WO2021018457A1 - Tank system - Google Patents

Tank system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021018457A1
WO2021018457A1 PCT/EP2020/066069 EP2020066069W WO2021018457A1 WO 2021018457 A1 WO2021018457 A1 WO 2021018457A1 EP 2020066069 W EP2020066069 W EP 2020066069W WO 2021018457 A1 WO2021018457 A1 WO 2021018457A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
control device
shut
safety valve
valves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/066069
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helerson Kemmer
Friedrich Muehleder
Felix Jaegle
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to CN202080068437.2A priority Critical patent/CN114450516A/en
Publication of WO2021018457A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021018457A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0138—Shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0146—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels with details of the manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/034—Control means using wireless transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • Fuel cell vehicles usually have a single, cylindrical hydrogen tank (or simply tank) with add-on components, such as B. a shut-off valve, a downstream pressure regulator and a safety valve.
  • the hydrogen tank is made from a carbon fiber composite. This gives rise to specific requirements with regard to the safety valve, which must react to a strong increase in temperature (e.g. due to a fire) and drain the contents of the hydrogen tank into the environment in a controlled manner.
  • B. a shut-off valve a downstream pressure regulator
  • a safety valve Typically, the hydrogen tank is made from a carbon fiber composite. This gives rise to specific requirements with regard to the safety valve, which must react to a strong increase in temperature (e.g. due to a fire) and drain the contents of the hydrogen tank into the environment in a controlled manner.
  • Carbon fiber composite material the above process must be designed to be irreversible, since it must be assumed that the matrix of the
  • Carbon fiber composite tank has been changed at the corresponding temperatures and so an intact structure of the tank can no longer be guaranteed when it is started up again. An irreversible triggering forces you to visit a workshop, where an inspection and, if necessary, a replacement of the tank must take place.
  • safety valves are typically implemented as fuses to meet these requirements.
  • the invention provides a tank system for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, in particular to a fuel cell system, with the features of the independent
  • the invention provides a corresponding vehicle, in particular a
  • the present invention provides a tank system for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, in particular to a
  • Fuel cell system in front of, comprising: several tank bottles each with a shut-off valve for closing or opening the respective tank bottle, at least one safety valve for the controlled discharge of the fuel in an emergency from at least one of the several tank bottles, one
  • Sensor network for monitoring the multiple fuel bottles, a primary control device for controlling the shut-off valves, and a secondary control device for controlling the at least one safety valve and / or the Shut-off valves, with the secondary control device for controlling the
  • the fuel cell system according to the invention can be in the form of a
  • Fuel cell stacks so-called fuel cell stacks, can be designed with a plurality of stacked fuel cells, preferably PEM fuel cells.
  • the idea of the invention is that the at least one
  • Temperatures within the tank system according to the invention are monitored distributed over the entire tank arrangement. Exceeding at least one measuring point can then activate at least one shut-off valve, several or all shut-off valves that are controlled coordinatively with the at least one safety valve.
  • the primary control unit and the secondary control unit in one
  • Communication links that can be wired, for example via a bus, or wirelessly, for example via radio.
  • the idea of the invention is that on the one hand the functional linking of temperature information and the triggering of the
  • Safety valve takes place via appropriate electrical circuits and / or software on a specially designed control unit.
  • the shut-off valve actuators that are already present in the tank system on every tank bottle are used to drain the fuel, e.g. hydrogen.
  • the invention brings great potential for cost reduction. On the other hand, the invention satisfies high
  • Additional functions can be integrated, such as alerting rescue workers via e-call in the event of triggering or imminent triggering of the at least one safety valve and / or the addition of further vehicle data in order to check the plausibility of a safety-critical situation and thus to minimize the probability of incorrect triggering of the at least one safety valve.
  • the invention can provide in a tank system that the
  • At least one safety valve comprises only one safety valve which is arranged at a common fluidic outlet of the shut-off valves.
  • the invention can provide in a tank system that a
  • Pressure regulator is provided for the shut-off valves, which is fluidly connected upstream of the consumer in order to provide fuel at a suitable pressure to the consumer, the at least one safety valve on one
  • common fluidic output of the shut-off valves is arranged upstream of the pressure regulator or at a common fluidic output of the shut-off valves after the pressure regulator.
  • the fuel can be drained as soon as possible in an emergency.
  • a pressure reduction by the pressure regulator can be used in order to discharge the fuel into the environment in as diluted a state as possible.
  • the invention can provide for a tank system that the at least one safety valve comprises only one safety valve which is arranged at a separate common fluidic end of the tank bottles, which end faces away from the shut-off valves. In this way, only the at least one safety valve needs to be activated in an emergency in order to discharge the fuel into the environment.
  • the invention can provide for a tank system that the at least one safety valve comprises a safety valve for each of the multiple tank bottles, which is arranged at a fluidic end of the respective tank bottle, which end is the shut-off valve is turned away.
  • the at least one safety valve comprises a safety valve for each of the multiple tank bottles, which is arranged at a fluidic end of the respective tank bottle, which end is the shut-off valve is turned away.
  • the invention can provide in a tank system that a common battery, for example vehicle battery, is provided for the primary control device and the secondary control device.
  • a common battery for example vehicle battery
  • Control unit are supplied with energy together with the primary control unit.
  • the invention can provide that a separate backup battery is provided for the secondary control device. In this way it can be ensured that the at least one safety valve can be controlled safely, even if all other systems in the vehicle may not have any energy.
  • the invention can provide in a tank system that the primary control device and the secondary control device for controlling the
  • Sensor network are executed. In this way, a certain back-up can be provided for the sensor network in order to be able to safely sense the emergency within the tank system.
  • the invention can provide for a tank system that the sensor network has at least two (at least at the ends of the respective tank bottle) or several sensors for each of the several tank bottles, which are arranged distributed over the respective tank bottle. In this way, the emergency can be sensed precisely, without delay or even in advance.
  • the invention can provide in a tank system that the
  • Temperature sensors that are easy to use, for example fusible networks, can be set relatively sensitively. Reusable
  • Temperature sensors can be reusable inexpensive
  • the invention also provides a vehicle with a tank system, which can be designed as described above. With the aid of the vehicle according to the invention, the same advantages are achieved that were described above in connection with the tank system according to the invention. Reference is made here in full to these advantages.
  • the primary control device and / or the secondary control device are / is designed to send an e-call signal through the sensor network in the event of an emergency being detected, and / or the primary control device and / or the secondary control device is / is designed to use vehicle-internal and / or vehicle-external data to verify an emergency.
  • the functionality of the vehicle according to the invention can be expanded.
  • the invention provides a use of a tank system, which can be designed as described above, for storing and providing fuel to a fuel cell system.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a known tank system
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of a tank system within the meaning of the invention with a
  • FIG. 7 shows a further variant of a tank system within the meaning of the invention with a backup battery, a secondary control device and backup wiring of a sensor network to a primary control device and a secondary control device.
  • Figure 1 shows a known tank system 10 *, for example.
