WO2021018286A1 - 一种光交叉装置 - Google Patents

一种光交叉装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021018286A1
WO2021018286A1 PCT/CN2020/106191 CN2020106191W WO2021018286A1 WO 2021018286 A1 WO2021018286 A1 WO 2021018286A1 CN 2020106191 W CN2020106191 W CN 2020106191W WO 2021018286 A1 WO2021018286 A1 WO 2021018286A1
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optical
row
dimensional
optical waveguide
dimensional output
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PCT/CN2020/106191
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王谦
廖永平
陈杰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to JP2022506183A priority Critical patent/JP2022544072A/ja
Priority to EP20846904.9A priority patent/EP4006599A4/en
Publication of WO2021018286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021018286A1/zh
Priority to US17/587,091 priority patent/US11782209B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • G02B6/29386—Interleaving or deinterleaving, i.e. separating or mixing subsets of optical signals, e.g. combining even and odd channels into a single optical signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/12002—Three-dimensional structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3502—Optical coupling means having switching means involving direct waveguide displacement, e.g. cantilever type waveguide displacement involving waveguide bending, or displacing an interposed waveguide between stationary waveguides
    • G02B6/3504—Rotating, tilting or pivoting the waveguides, or with the waveguides describing a curved path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/3554—3D constellations, i.e. with switching elements and switched beams located in a volume
    • G02B6/3556—NxM switch, i.e. regular arrays of switches elements of matrix type constellation

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to an optical crossover device.
  • Dense wavelength division multiplexing technology combines multiple wavelengths together so that they can be amplified and transmitted as a whole in an optical fiber, so that there is no need to upgrade the existing optical fiber transmission equipment and greatly increase the transmission capacity.
  • the future all-optical network can be based on the dense wavelength division multiplexing technology.
  • the optical crossover system is the core device in the dense wavelength division multiplexing all-optical network. It can avoid the photoelectric and electro-optical conversion on each node in the high-speed electrical transmission network. The electronic bottleneck, thus achieving high reliability, large capacity and highly flexible transmission.
  • the optical crossover system realizes the switching between different optical ports through the built-in optical switching engine, and in order to realize the switching between the optical ports, the optical crossover device usually uses the method shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 to generate the optical ports. .
  • each optical path of the optical cross device is generated by perforating a silicon material or a glass material, and the optical fiber generates a two-dimensional light output port through these through holes.
  • the optical crossover scheme of the optical crossover device is fixed, and the processing cost is relatively high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an optical crossover device, which is used to provide multiple optical crossover solutions, save process costs, and eliminate coupling loss.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical crossover device, wherein the optical crossover device includes the single-row optical fiber array and a single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element, wherein the single-row optical fiber array and the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element
  • the optical waveguide element is coupled and connected, and the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element generates an arbitrarily curved spatial three-dimensional waveguide; and the single-row optical fiber array has the same coupling surface as the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element.
  • the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide elements have arbitrarily curved spatial three-dimensional waveguides inside, resulting in the light exit of the optical waveguide element can be combined arbitrarily, so that the optical crossover device can be implemented Various optical crossover schemes.
  • the spatial three-dimensional waveguide inside the optical waveguide element can be arbitrarily designed and molded at one time, thereby reducing the processing cost of the optical cross device.
  • each light exit port of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element is processed by femtosecond laser processing to generate a microlens, wherein the microlens is used for beam shaping the light beam output from the light exit.
  • the light exit port of the optical waveguide element is processed by a femtosecond laser processing method to generate a microlens, so that there is no gap between the microlens and the light exit port of the optical waveguide element, so no introduction Coupling loss.
  • the spatial three-dimensional waveguide inside the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element is generated by femtosecond laser processing.
  • the femtosecond laser processing method for the spatial three-dimensional waveguide inside the optical waveguide element can facilitate the processing of the optical waveguide element, thereby making the processing method simpler and reducing the processing cost.
