WO2021017482A1 - 一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置 - Google Patents

一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017482A1
WO2021017482A1 PCT/CN2020/079599 CN2020079599W WO2021017482A1 WO 2021017482 A1 WO2021017482 A1 WO 2021017482A1 CN 2020079599 W CN2020079599 W CN 2020079599W WO 2021017482 A1 WO2021017482 A1 WO 2021017482A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
restoring force
roller
support
mooring device
platform
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/079599
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙雷
付冲
林哲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910687078.8A external-priority patent/CN110241784B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201921199339.3U external-priority patent/CN210827339U/zh
Application filed by Dalian University of Technology filed Critical Dalian University of Technology
Priority to US17/043,792 priority Critical patent/US12049737B2/en
Publication of WO2021017482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017482A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
    • E02B3/064—Floating landing-stages
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/24—Mooring posts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B2021/001—Mooring bars, yokes, or the like, e.g. comprising articulations on both ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
    • B63B2021/203—Mooring cables or ropes, hawsers, or the like; Adaptations thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mooring technology.
  • Mooring refers to the system or process of using mooring equipment to make ships, buoys, platforms, etc. safely stay on anchors or sinks, shores or mooring buoys, including mooring docks, trestle berths, piles, mooring buoys, and parallel Wait on his boat.
  • top-current mooring is generally selected; in static-water ports without current, when the wind force exceeds level 4, top-wind mooring should be selected as far as possible.
  • the present invention provides a mooring device that provides omnidirectional restoring force.
  • a mooring device that provides omnidirectional restoring force.
  • the support frame is installed on the wharf, and two free guide rollers are installed at the corresponding position on the lower side of the cross arm of the support frame and the upper part of the wharf.
  • the two free guide rollers are wound and installed separately A cable, one end of each cable is connected to the platform arm fixed on the platform, the other end is connected with a spring, and the other end of the spring is connected with a damper;
  • the damper can be a telescopic damper or a rotary damper.
  • the end of the spring transmits power through the chain and the sprocket set on the damping rotation shaft of the rotary damper, that is, the spring pulls the chain, and the chain drives the damping rotation shaft of the rotary damper to rotate, and finally realizes Energy consumption damping.
  • the two spring ends are connected by a chain; the purpose of this structure is to realize the vertical symmetrical arrangement of the spring or to adjust the inclination angle of a separate spring (the angle between the central axis of the spring and the horizontal plane).
  • spring sleeves are provided outside the two springs, and chain stoppers are provided at the ends of the two spring sleeves on the chain.
  • the anti-collision fairlead base is composed of legs and a base surface, and the lower ends of the legs are fixed.
  • the upper part of the leg is provided with a base surface
  • the middle of the base surface is provided with a limiting hole for the cable to penetrate
  • the surface of the base surface is provided with an elastic material.
  • roller support of the free guide roller is installed on the lower side of the support frame or on the dock, the upper part of the roller support is equipped with a roller, the middle of the circumference of the roller is provided with a roller groove, and the upper part of the roller support is located outside the roller.
  • Jumper-proof baffle the inside of the jumper-proof baffle is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of the roller groove.
  • the rotary damper includes a sprocket support fixed on the longitudinal vertical support, a sprocket is installed on the sprocket support, a transmission shaft is installed through the sprocket support, and the transmission shaft on one side of the sprocket support
  • the clutch, reduction gear box and electronic inertial sensor sensor are installed in order from inside to outside, and the clutch, reduction gear box and drive motor are installed in order from inside to outside on the transmission shaft on the other side of the sprocket support.
  • the link joints have a U-shaped groove structure.
  • the two sides of the U-shaped groove are provided with connecting holes.
  • the platform arm is provided with corresponding connecting holes. Hole, the link joint penetrates the platform arm hole through the connecting rod and the connecting hole is fixedly installed.
  • a fender is provided between the side of the dock and the platform and the dock.
  • the mooring device for providing omni-directional restoring force of the present invention provides all-directional restoring force to the moored platform through the elastic deformation of the spring, and controls the platform motion response within a certain range.
