WO2021012950A1 - 一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构 - Google Patents

一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021012950A1
WO2021012950A1 PCT/CN2020/100793 CN2020100793W WO2021012950A1 WO 2021012950 A1 WO2021012950 A1 WO 2021012950A1 CN 2020100793 W CN2020100793 W CN 2020100793W WO 2021012950 A1 WO2021012950 A1 WO 2021012950A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
platform
bearing
rolling
nuclear reactor
horizontal ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100793
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李红霞
王文华
李想
甄兴伟
杨宏启
黄一
Original Assignee
大连理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910657839.5A external-priority patent/CN110386228B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910657838.0A external-priority patent/CN110386227B/zh
Application filed by 大连理工大学 filed Critical 大连理工大学
Priority to AU2020281167A priority Critical patent/AU2020281167B2/en
Publication of WO2021012950A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021012950A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of marine engineering in ice regions, and relates to a connection mechanism for connecting nuclear power platforms in a separated ice region , and in particular to a rolling and pitching decoupling connection mechanism for connecting nuclear power platforms in a separated ice region. Rolling, pitching and heaving decoupling connection mechanism for connecting nuclear power platforms in separated ice areas.
  • the performance requirements of nuclear reactor support platforms include two categories.
  • the first category is to ensure buoyancy, stability, and sinking resistance in still water; the second category is to ensure sports performance and structural strength performance under environmental loads such as sea breeze, ocean waves, ocean currents, sea ice, and earthquakes.
  • the design of the connection mechanism of the nuclear power platform in the ice area must be carried out under the premise of ensuring the above-mentioned performance and safety.
  • the present invention proposes two separate ice-region nuclear power platform connection mechanisms suitable for the ice-region environment based on the operating environment and requirements of the marine ice region nuclear reactor support platform, which can guarantee the nuclear reactor Support the safety of the platform.
  • a connecting mechanism for connecting a nuclear power platform in a separated ice area including two structures: the first is a rolling and pitching disconnecting mechanism for connecting a nuclear power platform in a separated ice area, and the second is a kind of A roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism used for the connection of a separate ice zone nuclear power platform.
  • a roll-and-pitch uncoupling mechanism for connecting a nuclear power platform in a separated ice zone.
  • the roll-and-pitch uncoupling connection mechanism is used to ensure the safety of a nuclear reactor support platform.
  • the roll-and-pitch uncoupling connection mechanism includes a horizontal The ring 1, the rotating shaft 2, the rolling bearing 3, the bearing locking sleeve 4, the rolling bearing brake 5 and auxiliary devices; the rolling bearing brake 5 is a locking device, and the auxiliary device includes a fender 6 and a mooring line 7.
  • the roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism can connect the nuclear reactor support platform 8 separated from each other with the environmental bearing platform 9.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is moored with tension legs, so that the movement outside the horizontal plane of the platform (heave, horizontal Swaying and pitching) are small, and the environmental bearing platform 9 adopts a four-point mooring form, which is mainly used to constrain the movement in the horizontal plane (sweeping, swaying, bowing).
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is cylindrical, and two rolling bearings 3 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the cylindrical surface.
  • Four rotating shafts 2 are installed inside and outside the horizontal ring 1, spaced at 90° intervals.
  • the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 coincides with the radial direction of the horizontal ring 1, and two rotating shafts 2 on the same diameter are installed on the horizontal ring 1.
  • Inside; the other two rotating shafts 2 are installed outside the horizontal ring 1.
  • a fender 6 is installed on the other side of the installation point of each rotating shaft 2 on the horizontal ring 1; two rolling bearings 3 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8 are installed on the rotating shaft inside the horizontal ring 1 through a bearing lock sleeve 4 2, the fender 6 installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2 is supported on the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9;
  • the mooring line 7 is a flexible rope, and there are four groups, installed at 90° intervals, and each group includes four Root mooring lines 7, each group of four mooring lines 7 are installed at equal intervals on the same high line outside the cylindrical surface of the nuclear reactor support platform 8, and the other end is installed at the same high line on the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9 at equal intervals
  • two rolling bearings 3 are installed symmetrically in the middle of the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9, and the rolling bearings 3 pass through the bearings.
  • the locking sleeve 4 is installed on the rotating shaft 2 outside the horizontal ring 1, and the fender 6 installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2 is supported on the nuclear reactor support platform 8; each of the four rolling bearings 3 is equipped with a rolling bearing brake 5. Used to brake the rolling bearing 3 when towing.
  • the auxiliary device connects the inner and outer platforms by arranging four fenders 6 and four groups of sixteen mooring cables 7 to prevent the outer platform from swinging too much under extreme conditions, thereby hitting the inner platform and increasing the safety of the system.
  • the locking device can fix the inner and outer platforms through the rolling bearing brake 5 during towing, and solves the stability problem when the inner platform is moored without tension legs during actual towing.
