WO2021003941A1 - 电动工具的控制电路 - Google Patents

电动工具的控制电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021003941A1
WO2021003941A1 PCT/CN2019/118698 CN2019118698W WO2021003941A1 WO 2021003941 A1 WO2021003941 A1 WO 2021003941A1 CN 2019118698 W CN2019118698 W CN 2019118698W WO 2021003941 A1 WO2021003941 A1 WO 2021003941A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
detection unit
voltage
pack installation
switch
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PCT/CN2019/118698
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张煜
孙云红
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苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
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Publication of WO2021003941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021003941A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric tools, in particular to a control circuit of an electric tool.
  • a control circuit of an electric tool includes:
  • the voltage output module includes N battery pack installation ports, N of the battery pack installation ports are connected in series, and N is greater than or equal to 2;
  • the battery pack installation port is used to install the battery pack and includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The terminal and the negative terminal are used to electrically connect with the battery pack to obtain electric energy;
  • the disconnection control module includes N first switches, and one of the first switches is connected in parallel with one of the battery pack installation ports;
  • the first switch connected in parallel to the battery pack installation port is turned on, so that the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port are short-circuited.
  • the first switch is a mechanical trigger switch
  • the first switch connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port is in a naturally closed conduction state
  • the first switch connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port is in a disconnected state after being forced and linked.
  • the first switch is an electronic switch
  • the disconnection control module further includes:
  • the first detection unit is used to detect whether a battery pack is installed in each of the battery pack installation ports;
  • a first control unit electrically connected to each of the first switches, and configured to control the on and off of the first switch according to the detection result of the first detection unit;
  • the first control unit controls the first switch connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port to be in an on state
  • the first control unit controls the first switch connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port to be in an off state.
  • the first detection unit is configured to detect the voltage value between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each of the battery pack installation ports, and determine each battery according to the voltage value Whether the battery pack is installed in the bag installation port.
  • the first detection unit detects that the voltage value is higher than the preset voltage value, it is determined that the detection result of the corresponding battery pack installation port is that the battery pack is installed, and the first control unit controls the corresponding The first switch is off;
  • the first detection unit detects that the voltage value is lower than the preset voltage value, it is determined that the detection result of the corresponding battery pack installation port is that the battery pack is not installed, and the first control unit controls the corresponding The first switch is turned on.
  • the battery pack installation port further includes a signal terminal for connecting with the battery pack and receiving a signal representing battery pack parameters transmitted from the battery pack, and the first detection unit uses Detecting whether the signal terminal has signal transmission, and judging whether the battery pack is installed in each of the battery pack installation ports according to the detection result.
  • the first detection unit includes a contact sensor located at the battery pack installation port, the contact sensor is used to detect contact information of the battery pack, and the first detection unit is based on The contact information determines whether a battery pack is installed in each of the battery pack installation ports.
  • the first detection unit includes a non-contact sensor located at the battery pack installation port, and the non-contact sensor is used to detect the sensing information of the battery pack installation port.
  • the first detection unit determines whether a battery pack is installed in each of the battery pack installation ports according to the sensor information.
  • it further includes:
  • the motor is used to drive the electric tool to work
  • the voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the motor and the voltage output module, and is used to convert the total voltage output by the voltage output module into the working voltage of the motor.
  • the voltage conversion module includes:
  • a voltage conversion unit electrically connected to the motor and the voltage output module, for realizing voltage conversion
  • a second detection unit electrically connected to the voltage output module, for detecting the total voltage output by the voltage output module
  • the second control unit is electrically connected to the second detection unit and the voltage conversion unit, and is used to compare the detection result of the second detection unit with the rated voltage value of the motor, and control the voltage conversion according to the comparison result Unit to make the motor run at a voltage not higher than its own rated voltage value.
  • the voltage conversion unit is a DC-DC voltage conversion unit.
  • it further includes:
  • the battery identification module is electrically connected to each of the battery pack installation ports and is used to identify the internal parameters of the battery packs installed in each of the battery pack installation ports.
  • it further includes:
  • the motor is used to drive the electric tool to work
  • a discharge control module which is electrically connected to the voltage output module and the motor, and is used to control the on/off of the circuit between the voltage output module and the motor;
  • the discharge control module includes:
  • a discharge control switch which electrically connects the voltage output module and the motor, and is used to realize the on/off of the circuit between the voltage output module and the motor;
  • a third detection unit electrically connected to the voltage output module, and configured to detect the actual working value output by the voltage output module
  • the third control unit is electrically connected to the battery identification module, the third detection unit, and the discharge control switch, and is used to determine the internal parameters of the battery pack installed in each of the battery pack installation ports identified by the battery identification module Determine the total circuit protection value of the voltage output module, compare the circuit protection value with the actual working value, and control the on and off of the discharge control switch according to the comparison result, so that the motor is abnormal Stop running in the state.
