WO2021008082A1 - 一种基于gtp协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种基于gtp协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2021008082A1
WO2021008082A1 PCT/CN2019/127742 CN2019127742W WO2021008082A1 WO 2021008082 A1 WO2021008082 A1 WO 2021008082A1 CN 2019127742 W CN2019127742 W CN 2019127742W WO 2021008082 A1 WO2021008082 A1 WO 2021008082A1
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gtp
interface
attribute parameter
route
data message
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PCT/CN2019/127742
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吕东
秦海
周振盛
周远长
王健
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广州爱浦路网络技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/124—Shortest path evaluation using a combination of metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/14—Routing performance; Theoretical aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for distributing interfaces and routes based on the GTP protocol.
  • the communication between the network elements based on the GTP protocol is usually carried out by simple static routing or DNS domain name resolution, which involves complex interface connection and routing distribution, and can only support Route distribution of the third layer of network IP.
  • DNS domain name resolution which involves complex interface connection and routing distribution, and can only support Route distribution of the third layer of network IP.
  • Current network elements directly use DNS to resolve domain names and IP levels, which can no longer meet the requirements of current operators for interface and routing distribution in GTP data message network elements.
  • the GTP data message network elements of each operator have complex mesh connections and routing distribution, which gives operators The connection and distribution of IPX/GRX between them has caused huge expansion difficulties and brought expensive maintenance costs.
  • the connection is complex, it also exposes the operator's own internal network structure, which brings great network security risks.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and device for distributing interfaces and routes based on the GTP protocol to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a GTP protocol-based interface and route distribution method, the method includes:
  • the routing and distribution of the GTP data message is determined based on one attribute parameter or a combination of multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set.
  • the providing an interface supporting GTP data packets includes:
  • the GTP node includes:
  • the attribute parameter of the GTP data message includes one or more selected from the following group: IP, TEID, IMSI, APN, TIMER, ULI, LDC, eCHO.
  • the determining the routing and distribution of the GTP data message based on one attribute parameter or a combination of multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set includes:
  • the calculation of the next hop route according to one attribute parameter or a combination of multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set includes calculating the next hop route according to the following formula:
  • NXT R_ip HASH GTP ⁇ attribute parameter set ⁇
  • NXT R_ip represents the next hop route
  • HASH GTP ⁇ attribute parameter set ⁇ represents a routing hash algorithm composed of a combination of attribute parameter sets of the GTP data message.
  • HASH GTP P (attribute parameter 1) +P (attribute parameter 2) +P (attribute parameter i) +...P (attribute parameter n)
  • P attribute parameter i
  • n is the number of attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set
  • the weight is preset according to the network environment. Can be adjusted according to network operation.
  • the sending the GTP data message to the next GTP node corresponding to the next hop routing address includes:
  • the GTP data message is sent to the corresponding GTP node according to the priority of the next hop routing address.
  • the priority of the next hop routing address is calculated according to the following formula:
  • P GTP_P ⁇ time T, bandwidth D, ⁇ IMSI, APN, ULI ⁇ ,... ⁇ ,
  • P GTP_P is the priority of the next hop routing address
  • time T and bandwidth D are the parameter time and bandwidth of the GTP node, respectively.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide an interface and route distribution device based on the GTP protocol, the device including:
  • An interface module where the interface supports GTP data packets and is connected to a GTP node to receive GTP data packets from the GTP node;
  • the route distribution module extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data message to obtain the attribute parameter set of the GTP data message, and is based on one attribute parameter or multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set Combine to determine the routing and distribution of the GTP data message.
  • the GTP protocol-based interface and route distribution method in the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an interface supporting GTP data messages; connects to a GTP node via the interface to receive GTP data messages from the GTP node; extracts the GTP data Obtaining the attribute parameter set of the GTP data message by using the attribute parameter of the message; and determining the routing and distribution of the GTP data message based on one attribute parameter or a combination of multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a GTP-based interface and route distribution method provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is the architecture of the GTP protocol provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of GTP data message reception and routing distribution provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the GTP virtual interface and route distribution architecture provided by the embodiments of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a GTP virtual interface and route distribution architecture provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a GTP data message interface and route distribution of a 3G network provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of 4G network GTP data message interface and route distribution provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the GTP data message interface and route distribution of the 5G network provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a GTP protocol-based interface and route distribution device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • references to "one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “an example embodiment”, etc. indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the specific feature, Structure or characteristics. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in combination with an embodiment, it is understood that the combination of other embodiments to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic belongs to the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art, regardless of whether it is explicitly described.
  • the terms “coupled” and “connected” and their derivatives may be used. It should be understood that these terms should not be considered as synonyms for each other.
  • Coupled is used to indicate that two or more units that may or may not be in direct physical or electrical contact with each other cooperate or interact with each other.
  • Connected is used to indicate the establishment of communication between two or more units coupled to each other.
  • network devices are usually divided into a control plane and a data plane (for example, sometimes referred to as a forwarding plane or a media plane).
  • the control plane typically determines how to route the data (for example, a packet) (for example, the next hop of the data and the outgoing port of the data), and the data The face is responsible for forwarding the data.
  • the control plane typically includes one or more routing protocols that communicate with other network devices to exchange routes and select these routes based on one or more routing metrics (for example, external gateway protocols such as BGP (RFC 4271), Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP) (for example, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) (RFC 2328 and 5340), Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) (RFC 1142), Routing Information Protocol (RIP) (version 1 RFC 1058) , Version 2 RFC 2453 and next-generation RFC 2080), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) (RFC 5036), Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) (RFC 2205, 2210, 2211, 2212, and RSVP-Service Engineering (TE): used Extension of RSVP for LSP tunnels (RFC 3209, General Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) signaling RSVP-TE (RFC 3473, RFC 3936, 4495, and 4558)).
  • BGP BGP
  • IGP Internal Gateway Protocol
  • IGP for example, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) (RFC
  • Routes and adjacencies are stored in one or more routing structures (eg, routing information base (RIB), label information base (LIB), one or more adjacency structures) on the control plane.
  • the control plane programs the data plane with information (eg, adjacency and routing information) based on the routing structure. For example, the control plane programs neighboring nodes and routing information into one or more forwarding structures (for example, forwarding information base (FIB), label forwarding information base (LFIB), and one or more adjacency structures) on the data plane.
  • FIB forwarding information base
  • LFIB label forwarding information base
  • adjacency structures for example, forwarding information base (FIB), label forwarding information base (LFIB), and one or more adjacency structures
  • Each routing protocol downloads routing items to the main road RIB based on certain routing metrics (the metric may be different for different routing protocols).
  • Each routing protocol can store routing items in a local RIB (for example, OSPF local RIB), which includes routing items of the main RIB that have not been downloaded.
  • the RIB module that manages the main RIB selects routes from the routes downloaded by the routing protocol (based on a set of metrics), and downloads these selected routes (sometimes called active route items) to the data plane.
  • the RIB module can also redistribute routes among routing protocols.
