WO2021017485A1 - 基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质 - Google Patents

基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2021017485A1
WO2021017485A1 PCT/CN2020/079769 CN2020079769W WO2021017485A1 WO 2021017485 A1 WO2021017485 A1 WO 2021017485A1 CN 2020079769 W CN2020079769 W CN 2020079769W WO 2021017485 A1 WO2021017485 A1 WO 2021017485A1
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blockchain
item
wallet
node
acceptance
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PCT/CN2020/079769
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨文锋
修宾彬
者文明
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北京京东振世信息技术有限公司
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Priority to JP2022502955A priority Critical patent/JP7478808B2/ja
Priority to US17/629,467 priority patent/US20220245621A1/en
Priority to KR1020227005583A priority patent/KR20220038110A/ko
Priority to EP20846805.8A priority patent/EP3989144A4/en
Publication of WO2021017485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017485A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/083—Shipping
    • G06Q10/0833—Tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0876—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities based on the identity of the terminal or configuration, e.g. MAC address, hardware or software configuration or device fingerprint
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to, but are not limited to, computer technology, and in particular to a method, platform, and storage medium for logistics physical delivery based on blockchain.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a method, platform and storage medium for physical delivery of logistics based on blockchain to solve the problem of long time required for manual return of documents to the sender and the documents are easy to be tampered with in related technologies, realizing real-time Check the inventory information of items in each blockchain wallet, and track the transfer information of items between each blockchain wallet.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain-based logistics physical handover method, the method includes:
  • sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package including at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, transfer the at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node To the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node; wherein each item has a unique digital equity proof identifier;
  • the receiver node processes the at least one item based on the acceptance result, and stores the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the method further includes:
  • sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package including at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it is determined that the property right of the at least one item has been transferred, and the property right transfer information is obtained;
  • the property transfer information is stored in the blockchain.
  • the processing the at least one item based on the acceptance result by the receiver node includes:
  • the acceptance result indicates that the receiver node determines that the at least one item meets the acceptance condition, sign for the at least one item based on the acceptance result through the receiver node;
  • the at least one item is accounted into the second blockchain wallet.
  • the storing the processing result in the blockchain includes:
  • the second processing result representing the accounting of the at least one item in the second blockchain wallet is stored in the blockchain.
  • the processing the at least one item based on the acceptance result by the receiver node includes:
  • the acceptance result indicates that the recipient node determines that the at least one item does not meet the acceptance condition, refuse to sign for the at least one item based on the acceptance result through the recipient node;
  • the at least one item is transferred to the first blockchain wallet.
  • the storing the processing result in the blockchain includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the first information associated with the items in the first blockchain wallet is obtained through the first wallet address.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second information associated with the item in the second blockchain wallet is obtained through the second wallet address.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain-based logistics physical handover method, and the method includes:
  • the at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred to the second blockchain wallet of the receiver node; wherein each item has a unique digital equity proof identifier.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain-based logistics physical handover method, and the method includes:
  • sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package including at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, and the at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred In the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node, check and accept the at least one item to obtain an acceptance result; wherein each item has a unique digital equity certification identifier;
  • the at least one item is processed based on the acceptance result, and the processing result is stored in the blockchain.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a blockchain-based physical logistics handover platform, and the blockchain-based physical logistics handover platform includes:
  • Memory used to store executable instructions
  • the processor is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the steps of the above-mentioned blockchain-based logistics physical handover method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium that stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the aforementioned The steps of the blockchain logistics physical delivery method.
  • the application of the embodiments of this application achieves the following beneficial effects: cancel paper documents and use electronic documents; in the process of item handover, electronic documents representing the circulation of items are recorded on the blockchain to prevent electronic documents from being tampered and traceable; at the same time, electronic documents
  • the documents are uploaded to the chain in real time to ensure that all nodes of the physical transfer of logistics on the blockchain are informed of the logistics status in time; in addition, a single physical object is described as an ERC-721 Token to realize the physical transfer, and the ultimate holder of the property right is recorded in On the wallet address of the user who currently holds the item; realize real-time view of the inventory information of the items in each blockchain wallet, and track the transfer information of items between each blockchain wallet.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a method, platform and storage medium for physical delivery of logistics based on blockchain.
  • the method includes: if the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package containing at least one item to the receiver in the blockchain.
  • the party node transfers at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the receiver node; wherein, each item has a unique digital proof of rights identification; obtain the receiver node For the acceptance result of at least one item; the receiver node processes at least one item based on the acceptance result, and stores the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the processing result is part of the information that constitutes the electronic document; thus, the solution In related technologies, it takes a long time to manually return the documents to the sender and the documents are easy to be tampered with.
  • To realize the timely storage of electronic documents in the blockchain to ensure that the electronic documents are not tampered with and can be traced, and to ensure that the blockchain is The various nodes of the can obtain the information in the electronic receipt in real time, and grasp the logistics status of the item and the related information of the property transfer of the item.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for physical handover of logistics based on blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another method for physical handover of logistics based on blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of yet another method for logistics physical handover based on blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for physical handover of logistics based on a blockchain according to another embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first ⁇ second ⁇ third referred to in the embodiments of this application only distinguishes similar objects, and does not represent a specific order of objects. Understandably, “first ⁇ second ⁇ third” "If permitted, the specific order or sequence can be interchanged, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein.
  • Digital proof of rights and interests is a digital proof of warrants owned by the holder based on the principles of encryption in the blockchain network, including encrypted digital currencies such as Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), and It can include tokens, such as securities, bonds/derivative market products.