  • Hydrogen vehicle with a single, cylindrical hydrogen tank 11 *, a shut-off valve 12 *, a pressure regulator 40 * connected downstream of the shut-off valve 12 * and a safety valve 14 *.
  • the known hydrogen tank 11 * can, for example, be made of a carbon fiber composite material.
  • the safety valve 14 * melts and the contents of the hydrogen tank 11 * are released into the environment in a controlled manner. This process is irreversible.
  • a strong increase in temperature also changes the matrix of the carbon fiber composite tank, which means that the tank has to be replaced.
  • FIG. 2 the division of the storage volume into several partial volumes is shown by way of example with five tank bottles 11 as part of a tank system 10 according to the invention.
  • Each of these fuel bottles 11 is in accordance with legal Provided specifications with their own, electrically activatable shut-off valve 12, which are activated accordingly via a primary control device 31.
  • FIGS. 3-5 Further variants for the arrangement of the at least one safety valve 14 or of safety valves 14 in the context of a tank system 10 according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 3-5.
  • Each variant of the tank system 10 according to FIGS. 2 to 7 has in common that a sensor network 20 is provided in order to monitor the tank bottles 11, preferably for undesired temperature increases.
  • a sensor network 20 is provided in order to monitor the tank bottles 11, preferably for undesired temperature increases.
  • at least two sensors 21, preferably temperature sensors, can be provided on each tank bottle 11.
  • Temperature sensors can be designed to be reusable. In addition, it is conceivable that several temperature sensors can be distributed over the fuel bottles 11. In addition, easily usable sensors 21, for example melting sensors, are conceivable within the scope of the invention, which the
  • Can include fuel bottles 11 at least partially.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the invention with a placement of the at least one safety valve 14 (here only one safety valve 14a) behind the pressure regulator 40.
  • This variant offers the advantage that lower pressures have to be switched. Functional integration with the pressure relief valve typically present at this point is also possible. By passing the pressure regulator 40, a restricted emergency discharge mass flow can be set.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the invention in which the existing shut-off valves 12 are not used for emergency lowering, but a separate one Line network which connects the opposite ends E2 of the tank bottles 11 to one another.
  • the at least one safety valve 14 in the form of a central safety valve 14a closes this line network from the environment and enables emergency lowering with only one central one
  • FIG. 5 shows a modification of the tank system 10 according to FIG. 4 with individual safety valves 14b on each tank bottle 11.
  • the activation and / or control of the at least one safety valve 14 takes place in accordance with a logic that is implemented in the secondary control device 32 via electrical signals and / or data signals. To do this, the
  • Temperature sensors e.g. thermocouples
  • Control unit housing or integration into already existing control units such as VCU) must be carried out because the safety function in the sense of the invention must also be available when the primary control unit 31 in the parked vehicle is not energized (disconnection via a terminal 15).
  • the separation into a primary control device 31 and a secondary control device 32 enables additional ones to be provided
  • System redundancies such as B. a backup battery 52 (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) or a backup for the sensor network 20 via the primary control device 31.
  • the temperature information from the sensor network 20 is entered in the primary control device 31 and / or in the secondary control device 32 according to a logic stored there in the form of a circuit or a computer program
  • vehicle-specific data can be supplied, this logic can be further supplemented in order to further check the plausibility of the detection of a safety-critical situation, for example with information from acceleration sensors,
  • Airbag deployment seat occupancy sensors, environment sensors,
  • the secondary control device 32 can be connected to the primary (single) battery 51. It is conceivable that emergency lowering (e.g. if the vehicle is parked for a long time) is no longer possible if the energy remaining in the battery is no longer sufficient to activate the valves. In order to minimize the occurrence of this case, a warning message can be sent in good time to the vehicle operator or other bodies such as e-call or other data connections. B. an e-call center, fire brigade, breakdown service, etc. are deposited.
  • actuator signals are generated at least or exclusively via the secondary control unit 32 and enable the shut-off valves 12 or the safety valves 14 to be controlled. Temperature information is received and processed at least or exclusively by the secondary control unit 32. In addition, redundancies can be provided in the primary control device 31. These are the following
  • Embodiments are described using the example of the variant of the tank system 10 from FIG. 2, which, however, can also be combined with all other variants of FIGS.
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the invention in which the same basic functionality is implemented in the context of the tank system 20 as in FIG. 2.
  • the primary battery 51 is supplemented by a secondary battery, a so-called backup battery 52. This prevents the occurrence of an emergency lowering being no longer possible due to insufficient battery voltage.
  • the secondary battery can be optimized for long charge retention and isolated from all non-safety-critical electricity consumers.
  • FIG. 7 shows a variant of the invention in which additional redundancies are created in the tank system 20. This is especially the whole Functionality of the secondary control device 32 additionally in the primary
  • Control unit 31 duplicated. Both control units 31, 32 can both receive and evaluate the temperature information from sensors 21 and also generate actuator signals for activating valves 12, 14. A hardware failure of one of the two control units 31, 32 can thereby be completely compensated for. This redundancy can correspond to the one shown in FIG.

Abstract

The invention relates to a tank system (10) for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, having: a plurality of tank bottles (11), each having a shut-off valve (12) for closing or opening the associated tank bottle (11); at least one safety valve (14) for controlled releasing of the fuel from at least one of the plurality of tank bottles (11) in an emergency; a sensor network (20) for monitoring the plurality of tank bottles (11); a primary control device (31) for controlling the shut-off valves (12); and a secondary control device (32) for controlling the at least one safety valve (14) and/or the shut-off valves (12), wherein the secondary control device (31) is designed to control the sensor network (20).

Description

Beschreibung description
Titel title
Tanksystem Tank system
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bekannte Tanksysteme für Wasserstofffahrzeuge, insbesondere Known tank systems for hydrogen vehicles, in particular
Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuge, weisen zumeist einen einzelnen, zylindrischen Wasserstofftank (oder einfach Tank) mit Anbaukomponenten an, wie z. B. einem Absperrventil, einem nachgeschalteten Druckregler und einem Sicherheitsventil. Typischerweise ist der Wasserstofftank aus einem Kohlefaserverbundwerkstoff gefertigt. Daraus ergeben sich spezifische Anforderungen bezüglich des Sicherheitsventils, welches auf eine starke Temperaturerhöhung (etwa aufgrund eines Brandes) reagieren und den Inhalt des Wasserstofftanks kontrolliert in die Umgebung ablassen muss. Bei bekannten Wasserstofftanks aus einem Fuel cell vehicles usually have a single, cylindrical hydrogen tank (or simply tank) with add-on components, such as B. a shut-off valve, a downstream pressure regulator and a safety valve. Typically, the hydrogen tank is made from a carbon fiber composite. This gives rise to specific requirements with regard to the safety valve, which must react to a strong increase in temperature (e.g. due to a fire) and drain the contents of the hydrogen tank into the environment in a controlled manner. In known hydrogen tanks from one
Kohlenfaserverbundwerkstoff muss der obige Vorgang irreversibel ausgelegt sein, da davon ausgegangen werden muss, dass die Matrix des Carbon fiber composite material, the above process must be designed to be irreversible, since it must be assumed that the matrix of the
Kohlefaserverbundtanks bei den entsprechenden Temperaturen verändert wurde und so eine intakte Struktur des Tanks bei erneuter Inbetriebnahme nicht mehr garantiert werden kann. Ein irreversibles Auslösen zwingt zum Aufsuchen einer Werkstatt, wo eine Inspektion und ggf. ein Austausch des Tanks erfolgen muss. Bei solchen Wasserstofftanks werden Sicherheitsventile zur Erfüllung dieser Anforderungen typischerweise als Schmelzsicherungen realisiert. Carbon fiber composite tank has been changed at the corresponding temperatures and so an intact structure of the tank can no longer be guaranteed when it is started up again. An irreversible triggering forces you to visit a workshop, where an inspection and, if necessary, a replacement of the tank must take place. In such hydrogen tanks, safety valves are typically implemented as fuses to meet these requirements.
