WO2021004272A1 - 随机接入的方法和设备 - Google Patents

随机接入的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021004272A1
WO2021004272A1 PCT/CN2020/097792 CN2020097792W WO2021004272A1 WO 2021004272 A1 WO2021004272 A1 WO 2021004272A1 CN 2020097792 W CN2020097792 W CN 2020097792W WO 2021004272 A1 WO2021004272 A1 WO 2021004272A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
random access
frequency band
target frequency
terminal device
congestion
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PCT/CN2020/097792
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴昱民
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2021004272A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021004272A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0284—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control detecting congestion or overload during communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0289—Congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically to methods and devices for random access.
  • a terminal device In a mobile communication system, if a terminal device needs to send uplink data, it needs to achieve uplink timing synchronization through a random access process, that is, obtain uplink timing advance (TA) information from the network. After obtaining uplink synchronization, the terminal device can send uplink data through dynamic scheduling or semi-persistent scheduling.
  • TA uplink timing advance
  • a terminal device initiates a 4-step (4-Step) random access (Random Access Channel, RACH) process to achieve uplink timing synchronization.
  • RACH Random Access Channel
  • current terminal devices can also implement uplink timing synchronization through a 2-step RACH process.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a random access method and device to solve the problem of how a terminal device initiates a random access process.
  • a random access method which is applied to a terminal device, and the method includes:
  • a random access procedure is initiated on the target frequency band or a random access procedure is not initiated on the target frequency band.
  • a random access method which is applied to a network device, and the method includes:
  • the configuration information is used to indicate whether the terminal device performs a congestion state assessment before initiating a random access procedure, so that the terminal device indicates that the terminal device is initiating
  • determine the congestion status of the target frequency band determine the congestion status of the target frequency band, and according to the congestion status, initiate a random access process on the target frequency band or not initiate a random access process on the target frequency band .
  • a terminal device in a third aspect, includes:
  • Processing module used to determine the congestion state of the target frequency band
  • the processing module is further configured to initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band or not initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band according to the congestion state.
  • a network device in a fourth aspect, includes:
  • the transceiver module is used to send configuration information to a terminal device, where the configuration information is used to indicate whether the terminal device evaluates the congestion state before initiating a random access procedure, so that the terminal device can be
  • the congestion state of the target frequency band is determined, and according to the congestion state, the random access procedure is initiated on the target frequency band or is not on the target frequency band Initiate a random access procedure.
  • a terminal device in a fifth aspect, includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, Implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.
  • a network device in a sixth aspect, includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, Implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect when the computer program is executed by a processor.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.
  • the terminal device determines the congestion status of the target frequency band before initiating the random access process, and then, according to the congestion status, initiates the random access process on the target frequency band or does not initiate the random access process on the target frequency band. Because the congestion state of the target frequency band in which the random access process is initiated is considered before the random access process is initiated, it is beneficial for the terminal device to initiate an appropriate random access process or abandon the initiation of the random access process to reduce channel congestion leading to random access. The possibility of entry failure.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a 2-step random access process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution Advanced
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • 5G Fifth Generation
  • NR New Radio
  • terminal equipment may also be referred to as a mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, Mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device can be, for example, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (Wireless Local Loop, WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), and wireless communication.
  • a network device is a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices.
  • the network equipment may be, for example, a base station.
  • the base station may be an evolved base station (eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) and a 5G base station (gNB) in LTE, or a subsequent evolved version of the network terminal equipment. .
  • eNB evolved base station
  • gNB 5G base station
  • Fig. 1 shows a random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method shown in 1 can be executed by a terminal device. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • the method shown in FIG. 1 further includes: receiving configuration information, which is used to indicate whether the terminal device performs congestion state assessment before initiating the random access procedure.
  • determining the congestion status of the target frequency band includes: determining the congestion status of the target frequency band if the configuration information instructs the terminal device to evaluate the congestion status before initiating the random access procedure.
  • the configuration information is carried by 1 bit. If the value of this bit is "0", it instructs the terminal device to evaluate the congestion state before initiating the random access procedure. If the value of this bit is "1", it instructs the terminal device not to evaluate the congestion state before initiating the random access procedure.
  • the way of representing the congestion state is not limited.
  • the congestion state is characterized by the measured value of the congestion parameter.
  • the congestion state is characterized by the measured value of the congestion parameter.