  • a network device typically includes a set of one or more line cards, a set of one or more control cards, and optionally a set of one or more service cards (sometimes called resource cards).
  • the cards are coupled together via one or more interconnection mechanisms (for example, a first full grid couples these line cards and a second full grid couples all these cards).
  • the group of line cards constitute the data plane, and the group of control cards provide the control plane, and exchange packets with external network equipment via the line cards.
  • This set of service cards can provide specialized processing (for example, layer 4 to layer 7 services (for example, firewall, Internet Protocol Security (Ipsec) (RFC 4301 and 4309), intrusion detection system (IDS), peer-to-peer (P2P) ), voice-based IP (VoIP) session border controller, mobile wireless gateway (Gateway General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Support Node (GGSN), Evolved Packet System (EPS) Gateway)).
  • layer 4 to layer 7 services for example, firewall, Internet Protocol Security (Ipsec) (RFC 4301 and 4309), intrusion detection system (IDS), peer-to-peer (P2P) ), voice-based IP (VoIP) session border controller, mobile wireless gateway (Gateway General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Support Node (GGSN), Evolved Packet System (EPS) Gateway)).
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • GGSN General Packet Radio Service
  • EPS Evolved Packet System Gateway
  • Nodes are implemented in network equipment.
  • the physical node is implemented directly on the network device, while the virtual node is software.
  • multiple virtual nodes can be implemented on a single network device.
  • the network interface can be physical or virtual, and the interface address is the IP address assigned to the network interface, whether it is a physical network interface or a virtual network interface.
  • a physical network interface is hardware used in network equipment to implement network connections (for example, wirelessly via a wireless network interface controller (WNIC) or via a plug-in in a port cable connected/coupled to the network interface controller (NIC)) .
  • WNIC wireless network interface controller
  • NIC network interface controller
  • network devices have multiple physical network interfaces.
  • a virtual network interface can be associated with a physical network interface, associated with another virtual interface, or exist independently (for example, a loopback interface, a point-to-point protocol interface).
  • the IP address assigned to the network interface of the network device is called the IP address of the network device; at a more fine-grained level, the IP address assigned to the network interface of the node implemented on the network device can be called the IP address of the node.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure establishes a unified virtual interface supporting GTP data message and a route distribution device between the network elements supporting GTP data message to simplify the connection between the network elements supporting GTP data message in the existing wireless network Complexity.
  • For the received GTP data message extract the attribute parameters such as IP, TEID, IMSI, APN, TIMER, ULI, LDC (load capacity), eCHO in the GTP data message, and according to the attribute parameter set
  • One or a combination of multiple parameters uses the HASH GTP algorithm to calculate the next hop route NXTR_ip, and extracts the corresponding next hop route address nxtGTP_IP to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data packets.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide multiple advantages, including that the GTP data message sending end does not need to consider the GTP data message receiving network element, which greatly simplifies the next hop route query for sending GTP data messages, and can effectively reduce GTP data messages.
  • the complexity of the connection between text and network elements increases the flexibility and practicability of routing and forwarding in terms of routing strategies for GTP data packets.
  • network elements supporting GTP data messages use the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure to connect and route GTP data messages, and a unified GTP data message is sent to the outside.
  • the interworking of texts simplifies the interworking of GTP data messages between operators and protects the internal security of the operators.
  • a network element refers to, for example, the smallest unit that can be monitored and managed in network management, which can be, for example, RNC, SGSN, GGSN in 3G network, eNB, MME, SGW, PGW, ePDG in 4G network , And SMF and UPF (VPLMN/HPLMN, home/roaming) in 5G network.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an interface and route distribution method based on the GTP protocol.
  • the GTP protocol-based interface and route distribution method provided in this embodiment can be executed by a computing device.
  • the computing device can be implemented as software, or as a combination of software and hardware.
  • the computing device can be integrated in a server or terminal device. Waiting.
  • the term "interface” used herein may be a physical or virtual interface in the form of a noun, and may also be a verb form for establishing an interface connection.
  • an interface and route distribution method based on the GTP protocol includes:
  • S100 Provides an interface that supports GTP data packets.
  • the GTP protocol (GPRS Tunnel Protocol) is an IP-based communication protocol used to support General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) in GSM and UMTS networks.
  • the GTP protocol adds a data transmission channel constructed by the PS domain on the basis of GSM.
  • the GTP protocol is carried on top of the TCP or UDP protocol.
  • UDP is basically used as the carrier. It is divided into a signaling plane and a transmission plane.
  • the signaling plane defines a variety of messages, which involve many important aspects of GPRS.
  • the transmission plane provides a tunnel for data packet transmission between GSNs.
  • Figure 2 shows the architecture of the GTP protocol.
  • a message is a data block to be sent at one time by a data unit (ie, a station) exchanged and transmitted in the network, and the message contains the complete data information to be sent.
  • a data unit ie, a station
  • GTP data messages are data messages that are exchanged and transmitted based on the GTP protocol.
  • At least one interface is provided, and the interface supports the GTP protocol and can receive and send messages.
  • the interface may be a physical network interface, for example.
  • the interface may also be a virtual network interface.
  • S200 Connect to a GTP node via the interface to receive a GTP data message from the GTP node.
  • node can, for example, refer to a connection point, a redistribution point or a communication endpoint (some terminal devices) in a communication network.
  • the GTP node includes, for example, the IuPS/Gn interface of the RNC, SGSN, and GGSN network elements in the 3G network, and the S1/S11/S5/S1/S11/S5/ of the eNB, MME, SGW, PGW, and ePDG network elements in the 4G network.
  • network elements and nodes are not limited to this, and the network elements and nodes can also be divided in other dimensions.
  • the GTP data message includes a header, which carries common parameters and routing and distribution characteristic parameters, which are collectively referred to herein as attribute parameters.
  • S300 Extract the attribute parameter of the GTP data message to obtain the attribute parameter set of the GTP data message.
  • the GTP data message received from the GTP node contains various parameters.
  • the parameters such as IP, TEID, IMSI, APN, TIMER, ULI, LDC (load capacity), eCHO are extracted.
  • Property parameters such as IP, TEID, IMSI, APN, TIMER, ULI, LDC (load capacity), eCHO are extracted.
  • IP Internet Protocol Address
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol Address
  • TEID is the tunnel endpoint identifier of the transmission tunnel.
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • APN is a network access technology, which determines which access method the client uses to access the network and is used to identify the type of GPRS service.
  • Timer its function is to repeatedly trigger the timer event of the specified window within the specified time interval.
  • ULI refers to user location information.
  • LDC is the capacity of the load.
  • eCHO is a computer command. You can know which paths the current connected node has by sending echo packets, and the path length can be obtained through the round-trip time.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, but may also include other attribute parameters.
  • S400 Determine routing and distribution of the GTP data message based on one attribute parameter or a combination of multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set.
  • the route distribution strategy of the GTP data message received from the GTP node is determined by one or a combination of multiple parameters in the obtained attribute parameter set.