  • BTC Bitcoin
  • ETH Ethereum
  • ERC-721 is non-fungible tokens (Non-Fungible Tokens, NFTs), that is, non-fungible tokens, which can be understood as each token is unique. That is to say, each Token of ERC721 has an independent and unique Token Identity document (TokenID), which is a protocol standard for smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain.
  • NFTs Non-Fungible Tokens
  • TokenID Token Identity
  • Blockchain wallet is a support system that stores the public and private keys of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, the address corresponding to the private key, the currency settlement of the address (group), and currency transactions. Understandably, the support system even includes the accounting and maintenance of the entire blockchain. Since the cryptocurrency is based on the blockchain, the actual amount is based on the final record of the blockchain. Since Ethereum launched the ERC-721 protocol, the wallet can not only store currency, but also store virtual items.
  • each blockchain wallet corresponds to an address to uniquely identify the wallet ID.
  • Block which records the data structure of the ledger data updated by the exchange over a period of time, is marked with a timestamp and the unique mark of the previous block (such as a digital fingerprint), and the block passes through the nodes in the blockchain network After the consensus is verified, it will be appended to the end of the blockchain to become a new block.
  • Blockchain a chained data structure composed of blocks in a sequential connection. Each block refers to the hash value of the previous block or a subset thereof, thereby using cryptography The way to ensure that the recorded transactions cannot be tampered with and cannot be forged.
  • the new block is incorporated into a series of non-centralized nodes in the blockchain through consensus.
  • this embodiment of the application provides a blockchain-based logistics physical handover method, which is applied to a blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform that is deployed on the blockchain As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • Step 101 If the sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package including at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, transfer at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the receiver The node's second blockchain wallet.
  • each item has a unique digital equity certification identifier.
  • the digital equity certification identifier includes TokenID
  • each item in each package is described by the ERC-721 standard
  • each item has a unique TokenID
  • each package includes at least one item.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform can package at least one item into a package through the following code.
  • the description based on protobuff is implemented as follows:
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform packs at least one item according to the ERC-721 standard to obtain a package; second, the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform sends via the blockchain A party node such as node A obtains the TokenID of each item in the package from the package; again, the blockchain-based logistics material handover platform determines that the sender node authorizes the package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain such as Node B transfers at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the receiver node.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform transfers at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node, such as node B .
  • the property right of at least one item mentioned above does not belong to the second blockchain wallet of Node B.
  • Step 102 Obtain the acceptance result of the at least one item by the receiver node.
  • the acceptance result includes a result that characterizes the receiver node determining that at least one item meets the acceptance condition or the characterization result that the receiver node determines that at least one item does not meet the acceptance condition.
  • the acceptance conditions are related to the attribute information of at least one item and/or the logistics and distribution information of at least one item; for example, the acceptance conditions include but are not limited to conditions associated with the quality of at least one item, and conditions associated with the logistics and distribution of at least one item Conditions, conditions associated with the actual quantity of at least one item, etc.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform transfers at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node, and blockchain-based logistics The physical delivery platform obtains the acceptance result of the at least one item from the receiver node.
  • Step 103 Process at least one item based on the acceptance result through the receiver node, and store the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the blockchain-based logistics material handover platform when the blockchain-based logistics material handover platform processes at least one item based on the acceptance result through the receiver node, it includes performing sign-for processing or rejection processing for at least one item.
  • At least one ERC-721 item authorized by the sender node to the receiver node may not necessarily be received by the receiver node; understandably, the authorized operation can be characterized as a delivery action in logistics, and delivery is possible Successful or unsuccessful, the success of delivery is related to the acceptance result of at least one ERC-721 item by the recipient node.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform processes at least one item based on the acceptance result through the receiver node, and stores the processing result in the blockchain in real time.
  • the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain
  • the first node of the sender node At least one item in a blockchain wallet is transferred to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node; wherein, each item has a unique digital equity proof identification; the acceptance result of the at least one item by the recipient node is obtained;
  • the receiving node processes at least one item based on the acceptance result, and stores the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the processing result is part of the information that constitutes the electronic document; thus, it solves the problem of manually returning the document to the sender in the related technology It takes a long time for the party and the documents are easy to be tampered with. Realize the timely storage of electronic documents in the blockchain, ensure that the electronic documents will not be tampered with and can be tracked, and ensure that each node in the blockchain can learn the electronic documents in real time Information, grasp the logistics status of items and related information about the transfer of property rights of items.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain-based logistics physical handover method, which is applied to a blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the method include:
  • Step 201 If the sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, transfer at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the receiver The node's second blockchain wallet.
  • each item has a unique digital equity certification identifier.
  • the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package that includes at least one item to the recipient node in the blockchain, such as node B, which can be described as node A assigning each package in a package to The process of ERC-721 standard Token authorizing approve to node B.
  • Approve is defined as: function approve(address to, uint256 tokenID); further, the authorization operation can be expressed as A.approve(B,tokened) ; Transfer the items corresponding to the tokenID in the first blockchain wallet of node A to the second blockchain wallet of node B.
  • Step 202 Determine that the property right of at least one item has been transferred, obtain property right transfer information, and store the property right transfer information in the blockchain.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform determines that the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it can first perform the determination at least The property rights of an item are transferred, the property rights transfer information is obtained, and the property rights transfer information is stored in the blockchain, and then at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred to Operations in the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node.