  • the congestion parameter here may include at least one of the following: Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI); Channel Occupancy Ratio (CR); and Channel Busy Ratio (CBR).
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
  • CR Channel Occupancy Ratio
  • CBR Channel Busy Ratio
  • the foregoing initiation of the random access process on the target frequency band according to the measured value of the congestion parameter includes one of the following methods:
  • the random access process is not initiated on the random access resource that can only initiate the 4-step random access process
  • the random access process is not initiated on the random access resource that can only initiate the 2-step random access process.
  • the 2-step random access procedure or the 4-step random access procedure is initiated.
  • FIG. 2 shows the interaction process between the network device and the terminal device in a 2-step random access process.
  • the network device configures the terminal device with 2-step random access configuration information, where the configuration information may include, for example, transmission resource information corresponding to MsgA and MsgB.
  • the terminal device triggers a 2-step random access process, and sends request information (MsgA, including data information and control information) to the network device (for example, through the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Data information, while sending control information through a physical random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH)).
  • MsgA including data information and control information
  • PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the network device sends a confirmation message (MsgB) to the terminal device. If the terminal device fails to receive the MsgB, it will resend the MsgA.
  • the terminal device sends Msg 1 (random access request) to the network device.
  • Msg 1 Random access request
  • the network device sends an Msg 2 (Random Access Response (Random Access Response, RAR)) to the terminal device, and the Msg 2 carries uplink authorization information.
  • the terminal device can perform the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer grouping function according to the uplink authorization information in Msg 2 to generate a MAC protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU), and store the MAC PDU in the Msg 3 In the buffer, the MAC PDU in the Msg 3 is then sent through the Hybrid Automatic Repeat ReQuest (HARQ) process.
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the network device After receiving Msg 3, the network device sends Msg 4 (for example, contention resolution identification) to the terminal device. After receiving the Msg 4, the terminal device judges whether the contention resolution is successful, if it succeeds, the random access process is successful, otherwise the random access process is re-initiated. For the re-initiated random access process, when the terminal device receives the uplink authorization information in Msg 2, the terminal device directly retrieves the previously stored MAC PDU from the Msg 3 buffer and sends it through the HARQ process. After the random access process is completed, the terminal device will clear the HARQ buffer of the Msg 3 transmission of the random access process.
  • Msg 4 for example, contention resolution identification
  • the following will combine specific examples to describe in detail how the terminal device initiates a random access procedure on the target frequency band based on the measured value of the congestion parameter.
  • the terminal device if the measurement value of the congestion parameter is greater than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device initiates a 2-step random access procedure. Therefore, when the channel is congested, a random access procedure that requires less transmission and reception is adopted, which can reduce random access failures caused by channel congestion.
  • the terminal device if the measurement value of the congestion parameter is greater than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device does not only initiate a random access process on the random access resource that initiates the 4-step random access process, that is, the terminal device does not Select random access resources unique to the 4-step random access process.
  • the network device configures PRACH resource 1 (for example, Random Occasion (RO) 1), PRACH resource 2 (for example, RO 2), and PRACH resource for the bandwidth part (Bandwidth Part, BWP) 1 of the terminal device 3 (e.g. RO 3).
  • PRACH resource 1 for example, Random Occasion (RO) 1
  • PRACH resource 2 for example, RO 2
  • RO 1 is only allocated to the 2-step random access process
  • RO 2 is only allocated to the 4-step random access process
  • RO 3 is allocated to the 2-step random access process and the 4-step random access process. use.
  • the terminal device does not select RO2, but can select RO1 or RO3 to initiate a random access process.
  • the terminal device if the measurement value of the congestion parameter is less than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device initiates a 4-step random access procedure.
  • the terminal device if the measurement value of the congestion parameter is less than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device does not initiate the random access process on the random access resource that can only initiate the 2-step random access process, that is, the terminal device does not select Random access resources unique to the 2-step random access process.
  • the network device configures the BWP 1 of the terminal device with PRACH resource 1 (e.g., RO 1), PRACH resource 2 (e.g., RO 2), and PRACH resource 3 (e.g., RO 3).
  • PRACH resource 1 e.g., RO 1
  • PRACH resource 2 e.g., RO 2
  • PRACH resource 3 e.g., RO 3
  • RO 1 is only allocated to the 2-step random access process
  • RO 2 is only allocated to the 4-step random access process
  • RO 3 is allocated to the 2-step random access process and the 4-step random access process. use.
