WO2021012392A1

WO2021012392A1 - Energy-storage-type energy recovery and noise reduction device for hybrid electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2021012392A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/109315
Authority: WO
Inventors: 饶中浩; 姜威; 赵佳腾
Original assignee: 中国矿业大学
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2021-01-28
Also published as: CN110454260A

Abstract

Disclosed is an energy-storage-type energy recovery and noise reduction device for a hybrid electric vehicle. The device comprises a heat storage system, thermoelectric conversion systems, a heat superconducting plate (1), and a silencer (7), wherein the heat storage system comprises heat storage box bodies (8), heat storage materials (2), and heat conduction fins (3); the heat storage box bodies (8) surround the outer side of the silencer (7); the heat storage materials (2) fill the heat storage box bodies (8); the heat conduction fins (3) are arranged in the heat storage materials (2); a plurality of thermoelectric conversion systems are provided, and same are distributed on the surfaces of the heat storage box bodies (8) in a surrounding manner along the axis of the silencer (7); each thermoelectric conversion system comprises heat dissipation fins (4) and thermoelectric power generation pieces (5); the cold end and the hot end of each of the thermoelectric power generation pieces (5) are respectively attached to the heat conduction fins (3) and the heat dissipation fins (4) adjacent thereto; and an evaporation section of the heat superconducting plate (1) is arranged inside the silencer (7), and a condensation section of the heat superconducting plate (1) is arranged inside the heat storage materials (2). The device is used for recovering tail gas heat by means of the advantages of the heat superconducting plate, i.e. high heat transmission capacity, high shape adaptability, and high latent heat of phase change materials. The temperature of vehicle tail gas is reduced, and the ability of a silencing system to silence medium-and-low-frequency noise is improved.

Description

Energy recovery and noise reduction device for energy storage type hybrid electric vehicle

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of automobile exhaust heat recovery, in particular to an energy storage type hybrid electric automobile energy recovery and noise reduction device.

Background technique

With the development of the times, people's demand for automobiles has become greater and greater, but the environmental pollution caused by automobile driving has also become more and more serious. Petroleum resources are increasingly scarce, and the development of new energy vehicles is not only a requirement for domestic development, but also an important bargaining chip in international competition. However, for pure electric vehicles, the imperfect development of batteries and related technologies has severely restricted their rapid growth. Under this circumstance, engineers have improved them, combined the batteries with traditional internal combustion engines, and developed the current equipment. The favored hybrid car.

Hybrid electric vehicles use dual power sources of engine and electric motor as the energy source, so that the engine can work in high-efficiency areas to the greatest extent while meeting the power of the entire vehicle. Therefore, compared with traditional vehicles, it greatly reduces fuel consumption and has battery life compared to electric vehicles. It has long characteristics and becomes a reliable transitional product before pure electric vehicle technology matures. However, due to the existence of the engine, there is exhaust heat loss and noise pollution, so it has high development potential in terms of noise control and energy recovery.

Most of the energy recovery systems at this stage use the braking force generated during braking as an energy source to generate electricity, and store the electrical energy in the power battery, but as the main power source of the car-gasoline, only about 30% of the actual use is used About 40% of the exhaust gas is dissipated into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas. The research on the waste heat recovery of exhaust gas energy involves the theoretical knowledge of fluid dynamics, acoustics, heat transfer, vibration, and engine structure and performance. It has certain complexity. . Therefore, extensive research has been conducted at home and abroad on how to improve the performance of automobile exhaust systems. At present, the subject of obtaining automobile exhaust energy based on the thermoelectric power generation effect of thermoelectric materials has been widely carried out at home and abroad.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage type hybrid electric vehicle.

In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an energy storage hybrid vehicle energy recovery and noise reduction device, the device is connected to the automobile exhaust system through a flange, the device includes a heat storage system, a thermoelectric Conversion system, super thermal conductive plate and muffler;

The heat storage system includes a heat storage box, a heat storage material, and a heat-conducting fin. The heat storage box is in the shape of a toroidal column, wrapped on the outside of the cylindrical muffler, and is radially fixed to the outer wall of the muffler through a slot. The heat storage material is filled in the heat storage box, the thermally conductive fins are placed in the heat storage material; the thermoelectric conversion system is provided with multiple groups, which are distributed around the heat storage box outside the heat storage box along the muffler axis On the surface, each group of the thermoelectric conversion system includes heat dissipation fins and thermoelectric power generation fins. The number of heat conduction fins and the heat dissipation fins are the same. The fin and the heat dissipation fin are attached, and the other end of the heat dissipation fin is located in the air flow channel for heat dissipation; the muffler is divided into three cavities by two partition walls, the first two cavities are resistive cavities, and the third cavity is resistive The superconducting plate includes a plurality of branch structures distributed around the axis of the muffler, each branch is composed of an evaporation section and a condensing section connected as a whole, and the evaporation sections of the branches are all built into the muffler, It is closely attached to the two partition wall surfaces in the muffler cavity, and the condensation sections of the branches are all built into the heat storage material.