  • storing the property rights transfer information in the blockchain can also be referred to as writing to the blockchain.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform determines that the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it can first Execute the operation of transferring at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node, and then execute to determine that the property right of at least one item has been transferred, and the property right transfer is obtained Information, and the operation of storing property transfer information in the blockchain.
  • the blockchain-based logistics material handover platform determines that the sender node in the blockchain authorizes a package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it can simultaneously Perform the operation of transferring at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node, and determine that the property right of at least one item has been transferred, and obtain the property right transfer information , And the operation of storing property transfer information in the blockchain.
  • Step 203 Obtain the acceptance result of the at least one item by the receiver node.
  • the acceptance result of the receiver node for at least one item is used to confirm the property right of the at least one item, that is, the object to which it belongs.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform determines that the property rights of at least one item has been transferred, obtains the property rights transfer information, and stores the property rights transfer information in the blockchain.
  • the property rights of at least one item A blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform is required to make further confirmation.
  • the logistics physical delivery platform based on the blockchain may further confirm the property rights of at least one item based on the acceptance result of the at least one item by the receiver node.
  • step 204 to step 206 or step 207 to step 209 may be selected to be executed.
  • Step 204 If the acceptance result indicates that the receiver node determines that at least one item meets the acceptance condition, the receiver node signs for at least one item based on the acceptance result.
  • the behavior of the receiving node to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result can be described as a takeOwnership (tokenID) action that meets the ERC-721 standard; that is, if the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform obtains The takeOwnership (tokenID) action performed by the receiver node determines that the receiver node has signed for at least one item based on the acceptance result.
  • a takeOwnership (tokenID) action that meets the ERC-721 standard; that is, if the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform obtains
  • the takeOwnership (tokenID) action performed by the receiver node determines that the receiver node has signed for at least one item based on the acceptance result.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform obtains the package containing at least one item through the receiver node, it scans the package and takes out all the TokenIDs. If the acceptance is qualified, it is determined that at least one item meets the acceptance conditions, then the receiver node is passed Perform the takeOwnership action.
  • Step 205 Debit at least one item into the second blockchain wallet.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform will account for at least one item in the second blockchain wallet when the receiver node executes the takeOwnership action. At this time, the item of at least one item is confirmed The right belongs to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform will account for at least one item in the second blockchain wallet to ensure that all nodes in the blockchain network can view the ownership of at least one item.
  • Step 206 Store the first processing result that characterizes the receipt of at least one item by the recipient node in the blockchain, and store the second processing result that characterizes the at least one item being accounted into the second blockchain wallet in the blockchain .
  • the signing of at least one item in the logistics is described as the takeOwnership (tokenID) action of ERC-721. Only the items that pass the acceptance will enter the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node. This characterization is the return process of logistics signing.
  • the blockchain-based logistics material handover platform stores the first processing result that characterizes the receipt of at least one item by the recipient node in the blockchain, and stores the characterization to account for at least one item on the second blockchain
  • the second processing result in the wallet is transferred to the blockchain to ensure that all nodes can easily check which items complying with ERC-721 are currently held in each blockchain wallet.
  • a single physical object is described as an ERC-721 Token, the physical object is handed over, and the ultimate holder of the property right is recorded on the blockchain wallet address of the current holding item.
  • storing the first processing result and the second processing result in the blockchain can also be referred to as operating and writing to the blockchain.
  • Step 207 If the acceptance result indicates that the recipient node determines that at least one item does not meet the acceptance condition, the recipient node refuses to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result.
  • the behavior of the receiver node to refuse to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result can be described as a refuse (tokenID) action that meets the ERC-721 standard; that is, if the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform obtains After the refuse (tokenID) action performed by the receiver node, it is determined that the receiver node refuses to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result.
  • a refuse (tokenID) action that meets the ERC-721 standard
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform obtains the package including at least one item through the receiver node, it scans the package and takes out all the TokenIDs. If the acceptance fails, it is determined that at least one item does not meet the acceptance conditions, and then it passes the acceptance The party node executes the refuse(tokenID) action.
  • Step 208 Transfer at least one item to the first blockchain wallet.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform transfers at least one item to the first blockchain wallet when the recipient node executes the refuse (tokenID) action.
  • the receiver node executes the Refuse (tokenID) action, at least one item will still be returned to the sender node, such as the first blockchain wallet of node A.
  • Step 209 Store the third processing result indicating that the recipient node refuses to sign for at least one item in the blockchain, and store the fourth processing result indicating that the at least one item is transferred to the first blockchain wallet to the blockchain .
  • the blockchain-based physical logistics handover platform in the case that the blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform transfers at least one item to the first blockchain wallet, stores the signature that the recipient node refuses to sign for at least one
  • the third processing result of the item is stored in the blockchain
  • the fourth processing result representing the transfer of at least one item to the first blockchain wallet is stored in the blockchain to ensure that all nodes can easily view the current areas What ERC-721-compliant items are held in the blockchain wallet, and to ensure that all nodes can view the receiving node's rejection of at least one item, and even the reason for the rejection.
  • storing the third processing result and the fourth processing result in the blockchain can also be referred to as operating and writing to the blockchain.
  • the blockchain-based physical delivery method of logistics described in the embodiment of the present application may further include the following steps:
  • the operation purpose of the first operation includes but is not limited to finding items that meet ERC-721 in the first blockchain wallet, and which items in the first blockchain wallet are transferred out/transferred in a period of time that comply with ERC -721 items.
  • users can use the first wallet address to log in to the first blockchain wallet on the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform, and then perform operations to view relevant information of the first blockchain wallet.