  • next hop route NXTR_ip is calculated according to one or a combination of multiple parameters in the attribute parameter set, and the corresponding next hop route address nxtGTP_IP is extracted, and the GTP data message is sent to the next hop route address
  • the next GTP node corresponding to nxtGTP_IP completes the routing and distribution of GTP data messages.
  • the interface and route distribution method based on the GTP protocol can effectively reduce the complexity of the connection between the GTP data message network elements, and increase the flexibility of routing and forwarding in terms of the routing strategy for the GTP data message And practicality.
  • network elements supporting GTP data messages use the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure to connect and route GTP data messages, and externally send unified GTP data messages. Intercommunication simplifies the interconnection and intercommunication of GTP data messages between operators and protects the internal security of the operators themselves.
  • FIG. 3 it further illustrates the principle of GTP data message receiving and routing distribution in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the GTP data message reception and routing distribution first receive GTP protocol data from the wireless communication network via a unified interface, and then route and distribute the received GTP protocol data according to its parameter attributes.
  • a GTP data message virtual interface and a route distribution device can be added between each GTP data message network element.
  • the GTP data message virtual interface receives GTP data messages from the opposite end network element, that is, the GTP data messages of all opposite end network elements in the wireless communication network can be uniformly sent to the GTP data message virtual interface .
  • the combination of related parameters is extracted, and the IP of the routing node suitable for the GTP data message is selected to perform routing and distribution of the GTP data message.
  • the GTP interface may be, for example, a virtual interface or a physical interface, and the interface receives the GTP data message of each GTP data message network element in the wireless network. It should be noted that in the following description, a virtual interface is taken as an example for description, but a physical interface is also possible.
  • FIG. 4 it shows the GTP virtual interface and route distribution architecture of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the interface of the GTP data message receives the GTP data message from the IuPS/Gn interface of the RNC/SGSN/GGSN network element of the 3G network, and receives the eNB/MME/SGW/PGW/ePDG network element S1 of the 4G network /S11/S5/S8/Sb2 interface GTP data packets, and receive GTP data packets from the N4/N3/N9 interface of the 5G network SMF/UPF (local and roaming).
  • Figure 5 shows the GTP virtual interface and route distribution architecture.
  • the GTP data packet virtual interface in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the IuPS/Gn interface of the 3G wireless network, the S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2 interface of the 4G wireless network, and the N3/N4/N9 interface of the 5G wireless network.
  • This virtual interface uniformly receives GTP data messages from this operator or other operators.
  • this method greatly simplifies the interface complexity of GTP data message reception by setting a unified virtual interface for GTP data messages. Optimized the interface architecture of the network.
  • the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is connected to the GTP data message network element interface of the opposite operator through a unified virtual interface, thereby reducing the complexity of direct GTP data message connection with multiple operators and optimizing the interface architecture of the network , The network is more flattened.
  • the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure effectively shields the structure of the operator's internal network elements, and directly communicates with the operator's internal network elements and other external operators through a unified virtual interface, thereby improving the operator's own network security.
  • the GTP data message is routed and distributed by the following method.
  • NXT R_ip as the next hop route to be routed and distributed for GTP data packets.
  • attribute parameter set of the GTP data message is expressed as:
  • a routing distribution hash algorithm HASH GTP is constructed , which is a routing hash algorithm composed of a combination of one or more attribute parameters of the GTP data message.
  • next hop route can be expressed as:
  • NXT R_ip HASH GTP ⁇ IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,ULI,LDC,Echo,... ⁇
  • HASH GTP selects one or more combinations according to IP, TEID, IMSI, APN, TIMER, ULI, LDC, eCHO attribute parameters, and when there are multiple parameter combinations, calculates the weight of each parameter P (parameter ) , the weight P (parameter) is preset according to the operator's network environment, and can also be adjusted according to the later operating conditions.
  • HASH GTP P (IP) +P (TEID) +P (IMSI) +P (APN) +P (TIMER) +P (ULI) +P (LDC) +...
  • the virtual interface of the GTP data message receives the GTP data message, it extracts the attribute parameters in the GTP data message, and uses the HASH GTP algorithm described above to calculate the next hop route NXTR_ip, and then according to NXTR_ip queries the corresponding next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP.
  • next hop routing addresses nxtGTP_IP there may be one or more next hop routing addresses nxtGTP_IP in the next hop routing NXTR_ip, as shown in Table 1.
  • the GTP data message is sent to the next GTP node corresponding to the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP with the highest priority.
  • the next hop route address nxtGTP_IP of the convergent next hop route NXTR_ip is preset and learned, and the table structure is as described in Table 1.
  • the number of GTP nodes is limited.
  • the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP can be preset in the early stage, and it can be gradually improved through the later learning and convergence.
  • next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP For the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP, in the later learning convergence process, on the one hand, it is extracted according to the header parameters in the GTP data message. And when there are multiple next hop routing addresses nxtGTP_IP, the priority of the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP is updated regularly. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, let the priority be P GTP_P , then the priority P GTP_P is associated with the parameter time T, bandwidth D, IMSI, APN, ULI and other parameters of the GTP node connected to the communication, specifically:
  • P GTP_P ⁇ time T, bandwidth D, ⁇ IMSI, APN, ULI ⁇ ,... ⁇ ,
  • the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop routing NXTR_ip is regularly updated.
  • Example 1 GTP data message interface and routing distribution under 3G network
  • the virtual interface is a virtual IuPS interface, which receives GTP data packets from the radio base station controller RNC/SGSN interface IuPS.
  • the RNC is no longer directly connected to the IuPS interface of the SGSN.
  • the virtual IuPS interface After the virtual IuPS interface receives GTP data packets from all RNCs, it calculates the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop route NXTR_ip according to the attributes of the GTP packets, and sends the GTP data packet to the corresponding download One-hop GTP node (SGSN).
  • a virtual Gn interface is also set up.
  • the virtual Gn interface receives GTP data messages from the two GTP nodes of SGSN/GGSN, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP message, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these attribute parameters, and queries
  • the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (SGSN) of the route distribution completes the distribution of the GTP data message, and sends the GTP data message to the next GTP node (SGSN/GGSN).
  • Example 2 GTP data message interface and routing distribution under 4G network
  • FIG. 7 shows the 4G network GTP data packet interface and routing distribution of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the traditional CS domain voice circuit communication gradually transitions to the PS domain data communication, and the voice CS domain is completely eliminated.
  • the GTP data message is becoming more and more important in wireless communication.
  • the 4G wireless network In the 4G wireless network, GTP data messages from various 4G network elements are received. At the same time, the 4G wireless network has newly added access to non-3GPP protocol network equipment ePDG.
  • the ePGD network element meets the requirements of supporting wifi wireless access, and ePDG adopts The GTP protocol Sb2 interface is connected with the PGW of the 4G wireless network.
  • a virtual S1 interface of the 4G network receives GTP data messages from all eNB base stations/SGWs in the network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop based on these parameters Route NXTR_ip, and query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (eNB base station/SGW) distributed by the routing to complete the distribution of GTP data messages.
  • the virtual S11 interface of the 4G network is also provided.