  • the use of femtosecond laser processing can make the processed light outlet spacing reach the micron level, can achieve high-density light output, and provide solutions for high-density multi-port optical crossover systems; and the spatial waveguide path position in the optical waveguide component can achieve sub-micron Level accuracy greatly improves the debugging efficiency of the optical crossover device.
  • the combination of the light outlets of the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide elements includes but is not limited to two or more rows, non-uniform distribution, oblique distribution or high-density arrangement.
  • the light outlet of the single-row multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element generates multiple combinations, so that the optical crossover device can implement multiple optical crossover solutions.
  • the transmission path of the optical signal in the optical crossover device is as follows: the optical signal enters from the single-row optical inlet of the single-row optical fiber array, and from the single-row optical fiber array The output optical port is output to the single-row input port of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element; the optical signal is transmitted to the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide through the spatial three-dimensional waveguide optical path inside the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element Light outlet.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical crossover device
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another optical cross device
  • FIG. 3 is an application architecture diagram of an optical cross-connect system in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical cross device in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of the optical cross device in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the light exit combination of the optical waveguide element in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of the light exit combination of the optical waveguide element in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the microlens on the light exit surface of the optical waveguide element in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic processing diagram of the waveguide path of the optical waveguide element in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical cross device in an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an optical crossover device, which is used to provide multiple optical crossover solutions, save process costs, and eliminate coupling loss.
  • Dense wavelength division multiplexing technology combines multiple wavelengths together so that they can be amplified and transmitted as a whole in an optical fiber, so that there is no need to upgrade the existing optical fiber transmission equipment and greatly increase the transmission capacity.
  • the future all-optical network can be based on the dense wavelength division multiplexing technology.
  • the optical crossover system is the core device in the dense wavelength division multiplexing all-optical network. It can avoid the photoelectric and electro-optical conversion on each node in the high-speed electrical transmission network. The electronic bottleneck, thus achieving high reliability, large capacity and highly flexible transmission.
  • the optical crossover system (also called optical crossover equipment) realizes the switching between different optical ports through the built-in optical switching engine.
  • the specific application scenario is shown in Figure 3:
  • the optical signal is output to the optical crossover device through the input end, and then
  • the optical crossover device changes the optical signal from a single-row input to a multi-dimensional output beam and transmits it to the spot shaping system;
  • the spot shaping system shapes the beam; and after the optical signal dispersion system performs dispersion compensation on the fiber signal, Switch the channel, and finally output through the output end and connect to the optical fiber at the output end.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical crossover device 400, which includes a single-row optical fiber array 401 and a single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402; wherein, the single-row optical fiber array 401 and the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402
  • the output optical waveguide element 402 is coupled and connected, and the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 generates an arbitrary curved spatial three-dimensional waveguide; and the single-row optical fiber array 401 has the same coupling surface as the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 .
  • the single-row optical fiber array 401 and the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 on the coupling surface of the single-row optical fiber array 401 and the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402, how many light exits the single-row optical fiber array 401 includes, then the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide 402 includes How many optical inlets are coupled, and the positions correspond to each other, so as to realize the smooth transmission of optical signals.
  • the single-row optical fiber array 401 includes five output optical ports
  • the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 includes ten optical input ports
  • five rows of two optical ports are formed at the optical output port.
  • the combination of columns requires two single-row optical fiber arrays 401 when assembling the optical crossover device 400, so that the number of light exits of the single-row optical fiber array 401 is the same as the number of light entrances of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402. And the positions correspond one by one.
  • the light exit ports of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 can generate any combination.
  • the combination of the light exit ports of the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 includes, but is not limited to, two or more rows of ports, non-uniform distribution of ports, oblique distribution of ports, or high-density arrangement of ports, etc. Wait.
  • the specific combination is not limited here, as long as the specific requirements are met.
  • the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 can not only be single-row input and double-row output (that is, to generate a two-dimensional light outlet), because the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 is a cube, except One side of a single row of input optical ports can output light from other surfaces, thereby generating optical output ports.