  • the circuit protection value of the electric tool includes a total undervoltage protection value and a total overcurrent protection value.
  • the above-mentioned electric tool control circuit is provided with a first switch corresponding to each battery pack installation port in parallel, so that the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port can be powered or short-circuited according to whether the battery pack is installed in the battery pack installation port , So that the power tool can also work normally when the battery pack is installed in part of the battery pack installation port. Therefore, the present application effectively improves the convenience and efficiency of use of the electric tool.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection of a control circuit of an electric tool in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the control circuit of the electric tool in another embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the control circuit of the electric tool in another embodiment.
  • the electric tool controlled by the control circuit of the electric tool in the embodiment of the present application may be a garden tool or a hand-held tool.
  • garden tools can be lawn mowers, chainsaws, hair dryers, pruning shears, washing machines, snow blowers, etc.
  • hand-held tools can be electric drills, sanders, multi-function machines, circular saws, reciprocating saws, etc. , Impact drill, angle grinder, electric hammer, electric pick, etc.
  • other power tools that can be used in series with battery packs also fall within the scope of this embodiment, and will not be described one by one.
  • the control circuit of the electric tool includes a voltage output module 100 and a circuit breaker control module 200.
  • the voltage output module 100 includes N battery pack installation ports 110, and N is greater than or equal to 2 (in the figure, only three battery pack installation ports are taken as an example for illustration, the actual circuit may include 2 or more battery pack installation ports).
  • the N battery pack installation ports 110 are connected in series. Each battery pack installation port 110 is used to install the battery pack, and the battery pack can provide the electric power required for the work of the electric tool.
  • a battery pack installation port 110 may include a positive terminal (not shown) and a negative terminal (not shown). Both sides of the battery pack installed in the battery pack installation port 110 may be electrically connected to its positive terminal (not shown). (Shown) and negative terminal (not shown) to obtain electrical energy.
  • the disconnection control module 200 includes N first switches 210.
  • One first switch 210 is connected in parallel with one battery pack installation port 110 correspondingly.
  • the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port 110 is turned off, so that the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port 110 There is no short circuit between them. At this time, the battery pack installed in the battery pack installation port 110 is connected to the circuit for power supply.
  • the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port is turned on, so that the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port 110 are short-circuited. At this time, the battery pack installed in the battery pack installation port 110 is removed from the series circuit composed of the plurality of battery pack installation ports 110 and does not supply power.
  • the power tool control circuit of the embodiment of the present application eliminates the need to install battery packs on all the battery pack installation ports 110 when the power tool is in use. That is, the electric tool control circuit of the present application enables the electric tool to work normally when the battery pack is installed in the part of the battery pack installation port 110, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of the electric tool.
  • a battery pack installation port 110 is not installed with a battery pack. It may be that the battery pack installation port 110 is not electrically connected to the battery pack, or The battery pack installation port 110 is electrically connected to a battery pack, but the battery pack does not meet the power supply requirement (for example, the battery pack voltage value is insufficient).
  • the “installed” mentioned here is also a kind of installation in a broad sense.
  • a battery pack installation port 110 is installed with a battery pack, and the battery pack can be electrically connected to the battery pack installation port 110, or The battery pack installation port 110 is electrically connected to the battery pack battery pack, and the battery pack meets the power supply requirement (for example, the voltage value of the battery pack reaches a preset condition, etc.).
  • the first switch 210 may be a mechanical trigger switch.
  • the schematic diagrams of circuit connection in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are the case where the first switch 210 is a mechanical trigger switch.
  • the three battery pack installation ports 110 are sequentially connected in series in the circuit, and the first switches K1, K2, and K3 are respectively connected in parallel with the three battery pack installation ports 110 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port 110 will be in a natural closed state, thereby short-circuiting the battery pack installation port 110.
  • the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port 110 will be interlocked due to force and then be in an off state. At this time, the battery pack installed in the battery pack installation port 110 is connected to the circuit to supply power to the electric tool.
  • the first switch 210 may also be an electronic switch.
  • the schematic diagram of circuit connection in FIG. 3 is a case where the first switch 210 is an electronic switch. Specifically, referring to Fig. 3, three battery pack installation ports 110 are connected in series in sequence, and the first switches K1, K2, and K3 are respectively connected in parallel with the three battery pack installation ports 110 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the disconnection control module 200 also includes a first detection unit 220 and a first control unit 230.