  • the virtual S11 interface receives GTP data messages from all MMEs/SGWs in the network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these parameters. And query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (SGW/MME) of the routing distribution to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data messages.
  • the virtual S5 interface of the 4G network is also provided.
  • the virtual S5 interface receives GTP data messages from all SGW/PGW in this network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these parameters. And query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (SGW/PGW) of the routing distribution to complete the distribution of the GTP data message.
  • the virtual S5 interface receives GTP data messages from SGWs of other operators, and receives and routes and distributes the GTP data messages.
  • the virtual Sb2 interface of the 4G network is also provided.
  • the virtual Sb2 interface receives GTP data messages from all ePDG/PGW in the network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these parameters. And query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (ePDG/PGW) for routing distribution to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data messages.
  • This example uses virtual interfaces to simplify the complex connections between various network elements in the 4G wireless network architecture.
  • the internal structure presents a simple data interface to external network operators.
  • the new HASH GTP algorithm is introduced to calculate the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the GTP node that is more intelligent and optimal routing distribution, which abandons the traditional DNS in the IP address Analysis of shortcomings in translation.
  • Example 3 GTP data message interface and routing distribution under 5G network
  • FIG. 8 shows the GTP data packet interface and route distribution of the 5G network according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless network is upgraded to a 5G network, on the basis of 4G, the network data capacity is comprehensively improved.
  • the performance of GTP data is greatly improved in terms of network.
  • a virtual N3 interface of the 5G network receives GTP data packets from all RAN/UPFs in the network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data packets, and calculates the next hop route based on these parameters NXTR_ip, and query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (RAN/UPF) for routing distribution to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data messages.
  • the virtual N4 interface of the 5G network is also provided.
  • the virtual N4 interface receives GTP data messages from all SMF/UPFs in the network, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these parameters. And query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (SMF/UPF) for routing distribution to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data messages
  • the virtual N9 interface of the 5G network is also provided.
  • the virtual N9 interface receives GTP data messages from all UPFs of other operators' networks, and then extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data messages, and calculates the next hop route NXTR_ip based on these parameters. And query the next hop routing address nxtGTP_IP of the next hop GTP node (UPF of other operators) for routing distribution to complete the routing and distribution of GTP data messages.
  • the device 900 shown in FIG. 9 can correspondingly execute the content in the foregoing method embodiment, and the device includes:
  • An interface module 901 where the interface supports GTP data packets and is connected to a GTP node to receive GTP data packets from the GTP node;
  • the route distribution module 902 which extracts the attribute parameters of the GTP data message to obtain the attribute parameter set of the GTP data message, and based on one attribute parameter or multiple attribute parameters in the attribute parameter set To determine the routing and distribution of the GTP data message.
  • the process described above with reference to the flowchart may be implemented as a computer software program.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable medium in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electric, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable Programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as a part of a carrier wave, and computer-readable program code is carried therein. This propagated data signal can take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • the computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable signal medium may send, propagate, or transmit the program for use by or in combination with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device .
  • the program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wire, optical cable, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable medium may be included in the above-mentioned electronic device; or it may exist alone without being assembled into the electronic device.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the above-mentioned one or more programs are executed by the electronic device, the electronic device: obtains at least two Internet protocol addresses; and sends to the node evaluation device including the at least two A node evaluation request for an Internet Protocol address, wherein the node evaluation device selects an Internet Protocol address from the at least two Internet Protocol addresses and returns it; receives the Internet Protocol address returned by the node evaluation device; wherein, the obtained The Internet Protocol address indicates the edge node in the content distribution network.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the aforementioned one or more programs are executed by the electronic device, the electronic device: receives a node evaluation request including at least two Internet Protocol addresses; Among the at least two Internet Protocol addresses, select an Internet Protocol address; return the selected Internet Protocol address; wherein, the received Internet Protocol address indicates an edge node in the content distribution network.
