统的效率可以通过接收端102的输出功率与发射端101的输入功率的比值得到。
控制器200根据充电之前接收端102的直流输出电压获得发射端101和接收端102之间的水平相对位置的过程如下:
参见图21,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种接收端的直流输出电压随水平相对位置的变化曲线图。
其中,横坐标为水平相对位置(单位:毫米),纵坐标为接收端的直流输出电压(单位:伏特)。从图中可以看出,同一竖直相对位置的情况下,且固定发射线圈的电流后,接收端102的直流输出电压与水平相对位置成负相关,也就是说,水位相对位置越大,接收端102 的直流输出电压也就越小。因此,可以通过计算接收端102的直流输出电压获取水平相对位置。
可以预先获得接收端102的直流输出电压与水平相对位置之间的对应关系,具体可以通过实验获得,形成数据保存在控制器200中。控制器200控制发射线圈的电流固定不变,获得接收端102的直流输出电压,从对应关系中获得接收端102的直流输出电压对应的水平相对位置。其中,控制发射线圈的电流在预设电流区间内时,即视为发射线圈的电流固定不变。
控制器200确定水平相对位置的过程中,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的实际应用选择以下一种或多种参数:充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压中。当选用多种参数时,可以是控制器200分别根据每个参数确定水平相对位置后,控制器200根据每个参数确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。例如:当控制器200选用充电之前发射线圈的电流和无线充电系统的效率确定水平相对位置时,控制器200可以根据充电之前发射线圈的电流确定的水平相对位置和充电之前无线充电系统的效率确定的水平相对位置进行互相校验。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端101和接收端102之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器200可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端102的直流输出电压均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,控制器200可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器200预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
通过上述装置实施例八获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置后,进行充电之前的异物检测。下面在本申请装置实施例九中详细介绍无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,如何进行异物检测。
装置实施例九:
若无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化,则控制器200根据原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测的误差是较大的,会出现控制器200误报异物或者有异物但无法检测出到的情况。
因此,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化。
下面详细介绍控制器200如何确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200根据充电之前与功率传输阶段时发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或 接收端102的直流输出电压,判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化。下面以控制器200根据充电之前与功率传输阶段时发射线圈的电流,判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化为例,进行具体说明。
控制器200可以记录充电之前的发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置对应的发射线圈的电流。无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时获得的发射线圈的电流,当功率传输阶段时检测到的发射线圈的电流与充电之前发射线圈的电流的差值超过预设电流阈值时,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化。
控制器200根据充电之前与功率传输阶段时,无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压,判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化的过程与上述过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
控制器200确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化后,停止功率传输,并重新确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。具体确定发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置的过程与本申请的装置实施例八中的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。
由于,控制器200判断发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化采用的参数为功率传输阶段时发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端102的直流输出电压,但是上述参数也会受到发射端101和接收端102之间的异物影响。因此,控制器200根据重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行比对,若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是一致的,则确定发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物;若控制器200确定重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是不一致的,则按照本申请的装置实施例二、三或四中的过程,进行异物检测。
本申请实施例中,无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,控制器200每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置是否发生变化,避免功率传输阶段出现发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置发生变化时,依然利用原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测,从而造成无法检测出异物或异物检测的精确度较差的情况。控制器200重新检测发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置,并根据重新检测的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行判断是否存在异物。有效的避免了无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后无法进行异物检测的情况,进一步提高了无线充电过程中异物检测的能力以及精确度。
方法实施例一:
本申请的方法实施例一提供了一种位置检测的方法,应用于无线充电装置的发射端或接收端;发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈。接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生。