  • the first information includes information to be acquired for the operation purpose of the first operation.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical delivery platform obtains the first operation, based on the first operation, the first information associated with the items in the first blockchain wallet is obtained through the first wallet address.
  • each node may have a wallet address. Through the wallet address, you can view the relevant information of the items in the blockchain wallet corresponding to the wallet address in real time. In this way, check the inventory information of the items in each blockchain wallet in real time, and track the transfer information of items between each blockchain wallet.
  • the blockchain-based physical delivery method of logistics described in the embodiment of the present application may further include the following steps:
  • the operation purpose of the second operation includes but is not limited to finding items that meet ERC-721 in the second blockchain wallet, and which items in the second blockchain wallet are transferred out/transferred in compliance with ERC within a period of time -721 items.
  • users can use the second wallet address to log in to the second blockchain wallet on the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform, and then perform the operation of viewing the relevant information of the second blockchain wallet.
  • the second information includes information to be obtained for the operation purpose of the second operation.
  • the blockchain-based logistics physical transfer platform obtains the second operation, based on the second operation, the second information associated with the items in the second blockchain wallet is obtained through the second wallet address.
  • each node in the blockchain network including the sender node and the receiver node, has a wallet address, which can be easily checked from the blockchain wallet corresponding to the wallet address.
  • a node corresponds to Which ERC-721-compliant items have been transferred from/to your account?
  • Each node in the blockchain network, including the sender node and the receiver node can easily check which items are currently in compliance with ERC-721 in each blockchain wallet.
  • the operations of item transactions are stored in the blockchain, and the goods are tokens that meet ERC-721 and are stored in the blockchain wallets corresponding to different nodes.
  • the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: cancel paper documents and use electronic documents; in the process of item handover, electronic documents that characterize the circulation of items are recorded on the blockchain to prevent the electronic documents from being tampered with and traceable; , The electronic documents are uploaded to the chain in real time to ensure that all nodes on the blockchain of the physical transfer of logistics are informed of the logistics status in time; in addition, a single physical object is described as an ERC-721 Token to realize the physical transfer and the ultimate holder of the property rights Recorded on the wallet address of the user who currently holds the item. Further, the sign for the actual item in the logistics is described as the takeOwnership (tokenID) action of ERC-721.
  • the delivery from the sender node to the receiver node is the authorized action, described as the approve(to,tokenID) operation of ERC-721, where the information corresponding to the to is the wallet address of the consignee, and the information corresponding to the tokenID is the one corresponding to the item
  • the code of the ERC-721 item may be delivered successfully or unsuccessfully.
  • the key is to see whether the recipient node has performed the takeOwnership (tokenID) operation or the Refuse (tokenID) operation.
  • the embodiments of this application provide a blockchain-based logistics physical handover platform.
  • the blockchain-based physical logistics handover platform can be applied to a district-based logistics provided by the embodiment corresponding to Figure 1-2.
  • the physical handover platform 3 based on block chain includes: a memory 31 for storing executable instructions;
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31, and implement the following steps:
  • each item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred to the first of the receiver node 2.
  • each item has a unique digital equity proof identifier;
  • the receiver node processes at least one item based on the acceptance result, and stores the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it is determined that the property right of at least one item has been transferred, and the property right transfer information is obtained;
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the receiver node signs for at least one item based on the acceptance result
  • At least one item is recorded in the second blockchain wallet.
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the recipient node refuses to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the first information associated with the items in the first blockchain wallet is obtained through the first wallet address.
  • the processor 32 is configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory 31 to implement the following steps:
  • the second information associated with the items in the second blockchain wallet is obtained through the second wallet address.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium that stores executable instructions.
  • the executable instructions When executed, the following steps can be implemented:
  • each item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred to the first of the receiver node 2.
  • each item has a unique digital equity proof identifier;
  • the receiver node processes at least one item based on the acceptance result, and stores the processing result in the blockchain.
  • the sender node in the blockchain authorizes the package containing at least one item to the receiver node in the blockchain, it is determined that the property right of at least one item has been transferred, and the property right transfer information is obtained;
  • the receiver node signs for at least one item based on the acceptance result
  • At least one item is recorded in the second blockchain wallet.
  • the recipient node refuses to sign for at least one item based on the acceptance result
  • the first information associated with the items in the first blockchain wallet is obtained through the first wallet address.
  • the second information associated with the items in the second blockchain wallet is obtained through the second wallet address.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method, platform and storage medium for physical delivery of logistics based on blockchain.