  • the computer program code used to perform the operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned programming languages include object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also conventional Procedural programming language-such as "C" language or similar programming language.
  • the program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, executed as an independent software package, partly on the user's computer and partly executed on a remote computer, or entirely executed on the remote computer or server.
  • the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (for example, using an Internet service provider to Internet connection).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or part of code, and the module, program segment, or part of code contains one or more for realizing the specified logical function Executable instructions.
  • the functions marked in the block may also occur in a different order from the order marked in the drawings. For example, two blocks shown in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, or they can sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved.
  • each block in the block diagram and/or flowchart, and the combination of the blocks in the block diagram and/or flowchart can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or operations Or it can be realized by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

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Abstract

本公开实施例中提供了一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置。该方法包括：提供支持GTP数据报文的接口；经由所述接口与GTP节点连接，以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合；以及基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。通过本公开的处理方案，增加了路由转发的灵活性和实用性，并且对于运营商之间的网络间互联，对外由统一的GTP协议数据报文互通，简化了运营商之间的GTP数据报文互联互通，保护了营运商自身内部的安全。

Description

[根据细则26改正17.01.2020]　一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置 技术领域
本公开涉及无线通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置。
背景技术
在当前的无线通信系统中，对于基于GTP协议的网元之间的通讯，通常采用简单的静态路由或者DNS的域名解析方式来进行，这涉及到复杂的接口连接与路由分发，并且仅能支持网络IP第三层的路由分发。当前的各个网元直接采用DNS的方式来进行域名与IP层次的解析，已经无法满足当前运营商在GTP数据报文网元对接口与路由分发的要求。
此外，对于运营商之间的核心网的数据连接，即GTP数据报文网元的连接，各个运营商的GTP数据报文网元之间具有复杂的网状连接与路由分发，这给运营商之间的IPX/GRX连接与分发造成了巨大的扩展困难，带来了昂贵的维护成本。此外，因为连接复杂，也暴露了营运商自己的内部网络结构，带来了很大的网络安全风险。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法和装置，以至少部分解决现有技术中存在的问题。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，所述方法包括：
提供支持GTP数据报文的接口；
经由所述接口与GTP节点连接，以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；
提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合；以及
基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定 所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述提供支持GTP数据报文的接口，包括：
提供支持GTP数据报文的物理接口和/或虚拟接口。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述GTP节点包括：
3G无线网络的IuPS/Gn接口；
4G无线网络的S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2接口；以及
5G无线网络的N3/N4/N9接口。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述GTP数据报文的属性参数包括选自以下组中的一个或者多个：IP、TEID、IMSI、APN、TIMER、ULI、LDC、eCHO。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发，包括：
根据所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合计算下一跳路由；
提取与所述下一跳路由对应的下一跳路由地址；以及
将所述GTP数据报文发送到所述与所述下一跳路由地址对应的下一GTP节点。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述根据所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合计算下一跳路由，包括根据下式计算所述下一跳路由：
NXT R_ip＝HASH GTP{属性参数集合}
其中，NXT R_ip表示所述下一跳路由，并且HASH GTP{属性参数集合}表示根据所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合的组合构成的路由哈希算法。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，
HASH GTP＝P (属性参数1)+P (属性参数2)+P (属性参数i)+...P (属性参数n)
其中，P (属性参数i)表示所述属性参数集合中第i个属性参数的权值，n为所 述属性参数集合中属性参数的个数，并且所述权值根据网络环境被预设且能够根据网络的运行被调整。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，所述将所述GTP数据报文发送到所述与所述下一跳路由地址对应的下一GTP节点，包括：
预设与所述下一跳路由对应的下一跳路由地址；
定期更新所述下一跳路由地址的优先级；以及
根据所述下一跳路由地址的优先级来将所述GTP数据报文发送到对应的GTP节点。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，根据下式计算所述下一跳路由地址的优先级：
P GTP_P＝{时间T,带宽D，{IMSI,APN,ULI}，...}，
其中，P GTP_P是所述下一跳路由地址的优先级，时间T和带宽D分别是所述GTP节点的参数时间和带宽。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供了一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发装置，所述装置包括：
接口模块，所述接口支持GTP数据报文，并且与GTP节点连接以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；
路由分发模块，所述路由分发模块提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合，并基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
本公开实施例中的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法提供支持GTP数据报文的接口；经由所述接口与GTP节点连接，以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合；以及基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。通过本公开的处理方案，增加了路由转发的灵活性和实用性，并且对于运营商之间的网络间互联，对外由统一 的GTP协议数据报文互通，简化了运营商之间的GTP数据报文互联互通，保护了营运商自身内部的安全。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法的流程示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的GTP协议的架构；
图3为本公开实施例提供的GTP数据报文接收与路由分发的原理示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的GTP虚拟接口与路由分发架构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的GTP虚拟接口与路由分发架构；
图6为本公开实施例提供的3G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发框图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的4G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发框图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的5G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发框图；并且
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发装置的框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本公开实施例进行详细描述。
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本公开的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本公开的其他优点与功效。显然，所描述的实 施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。本公开还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本公开的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例实施例”等的引述指示，所描述的实施例可以包括特定特征、结构或特点，但是不是每个实施例都必需地包括该特定特征、结构或特点。而且，此类短语不一定指相同的实施例。再者，当结合实施例描述特定特征、结构或特点时，理解为结合其他实施例来实现此类特征、结构或特点属于本领域技术人员的知识范围，无论是否明确地进行了描述。在下文描述和权利要求中，可能使用到术语“耦合”和“连接”以及它们的派生。应该理解为这些术语不应视为彼此同义的。“耦合”用于指示可能彼此直接物理或电接触或可能彼此未直接物理或电接触的两个或两个以上单元彼此协作或交互。“连接”用于指示彼此耦合的两个或两个以上单元之间通信的建立。
