WO2021004384A1 - Réseau de distribution de contenu, procédé, appareil et dispositif de traitement de données et support de stockage - Google Patents

Réseau de distribution de contenu, procédé, appareil et dispositif de traitement de données et support de stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021004384A1
WO2021004384A1 PCT/CN2020/100052 CN2020100052W WO2021004384A1 WO 2021004384 A1 WO2021004384 A1 WO 2021004384A1 CN 2020100052 W CN2020100052 W CN 2020100052W WO 2021004384 A1 WO2021004384 A1 WO 2021004384A1
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Prior art keywords
service node
node
data
streaming
target data
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PCT/CN2020/100052
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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杨超
李松林
王宗阳
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
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Publication of WO2021004384A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021004384A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
    • H04N21/2393—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of Internet technology, and in particular to a content distribution network, data processing method, device, equipment, and storage medium.
  • the Content Delivery Network consists of a data center and a cache server.
  • Cache servers are distributed in areas or networks where user access is relatively concentrated.
  • the data center can use global load technology to direct user access to the cache server closest to the user, greatly reducing user access latency .
  • the existing CDN architecture is usually implemented as a tree structure.
  • the tree structure CDN contains multiple node server levels, and each node server level can contain multiple node servers.
  • each node server level can contain multiple node servers.
  • the resulting link loss is relatively large. Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed.
  • Various aspects of the present application provide a content distribution network, data processing method, device, equipment, and storage medium to effectively reduce link loss and optimize CDN link quality.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a content distribution network, including: a central node and at least one service node; wherein, the first service node in the at least one service node is used to: When requesting access, request the central node to obtain the address of the node storing the target data; the central node is specifically configured to: request the address of the node storing the target data at the first service node When determining the second service node in the content distribution network that meets the preset rules and stores the target data, and provides the address of the second service node to the first service node, so that the first service node A service node obtains the target data from the second service node.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a data processing method, which is suitable for the first service node in the content distribution network, and includes: responding to an access request for target data, querying whether the target data is stored locally; if not, from the center The node obtains the address of the second service node storing the target data; the second service node is selected according to a preset rule; accesses the second service node according to the address of the second service node to obtain the The target data.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a data processing method, which is applicable to a central node in a content distribution network, including: responding to a request sent by a first service node to obtain a service node storing target data, and selecting the content according to a preset rule A second service node storing the target data in the distribution network; providing the address of the second service node to the first service node so that the first service node can obtain it from the second service node The target data.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a content distribution network, including: a live broadcast center and at least one live broadcast node; wherein the first live broadcast node in the at least one live broadcast node is configured to: When requesting data streaming, request to the live broadcast center to obtain the address of the live broadcast node storing the live streaming data; the live broadcast center is specifically configured to: request to obtain the live broadcast stored at the first live broadcast node When the address of the live streaming node of the streaming data is determined, the second service node in the content distribution network that meets the preset rules and stores the live streaming data is determined, and the address of the second live streaming node is provided to the first A live streaming node, so that the first live streaming node obtains the live streaming data from the second live streaming node.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a data processing device, including: a query module, used to respond to an access request for target data, and query whether the target data is stored locally; a request module, used to check whether the output of the query module is no When, obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data from the central node; the second service node is selected according to a preset rule; the data obtaining module is used to access according to the address of the second service node The second service node to obtain the target data.
  • An embodiment of the application also provides a data processing device, including: a selection module, configured to respond to a request sent by a first service node to obtain a service node storing target data, and select a data processing device stored in the content distribution network according to preset rules.
  • the second service node of the target data a sending module, configured to provide the address of the second service node to the first service node, so that the first service node obtains it from the second service node The target data.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a communication component; the memory is used to store one or more computer instructions; the processor is used to execute the one or more computer instructions for use ⁇ : Execute the steps in the data processing method provided in the embodiment of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program.
  • the processor can enable the processor to implement the steps in the data processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first service node when the first service node receives an access request for target data that is not stored locally, it requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data to obtain the The service node obtains the target data; wherein, the second service node complies with the set rule.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the transmission data of the content distribution network.
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a content distribution network provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a content distribution network provided by another exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first service node provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a central node provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a content distribution network provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application.
  • the content distribution network (CDN) 100 includes a central node 10 and at least one service node 20.
  • the at least one service node 20 may be illustrated as the service nodes 201a, 201b, 201c, 201d, 201e, 201f, 201g, 202a, 202b, 202c, etc. in FIG. 1a.