  • the terminal device does not select RO1, but can select RO2 or RO3 to initiate the random access process.
  • the terminal device if the measured value of the congestion parameter is less than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device initiates a 2-step random access procedure or a 4-step random access procedure.
  • the terminal device if the measured value of the congestion parameter is less than or equal to the measurement threshold, the terminal device is allowed to initiate both a 4-step random access process and a 2-step random access process.
  • the terminal device chooses to initiate a 4-step random access process or a 2-step random access process.
  • the above-mentioned non-initiating random access procedure on the target frequency band based on the measured value of the congestion parameter includes:
  • the configuration information of the network device configuration terminal device also includes the measurement threshold value.
  • the measurement threshold here corresponds to the congestion parameter.
  • the measurement threshold value may include at least one of the following: RSSI measurement threshold value, CR measurement threshold value, and CBR measurement threshold value.
  • the random access method shown in FIG. 1 is applied to terminal equipment working in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • the random access method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has been described in detail from the terminal device side with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 above.
  • the random access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below from the network device side with reference to FIG. 3. It should be noted that the interaction between the terminal device and the network device described from the network device side is the same as the description on the slave terminal device side. To avoid repetition, relevant descriptions are appropriately omitted.
  • Fig. 3 is a random access method according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method in FIG. 3 may be executed by a network device. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes:
  • S210 Send configuration information to a terminal device, where the configuration information is used to indicate whether the terminal device performs a congestion state assessment before initiating a random access procedure, so that the terminal device indicates the terminal device in the configuration information
  • the configuration information is used to indicate whether the terminal device performs a congestion state assessment before initiating a random access procedure, so that the terminal device indicates the terminal device in the configuration information
  • determine the congestion state of the target frequency band determine the congestion state of the target frequency band, and according to the congestion state, initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band or not initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band Into the process.
  • the congestion state is characterized by a measurement value of a congestion parameter.
  • the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:
  • the configuration information further includes a measurement threshold value.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal device 40 includes:
  • the processing module 41 is used to determine the congestion state of the target frequency band
  • the processing module 41 is further configured to initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band or not initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band according to the congestion state.
  • the congestion state is characterized by a measurement value of a congestion parameter
  • processing module 41 is specifically configured to:
  • the processing module 41 is specifically configured to initiate a random access procedure on the target frequency band according to one of the following methods:
  • the random access process is not initiated on the random access resource that can only initiate the 4-step random access process
  • the random access process is not initiated on the random access resource that can only initiate the 2-step random access process.
  • the 2-step random access procedure or the 4-step random access procedure is initiated.
  • processing module 41 is specifically configured to:
  • the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:
  • the terminal device further includes a transceiver module 42: configured to receive configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate whether the terminal device is initiating random access Conduct congestion status assessment before the process;
  • processing module 41 is specifically configured to:
  • the congestion state of the target frequency band is determined.
  • the configuration information further includes the measurement threshold value.
  • the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can implement each process implemented by the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and to avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the network device 50 includes:
  • the transceiver module 51 is configured to send configuration information to a terminal device, where the configuration information is used to indicate whether the terminal device performs a congestion state assessment before initiating a random access procedure, so that the terminal device indicates the configuration information
  • the terminal device performs congestion state assessment before initiating the random access procedure, determines the congestion state of the target frequency band, and according to the congestion state, initiates the random access procedure on the target frequency band or is not in the target frequency band A random access procedure is initiated on the computer.
  • the congestion state is characterized by a measurement value of a congestion parameter.
  • the congestion parameter includes at least one of the following:
  • the configuration information further includes the measurement threshold value.
  • the network device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can implement each process implemented by the network device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and in order to avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a terminal device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal device 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes: at least one processor 601, a memory 602, a user interface 603, and at least one network interface 604.
  • the various components in the terminal device 600 are coupled together through the bus system 605.
  • the bus system 605 is used to implement connection and communication between these components.
  • the bus system 605 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus.
  • various buses are marked as the bus system 605 in FIG. 6.
  • the user interface 603 may include a display, a keyboard, a pointing device (for example, a mouse, a trackball), a touch panel or a touch screen, etc.
  • the memory 602 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDRSDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchlink DRAM Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DRRAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the memory 602 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or their subsets, or their extended sets: operating system 6021 and application programs 6022.
  • the operating system 6021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, etc., for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks.
  • the application program 6022 includes various application programs, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser (Browser), etc., which are used to implement various application services.