参见图22,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种位置检测的方法的流程图。
该位置检测的方法包括:
S100:获得发射线圈的自感;获得以下至少一项参数:充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈 之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
申请人经研究发现,以下参数均随发射端与接收端的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端101和接收端102之间的相对位置。
获得发射线圈的自感包括:在充电之前根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。其中,根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图8,此处不再赘述。
S200:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
本申请实施例中,获得发射端与接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式。
第一种:根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,或根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感确定水平相对位置。
根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图7,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图10,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图11,此处不再赘述。
获得发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感的过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图12,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数受发射端和接收端之间的水平相对位置影响较大,而受竖直相对位置影响较小。因此,可以预先获得耦合系数和水平相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过耦合系数获得水平相对位。还可以根据充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
第二种:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
具体获得过程与本申请装置实施例一中相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦 合系数均会受到发射端与接收端之间的相对位置的影响。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,获得发射线圈的自感以及充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感以及耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,还可以通过发射线圈的自感以及充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
此外,获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程还可以包括以下两种方式。下面分别在方法实施例二和方法实施例三中进行详细介绍。
方法实施例二:
参见图23,该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种位置检测的方法的流程图。
该位置检测的方法包括:
S10:获得发射线圈的自感;获得以下至少一项参数:充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
申请人经研究发现,以下参数均随发射端与接收端的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
获得发射线圈的自感包括:在充电之前根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。其中,根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图8,此处不再赘述。
获得发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例六以及图18,此处不再赘述。
S20:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
本申请实施例中,获得发射端与接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式。
第一种:根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置,或根据充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。
根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图7,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例六以及图16,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前发射线圈与接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例六以及图17,此处不再赘述。
获取发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感的过程可以参见本申请装置实施例六以及图18,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置。充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数受发射端和接收端之间的水平相对位置影响较大,而受竖直相对位置影响较小。因此,可以预先获得充电之前耦合系数和水平相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过充电之前耦合系数获得水平相对位。还可以根据充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
第二种:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;
至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数和线圈互感。
具体获得过程与本申请装置实施例六中相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数均会受到发射端与接收端之间的相对位置的影响。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数以及相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,获得发射线圈的自感,以及充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的耦合系数后,可以确定发射线圈的自感以及耦合系数对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,还可以通过发射线圈的自感以及充电之前发射线圈和接收线圈之间的线圈互感确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
下面介绍方法实施例三:
方法实施例三:
参见图23,该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种位置检测的方法的流程图。
该位置检测的方法包括:
S1:获得发射线圈的自感;获得以下至少一项参数:充电之前发射线圈的电流、发射端和接收端形成的无线充电系统的效率,以及接收端的直流输出电压。