  • the slow change of the inward position is adjusted to meet the demand of tide level changes; in extreme cases, the platform mooring can be safely and quickly released as required.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the mooring device providing omnidirectional restoring force according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a free fairlead roller of a mooring device that provides omnidirectional restoring force according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the anti-collision fairlead of the mooring device with omnidirectional restoring force according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a rotary damper of a mooring device that provides omnidirectional restoring force according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the link joint of the mooring device that provides omnidirectional restoring force according to the present invention.
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom”, etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is usually based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. Unless otherwise stated, these positional words do not indicate or imply the pointed device or element It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the protection scope of the present invention: the orientation word “inner and outer” refers to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “above”, “above”, etc. can be used here to describe as shown in the figure. Shows the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation other than the orientation of the device described in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, then the device described as “above the other device or structure” or “above the other device or structure” will then be positioned as “below the other device or structure” or “on It's under the device or structure”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” can include both orientations “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated by 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the relative description of the space used here is explained accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 The overall structure of the mooring device providing omnidirectional restoring force of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1.
  • a mooring device providing omnidirectional restoring force is provided.
  • the support frame 12 is installed on the wharf 13, and the lower side of the cross arm of the support frame 12 is connected to the wharf. 13
  • Two free guide rollers 3 are installed at the vertical corresponding position on the upper part, and a cable 9 is respectively wound between the two free guide rollers 3, and one end of each rope 9 is connected to the platform arm 11 fixed on the platform 1.
  • a spring 14 is connected to the other end, and a damper is connected to the other end of the spring 14;
  • the damper can be a telescopic damper or a rotary damper.
  • the end of the spring 14 transmits power through the chain 8 and the sprocket set on the damping rotating shaft of the rotary damper 7, that is, the spring 14 pulls the chain 8, and the chain 8 drives the rotary damper 7 to dampen rotation The shaft rotates and finally realizes energy dissipation damping.
  • the ends of the two springs 14 are connected by a chain 8; the purpose of this structure is to realize the symmetrical arrangement of the springs 14 up and down or to adjust the inclination angle of a single spring 14 (the angle between the central axis of the spring and the horizontal plane).
  • the two springs 14 are provided with spring sleeves 5 outside, and the chain 8 is provided with a chain stopper 6 at the ends of the two spring sleeves 5.
  • a fender 2 is provided between the side of the pier 13 and the platform 1 and the pier 13.
  • the roller support 3-3 of the free guide roller 3 is installed on the lower side of the cross arm of the support frame 12 or on the dock 13.
  • the upper part of the roller support 3-3 is equipped with a roller, and the middle of the circumference of the roller is provided with a roller groove 3-1.
  • the upper part of the roller support 3-3 is located on the outside of the roller with an anti-jumping baffle 3-2, and the inside of the anti-jumping baffle 3-2 is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of the roller groove 3-1 to prevent The cable 9 escapes from the roller groove 3-1.
  • the anti-collision fairlead 4 consists of a leg 4-3 and a base surface 4-2
  • the lower end of the leg 4-3 is fixed on the cross arm of the support frame 12 or the wharf 13
  • the upper part of the leg 4-3 is provided with a base surface 4-2
  • the middle of the base surface 4-2 is provided with a hole for the cable 9 to penetrate Limiting hole 4-1
  • the upper surface of the base surface 4-2 of the anti-collision fairlead 4 is made of elastic material, which can buffer the impact of the platform arm 11 during movement, and there is a limiting hole 4-1 in the middle, which can be controlled
  • the horizontal movement of the cable 9 and the structure of the anti-collision fairlead 4 are shown in FIG. 3.
  • the rotary damper 7 includes a sprocket support 7-5 fixed on the longitudinal vertical support 12, a sprocket 7-6 is installed on the sprocket support 7-5, and the sprocket support 7-5 penetrates Install the drive shaft 7-4, the drive shaft 7-4 on the side of the sprocket support 7-5 is installed with the clutch 7-3, the reduction gear box 7-2 and the electronic inertial sensor 7-7 in turn from the inside to the outside, and the sprocket A clutch 7-3, a reduction gear box 7-2 and a drive motor 7-1 are sequentially installed on the transmission shaft 7-4 on the other side of the support 7-5 from inside to outside.
  • the inertial control mechanism includes an electronic inertial sensor 7-7, a reduction gear box 7-2 and a clutch 7-3 on the same side with it, which are connected to the sprocket 7-6 through the drive shaft 7-4, which can be connected to the sprocket 7-6.