Bei anderen Tanksystemen werden anstelle eines einzelnen Tanks mehrere schlanke Tankflaschen mit geringerem Durchmesser eingesetzt. Eine solche Anordnung erlaubt eine bessere Raumausnutzung sowie höhere In other tank systems, several slim tank bottles with a smaller diameter are used instead of a single tank. Such an arrangement allows a better use of space as well as higher
Bauraumflexibilität. Durch die geringeren Durchmesser kommen für diese Flaschen Bauweisen aus Stahl in Frage, welche zusätzlich deutliche Space flexibility. Due to the smaller diameter, steel constructions are possible for these bottles, which are also clear
Kosten vorteile mit sich bringen können. Durch die Bauweise aus Stahl ist nicht von einer Beschädigung durch die detektierten Temperaturbereiche auszugehen, sodass die Anforderung an ein irreversibles Auslösen der Sicherheitsventile entfallen kann. Allerdings wird bei mehreren Tankflaschen ein Ventil pro Tank (hier: Flasche) benötigt. Can bring cost advantages. The steel construction is not assume damage from the detected temperature ranges so that the requirement for irreversible triggering of the safety valves can be omitted. However, if there are several tank bottles, one valve per tank (here: bottle) is required.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung sieht gemäß einem ersten Aspekt ein Tanksystem zum Speichern und Bereitstellen von Brennstoff an einen Verbraucher, insbesondere an ein Brennstoffzellensystem, mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen According to a first aspect, the invention provides a tank system for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, in particular to a fuel cell system, with the features of the independent
Vorrichtungsanspruches vor. Ferner sieht die Erfindung gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt ein entsprechendes Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Device claim. Furthermore, according to a second aspect, the invention provides a corresponding vehicle, in particular a
Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug, mit den Merkmalen des nebengeordneten Fuel cell vehicle, with the features of the sibling
unabhängigen Vorrichtungsanspruches sowie gemäß einem dritten Aspekt eine Verwendung eines entsprechenden Tanksystems für ein Brennstoffzellensystem, die in mobilen und/oder stationären Systemen eingesetzt werden kann, mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Verwendungsanspruches vor. Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Details der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen. Dabei gelten Merkmale und Details, die im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystem beschrieben sind, selbstverständlich auch im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen independent device claim and, according to a third aspect, a use of a corresponding tank system for a fuel cell system, which can be used in mobile and / or stationary systems, with the features of the independent use claim. Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the tank system according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the tank system according to the invention
Fahrzeug und/oder mit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffzelle und jeweils umgekehrt, sodass bezüglich der Offenbarung zu den einzelnen Vehicle and / or with the fuel cell according to the invention and in each case vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure to the individual
Erfindungsaspekten stets wechselseitig Bezug genommen wird bzw. werden kann. Aspects of the invention are always referred to alternately or can be.
Die vorliegende Erfindung sieht ein Tanksystem zum Speichern und Bereitstellen von Brennstoff an einen Verbraucher, insbesondere an ein The present invention provides a tank system for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, in particular to a
Brennstoffzellensystem, vor, aufweisend: mehrere Tankflaschen mit jeweils einem Absperrventil zum Verschließen oder Öffnen der jeweiligen Tankflasche, mindestens ein Sicherheitsventil zum kontrollierten Ablassen des Brennstoffes in einem Notfall aus mindestens einer der mehreren Tankflaschen, einem Fuel cell system, in front of, comprising: several tank bottles each with a shut-off valve for closing or opening the respective tank bottle, at least one safety valve for the controlled discharge of the fuel in an emergency from at least one of the several tank bottles, one
Sensornetzwerk zum Überwachen der mehreren Tankflaschen, ein primäres Steuergerät zum Ansteuern der Absperrventile, und ein sekundäres Steuergerät zum Ansteuern des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils und/oder der Absperrventile, wobei das sekundäre Steuergerät zum Ansteuern des Sensor network for monitoring the multiple fuel bottles, a primary control device for controlling the shut-off valves, and a secondary control device for controlling the at least one safety valve and / or the Shut-off valves, with the secondary control device for controlling the
Sensornetzwerks ausgeführt ist. Sensor network is executed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffzellensystem kann in Form eines The fuel cell system according to the invention can be in the form of a
Brennstoffzellenstacks, sog. Brennstoffzellenstapels, mit mehreren gestapelten Brennstoffzellen, vorzugsweise PEM-Brennstoffzellen, ausgebildet sein. Fuel cell stacks, so-called fuel cell stacks, can be designed with a plurality of stacked fuel cells, preferably PEM fuel cells.
Der Erfindungsgedanke liegt dabei darin, dass das mindestens eine The idea of the invention is that the at least one
Sicherheitsventil und das Sensornetzwerk im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystems funktional verknüpft werden. Vorteilhafterweise können die Safety valve and the sensor network are functionally linked in the context of the tank system according to the invention. Advantageously, the
Temperaturen innerhalb des erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystems verteilt über die gesamte Tankanordnung hinweg überwacht werden. Eine Überschreitung an mindestens einem Messpunkt kann dann zur Aktivierung mindestens eines Absperrventils, mehrerer oder aller Absperrventile, die koordinativ mit dem mindestens einen Sicherheitsventil angesteuert werden. Hierzu können das primäre Steuergerät und das sekundäre Steuergerät in einer Temperatures within the tank system according to the invention are monitored distributed over the entire tank arrangement. Exceeding at least one measuring point can then activate at least one shut-off valve, several or all shut-off valves that are controlled coordinatively with the at least one safety valve. For this purpose, the primary control unit and the secondary control unit in one
Kommunikationsverbindung stehen, die drahtbehaftet, bspw. über einen Bus, oder drahtlos, bspw. über Funk, erfolgen kann. There are communication links that can be wired, for example via a bus, or wirelessly, for example via radio.