  • a program for implementing the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure may be included in the application program 6022.
  • the terminal device 600 further includes: a computer program stored in the memory 602 and capable of running on the processor 601, and the computer program is executed by the processor 601 to implement each process of the method described in FIG. And can achieve the same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, I will not repeat them here.
  • the methods disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the processor 601 or implemented by the processor 601.
  • the processor 601 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, the steps of the foregoing method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 601 or instructions in the form of software.
  • the aforementioned processor 601 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module may be located in a mature computer readable storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is located in the memory 602, and the processor 601 reads information in the memory 602, and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor 601, each step of the method embodiment described in FIG. 1 is implemented.
  • the embodiments described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Logic Device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and others for performing the functions described in this disclosure Electronic unit or its combination.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Equipment
  • PLD programmable Logic Device
  • PLD Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the technology described in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented through modules (for example, procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the software codes can be stored in the memory and executed by the processor.
  • the memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the network device 700 includes a processor 701, a transceiver 702, a memory 703, and a bus interface. among them:
  • the network device 700 further includes: a computer program that is stored in the memory 703 and can run on the processor 701, and the computer program is executed by the processor 701 to realize the above shown in FIG. 3
  • a computer program that is stored in the memory 703 and can run on the processor 701
  • the computer program is executed by the processor 701 to realize the above shown in FIG. 3
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. Specifically, one or more processors represented by the processor 701 and various circuits of the memory represented by the memory 703 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., which are all known in the art, and therefore, no further descriptions are provided herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • the transceiver 702 may be a plurality of elements, that is, include a transmitter and a receiver, and provide a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 701 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 703 can store data used by the processor 701 when performing operations.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, each process of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is realized. And can achieve the same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, I will not repeat them here.
  • the computer-readable storage medium such as read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure essentially or the part that contributes to the related technology can be embodied in the form of a software product.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk).
  • a terminal which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.

Abstract

本公开实施例公开了一种随机接入的方法和设备，该方法包括：确定目标频段的拥塞状态；根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。

Description

随机接入的方法和设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2019年7月10日在中国提交的中国专利申请号201910621409.8的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，更具体地涉及随机接入的方法和设备。
背景技术
在移动通信系统中，终端设备如果需要发送上行数据，需要通过随机接入过程实现上行的定时同步，即从网络端获得上行定时提前(Timing Advance，TA)信息。在取得上行同步后，终端设备可以通过动态调度或半静态调度发送上行数据。
通常终端设备发起4个步骤(4-Step)的随机接入(Random Access Channel，RACH)过程实现上行的定时同步。为了使得未来的移动通信系统(例如，5G)能够适应更加多样化的场景和业务需求，目前终端设备也可以通过包括2个步骤(2-Step)的RACH过程实现上行的定时同步。
在上述的情况下，终端设备在进行随机接入的时候，如何发起随机接入过程是需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本公开实施例的目的是提供一种随机接入的方法和设备，以解决终端设备如何发起随机接入过程的问题。
为了解决上述问题，本公开实施例是这样实现的：
第一方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，应用于终端设备，该方法包括：
确定目标频段的拥塞状态；
根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上 发起随机接入过程。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，应用于网络设备，该方法包括：