  • the content distribution network 100 is implemented as a tree structure.
  • the tree structure of CDN mainly includes three levels: the central level, the middle level, and the edge level.
  • the central node 10 in the central level is the root node in the tree structure
  • the service nodes in the middle level are the child nodes of the service node in the central level.
  • the service nodes in the edge level are child nodes of the service node in the middle level.
  • the number of service nodes 20 and the number of divided levels depend on actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.
  • the central node 10 in the central hierarchy is used to implement functions such as load balancing, data content distribution, and access scheduling.
  • the service node of the middle level is used to connect the service node of the edge level and the central node of the central level to relieve the data access pressure of the central node in the central level.
  • the service node in the edge level is used to synchronize the content of the source site, and directly respond to user requests, and quickly distribute the content to users.
  • the service nodes 20 can be distributed to areas or networks where users visit relatively concentrated, so that users can access the data they need nearby, reduce the amount of visits to the central node 10, and solve the congestion of the network , And help provide the response speed of network services.
  • the technical solution provided in this embodiment is described below by taking the first service node in the content distribution network 100 as an example.
  • the first service node is any one of at least one service node 20, and may be a service node in an edge level or a service node in an intermediate level.
  • the first service node is used to: respond to an access request for target data, query whether the target data is stored locally; if the query result is no, request the central node 10 to obtain the target data The address of the service node.
  • the access request for target data may be that the user passes through the user terminal device (for example, FIG. 1a).
  • the second device shown) directly initiated to the first service node.
  • the access request for the target data can be a service node (for example, node 201a and node 201a) at the next level of the first service node.
  • 201b) Initiated to the first service node.
  • the central node 10 After the central node 10 receives the request from the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, it can determine the service node in the content distribution network 100 that meets the preset rules and stores the target data as the second service node. Then, the address of the second service node is provided to the first service node. After receiving the address of the second service node, the first service node can access the second service node according to the address to obtain the target data therefrom.
  • preset rules can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the second service node complies with the preset rule, which can be implemented as: the visit volume of the second service node is less than the set visit quantity threshold; in other embodiments, the second service node complies with the preset rule, It can be implemented as: the second service node adapts to the region classification to which the first service node belongs; in other embodiments, the second service node complies with preset rules, which can be implemented as: the downlink available bandwidth of the second service node is greater than the set Set the bandwidth threshold.
  • preset rules can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the second service node complies with the preset rule, which can be implemented as: the visit volume of the second service node is less than the set visit quantity threshold; in other embodiments, the second service node complies with the preset rule, It can be implemented as: the second service node adapts to the region classification to which the first service node belongs; in other embodiments, the second service node complies with prese
  • the central node 10 and the service node 20 may be implemented as conventional servers, cloud servers, cloud hosts, virtual centers, and other servers, which are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the structure of the server device mainly includes a processor, a hard disk, a memory, a system bus, etc., and is similar to a general computer architecture, and will not be repeated.
  • the central node 10 and the service node 20 may establish a communication connection, and the specific communication connection mode may be determined according to actual application scenarios.
  • the central node 10 and the at least one serving node 20 may communicate in a wired communication manner and a wireless communication manner.
  • wireless communication methods include short-range communication methods such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, infrared, WiFi (WIreless-Fidelity, wireless fidelity technology), long-distance wireless communication methods such as LORA, and wireless communication methods based on mobile networks.
  • the network standard of the mobile network can be 2G (GSM), 2.5G (GPRS), 3G (WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, CDMA2000, UTMS), 4G (LTE), 4G+ (LTE+) Any one of, 5G, WiMax, etc.
  • the first service node when the first service node receives an access request for target data not stored locally, it requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, so as to obtain the target data from the second service node; Among them, the second service node complies with the set rule.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the transmission data of the content distribution network. The link loss caused by the time.
  • the first service node after the first service node receives the address of the second service node returned by the central node, if the first service node does not obtain it from the second service node When the target data is reached, the first service node can initiate a request for obtaining the target data to the service node above it, and obtain the target data by querying upwards layer by layer, which will not be repeated.
  • the preset rules are different according to different application scenarios, and some specific rules will be exemplified below.
  • the second service node complies with a preset rule
  • the preset rule may be implemented as: the second service node adapts to the region classification to which the first service node belongs.
  • service nodes are deployed according to regions to meet the needs of users in different regions to access the network quickly and stably.