申请人经研究发现,以下参数发射端与接收端的相对位置的变化而单一变化。以下参数包括:发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压。而无线充电装置进入无线电能传输之前,可以直接或间接获得:发射线圈的自感、发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压。然后根据预先获得的上述参数的变化与相对位置之间的关系,获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
获得发射线圈的自感包括:在充电之前根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感。其中,根据发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和发射端谐 振网络的谐振电容获得发射线圈的自感的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图8,此处不再赘述。
获得充电之前发射线圈的电流包括:控制接收端的直流输出电压固定不变,获得发射线圈的电流;其中,充电之前发射线圈的电流与水平相对位置正相关。控制直流输出电压在预设电压区间内时,即视为直流输出电压固定不变。
获得发射端和接收端形成的无线充电系统的效率包括:控制接收端的直流输出电压固定不变,获得无线充电系统的效率;其中,充电之前无线充电系统的效率与水平相对位置负相关。控制直流输出电压在预设电压区间内时,即视为直流输出电压固定不变。
获得接收端的直流输出电压包括:控制发射线圈的电流固定不变,获得接收端的直流输出电压;其中,充电之前接收端的直流输出电压与水平相对位置负相关。控制发射线圈的电流在预设电流区间内时,即视为电流固定不变。
S2:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压。
本申请实施例中,获得发射端与接收端之间的相对位置包括以下两种方式。
第一种:根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;根据充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线系统的效率或接收端的直流输出电压获得水平相对位置。
根据发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图7,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前发射线圈的电流获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图19,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前无线系统的效率获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一以及图20,此处不再赘述。
根据充电之前接收端的直流输出电压获得水平相对位置的具体过程可以参见本申请装置实施例一及图21,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率和接收端的直流输出电压均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端的直流输出电压分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈的电流、无线充电系统的效率或接收端的直流输出电压获得水平相对位置。竖直相对位置与水平相对位置获取的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。将竖直相对位置与水平相对位置组合,以获取发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的精确度。
第二种:根据发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得相对位置;至少一项参数包括:充电之前发射线圈的电流、发射端和接收端形成的无线充电系统的效 率和接收端的直流输出电压。
具体获得过程与本申请装置实施例八中相类似,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,由于发射线圈的自感和充电之前发射线圈的电流均会受到发射端与接收端之间的相对位置的影响。因此,可以预先获得发射线圈的自感、充电之前发射线圈的电流和相对位置三者之间的相互关系。结合相互关系,获得发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流后,可以确定发射线圈的自感和发射线圈的电流对应的相对位置;基于类似的原理,还可以通过发射线圈的自感和充电之前无线充电系统的效率确定相对位置;还可以通过发射线圈的自感和充电之前接收端的直流输出电压确定相对位置。进一步的提高了相对位置检测的效率。
以上方法实施例一、二和三中介绍的是如何获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置,下面结合获得的相对位置,介绍异物检测的过程。该无线充电装置进行异物检测的过程中,所需要的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗,以及发射端101的Q值等参数均会受到发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置的影响。当发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置偏差比较大时,相对位置产生的影响会大于发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗以及发射端101的Q值等参数对异物检测的影响,会出现即使发射端101和接收端102之间存在异物,但该无线充电装置却无法检测出异物的情况。因此,需要确定发射端101与接收端102之间相对位置后,无线充电装置再进行异物检测,可以提高异物检测的精确度。
以下共分为三种情况,分别为:方法实施例四、方法实施例五和方法实施例六。
下面介绍的是方法实施例四。
方法实施例四:
参见图25,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种异物检测的方法的流程图。
该异物检测方法包括:
S3:获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
其中,发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置。获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程可以参见本申请方法实施例一、二或三,此处不再赘述。
此外,获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程中,金属异物可能会影响到获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的准确度,尤其是金属异物位于发射端的中心部位时。因此,可以在确定发射端和接收端之间的相对位置之前,先通过获得发射端的Q值,进而判断发射端和接收端之间是否存在距离发射端的中心部位较近的或者较大的金属异物。具体的,可以预先获得最小Q阈值,若获得的发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值,可直接判断发射端和接收端之间存在金属异物,提高了异物检测的效率。
S4:根据相对位置,获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值 时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
根据相对位置,获得发射线圈的交流阻抗以及根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗的过程可以参见本申请装置实施例二,此处不再赘述。通过相对位置获取的发射线圈的交流阻抗的误差较小,计算的接收功率的误差也会较小,进而获得的异物损耗的误差也会较小,从而提高获得的异物损耗的精确度。