向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
第三方面，提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备包括：
处理模块，用于确定目标频段的拥塞状态；
所述处理模块，还用于根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
第四方面，提供了一种网络设备，该网络设备包括：
收发模块，用于向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
第五方面，提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
第六方面，提供了一种网络设备，该网络设备包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本公开实施例中，终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前确定目标频段的拥塞状态，之后根据拥塞状态，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。由于，在发起随机接入过程之前考虑了发起随机接入过程的目标频段的拥塞状态，从而有利于终端设备发起合适的随机接入过程或者放弃发起随机接入过程，以降低信道拥塞导致随机接入失败的可能性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本公开的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的随机接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图2是根据本公开一个实施例的2-step随机接入过程的示意性流程图。
图3是根据本公开的另一个实施例的随机接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图4是根据本公开的一个实施例的终端设备的结构示意图。
图5是根据本公开的一个实施例的网络设备的结构示意图。
图6是根据本公开的再一个实施例的终端设备的结构示意图。
图7是根据本公开的再一个实施例的网络设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开实施例的技术方案，可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)/增强长期演进(Long Term Evolution Advanced，LTE-A)系统、LTE频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)系统、5G系统，或者说新空口(New Radio，NR)系统等。
在本公开实施例中，终端设备(User Equipment，UE)，也可称之为移动终端(Mobile Terminal)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动 设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备例如可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、以及5G网络中的终端设备，或者可以是后续演进版本的用户侧设备，本公开不依此为限。
在本公开实施例中，网络设备是一种部署在无线接入网中用于为终端设备提供无线通信功能的装置。网络设备例如可以是基站，基站可以是LTE中的演进型基站(eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)及5G基站(gNB)，或者是后续演进版本的网络端设备，本公开不依此为限。
以下结合附图，详细说明本公开各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1示出了根据本公开一个实施例的随机接入的方法。如1所示的方法可以由终端设备执行。如图1所示，方法包括：
S110，确定目标频段的拥塞状态。
可以理解的是，可以通过协议约定终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估。
或者，可以通过网络配置终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估。在这种情况下，图1所示的方法还包括：接收配置信息，配置信息用于指示终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估。相对应的，在S110中，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，包括：若配置信息指示终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，则确定目标频段的拥塞状态。
例如，配置信息由1个bit承载，如果该bit的取值为“0”，则指示终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估。如果该bit的取值为“1”，则指示终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前不进行拥塞状态的评估。
S120，根据拥塞状态，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中对拥塞状态的表征方式不作限定。
可选地，在一些实施例中，拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征。相对应地，在S120中，根据拥塞参数的测量值，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括：根据拥塞参数的测量值，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
这里的拥塞参数可以包括以下至少一种：接收信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indicator，RSSI)；信道占用率(Channel Occupancy Ratio，CR)；以及，信道繁忙率(Channel Busy Ratio，CBR)。
上述的根据拥塞参数的测量值，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括以下方式之一：
若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则发起2步随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起4步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述4步随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起所述2步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；以及，
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述2步随机接入过程或发起所述4步随机接入过程。
图2示出了2步(2-step)随机接入过程中网络设备和终端设备的交互过程。具体地，在步骤0中，网络设备给终端设备配置2-step随机接入的配置信息，这里配置信息例如可以包括MsgA和MsgB对应的发送资源信息。在步骤1中，终端设备触发2-step随机接入过程，将请求信息(MsgA，包括数据信息和控制信息)发送给网络设备(例如，通过物理上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)发送数据信息，同时通过物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)发送控制信息))。在步骤2中，网络设备发送确认信息(MsgB)给终端设备，如果终端设备接收MsgB失败，则重新发送MsgA。
另外，在4步(4-step)随机接入过程中，终端设备将Msg 1(随机接入请求)发送给网络设备。网络设备接收到Msg 1后给终端设备发送Msg 2(随机接入响应(Random Access Response，RAR))，Msg 2中携带了上行授权信息。终端设备可以根据Msg 2中的上行 授权信息执行媒体接入控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)层组包功能以生成MAC协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)，并将该MAC PDU存储在Msg 3缓存中，然后将Msg 3中的MAC PDU通过混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat ReQuest，HARQ)进程进行发送。网络设备在接收到Msg 3后向终端设备发送Msg 4(如，竞争解决标识)。终端设备接收到Msg 4之后判断是否竞争解决成功，如果成功则随机接入过程成功，否则重新发起随机接入过程。对于重新发起的随机接入过程，当终端设备又接收到Msg 2中的上行授权信息后，终端设备直接从Msg 3缓存中取出之前存储的MAC PDU并通过HARQ进程进行发送。终端设备在随机接入过程完成后会清空随机接入过程的Msg 3传输的HARQ缓存。
下面将结合具体例子，详细描述终端设备如何基于拥塞参数的测量值，在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
例子a：
在一些实施例中，如果拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备发起2-step随机接入过程。由此，在信道较为拥塞的情况下采用需要收发次数更少的随机接入过程，能够减少信道拥塞导致的随机接入失败。
例子b：
在一些实施例中，如果拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备不在仅能够给发起4步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程，即终端设备不选择4-step随机接入过程独有的随机接入资源。