  • multiple regional-level central nodes can be deployed in a country, and multiple central nodes correspond to different regions of the country (such as the central region, southern region, northern region, eastern region, western region, etc.); the next level of regional level can be Deploy province-level service nodes.
  • the next level in the central region can include: service nodes corresponding to province A, service nodes corresponding to province B, and service nodes corresponding to province C; the next level of province level can deploy city-level services Service nodes, for example, the next level of service nodes corresponding to province A may include service nodes corresponding to city A1, service nodes corresponding to city A2, service nodes corresponding to city A3, and so on.
  • the service node in the city level can be regarded as being at the edge node level.
  • the deployment locations of service nodes in different regions in the content distribution network 100 are far apart, and the data transmission link is longer, which in turn leads to greater data transmission when the service nodes in different regions are far apart.
  • Link loss can be evaluated by the loss of data packets during data transmission.
  • the central node 10 selects the second service node
  • the corresponding geographical distribution of the first service node and the second service node in the content distribution network 100 can be taken into consideration, and the nearest one is selected as the first service node.
  • the address of the service node that is closer to the service node and stores the target data is used as the return source address of the first service node.
  • This implementation mode is beneficial to shorten the data transmission link and optimize the link quality. In addition, it can also reduce to a certain extent the dependence of the operation of the first service node to obtain the target data on the service node of the upper or lower level connected to it.
  • the regional classification adaptation to which the first service node and the second service node belong may include: the first service node and the second service node belong to the same national level, belong to the same regional level, and belong to the same province The level and/or the same city level, etc., are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the region classification adaptation to which the first service node and the second service node belong may include: the distance between the first service node and the second service node (this distance includes geographic distance, or chain Path distance) is less than the set distance threshold; or, the distance between the first service node and the second service node is less than the distance between the first service node and the service node of the upper level to which it belongs, this embodiment includes but does not Limited to this.
  • the central node 10 when the central node 10 selects the second service node storing the target data in the content distribution network 100 according to preset rules, it can determine at least one candidate node in the content distribution network 100 that is adapted to the geographic classification of the first service node Then, from the at least one candidate node, the service node storing the target data is determined as the second service node.
  • service nodes 202a, 202b, and 202c are service nodes corresponding to provinces A, B, and C, respectively, and service nodes 201a, 201b are service nodes corresponding to cities A1 and A2 under the jurisdiction of province A.
  • the central node 10 When the central node 10 receives the request sent by the service node 201c to obtain the service node storing the target data, the central node 10 can obtain from the content distribution network 100 the service node 201d that is adapted to the geographic classification of the service node 201c and Service node 201e. Then, the service node storing the target data is selected from the service node 201d and the service node 201e, and returned to the service node 201c. Assuming that target data is stored on the service node 201d, the service node 201c can directly access the service node 201d to obtain the target data. Based on this scheme, data scheduling between different cities in the province is realized with low link loss.
  • the central node 10 when the central node 10 receives a request from the first service node to obtain the address of the service node storing the target data, it can query whether there is an appropriate geographic classification for the first service node.
  • the second service node that is equipped with and stores the target data, if it exists, the address of the second service node is returned to the first service node; if it does not exist, the first service node can be notified to initiate to the service node above it
  • the target data acquisition request is obtained by querying upwards layer by layer, which will not be repeated.
  • the bandwidth cost cost of the central node is higher than the bandwidth cost cost of the middle-level service node, and the bandwidth cost of the middle-level service node is higher than the bandwidth cost of the edge-level service node.
  • the central node 10 may further consider hierarchical factors, from the content In the distribution network 100, a service node that is adapted to the geographic classification of the first service node and is located at the same node level as the first service node is acquired as the at least one candidate node.
  • the first service node can obtain target data from the second service node of the same level, which reduces the dependence on the service node of the upper level, reduces the amount of visits to the service node of the higher level, and helps reduce the first service The bandwidth cost and access pressure of the service node of the upper level of the node.
  • the service node 201c when the service node 201c receives a request to obtain target data sent by a user terminal, if the service node 201c does not store the target data locally, it can request the central node 10 to query storage The service node with the target data. Assume that the central node 10 determines that the service node 201d and the service node 202b are service nodes that are adapted to the geographic classification of the service node 201a and store target data. Further, the central node 10 may determine the service node 201d at the same level as the service node 201c as the second service node. In this embodiment, the target data is obtained from the service node 201d instead of the service node 202b. On the one hand, it can reduce the access pressure of the service node 202b. On the other hand, it is beneficial to reduce the impact of the visit. Bandwidth costs.