  • the optical signal is output from the single-row optical input port of the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402, and then enters the spatial three-dimensional waveguide path in the multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 through the single-row. Three-dimensional light outlet output.
  • each light exit port of the single-row input, multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 is processed by femtosecond laser processing to generate a microlens, where the microlens is used for beam shaping the light beam output from the light exit.
  • the light exit port of the optical waveguide element is processed by a femtosecond laser processing method to generate a microlens, so that there is no gap between the microlens and the light exit port of the optical waveguide element, so no introduction Coupling loss. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 has multiple light-exit ports in the light-emitting direction, and each light-out port has one directly processed on the surface of the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402.
  • the formed microlenses are thus opened into a microlens array.
  • the spatial three-dimensional waveguide inside the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 is generated by a femtosecond laser processing method.
  • a femtosecond laser processing method due to the short pulse width of the laser, a very high peak power (pulse energy/pulse width) can be obtained with a lower pulse energy.
  • the material to be processed is further focused by an objective lens, etc., due to the energy near the focus The density is very high and can cause various strong nonlinear effects.
  • the femtosecond laser can process and modify the interior of transparent materials such as optical fibers.
  • the femtosecond laser processing method for the spatial three-dimensional waveguide inside the optical waveguide element can facilitate the processing of the optical waveguide element, thereby simplifying the processing method and reducing the processing cost.
  • the use of femtosecond laser processing can make the processed light outlet spacing reach the micron level, can achieve high-density light output, and provide solutions for high-density multi-port optical crossover systems; and the spatial waveguide path position in the optical waveguide component can achieve sub-micron Level accuracy greatly improves the debugging efficiency of the optical crossover device.
  • the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 in the present application when processing the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 in the present application by femtosecond laser processing, it is necessary to first set the processing path of each path in the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402, and then The single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402 is processed through a processing path.
  • a line from (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) Waveguide path in the three-dimensional coordinate system, for the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element 402, a line from (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) Waveguide path.
  • the transmission path of the optical signal in the optical crossover device is as follows: the optical signal enters from the single-row optical inlet of the single-row optical fiber array, and outputs from the single-row optical fiber array to the The single-row input port of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element; the optical signal is transmitted to the light exit port of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide through the spatial three-dimensional waveguide optical path inside the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element.
  • the processing method is as follows:
  • each spatial three-dimensional waveguide path in the single-row input and multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element and then input the processing path of the spatial three-dimensional waveguide path into the femtosecond laser processing system; then use the femtosecond laser processing system to treat the unprocessed
  • the optical waveguide element is processed.
  • the optical crossover device 1000 includes the optical crossover device 1001, the lens system 1002, and the optical switching system described in any one of FIGS. 4 to 9 above. 1003.
  • the optical cross device 1001 includes a single-row optical fiber array and a single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element.
  • the light entrance of the single-row optical fiber array is used to receive optical signals, and the light exit of the single-row optical fiber array is connected to the single-row input
  • the light inlets of the multi-dimensional output optical waveguide elements correspond one-to-one and are coupled and connected, so that the optical signal is transmitted to the light outlet of the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide through the spatial three-dimensional waveguide optical path inside the single-row input multi-dimensional output optical waveguide element.
  • the lens system includes a lens combination and a grating for shaping the light path output by the light cross device.
  • the optical switching system is used to switch the output port of the optical path.
  • the optical switching system can be a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) or a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror array.
  • LCOS liquid crystal on silicon
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • the optical cross-connect device may be an optical cross-connect (OXC) or a wavelength selective switch (wavelength selective switch, WSS).