例如，网络设备给终端设备的带宽部分(Bandwidth Part，BWP)1配置了PRACH资源1(如，随机接入机会(Random Occasion，RO)1)、PRACH资源2(如，RO 2)以及PRACH资源3(如，RO 3)。其中，RO 1只分配给2-step随机接入过程使用，RO 2只分配给4-step随机接入过程使用，RO 3分配给2-step随机接入过程和4-step随机接入过程共同使用。当BWP 1的RSSI的测量值大于或等于RSSI测量门限值时，终端设备不选择RO 2，但可以选择RO 1或RO 3发起随机接入过程。
例子c：
在一些实施例中，如果拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备发起 4-step随机接入过程。
例子d：
在一些实施例中，如果拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备不在仅能够发起2步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程，即终端设备不选择2-step随机接入过程独有的随机接入资源。
例如，网络设备给终端设备的BWP 1配置了PRACH资源1(如，RO 1)、PRACH资源2(如，RO 2)以及PRACH资源3(如，RO 3)。其中，RO 1只分配给2-step随机接入过程使用，RO 2只分配给4-step随机接入过程使用，RO 3分配给2-step随机接入过程和4-step随机接入过程共同使用。当BWP 1的RSSI的测量值小于或等于RSSI测量门限值时，终端设备不选择RO 1，但可以选择RO 2或RO 3发起随机接入过程。
例子e：
在一些实施例中，如果拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备发起2步随机接入过程或发起4步随机接入过程。
换言之，如果拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于测量门限值，则终端设备既允许发起4-step随机接入过程，也允许发起2-step随机接入过程。
在这个例子中，不对终端设备如何选择是发起4-step随机接入过程还是2-step随机接入过程进行限定。
上述的根据拥塞参数的测量值，不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括：
若所述测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则不在目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
在上述所有实施例的基础上，如果通过网络配置终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估。则在网络设备配置终端设备的配置信息中还包括测量门限值。这里的测量门限值与拥塞参数是对应的。例如，测量门限值可以包括以下至少一种：RSSI测量门限值、CR测量门限值以及CBR测量门限值。
作为一个例子，图1所示的随机接入的方法应用于工作在非授权频段上的终端设备。
以上结合图1和图2从终端设备侧详细描述了根据本公开实施例的随机接入的方法。下面将结合图3从网络设备侧详细描述根据本公开的一个实施例的随机接入的方法。需要说明的是，从网络设备侧描述的终端设备与网络设备的交互与从终端设备侧的描述相同， 为避免重复，适当省略相关描述。
图3是根据本公开的再一个实施例的随机接入的方法。图3的方法可以由网络设备执行。如图3所示出的，方法包括：
S210，向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
接收信号强度指示RSSI；
信道占用率CR；以及，
信道繁忙率CBR。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述配置信息中还包括测量门限值。
以上结合图1至图3详细描述了根据本公开实施例的数据发送的方法和数据接收的方法，下面将结合图4详细描述根据本公开实施例的终端设备。
图4是根据本公开的一个实施例的终端设备的结构示意图。如图4所示出的，终端设备40包括：
处理模块41，用于确定目标频段的拥塞状态；
所述处理模块41，还用于根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征；
其中，所述处理模块41具体用于：
根据所述拥塞参数的测量值，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述处理模块41具体用于根据以下方式之一在目标频段上发起随机接入过程：
若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则发起2步随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起4步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述4步随机接入过程；
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起所述2步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；以及，
若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述2步随机接入过程或发起所述4步随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述处理模块41具体用于：
若所述测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
接收信号强度指示RSSI；
信道占用率CR；以及，
信道繁忙率CBR。
可选地，作为一个实施例，如图4所示出的，所述终端设备还包括收发模块42：用于接收配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估；
其中，所述处理模块41具体用于：
若所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，则确定所述目标频段的拥塞状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述配置信息中还包括所述测量门限值。
本公开实施例提供的终端设备能够实现图1所示的方法实施例中终端设备实现的各个过程，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
图5是根据本公开的一个实施例的网络设备的结构示意图。如图5所示出的，网络设备50包括：
收发模块51，用于向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示 所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
接收信号强度指示RSSI；
信道占用率CR；以及，
信道繁忙率CBR。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述配置信息中还包括所述测量门限值。
本公开实施例提供的网络设备能够实现图3所示的方法实施例中网络设备实现的各个过程，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
图6是本公开再一个实施例的终端设备的框图。图6所示的终端设备600包括：至少一个处理器601、存储器602、用户接口603和至少一个网络接口604。终端设备600中的各个组件通过总线系统605耦合在一起。可理解，总线系统605用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线系统605除包括数据总线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图6中将各种总线都标为总线系统605。
其中，用户接口603可以包括显示器、键盘、点击设备(例如，鼠标，轨迹球(trackball))、触感板或者触摸屏等。
可以理解，本公开实施例中的存储器602可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储 器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本公开实施例描述的系统和方法的存储器602旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
在一些实施方式中，存储器602存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集：操作系统6021和应用程序6022。
其中，操作系统6021，包含各种系统程序，例如框架层、核心库层、驱动层等，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。应用程序6022，包含各种应用程序，例如媒体播放器(Media Player)、浏览器(Browser)等，用于实现各种应用业务。实现本公开实施例方法的程序可以包含在应用程序6022中。
在本公开实施例中，终端设备600还包括：存储在存储器602上并可在处理器601上运行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器601执行时实现上述图1所述的方法的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
上述本公开实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器601中，或者由处理器601实现。处理器601可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器601中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器601可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本公开实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本公开实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的计算机可读存储介质中。该计算机可读存储介质位于存储器602，处理器601读取存储器602中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。具体地，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器601执行时实现如上述图1所述的方法实施例的各步骤。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本公开所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。