  • the rolling and pitching decoupling connection mechanism transmits the movement in the horizontal plane, so that the outer platform restricts the three-degree-of-freedom movement in the horizontal plane of the inner platform.
  • the roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism does not transmit roll and pitch motions, that is, the roll and pitch of the external platform do not affect the internal platform.
  • the roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism transmits the heave motion, the environmental bearing platform 9 is a truncated cone, and its lower outreach structure makes the radiation damping larger, which is equivalent to the function of the heave plate, and the heave motion performance Good, so that the inner and outer heave degrees of freedom can move synchronously.
  • the described roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism separates the roll and pitch motions of the inner and outer platforms, allows a certain degree of relative movement, and weakens the impact of the movement of the environmental bearing platform 9 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8.
  • a roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism for connecting a separate ice zone nuclear power platform.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism includes a horizontal ring 1, a rotating shaft 2, a sleeve 10, a pulley 11, Slide 12, rolling bearing 3, bearing locking sleeve 4, rolling bearing brake 5, pulley brake 13, auxiliary device, the rolling bearing brake 5 is a locking device, the pulley brake 13 is a braking device, the auxiliary device includes Fender 6 and mooring line 7.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism can connect the nuclear reactor support platform 8 that is separated from each other with the environmental bearing platform 9.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is moored with tension legs to make the platform move outside the horizontal plane (
  • the heave, roll, pitch) are small, and the environmental bearing platform 9 adopts a four-point mooring form, which is mainly used to constrain the movement in the horizontal plane (swing, roll, and sway).
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is cylindrical, and two rolling bearings 3 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the cylindrical surface; four rotating shafts 2 are installed inside and outside the horizontal ring 1, spaced at an interval of 90°, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 and The radial directions of the horizontal ring 1 coincide, in which two rotating shafts 2 on the same diameter are installed inside the horizontal ring 1; the other two rotating shafts 2 are installed outside the horizontal ring 1.
  • a fender 6 is installed on the other side of the installation point of each rotating shaft 2 on the horizontal ring 1.
  • the two rolling bearings 3 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 inside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing lock sleeve 4, and the fender 6 installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2 is supported on the inner surface of the sleeve 10 ;
  • the mooring line 7 is a flexible rope, a total of four groups, the four groups are installed at 90° intervals, each group includes four mooring lines 7, and each group of four mooring lines 7 are installed on the nuclear reactor support platform 8 at equal intervals at one end
  • the outer surface of the cylindrical surface is on the same high line, and the other end is installed on the same high line on the inner surface of the sleeve 10 at equal intervals to prevent the external platform from driving the nuclear reactor support platform 8 to swing excessively under extreme conditions, thereby hitting the nuclear reactor Support platform 8;
  • two rolling bearings 3 are installed symmetrically in the middle of the inner surface of the sleeve 10.
  • the rolling bearings 3 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 outside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing lock sleeve 4, and the two rotating shafts 2 are installed correspondingly
  • the fender 6 is supported on the nuclear reactor support platform 8; each of the four rolling bearings 3 is equipped with a rolling bearing brake 5, which is used to brake the rolling bearings 3 when towing; four sets are symmetrically installed outside the sleeve 10
  • Pulley system each pulley system includes 5 pulleys 11; the pulley brake 13 is installed on the support rod of the pulley 11, and is used to brake the pulley 11 when towing; four symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the environmental bearing platform 9 Slide 12; the pulley 11 is installed in the slide 12.
  • the locking device can limit the function of the rolling bearing 3 by the rolling bearing brake 5 during towing, and the braking device can limit the function of the pulley 11 by the pulley brake 13 during towing, so as to fix the inner and outer platforms.
  • the auxiliary device connects the inner platform with the sleeve 10 by arranging four fenders 6 and four groups of sixteen mooring lines 7 to connect with the outer platform, preventing the outer platform from driving the sleeve 10 to swing amplitude under extreme conditions If it is too large, it will hit the internal platform and increase the safety of the system.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism transmits the movement in the horizontal plane, so that the outer platform restricts the movement of the inner platform with three degrees of freedom in the horizontal plane.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism does not transmit roll, pitch, and heave motions, that is, the roll, pitch, and heave motions of the external platform do not affect the internal platform.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism separates the roll, pitch, and heave motions of the inner and outer platforms, allows a certain degree of relative movement, and weakens the impact of the movement of the environmental bearing platform 9 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8.
  • the present invention is aimed at the environmental conditions of the nuclear reactor supporting platform 8 in the ocean ice region and its own operation requirements.
  • the two connecting mechanisms designed in the present invention can well constrain the three-degree-of-freedom movement of the nuclear reactor support platform 8 to ensure the safety of the nuclear reactor and improve the adaptability of the nuclear power platform in the ice zone under extreme sea conditions.
  • the present invention can be applied to the marine environment in the ice region to ensure the safety of the nuclear reactor support platform 8.