  • the sprocket is locked when the rotation (acceleration) speed is too high;
  • the active drive mechanism includes a drive motor 7-1, a reduction gear box 7-2 and a clutch 7-3, through the transmission shaft 7-4 and the control of the sprocket rotation, two The agencies operate independently and do not interfere with each other.
  • the cable 9 is located at the upper and lower parts of the platform arm 11 and is connected to the platform arm 11 through a link joint 10 respectively.
  • the structure of the link joint 10 is shown in Fig. 5, and the link joint 10 has a U-shaped groove structure, and there are connecting holes 10 on both sides of the U-shaped groove.
  • the platform arm 11 is provided with a hole corresponding to the connecting hole 10-1, and the link joint 10 is fixedly installed through the connecting rod through the platform arm hole and the connecting hole 10-1.
  • the link joint 10 is a quick detachable joint, which can quickly disconnect the connection of the platform arm 11 to the mooring system.
  • the vertical position of the mooring system (which can be called the equilibrium position of the mooring system, in which the system does not provide restoring force, and at each tide level, there is only one equilibrium position of each mooring unit in space), which is caused by the change of tide level
  • the vertical position of the platform arm 11 is changed to drive the adjustment of the position of the platform 1, and the mooring device can change the vertical position of the equilibrium position accordingly, without causing additional load to the mooring system.
  • the mooring can adapt to the change of tide level.
  • the chain 8 When encountering short-term severe sea conditions, the chain 8 is locked by the chain stopper 6 to lock the balance position of the mooring system, and the spring in the spring sleeve 5 starts to expand and contract to provide the platform with all-directional restoring force.
  • the mooring system can be adjusted according to the information of the tide level change.
  • the adjustment process is as follows: the rotary damper 7 is controlled by the active drive mechanism, and the chain stopper 6 is opened to the chain 8.
