WO2021012630A1

WO2021012630A1 - Energy-saving excavator

Info

Publication number: WO2021012630A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/000153
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董志强
Original assignee: 董志强
Priority date: 2019-07-20
Filing date: 2020-07-20
Publication date: 2021-01-28

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy-saving excavator. The energy-saving excavator comprises a travelling mechanism, a car body, a movable arm boom, and a movable arm stick, a bucket, and a gravity offset counterweight, and further comprises a movable arm support. The lower end of the movable arm support is hingedly connected to the car body, the upper end of the movable arm support is hingedly connected to the movable arm boom, a support adjusting cylinder is provided between the movable arm support and the car body, and a movable arm boom adjusting cylinder is provided between the movable arm support and the movable arm boom. The tail of the movable arm boom is provided with the gravity offset counterweight. According to the present invention, by providing the movable arm support having adjustable angle attitude, the problems of interference and contact of the gravity offset counterweight with the car body due to too large action angle of the movable arm are solved, and the adaptability to various working conditions is enhanced; in addition, the requirements of the transport status can be met, the problems of efficiency decrease and excessive energy consumption due to too large dead weight of a movable arm mechanism of the excavator are solved, the purpose of saving energy in the lifting and lowering of the movable arm mechanism in all working conditions is achieved, and the energy-saving effect is obvious.

Description

Energy-saving excavator

Technical field

The invention relates to construction engineering machinery, in particular to an energy-saving excavator.

Background technique

Excavator is an important construction machinery, which is widely used in various engineering projects such as engineering construction and mining excavation. When working, excavators need to consume a lot of energy. In order to achieve the purpose of saving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment, The development of energy saving and consumption reduction for excavators is very important. When the excavator is in operation, it needs to continuously raise and lower the boom mechanism to realize working conditions such as excavation and unloading. However, the mass of the boom mechanism of the excavator itself is very large, which requires a large amount of extra energy to overcome these extra gravity, so a large amount of energy is consumed.

In order to reduce this energy consumption, the prior art discloses a variety of energy-saving excavators, including hybrid excavators, energy storage excavators and the like. However, these energy-saving excavators have large application limitations and limited energy-saving effects, and cannot be widely promoted at present. The main principle of the excavator with an accumulator is to use the accumulator to absorb the potential energy of the boom and release the absorbed energy into the boom lifting, which plays a role in assisting the boom lifting, but the energy is too absorbed. It is not suitable for various working conditions of excavators, such as leveling operation, slope cutting operation, fine operation and other working conditions. At the same time, the energy storage device still has some safety problems, which will bring safety hazards; there are other energy saving Technical excavators, but these technologies have disadvantages such as complex structure, high manufacturing cost, and difficult maintenance. While saving energy, they also bring some safety hazards and increase the failure rate of excavators in operation.

In order to reduce energy consumption, the prior art discloses a variety of energy-saving excavators, but these energy-saving excavators still cannot achieve the overall energy saving of the boom mechanism, and therefore cannot achieve the best energy saving effect.

In order to reduce energy consumption, the prior art discloses a variety of energy-saving excavators, but these energy-saving excavators have difficulties in production design and manufacturing. If the existing excavators are used for transformation, the best energy-saving effect will be achieved at the same time. There are also the problems of high transformation cost and difficulty of transformation, so it is difficult to transform into actual products.

Summary of the invention

Option One:

The technical problem to be solved in the first solution is to provide an energy-saving excavator. By setting the boom support arm with adjustable angle and posture, the energy-saving requirements of lifting and lowering the boom mechanism in all working conditions are realized, and the excavator is enhanced for various working conditions. Adaptability to conditions and transportation requirements.

The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems are:

An energy-saving excavator includes a traveling mechanism, a vehicle body, a boom boom, a boom arm, a bucket, and a gravity offset counterweight. It also includes a boom support arm. The lower end of the boom support arm is hinged with the vehicle body, The upper end of the arm support arm is hinged with the boom boom, and a support arm adjustment cylinder for controlling the angle of the boom support arm is provided between the boom support arm and the car body, and a control is provided between the boom support arm and the boom boom. Boom boom adjustment cylinder for boom boom action; the tail of the boom boom is equipped with a gravity counterweight.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopting the above-mentioned scheme one has the beneficial effect: by setting the boom support arm with adjustable angle and posture, it is well solved that the boom action angle is too large, causing gravity to offset the counterweight interference contact The problem of the car body enhances the adaptability of various working conditions, and at the same time can meet the requirements of the transportation state, and solves the problems of the excavator's efficiency drop and excessive energy consumption caused by the excessive weight of the boom mechanism. Realize the energy saving purpose of lifting and lowering the boom mechanism in all working conditions, and the energy saving effect is obvious.