Mit anderen Worten liegt die Erfindungsidee darin, dass einerseits die funktionale Verknüpfung von Temperaturinformationen und dem Auslösen des In other words, the idea of the invention is that on the one hand the functional linking of temperature information and the triggering of the
Sicherheitsventils über entsprechende elektrische Schaltungen und/oder Software auf einem speziell ausgebildeten Steuergerät erfolgt. Andererseits wird die im Tanksystem ohnehin an jeder Tankflasche vorhandene Aktorik der Absperrventile zum Ablassen des Brennstoffes, z.B. Wasserstoffes, genutzt. Safety valve takes place via appropriate electrical circuits and / or software on a specially designed control unit. On the other hand, the shut-off valve actuators that are already present in the tank system on every tank bottle are used to drain the fuel, e.g. hydrogen.
Die Erfindung bringt aufgrund der Nutzung bereits vorhandener Hardware großes Potential zur Kostenreduktion. Andererseits erfüllt die Erfindung hohe Due to the use of already existing hardware, the invention brings great potential for cost reduction. On the other hand, the invention satisfies high
Sicherheitsstandards, weil im Tanksystem entsprechende Redundanzen aus Absperrventilen und des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventil vorgesehen sind. Außerdem ist das erfindungsgemäße Tanksystem insgesamt deutlich einfacher und kostengünstiger realisiert als vergleichbare Tanksysteme mit irreversiblen Sicherheitsventilen. Nach einem noch weiteren Vorteil kann über das Safety standards, because corresponding redundancies from shut-off valves and the at least one safety valve are provided in the tank system. In addition, the tank system according to the invention is implemented overall in a significantly simpler and more cost-effective manner than comparable tank systems with irreversible safety valves. Another advantage can be found in the
erfindungsgemäße sekundäre Steuergerät und seine Software moderne secondary control device according to the invention and its software modern
Zusatzfunktionen integriert werden, wie z.B. die Alarmierung von Rettungskräften via E-Call im Fall des Auslösens oder des bevorstehenden Auslösens des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils und/oder das Hinzunehmen von weiteren Fahrzeugdaten, um das Vorliegen einer sicherheitskritischen Situation zu plausibilisieren und damit die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Fehlauslösens des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils zu minimieren. Additional functions can be integrated, such as alerting rescue workers via e-call in the event of triggering or imminent triggering of the at least one safety valve and / or the addition of further vehicle data in order to check the plausibility of a safety-critical situation and thus to minimize the probability of incorrect triggering of the at least one safety valve.
Ferner kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das Furthermore, the invention can provide in a tank system that the
mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil nur ein Sicherheitsventil umfasst, welches an einem gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang der Absperrventile angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise können die Infrastruktur bzw. die Auslegung des Tanksystems einfach und kostengünstig gestaltet werden. at least one safety valve comprises only one safety valve which is arranged at a common fluidic outlet of the shut-off valves. In this way, the infrastructure or the design of the tank system can be designed simply and inexpensively.
Weiterhin kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass ein Furthermore, the invention can provide in a tank system that a
Druckregler für die Absperrventile vorgesehen ist, der fluidisch dem Verbraucher vorgeschaltet ist, um Brennstoff mit einem geeigneten Druck an den Verbraucher bereitzustellen, wobei das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil an einem Pressure regulator is provided for the shut-off valves, which is fluidly connected upstream of the consumer in order to provide fuel at a suitable pressure to the consumer, the at least one safety valve on one
gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang der Absperrventile vor dem Druckregler oder an einem gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang der Absperrventile nach dem Druckregler angeordnet ist. Im Bereich vor dem Druckregler kann ein möglichst unverzüglicher Ablass des Brennstoffs in einem Notfall realisiert werden. In einem Bereich nach dem Druckregler kann eine Druckreduzierung durch den Druckregler ausgenutzt werden, um den Brennstoff möglichst verdünnt an die Umgebung abzulassen. common fluidic output of the shut-off valves is arranged upstream of the pressure regulator or at a common fluidic output of the shut-off valves after the pressure regulator. In the area in front of the pressure regulator, the fuel can be drained as soon as possible in an emergency. In an area after the pressure regulator, a pressure reduction by the pressure regulator can be used in order to discharge the fuel into the environment in as diluted a state as possible.
Des Weiteren kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil nur ein Sicherheitsventil umfasst, welches an einem separaten gemeinsamen fluidischen Ende der Tankflaschen angeordnet ist, welches Ende den Absperrventilen abgewandt ist. Auf diese Weise braucht nur das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil in einem Notfall angesteuert werden, um den Brennstoff an die Umgebung abzulassen. Furthermore, the invention can provide for a tank system that the at least one safety valve comprises only one safety valve which is arranged at a separate common fluidic end of the tank bottles, which end faces away from the shut-off valves. In this way, only the at least one safety valve needs to be activated in an emergency in order to discharge the fuel into the environment.
Zudem kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil jeweils ein Sicherheitsventil für jede der mehreren Tankflaschen umfasst, welches an jeweils einem fluidischen Ende der jeweiligen Tankflasche angeordnet ist, welches Ende den Absperrventilen abgewandt ist. Somit kann eine selektive Betätigung der Sicherheitsventile ermöglicht werden, um ggf. nur den oder nur die Tankflaschen zu leeren, die vom Notfall, bspw. vom drastischen Temperaturanstieg betroffen sind. In addition, the invention can provide for a tank system that the at least one safety valve comprises a safety valve for each of the multiple tank bottles, which is arranged at a fluidic end of the respective tank bottle, which end is the shut-off valve is turned away. In this way, selective actuation of the safety valves can be made possible in order, if necessary, to empty only the or only the tank bottles that are affected by the emergency, for example the drastic increase in temperature.
Außerdem kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass eine gemeinsame Batterie, bspw. Fahrzeugbatterie, für das primäre Steuergerät und das sekundäre Steuergerät vorgesehen ist. Somit kann das sekundäre In addition, the invention can provide in a tank system that a common battery, for example vehicle battery, is provided for the primary control device and the secondary control device. Thus the secondary
Steuergerät zusammen mit dem primären Steuergerät mit Energie versorgt werden. Control unit are supplied with energy together with the primary control unit.
Ferner kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass eine separate Backup- Batterie für das sekundäre Steuergerät vorgesehen ist. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil sicher angesteuert werden kann, auch dann, wenn womöglich sämtliche andere Systeme im Fahrzeug über keine Energie verfügen. Furthermore, in the case of a tank system, the invention can provide that a separate backup battery is provided for the secondary control device. In this way it can be ensured that the at least one safety valve can be controlled safely, even if all other systems in the vehicle may not have any energy.
Weiterhin kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das primäre Steuergerät und das sekundäre Steuergerät zum Ansteuern des Furthermore, the invention can provide in a tank system that the primary control device and the secondary control device for controlling the
Sensornetzwerkes ausgeführt sind. Auf diese Weise kann ein gewisses Back-Up für das Sensornetzwerk bereitgestellt werden, um den Notfall innerhalb des Tanksystems sicher sensieren zu können. Sensor network are executed. In this way, a certain back-up can be provided for the sensor network in order to be able to safely sense the emergency within the tank system.