  • Figure 1 is an installation effect diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the installation effect of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the horizontal ring in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the nuclear reactor support platform in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of an environment bearing platform according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the auxiliary device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an installation effect diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 8 is a top view of the installation effect of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a three-dimensional view of the horizontal ring according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a three-dimensional view of the sleeve of Example 2 of the invention.
  • Figure 11 is a three-dimensional view of a nuclear reactor supporting platform according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a three-dimensional diagram of an environment bearing platform according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional diagram of the auxiliary device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Example 1 A roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism for connecting a nuclear power platform in a separated ice zone
  • the present invention is a rolling and pitching decoupling connection mechanism for connecting a separate ice area nuclear power platform, and relates to an ice area nuclear power platform (Chinese invention patent, patent number: ZL201710906994.7) Roll and pitch decoupling connection mechanism.
  • the connecting mechanism includes a horizontal ring 1, a rotating shaft 2, a rolling bearing 3, a bearing lock sleeve 4, a rolling bearing brake 5, a fender 6 and a mooring line 7.
  • the connecting mechanism can separate the nuclear reactor support platform 8 from the environment.
  • the load-bearing platform 9 is connected, and the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is moored with tension legs, so that the movement (heave, roll, pitch) outside the horizontal plane of the platform is small.
  • the environmental load-bearing platform 9 adopts a four-point mooring form, which is mainly used for restraint. Movement in the horizontal plane (swaying, swaying, swaying).
  • FIG. 3 As shown in Figure 3, four rotating shafts 2 are installed inside and outside of the horizontal ring 1, spaced at 90° intervals. Two rotating shafts 2 on the same diameter are installed inside the horizontal ring 1. The axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 and the horizontal ring The radial direction of 1 is coincident; the other two rotating shafts 2 are installed outside the horizontal ring 1, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 coincides with the radial direction of the horizontal ring 1; the other two mounting points of each rotating shaft 2 on the horizontal ring 1 Fender 6 is installed on the side.
  • two rolling bearings 3 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 inside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing lock sleeve 4, and the guards installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2
  • the shipboard 6 is supported on the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9;
  • the mooring lines 7 are flexible cables, and there are four groups, installed at 90° intervals, each group includes four mooring lines 7, and each group of four mooring lines 7 ends Install at equal intervals on the same high line outside the cylindrical surface of the nuclear reactor support platform 8, and the other end at equal intervals on the same high line on the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9 to prevent the external platform from driving the nuclear reactor support platform under extreme conditions 8
  • the swing amplitude is too large, thus hitting the nuclear reactor support platform 8;
  • two rolling bearings 6 are installed symmetrically in the middle of the inner surface of the environmental bearing platform 9, and the rolling bearings 6 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 outside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing lock sleeve 7 ,
  • the connecting mechanism transmits the movement in the horizontal plane, so that the external platform restricts the movement of three degrees of freedom in the horizontal plane of the internal platform; the connecting mechanism does not transmit roll and pitch motions, that is, the roll and pitch of the external platform do not affect the internal platform; the connecting mechanism transmits the vertical
  • the environmental load-bearing platform 9 is of an hourglass type, and its lower extension type structure makes the radiation damping larger, which is equivalent to the function of a heave plate.
  • the heave motion performance is good, and the internal and external heave degrees of freedom move simultaneously in a small range.
  • the connecting mechanism separates the rolling and pitching movements of the inner and outer platforms, allowing a certain degree of relative movement, and weakening the impact of the movement of the environmental bearing platform 9 on the nuclear reactor supporting platform 8.
  • the connecting mechanism can well constrain the six degrees of freedom movement of the nuclear reactor support platform 8 to ensure the safety of the nuclear reactor and improve the operation of the nuclear power platform in the ice area.
  • This separated ice area nuclear power platform can provide sufficient and stable energy for ice area development, and the connection mechanism can weaken the impact of the environmental bearing platform movement on the nuclear reactor support platform, so that the nuclear reactor support platform has good hydrodynamic performance to ensure nuclear The safety of the heap.
  • the nuclear reactor supporting platform and the environmental bearing platform adopt tension leg method and multi-point anchor mooring respectively.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform and the environmental bearing platform are separated and connected by a connecting mechanism.
  • the connecting mechanism separates the rolling and pitching motions of the inner and outer platforms, allowing a certain degree of relative movement, and weakening the impact of the environmental bearing platform on the nuclear reactor support platform.
  • the connecting mechanism is equipped with a locking device to fix the inner and outer platforms during towing to improve the platform's towing performance; the connecting mechanism is equipped with auxiliary devices to increase the safety of the system.
  • the invention is designed for the environmental conditions of the nuclear power platform in the ocean ice area and its own operating requirements.
  • the platform structure can well resist ice loads.
  • the design of the mooring system and the connecting mechanism can cleverly restrict the six degrees of freedom movement of the nuclear reactor support platform. , Make it have good stability and hydrodynamic performance, ensure the safety of nuclear reactors, and improve the adaptability of nuclear power platforms in ice regions under extreme sea conditions.