Further, the preferred scheme of scheme one is:

The boom support arm is a telescopic structure, including a fixed section and a telescopic section. The fixed section and the telescopic section are connected by the support arm telescopic cylinder. The lower end of the fixed section is hinged with the vehicle body, the upper part of the telescopic section is hinged with the boom boom, and the fixed section is connected to the vehicle. A support arm adjustment cylinder is hinged between the bodies, and a boom adjustment cylinder is hinged between the telescopic section and the boom boom.

The boom support arm includes a lower body support part and an upper tripod. The lower end of the body support part is hinged with the car body, the upper end of the body support part is hinged with the tripod, and the tripod is hinged with the boom boom: the body support part and the car A support arm adjustment cylinder is arranged between the bodies, a boom boom adjustment cylinder is hinged between the tripod and the boom boom, and a boom boom auxiliary adjustment cylinder is hinged between the main body support part and the tripod.

The upper part of the boom support arm is provided with a link support mechanism. The link support mechanism includes a first link and a second link. One end of the first link is hinged with the boom support arm, and the other end of the first link is connected to the boom The boom adjustment cylinder is hinged; one end of the second link is hinged with the boom boom, and the other end of the second link is hinged with the boom boom adjustment cylinder.

The tail of the boom boom is equipped with a counterweight position adjustment cylinder and a counterweight slideway. The gravity offset is reset on the counterweight slideway and is linked with the piston rod of the counterweight position adjustment cylinder.

Boom boom includes boom boom main boom and boom boom tail boom, boom boom main boom tail is connected with boom boom tail boom set, boom boom tail boom and boom boom main boom The boom boom tail boom adjustment cylinder is connected between, and the gravity offset counterweight is set on the boom boom tail boom.

Boom boom includes boom boom main arm and boom boom tail boom. The tail of the boom boom main boom is hinged to the boom boom tail arm through the boom boom tail arm pin shaft, and the boom boom tail boom A boom boom tail boom adjustment cylinder is hinged with the boom boom main arm, and a gravity offset counterweight is arranged on the boom boom tail boom.

The boom support arm includes a lower support arm and an upper support arm. The lower support arm is hingedly connected to the upper support arm. A first adjustment cylinder for the support arm is arranged between the lower support arm and the car body. The lower support arm and the upper support arm are hinged. There is a second adjusting cylinder for the supporting arm, and a boom adjusting cylinder is hinged between the upper section of the supporting arm and the boom boom.

Option II:

The technical problem to be solved in the second solution is to provide an energy-saving excavator to realize the comprehensive energy-saving demand for the excavating boom mechanism and enhance the excavator's adaptability to various operating conditions and transportation requirements.

The technical solutions adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems are:

An energy-saving excavator, comprising a car body, a first boom, a second boom, and a second boom king pin shaft, the lower end of the first boom is hinged with the car body, and the front end of the first boom passes through the second boom king pin The shaft is hinged to the middle of the second boom, and also includes an accumulator cylinder, an accumulator, and an energy-saving counterweight. The accumulator cylinder is hinged between the vehicle body and the first boom, and the accumulator is in communication with the accumulator. The tail of the second boom is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight, and the second boom takes the kingpin of the second boom as a fulcrum, so that the second boom forms a lever structure, and the gravity of the tail is used to offset the gravity in front of the fulcrum.

Scheme two, compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effect is: adapt to the full working conditions of the excavating arm mechanism, the structure is more compact, which is conducive to the transformation of the existing excavator into an energy-saving excavator, and can fully realize the excavating arm The organization has strong adaptability and obvious energy-saving effect under various working conditions.

Furthermore, the preferred scheme of scheme two is:

The second boom includes a second boom main arm and a second boom tail arm. The tail of the second boom tail arm is equipped with energy-saving counterweights. The front part of the second boom tail arm is connected to the second boom main arm. The tail is hinged, and a second boom tail arm angle adjustment oil cylinder is hinged between the second boom tail arm and the second boom main arm.

The second boom of the boom includes a second boom main arm and a second boom tail arm. The tail of the second boom tail arm is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight. The front part of the second boom tail arm and the second boom main The tail of the boom is sleeved and connected, and the second boom tail boom telescopic cylinder is connected between the second boom tail boom and the second boom main boom.

Rollers are built-in between the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the second boom main boom sleeve to reduce the frictional resistance during mutual expansion.

The second boom of the boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail boom. The second boom tail boom includes a movable section and a telescopic section. The tail of the second boom tail boom telescopic section is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight. The front part of the second boom tail boom telescopic section is connected to the tail of the second boom tail boom movable section. The second boom tail is connected between the second boom tail boom movable section and the second boom tail boom movable section. Boom telescopic cylinder, the front of the movable section of the second boom tail boom is hinged with the tail of the second boom main boom, the second boom tail boom is hinged between the second boom main boom and the second boom tail movable section Angle adjustment cylinder.