  • the active drive mechanism controls the rotation of the sprocket 7-6 in the rotary damper 7, and adjusts the balance position of the mooring system according to the detected average water level. After the adjustment is in place, the chain stopper 6 is locked again and continues to provide restoring force in the above-mentioned manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，支撑架（12）安装于码头（13）上，支撑架（12）横臂下侧与码头（13）上部垂直对应位置安装两个自由导缆滚轮（3），两个自由导缆滚轮（3）分别缠绕安装一根缆绳（9），每一根缆绳（9）一端连接于固定在平台（1）上的平台臂（11）上，另一端连接有弹簧（14），弹簧（14）的另一端连接有阻尼器。

Description

一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置 技术领域
本发明涉及系泊技术领域。
背景技术
系泊是指运用系缆设备使船、浮标、平台等安全停留于锚或沉块、岸或系泊浮筒的系统或过程，包括系靠码头、栈桥式泊位、桩柱、系泊浮筒和并靠他船等。在有水流的港口，一般选择顶流系泊；在无水流的静水港，当风力超4级时，应尽量选择顶风系泊。
传统系泊装置都是通过缆绳将船、平台等直接系在码头或其他设备上，该种系泊方式在潮位变化或者大风浪等恶劣海况的情况下，很难保持船或平台等的平稳，尤其是对于对平稳性要求较高的平台(如核反应堆平台)，不能满足其平稳性要求。
发明内容
为了保证船、平台等设备系泊的平稳性，本发明提供了一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置。
本发明为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案是：
一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，支撑架安装于码头上，支撑架横臂下侧与码头上部垂直对应位置安装两个自由导缆滚轮，两个自由导缆滚轮之间分别缠绕安装一根缆绳，每一根缆绳一端连接于固定在平台上的平台臂上，另一端连接有弹簧，弹簧的另一端连接有阻尼器；
其中，阻尼器可选择伸缩阻尼器或者旋转阻尼器。
进一步的，当阻尼器为旋转阻尼器，弹簧末端通过链条与旋转阻尼器的阻尼旋转轴上设置的链轮配合传递动力，即弹簧拉动链条，链条驱动旋转阻尼器的阻尼旋转轴旋转，最终实现耗能阻尼。
进一步的，当阻尼器(旋转阻尼器)为一个时，且固定于垂直于码头上表面的纵向设置的支撑架部分的中部；
其中，两个弹簧末端通过一根链条连接；此结构目的在于可实现弹簧的上下对称设置或者调整单独的弹簧的倾角(弹簧的中心轴线与水平面之间的夹角)。
进一步的，所述两个弹簧外部设有弹簧套筒，链条上位于两个弹簧套筒端 部处设有止链器。
进一步的，所述支撑架横臂下侧与码头上部在缆绳的垂直方向上对应安装两个防撞导缆基座，防撞导缆基座由支腿和基座面构成，支腿下端固定于支撑架横臂或码头上，支腿上部设有基座面，基座面中部设有用于缆绳穿入的限位孔，基座面上表面设有弹性材料。
进一步的，所述自由导缆滚轮的滚轮支座安装于支撑架横臂下侧或码头上，滚轮支座上部安装滚轮，滚轮圆周中部设有滚轮沟槽，滚轮支座上部位于滚轮外侧设有防跳线挡板，防跳线挡板内侧设有与滚轮沟槽位置对应的凹槽。
进一步的，所述旋转阻尼器包括固定于纵向垂直支架上的链轮支座，链轮支座上安装链轮，贯穿链轮支座安装传动轴，链轮支座一侧的传动轴上由内向外依次安装离合器、减速齿轮箱和电子惯性感应传感器，链轮支座另一侧的传动轴上由内向外依次安装离合器、减速齿轮箱和驱动电机。
进一步的，所述缆绳位于平台臂上下两部分分别通过链接接头连接平台臂，链接接头为U型槽结构，U型槽两侧边上设有连接孔，平台臂上设有与连接孔对应的孔，链接接头通过连接杆贯穿于平台臂孔与连接孔固定安装。
进一步的，所述码头侧面与平台和码头之间设有护舷。
本发明的提供全向回复力的系泊装置，通过弹簧的弹性变形为被系泊平台提供各向回复力，将平台运动响应控制在一定范围，并可根据平台由潮位变化导致的其在垂向内位置的缓慢变化进行调整，满足潮位变化需求；在极端情况下，可根据需要，安全快速地解开平台系泊。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供全向回复力的系泊装置主视结构图。
图2是本发明提供全向回复力的系泊装置的自由导缆滚轮结构图。
图3是本发明提供全向回复力的系泊装置的防撞导缆基座结构图。
图4是本发明提供全向回复力的系泊装置的旋转阻尼器结构图。