通常而言，网络设备通常被分成控制面和数据面(例如，有时称为转发面或媒体面)。在网络设备是路由器(或正在实现路由选择功能)的情况中，控制面典型地确定要如何路由数据(例如，分组)(例如，数据的下一跳和该数据该外发端口)，并且数据面负责转发该数据。例如，控制面典型地包括与其他网络设备通信以交换路由和基于一个或多个路由选择度量来选择这些路由的一个或多个路由选择协议(例如，如BGP(RFC 4271)的外部网关协议、内部网关协议(IGP)(例如，开放最短路径优先(OSPF)(RFC 2328和5340)、中 间系统至中间系统(IS-IS)(RFC 1142)、路由选择信息协议(RIP)(版本1 RFC 1058、版本2 RFC 2453和下一代RFC 2080))、标签分发协议(LDP)(RFC 5036)、资源保留协议(RSVP)(RFC 2205、2210、2211、2212以及RSVP-业务工程(TE)：用于LSP隧道的RSVP的扩充RFC 3209、通用多协议标签交换(GMPLS)信令RSVP-TE RFC 3473、RFC 3936、4495和4558))。
路由和邻接被存储在控制面上的一个或多个路由选择结构(例如，路由选择信息库(RIB)、标签信息库(LIB)、一个或多个邻接结构)中。控制面基于路由选择结构以信息(例如，邻接和路由信息)对数据面编程。例如，控制面将相邻节点和路由信息编程为数据面上的一个或多个转发结构(例如，转发信息库(FIB)、标记转发信息库(LFIB)和一个或多个邻接结构)。在转发业务时，数据面使用这些转发和邻接结构。
每个路由选择协议基于某些路由度量(度量对于不同路由选择协议可能是不同的)将路由项下载到主路RIB。每个路由选择协议可以将路由项存储在本地RIB(例如，OSPF本地RIB)中，其包括未下载到的主RIB的路由项。管理主RIB的RIB模块从路由选择协议(基于一组度量)下载的路由中选择路由，并将这些选定的路由(有时称为活动路由项)下载到数据面。RIB模块还可以使路由在路由选择协议之间重新分发。
典型地，网络设备包括一组一个或多个线路卡、一组一个或多个控制卡和可选地一组一个或多个服务卡(有时称为资源卡)。这些卡经由一种或多种互连机构耦合在一起(例如，第一完整网格耦合这些线路卡以及第二完整网格耦合所有这些卡)。该组线路卡构成数据面，而该组控制卡提供控制面，并经由线路卡与外部网络设备交换分组。该组服务卡能够提供专门的处理(例如，第4层至第7层服务(例如，防火墙、因特网协议安全性(Ipsec)(RFC 4301 和4309)、入侵检测系统(IDS)、对等(P2P)、基于语音的IP(VoIP)会话边界控制器、移动无线网关(网关通用分组无线电服务(GPRS)支持节点(GGSN)、演进的分组系统(EPS)网关))。通过举例，可以使用服务卡来端接IPsec隧道并执行相应的认证和加密算法。
节点在网络设备中来实现。物理节点直接在网络设备上实现，而虚拟节点是软件。由此，多个虚拟节点可以在单个网络设备上实现。
网络接口可以是物理的或虚拟的，并且接口地址是指定给网络接口的IP地址，无论是物理网络接口还是虚拟网络接口。物理网络接口是网络设备中用于(例如，经由无线网络接口控制器(WNIC)以无线方式或经由连接到/耦合到网络接口控制器(NIC)的端口电缆中的插件)实施网络连接的硬件。典型地，网络设备具有多个物理网络接口。虚拟网络接口可以与物理网络接口关联，与另一个虚拟接口关联或独立存在(例如，环回接口、点到点协议接口)。指定给网络设备的网络接口的IP地址称为该网络设备的IP地址；在更细粒度级别上，指定给网络设备上实现的节点的网络接口的IP地址可以称为该节点的IP地址。
本公开的实施例在支持GTP数据报文的网元之间建立统一的支持GTP数据报文的虚拟接口与路由分发装置，来简化现有无线网络中支持GTP数据报文的网元之间连接的复杂度。对于所接收到的GTP数据报文，提取GTP数据报文中的诸如IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,ULI,LDC(load capacity),eCHO之类的属性参数，并根据属性参数集合中的一种或者多种参数的组合，采用HASH GTP算法来计算出下一跳路由NXTR_ip,提取对应的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，从而完成GTP数据报文的路由分发。
本发明的实施例提供多种优点，包括GTP数据报文发送端无需再考虑GTP 数据报文接收网元，极大简化发送GTP数据报文的下一跳路由查询，能有效地减轻GTP数据报文网元之间连接的复杂度，在对GTP数据报文的路由策略方面，增加了路由转发的灵活性和实用性。
此外，针对运营商之间的IPX/GRX(网络间互联)，支持GTP数据报文的网元采用本公开实施例的方法来进行GTP数据报文的连接与路由，对外由统一的GTP数据报文互通，简化了运营商之间的GTP数据报文互联互通，保护了营运商自身内部的安全。
在本公开实施例中，网元例如是指网络管理中可以监视和管理的最小单位，其例如可以是3G网络中的RNC、SGSN、GGSN,4G网络中的eNB、MME、SGW、PGW、ePDG，以及5G网络中的SMF、UPF(VPLMN/HPLMN，归属地/漫游地)。
本公开实施例提供了一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法。本实施例提供的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法可以由一计算装置来执行，该计算装置可以实现为软件，或者实现为软件和硬件的组合，该计算装置可以集成设置在服务器、终端设备等中。此外，应当理解，这里所使用的术语“接口”可以是名词形式的物理或虚拟的接口，并且也可以是建立接口连接的动词形式。
参见图1，本公开实施例提供的一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，包括：
S100：提供支持GTP数据报文的接口。
GTP协议(GPRS Tunnel Protocol)是基于IP的用于在GSM和UMTS网络中支持通用分组无线服务(GPRS)的通讯协议。GTP协议在GSM的基础上增加了PS域构建的数据传输通道。GTP协议承载在TCP或UDP协议之上，目前在无线网络中，基本都采用UDP为承载，分为信令平面和传输平面，其信令平面定义 多种消息，涉及到GPRS许多重要方面，而传输平面则提供了GSN之间数据包传送的隧道。图2示出了GTP协议的架构。
报文(message)是网络中交换与传输的数据单元(即，站点)一次性要发送的数据块，报文包含了将要发送的完整的数据信息。
GTP数据报文是基于GTP协议进行交换与传输的数据消息。
在本公开实施例中，提供至少一个接口，并且该接口支持GTP协议，能够接收和发送报文。如上所述，接口例如可以是物理网络接口。可替代地，接口也可以是虚拟网络接口。
S200：经由所述接口与GTP节点连接，以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文。
术语“节点”例如可以表示通讯网络中的连接点、再分发点(redistribution point)或通信端点(一些终端设备)。
在本公开实施例中，GTP节点例如包括3G网络中的RNC、SGSN、GGSN网元的IuPS/Gn接口，4G网络中的eNB、MME、SGW、PGW、ePDG网元的S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2接口，以及5G网络中的SMF、UPF(VPLMN/HPLMN，归属地/漫游地)网元的N4/N3/N9接口。
应当理解，网元和节点的含义不限于此，还可以以其他的维度对网元和节点进行划分。
这些支持GTP协议的GTP节点与所提供的支持GTP数据报文的接口通讯连接/藕接，以从这些支持GTP协议的GTP节点接收GTP数据报文。GTP数据报文包括报头，报头携带有普通参数以及路由与分发特性参数，这里统称为属性参数。
S300：提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性 参数集合。
从GTP节点接收到的GTP数据报文中包含有各种参数，在本公开实施例中，提取其中的诸如IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,ULI,LDC(load capacity),eCHO之类的属性参数。
其中，IP(互联网协议地址)是分配给用户上网使用的网际协议的设备的数字标签。常见的IP地址分为IPv4与IPv6两大类。
TEID是传输隧道的隧道端点标识。
IMSI(国际移动用户识别码)是区别移动用户的标志，储存在SIM卡中，可用于区别移动用户的有效信息。
APN是网络接入技术，其决定了客户端通过哪种接入方式来访问网络，用来标识GPRS的业务种类。
Timer(定时器)，其功能是在指定的时间间隔内反复触发指定窗口的定时器事件。
ULI是指用户位置信息。
LDC是负载的容量。
eCHO为计算机命令，可以通过发送echo包知道当前的连接节点有那些路径，并且通过往返时间能得出路径长度。
虽然在本示例性实施例中，以上述特定的属性参数进行了描述，但是本发明不限于此，而是还可以包括其他的属性参数。
S400：基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
在本公开实施例中，通过所获得的属性参数集合中的一种或者多种参数的组合来确定从GTP节点接收的GTP数据报文的路由分发策略。
具体地，根据属性参数集合中的一种或者多种参数的组合计算出下一跳路由NXTR_ip,并提取对应的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，并将GTP数据报文发送到与下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP对应的下一GTP节点以完成GTP数据报文的路由分发。
根据本公开实施例的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法能有效地减轻GTP数据报文网元之间连接的复杂度，在对GTP数据报文的路由策略方面，增加了路由转发的灵活性和实用性。此外，针对运营商之间的IPX/GRX(网络间互联)，支持GTP数据报文网元采用本公开实施例的方法来进行GTP数据报文的连接与路由，对外由统一的GTP数据报文互通，简化了运营商之间的GTP数据报文互联互通，保护了营运商自身内部的安全。
接着，参见图3，其进一步示出了本公开实施例的GTP数据报文接收与路由分发的原理。
根据本公开实施例的GTP数据报文接收与路由分发首先经由统一的接口接收来自无线通信网络中的GTP协议数据，接着将所接收的GTP协议数据根据其参数属性进行路由分发。
具体地，例如在3G/4G/5G多制式网络并存的无线通信系统中，可以在各个GTP数据报文网元之间增加一个GTP数据报文虚拟接口和路由分发装置。GTP数据报文虚拟接口接收来自对端网元的GTP数据报文，也就是说，该无线通信网络中的所有对端网元的GTP数据报文可以被统一发送到该GTP数据报文虚拟接口。之后，根据GTP数据报文本身所带有的属性参数，提取相关的参数的组合，选取适合GTP数据报文的路由节点的IP，进行GTP数据报文的路由分发。
参见图3，其示出了GTP数据报文接收与路由分发逻辑结构。其中，GTP 接口例如可以是虚拟接口也可以是物理接口，并且该接口接收无线网络中各GTP数据报文网元的GTP数据报文。应当注意，在以下的描述中，以虚拟接口为例进行描述，但是物理接口也是可以的。
参见图4，示出了本公开实施例的GTP虚拟接口与路由分发架构。根据本公开实施例的GTP数据报文的接口接收来自3G网络的RNC/SGSN/GGSN网元IuPS/Gn接口的GTP数据报文，接收来自4G的eNB/MME/SGW/PGW/ePDG网元S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2接口的GTP数据报文,并且接收来自5G网络SMF/UPF(本地与漫游地)的N4/N3/N9接口的GTP数据报文。图5示出了GTP虚拟接口与路由分发架构。
另外，本公开实施例的GTP数据报文虚拟接口包括3G无线网络的IuPS/Gn接口，4G无线网络的S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2接口，5G无线网络的N3/N4/N9接口。该虚拟接口统一接收来自本营运商或者其他营运商的GTP数据报文。
如此，在一个营运商内部，在3G/4G/5G多制式网络并存的情况下，该方法通过设置统一的GTP数据报文的虚拟接口，极大简化了GTP数据报文接收的接口复杂度，优化了网络的接口架构。
此外，在多家营运商之间，在3G/4G/5G多制式网络并存的情况下，GTP数据报文的接收与路由分发更加复杂。根据本公开实施例的方法通过统一的虚拟接口与对方营运商的GTP数据报文网元接口连接，从而降低了与多家营运商直接的GTP数据报文连接复杂度，优化了网络的接口架构，网络更加的扁平化。
另外，根据本公开实施例的方法有效的屏蔽了营运商内部网元的架构，以统一的虚拟接口与营运商内部网元、外部其他营运商直接通信，提升了营运商自身的网络安全性。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，通过如下的方法来进行GTP数据 报文的路由分发。
将NXT R_ip定义为GTP数据报文要路由分发的下一跳路由。
此外，GTP数据报文的属性参数集合被表示为：
{IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,LDC,eCHO}
根据GTP数据报文的属性参数，构建路由分发hash算法HASH GTP，该算法是根据GTP数据报文的一个或者多个属性参数的组合构成的路由哈希算法。
在本公开实施例中，下一跳路由可以被表示为：
NXT R_ip＝HASH GTP{IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,ULI,LDC,Echo，…}
其中，HASH GTP根据IP,TEID,IMSI,APN,TIMER,ULI,LDC,eCHO属性参数选取一个或者多个的组合，并且当有多个参数组合的时候，计算每个参数的权值P (参数),权值P (参数)根据营运商网络环境进行预设，也可以根据后期的运行状况进行调整。
HASH GTP＝P (IP)+P (TEID)+P (IMSI)+P (APN)+P (TIMER)+P (ULI)+P (LDC)+...