A roller is built-in between the telescopic section of the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the movable section to reduce the frictional resistance when telescopic.

third solution:

The technical problem to be solved in the third plan is to provide an energy-saving excavator to realize the comprehensive energy-saving demand for the excavating boom mechanism, which not only enhances the excavator's adaptability to various operating conditions and transportation requirements, but also has a simple structure and energy-saving effect. Good, and easy to remodel.

The technical scheme adopted in scheme three is:

An energy-saving excavator, comprising a car body, a first boom, a second boom, and a second boom king pin shaft, the lower end of the first boom is hinged with the car body, and the front end of the first boom passes through the second boom king pin The shaft is hinged with the middle of the second boom, and also includes a gas spring and an energy-saving counterweight. One end of the gas spring is hinged with the car body, and the other end of the gas spring is hinged with the first boom, and the second boom is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight. The second boom takes the kingpin shaft of the second boom as the fulcrum, so that the second boom forms a lever structure, and the gravity of the tail is used to balance the gravity in front of the fulcrum.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the third scheme has the beneficial effects of adapting to the energy-saving requirements of the excavating boom mechanism under all working conditions, the energy-saving effect is very obvious, the failure rate is low, and it is beneficial to the energy-saving transformation of the existing excavator, and The transformation cost is low and the transformation difficulty is small, which is conducive to the formation of actual products and facilitates the production transformation of existing excavators.

The preferred scheme of scheme three is:

It also includes gas cylinders or gas tanks, which are connected with the gas spring through pipelines.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 1 of the first scheme;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the limit lifting state of the boom in the first embodiment of the scheme;

3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the boom in the first embodiment of the scheme 1 suitable for deep excavation and transportation requirements;

4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of Scheme 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of Scheme 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of Scheme 1;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 5 of the scheme one

8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 of Scheme 1;

9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 7 of the first scheme;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 8 of Scheme 1;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 9 of Scheme 1.

Option II:

12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the second scheme;

13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the second scheme;

14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the second scheme;

15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the second scheme;

third solution:

Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the gas spring structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings:

Scheme one embodiment:

Example 1:

Refer to Figure 1, an energy-saving excavator whose boom mechanism consists of boom boom 6, boom boom adjustment cylinder 9, boom lower arm 13, boom boom cylinder 4, bucket 11, and bucket cylinder 12. In the structure, the boom 6, the lower boom 13, and the bucket 11 are hinged in sequence, the boom boom 6 is provided with a boom boom cylinder 4, and the boom boom 13 is provided with a bucket cylinder 12.

The boom support arm 8 is a vertical support structure, its lower end is hinged with the car body 2, and its upper end is hinged with the boom 6 through a hinge shaft 5, and the gravity offset counterweight 7 is arranged on the boom boom on the left side of the hinge shaft 5. 6 tail; articulated shaft 5 as the fulcrum of the boom boom 6, the gravity offset counterweight 7 forms a lever structure with the boom mechanism through this fulcrum, so the boom mechanism can offset part or all of its own gravity. So as to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

A support arm adjusting cylinder 10 is hinged between the boom support arm 8 and the vehicle body 2 to control the angle and posture of the boom support arm 8, and the boom support arm 8 and the boom 6 are hinged to control the movement of the boom boom 6 The boom boom adjustment cylinder 9. Adjust the angle between the boom support arm 8 and the car body 2 through the support arm adjustment cylinder 10 to adjust the height between the boom boom 6 and the car body 2 to avoid interference with contact when the gravity counterbalances the counterweight 7 moving down To the hydraulic components of the car body 2.

Referring to Figure 2, due to the adjustment of the angle of the boom support arm 8, the distance between the boom boom 6 and the car body 2 can be raised, so that the lifting height of the excavating boom mechanism can be greater than that of an excavator with the same tonnage. The lifting operation range of the excavator is improved.

Referring to Figure 3, due to the angle adjustment of the boom support arm 8, the distance between the boom boom 6 and the car body 2 can be reduced, so the structure of the excavator is more compact, which not only enhances the transport performance of the excavator, but also It meets the deep excavation requirements of excavators and increases the general performance of excavators.

Example 2:

4, the boom support arm 8 is a telescopic structure, including a fixed section 8a and a telescopic section 8b, the fixed section 8a and the telescopic section 8b are connected by the support arm telescopic cylinder 14, the lower end of the fixed section 8a is hinged with the car body 2, the telescopic section The upper end of 8b is hinged with the boom 6, a support arm adjusting cylinder 10 is hinged between the fixed section 8a and the vehicle body 2, and a boom adjusting cylinder 9 is hinged between the telescopic section 8b and the boom 6. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the support arm telescopic cylinder 14 and the support arm adjustment cylinder 10 to adjust the height of the boom 6, this structure can have a more flexible adjustment capability, thus making the structure of the excavator more compact.