  • the content distribution network 100 can be used to distribute a variety of different types of data, for example, non-streaming data such as web page data, image data, audio data, and video data, as well as multimedia streaming data such as video streams and audio streams generated in real time. .
  • non-streaming data such as web page data, image data, audio data, and video data
  • multimedia streaming data such as video streams and audio streams generated in real time.
  • the data described in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented as streaming data generated by live broadcast.
  • the streaming data is collected in real time by the push streaming terminal (the first device and the second device as shown in FIG. 1a), encapsulated using a transmission protocol, and pushed to the network terminal in real time.
  • the push end can push the encapsulated streaming data to the service node in the edge layer, and the service node in the edge layer can cache the streaming data and push the streaming data to the service in the middle layer.
  • the streaming terminal can be implemented as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer, an image collector, an aerial drone, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the central node 10 when the central node 10 receives the streaming operation of the service node for streaming data, it may respond to the streaming operation and obtain the service node associated with the streaming operation of streaming data and the streaming domain name and streaming name of the streaming data; , Corresponding to the ingest domain name and stream name that records the stream data and the service node associated with the ingest operation of the stream data to generate the correspondence between the stream data and the service node associated with the ingest operation.
  • the service node associated with the streaming operation of streaming data may include: a service node that pushes the streaming data to other nodes, and a service node that receives the streaming data pushed by other nodes or the streaming end. That is to say, the service nodes associated with the streaming operation of streaming data may include: all the nodes that the streaming data passes through and arrives during the streaming process, and these nodes include not only the service nodes in the edge level, but also the middle level. Service nodes in the central hierarchy and service nodes in the central hierarchy.
  • a user conducts a live broadcast through a mobile phone, and the first stream data generated by the live broadcast is pushed by the mobile phone to the service node 201b at the edge level closest to the user.
  • the service node 201b caches the first stream data and pushes the first stream data. It flows to the upper-level service node 202a connected to it, and the service node 202a caches the first stream data and pushes the first stream data to the central node 10 connected to it.
  • the service nodes associated with the push streaming operation of the first stream data include: the service node 201b, the service node 202a, and the central node 10.
  • the first service node when the first service node requests the central node 10 to obtain the address of the service node storing the target stream data, it may send the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data to the central node 10. After receiving the play domain name and stream name, the central node 10 can determine the service node associated with the push operation of the target stream data according to the correspondence between the stream data and the service node associated with the push operation.
  • the central node 10 when the central node 10 manages streaming data, it uses the broadcast domain name and the push domain name to distinguish between the streaming data requested to be played and the streaming data pushed; at the same time, the central node The corresponding relationship between the broadcast domain name and the push domain name is stored in 10 places. Based on this correspondence, after the central node 10 receives the broadcast domain name of the target stream data sent by the first service node, it can determine the ingest domain name corresponding to the target stream data according to the correspondence between the broadcast domain name and the ingest domain name.
  • the service node corresponding to the ingest domain name and stream name of the target stream data is determined as the second service node.
  • the central node 10 can determine the playback domain name and the target stream data from the request. Stream name, and determine the streaming domain name corresponding to the broadcast domain name. Then, query which service nodes that are adapted to the geographic classification to which the service node 201a belongs and are located at the same level have ingest records corresponding to the ingest domain name and stream name.
  • the central node 10 can return the address of the service node 201b to the service node 201a, and the service node 201a can directly obtain the target from the service node 201b Stream data. Furthermore, on the one hand, it is beneficial to shorten the transmission link of the target stream data and improve the quality of data transmission, on the other hand, it reduces the bandwidth consumption of the intermediate-level service node 202a and the central node 10.
  • the central node 10 receives a request for acquiring target stream data sent by the service node 202a, and can determine the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data from the request, and determine the push domain name corresponding to the playback domain name.
  • query which service nodes that are adapted to the geographic classification to which the service node 202a belongs and are located at the same level have ingest records corresponding to the ingest domain name and stream name.
  • the central node 10 can return the address of the service node 202c to the service node 202a, and then the service node 202a can directly obtain the target stream data from the service node 202c.
  • it is beneficial to shorten the transmission link of the target stream data and improve the data transmission quality on the other hand, it reduces the bandwidth consumption of the central node 10.