  • the invention can be applied to the marine environment in the ice area, and guarantee the safety of the nuclear reactor supporting platform.
  • Embodiment 2 A roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism for connecting a nuclear power platform in a separated ice zone
  • the present invention is a roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism for the connection of a separate ice nuclear power platform, which is used for an ice nuclear power platform (Chinese invention patent, patent number: ZL201710906994. 7)
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism includes horizontal ring 1, rotating shaft 2, sleeve 10, pulley 11, slide 12, rolling bearing 3, bearing locking sleeve 4, rolling bearing brake 5, fender 6 and Mooring line 7.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism can connect the nuclear reactor support platform 8 separated from each other with the environmental bearing platform 9.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is moored with tension legs to make the platform move outside the horizontal plane (heave, Rolling, pitching) is small, and the environmental bearing platform 9 adopts a four-point mooring form, which is mainly used to constrain the movement in the horizontal plane (swaying, swaying, and bowing).
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is cylindrical, and two rolling bearings 3 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the cylindrical surface;
  • FIG. 9 four rotating shafts 2 are installed inside and outside the horizontal ring 1, spaced at 90° intervals.
  • the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 coincides with the radial direction of the horizontal ring 1, and the two rotating shafts on the same diameter 2 is installed on the inner side of the horizontal ring 1; the other two rotating shafts 2 are installed on the outside of the horizontal ring 1; a fender 6 is installed on the other side of the installation point of each rotating shaft 2 on the horizontal ring 1; the nuclear reactor supports
  • the two rolling bearings 3 on the platform 8 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 inside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing locking sleeve 4, and the fender 6 installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2 is supported on the inner surface of the sleeve 10;
  • the mooring line 7 is a flexible line, and there are four groups, and the four groups are installed at 90° intervals.
  • Each group includes four mooring lines 7, and the four mooring lines 7 of each group are installed at equal intervals at one end.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform 8 is on the same high line on the cylindrical surface of the outer surface, and the other end is installed on the same high line on the inner surface of the sleeve 10 at equal intervals to prevent the external platform from driving the sleeve 10 to swing excessively under extreme conditions, thereby Hit the internal platform;
  • two rolling bearings 3 are installed symmetrically in the middle of the inner surface of the sleeve 10.
  • the rolling bearings 3 are installed on the rotating shaft 2 outside the horizontal ring 1 through the bearing lock sleeve 4, and are installed corresponding to the two rotating shafts 2
  • the fender 6 is supported on the nuclear reactor support platform 8; each of the four rolling bearings 3 is equipped with a rolling bearing brake 5, which is used to brake the rolling bearing 3 when towing;
  • the outer side of the sleeve 10 is symmetrically installed with four Group pulley system, each pulley system includes 5 pulleys 11; the pulley brake 13 is installed on the support rod of the pulley 11 to brake the pulley 11 when towing;
  • FIG. 12 four slideways 12 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the environmental bearing platform 9; the pulleys 11 are installed in the slideways 12; the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism transmits movement in the horizontal plane,
  • the external platform restricts the three-degree-of-freedom movement in the horizontal plane of the internal platform; the roll, pitch and heave decoupling connection mechanism does not transmit roll, pitch, and heave motions, that is, the roll, pitch, and heave motions of the external platform do not affect Internal platform.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism separates the roll, pitch, and heave motions of the inner and outer platforms, allowing a certain degree of relative movement, and weakening the impact of the movement of the environmental bearing platform 9 on the nuclear reactor support platform 8.
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism can well constrain the six-degree-of-freedom movement of the nuclear reactor supporting platform according to the environmental conditions of the nuclear reactor supporting platform in the ocean ice area and its own operating requirements, ensuring the safety of the nuclear reactor and improving The adaptability of nuclear power platforms in ice regions under extreme sea conditions.
  • the second embodiment relates to a rolling and pitching heave decoupling connection mechanism for a nuclear power platform in an ice region.
  • This separated ice area nuclear power platform can provide sufficient and stable energy for ice area development.
  • the roll, pitch, heave and decoupling connection mechanism can weaken the impact of the environmental bearing platform movement on the nuclear reactor support platform, making the nuclear reactor support platform good Hydrodynamic performance to ensure the safety of nuclear reactors.
  • the nuclear reactor supporting platform and the environmental bearing platform adopt tension leg method and multi-point mooring respectively.
  • the nuclear reactor support platform and the environmental bearing platform are separated and connected by a connecting mechanism.
  • the connecting mechanism separates the roll, pitch, and heave motions of the inner and outer platforms, allowing a certain degree of relative movement, and weakening the environmental bearing platform movement to the nuclear reactor Support the impact of the platform;
  • the roll, pitch, heave and decoupling connection mechanism is equipped with a locking device and a braking device to fix the inner and outer platforms during towing to improve the platform towing performance;
  • the roll, pitch, and heave decoupling connection mechanism is equipped with auxiliary devices , Increase the security of the system.