Example 3:

5, the boom support arm 8 includes a lower main body support portion 8d and an upper tripod 8c. The lower end of the main body support portion 8d is hinged to the vehicle body 2, and the upper end of the main body support portion 8d is hinged to the tripod 8c. The tripod 8c Articulated with the boom 6; between the main body support portion 8d and the car body 2 is provided with a support arm adjustment cylinder 10, between the tripod 8c and the boom 6 is hinged with a boom adjustment cylinder 9, the main body support portion A boom auxiliary adjusting cylinder 15 is hinged between 8d and the tripod 8c. This tripod structure can adjust and limit the range of the movable angle of the boom 6 and the adjustment is flexible and convenient.

Example 4:

6, the upper part of the boom support arm 8 is provided with a link support mechanism. The link support mechanism includes a first link 16 and a second link 17. One end of the first link 16 is hinged with the boom support arm 8. The other end of a link 16 is hinged with the piston rod of the boom adjustment cylinder 9; one end of the second link 17 is hinged with the boom 6, and the other end of the second link 17 is hinged with the boom adjustment cylinder The piston rod of 9 is hinged. This structure can enable the boom 6 to obtain a larger angular range of motion by changing the size ratio of the linkage mechanism.

Example 5:

Referring to Figure 7, the tail of the boom 6 is provided with a counterweight position adjustment cylinder 18 and a counterweight slide 19, and the gravity offset counterweight 7 is placed on the counterweight slide 19 and matches the piston rod of the counterweight position adjustment cylinder 18 Telescopic linkage. The position of the counterweight position adjustment cylinder 18 adjusts the gravity to offset the position of the counterweight 7 at the tail of the boom 6 to further improve the energy saving requirements of the excavator to adapt to changes in external load.

Example 6:

Referring to Figure 8, the boom boom 6 includes a boom boom main arm 6a and a boom boom tail arm 6b. The tail of the boom boom main boom 6a is connected to the boom boom tail arm 6b by a sleeve, and the boom boom tail A boom boom tail boom adjusting cylinder 20 is connected between the boom 6b and the boom boom main arm 6a, and a gravity offset counterweight 7 is provided on the boom boom tail boom 6b. The position of the gravity offset counterweight 7 at the tail of the boom 6 is adjusted through the boom boom tail boom adjustment cylinder 20, which improves the energy saving requirements of the excavator to adapt to changes in external load, and has a compact structure.

Example 7:

Referring to Figure 9, the boom 6 includes a boom boom main arm 6a and a boom boom tail arm 6b. The tail of the boom boom main arm 6a is hinged to the boom boom through the boom boom tail arm pin 21 The boom 6b, the boom boom boom 6b and the boom boom main arm 6a are hingedly connected with a boom boom boom boom adjustment cylinder 20, and a gravity offset counterweight 7 is provided on the boom boom boom 6b. The position angle of the boom boom tail arm 6b is adjusted by the boom boom tail boom adjustment cylinder 20. This structure can enhance the adaptability of the excavator, and can reduce the overall height of the excavator when the boom 6 of the excavator is at a larger downward angle, which is more suitable for the height requirements of the excavator during transportation.

Example 8:

10, the boom support arm 8 includes a support arm lower section 8e and a support arm upper section 8f, the support arm lower section 8e and the support arm upper section 8f are hingedly connected, the support arm lower section 8e and the car body 2 are provided with a support arm first adjusting cylinder 10a, a second adjustment cylinder 10b for the support arm is hinged between the lower section 8e of the support arm and the upper section 8f of the support arm, and a boom adjustment cylinder 9 is hinged between the upper section 8f and the boom 6 of the support arm. This structure adjusts the first adjustment cylinder 10a of the support arm and the second adjustment cylinder 10b of the support arm, which can not only adjust the height of the boom 6 and increase the excavating working range of the excavator, but also adjust the center of gravity of the excavating boom mechanism. The adjustment has greatly improved the safety and stability of the excavator during work, transportation or walking.

Example 9:

Referring to Figure 11, the front end of the boom 6 of the boom mechanism is a telescopic boom structure. The length of the front end of the boom 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the boom boom forearm telescopic cylinder 23 to achieve greater Dig depth.

Example of Scheme 2:

Example 1:

Referring to Figure 12, an energy-saving excavator whose boom mechanism includes a boom boom 2, a boom cylinder 3, a boom arm 8, a forearm cylinder 10, a bucket 12, and a bucket cylinder 13. The excavator also Including the accumulator 6, the accumulating cylinder 7, and the energy-saving counterweight 9. The lower end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the car body 5, and the accumulating cylinder 7 is hinged between the boom boom 2 and the car body 5. The accumulating cylinder 7 It is connected to the accumulator 6. The accumulator cylinder 7 recovers the energy from the lowering of the boom mechanism to the accumulator 6. When the boom 2 is raised, the energy stored in the accumulator 6 is in accordance with the operating conditions of the excavator If required, it is released into the lifting of the boom 2 through the accumulator cylinder 7.