  • the method for physical delivery of logistics based on blockchain includes: if the sender node in the blockchain will include at least one item The package is authorized to the recipient node in the blockchain, and at least one item in the first blockchain wallet of the sender node is transferred to the second blockchain wallet of the recipient node; wherein each item has a unique Digital equity proof identification; obtain the acceptance result of at least one item by the recipient node; process at least one item based on the acceptance result through the recipient node, and store the processing result in the blockchain; understandably, the processing result is an electronic component Part of the information of the document; thus, it solves the problem of the long time required to manually return the document to the sender and the document is easily tampered with in the related technology, and realizes the timely storage of the electronic document in the blockchain to ensure that the electronic document will not be tampered with And it can be traced to ensure that each node in the blockchain can learn the information in the electronic receipt

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质，该基于区块链的物流实物交接方法包括：若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中。

Description

基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质
本申请基于申请号为201910708551.6、申请日为2019年08月02日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及但不限于计算机技术，尤其涉及一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质。
背景技术
目前在物流中，投递物品在不同的对象之间流转，为了追踪物权的转移，会有不少物流的单据，收件者在收到快递后，会对快递的单据进行签字，快递员收到签字单据后会返回给寄件方；然而，人工返回单据至寄件方所需时间较长且单据易被篡改。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质，以解决相关技术中人工返回单据至寄件方所需时间较长且单据易被篡改的问题，实现实时查看各个区块链钱包中物品的库存信息，以及追踪物品在各个区块链钱包之间的转移信息。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以如下实现：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，所述方法包括：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，将所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
获取所述接收方节点针对所述至少一个物品的验收结果；
通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至所述区块链中。
可选的，所述方法还包括：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，确定所述至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息；
将所述物权转移信息存储至所述区块链中。
可选的，所述通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，包括：
若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品符合验收条件，通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果签收所述至少一个物品；
将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中。
可选的，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
存储表征所述接收方节点签收所述至少一个物品的第一处理结果至所述区块链中；
存储表征将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至所述区块链中。
可选的，所述通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理， 包括：
若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品不符合验收条件，通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果拒绝签收所述至少一个物品；
将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中。
可选的，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
存储表征所述接收方节点拒绝签收所述至少一个物品的第三处理结果至所述区块链中；
存储表征将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至所述区块链中。
可选的，所述方法还包括：
获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作；
基于所述第一操作，通过所述第一钱包地址获取与所述第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
可选的，所述方法还包括：
获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作；
基于所述第二操作，通过所述第二钱包地址获取与所述第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，所述方法包括：
将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点；
将所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，所述方法包括：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，且所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中，对所述至少一个物品进行验收，得到验收结果；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至所述区块链中。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接平台，所述基于区块链的物流实物交接平台包括：
存储器，用于存储可执行指令；
处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的可执行指令，实现上述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的步骤。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种存储介质，所述存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序，所述一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行，以实现上述所述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的步骤。
应用本申请实施例实现以下有益效果：取消纸质单据，使用电子单据；物品交接过程中，表征物品流转情况的电子单据记录在区块链上，防止电子单据被篡改以及可追踪；同时，电子单据实时上链，确保区块链上的物流实物交接的所有节点及时获知物流状态；此外，将单个实物描述为ERC-721的Token，实现实物交接，并将物权的最终持有者记录在当前持有物品的用户钱包地址上；实现实时查看各个区块链钱包中物品的库存信息，以及追踪物品在各个区块链钱包之间的转移信息。
本申请实施例提供了一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质，方法包括：若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链 钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中，可以理解的，处理结果是组成电子单据的部分信息；从而，解决了相关技术中人工返回单据至寄件方所需时间较长且单据易被篡改的问题，实现电子单据及时存储至区块链中，确保电子单据不会被篡改且可追踪，确保区块链中的各个节点可以实时获知电子单据中的信息，掌握物品的物流状态以及物品的物权转移的相关信息。
附图说明
图1本申请实施例提供的一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的流程示意图；
图2本申请实施例提供的另一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的流程示意图；
图3本申请实施例提供的又一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的流程示意图；
图4本申请另一实施例提供的一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法的流程示意图；