  • the invention is designed for the environmental conditions of the nuclear power platform in the ocean ice area and its own operating requirements.
  • the platform structure can well resist ice loads.
  • the design of the mooring system and the connecting mechanism can cleverly restrict the six degrees of freedom movement of the nuclear reactor support platform. , Make it have good stability and hydrodynamic performance, ensure the safety of nuclear reactors, and improve the adaptability of nuclear power platforms in ice regions under extreme sea conditions.
  • the invention can be applied to the marine environment in the ice area, and guarantee the safety of the nuclear reactor supporting platform.

Abstract

一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构，包括用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构、横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构，属于冰区海洋工程领域。两种连接机构主要包括水平环（1）、旋转轴（2）、滚动轴承（3）、轴承锁定套（4）、滚动轴承制动器（5）、护舷（6）和系泊缆（7），其中，横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构还包括套筒（10）、滑轮（11）、滑道（12）、滑轮制动器（13）。连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台（8）与环境承载平台（9）相连，连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台运动对核堆支撑平台的冲击。所述用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构针对海洋冰区环境和自身作业要求进行设计，具有良好的稳性和水动力性能，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。

Description

一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构 技术领域
本发明属于冰区海洋工程领域，涉及一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构 ，尤其涉及一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构、一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构。
背景技术
随着全球气候变暖，北极海冰加速融化，夏季出现可常规通航水域。在经济全球化、区域一体化不断深入发展的背景下，北极在战略、经济、科研、环保、航道、资源等方面的价值不断提升，北极航道和资源的开发利用能够对中国能源战略和经济发展产生巨大影响。冰区核电平台作为极区开发基础和重要的能源供应工程装备，能提供充足稳定的能源，对环境影响极小、安全性极高，具有很大的应用前景，其相关问题将成为国内外研究热点。而核反应堆的安全问题，是冰区核电平台亟待解决的重要问题，为保障核堆支撑平台核堆支撑平台的安全，提出此发明。
核堆支撑平台的性能要求包括两类。第一类是保证在静水中的浮性、稳性、抗沉性；第二类是在海风、海浪、海流、海冰、地震等环境载荷作用下保证运动性能和结构强度性能。冰区核电平台连接机构的设计，要在保证以上性能安全的前提下进行。
为使核反应堆安全工作，需要提供非常稳定的工作条件，即对核堆支撑平台的稳性及运动性能有非常苛刻的要求。在较大环境载荷作用下，包括浪、风、流联合作用及冰、风、流联合作用，核堆支撑平台六自由度运动响应均需很小，才能保障核堆安全，而现有系泊系统无法满足如此苛刻的要求。
 技术问题
为解决现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明依据海洋冰区核堆支撑平台的作业环境和要求，提出两种适用于冰区环境的分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构，能够保障核堆支撑平台的安全。
 技术解决方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构，包括两种结构：第一种为一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解连接机构，第二种为一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构。
一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解连接机构，该横摇纵摇解耦连接机构用于保障核堆支撑平台的安全，该横摇纵摇解耦连接机构包括水平环1、旋转轴2、滚动轴承3、轴承锁定套4、滚动轴承制动器5及辅助装置；所述的滚动轴承制动器5为闭锁装置，所述的辅助装置包括护舷6与系泊缆7。所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台8与环境承载平台9相连，核堆支撑平台8采用张力腿系泊，使得平台水平面外的运动（垂荡、横摇、纵摇）较小，环境承载平台9采用四点系泊形式，主要用来约束水平面内（纵荡、横荡、艏摇）的运动。
所述的核堆支撑平台8为圆柱形，在其圆柱面中间处对称布置两个滚动轴承3。所述水平环1内外侧安装四个旋转轴2，间隔90°分布，旋转轴2的轴向与水平环1的径向重合，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1内侧；另两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1外侧。所述水平环1上每个旋转轴2安装点的另一侧安装有护舷6；所述核堆支撑平台8上的两个滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1内侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在环境承载平台9内表面；所述系泊缆7为柔性缆绳，共有四组，四组间隔90°安装，每组包括四根系泊缆7，每组的四根系泊缆7一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台8圆柱面外侧的同一高线上，另一端等间距的安装在环境承载平台9内表面的同一高线上，防止外部平台在极限条件下带动核堆支撑平台8摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击核堆支撑平台8；所述环境承载平台9内表面中间处对称安装有两个滚动轴承3，滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1外侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在核堆支撑平台8上；所述四个滚动轴承3每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器5，用于拖航时对滚动轴承3的制动。