  • the access to the stream data generated by the live broadcast is usually highly concurrent. This high concurrent access requires higher bandwidth.
  • the link quality requirements for data transmission are required Also higher.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments can effectively alleviate the technical problems of high-level service nodes and central nodes that consume large bandwidth and the technical problems of link quality that are not easy to optimize, thereby effectively reducing problems such as live broadcast delay, freezes, and picture loss. .
  • the data accessible to users in the content distribution network can be implemented as non-streaming data such as web page data, image data, audio data, and video data.
  • the central node 10 may record the service node associated with the data upload operation, or record the service node associated with the data download operation.
  • the central node 10 may perform the corresponding relationship between the pre-recorded target data and the service node associated with the upload operation of the target data, or the pre-recorded target data and the The corresponding relationship of the service nodes associated with the download operation of the target data determines the service node that has requested to upload the target data in the historical time period, or the service node that has downloaded the target data, as the service node that stores the target data. Then, the address of the service node storing the target data can be returned, so that the device that initiates the query request can obtain the target data, which will not be repeated.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a content distribution network as shown in FIG. 1b.
  • the content distribution network includes: a live broadcast center 30 and at least one live broadcast node 40.
  • the first live streaming node in at least one live streaming node 40 is used to request the live streaming center 30 to obtain the address of the service node storing the live streaming data when receiving a streaming request for live streaming data not stored locally .
  • the first live broadcast node is any live broadcast node among at least one live broadcast node 40.
  • the live broadcast center 30 is specifically configured to: when the first live broadcast node requests to obtain the address of the live broadcast node storing live streaming data, determine the second live broadcast node in the content distribution network 200 that conforms to preset rules and stores live streaming data, and The address of the second live broadcast node is provided to the first live broadcast node, so that the first live broadcast node obtains live streaming data from the second live broadcast node.
  • the streaming request received by the first live broadcast node may be initiated by the streaming terminal (for example, a mobile phone, a computer, or a smart TV). If the first live broadcast node is at the middle level, the streaming request received by the first live broadcast node may be initiated by the live broadcast node at the next level.
  • the streaming terminal for example, a mobile phone, a computer, or a smart TV.
  • the live streaming data stored in the second live streaming node may be pushed by the streaming end (for example, mobile phone, computer, camera) performing the streaming operation. If the second live broadcast node is located at the middle level, the live streaming data stored in the second live broadcast node may be pushed by the live broadcast node at the next level after performing the streaming operation.
  • the streaming end for example, mobile phone, computer, camera
  • the service node in the edge tier may not upload the cold data to the service node above it To reduce bandwidth consumption.
  • the central node can identify cold data from the data it manages, and does not distribute the cold data to the service nodes in the middle tier and the service nodes in the edge tier.
  • cold data includes unpopular multimedia data, backup data, historical data before a set time, and other data with low access frequency.
  • the node 201b can request the node 202a to obtain the data A without storing the data A locally. After the node 202a downloads (pulls) data A from the node 201a, it returns the data A to the node 201b. In this way, data A is transmitted through two transmission links between three nodes. On the one hand, bandwidth consumption increases, and on the other hand, link loss increases.
  • the node 201b may request the central node 10 to query the service node storing the data A when the data A is not stored locally. After querying, the central node 10 can determine that the node 201a stores the data A and is the same as the geographical classification and level to which the node 201b belongs, and can return the address of the node 201a to the node 201b. Furthermore, the node 201b can directly download (pull stream) the data A from the node 201a. In this way, data A is transmitted through a link between two nodes, which reduces bandwidth consumption and bandwidth costs on the one hand, and reduces link loss on the other.
  • the node 201c can request the central node 10 to query the service node storing the data A in the case where the data A is not stored locally. After querying, the central node 10 can determine that the data A is stored in the node 201a. However, the area classification to which the node 201a and the node 201c belong is different. At this time, the central node 10 can instruct the service node 202b of the upper level of the node 201c to request the data A from the service node 202a of the same level. The node 202a can retrieve the data A from the service node 201a at the next level, and return the data A to the node 202a.
  • node 202a After node 202a receives data A, it can deliver data A to node 201c. Compared with the prior art, this solution saves the steps of node 202a continuing to visit central node 10 and central node 10 accessing node 202a layer by layer to obtain target data, which is beneficial to reduce bandwidth consumption and bandwidth cost, and reduce link loss. And to reduce the access pressure of the central node 10.