图5是本发明提供全向回复力的系泊装置的链接接头结构图。
图中：1、平台，2、护舷，3、自由导缆滚轮，3-1、滚轮沟槽，3-2、防跳线挡板，3-3、滚轮支座，4、防撞导缆基座，4-1、限位孔，4-2、基座面，4-3、支腿，5、弹簧套筒，6、止链器，7、旋转阻尼器，7-1、驱动电机，7-2、减速齿轮箱，7-3、离合器，7-4、传动轴，7-5、链轮支座，7-6、链轮，7-7、电子惯性感应传感器，8、链条，9、缆绳，10、链接接头，10-1、连接孔，10-2、 槽，11、平台臂，12、支撑架，13、码头，14、弹簧。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制：方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其位器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
本发明的提供全向回复力的系泊装置整体结构如图1所示，一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，支撑架12安装于码头13上，支撑架12横臂下侧与码头13上部垂直对应位置安装两个自由导缆滚轮3，两个自由导缆滚轮3之间分别缠绕安装一根缆绳9，每一根缆绳9一端连接于固定在平台1上的平台臂11上，另一端连接有弹簧14，弹簧14的另一端连接有阻尼器；
其中，阻尼器可选择伸缩阻尼器或者旋转阻尼器。
当阻尼器为旋转阻尼器7，弹簧14末端通过链条8与旋转阻尼器7的阻尼旋转轴上设置的链轮配合传递动力，即弹簧14拉动链条8，链条8驱动旋转阻尼器7的阻尼旋转轴旋转，最终实现耗能阻尼。
当阻尼器(旋转阻尼器7)为一个时，且固定于垂直于码头13上表面的纵向设置的支撑架12部分的中部；
其中，两个弹簧14末端通过一根链条8连接；此结构目的在于可实现弹 簧14的上下对称设置或者调整单独的弹簧14的倾角(弹簧的中心轴线与水平面之间的夹角)。
所述两个弹簧14外部设有弹簧套筒5，链条8上位于两个弹簧套筒5端部处设有止链器6。码头13侧面与平台1和码头13之间设有护舷2。
如图2所示，自由导缆滚轮3的滚轮支座3-3安装于支撑架12横臂下侧或码头13上，滚轮支座3-3上部安装滚轮，滚轮圆周中部设有滚轮沟槽3-1，滚轮支座3-3上部位于滚轮外侧设有防跳线挡板3-2，防跳线挡板3-2内侧设有与滚轮沟槽3-1位置对应的凹槽，防止缆绳9脱离滚轮沟槽3-1。
支撑架12横臂下侧与码头13上部在缆绳9的垂直方向上对应安装两个防撞导缆基座4，防撞导缆基座4由支腿4-3和基座面4-2构成，支腿4-3下端固定于支撑架12横臂或码头13上，支腿4-3上部设有基座面4-2，基座面4-2中部设有用于缆绳9穿入的限位孔4-1，防撞导缆基座4的基座面4-2上表面由弹性材料构成，可缓冲平台臂11在运动时的撞击，中间设有限位孔4-1，可控制缆绳9的水平运动，防撞导缆基座4结构如图3所示。
如图4所示，旋转阻尼器7包括固定于纵向垂直支架12上的链轮支座7-5，链轮支座7-5上安装链轮7-6，贯穿链轮支座7-5安装传动轴7-4，链轮支座7-5一侧的传动轴7-4上由内向外依次安装离合器7-3、减速齿轮箱7-2和电子惯性感应传感器7-7，链轮支座7-5另一侧的传动轴7-4上由内向外依次安装离合器7-3、减速齿轮箱7-2和驱动电机7-1。惯性控制机构包括电子惯性感应传感器7-7及与其位于同侧的减速齿轮箱7-2和离合器7-3，通过传动轴7-4与链轮7-6相连，可在链轮7-6转动(加)速度过大时锁定链轮；主动驱动机构包括驱动电机7-1、减速齿轮箱7-2和离合器7-3，通过传动轴7-4与可控制链轮的转动，两种机构均独立运行，互不干扰。
缆绳9位于平台臂11上下两部分分别通过链接接头10连接平台臂11，链接接头10结构如图5所示，链接接头10为U型槽结构，U型槽两侧边上设有连接孔10-1，平台臂11上设有与连接孔10-1对应的孔，链接接头10通过连接杆贯穿于平台臂孔与连接孔10-1固定安装。链接接头10为可快速拆卸接头，可快速断开平台臂11对系泊系统的连接。
工作过程：
(1)在无大风浪情况下：旋转阻尼器7的惯性感应机构中的离合器7-3接合，联通惯性感应机构与链轮7-6，主动驱动机构中的离合器7-3分离。弹簧套筒 5内的弹簧不拉伸，整个系统由于通过两个自由导缆滚轮3和旋转阻尼器7的转动，缆绳9和弹簧14可做线运动，从而改变平台臂11上的链接接头10的垂向位置(可称为系泊系统平衡位置，在该位置时，系统不提供回复力，在各个潮位下，每个系泊单元的平衡位置在空间中只有一个)，使得由潮位变化导致被系平台1缓慢整体升沉运动时，通过平台臂11的垂直位置变化，带动平台1位置调整，系泊装置可相应改变平衡位置的垂向位置，不会对系泊系统造成额外载荷，从而使得本系泊可以适应潮位变化。
潮位变化导致的平台1升沉和系泊机构运动都是缓慢的，系泊系统中的旋转阻尼器7可缓慢转动。当有阵风等瞬时外部载荷作用于平台时，平台及系泊机构将产生加速度较大的运动，旋转阻尼器7附带的惯性机构将锁住链轮7-6，使其不能转动。此时，系泊系统平衡位置固定，平台的运动将带动弹簧套筒5内弹簧14的拉伸，从而提供回复力，抵抗该偶然载荷。