Des Weiteren kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das Sensornetzwerk mindestens zwei (zumindest an den Enden der jeweiligen Tankflasche) oder mehrere Sensoren für jede der mehreren Tankflaschen aufweist, die über der jeweiligen Tankflasche verteilt angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise kann der Notfall präzise, ohne Zeitverzögerung oder sogar im Voraus sensiert werden. Furthermore, the invention can provide for a tank system that the sensor network has at least two (at least at the ends of the respective tank bottle) or several sensors for each of the several tank bottles, which are arranged distributed over the respective tank bottle. In this way, the emergency can be sensed precisely, without delay or even in advance.
Zudem kann die Erfindung bei einem Tanksystem vorsehen, dass das In addition, the invention can provide in a tank system that the
Sensornetzwerk einfach oder mehrfach verwendbare Temperatursensoren aufweist. Einfach verwendbare Temperatursensoren, bspw. schmelzbare Netze, können relativ sensibel eingestellt werden. Mehrfach verwendbare Has sensor network single or multiple use temperature sensors. Temperature sensors that are easy to use, for example fusible networks, can be set relatively sensitively. Reusable
Temperatursensoren können mehrfach verwendbare kostengünstige Temperature sensors can be reusable inexpensive
Sensornetzwerke bereitstellen. Außerdem sieht die Erfindung ein Fahrzeug mit einem Tanksystem vor, welches wie oben beschrieben ausgeführt sein kann. Mithilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeuges werden die gleichen Vorteile erreicht, die oben im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystem beschrieben wurden. Auf diese Vorteile wird vorliegend vollumfänglich Bezug genommen. Provide sensor networks. The invention also provides a vehicle with a tank system, which can be designed as described above. With the aid of the vehicle according to the invention, the same advantages are achieved that were described above in connection with the tank system according to the invention. Reference is made here in full to these advantages.
Bei dem Fahrzeug im Sinne der Erfindung ist es denkbar, dass das primäre Steuergerät und/oder das sekundäre Steuergerät dazu ausgeführt sind/ist, bei einem detektierten Notfall durch das Sensornetzwerk ein E-Call-Signal auszusenden, und/oder das primäre Steuergerät und/oder das sekundäre Steuergerät dazu ausgeführt sind/ist, fahrzeuginterne und/oder fahrzeugexterne Daten zum Verifizieren eines Notfalls heranzuziehen. Auf diese Weise kann die Funktionalität des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeuges erweitert werden. In the vehicle according to the invention, it is conceivable that the primary control device and / or the secondary control device are / is designed to send an e-call signal through the sensor network in the event of an emergency being detected, and / or the primary control device and / or the secondary control device is / is designed to use vehicle-internal and / or vehicle-external data to verify an emergency. In this way, the functionality of the vehicle according to the invention can be expanded.
Zudem sieht die Erfindung eine Verwendung eines Tanksystems, welches wie oben beschrieben ausgeführt sein kann, zum Speichern und Bereitstellen von Brennstoff an ein Brennstoffzellensystem. In addition, the invention provides a use of a tank system, which can be designed as described above, for storing and providing fuel to a fuel cell system.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele: Preferred embodiments:
Die Erfindung und deren Weiterbildungen sowie deren Vorteile werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils schematisch: The invention and its developments as well as their advantages are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. They each show schematically:
Fig. 1 einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines bekannten Tanksystems, 1 shows an exemplary structure of a known tank system,
Fig. 2 einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines Tanksystems im Sinne der FIG. 2 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
Erfindung mit einem Sicherheitsventil an einem gemeinsamen Ausgang mit Absperrventilen, Invention with a safety valve at a common outlet with shut-off valves,
Fig. 3 einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines Tanksystems im Sinne der 3 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
Erfindung mit einem Sicherheitsventil an einem gemeinsamen Ausgang mit Absperrventilen nach dem Durchgang eines Druckreglers, Fig. 4 einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines Tanksystems im Sinne derInvention with a safety valve at a common outlet with shut-off valves after the passage of a pressure regulator, 4 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
Erfindung mit einem Sicherheitsventil an einem anderen Ende der Tankflaschen als die Absperrventile, Invention with a safety valve at a different end of the tank bottles than the shut-off valves,
Fig. 5 einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines Tanksystems im Sinne der 5 shows an exemplary structure of a tank system in the sense of FIG
Erfindung mit mehreren Sicherheitsventilen an den anderen Enden der Tankflaschen als die Absperrventile, Invention with several safety valves at the other ends of the tank bottles than the shut-off valves,
Fig. 6 eine Variante eines Tanksystems im Sinne der Erfindung mit einer 6 shows a variant of a tank system within the meaning of the invention with a
Backup- Batterie für ein sekundäres Steuergerät, und Backup battery for a secondary control unit, and
Fig. 7 eine weitere Variante eines Tanksystems im Sinne der Erfindung mit einer Backup- Batterie ein sekundäres Steuergerät und eine Backup- Verdrahtung eines Sensornetzwerkes an ein primäres Steuergerät und ein sekundäres Steuergerät. 7 shows a further variant of a tank system within the meaning of the invention with a backup battery, a secondary control device and backup wiring of a sensor network to a primary control device and a secondary control device.
In den unterschiedlichen Figuren sind gleiche Teile der Erfindung stets mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen, weshalb diese in der Regel nur einmal beschrieben werden. In the different figures, the same parts of the invention are always provided with the same reference symbols, which is why they are usually only described once.
Die Figur 1 zeigt ein bekanntes Tanksystem 10*, bspw. für ein Figure 1 shows a known tank system 10 *, for example. For a
Wasserstofffahrzeug, mit einem einzelnen, zylindrischen Wasserstofftank 11*, einem Absperrventil 12*, einem dem Absperrventil 12* nachgeschalteten Druckregler 40* und einem Sicherheitsventil 14*. Der bekannte Wasserstofftank 11* kann bspw. aus einem Kohlefaserverbundwerkstoff gefertigt sein. Bei einer starken Temperaturerhöhung (etwa aufgrund eines Brandes) schmilzt das Sicherheitsventil 14* und der Inhalt des Wasserstofftanks 11* wird kontrolliert in die Umgebung abgelassen. Dieser Vorgang ist irreversibel. Durch eine starke Temperaturerhöhung wird außerdem die Matrix des Kohlefaserverbundtanks verändert, was einen Austausch des Tanks nach sich ziehen muss. Hydrogen vehicle, with a single, cylindrical hydrogen tank 11 *, a shut-off valve 12 *, a pressure regulator 40 * connected downstream of the shut-off valve 12 * and a safety valve 14 *. The known hydrogen tank 11 * can, for example, be made of a carbon fiber composite material. In the event of a sharp increase in temperature (for example due to a fire), the safety valve 14 * melts and the contents of the hydrogen tank 11 * are released into the environment in a controlled manner. This process is irreversible. A strong increase in temperature also changes the matrix of the carbon fiber composite tank, which means that the tank has to be replaced.