  • this embodiment also provides a data processing method, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. When the method is executed on the side of the first service node in the content distribution network, it may include the steps shown in Fig. 2:
  • Step 201 The first service node receives an access request for target data.
  • Step 202 Query whether the target data is stored locally; if yes, return the target data; if not, execute step 203.
  • Step 203 Obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data from the central node; the second service node is selected according to a preset rule.
  • Step 204 Access the second service node according to the address of the second service node to obtain target data.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; in response to an access request for the target data, a way to query whether the target data is stored locally includes: responding to the access request for the target stream data, obtaining the target stream The playback domain name and stream name of the data; check locally whether there is stream data matching the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data.
  • one way of requesting the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data includes: sending the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data to the central node, so that the center The node determines the service node associated with the push operation of the target data stream in the content distribution network as the second service node according to the play domain name and the stream name of the target stream data.
  • the first service node when the first service node receives an access request for target data not stored locally, it requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, so as to obtain the target data from the second service node; Among them, the second service node complies with the preset rule.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the transmission data of the content distribution network. The link loss caused by the time.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application. When the method is executed on the side of a central node in a content distribution network, it may include the steps shown in Fig. 3:
  • Step 301 In response to the request sent by the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, select the second service node storing the target data in the content distribution network according to a preset rule.
  • Step 302 Provide the address of the second service node to the first service node, so that the first service node obtains target data from the second service node.
  • a method for selecting the second service node storing the target data in the content distribution network according to a preset rule includes: determining the content distribution network that is compatible with the geographic classification of the first service node At least one candidate node; from the at least one candidate node, determine the service node storing the target data as the second service node.
  • a method for determining at least one candidate node in the content distribution network that is adapted to the classification of the region to which the first service node belongs includes: obtaining the region to which the first service node belongs from the content distribution network A service node that is classified and adapted and is at the same node level as the first service node is used as at least one candidate node.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; from at least one candidate node, determining a service node that stores the target data as a second service node includes: according to the stream data and push The corresponding relationship between the service nodes associated with the streaming operation, and the service node associated with the streaming operation of the target data stream is determined from at least one candidate node as the second service node.
  • the service node associated with the streaming operation of the target data stream is determined as the second service node.
  • One method includes: obtaining the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data from the request; determining the target streaming domain name corresponding to the target stream data according to the corresponding relationship between the playback domain name and the streaming domain name; determining from at least one candidate node The service node associated with the streaming operation of the streaming data identified by the target streaming domain name and the streaming name serves as the second service node.
  • determining the service node storing the target data, and before serving as the second service node further includes: responding to a streaming operation for streaming data, obtaining a streaming data push The service node associated with the streaming operation and the streaming domain name and stream name of the streaming data; corresponding to the streaming domain name and streaming name that records the streaming data and the service node associated with the streaming operation of the streaming data to generate services associated with the streaming data and the streaming operation Correspondence of nodes.
  • the central node when the central node receives a request from the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, it returns the address of the second service node that belongs to the same node hierarchy as the first service node and stores the target data to The first service node.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which reduces the dependence on the previous node level, which is beneficial to Optimize the link quality and reduce the link loss generated when the content distribution network transmits data.
  • the execution subject of each step of the method provided in the foregoing embodiment may be the same device, or different devices may also be the execution subject of the method.
  • the execution subject of steps 201 to 204 may be device A; for another example, the execution subject of steps 201 and 202 may be device A, and the execution subject of step 203 may be device B; and so on.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a data processing device, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 4, the device includes:
  • the query module 401 is used to respond to a request for access to target data and query whether the target data is stored locally; the request module 402 is used to obtain the stored target data from a central node when the output of the query module is no The address of the second service node; the second service node is selected according to a preset rule; the data acquisition module 403 is configured to access the second service node according to the address of the second service node to obtain the Target data.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; when the query module 401 queries whether the target data is stored locally in response to an access request for target data, it is specifically used to: respond to an access to the target stream data Request to obtain the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data; query locally whether there is stream data matching the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data.
  • the request module 402 when requesting the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, is specifically configured to send the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data to the center. Node, so that the central node determines the service node associated with the push operation of the target data stream in the content distribution network according to the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data as the second service node.
  • the first service node when it receives an access request for target data not stored locally, it requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, so as to obtain the target data from the second service node; Among them, the second service node complies with the preset rule.