In Figure 12, the front end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the middle of the boom boom 8 through the boom kingpin shaft 11, and a boom cylinder 10 is hinged between the boom boom 2 and the boom boom 8, and an energy-saving counterweight 9 Set at the tail of the boom forearm 8, the front part of the boom forearm 8 is connected to the working arm bucket 12, the energy-saving counterweight 9, the bucket 12 and the boom forearm 8 form a lever structure. The fulcrum of this lever structure is For the arm king pin shaft 11, the boom arm 8 rotates around the arm king pin shaft 11 through the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 10. This structure uses the weight of the tail of the boom arm 8 to offset the front part of the boom arm 8 The weight of the mechanism works together with the accumulator cylinder 7 and the accumulator 6 to achieve the purpose of offsetting all the gravity of the boom mechanism. Therefore, the energy-saving excavator can fully excavate the boom mechanism in various working conditions during construction. Under the energy-saving demand, it has strong adaptability and obvious energy-saving effect, and it is also suitable for the production transformation of existing excavators.

Based on the above basic structure, the following embodiments may be preferred:

Example 2:

As shown in Fig. 13, the boom forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The front end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the forearm main arm 8a through the forearm king pin shaft 11, and the forearm tail arm 8b The front end is hinged with the tail end of the forearm main arm 8a. The forearm tail arm angle adjustment cylinder 17 is hinged between the forearm tail arm 8b and the forearm main arm 8a. The end of the forearm tail arm 8b is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9. After the tail boom angle adjustment cylinder 17 is locked, the energy-saving counterweight 9, the forearm main boom 8a and the forearm tail boom 8b form a lever structure with the forearm kingpin shaft 11 as the fulcrum, so that the excavator can achieve a small boom during construction. The best energy-saving requirements of the arm 8. This adjustment structure can adapt to different construction space requirements and enhance the passability of the excavator during transportation. The energy-saving counterweight 9 can be fixedly installed at the tail of the forearm tail arm 8b, or other A more reliable connection method.

Example 3:

As shown in Figure 14, the boom forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The front end of the forearm tail arm 8b is built into the tail of the forearm main arm 8a. The forearm tail arm 8b and the forearm main arm The forearm tail boom telescopic cylinder 16 is connected between 8a, and a roller 15 is built between the forearm tail boom 8b and the forearm main boom 8a telescopic part to reduce the forearm tail boom 8b when the forearm main boom 8a telescopes Frictional resistance, the end of the forearm arm 8b is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9, and the position of the energy-saving counterweight 9 is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the forearm tail boom telescopic cylinder 16, thereby changing the lever arm of the forearm lever structure of the boom to meet different tasks Compared with Example 2, it can better adapt to the energy-saving requirements when the external load changes during construction. At the same time, through adjustments, it can meet the construction needs of excavators in narrow spaces and meet the requirements for excavator height during transportation. The passability of the excavator during transportation.

Example 4:

As shown in Figure 15, the boom forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The forearm tail arm 8b includes a forearm tail boom movable section 8c and a forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e. The front end of the movable section 8c is hinged with the tail end of the forearm main arm 8a, and the forearm tail arm angle adjustment cylinder 17 is hinged between the forearm main arm 8a and the forearm tail boom movable section 8c. The front end of the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8c is built in the small arm. The tail of the boom movable section 8c, the forearm boom movable section 8c and the forearm boom telescopic section 8c are connected to the forearm boom telescopic cylinder 16, and the forearm boom telescopic section 8e is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9 to reduce The telescopic friction resistance of the forearm tail boom movable section 8c and the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e telescopic part, the built-in rollers are built between the forearm tail boom movable section 8c and the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8c. This structure combines the embodiments The advantages of 2 and Example 3 make the excavator better adapt to the energy-saving requirements under various working conditions, and at the same time better meet the height requirements of excavator work and transportation: energy-saving counterweight 9 can be fixed Installed at the tail of the forearm telescopic section 8e, other more reliable connection methods can also be used, for example, the energy-saving counterweight 9 and the forearm telescopic section 8e are connected into one body to form an integral structure, or at the forearm end The arm telescopic section 8e is filled with heavy materials to achieve the purpose of counterweight.

It should be noted that the first and second booms of the present invention are not limited to two-boom excavators. It should also be noted that the accumulator cylinder 7 can work alone, or the boom cylinder can be used as an accumulator The energy cylinder 7 is used, and the energy-saving counterweight 9 serves the purpose of increasing the weight of the tail of the forearm. Obviously, increasing the weight of the tail of the forearm can be achieved by adding other weights, and the effect is the same.

third solution:

In order to fully understand the utility model, many component names are mentioned in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art should understand that, as shown in the drawings, the first boom of the excavator is boom 2 and the second boom is The boom lower arm 8, therefore, in the embodiment, the well-known excavator structure, components, and mechanism names are not described in detail, so as not to unnecessarily cause the embodiment to be blurred.