In der Figur 2 ist die Aufteilung des Speichervolumens in mehrere Teilvolumina beispielhaft mit fünf Tankflaschen 11 im Rahmen eines erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystems 10 dargestellt. Jede dieser Tankflaschen 11 ist gemäß gesetzlicher Vorgaben mit einem eigenen, elektrisch aktivierbaren Absperrventil 12 versehen, die entsprechend über ein primäres Steuergerät 31 aktiviert werden. Gemäß der Erfindung befindet sich mindestens ein aktives bzw. ansteuerbares (d. h. nicht passives, wie z. B. schmelzbares) Sicherheitsventil 14 an den In FIG. 2, the division of the storage volume into several partial volumes is shown by way of example with five tank bottles 11 as part of a tank system 10 according to the invention. Each of these fuel bottles 11 is in accordance with legal Provided specifications with their own, electrically activatable shut-off valve 12, which are activated accordingly via a primary control device 31. According to the invention, there is at least one active or controllable (ie non-passive, such as, for example, fusible) safety valve 14 on the
gegenüberliegenden Enden E2 der Tankflaschen 11. Gemäß der Figur 2 ist nur ein gemeinsames Sicherheitsventil 14a für alle Tankflaschen 11 vorgesehen. Die Absperrventile 12 werden an deren gemeinsamen Ausgang Al zu einem opposite ends E2 of the tank bottles 11. According to FIG. 2, only one common safety valve 14a is provided for all tank bottles 11. The shut-off valves 12 become one at their common output A1
Druckregler 40 geführt. Im Notfall kann dabei ein Ablassen des Brennstoffs in die Umgebung durch ein gemeinsames Aktivieren der Absperrventile 12 und des Sicherheitsventils 14 eingeleitet werden. Weitere Varianten für die Anordnung des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils 14 bzw. von Sicherheitsventilen 14 im Rahmen eines erfindungsgemäßen Tanksystems 10 sind in den Figuren 3-5 gezeigt. Pressure regulator 40 out. In an emergency, the fuel can be released into the environment by jointly activating the shut-off valves 12 and the safety valve 14. Further variants for the arrangement of the at least one safety valve 14 or of safety valves 14 in the context of a tank system 10 according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 3-5.
Jeder Variante des Tanksystems 10 gemäß den Figuren 2 bis 7 ist gemein, dass ein Sensornetzwerk 20 vorgesehen ist, um die Tankflaschen 11, vorzugsweise auf ungewollte Temperaturanstiege, zu überwachen. Wie dabei die Figuren 2 bis 7 zeigen können an jeder Tankflasche 11 mindestens zwei Sensoren 21, vorzugsweise Temperatursensoren vorgesehen werden. Die Each variant of the tank system 10 according to FIGS. 2 to 7 has in common that a sensor network 20 is provided in order to monitor the tank bottles 11, preferably for undesired temperature increases. As FIGS. 2 to 7 show, at least two sensors 21, preferably temperature sensors, can be provided on each tank bottle 11. The
Temperatursensoren können dabei mehrfach verwendbar ausgestaltet sein. Zudem ist es denkbar, dass mehrere Temperatursensoren über die Tankflaschen 11 verteilt sein können. Außerdem sind im Rahmen der Erfindung einfach verwendbare Sensoren 21, bspw. Schmelzsensoren, denkbar, die die Temperature sensors can be designed to be reusable. In addition, it is conceivable that several temperature sensors can be distributed over the fuel bottles 11. In addition, easily usable sensors 21, for example melting sensors, are conceivable within the scope of the invention, which the
Tankflaschen 11 zumindest zum Teil umfassen können. Can include fuel bottles 11 at least partially.
Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Variante der Erfindung mit einer Platzierung des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils 14 (hier nur eines Sicherheitsventils 14a) hinter dem Druckregler 40. Diese Variante bietet den Vorteil, dass geringere Drücke geschaltet werden müssen. Ebenso möglich ist eine Funktionsintegration mit dem typischerweise an dieser Stelle vorhandene Druckbegrenzungsventil. Durch das Passieren des Druckreglers 40 kann ein eingeschränkter Notablass- Massenstrom eingestellt werden. FIG. 3 shows a variant of the invention with a placement of the at least one safety valve 14 (here only one safety valve 14a) behind the pressure regulator 40. This variant offers the advantage that lower pressures have to be switched. Functional integration with the pressure relief valve typically present at this point is also possible. By passing the pressure regulator 40, a restricted emergency discharge mass flow can be set.
Die Figur 4 zeigt eine Variante der Erfindung, in der nicht die vorhandenen Absperrventile 12 zur Notablassung genutzt werden, sondern ein eigener Leitungsverbund, welcher die gegenüberliegen Enden E2 der Tankflaschen 11 miteinander verbindet. Das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil 14 in Form eines zentralen Sicherheitsventils 14a verschließt diesen Leitungsverbund gegen die Umgebung und ermöglicht ein Notablassen mit nur einem zentralen FIG. 4 shows a variant of the invention in which the existing shut-off valves 12 are not used for emergency lowering, but a separate one Line network which connects the opposite ends E2 of the tank bottles 11 to one another. The at least one safety valve 14 in the form of a central safety valve 14a closes this line network from the environment and enables emergency lowering with only one central one
Sicherheitsventil 14a. Safety valve 14a.
Die Figur 5 zeigt eine Abwandlung des Tanksystems 10 gemäß der Figur 4 mit individuellen Sicherheitsventilen 14b an jeder Tankflasche 11. FIG. 5 shows a modification of the tank system 10 according to FIG. 4 with individual safety valves 14b on each tank bottle 11.
Das Aktivieren und/oder Ansteuern des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils 14 erfolgt gemäß einer Logik, die über elektrische Signale und/oder Datensignale in dem sekundären Steuergerät 32 realisiert ist. Dazu werden die The activation and / or control of the at least one safety valve 14 takes place in accordance with a logic that is implemented in the secondary control device 32 via electrical signals and / or data signals. To do this, the
Temperaturinformation aus dem Sensornetzwerk 20 über geeignete Temperature information from the sensor network 20 via suitable
Temperatursensoren (z.B. Thermoelemente) an geeigneten, über das gesamte Tanksystem 10 verteilte Messpositionen in dem sekundären Steuergerät 32 zusammengeführt. Die Trennung in ein primäres Steuergerät 31 und ein sekundäres Steuergerät 32 (bzw. getrennte Bereiche im selben Temperature sensors (e.g. thermocouples) are brought together in the secondary control unit 32 at suitable measuring positions distributed over the entire tank system 10. The separation into a primary control unit 31 and a secondary control unit 32 (or separate areas in the same
Steuergerätegehäuse oder Integration in bereits vorhandene Steuergeräte wie VCU) muss grundsätzlich deshalb erfolgen, da die Sicherheitsfunktion im Sinne der Erfindung auch dann zur Verfügung stehen muss, wenn das primäre Steuergerät 31 im abgestellten Fahrzeug nicht bestromt ist (Trennung über eine Klemme 15). Zudem ermöglicht die Trennung in ein primäres Steuergerät 31 und ein sekundäres Steuergerät 32 ein Bereitstellen von zusätzlichen Control unit housing or integration into already existing control units such as VCU) must be carried out because the safety function in the sense of the invention must also be available when the primary control unit 31 in the parked vehicle is not energized (disconnection via a terminal 15). In addition, the separation into a primary control device 31 and a secondary control device 32 enables additional ones to be provided
Systemredundanzen, wie z. B. einer Backup- Batterie 52 (s. Figur 6 sowie Figur 7) oder eines Backups für das Sensornetzwerk 20 über das primäre Steuergerät 31. System redundancies, such as B. a backup battery 52 (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) or a backup for the sensor network 20 via the primary control device 31.