  • the first service node can obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to achieve back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the time when the content distribution network transmits data. The resulting link loss.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing device provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 5, the device includes:
  • the selecting module 501 is configured to respond to a request sent by the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, and select the second service node storing the target data in the content distribution network according to a preset rule; sending module 502 , Used to provide the address of the second service node to the first service node, so that the first service node obtains the target data from the second service node.
  • the selection module 501 selects the second service node storing the target data in the content distribution network according to a preset rule, it is specifically configured to: determine whether the content distribution network corresponds to the first service node. At least one candidate node adapted to the region classification and adaptation of the node; from the at least one candidate node, a service node storing the target data is determined as the second service node.
  • the selection module 501 is specifically configured to: obtain from the content distribution network the geographic classification to which the first service node belongs. A service node that is adapted and is at the same node level as the first service node is used as at least one candidate node.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; when the selection module 501 determines the service node storing the target data from at least one candidate node, as the second service node, it is specifically used to: according to the stream data and push stream The corresponding relationship between the service nodes associated with the operation, and the service node associated with the push flow operation of the target data stream is determined from at least one candidate node as the second service node.
  • the selection module 501 determines the service node associated with the push operation of the target data stream as the second service node from at least one candidate node according to the correspondence between the stream data and the service node associated with the push operation , Specifically used to: obtain the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data from the request; determine the target stream domain name corresponding to the target stream data according to the correspondence between the playback domain name and the stream domain name; determine the target stream domain name corresponding to the target stream data from at least one candidate node
  • the service node associated with the streaming operation of the streaming data identified by the target streaming domain name and the streaming name serves as the second service node.
  • the selection module 501 determines the service node storing the target data from the at least one candidate node, and before serving as the second service node, it is also used to: respond to the streaming operation for streaming data, and obtain information related to streaming data.
  • the central node when the central node receives a request from the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, it returns the address of the second service node that belongs to the same node hierarchy as the first service node and stores the target data to The first service node.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the transmission data of the content distribution network.
  • the link loss caused by the time.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first service node provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and the first service node is suitable for the content distribution network provided by the foregoing embodiment.
  • the first service node includes: a memory 601, a processor 602, and a communication component 603.
  • the memory 601 is used to store computer programs, and may be configured to store other various data to support operations on the first service node. Examples of these data include instructions for any application or method operating on the first service node, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, etc.
  • the processor 602 is coupled with the memory 601, and is configured to execute the computer program in the memory 601 for: responding to an access request for the target data, querying whether the target data is stored locally; if not, then using the communication component 603 from The central node obtains the address of the second service node that stores the target data; the second service node is selected according to a preset rule; accesses the second service node according to the address of the second service node to obtain The target data.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; when the processor 602 inquires whether the target data is stored locally in response to an access request for the target data, it is specifically used for: responding to the access request for the target stream data and obtain the target stream data The playback domain name and stream name of the file; query locally whether there is stream data matching the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data.
  • the processor 602 when the processor 602 requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, it is specifically configured to send the playback domain name and the stream name of the target stream data to the central node, so that the central node
  • the service node associated with the push operation of the target data stream in the content distribution network is determined as the second service node according to the playing domain name and the stream name of the target stream data.
  • the first service node further includes: a power supply component 604 and other components. Only some components are schematically shown in FIG. 6, which does not mean that the first service node only includes the components shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first service node when the first service node receives an access request for target data not stored locally, it requests the central node to obtain the address of the second service node storing the target data, so as to obtain the target data from the second service node; Among them, the second service node complies with the preset rule.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which is beneficial to optimize the link quality and reduce the transmission data of the content distribution network. The link loss caused by the time.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the steps that can be executed by the first service node in the foregoing method embodiment can be implemented.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a central node provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application, and the central node is suitable for the content distribution network provided by the foregoing embodiment.
  • the central node of the first service node includes: a memory 701, a processor 702, and a communication component 703.
  • the memory 701 is used to store computer programs, and can be configured to store various other data to support operations on the central node. Examples of these data include instructions for any application or method operating on the central node, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, etc.
  • the processor 702 is coupled with the memory 701, and is configured to execute the computer program in the memory 701, so as to respond to a request sent by the first service node to obtain a service node storing target data, and select the content distribution according to a preset rule
  • the second service node that stores the target data in the network; provides the address of the second service node to the first service node, so that the first service node obtains all information from the second service node The target data.