所述的辅助装置通过布置四个护舷6和四组共十六根系泊缆7使内外平台连接，防止外部平台在极限条件下摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击内部平台，增加系统的安全性。
所述的闭锁装置能在拖航时通过滚动轴承制动器5将内外平台固定，解决在实际拖航过程中内部平台未安装张力腿系泊时的稳性问题。
所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动。所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构不传递横摇、纵摇运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇不影响内部平台。所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构传递垂荡运动，所述环境承载平台9为圆台型，其下部外伸式结构使得辐射阻尼较大，相当于垂荡板的作用，垂荡运动性能良好，使得内外垂荡自由度同步小幅运动。所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台9运动对核堆支撑平台8的冲击。
一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构，该横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构包括水平环1、旋转轴2、套筒10、滑轮11、滑道12、滚动轴承3、轴承锁定套4、滚动轴承制动器5、滑轮制动器13、辅助装置，所述的滚动轴承制动器5为闭锁装置，所述的滑轮制动器13为制动装置，所述的辅助装置包括护舷6与系泊缆7。
所述的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台8与环境承载平台9相连，所述核堆支撑平台8采用张力腿系泊，使得平台水平面外的运动（垂荡、横摇、纵摇）较小，环境承载平台9采用四点系泊形式，主要用来约束水平面内（纵荡、横荡、艏摇）的运动。
所述核堆支撑平台8为圆柱形，在其圆柱面中间处对称布置两个滚动轴承3；所述水平环1内外侧安装四个旋转轴2，间隔90°分布，旋转轴2的轴向与水平环1的径向重合，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1内侧；另两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1外侧。所述水平环1上每个旋转轴2安装点的另一侧安装有护舷6。所述核堆支撑平台8上的两个滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1内侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在套筒10内表面；所述系泊缆7为柔性缆绳，共有四组，四组间隔90°安装，每组包括四根系泊缆7，每组的四根系泊缆7一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台8圆柱面外表面的同一高线上，另一端等间距的安装在套筒10内表面的同一高线上，防止外部平台在极限条件下带动核堆支撑平台8摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击核堆支撑平台8；所述套筒10内表面中间处对称安装有两个滚动轴承3，滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1外侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在核堆支撑平台8上；所述四个滚动轴承3每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器5，用于拖航时对滚动轴承3的制动；所述套筒10外侧对称安装有四组滑轮系统，每个滑轮系统包括5个滑轮11；所述滑轮制动器13安装在滑轮11的支杆上，用于拖航时对滑轮11的制动；所述环境承载平台9的内侧对称布置四条滑道12；所述滑轮11安装在滑道12内。
所述的闭锁装置能在拖航时通过滚动轴承制动器5限制滚动轴承3的作用，所述的制动装置能在拖航时通过滑轮制动器13限制滑轮11的作用，从而将内外平台固定，解决在实际拖航过程中内部平台未安装张力腿系泊时的稳性问题。
所述的辅助装置通过布置四个护舷6和四组共十六根系泊缆7使内部平台与套筒10连接，从而与外部平台连接，防止外部平台在极限条件下带动套筒10摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击内部平台，增加系统的安全性。
所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动。所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构不传递横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动不影响内部平台。所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台9运动对核堆支撑平台8的冲击。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果为：本发明针对海洋冰区核堆支撑平台8的环境条件和自身作业要求。本发明设计的两种连接机构能够很好地约束核堆支撑平台8三自由度的运动，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。本发明能够应用于冰区海洋环境，保障核堆支撑平台8的安全。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的安装效果图；
图2为本发明实施例1的安装效果俯视图；
图3为本发明实施例1水平环三维图；
图4为本发明实施例1核堆支撑平台三维图；
图5为本发明实施例1环境承载平台三维图；
图6为本发明实施例1辅助装置三维图；
图7为本发明实施例2的安装效果图
图8为本发明实施例2的安装效果俯视图；
图9为本发明实施例2水平环三维图；
图10为本发明实施例2套筒三维图；
图11为本发明实施例2核堆支撑平台三维图；
图12为本发明实施例2环境承载平台三维图；
图13为本发明实施例2辅助装置三维图；
图中，1水平环；2旋转轴；3滚动轴承；4轴承锁定套；5滚动轴承制动器；6护舷；7系泊缆；8核堆支撑平台；9环境承载平台；10套筒；11滑轮；12滑道；13滑轮制动器。
 本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1：一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构