Preferably, the heat storage material is a mid-to-high temperature composite phase change material, specifically paraffin wax, carboxylic acid, molten salt, metal alloy and the like.

Preferably, the materials of the heat conduction fins and the heat dissipation fins are aluminum.

Preferably, the material of the branch is copper.

Further, the thermoelectric power sheet is connected to a voltage stabilizer through a wire, and the voltage stabilizer is connected to the power supply circuit of the automobile.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Starting from the structure of the traditional muffler, the present invention uses the good heat transfer performance of the superconducting plate and the efficient heat storage performance of the heat storage material to transfer and store the high-grade heat in the muffler in time, and the energy storage material is for thermoelectric power generation Provide a stable heat source to ensure the continuous output of the current, further enhance the energy recovery of the hybrid electric vehicle, increase the cruising range, so as to achieve the efficient use of waste heat while reducing the temperature in the muffler to improve the muffling effect of low-frequency noise. Achieve the dual effects of energy saving and noise reduction.

2. The electric energy generated by the device is directly connected to the vehicle power battery, which further improves the energy recovery capacity of the vehicle and reduces the load of the engine on the power generation.

3. The device has compact structure, low cost and can be modularized. It is directly connected to the exhaust system through a flange, and has the advantages of convenient maintenance and transformation.

4. This device can select the corresponding super-conducting plate material, super-conducting plate starting temperature, and heat storage material phase change temperature for different vehicle types and different driving conditions to achieve the highest energy recovery efficiency.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an assembly diagram of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a side view of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view of the super-conducting plate in the energy recovery and noise reduction device of an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention;

In the figure, 1-super thermal conductive plate, 2-heat storage material, 3-heat conductive fins, 4-heat dissipation fins, 5-thermoelectric power generation sheet, 6-partition wall, 7-muffler, 8-heat storage box.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, an energy storage hybrid vehicle energy recovery and noise reduction device of the present invention is connected to the exhaust system of the automobile through a flange, and a high temperature resistant device is provided between the flanges. Corrosion-resistant gaskets.

The device includes a heat storage system, a thermoelectric conversion system, a super thermal conductive plate 1 and a muffler 7;

The heat storage system includes a heat storage box 8, a heat storage material 2 and a thermally conductive fin 3. The heat storage box 8 is a carrier of the energy storage system, is in the shape of a circular cylinder, and is wrapped on the outside of the cylindrical muffler 7 , Through the card slot and the outer wall of the muffler 7 radially fixed, the heat storage material 2 is filled in the heat storage box 8, the thermally conductive fins 3 are placed in the heat storage material 2; the heat storage material 2 is The medium and high temperature composite phase change materials can be adjusted to different phase change temperatures according to the engine power, which can be paraffin, carboxylic acid, molten salt, metal alloy, etc. There are 2 heat storage systems in total.

The thermoelectric conversion system is provided with multiple groups, which are distributed around the outer surface of the heat storage box 8 along the axis of the muffler 7, and each group of the thermoelectric conversion system includes a heat dissipation fin 4 and a thermoelectric power generation fin 5. The heat conduction fin The number of fins 3 and the heat dissipation fins 4 are the same, the materials of the heat conduction fins 3 and the heat dissipation fins 4 are aluminum, the heat conduction fins 3 are buried in the heat storage material 2, and the thermoelectric power generation fins 5 are The core of the thermoelectric conversion system. The cold and hot end surfaces of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease and are respectively attached to the adjacent thermally conductive fins 3 and radiating fins 4. The thermally conductive fins 3 and the radiating fins 4 are The temperature difference formed on both sides of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 makes the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 generate electric energy. The electric energy generated by the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 is connected to the power supply circuit of the automobile through a wire through a voltage stabilizer. 5 constitutes a power generation module, which converts the thermal energy of the heat storage material into electrical energy; the other end of the heat dissipation fin 4 is located in the air flow channel for heat dissipation.

The muffler 7 is divided into three cavities by two partition walls 6. The first two cavities are resistant cavities, which are matched with the superconducting plate 1 to cool down to achieve low-medium and low frequency noise reduction. The third cavity is a resistive cavity with internal filling Acoustic materials achieve high-frequency noise reduction.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the superconducting plate 1 is the main heat transfer and thermodynamic conversion element, which includes a plurality of branch structures distributed around the axis of the muffler 7, and each branch is connected as a whole The evaporation section of the branch is composed of the evaporation section and the condensation section. The evaporation section of the branch is built in the muffler 7 and closely fits the two partition walls 6 in the cavity of the muffler 7, and the condensation section of the branch passes through the wall of the muffler 7 The upper reserved holes are then built into the heat storage material 2. The branch structure is made of red copper, and the structure can be transformed according to the cross-sectional shape of the muffler 7. The working fluid of the super thermal conductive plate 1 can be determined according to the working temperature. The number of the super thermally conductive plates 1 can be changed according to the actual thermal load to adjust the thermal conductivity of different vehicle types.