  • OXC optical cross-connect
  • WSS wavelength selective switch
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

一种光交叉装置（400），用于提供多种光交叉方案，且节省工艺成本，消除耦合损耗。光交叉装置（400）包括单排光纤阵列（401）和单排输入多维输出光波导元件（402），其中，单排光纤阵列（401）与单排输入多维输出光波导元件（402）耦合连接，且单排输入多维输出光波导元件（402）内部生成任意弯曲的空间三维波导；且单排光纤阵列（401）与单排输入多维输出光波导元件（402）的耦合面相同。

Description

一种光交叉装置
本申请要求于2019年07月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910702129.X、发明名称为“一种光交叉装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及一种光交叉装置。
背景技术
随着光纤通信技术的迅速发展，以前只能传输一个波长的光纤现在可以传送40个甚至更多的波长，每个波长的传输速度提高很多。密集波分复用技术把多个波长集合在一起以使它们可以在一根光纤作为一个整体进行放大和传输，这样就无须对现有的光纤传输设备进行升级而极大的增加传输容量。未来的全光网可以密集波分复用技术为基础，光交叉系统是密集波分复用全光网中的核心器件，它可以避免高速电传输网络中各个节点上的光电和电光转换所产生的电子瓶颈，从而实现高可靠，大容量和高灵活的传输。光交叉系统通过内置光学切换引擎从而实现不同光端口间的切换，而为了实现这种光端口之间的切换，对于光交叉装置目前通常是采用如图1或图2所示的方法生成光端口。
在图1所示的光交叉装置中，该光交叉装置是将两个一维光纤阵列并列粘接在一起，从而形成一个二维的出光端口。在图2所示的光交叉装置中，该光交叉装置的各光路是通过在硅材料或者玻璃材料上进行打孔生成，光纤通过这些通孔生成二维的出光端口。
这样导致该光交叉装置的光交叉方案固定，且加工成本较高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种光交叉装置，用于提供多种光交叉方案，且节省工艺成本，消除耦合损耗。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种光交叉装置，其中该光交叉装置包括该单排光纤阵列和单排输入多维输出光波导元件，其中，该单排光纤阵列与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件耦合连接，且该单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部生成任意弯曲的空间三维波导；且该单排光纤阵列与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的耦合面相同。
可以理解的是，该单排光纤阵列与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的耦合面上，该单排光纤阵列包含多少个出光口，则该单排输入多维输出光波导包含多少个入光口，且耦合后，位置也一一对应，从而实现光信号的顺利传输。
本实施例提供的光交叉装置中，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的内部存在任意弯曲的空间三维波导，导致在该光波导元件的出光口可以进行任意组合，使得该光交叉装置可以实现多种光交叉方案。且光波导元件内部的空间三维波导可以任意设计，一次成型，从而降低光交叉装置的加工成本。
可选的，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的每个出光口表面采用飞秒激光加工方式加 工生成微透镜，其中，该微透镜用于对从该出光口输出的光束进行光束整形。在本实施例中，该光波导元件的出光口采用飞秒激光加工方式一次成型的加工生成微透镜，从而使得该微透镜与该光波导元件的出光口之间不留缝隙，从而不再引入耦合损耗。
可选的，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导采用飞秒激光加工方式生成。的本实施例中，该光波导元件的内部的空间三维波导采用飞秒激光加工方式可以方便该光波导元件的加工，从而使得加工方法更简单，降低加工成本。且采用飞秒激光加工可以使得加工后的出光口间距达到微米级别，可以实现高密度出光，为高密度多端口光交叉系统提供解决方案；而光波导元件中的空间波导路径位置可以实现亚微米级别精度，大大提高光交叉装置的调试效率。
可选的，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的出光口的组合形式包括但不限于两排或多排、非均匀分布、倾斜式分布或高密排列。本实施例中，该单排入多维输出光波导元件的出光口生成多种组合方式，从而使得该光交叉装置可以实现多种光交叉方案。
第二方面，基于第一方面的光交叉装置，该光交叉装置中的光信号的传输路径如下：光信号从该单排光纤阵列的单排入光口进入，从该单排光纤阵列的单排出光口输出至该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的单排输入端口；该光信号通过该单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导光路传输至该单排输入多维输出光波导的出光口。
附图说明
图1为一种光交叉装置的示意图；
图2为另一种光交叉装置的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中光交叉系统的应用架构图；