如图1、图2所示，本发明一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接横摇纵摇解耦连接机构，涉及一种冰区核电平台（中国发明专利，专利号：ZL201710906994.7）横摇纵摇解耦连接机构。该连接机构包括水平环1、旋转轴2、滚动轴承3、轴承锁定套4、滚动轴承制动器5、护舷6和系泊缆7，所述的连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台8与环境承载平台9相连，核堆支撑平台8采用张力腿系泊，使得平台水平面外的运动（垂荡、横摇、纵摇）较小，环境承载平台9采用四点系泊形式，主要用来约束水平面内（纵荡、横荡、艏摇）的运动。
如图3所示，水平环1内外侧安装四个旋转轴2，间隔90°分布，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1内侧，旋转轴2的轴向与水平环1的径向重合；另两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1外侧，旋转轴2的轴向与水平环1的径向重合；所述水平环1上每个旋转轴2安装点的另一侧安装有护舷6。
如图4、5、6所示所述在核堆支撑平台8上两个滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1内侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在环境承载平台9内表面；所述系泊缆7为柔性缆绳，共有四组，四组间隔90°安装，每组包括四根系泊缆7，每组的四根系泊缆7一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台8圆柱面外侧的同一高线上，另一端等间距的安装在环境承载平台9内表面的同一高线上，防止外部平台在极限条件下带动核堆支撑平台8摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击核堆支撑平台8；所述环境承载平台9内表面中间处对称安装有两个滚动轴承6，滚动轴承6通过轴承锁定套7安装在水平环1外侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在核堆支撑平台8上；所述四个滚动轴承3每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器5，用于拖航时对滚动轴承3的制动。连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动；连接机构不传递横摇、纵摇运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇不影响内部平台；连接机构传递垂荡运动，所述环境承载平台9为沙漏型，其下部外伸式结构使得辐射阻尼较大，相当于垂荡板的作用，垂荡运动性能良好，使得内外垂荡自由度同步小幅运动。连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台9运动对核堆支撑平台8的冲击。
所述的连接机构针对海洋冰区核堆支撑平台8的环境条件和自身作业要求，能够很好地约束核堆支撑平台8六自由度的运动，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。
这种分离式冰区核电平台能为冰区开发提供充足稳定的能源，连接机构能削弱环境承载平台运动对核堆支撑平台的冲击，使得核堆支撑平台具有良好的水动力性能，以保证核堆的安全。核堆支撑平台与环境承载平台分别采用张力腿方式、多点锚泊系泊。核堆支撑平台与环境承载平台二者分离，并通过连接机构相连，连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台运动对核堆支撑平台的冲击；连接机构设置闭锁装置，拖航时将内外平台固定，提高平台拖航性能；连接机构设置辅助装置，增加系统的安全性。本发明针对海洋冰区核电平台的环境条件和自身作业要求进行设计，平台结构能够很好地抵抗冰载荷，系泊系统与连接机构的设计，能巧妙的约束核堆支撑平台六自由度的运动，使其具有良好的稳性和水动力性能，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。本发明能够应用于冰区海洋环境，保障核堆支撑平台的安全。
实施例2：一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构
 
如图13、图8所示，本发明一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构，用于冰区核电平台（中国发明专利，专利号：ZL201710906994.7），该横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构包括水平环1、旋转轴2、套筒10、滑轮11、滑道12、滚动轴承3、轴承锁定套4、滚动轴承制动器5、护舷6和系泊缆7。所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台8与环境承载平台9相连，核堆支撑平台8采用张力腿系泊，使得平台水平面外的运动（垂荡、横摇、纵摇）较小，环境承载平台9采用四点系泊形式，主要用来约束水平面内（纵荡、横荡、艏摇）的运动。
如图11所示，核堆支撑平台8为圆柱形，在其圆柱面中间处对称布置两个滚动轴承3；
如图9所示，所述水平环1内外侧安装四个旋转轴2，间隔90°分布，旋转轴2的轴向与水平环1的径向重合，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1内侧；另两个旋转轴2安装在水平环1外侧；所述水平环1上每个旋转轴2安装点的另一侧安装有护舷6；所述在核堆支撑平台8上两个滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1内侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在套筒10内表面；
如图13所示，所述系泊缆7为柔性缆绳，共有四组，四组间隔90°安装，每组包括四根系泊缆7，每组的四根系泊缆7一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台8圆柱面外表面的同一高线上，另一端等间距的安装在套筒10内表面的同一高线上，防止外部平台在极限条件下带动套筒10摇摆幅度过大，从而撞击内部平台；
如图10所示，所述套筒10内表面中间对称安装有两个滚动轴承3，滚动轴承3通过轴承锁定套4安装在水平环1外侧的旋转轴2上，与这两个旋转轴2对应安装的护舷6支撑在核堆支撑平台8上；所述四个滚动轴承3每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器5，用于拖航时对滚动轴承3的制动；所述套筒10外侧对称安装有四组滑轮系统，每个滑轮系统包括5个滑轮11；所述滑轮制动器13安装在滑轮11的支杆上，用于拖航时对滑轮11的制动；
如图12所示，所述环境承载平台9的内侧对称布置四条滑道12；所述滑轮11安装在滑道12内；所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动；横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构不传递横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动不影响内部平台。横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台9运动对核堆支撑平台8的冲击。