Example 1:

Referring to Figure 16, an energy-saving excavator whose boom mechanism includes a boom boom 2, a boom cylinder 3, a boom arm 8, a forearm cylinder 10, a bucket 12, and a bucket cylinder 13. The excavator also Package gas spring 7, energy-saving counterweight 9, the lower end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the car body 5. The gas spring 7 is hinged between the boom boom 2 and the car body 5. The function of the gas spring 7 is the compressibility of the gas It realizes its spring action to balance the gravity of part or all of the boom boom 2 when lifting, so that the boom cylinder 3 saves effort when lifting the boom mechanism and reduces energy consumption, so that more energy can be applied to the material lifting At the same time, when the boom mechanism is lowered, the gas spring 7 can also play a certain buffering effect to reduce mechanical shock.

In this embodiment, Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the application of the gas spring 7 in this embodiment. The gas spring 7 includes a gas spring cylinder 7a, a gas spring piston rod 7b, and a gas spring piston 7c. The upper side of the gas spring piston 7c is a gas spring. The rod cavity 7e, the lower side of the gas spring piston 7c is the gas spring rodless cavity 7f, the gas spring rodless cavity 7f is filled with nitrogen, the gas spring has a rod cavity 7e communicating with the atmosphere, and the lower end of the gas spring cylinder 7a is hinged with the car body 5. The upper end of the gas spring piston rod 7b is hinged with the boom boom 2, and the pressure of the gas spring rodless chamber 7f filled with nitrogen can be adjusted to balance the gravity of the boom mechanism. In this embodiment, the gas spring 7 can also Conventional gas springs are used, such as air springs, oil-gas springs or other forms of nitrogen gas springs. Since the gas spring 7 has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and conventional gas springs can be used, it is convenient to implement the transformation of the excavator.

In Figure 16, the front end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the middle of the boom boom 8 through the boom kingpin shaft 11, and a boom cylinder 10 is hinged between the boom boom 2 and the boom boom 8, and the energy-saving counterweight 9 Set at the tail of the boom forearm 8, the front part of the boom forearm 8 is connected to the working device bucket 12, the energy-saving counterweight 9, the bucket 12 and the boom forearm 8 form a lever structure. The fulcrum of this lever structure is a small At the arm king pin shaft 11, the boom arm 8 rotates around the arm king pin shaft 11 through the expansion and contraction of the forearm cylinder 10. This structure uses the weight of the tail of the boom arm 8 to balance the front mechanism of the boom arm 8 Through the joint action of the gas spring 7 to balance the gravity of the boom mechanism, the energy-saving excavator can fully realize the energy-saving requirements and adaptability of the boom mechanism in various working conditions during construction. Strong, energy-saving effect is obvious, at the same time suitable for the existing excavator production transformation.

Based on the above basic structure, the following embodiments may be preferred:

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 18, the boom and the forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The front end of the boom boom 2 is hinged with the forearm main arm 8a through the forearm king pin shaft 11, and the forearm tail arm 8b The front end is hinged with the tail end of the forearm main arm 8a. The forearm tail arm angle adjustment cylinder 17 is hinged between the forearm tail arm 8b and the forearm main arm 8a. The end of the forearm tail arm 8b is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9. After the tail boom angle adjustment cylinder 17 is locked, the energy-saving counterweight 9, the forearm main boom 8a and the forearm tail boom 8b form a lever structure with the forearm kingpin shaft 11 as the fulcrum, so that the excavator can achieve a small boom during construction. The best energy-saving requirements of the arm 8. This adjustment structure can adapt to different construction space requirements and enhance the passability of the excavator during transportation. The energy-saving counterweight 9 can be fixedly installed at the tail of the forearm tail arm 8b, or other A more reliable connection method.

Example 3:

As shown in Figure 19, the boom forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The front end of the forearm tail arm 8b is built into the tail of the forearm main arm 8a. The forearm tail arm 8b and the forearm main arm The forearm tail boom telescopic cylinder 16 is connected between 8a, and a roller 15 is built between the forearm tail boom 8b and the forearm main boom 8a telescopic part to reduce the forearm tail boom 8b when the forearm main boom 8a telescopes Frictional resistance, the end of the forearm arm 8b is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9, and the position of the energy-saving counterweight 9 is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the forearm tail boom telescopic cylinder 16, thereby changing the lever arm of the forearm lever structure of the boom to meet different tasks Compared with Example 2, it can better adapt to the energy-saving requirements when the external load changes during construction. At the same time, through adjustments, it can meet the construction needs of excavators in narrow spaces and meet the requirements for excavator height during transportation. The passability of the excavator during transportation.