图4为本申请实施例中光交叉装置的一种示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中光交叉装置的另一种示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中光波导元件的出光口组合的一种示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中光波导元件的出光口组合的另一种示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中光波导元件的出光口表面的微透镜示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中光波导元件的波导路径的一个加工示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中光交叉设备的一个实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种光交叉装置，用于提供多种光交叉方案，且节省工艺成本，消除耦合损耗。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或 设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
随着光纤通信技术的迅速发展，以前只能传输一个波长的光纤现在可以传送40个甚至更多的波长，每个波长的传输速度提高很多。密集波分复用技术把多个波长集合在一起以使它们可以在一根光纤作为一个整体进行放大和传输，这样就无须对现有的光纤传输设备进行升级而极大的增加传输容量。未来的全光网可以密集波分复用技术为基础，光交叉系统是密集波分复用全光网中的核心器件，它可以避免高速电传输网络中各个节点上的光电和电光转换所产生的电子瓶颈，从而实现高可靠，大容量和高灵活的传输。光交叉系统(也称之为光交叉设备)通过内置光学切换引擎从而实现不同光端口间的切换，其具体应用场景如图3所示：光信号通过输入端输出至所述光交叉装置，然后该光交叉装置将该光信号由单排输入改为多维输出的光束，并传输至光斑整形系统；该光斑整形系统将光束进行整形；并通过光信号色散系统对光纤信号进行色散补偿之后，再进行通道切换，最终通过该输出端输出，并连接到输出端的光纤上。
如图4所示，本申请实施例提供一种光交叉装置400，其包括单排光纤阵列401和单排输入多维输出光波导元件402；其中，该单排光纤阵列401与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402耦合连接，且该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402内部生成任意弯曲的空间三维波导；且该单排光纤阵列401与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的耦合面相同。
本实施例中，该单排光纤阵列401与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的耦合面上，该单排光纤阵列401包含多少个出光口，则该单排输入多维输出光波导402包含多少个入光口，且耦合后，位置也一一对应，从而实现光信号的顺利传输。
如图5所示，假设该单排光纤阵列401包含五个输出光口，而该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402包含了十个入光口，且在该出光口位置形成了五排两列的组合，则在组装该光交叉装置400时需要2个单排光纤阵列401，使得该单排光纤阵列401的出光口与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的入光口数量相同，且位置一一对应。
由于该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402内部存在可任意弯曲的空间三维波导路径，因此该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的出光口可以生成任意组合。如图6所示，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的出光口的组合包括但不限于端口是两排或者多排、端口是非均匀分布、端口是倾斜式分布或端口是高密度排列等等。具体组合方式此处并不限定，只要满足具体需求即可。可以理解的是，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402不仅仅可以单排输入双排输出(即生成二维出光口)，由于该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402是一个方体，除了单排输入光口的一面，其他面都可以进行光输出，从而生成出光口。如图7所示，该光信号从该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的单排入光口输出，然后通过该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402内的空间三维波导路径，从分布在空间三维的出光口输出。
可选的，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的每个出光口表面采用飞秒激光加工方式加工生成微透镜，其中，该微透镜用于对从该出光口输出的光束进行光束整形。在本实施例中，该光波导元件的出光口采用飞秒激光加工方式一次成型的加工生成微透镜，从而使得该微透镜与该光波导元件的出光口之间不留缝隙，从而不再引入耦合损耗。具体如图 8所示，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402的出光方向上，具有多个出光口，而每个出光口都具有一个直接在该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402表面加工形成的微透镜，从而开成一个微透镜阵列。