图5本申请实施例提供的一种基于区块链的物流实物交接平台的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请的具体技术方案做进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本申请，但不用来限制本申请的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述本申请实施例的目的，不是旨在限制本申请。
在以下的描述中，涉及到“一些实施例”，其描述了所有可能实施例的子集，但是可以理解，“一些实施例”可以是所有可能实施例的相同子集或不同子集，并且可以在不冲突的情况下相互结合。
需要指出，本申请实施例所涉及的术语“第一\第二\第三”仅仅是是区别类似的对象，不代表针对对象的特定排序，可以理解地，“第一\第二\第三”在允许的情况下可以互换特定的顺序或先后次序，以使这里描述的本申请实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的以外的顺序实施。
对本申请实施例进行进一步详细说明之前，对本申请实施例中涉及的名词和术语进行说明，本申请实施例中涉及的名词和术语适用于如下的解释。
1)数字权益证明，是区块链网络中基于加密学原理形成的、代表持有者所拥有的权证的数字化证明，包括加密的数字货币如比特币(BTC)和以太坊(ETH)，还可以包括通证(Token)，例如证券、债券/衍生市场产品。
2)ERC-721，是非同质代币(Non-Fungible Tokens，NFTs)，即为不可互换的Token，可以理解为每个Token都是独一无二的。也就是说ERC721的每个Token都拥有独立唯一的Token身份标识号(Token Identity document，TokenID)，是以太坊区块链上的智能合约的一种协议标准。
3)区块链钱包，是存储以比特币为首的密码货币的公钥与私钥、私钥所对应的地址、该地址(群)的货币结算，以及货币交易的支持系统。可以理解的，该支持系统甚至包含了整个区块链的记账与维护。由于加密货币是以区块链为主，所以实际金额是以区块链最后的记录结果为准，自从以太坊推出ERC-721协议后，钱包不仅能放货币，也能存放虚拟物品。
4)钱包地址，每个区块链钱包都对应一个地址来唯一标识钱包的ID。
5)区块(Block)，记录一段时间内交易所更新的账本数据的数据结构，被标记上时间戳和之前一个区块的独特标记(例如数字指纹)，区块经过区块链网络中节点的共识验证后，会被追加到区块链的末尾成为新区块。
6)区块链(Blockchain)，区块以顺序相连的方式组合成的一种链式数据结构，在每个区块中引用前一个区块或者其子集的哈希值，从而以密码学的方式保证所记录交易的不可篡改和不可伪造。
7)区块链网络，通过共识的方式将新区块纳入区块链的一系列的、无中心的节点的集合。
基于前述内容，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，该方法应用于基于区块链的物流实物交接平台，该基于区块链的物流实物交接平台部署在区块链上，参见图1所示，该方法包括：
步骤101、若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中。
其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识。
本申请实施例中，数字权益证明标识包括TokenID，每一包裹中每一物品用ERC-721标准描述，每一物品具有唯一的TokenID，每一包裹中包括至少一个物品。
本申请实施例中，示例性的，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台可以通过如下代码，将至少一个物品打包成包裹，对于任一包裹，基于protobuff的描述实现如下：
Figure PCTCN2020079769-appb-000001
在实际应用中，首先，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台根据ERC-721标准，对至少一个物品进行打包，得到包裹；其次，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台通过区块链中的发送方节点如节点A从包裹中获取包裹中每一物品的TokenID；再次，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台确定发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点如节点B，则将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点 的第二区块链钱包中。需要说明的是，此时，虽然基于区块链的物流实物交接平台将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点如节点B的第二区块链钱包中，但是，上述至少一个物品的物权并未归属于节点B的第二区块链钱包。
步骤102、获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果。
本申请实施例中，验收结果包括表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品符合验收条件的结果或者表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品不符合验收条件的结果。这里，验收条件与至少一个物品的属性信息和/或至少一个物品的物流配送信息有关；例如验收条件包括但不限于与至少一个物品的质量关联的条件、与至少一个物品的物流配送情况关联的条件、与至少一个物品的实际数量关联的条件等。
在实际应用中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果。
步骤103、通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理时，包括对至少一个物品执行签收处理或拒绝签收处理。
本申请实施例中，发送方节点授权给接收方节点的至少一个ERC-721物品，并不一定会被接收方节点接收；可以理解地，授权的操作可以表征为物流的一个投递动作，投递可能成功也可能不成功，投递成功与否与接收方节点对至少一个ERC-721物品的验收结果有关。进一步地，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并实时存储处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例所提供的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中，可以理解的，处理结果是组成电子单据的部分信息；从而，解决了相关技术中人工返回单据至寄件方所需时间较长且单据易被篡改的问题，实现电子单据及时存储至区块链中，确保电子单据不会被篡改且可追踪，确保区块链中的各个节点可以实时获知电子单据中的信息，掌握物品的物流状态以及物品的物权转移的相关信息。
根据前述实施例，本申请实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，该方法应用于基于区块链的物流实物交接平台，参见图2、图3以及图4所示，该方法包括：
步骤201、若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中。
其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识。
本申请实施例中，区块链中的发送方节点如节点A将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点如节点B，可以描述为节点A将一个Package中每个符合ERC-721标准的Token授权approve给节点B的过程，示例性的，Approve的定义为：function approve(address to,uint256 tokenID)；进一步地，该授权操作可以表示为A.approve(B,tokened)；将相应及节点A的第一区块链钱包中的tokenID的物品转到节点B第二区块链钱包中。
步骤202、确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息，并将物权转移信息存储至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台确定区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点的情况下，可以先执行确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息，并将物权转移信息存储至区块链中的操作，再执行将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中的操作。这里，将物权转移信息存储至区块链中也可以称为操作写区块链。
本申请的另一实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台确定区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点的情况下，可以先执行将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中的操作，再执行确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息，并将物权转移信息存储至区块链中的操作。
本申请的另一实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台确定区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点的情况下，可以同时执行将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中的操作，以及确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息，并将物权转移信息存储至区块链中的操作。
步骤203、获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果。
本申请实施例中，接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果用于对至少一个物品的物权即所属对象进行确认。
在实际应用中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息，并将物权转移信息存储至区块链中，至少一个物品的物权需要基于区块链的物流实物交接平台作出进一步的确认。这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台可以基于接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果对至少一个物品的物权作出进一步的确认。
本申请实施例中，在步骤203获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果之后，可以选择执行步骤204至步骤206或者步骤207至步骤209。
步骤204、若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果签收至少一个物品。
本申请实施例中，接收方节点基于验收结果签收至少一个物品的行为，可以描述为符合ERC-721标准的takeOwnership(tokenID)动作；也就是说，若基于区块链的物流实物交接平台获取到接收方节点执行的takeOwnership(tokenID)动作，则确定接收方节点基于验收结果签收了至少一个物品。