所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构针对海洋冰区核堆支撑平台的环境条件和自身作业要求，能够很好地约束核堆支撑平台六自由度的运动，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。
本实施例2涉及一种冰区核电平台横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构。这种分离式冰区核电平台能为冰区开发提供充足稳定的能源，横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构能削弱环境承载平台运动对核堆支撑平台的冲击，使得核堆支撑平台具有良好的水动力性能，以保证核堆的安全。核堆支撑平台与环境承载平台分别采用张力腿方式、多点锚泊系泊。核堆支撑平台与环境承载平台二者分离，并通过连接机构相连，连接机构使得内外平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动分离，允许发生一定程度的相对运动，削弱环境承载平台运动对核堆支撑平台的冲击；横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构设置闭锁装置与制动装置，拖航时将内外平台固定，提高平台拖航性能；横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构设置辅助装置，增加系统的安全性。本发明针对海洋冰区核电平台的环境条件和自身作业要求进行设计，平台结构能够很好地抵抗冰载荷，系泊系统与连接机构的设计，能巧妙的约束核堆支撑平台六自由度的运动，使其具有良好的稳性和水动力性能，保证核堆的安全，提高冰区核电平台在极端海况下的适应能力。本发明能够应用于冰区海洋环境，保障核堆支撑平台的安全。
以上所述实施例仅表达本发明的实施方式，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利的范围的限制，应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构，其特征在于，所述的连接机构具体为一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构，横摇纵摇解耦连接机构包括水平环（1）、旋转轴（2）、滚动轴承（3）、轴承锁定套（4）、滚动轴承制动器（5）、护舷（6）和系泊缆（7）；所述的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台（8）与环境承载平台（9）相连，削弱环境承载平台（9）运动对核堆支撑平台（8）的冲击；
    所述核堆支撑平台（8）为圆柱形，在其圆柱面中间处对称布置两个滚动轴承（3）；所述水平环（1）内外侧安装四个旋转轴（2），间隔90 分布，旋转轴（2）的轴向与水平环（1）的径向重合，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴（2）安装在水平环（1）内侧；另两个旋转轴（2）安装在水平环（1）外侧；所述水平环（1）上每个旋转轴（2）安装点的另一侧安装有护舷（6）；所述核堆支撑平台（8）上的两个滚动轴承（3）通过轴承锁定套（4）安装在水平环（1）内侧的旋转轴（2）上，与这两个旋转轴（2）对应安装的护舷（6）支撑在环境承载平台（9）内表面；所述系泊缆（7）为柔性缆绳，系泊缆（7）的一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台（8）圆柱面外侧，另一端安装在环境承载平台（9）内表面；所述环境承载平台（9）内表面中间处对称安装有两个滚动轴承（3），滚动轴承（3）通过轴承锁定套（4）安装在水平环（1）外侧的旋转轴（2）上，与这两个旋转轴（2）对应安装的护舷（6）支撑在核堆支撑平台（8）上；所述四个滚动轴承（3）每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器（5），用于拖航时对滚动轴承（3）的制动；
    所述的用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇解耦连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动，同时传递垂荡运动；不传递横摇、纵摇运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇不影响内部平台。
  2. 一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的连接机构，其特征在于，所述的连接机构具体为一种用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构，包括水平环（1）、旋转轴（2）、套筒（10）、滑轮（11）、滑道（12）、滚动轴承（3）、轴承锁定套（4）、滚动轴承制动器（5）、滑轮制动器（13）和辅助装置；所述辅助装置包括护舷（6）和系泊缆（7）；所述横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构能使相互分离的核堆支撑平台（8）与环境承载平台（9）相连，削弱环境承载平台（9）运动对核堆支撑平台（8）的冲击；
    所述核堆支撑平台（8）为圆柱形，在其圆柱面中间处对称布置两个滚动轴承（3）；所述水平环（1）内外侧安装四个旋转轴（2），间隔90 分布，旋转轴（2）的轴向与水平环（1）的径向重合，其中位于同一直径上的两个旋转轴（2）安装在水平环（1）内侧，另两个旋转轴（2）安装在水平环（1）外侧；所述水平环（1）上每个旋转轴（2）安装点的另一侧安装有护舷（6）；所述核堆支撑平台（8）上的两个滚动轴承（3）通过轴承锁定套（4）安装在水平环（1）内侧的旋转轴（2）上，与这两个旋转轴（2）对应安装的护舷（6）支撑在套筒（10）内表面；所述系泊缆（7）为柔性缆绳，系泊缆（7）一端等间距的安装在核堆支撑平台（8）圆柱面外表面，另一端等间距的安装在套筒（10）内表面；所述套筒（10）内表面中间处对称安装有两个滚动轴承（3），滚动轴承（3）通过轴承锁定套（4）安装在水平环（1）外侧的旋转轴（2）上，与这两个旋转轴（2）对应安装的护舷（6）支撑在核堆支撑平台（8）上；所述四个滚动轴承（3）每个都配置有滚动轴承制动器（5），用于拖航时对滚动轴承（3）的制动；所述套筒（10）外侧对称安装有四组滑轮系统，每个滑轮系统包括5个滑轮（11）；所述滑轮制动器（13）安装在滑轮（11）的支杆上，用于拖航时对滑轮（11）的制动；所述环境承载平台（9）的内侧对称布置四条滑道（12）；所述滑轮（11）安装在滑道（12）内；
    所述用于分离式冰区核电平台连接的横摇纵摇垂荡解耦连接机构传递水平面内的运动，使得外部平台限制内部平台水平面内三自由度的运动；不传递横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动，即外部平台横摇、纵摇、垂荡运动不影响内部平台。
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