可选的，该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402内部的空间三维波导采用飞秒激光加工方式生成。飞秒激光技术中，由于激光脉宽很短，较低的脉冲能量就可以获得极高的峰值功率(脉冲能量/脉宽)，当用物镜等进一步聚焦到待加工材料时，由于焦点附近能量密度很高，能引起各种强烈的非线性效应。而飞秒激光能对光纤等透明材料内部进行三维加工和改性。在本实施例中，该光波导元件的内部的空间三维波导采用飞秒激光加工方式可以方便该光波导元件的加工，从而使得加工方法更简单，降低加工成本。且采用飞秒激光加工可以使得加工后的出光口间距达到微米级别，可以实现高密度出光，为高密度多端口光交叉系统提供解决方案；而光波导元件中的空间波导路径位置可以实现亚微米级别精度，大大提高光交叉装置的调试效率。其中，在采用飞秒激光加工的方式对本申请中的单排输入多维输出光波导元件402进行加工时，需要先设定该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402中各路径的加工路径，然后将该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402通过加工路径进行加工。一种示例中如图9所示，在三维坐标系统中，为该单排输入多维输出光波导元件402设计一条从(x 0,y 0,z 0)到(x 1,y 1,z 1)的波导路径。
基于上述的光交叉装置，该光交叉装置中的光信号的传输路径如下：光信号从该单排光纤阵列的单排入光口进入，从该单排光纤阵列的单排出光口输出至该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的单排输入端口；该光信号通过该单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导光路传输至该单排输入多维输出光波导的出光口。
而对于该光交叉装置，其加工方法如下：
先设计好该单排输入多维输出光波导元件中各空间三维波导路径，然后将该空间三维波导路径的加工路径输入该飞秒激光加工系统；然后利用该飞秒激光加工系统对未加工过的光波导元件进行加工。
本申请还提供一种光交叉设备，具体请参阅图10所示，该光交叉设备1000包括上述图4至图9中任一项所述描述的光交叉装置1001、透镜系统1002以及光切换系统1003。其中，该光交叉装置1001包括单排光纤阵列和单排输入多维输出光波导元件，该单排光纤阵列的入光口用于接收光信号，该单排光纤阵列的出光口与该单排输入多维输出光波导元件的入光口一一对应并耦合连接，使得该光信号通过该单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导光路传输至该单排输入多维输出光波导的出光口。该透镜系统包括透镜组合以及光栅，用于对该光交叉装置输出的光路进行整形。该光切换系统用于切换光路的输出端口。其中，该光切换系统可以为硅基液晶可编程元件(liquid crystal on silicon，LCOS)或者是微机电系统(microelectro mechanical systems，MEMS)镜面阵列。
本实施例中，该光交叉设备可以是光交叉互连开关(optical cross-connect，OXC)或者波长选择开关(wavelength selective switch，WSS)。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种光交叉装置，其特征在于，包括：
    单排光纤阵列和单排输入多维输出光波导元件，所述单排光纤阵列与所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件耦合连接，所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部生成任意弯曲的空间三维波导；
    其中，所述单排光纤阵列与所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件的耦合面相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件的出光口表面采用飞秒激光加工方式加工生成微透镜，所述微透镜阵列用于进行光束整形。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导采用飞秒激光加工方式生成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件的出光口的组合形式包括但不限于两排或多排、非均匀分布、倾斜式分布或高密排列。
  5. 一种光路流向方法，应用于包括单排光纤阵列和单排输入多维输出光波导元件的光交叉装置，其中，所述单排光纤阵列与所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件耦合连接，所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部生成任意弯曲的空间三维波导；所述单排光纤阵列与所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件的耦合面相同，其特征在于，包括：
    光信号从所述单排光纤阵列的单排入光口进入，从所述单排光纤阵列的单排出光口输出至所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件的单排输入端口；
    所述光信号通过所述单排输入多维输出光波导元件内部的空间三维波导光路传输至所述单排输入多维输出光波导的出光口。
  6. 一种光交叉设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-4任一所述的光交叉装置、透镜系统以及光切换系统；
    所述光交叉装置用于接收光信号并输出至所述透镜系统；
    所述透镜系统用于对传输所述光信号的光路进行整形；
    所述光切换系统切换所述光信号的输出端口。
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