为了进一步的提高获得异物损耗的精确度,可以根据预先获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置与接收线圈的交流阻抗的对应关系,获取误差较小的接收线圈的交流阻抗,利用误差较小的接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流计算接收端的功率损耗,计算的接收功率的误差也会较小,进而获得的异物损耗的误差也会较小,从而提高获得的异物损耗的精确度。
虽然接收端的线圈电阻的会存在误差,考虑到接收线圈的交流阻抗对计算接收端的功率损耗的影响较小,进而对计算接收功率损耗的影响也会较小。
因此,为了进一步的提高控制器获得功率损耗的效率,可以将接收端的线圈电阻直接作为接收线圈的交流阻抗,简化了获得接收功率的流程,从而提高获得接收功率的效率。
本申请实施例中,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,由于发射线圈的交流阻抗是根据发射端和接收端之间的相对位置获取的,而不是直接将发射端的线圈电阻作为发射端的交流阻抗,降低了获得发射端的交流阻抗的误差,进而降低了发射端的功率损耗的误差,进一步降低了发射功率的误差;同时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中接收线圈的电流获得接收端的功率损耗,根据接收端的功率损耗和接收端的输出功率获得接收端的接收功率,进一步降低了接收功率的误差。根据误差较低的发射功率和误差较低的接收功率获得异物损耗,进而异物损耗的误差也会较低,进一步提高了异物检测的精确度。
下面介绍的是方法实施例五。
方法实施例五:
参见图26,该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种异物检测的方法的流程图。
该异物检测方法包括:
S30:获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;获得发射端的Q值。
其中,发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置。获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程可以参见本申请方法实施例一、二或三,此处不再赘述。
获得发射端的Q值的过程可以参见本申请装置实施例三,此处不再赘述。
获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置以及获得发射端的Q值的先后顺序并不限定,可以是先后获得,也可以是同时获得。
S40:根据相对位置获得Q值阈值;当发射端的Q值小于Q值阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
根据相对位置获得Q值阈值的过程可以参见本申请装置实施例三以及图13a,此处不 再赘述。
若发射端的Q值大于Q值阈值时,根据水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收频率,获得发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差,根据功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗。获得异物损耗的过程与本申请的方法实施例四中介绍的过程相类似,此处不再赘述。本申请方法实施例五中获取异物损耗与本申请方法实施例四不同之处在于,利用发射功率和接收功率之间的功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗。其中,根据功率差进行功耗校准是比较成熟的技术,此处不再详细介绍功耗校准的过程。
本申请实施例中,避免了获得的发射端的Q值均与同一个Q值阈值相比较的情况。将发射端和接收端之间无异物时,获得的发射端的Q值,作为该水平相对位置和竖直相对位置情况下的Q值阈值。即不同的相对位置对应的Q值阈值不同。根据相对位置获得该相对位置时的Q值阈值,并将发射端的Q值与该相对位置时的Q值阈值进行比较,提高了异物检测的精确度;通过Q值法没有检测出异物时,根据该相对位置获得该相对位置的发射端的交流阻抗,而不是发射端的线圈阻抗。不同的相对位置对应的发射端的交流阻抗不同,采用误差较小的发射端的交流阻抗,提高获得发射端的功率损耗的精确度,进而获得的异物损耗的误差较小,进一步提高异物检测的精确度。
下面介绍的是方法实施例六。
方法实施例六:
参见图27,该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种异物检测的方法的流程图。
该异物检测方法包括:
S300:获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置。
其中,发射端和接收端之间的相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置。获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程可以参见本申请方法实施例一、二或三,此处不再赘述。
S400:根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置控制发射线圈移动,以使发射线圈与接收端的接收线圈对位。
获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置后,根据竖直相对位置和水平相对位置驱动发射线圈移动,以减小发射线圈和接收线圈之间的相对位置的偏差,使发射线圈和接收线圈尽量中心对正。
S501:根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,当发射端的Q值小于等于Q值对位后阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,以及根据发射端的Q值与Q值对位后阈值的大小关系进行异物检测的过程参见本申请装置实施例四,此处不再赘述。
S502:根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗,根据发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗和充电过程中发射线圈的电流获得发射端的功率损耗,根 据发射端的输入功率和发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据发射功率和接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
根据对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗,以及根据对位后的交流阻抗间接获得的异物损耗与功率阈值的大小关系进行异物检测的过程参见本申请装置实施例四,此处不再赘述。
上述S501和S502是两个并列的步骤,可以任选其一进行异物检测,也可以选两个进行互相校验的异物检测。
在本申请实施例中,获得发射端和接收端之间的相对位置后,可以根据该相对位置驱动发射线圈进行移动,使发射线圈和接收线圈的中心对正。由此,无需根据每一个相对位置设定一个该相对位置对应的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗。可以根据统一的Q值阈值、接收线圈的交流阻抗和发射线圈的交流阻抗进行异物检测。提高了异物检测的能力以及效率。
以上全部实施例中,介绍的是充电之前进行异物检测的过程,下面在本申请方法实施例七中介绍无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,如何进行异物检测。
方法实施例七:
结合本申请的方法实施例一,本申请的方法实施例七中提供了再一种异物检测方法。
参见图28,该图为本申请实施例提供的再一种异物检测的方法的流程图。
该异物检测方法包括:
S6:每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端和接收端之间的相对位置是否发生变化。
若无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,发射端和接收端之间的相对位置发生变化,则根据原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测的误差是较大的,会出现误报异物或者有异物但无法检测出到的情况。
因此,需要每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端和接收端之间的相对位置是否发生变化。
检测发射端和接收端之间的相对位置是否发生变化的过程参见本申请的装置实施例五、七或九,此处不再赘述。