这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台通过接收方节点获取到包括至少一个物品的包裹后，扫描包裹，取出所有的TokenID，如果验收合格即确定至少一个物品符合验收条件，则通过接收方节点执行takeOwnership动作。
步骤205、将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台在接收方节点执行takeOwnership动作的情况下，将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中，此时，确认至少一个物品的物权属于接收方节点的第二区块链钱包。这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中，确保区块链网络中的所有节点可以查看到至少一个物品的物权的归属。
步骤206、存储表征接收方节点签收至少一个物品的第一处理结果至区块链中，并存储表征将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，将物流中至少一个物品的签收，描述为ERC-721的takeOwnership(tokenID)动作，只有验收通过了的物品，才会进入到接收方节点的第二区 块链钱包中，这个表征为物流签单返回过程。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台存储表征接收方节点签收至少一个物品的第一处理结果至区块链中，并存储表征将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至区块链中，确保所有的节点可以方便的查看当前各个区块链钱包中持有哪些符合ERC-721的物品。如此，实现将单个实物描述为ERC-721的Token，实现实物交接，并将物权的最终持有者，记录在当前持有物品的区块链钱包地址上。这里，将第一处理结果和第二处理结果存储至区块链中也可以称为操作写区块链。
步骤207、若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品不符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果拒绝签收至少一个物品。
本申请实施例中，接收方节点基于验收结果拒绝签收至少一个物品的行为，可以描述为符合ERC-721标准的refuse(tokenID)动作；也就是说，若基于区块链的物流实物交接平台获取到接收方节点执行的refuse(tokenID)动作，则确定接收方节点基于验收结果拒绝签收了至少一个物品。
这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台通过接收方节点获取到包括至少一个物品的包裹后，扫描包裹，取出所有的TokenID，如果验收不合格即确定至少一个物品不符合验收条件，则通过接收方节点执行refuse(tokenID)动作。
步骤208、将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台在接收方节点执行refuse(tokenID)动作的情况下，将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中。也就是说，如果接收方节点执行Refuse(tokenID)动作，则至少一个物品，仍然回到发送方节点如节点A的第一区块链钱包中。
步骤209、存储表征接收方节点拒绝签收至少一个物品的第三处理结果至区块链中，并存储表征将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中的情况下，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台存储表征接收方节点拒绝签收至少一个物品的第三处理结果至区块链中，并存储表征将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至区块链中，确保所有的节点可以方便的查看当前各个区块链钱包中持有哪些符合ERC-721的物品，以及确保所有的节点可以查看到接收节点针对至少一个物品的拒绝签收操作，甚至包括拒绝签收原因等。这里，将第三处理结果和第四处理结果存储至区块链中也可以称为操作写区块链。
进一步的，结合前述方法流程，本申请实施例所述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法还可以包括以下步骤：
a1、获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作。
本申请实施例中，第一操作的操作目的包括但不限于查找第一区块链钱包中满足ERC-721的物品，第一区块链钱包中一段时间内转出/转入了哪些符合ERC-721的物品。
在实际应用中，用户可以利用第一钱包地址在基于区块链的物流实物交接平台上登陆第一区块链钱包，进而执行查看第一区块链钱包的相关信息的操作。
a2、基于第一操作，通过第一钱包地址获取与第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
本申请实施例中，第一信息包括第一操作的操作目的所要获取的信息。这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台获取到第一操作的情况下，基于第一操作，通过第一钱包地址获取与第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
本申请实施例中，对于区块链网络中的各个节点而言，每一节点都可以有钱包地址。通过钱包地址可以实时查看钱包地址对应的区块链钱包中的物品的相关信息。如此，实 现实时查看各个区块链钱包中物品的库存信息，以及追踪物品在各个区块链钱包之间的转移信息。
进一步的，结合前述方法流程，本申请实施例所述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法还可以包括以下步骤：
b1、获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作。
本申请实施例中，第二操作的操作目的包括但不限于查找第二区块链钱包中满足ERC-721的物品，第二区块链钱包中一段时间内转出/转入了哪些符合ERC-721的物品。
在实际应用中，用户可以利用第二钱包地址在基于区块链的物流实物交接平台上登陆第二区块链钱包，进而执行查看第二区块链钱包的相关信息的操作。
b2、基于第二操作，通过第二钱包地址获取与第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
本申请实施例中，第二信息包括第二操作的操作目的所要获取的信息。这里，基于区块链的物流实物交接平台获取到第二操作的情况下，基于第二操作，通过第二钱包地址获取与第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
本申请实施例中，可直接写将物品的交接区块链，但是物品直接写数据库，不在区块链的区块链钱包中记录。
由上述内容可知，区块链网络中的每个节点，包含发送方节点和接收方节点，都有钱包地址，可以很方便从钱包地址对应的区块链钱包中查看一段时间内，一个节点对应的账户到底转出/转入了哪些符合ERC-721的物品。区块链网络中的每个节点，包含发送方节点和接收方节点，可以很方便查看当前各个区块链钱包中持有哪些符合ERC-721的物品。物品交易的操作都存储至区块链，货物为满足ERC-721的token，保存在不同节点对应的区块链钱包中。
需要说明的是，本实施例中与其它实施例中相同步骤和相同内容的说明，可以参照其它实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
综上，本申请实施例具有以下有益效果：取消纸质单据，使用电子单据；物品交接过程中，表征物品流转情况的电子单据记录在区块链上，防止电子单据被篡改以及可追踪；同时，电子单据实时上链，确保区块链上的物流实物交接的所有节点及时获知物流状态；此外，将单个实物描述为ERC-721的Token，实现实物交接，并将物权的最终持有者记录在当前持有物品的用户钱包地址上。进一步地，将物流中实际物品的签收，描述为ERC-721的takeOwnership(tokenID)动作，只有验收通过了的物品，才会进入到接收方节点的区块链钱包中，这个表征为物流签单返回过程。发送方节点给接收方节点的投递即授权的动作，描述为ERC-721的approve(to,tokenID)操作，其中to对应的信息为收货人的钱包地址，tokenID对应的信息为物品对应的的ERC-721物品的编码，投递可能成功也可能不成功，关键在看接收方节点是否执行了takeOwnership(tokenID)操作，或者Refuse(tokenID)操作。
基于前述实施例，本申请的实施例提供一种基于区块链的物流实物交接平台，该基于区块链的物流实物交接平台可以应用于图1-2对应的实施例提供的一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法中，参照图5示，该基于区块链的物流实物交接平台3包括：存储器31，用于存储可执行指令；
处理器32，用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，实现以下步骤：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；
通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息；
将物权转移信息存储至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果签收至少一个物品；
将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
存储表征接收方节点签收至少一个物品的第一处理结果至区块链中；
存储表征将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品不符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果拒绝签收至少一个物品；
将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
存储表征接收方节点拒绝签收至少一个物品的第三处理结果至区块链中；
存储表征将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作；
基于第一操作，通过第一钱包地址获取与第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
本申请实施例中，处理器32用于执行存储器31中存储的可执行指令，以实现以下步骤：
获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作；
基于第二操作，通过第二钱包地址获取与第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
需要说明的是，本实施例中处理器所执行的步骤的具体实现过程，可以参照图1-2对应的实施例提供的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法中的实现过程，此处不再赘述。
基于前述实施例，本申请的实施例提供一种存储介质，该存储介质存储有可执行指令，当可执行指令被执行时，可以实现如下步骤：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；