对于软件实现，可通过执行本公开实施例所述功能的模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本公开实施例所述的技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。
图7示出了根据本公开再一实施例的网络设备的结构示意图。如图7所示，网络设备700包括处理器701、收发机702、存储器703和总线接口。其中：
在本公开实施例中，网络设备700还包括：存储在存储器703上并可在所述处理器701上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器701执行时实现上述图3所示的方法中的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
在图7中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器701代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器703代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机702可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。
处理器701负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器703可以存储处理器701在执行操作时所使用的数据。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述图1至图3所示的方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。其中，所述的计算机可读存储介质，如只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非 排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对相关技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行了描述，但是本公开并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的启示下，在不脱离本公开宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本公开的保护之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，应用于终端设备，包括：
    确定目标频段的拥塞状态；
    根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征；
    其中，所述根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括：
    根据所述拥塞参数的测量值，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述拥塞参数的测量值，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括以下方式之一：
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则发起2步随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起4步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述4步随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起所述2步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；以及，
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述2步随机接入过程或发起所述4步随机接入过程。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述拥塞参数的测量值，不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程，包括：
    若所述测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
    接收信号强度指示RSSI；
    信道占用率CR；以及，
    信道繁忙率CBR。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    接收配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估；
    其中，所述确定目标频段的拥塞状态，包括：
    若所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，则确定所述目标频段的拥塞状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述配置信息中还包括测量门限值。
  8. 一种随机接入的方法，应用于网络设备，包括：
    向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
    接收信号强度指示RSSI；
    信道占用率CR；以及，
    信道繁忙率CBR。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述配置信息中还包括测量门限值。
  12. 一种终端设备，包括：
    处理模块，用于确定目标频段的拥塞状态；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端设备，其中，所述拥塞状态由拥塞参数的测量值表征；
    其中，所述处理模块具体用于：
    根据所述拥塞参数的测量值，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或在所述目标频段上不发起随机接入过程。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的终端设备，其中，所述处理模块具体用于根据以下方式之一在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程：
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则发起2步随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值大于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起4步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述4步随机接入过程；
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则不在仅能够发起所述2步随机接入过程的随机接入资源上发起随机接入过程；以及，
    若所述拥塞参数的测量值小于或等于所述测量门限值，则发起所述2步随机接入过程或发起所述4步随机接入过程。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的终端设备，其中，所述处理模块具体用于：
    若所述测量值大于或等于测量门限值，则不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的终端设备，其中，所述拥塞参数包括以下至少一种：
    接收信号强度指示RSSI；
    信道占用率CR；以及，
    信道繁忙率CBR。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的终端设备，其中，所述终端设备还包括：
    收发模块，用于接收配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估；
    其中，所述处理模块具体用于：
    若所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，则确定所述目标频段的拥塞状态。
  18. 一种网络设备，包括：
    收发模块，用于向终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息用于指示所述终端设备是否在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态的评估，以使所述终端设备在所述配置信息指示所述终端设备在发起随机接入过程之前进行拥塞状态评估的情况下，确定目标频段的拥塞状态，并根据所述拥塞状态，在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程或不在所述目标频段上发起随机接入过程。
  19. 一种终端设备，包括：存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的随机接入的方法的步骤。
  20. 一种网络设备，包括：存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求8至11中任一项所述的随机接入的方法的步骤。
  21. 一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质上存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的随机接入的方法的步骤；或实现如权利要求8至11中任一项所述的随机接入的方法的步骤。
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