具体地，当GTP数据报文的虚拟接口收到了GTP数据报文后，提取GTP数据报文中的属性参数，并采用如上所述的HASH GTP算法，计算得出下一跳路由NXTR_ip，再根据NXTR_ip查询对应的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP。
在下一跳路由NXTR_ip中可能存在一个或者多个下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，如表1所示。在本公开实施例中，取得优先级最高的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP后，将该GTP数据报文发到该优先级最高的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP所对应的下一个GTP节点。
根据本公开实施例的一种具体实现方式，预设和学习收敛下一跳路由NXTR_ip的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，其表构成如表1所述。在实际的网络中，GTP节点个数有限，前期可以预设下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，并且可以 通过后期的学习收敛来逐步完善。
对于下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，在后期的学习收敛过程中，一方面根据GTP数据报文中的报头参数来提取。并且当有多个下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP的情况下，定期更新下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP的优先级。在本公开实施例中，令优先级为P GTP_P，则优先级P GTP_P与连接通信的GTP节点的参数时间T，带宽D，IMSI，APN，ULI等参数相关联，具体地：
P GTP_P＝{时间T，带宽D，{IMSI，APN，ULI}，...}，
根据更新的P GTP_P优先级，来定期更新下一跳路由NXTR_ip的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP。
表1下一跳GTP节点路由表
NXT R_ip_00 nxtGTP_IP_ 00 nxtGTP_IP_ 01 --------- nxtGTP_IP_ 0n
NXT R_ip_10 nxtGTP_IP_ 10 nxtGTP_IP_ 11 --------- nxtGTP_IP_ 1n
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
NXT R_ip_m0 nxtGTP_IP_ m0 nxtGTP_IP_ m1 --------- nxtGTP_IP_ mn
如上，已经参考附图描述了根据本公开实施例的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法。接下来，具体描述该方法在3G、4G和5G网络中的应用。
实例1：3G网络下的GTP数据报文接口与路由分发
参见图6，其示出了本公开实施例的3G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发。在本实例中，虚拟接口为虚拟IuPS接口，其接收来自无线基站控制器RNC/SGSN接口IuPS的GTP数据报文。在实际的网络中，RNC不再直接连接SGSN的IuPS接口。在虚拟IuPS接口接收到来自所有RNC的GTP数据报文后，根据GTP报文的属性参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip的下一跳路由地址 nxtGTP_IP，且将该GTP数据报文发送到对应的下一跳GTP节点(SGSN)。
此外，还设置虚拟Gn接口，该虚拟Gn接口接收来自SGSN/GGSN两个GTP节点的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP报文的属性参数，依据这些属性参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(SGSN)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的分发，将该GTP数据报文，送到下一个GTP节点(SGSN/GGSN)。
在整个3G网络中，大量的RNC/SGSN/GGSN采用虚拟IuPS和Gn接口，简化了3G无线网络架构，解除了各个网元之间的复杂连接，在与其他营运商网络GTP节点通信连接时，极大简化了GTP数据报文接口连接，隐蔽了自身网络的内部架构，给外网营运商呈现一个简洁的GTP数据报文接口。同时在路由分发策略上，根据GTP数据报文的属性参数，引入HASH GTP算法，计算出更加智能的优选路由分发GTP节点IP地址，摒弃了传统DNS仅仅依据IP地址来进行路由与分发，弥补了DNS在域名与IP方面解析的单一与不足。
实例2：4G网络下的GTP数据报文接口与路由分发
参见图7，其示出了本公开实施例的4G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发。从3G无线网络演进到4G无线网络，传统的CS域语音电路通信逐步过渡到PS域数据通信，也彻底取消语音CS域，GTP数据报文的在无线通信的地位越来越重要。
在4G无线网络，接收来自4G各个网元的GTP数据报文，同时4G无线网络中，新增加了对非3GPP协议网络设备ePDG的接入，ePGD网元满足支持wifi无线接入，ePDG通过采用GTP协议Sb2接口与4G无线网络的PGW进行连接。
在本实例中，提供4G网络的虚拟S1接口，该虚拟S1接口接收来自本网络所有eNB基站/SGW的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(eNB基站/SGW)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的分发。
此外，还提供4G网络的虚拟S11接口，该虚拟S11接口接收来自本网络所有MME/SGW的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(SGW/MME)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的路由与分发。
另外，还提供4G网络的虚拟S5接口，该虚拟S5接口接收来自本网络所有SGW/PGW的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(SGW/PGW)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的分发。该虚拟S5接口接收来自其他营运商的SGW的GTP数据报文，接收并路由分发该GTP数据报文。
另外，还提供4G网络的虚拟Sb2接口，该虚拟Sb2接口接收来自本网络所有ePDG/PGW的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(ePDG/PGW)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的路由与分发。
本实例采用虚拟接口，简化了4G无线网络架构中各个网元之间的复杂连接，在与其他营运商网络GTP节点通信连接时，极大简化了GTP数据报文接口连接，隐蔽了自身网络的内部架构，给外网营运商呈现一个简洁的数据接口。同时在路由分发策略上，根据GTP数据报文的专有属性参数，引入新的HASH GTP算法，计算出更加智能的优选路由分发GTP节点的下一跳路由地址 nxtGTP_IP，摒弃了传统DNS在IP地址解析翻译方面的不足。
实例3：5G网络下的GTP数据报文接口与路由分发
参见图8，其示出了本公开实施例的5G网络GTP数据报文接口与路由分发。无线网络升级到5G网络的时候，在4G的基础上，全面提升网络数据容量，按照eMBB,URLLC,mMTC特性，在网络方面，对GTP数据的性能有大幅度的提升。
在本实例中，提供5G网络的虚拟N3接口，该虚拟N3接口接收来自本网络所有RAN/UPF的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(RAN/UPF)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的路由与分发。
此外，还提供5G网络的虚拟N4接口，该虚拟N4接口接收来自本网络所有SMF/UPF的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(SMF/UPF)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的路由与分发
另外，还提供5G网络的虚拟N9接口，该虚拟N9接口接收来其他营运商网络所有UPF的GTP数据报文，再提取GTP数据报文的属性参数，依据这些参数，计算下一跳路由NXTR_ip，并查询路由分发的下一跳GTP节点(其他营运商的UPF)的下一跳路由地址nxtGTP_IP，完成GTP数据报文的路由与分发。
采用虚拟接口，简化了5G无线网络架构中，各个网元之间的复杂连接，在与其他营运商网络GTP节点通信连接时，极大简化了GTP数据报文接口连接，隐蔽了自身网络的内部架构，给外网营运商呈现一个简洁的数据接口。同时在路由分发策略上，根据GTP数据报文的专有属性参数，引入新的HASHGTP 算法，计算出更加智能的优选路由分发GTP节点IP地址，摒弃了传统DNS在IP地址解析翻译方面的单一与不足。
图9所示装置900可以对应的执行上述方法实施例中的内容，该装置包括：