通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，确定至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息；
将物权转移信息存储至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果签收至少一个物品；
将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
存储表征接收方节点签收至少一个物品的第一处理结果至区块链中；
存储表征将至少一个物品记账到第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
若验收结果表征接收方节点确定至少一个物品不符合验收条件，通过接收方节点基于验收结果拒绝签收至少一个物品；
将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
存储表征接收方节点拒绝签收至少一个物品的第三处理结果至区块链中；
存储表征将至少一个物品转移至第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至区块链中。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作；
基于第一操作，通过第一钱包地址获取与第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
本申请实施例中，当可执行指令被执行时，还可以实现如下步骤：
获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作；
基于第二操作，通过第二钱包地址获取与第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
需要说明的是，本实施例中处理器所执行的步骤的具体实现过程，可以参照图1-2对应的实施例提供的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法中的实现过程，此处不再赘述。
以上，仅为本申请的实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和范围之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供了一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法、平台及存储介质，该基于区块链的物流实物交接方法包括：若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给区块链中的接收方节点，将发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的至少一个物品转移至接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；获取接收方节点针对至少一个物品的验收结果；通过接收方节点基于验收结果对至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至区块链中；可以理解的，处理结果是组成电子单据的部分信息；从而，解决了相关技术中人工返回单据至寄件方所需时间较长且单据易被篡改的问题，实现电子单据及时存储至区块链中，确保电子单据不会被篡改且可追踪，确保区块链中的各个节点可以实时获知电子单据中的信息，掌握物品的物流状态以及物品的物权转移的相关信息。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，包括：
    若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，将所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
    获取所述接收方节点针对所述至少一个物品的验收结果；
    通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至所述区块链中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述方法，所述方法还包括：
    若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，确定所述至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息；
    将所述物权转移信息存储至所述区块链中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述方法，所述通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，包括：
    若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品符合验收条件，通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果签收所述至少一个物品；
    将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述方法，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
    存储表征所述接收方节点签收所述至少一个物品的第一处理结果至所述区块链中；
    存储表征将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至所述区块链中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述方法，所述通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，包括：
    若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品不符合验收条件，通过所述接收方节点基于所述验收结果拒绝签收所述至少一个物品；
    将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述方法，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
    存储表征所述接收方节点拒绝签收所述至少一个物品的第三处理结果至所述区块链中；
    存储表征将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至所述区块链中。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作；
    基于所述第一操作，通过所述第一钱包地址获取与所述第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作；
    基于所述第二操作，通过所述第二钱包地址获取与所述第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
  9. 一种基于区块链的物流实物交接平台，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的物流实物交接平台包括：
    存储器，用于存储可执行指令；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的可执行指令，实现如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法。
  10. 一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，包括：
    将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点；
    将所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    获取基于第一钱包地址查询第一区块链钱包的第一操作；
    基于所述第一操作，通过所述第一钱包地址获取与所述第一区块链钱包中的物品关联的第一信息。
  12. 一种基于区块链的物流实物交接方法，包括：
    若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，且所述发送方节点的第一区块链钱包中的所述至少一个物品转移至所述接收方节点的第二区块链钱包中，对所述至少一个物品进行验收，得到验收结果；其中，每一物品具有唯一的数字权益证明标识；
    基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，并存储处理结果至所述区块链中。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    若区块链中的发送方节点将包括至少一个物品的包裹授权给所述区块链中的接收方节点，确定所述至少一个物品的物权发生了转移，得到物权转移信息；
    将所述物权转移信息存储至所述区块链中。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，所述基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，包括：
    若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品符合验收条件，基于所述验收结果签收所述至少一个物品；
    将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述方法，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
    存储表征所述接收方节点签收所述至少一个物品的第一处理结果至所述区块链中；
    存储表征将所述至少一个物品记账到所述第二区块链钱包中的第二处理结果至所述区块链中。
  16. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，所述基于所述验收结果对所述至少一个物品进行处理，包括：
    若所述验收结果表征所述接收方节点确定所述至少一个物品不符合验收条件，基于所述验收结果拒绝签收所述至少一个物品；
    将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述方法，所述存储处理结果至所述区块链中，包括：
    存储表征所述接收方节点拒绝签收所述至少一个物品的第三处理结果至所述区块链中；
    存储表征将所述至少一个物品转移至所述第一区块链钱包中的第四处理结果至所述区块链中。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    获取基于第二钱包地址查询第二区块链钱包的第二操作；
    基于所述第二操作，通过所述第二钱包地址获取与所述第二区块链钱包中的物品关联的第二信息。
  19. 一种存储介质，其特征在于，存储有可执行指令，当所述可执行指令被执行时，用于引起处理器执行权利要求1至8中任一项所述的基于区块链的物流实物交接方法。
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