Die Temperaturinformationen aus dem Sensornetzwerk 20 werden im primären Steuergerät 31 und/oder im sekundären Steuergerät 32 nach einer dort in Form einer Schaltung oder eines Rechenprogramms hinterlegten Logik in das The temperature information from the sensor network 20 is entered in the primary control device 31 and / or in the secondary control device 32 according to a logic stored there in the form of a circuit or a computer program
Erzeugen eines entsprechenden Aktorsignals oder von mehreren Generate one or more actuator signals
entsprechenden Aktorsignalen für das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil 14 und/oder die Absperrventile 12 übersetzt. Ein Beispiel für eine solche Logik ist das Aktivieren aller Ventile 12, 14, wenn mindestens eine der gemessenen Temperaturen eine vordefinierte Auslöseschwelle übersteigt, welche auf einen Brand hindeutet. Da das sekundäre Steuergerät 32 mit weiteren, corresponding actuator signals for the at least one safety valve 14 and / or the shut-off valves 12 translated. An example of such a logic is the activation of all valves 12, 14 when at least one of the measured temperatures exceeds a predefined trigger threshold, which is based on a Brand indicates. Since the secondary control unit 32 with further,
fahrzeugspezifischen Daten versorgt werden kann, kann diese Logik weiter ergänzt werden, um das Erkennen einer sicherheitskritischen Situation weiter zu plausibilisieren, etwa mit Informationen aus Beschleunigungssensoren, vehicle-specific data can be supplied, this logic can be further supplemented in order to further check the plausibility of the detection of a safety-critical situation, for example with information from acceleration sensors,
Airbagauslösung, Sitzbelegungssensoren, Umfeldsensoren, Airbag deployment, seat occupancy sensors, environment sensors,
Positionsbestimmung usw. Position determination, etc.
Das sekundäre Steuergerät 32 kann mit der primären (einzigen) Batterie 51 verbunden werden. Dabei ist es denkbar, dass eine Notablassung (z.B. bei sehr langen Standzeiten) nicht mehr möglich ist, wenn die in der Batterie verbleibende Energie nicht mehr zur Aktivierung der Ventile ausreicht. Um das Auftreten dieses Falles zu minimieren, kann über E-Call oder andere Datenverbindungen rechtzeitig eine Warnmeldung an den Fahrzeugbetreiber oder andere Stellen, wie z. B. eine E-Call-Zentrale, Feuerwehr, Pannendienst usw. abgesetzt werden. The secondary control device 32 can be connected to the primary (single) battery 51. It is conceivable that emergency lowering (e.g. if the vehicle is parked for a long time) is no longer possible if the energy remaining in the battery is no longer sufficient to activate the valves. In order to minimize the occurrence of this case, a warning message can be sent in good time to the vehicle operator or other bodies such as e-call or other data connections. B. an e-call center, fire brigade, breakdown service, etc. are deposited.
Aktorsignale werden gemäß der Erfindung zumindest oder ausschließlich über das sekundäre Steuergerät 32 erzeugt und ermöglichen die Steuerung der Absperrventile 12 bzw. der Sicherheitsventile 14. Temperaturinformationen werden zumindest oder ausschließlich von dem sekundären Steuergerät 32 empfangen und verarbeitet. Darüber hinaus können Redundanzen in dem primären Steuergerät 31 vorgesehen werden. Hierzu sind im Folgenden According to the invention, actuator signals are generated at least or exclusively via the secondary control unit 32 and enable the shut-off valves 12 or the safety valves 14 to be controlled. Temperature information is received and processed at least or exclusively by the secondary control unit 32. In addition, redundancies can be provided in the primary control device 31. These are the following
Ausführungen am Beispiel der Variante des Tanksystems 10 aus der Figur 2 beschrieben, die allerdings auch mit allen anderen bisher gezeigten Varianten der Figuren 3 bis 5 kombinierbar sind. Embodiments are described using the example of the variant of the tank system 10 from FIG. 2, which, however, can also be combined with all other variants of FIGS.
Die Figur 6 zeigt eine Variante der Erfindung, in der dieselbe Grundfunktionalität im Rahmen des Tanksystems 20 realisiert ist wie in der Figur 2. Zusätzlich ist die primäre Batterie 51 durch eine sekundäre Batterie, eine sog. Backup- Batterie 52, ergänzt. Dadurch wird das Auftreten des Falles, dass eine Notablassung aufgrund zu geringer Batteriespannung nicht mehr möglich ist, vermieden. Dazu kann die sekundäre Batterie auf lange Ladungserhaltung optimiert und von allen nicht sicherheitskritischen Stromverbrauchern isoliert werden. FIG. 6 shows a variant of the invention in which the same basic functionality is implemented in the context of the tank system 20 as in FIG. 2. In addition, the primary battery 51 is supplemented by a secondary battery, a so-called backup battery 52. This prevents the occurrence of an emergency lowering being no longer possible due to insufficient battery voltage. In addition, the secondary battery can be optimized for long charge retention and isolated from all non-safety-critical electricity consumers.
Die Figur 7 zeigt eine Variante der Erfindung, in der zusätzliche Redundanzen im Tanksystem 20 geschaffen werden. Dazu wird insbesondere die gesamte Funktionalität des sekundären Steuergeräts 32 zusätzlich im primären FIG. 7 shows a variant of the invention in which additional redundancies are created in the tank system 20. This is especially the whole Functionality of the secondary control device 32 additionally in the primary
Steuergerät 31 dupliziert. Dabei können beide Steuergeräte 31, 32 sowohl die Temperaturinformationen der Sensoren 21 empfangen und auswerten als auch Aktorsignale zur Aktivierung der Ventile 12, 14 erzeugen. Dadurch kann ein Hardwareausfall eines der beiden Steuergeräte 31, 32 vollständig kompensiert werden. Diese Redundanz kann entsprechend mit der in der Figur 6 Control unit 31 duplicated. Both control units 31, 32 can both receive and evaluate the temperature information from sensors 21 and also generate actuator signals for activating valves 12, 14. A hardware failure of one of the two control units 31, 32 can thereby be completely compensated for. This redundancy can correspond to the one shown in FIG
beschriebenen Redundanz bei der Energieversorgung kombiniert werden. described redundancy can be combined in the energy supply.