(2)在大风浪(风暴潮)情况下：旋转阻尼器7主动驱动机构中的离合器7-3接合，联通主动驱动机构与链轮7.6，惯性感应机构中的离合器7.3分离。
在遭遇短期恶劣海况时，通过止链器6卡住链条8，从而锁定系泊系统平衡位置，由弹簧套筒5中的弹簧开始伸缩，为平台提供各向回复力。
在遭遇较长时间的恶劣海况时，海水潮位可能由于风暴潮等原因产生较大变化。为避免因系泊系统平衡位置锁定导致的平台倾斜和额外载荷，系泊系统可根据潮位变化信息进行调整，调整过程如下：旋转阻尼器7由主动驱动机构控制，打开止链器6对链条8的锁定，主动驱动机构控制旋转阻尼器7中的链轮7-6转动，根据检测到的平均水位调整系泊系统平衡位置。调整到位后，止链器6重新锁定，按上述方式继续提供回复力。
本发明是通过实施例进行描述的，本领域技术人员知悉，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以对这些特征和实施例进行各种改变或等效替换。另外，在本发明的教导下，可以对这些特征和实施例进行修改以适应具体的情况及材料而不会脱离本发明的精神和范围。因此，本发明不受此处所公开的具体实施例的限制，所有落入本申请的权利要求范围内的实施例都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：支撑架(12)安装于码头(13)上，支撑架(12)横臂下侧与码头(13)上部垂直对应位置安装两个自由导缆滚轮(3)，两个自由导缆滚轮(3)分别缠绕安装一根缆绳(9)，每一根缆绳(9)一端连接于固定在平台(1)上的平台臂(11)上，另一端连接有弹簧(14)，弹簧(14)的另一端连接有阻尼器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述阻尼器为旋转阻尼器(7)；弹簧(14)末端通过链条(8)与旋转阻尼器(7)的阻尼旋转轴上设置的链轮配合传递动力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述阻尼器为一个，且固定于垂直于码头(13)上表面的纵向设置的支撑架(12)部分的中部；其中，两个弹簧(14)末端通过一根链条(8)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述两个弹簧(14)外部设有弹簧套筒(5)，链条(8)上位于两个弹簧套筒(5)端部处设有止链器(6)。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述支撑架(12)横臂下侧与码头(13)上部在缆绳(9)的垂直方向上对应安装两个防撞导缆基座(4)，防撞导缆基座(4)由支腿(4-3)和基座面(4-2)构成，支腿(4-3)下端固定于支撑架(12)横臂下侧或码头(13)上，支腿(4-3)上部设有基座面(4-2)，基座面(4-2)中部设有用于缆绳(9)穿入的限位孔(4-1)，基座面(4-2)上表面设有弹性材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述自由导缆滚轮(3)的滚轮支座(3-3)安装于支撑架(12)横臂下侧或码头(13)上，滚轮支座(3-3)上部安装滚轮，滚轮上设有缠绕缆绳(9)的滚轮沟槽(3-1)，滚轮支座(3-3)上部位于滚轮外侧设有防跳线挡板(3-2)，防跳线挡板(3-2)内侧设有与滚轮沟槽(3-1)位置对应的凹槽。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述旋转阻尼器(7)包括固定于纵向垂直支架(12)上的链轮支座(7-5)，链轮支座(7-5)上安装链轮(7-6)，贯穿链轮支座(7-5)安装传动轴(7-4)，链轮支座(7-5)一侧的传动轴(7-4)上由内向外依次安装离合器(7-3)、减速齿轮箱(7-2)和电子惯性感应传感器(7-7)，链轮支座(7-5)另一侧的传动轴(7-4)上由内向外依次安装离合器(7-3)、减速齿轮箱(7-2)和驱动电 机(7-1)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述缆绳(9)位于平台臂(11)上下两部分分别通过链接接头(10)连接平台臂(11)，链接接头(10)为U型槽结构，U型槽两侧边上设有连接孔(10-1)，平台臂(11)上设有与连接孔(10-1)对应的孔，链接接头(10)通过连接杆贯穿于平台臂孔与连接孔(10-1)固定安装。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置，其特征在于：所述码头(13)侧面与平台(1)和码头(13)之间设有护舷(2)。
PCT/CN2020/079599 2019-07-29 2020-03-17 一种提供全向回复力的系泊装置 Ceased WO2021017482A1 (zh)

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