  • the processor 702 selects the second service node that stores the target data in the content distribution network according to a preset rule, it is specifically configured to: determine whether the content distribution network is connected to the first service node. At least one candidate node adapted to the region classification and adaptation of the node; from the at least one candidate node, a service node storing the target data is determined as the second service node.
  • the processor 702 determines at least one candidate node that is adapted to the geographic classification of the first service node in the content distribution network, it is specifically configured to: obtain from the content distribution network the geographic classification to which the first service node belongs. A service node that is adapted and is at the same node level as the first service node is used as at least one candidate node.
  • the target data includes: target stream data; when the processor 702 determines a service node storing the target data from at least one candidate node as the second service node, it is specifically configured to: according to the stream data and push streaming The corresponding relationship between the service nodes associated with the operation, and the service node associated with the push flow operation of the target data stream is determined from at least one candidate node as the second service node.
  • the processor 702 determines the service node associated with the push operation of the target data stream as the second service node from at least one candidate node according to the correspondence between the stream data and the service node associated with the push operation , Specifically used to: obtain the playback domain name and stream name of the target stream data from the request; determine the target stream domain name corresponding to the target stream data according to the correspondence between the playback domain name and the stream domain name; determine the target stream domain name corresponding to the target stream data from at least one candidate node
  • the service node associated with the streaming data streaming operation identified by the target streaming domain name and the streaming name serves as the second service node.
  • the processor 702 determines the service node storing the target data from the at least one candidate node, and before serving as the second service node, is further configured to: in response to the streaming operation for streaming data, obtain the streaming data push Operate the associated service node and the push domain name and stream name of the stream data; correspond to the ingest domain name and stream name of the recorded stream data and the service node associated with the stream data push operation to generate the correspondence between the stream data and the service node associated with the push operation relationship.
  • the central node also includes other components such as a power supply component 704. Only some components are schematically shown in FIG. 7, which does not mean that the central node only includes the components shown in FIG. 7.
  • the central node when the central node receives a request from the first service node to obtain the service node storing the target data, it returns the address of the second service node that belongs to the same node hierarchy as the first service node and stores the target data to The first service node.
  • the first service node can directly obtain data from other nodes that store the target data according to the result of the interaction with the central node to realize the back-to-source operation, which reduces the dependence on the previous node level, which is beneficial to Optimize the link quality and reduce the link loss generated when the content distribution network transmits data.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the steps that can be executed by the central node in the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented.
  • the memory in Figure 6 and Figure 7 above can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or their combination, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • magnetic memory magnetic memory
  • flash memory magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • the communication components in Figs. 6 and 7 described above are configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the device where the communication component is located and other devices.
  • the device where the communication component is located can access a wireless network based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or a combination of them.
  • the communication component receives a broadcast signal or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel.
  • the communication component may be based on near field communication (NFC) technology, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies to realise.
  • NFC near field communication
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • IrDA infrared data association
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • Bluetooth Bluetooth
  • the power supply components in Figure 6 and Figure 7 above provide power for various components of the equipment where the power supply component is located.
  • the power supply component may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for the device where the power supply component is located.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • the computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
  • processors CPU
  • input/output interfaces network interfaces
  • memory volatile and non-volatile memory
  • the memory may include non-permanent memory in computer readable media, random access memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer readable media.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • flash RAM flash memory
  • Computer-readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be realized by any method or technology.
  • the information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media can be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices. According to the definition in this article, computer-readable media does not include transitory media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

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Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent un réseau de distribution de contenu, un procédé, un appareil et un dispositif de traitement de données, et un support de stockage. Dans un réseau de distribution de contenu, lors de la réception d'une demande d'accès pour des données cibles qui ne sont pas stockées localement, un premier nœud de desserte demande à un nœud central d'acquérir une adresse d'un second nœud de desserte stockant les données cibles, de façon à acquérir les données cibles à partir du second nœud de desserte, le second nœud de desserte se conformant à une règle définie. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le premier nœud de desserte peut acquérir directement des données d'autres nœuds stockant des données cibles selon un résultat d'interaction avec le nœud central, de manière à mettre en œuvre une opération de retour à la source, ce qui facilite l'optimisation de la qualité de liaison et la réduction de la perte de liaison générée pendant la transmission de données du réseau de distribution de contenu.
PCT/CN2020/100052 2019-07-09 2020-07-03 Réseau de distribution de contenu, procédé, appareil et dispositif de traitement de données et support de stockage WO2021004384A1 (fr)

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