Implementation case one:

When applied to a hybrid vehicle, the engine is working and the exhaust gas passes through the three-way catalytic converter, and the temperature can reach 400-600℃. When the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the resonance cavity and transition cavity of the muffler, it oscillates and mixes inside the muffler, and the muffler wall temperature The sharp rise provides a higher heat flux density for the superconducting plate welded on the wall; after the superconducting tube reaches a certain heat flux density threshold, the internal working medium undergoes a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the working medium is heated and gasified to generate power and gas The plug is pushed to the condensation section to cool and liquefy, and the heat is transferred from the muffler where the evaporation section is located to the heat storage material where the condensation section is located through the continuous gas-liquid two-phase flow.

As the driving conditions are constantly changing, the heat generated by the engine is unstable, which affects the efficiency of power generation, so the heat storage material uses its high latent heat performance to stably store and release heat when the phase change occurs; as the temperature of the energy storage material increases As well as the forced convection heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins by the air flow channel, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet generates the Seebeck effect to generate electricity. The current generated by the thermoelectric power generation sheet is rectified and stabilized through the parallel wire to supply power to the vehicle power battery , To achieve energy recovery; at the same time, under the action of the super heat-conducting plate, the heat inside the muffler is discharged, and the temperature is reduced, so as to realize the muffling ability of the muffler's resonant cavity to low-frequency noise.

When the engine is turned off, the energy storage material that continuously stores energy begins to release heat. The principle is the same as the above. The electricity generated at this time can be used to charge the on-board battery, and the stored electricity can be used to reheat the engine and power the starter.

Implementation case two:

When applied to large vehicles and special vehicles, the function of energy recovery equipment can be further expanded due to the increase in heat generation and chassis space. For example, in large-scale transportation vehicles, diesel engines generate a lot of heat while providing high-power power. The heat generated by installing an energy recovery device can not only provide electricity for the vehicle, but also provide a heat source for the air-source air conditioning system.

The device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, does not need to modify the exhaust system, can replace the traditional muffler and can be directly hoisted, and rationally combines the advantages of the strong heat transfer capacity of the super-conducting plate, high shape adaptability and high latent heat of the phase change material, and the high quality of the exhaust gas Heat recovery improves the fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles, reduces the temperature of vehicle exhaust, and at the same time improves the muffling ability of the muffler system against mid- and low-frequency noise, which has high economic value and environmental protection value.

Claims

An energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle, characterized in that, the device is connected to the exhaust system of the automobile through a flange, and the device includes a heat storage system, a thermoelectric conversion system, and a super heat conducting plate (1 ) And muffler (7);

The heat storage system includes a heat storage box (8), a heat storage material (2) and a thermally conductive fin (3). The heat storage box (8) is in the shape of a circular column and is wrapped in a cylindrical muffler (7). ) Is radially fixed to the outer wall of the muffler (7) by a card slot, the heat storage material (2) is filled in the heat storage box (8), and the heat conducting fins (3) are placed in the heat storage In material (2); the thermoelectric conversion system is provided with multiple groups, which are distributed around the outer surface of the heat storage box (8) along the axis of the muffler (7), and each group of the thermoelectric conversion system includes heat dissipation fins ( 4) and thermoelectric power generation fins (5), the number of said thermally conductive fins (3) is the same as that of said heat dissipation fins (4), and the cold and hot ends of said thermoelectric power generation fins (5) are respectively connected to adjacent ones The heat-conducting fins (3) and the heat-dissipating fins (4) fit together, and the other end of the heat-dissipating fins (4) is located in the air flow channel for heat dissipation; the muffler (7) is divided into three cavities by two partition walls (6) Body, the first two cavities are resistive cavities, and the third cavity is resistive cavities; the super thermally conductive plate (1) includes a plurality of branch structures distributed around the axis of the muffler (7), and each branch is connected by The evaporating section and the condensing section are integrated. The evaporating section of the branch is built in the muffler (7) and closely fits the two partition walls (6) in the cavity of the muffler (7). The condensation section is built in the heat storage material (2).
The energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material (2) is a medium-high temperature composite phase change material.
The energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the materials of the heat conduction fins (3) and the heat dissipation fins (4) are aluminum.
The energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the material of the branch is copper.
The energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric power generation sheet (5) is connected to a voltage stabilizer through a wire, and the voltage stabilizer is connected to the power supply of the vehicle Circuit.