Denkbar ist auch eine Kombination der unterschiedlichen Redundanzen auf Energieversorgungs- und Steuergeräteseite (nicht abgebildet) sowie ein weiteres Aufteilen in Funktionen (Temperaturmessung, Rechner, Leistungsendstufen, ...) und Kombinationen mit unterschiedlichen Redundanzen innerhalb dieser Teilfunktionen. A combination of the different redundancies on the power supply and control device side (not shown) as well as a further division into functions (temperature measurement, computer, power output stages, ...) and combinations with different redundancies within these sub-functions is also conceivable.
Die voranstehende Beschreibung der Figuren beschreibt die vorliegende Erfindung ausschließlich im Rahmen von Beispielen. Selbstverständlich können einzelne Merkmale der Ausführungsformen, sofern es technisch sinnvoll ist, frei miteinander kombiniert werden, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. The preceding description of the figures describes the present invention exclusively in the context of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can, insofar as it is technically sensible, be freely combined with one another without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Tanksystem (10) zum Speichern und Bereitstellen von Brennstoff an einen Verbraucher, aufweisend: 1. Tank system (10) for storing and providing fuel to a consumer, comprising:
mehrere Tankflaschen (11) mit jeweils einem Absperrventil (12) zum Verschließen oder Öffnen der jeweiligen Tankflasche (11), several tank bottles (11) each with a shut-off valve (12) for closing or opening the respective tank bottle (11),
mindestens ein Sicherheitsventil (14) zum kontrollierten Ablassen des Brennstoffes in einem Notfall aus mindestens einer der mehreren at least one safety valve (14) for the controlled discharge of the fuel in an emergency from at least one of the several
Tankflaschen (11), Tank bottles (11),
ein Sensornetzwerk (20) zum Überwachen der mehreren Tankflaschen a sensor network (20) for monitoring the plurality of fuel bottles
(11), (11),
ein primäres Steuergerät (31) zum Ansteuern der Absperrventile (12), und ein sekundäres Steuergerät (32) zum Ansteuern des mindestens einen Sicherheitsventils (14) und/oder der Absperrventile (12), a primary control device (31) for controlling the shut-off valves (12), and a secondary control device (32) for controlling the at least one safety valve (14) and / or the shut-off valves (12),
wobei das sekundäre Steuergerät (31) zum Ansteuern des wherein the secondary control device (31) for controlling the
Sensornetzwerks (20) ausgeführt ist. Sensor network (20) is carried out.
2. Tanksystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, 2. tank system (10) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil (14) nur ein Sicherheitsventil (14a) umfasst, welches an einem gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang (Al, A2) der Absperrventile (12) angeordnet ist. that the at least one safety valve (14) comprises only one safety valve (14a) which is arranged at a common fluidic outlet (A1, A2) of the shut-off valves (12).
3. Tanksystem (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. tank system (10) according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass ein Druckregler (40) für die Absperrventile (12) vorgesehen ist, der fluidisch dem Verbraucher vorgeschaltet ist, um Brennstoff mit einem geeigneten Druck an den Verbraucher bereitzustellen, that a pressure regulator (40) is provided for the shut-off valves (12), which is fluidly connected upstream of the consumer in order to provide fuel at a suitable pressure to the consumer,
wobei das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil (14) an einem gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang (Al) der Absperrventile (12) vor dem Druckregler (40) oder an einem gemeinsamen fluidischen Ausgang (A2) der Absperrventile (12) nach dem Druckregler (40) angeordnet ist. wherein the at least one safety valve (14) at a common fluidic outlet (A1) of the shut-off valves (12) upstream of the pressure regulator (40) or at a common fluidic outlet (A2) of the shut-off valves (12) after the pressure regulator (40).
4. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 4. tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil (14) nur ein Sicherheitsventil (14a) umfasst, welches an einem separaten gemeinsamen fluidischen Ende (E2) der Tankflaschen (11) angeordnet ist, welches Ende (E2) den Absperrventilen (12) abgewandt ist. that the at least one safety valve (14) comprises only one safety valve (14a) which is arranged at a separate common fluidic end (E2) of the tank bottles (11), which end (E2) faces away from the shut-off valves (12).
5. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 5. tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das mindestens eine Sicherheitsventil (14) jeweils ein that the at least one safety valve (14) each one
Sicherheitsventil (14b) für jede der mehreren Tankflaschen (11) umfasst, welches an jeweils einem fluidischen Ende (E2) der jeweiligen Tankflasche (11) angeordnet ist, welches Ende (E2) den Absperrventilen (12) abgewandt ist. Safety valve (14b) for each of the several tank bottles (11), which is arranged at a respective fluidic end (E2) of the respective tank bottle (11), which end (E2) faces away from the shut-off valves (12).
6. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 6. tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass eine gemeinsame Batterie (51) für das primäre Steuergerät (31) und das sekundäre Steuergerät (32) vorgesehen ist. that a common battery (51) is provided for the primary control device (31) and the secondary control device (32).
7. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 7. tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass eine separate Backup- Batterie (52) für das sekundäre Steuergerät (32) vorgesehen ist. that a separate backup battery (52) is provided for the secondary control unit (32).
8. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 8. tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das primäre Steuergerät (31) und das sekundäre Steuergerät (32) zum Ansteuern des Sensornetzwerkes (20) ausgeführt sind. that the primary control device (31) and the secondary control device (32) are designed to control the sensor network (20).
9. Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 9. Tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
dass das Sensornetzwerk (20) mindestens zwei oder mehrere Sensoren (21) für jede der mehreren Tankflaschen (11) aufweist, die über der jeweiligen Tankflasche (11) verteilt angeordnet sind, that the sensor network (20) has at least two or more sensors (21) for each of the several fuel bottles (11) which are arranged distributed over the respective fuel bottle (11),
und/oder dass das Sensornetzwerk (20) einfach oder mehrfach verwendbare Temperatursensoren aufweist. and / or that the sensor network (20) has single or multiple use temperature sensors.
10. Fahrzeug mit einem Tanksystem (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 10. Vehicle with a tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
11. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 10, 11. Vehicle according to claim 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das primäre Steuergerät (31) und/oder das sekundäre Steuergerät (32) dazu ausgeführt sind/ist, bei einem detektierten Notfall durch das Sensornetzwerk (20) ein E-Call-Signal auszusenden, that the primary control device (31) and / or the secondary control device (32) are / is designed to send an e-call signal through the sensor network (20) in the event of a detected emergency,
und/oder das primäre Steuergerät (31) und/oder das sekundäre and / or the primary control device (31) and / or the secondary
Steuergerät (32) dazu ausgeführt sind/ist, fahrzeuginterne und/oder fahrzeugexterne Daten zum Verifizieren eines Notfalls heranzuziehen. Control unit (32) is / is designed to use vehicle-internal and / or vehicle-external data to verify an emergency.
12. Verwendung eines Tanksystems (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zum Speichern und Bereitstellen von Brennstoff an ein Brennstoffzellensystem. 12. Use of a tank system (10) according to one of the preceding claims for storing and providing fuel to a fuel cell system.
PCT/EP2020/066069 2019-07-31 2020-06-10 Tank system WO2021018457A1 (en)

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DE102019211422.9A DE102019211422A1 (en) 2019-07-31 2019-07-31 Tank system

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