Example 4:

As shown in Figure 20, the boom forearm 8 includes a forearm main arm 8a and a forearm tail arm 8b. The forearm tail arm 8b includes a forearm tail boom movable section 8c and a forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e. The front end of the movable section 8c is articulated with the tail end of the forearm main arm 8a, the forearm tail boom angle adjustment cylinder 17 is hinged between the forearm main arm 8a and the forearm tail movable section 8c, and the front end of the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e is built in the small arm. The end of the boom movable section 8c, the forearm boom movable section 8c and the forearm boom telescopic section 8e are connected to the forearm boom telescopic cylinder 16, and the forearm boom telescopic section 8e is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight 9 to reduce The telescopic friction resistance of the forearm tail boom movable section 8c and the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e telescopic part, the built-in roller between the forearm tail boom movable section 8c and the forearm tail boom telescopic section 8e telescopic part, this structure combines the embodiment The advantages of 2 and Example 3 make the excavator better adapt to the energy-saving requirements under various working conditions, and at the same time better meet the height requirements of excavator work and transportation: energy-saving counterweight 9 can be fixed Installed at the tail of the forearm telescopic section 8e, other more reliable connection methods can also be used, for example, the energy-saving counterweight 9 is connected with the forearm telescopic section 8c to form an integral structure, or at the forearm end The arm telescopic section 8e is filled with heavy materials to achieve the purpose of counterweight.

Example 5:

As shown in FIG. 21, this embodiment also includes a gas cylinder 6. The gas spring rodless chamber 7f of the gas spring 7 is connected to the gas cylinder 6 through the pipeline 14. The gas cylinder 6 increases the nitrogen storage volume, so that the gas spring 7 The elastic pressure changes more smoothly.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Anything that does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention is based on the technical essence of the present invention. Modifications, equivalent changes and modifications all belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