S7:若是,则重新确定发射端和接收端之间的相对位置;并判断重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是否一致;若是,则确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物。
由于,判断发射端和接收端之间的相对位置是否发生变化采用的参数均会受到发射端和接收端之间的异物影响。因此,根据重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行比对,若重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是一致的,则确定发射端和接收端之间存在异物;若重新确定的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置是不一致的,则按照本申请的方法实施例四、五或六中的过程,进行异物检测。
重新获取发射端和接收端之间的相对位置的过程参见本申请方法实施例一、二或三,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后,每隔预设周期或实时检测发射端和接收端之间的相对位置是否发生变化,避免功率传输阶段出现发射端和接收端之间的 相对位置发生变化时,依然利用原位置的发射线圈的交流阻抗和接收线圈的交流阻抗等参数进行异物检测,从而造成无法检测出异物或异物检测的精确度较差的情况。重新检测发射端和接收端之间的相对位置,并根据重新检测的相对位置与充电之前确定的相对位置进行判断是否存在异物。有效的避免了无线充电装置进入功率传输阶段后无法进行异物检测的情况,进一步提高了无线充电过程中异物检测的能力以及精确度。
系统实施例一:
本申请系统实施例一提供了一种无线充电系统,该无线充电系统包括上述装置实施例一至九中的任一种无线充电装置。
参见图29,该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的示意图。
当无线充电装置包括发射端101时,该无线充电系统还包括:接收端102。接收端102还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,辅助线圈两端的电压由发射线圈的电流产生。
则无线充电装置的控制器为发射端控制器,接收端102获得的参数可以通过接收端控制器发送给发射端控制器。例如:接收端控制器将接收端102的直流输出电压发送给发射端控制器。
当无线充电装置包括接收端102时,该无线充电系统还包括:发射端101。
则无线充电装置的控制器为接收端控制器,发射端101获得的参数可以通过发射端控制器发送给接收端控制器。例如:发射端控制器将发射线圈的电流发送给接收端控制器。
发射端101用于给接收端102进行无线充电。
本实施例中,发射线圈的自感受发射端和接收端之间的竖直相对位置变化的影响较大,而受水平相对位置变换的影响较小。因此,控制器可以预先获得发射线圈自感和竖直相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的对应关系,通过发射线圈的自感获得竖直相对位置;同一竖直相对位置时,充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感均与水平相对位置存在单一变化的关系。因此,控制器可以预先分别获得充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感分别与水平相对位置的对应关系。结合控制器预先获得的各自的对应关系,通过获得的充电之前发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及发射线圈和辅助线圈之间的线圈互感获得水平相对位置获得水平相对位置。控制器获得竖直相对位置和水平相对位置后,即可获得发射端与接收端之间的相对位置,进而控制器根据相对位置精确判断是否存在异物。
应当理解,在本申请中,“至少一个(项)”是指一个或者多个,“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”,用于描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,“A和/或B”可以表示:只存在A,只存在B以及同时存在A和B三种情况,其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达,是指这些项中的任意组合,包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如,a,b或c中的至少一项(个),可以表示:a,b,c,“a和b”,“a和c”,“b和c”,或“a和 b和c”,其中a,b,c可以是单个,也可以是多个。
以上所述,以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种无线充电装置,其特征在于,该装置包括发射端或接收端;所述发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,所述发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;所述接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;所述接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈;所述接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,所述辅助线圈两端的电压由所述发射线圈的电流产生;该装置还包括:控制器;
    所述控制器,用于根据所述发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置;
    所述至少一项参数包括:所述发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及,所述发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的线圈互感中的一项或两项。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,具体用于根据所述发射线圈的自感以及所述至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置;
    所述控制器,具体用于根据所述发射线圈的自感获得所述竖直相对位置;根据所述至少一项参数获得所述水平相对位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述接收线圈的电流获得所述接收端的功率损耗,根据所述接收端的功率损耗和所述接收端的输出功率获得所述接收端的接收功率。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于获得所述发射端的Q值,当所述发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物;所述最小Q阈值根据充电自由度范围内无异物时发射端的Q值来获得。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于获得所述发射端的Q值,根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值,当所述发射端的Q值小于等于所述Q值阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于当所述发射端的Q值大于所述Q值阈值时,根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率,获得所述发射功率和所述接收功率之间的功率差, 根据所述功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,还包括:驱动装置;
    所述控制器,还用于根据所述竖直相对位置和所述水平相对位置控制所述驱动装置驱动所述发射线圈移动,以使所述发射线圈与所述接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,当所述发射端的Q值小于等于所述Q值对位后阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,还包括:驱动装置;