接口模块901，所述接口支持GTP数据报文，并且与GTP节点连接以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；
路由分发模块902，所述路由分发模块提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合，并基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
本实施例未详细描述的部分，参照上述方法实施例中记载的内容，在此不再赘述。
根据本公开的实施例，上文参考流程图描述的过程可以被实现为计算机软件程序。例如，本公开的实施例包括一种计算机程序产品，其包括承载在计算机可读介质上的计算机程序，该计算机程序包含用于执行流程图所示的方法的程序代码。
需要说明的是，本公开上述的计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质或者是上述两者的任意组合。计算机可读存储介质例如可以是——但不限于——电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。计算机可读存储介质的更具体的例子可以包括但不限于：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机访问存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。在本公开中，计算机可读存储介质可以是任 何包含或存储程序的有形介质，该程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。而在本公开中，计算机可读信号介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了计算机可读的程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。计算机可读信号介质还可以是计算机可读存储介质以外的任何计算机可读介质，该计算机可读信号介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。计算机可读介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于：电线、光缆、RF(射频)等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。
上述计算机可读介质可以是上述电子设备中所包含的；也可以是单独存在，而未装配入该电子设备中。
上述计算机可读介质承载有一个或者多个程序，当上述一个或者多个程序被该电子设备执行时，使得该电子设备：获取至少两个网际协议地址；向节点评价设备发送包括所述至少两个网际协议地址的节点评价请求，其中，所述节点评价设备从所述至少两个网际协议地址中，选取网际协议地址并返回；接收所述节点评价设备返回的网际协议地址；其中，所获取的网际协议地址指示内容分发网络中的边缘节点。
或者，上述计算机可读介质承载有一个或者多个程序，当上述一个或者多个程序被该电子设备执行时，使得该电子设备：接收包括至少两个网际协议地址的节点评价请求；从所述至少两个网际协议地址中，选取网际协议地址；返回选取出的网际协议地址；其中，接收到的网际协议地址指示内容分发网络中的边缘节点。
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言或其组合来编写用于执行本公开的操作的 计算机程序代码，上述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、Smalltalk、C++，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算机上执行、部分地在用户计算机上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算机上部分在远程计算机上执行、或者完全在远程计算机或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算机的情形中，远程计算机可以通过任意种类的网络——包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)—连接到用户计算机，或者，可以连接到外部计算机(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。
附图中的流程图和框图，图示了按照本公开各种实施例的系统、方法和计算机程序产品的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。在这点上，流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段、或代码的一部分，该模块、程序段、或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意，在有些作为替换的实现中，方框中所标注的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标注的顺序发生。例如，两个接连地表示的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行，它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行，这依所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，可以用执行规定的功能或操作的专用的基于硬件的系统来实现，或者可以用专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供支持GTP数据报文的接口；
    经由所述接口与GTP节点连接，以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；
    提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合；以及
    基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述提供支持GTP数据报文的接口，包括：
    提供支持GTP数据报文的物理接口和/或虚拟接口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述GTP节点包括：
    3G无线网络的IuPS/Gn接口；
    4G无线网络的S1/S11/S5/S8/Sb2接口；以及
    5G无线网络的N3/N4/N9接口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述GTP数据报文的属性参数包括选自以下组中的一个或者多个：IP、TEID、IMSI、APN、TIMER、ULI、LDC、eCHO。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发，包括：
    根据所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合计算下一跳路由；
    提取与所述下一跳路由对应的下一跳路由地址；以及
    将所述GTP数据报文发送到所述与所述下一跳路由地址对应的下一GTP节点。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合计算下一跳路由，包括根据下式计算所述下一跳路由：
    NXT R_ip＝HASH GTP{属性参数集合}
    其中，NXT R_ip表示所述下一跳路由，并且HASH GTP{属性参数集合}表示根据所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合的组合构成的路由哈希算法。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，
    HASH GTP＝P (属性参数1)+P (属性参数2)+P (属性参数i)+...P (属性参数n)
    其中，P (属性参数i)表示所述属性参数集合中第i个属性参数的权值，n为所述属性参数集合中属性参数的个数，并且所述权值根据网络环境被预设且能够根据网络的运行被调整。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，所述将所述GTP数据报文发送到所述与所述下一跳路由地址对应的下一GTP节点，包括：
    预设与所述下一跳路由对应的下一跳路由地址；
    定期更新所述下一跳路由地址的优先级；以及
    根据所述下一跳路由地址的优先级来将所述GTP数据报文发送到对应的 GTP节点。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发方法，其特征在于，根据下式计算所述下一跳路由地址的优先级：
    P GTP_P＝{时间T,带宽D，{IMSI,APN,ULI}，...}，
    其中，P GTP_P是所述下一跳路由地址的优先级，时间T和带宽D分别是所述GTP节点的参数时间和带宽。
  10. 一种基于GTP协议的接口与路由分发装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接口模块，所述接口支持GTP数据报文，并且与GTP节点连接以从所述GTP节点接收GTP数据报文；
    路由分发模块，所述路由分发模块提取所述GTP数据报文的属性参数以获得所述GTP数据报文的属性参数集合，并基于所述属性参数集合中的一个属性参数或者多个属性参数的组合来确定所述GTP数据报文的路由分发。
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