An energy-saving excavator, including a walking mechanism (3), a vehicle body (2), a boom boom (6), a boom arm (13), a bucket (11), a gravity counterweight (7), and It is characterized in that it also includes a boom support arm (8), the lower part of the boom support arm (8) is hinged with the vehicle body (2), and the upper part of the boom support arm (8) is hinged with the boom boom (6), and A support arm adjustment cylinder (10) is provided between the boom support arm (8) and the car body (2), and a boom adjustment cylinder (10) is provided between the boom support arm (8) and the boom boom (6) (9); The tail of the boom boom (6) is provided with a gravity counterweight (7).
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boom support arm (8) is a telescopic structure, including a fixed section (8a) and a telescopic section (8b), the fixed section (8a) and the telescopic section (8b) ) Is connected by the support arm telescopic cylinder (14), the lower end of the fixed section (8a) is hinged with the car body (2), the upper part of the telescopic section (8b) is hinged with the boom boom (6), and the fixed section (8a) is hinged with the car body ( 2) A support arm adjustment oil cylinder (10) is hinged between, and a boom adjustment oil cylinder (9) is hinged between the telescopic section (8b) and the boom boom (6).
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boom support arm (8) includes a lower main body support portion (8d) and an upper tripod (8c), and the lower end of the main body support portion (8d) is connected to the vehicle The body (2) is hinged, the upper end of the main body support part (8d) is hinged to the tripod (8c), and the tripod (8c) is hinged to the boom (6); the main body support part (8d) and the car body (2) are hinged There is a support arm adjustment cylinder (10) between the tripods (8c) and the boom boom (6) is hinged with a boom adjustment cylinder (9), the main body support part (8d) and the tripod (8c) An auxiliary adjustment cylinder (15) of the boom boom is hinged between.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the boom support arm (8) is provided with a link support mechanism, and the link support mechanism includes a first link (16) and a second link (17) , One end of the first link (16) is hinged with the boom support arm (8), and the other end of the first link (16) is hinged with the boom adjustment cylinder (9); the second link (17) One end is hinged with the boom boom (6), and the other end of the second link (17) is hinged with the boom boom adjustment cylinder (9).
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear part of the boom boom (6) is provided with a counterweight position adjustment cylinder (18) and a counterweight slideway (19), and the gravity offset counterweight (7) It is placed on the counterweight slideway (19) and moves in telescopic linkage with the piston rod of the counterweight position adjustment cylinder (18).
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boom boom (6) includes boom boom main boom (6a) and boom boom tail boom (6b), boom boom main boom (6b) 6a) The tail part is connected with the boom tail boom (6b), the boom boom tail boom adjustment cylinder (20) is connected between the boom boom tail boom (6b) and the boom boom main arm (6a) ), a gravity offset counterweight (7) is arranged on the boom tail boom (6b) of the boom.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boom boom (6) includes boom boom main boom (6a) and boom boom tail boom (6b), boom boom main boom (6b) The tail of 6a) is hinged to the boom boom tail arm (6b) through the boom boom tail arm pin (21), and the boom boom tail arm (6b) and the boom boom main arm (6a) are hinged between Boom boom tail boom adjustment oil cylinder (20), and a gravity offset counterweight (7) is arranged on the boom boom tail boom (6b).
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boom support arm (8) includes a lower support arm (8e) and an upper support arm (8f), a lower support arm (8e) and an upper support arm (8f) Hinge connection, a support arm first adjusting cylinder (10a) is provided between the lower support arm (8e) and the car body (2), and a second support arm is hinged between the lower support arm (8e) and the upper support arm (8f) An adjustment oil cylinder (10b), a boom adjustment oil cylinder (9) is hinged between the upper section of the support arm (8f) and the boom boom (6).
An energy-saving excavator, comprising a car body, a first boom, a second boom, and a second boom king pin shaft, the lower end of the first boom is hinged with the car body, and the front end of the first boom passes through the second boom king pin The shaft is hinged to the middle of the second boom, and is characterized in that it also includes an accumulator cylinder, an accumulator, and an energy-saving counterweight. The accumulator cylinder is hinged between the vehicle body and the first boom, and the accumulator is in communication with the accumulator. And, the second boom is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight at the tail, and the second boom takes the second boom kingpin as the fulcrum, so that the second boom forms a lever structure, and the gravity at the tail counteracts the gravity at the front of the fulcrum.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 9, wherein the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail boom, the tail of the second boom tail boom is provided with an energy-saving counterweight, and the second boom The front part of the boom tail arm is hinged with the tail part of the second boom main arm, and a second boom tail arm angle adjustment cylinder is hinged between the second boom tail arm and the second boom main arm.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 9, wherein the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail boom, the tail of the second boom tail boom is provided with an energy-saving counterweight, and the second boom The front part of the boom tail arm is sleeved and connected with the tail part of the second boom main arm, and the second boom tail boom telescopic cylinder is connected between the second boom tail arm and the second boom main arm.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: rollers are built-in between the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the second boom main boom sleeve to reduce the frictional resistance during mutual expansion.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 9, wherein the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail boom, the second boom tail boom includes a movable section and a telescopic section, and the second boom The tail of the boom tail boom telescopic section is equipped with energy-saving counterweights, the front of the second boom tail boom telescopic section is connected to the tail of the second boom tail boom movable section, and the second boom tail boom telescopic section is connected to the second boom. The second boom tail boom telescopic cylinder is connected between the movable sections of the boom tail boom, the front part of the second boom tail boom movable section is hinged with the tail of the second boom main boom, and the second boom main boom and the second boom A second boom angle adjustment cylinder is hinged between the movable sections of the tail boom.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 13, wherein a roller is built in between the telescopic section of the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the movable section to reduce the frictional resistance during expansion and contraction.
An energy-saving excavator, comprising a car body, a first boom, a second boom, and a second boom king pin shaft, the lower end of the first boom is hinged with the car body, and the front end of the first boom passes through the second boom king pin The shaft is hinged with the middle of the second boom, and is characterized in that it also includes a gas spring and an energy-saving counterweight. One end of the gas spring is hinged with the vehicle body, and the other end of the gas spring is hinged with the first boom. Energy-saving counterweight, the second boom takes the second boom kingpin as the fulcrum, so that the second boom forms a lever structure, and the gravity at the tail is used to balance the gravity at the front of the fulcrum.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 15, wherein the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail arm, and the tail of the second boom tail arm is provided with an energy-saving counterweight, The front part of the second boom tail arm is hinged with the tail part of the second boom main arm, and a second boom tail arm angle adjustment cylinder is hinged between the second boom tail arm and the second boom main arm.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 15, wherein the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail arm, and the tail of the second boom tail arm is provided with an energy-saving counterweight, The front part of the second boom tail arm is sleevedly connected with the tail part of the second boom main arm, and the second boom tail boom telescopic cylinder is connected between the second boom tail arm and the second boom main arm.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 17, characterized in that: rollers are built-in between the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the second boom main boom sleeve to reduce frictional resistance during mutual expansion.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 15, characterized in that: the second boom includes a second boom main boom and a second boom tail boom, and the second boom tail boom includes a movable section and a telescopic section. The tail of the second boom tail boom telescopic section is equipped with an energy-saving counterweight. The front of the second boom tail boom telescopic section is connected to the tail of the second boom tail boom movable section. The second boom tail boom telescopic cylinder is connected between the two boom tail boom movable sections. The front part of the second boom tail boom movable section is hinged with the second boom main boom tail. The second boom main boom is connected to the second boom main boom. A second boom angle adjustment cylinder is hinged between the movable sections of the boom tail boom.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 19, characterized in that: a roller is built between the telescopic section of the second boom tail boom and the telescopic part of the movable section to reduce the frictional resistance during expansion and contraction.
The energy-saving excavator according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises a gas cylinder or gas tank, and the gas cylinder or gas tank is connected with the gas spring through a pipeline.