    所述控制器,还用于根据所述竖直相对位置和所述水平相对位置控制所述驱动装置驱动所述发射线圈移动,以使所述发射线圈与所述接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗,根据所述发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  11. 根据权利要求3-10任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于根据所述发射线圈的电流、所述辅助线圈的直流输电压,以及工作频率、所述发射线圈的自感和所述辅助线圈的自感获得所述至少一项参数中的所述耦合系数,其中,所述耦合系数与所述水平相对位置正相关。
  12. 根据权利要求3-10任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于根据所述接收端处于空载状态时对应的发射线圈电流、所述辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率获得所述至少一项参数中的所述线圈互感,其中,所述线圈互感与所述水平相对位置正相关。
  13. 根据权利要求3-10任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述控制器,还用于根据所述发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和所述发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
  14. 一种位置检测的方法,其特征在于,应用于无线充电装置的发射端或接收端;所述发射端包括发射端谐振网络和逆变电路,所述发射端谐振网络包括发射线圈;所述接收端包括接收端谐振网络和整流电路;所述接收端谐振网络包括接收线圈;所述接收端还包括:辅助线圈;在无线充电时,所述辅助线圈两端的电压由所述发射线圈的电流产生;所述方法包括:
    根据所述发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置;所述至少一项参数包括:所述发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数,以及,所述发射线圈和所述辅助线圈之间的线圈互感中的一项或两项。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置包括:
    根据所述发射线圈的自感以及所述至少一项参数直接通过三维定位获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述相对位置包括水平相对位置和竖直相对位置;所述根据所述发射线圈的自感以及以下至少一项参数获得所述发射端和所述接收端之间的相对位置包括:
    根据所述发射线圈的自感获得所述竖直相对位置;根据所述至少一项参数获得所述水平相对位置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述接收线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述接收线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述接收线圈的电流获得所述接收端的功率损耗,根据所述接收端的功率损耗和所述接收端的输出功率获得所述接收端的接收功率。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    获得所述发射端的Q值;
    当所述发射端的Q值小于最小Q阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物;其中,所述最小Q阈值根据充电自由度范围内无异物时发射端的Q值来获得。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    获得所述发射端的Q值;
    根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得对应的Q值阈值,当所述发射端的Q值小于等于所述Q值阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    当所述发射端的Q值大于所述Q值阈值时,根据所述水平相对位置和所述竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的交流阻抗,根据所述发射线圈的交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率,获得所述发射功率和所述接收功率之间的功率差,根据所述功率差进行功耗校准,利用校准后的功耗获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述竖直相对位置和所述水平相对位置使所述发射线圈与所述接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得Q值对位后阈值,当所述发射端的Q值小于等于所述Q值对位后阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  23. 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述竖直相对位置和所述水平相对位置使所述发射线圈与所述接收端的接收线圈对位,利用对位后的水平相对位置和竖直相对位置获得所述发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗, 根据所述发射线圈的对位后交流阻抗和充电过程中所述发射线圈的电流获得所述发射端的功率损耗,根据所述发射端的输入功率和所述发射端的功率损耗获得发射功率,根据所述发射功率和所述接收端的接收功率获得异物损耗,当所述异物损耗大于功率阈值时,确定所述发射端和所述接收端之间存在异物。
  24. 根据权利要求16-23任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述发射线圈的电流、所述辅助线圈的直流输电压,以及工作频率、所述发射线圈的自感和所述辅助线圈的自感获得所述至少一项参数中的所述耦合系数,其中,所述耦合系数与所述水平相对位置正相关。
  25. 根据权利要求16-23任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述接收端处于空载状态时对应的发射线圈电流、所述辅助线圈的直流输出电压,以及工作频率获得所述至少一项参数中的所述线圈互感,其中,所述线圈互感与所述水平相对位置正相关。
  26. 根据权利要求16-23任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述发射端谐振网络的谐振频率和所述发射端谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
  27. 一种无线充电系统,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-13任一项所述的无线充电装置,当所述无线充电装置包括发射端时,该系统还包括:接收端;当所述无线充电装置包括接收端时,该系统还包括:发射端;
    所述发射端,用于给所述接收端进行无线充电。
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CN105334539A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2016-02-17 无锡华润矽科微电子有限公司 无线充电中实现异物检测的方法
CN108363108A (zh) * 2018-02-23 2018-08-03 中南民族大学 基于pcb印刷电路板瞬变电磁仪的接收和发射线圈
CN109895643A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-06-18 浙江大学 一种基于差分电感的在线式电动汽车无线充电定位系统

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CN116148584A (zh) * 2023-04-18 2023-05-23 紫光同芯微电子有限公司 一种无线充电参数的测试方法、装置、设备及介质
CN116148584B (zh) * 2023-04-18 2023-09-01 紫光同芯微电子有限公司 一种无线充电参数的测试方法、装置、设备及介质

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