  • the first detection unit 220 is used to detect whether each battery pack installation port 110 has a battery pack installed.
  • the first control unit 230 is electrically connected to each first switch 210, and further controls the on and off of the first switch 210 according to the detection result of the first detection unit 220.
  • the first control unit 230 can control the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port 110 to be in an on state, thereby The battery pack mounting port 110 is short-circuited.
  • the first control unit 230 can control the first switch 210 connected in parallel with the battery pack installation port 110 to be in an off state, thereby Connect the battery pack in the battery pack installation port 110 to the circuit.
  • the electronic switch can be a single-pole double-throw switch.
  • the process of installing the battery pack in the battery pack installation port 110 in parallel with it can be decomposed into the following steps: First, the normal state of the switch is that the contacts of 1, 2 are closed, and that of 1, 3 The contact is disconnected, and there is a short circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port 110, which does not affect the power supply of the battery packs in other battery pack installation ports 110; then, the battery pack is inserted, and the first detection unit 220 detects the The battery pack triggers the first control unit 230 to turn the corresponding switch state to 1, 3 contacts closed, so that the battery pack is connected to the corresponding battery pack installation port 110.
  • the first detection unit 220 is used to detect the voltage value between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each battery pack installation port 110.
  • the voltage value can intuitively reflect the installation situation of the battery pack installation port 110. According to the voltage value, it can be determined whether each battery pack installation port 110 has a battery pack installed.
  • not installed in this manual refers to not installed in a broad sense.
  • installed is also a broad sense of installation.
  • the preset voltage value for example, 75% of the rated voltage
  • the first detection unit 220 detects that the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a battery pack installation port 110 is higher than the preset voltage value . It is determined that the detection result of the corresponding battery pack installation port 110 is that the battery pack is installed. At this time, the first control unit 230 controls the corresponding first switch 110 to be turned off.
  • the first detection unit 220 detects that the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a battery pack installation port 110 is lower than the preset voltage value, it determines that the detection result of the battery pack installation port 110 is that the battery pack is not installed. At this time, the first control unit 230 controls the corresponding first switch 210 to be turned on.
  • the related program of the first detection unit 220 can be It is designed to determine that the detection result of the battery pack installation port 110 is that the battery pack is not installed, and it can also be designed to determine that the detection result of the battery pack installation port 110 is that the battery pack is installed, and then trigger the first control unit 230 to perform related control.
  • this embodiment when the battery pack installation port 110 is not electrically connected to the battery pack or the battery pack installation port 110 is electrically connected to a battery pack with insufficient power, the battery pack is regarded as not installed, and the corresponding battery pack installation port 110 is short-circuited.
  • the circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal Therefore, this embodiment can effectively ensure that the battery packs that supply power to the electric tool are all battery packs with sufficient power, so that the control circuit of the electric tool can provide a continuously stable voltage.
  • the first detection unit 220 determines whether a battery pack is installed in each battery pack installation port 110 according to the voltage value (between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack installation port 110), the related program can also be used.
  • the battery pack installation port 110 is not electrically connected to the battery pack, it is judged that it is not installed, and when the battery pack installation port 110 is electrically connected to the battery pack and there is voltage (regardless of power level), it is judged to be installed.
  • the first detection unit 220 may also detect other parameters, and then determine whether each battery pack installation port 110 has a battery pack installed.
  • the battery pack installation port 110 further includes a signal terminal.
  • the signal terminal is used to connect with the battery pack and receive the signal representing the battery pack parameters transmitted from the battery pack.
  • the first detection unit 210 is used for detecting whether there is signal transmission at the signal terminal, and judging whether each battery pack installation port has a battery pack installed according to the detection result.
  • the signal terminal may be a BS identification terminal.
  • the first detection unit 210 can identify the type of the battery pack through the BS identification terminal, and then determine whether the battery pack is installed in the battery pack installation port.
  • the signal terminal may also be an NTC terminal. The first detection unit 210 can detect the temperature of the battery pack through the NTC terminal, and then determine whether the battery pack is installed in the battery pack installation port.
  • an external sensor can also be used to detect whether a battery pack is installed in the battery pack installation port 110.
  • the first detection unit 220 may include a contact sensor (not shown) located at the battery pack installation port 110.
  • the contact sensor is used to detect the contact information of the battery pack.
  • the first detection unit 220 determines whether a battery pack is installed in each battery pack installation port according to the contact information.
  • the contact sensor may be a pressure sensor. When a battery pack is installed in a battery pack installation port 110, pressure will be generated at the corresponding place. When the pressure sensor detects the pressure, the first detection unit 220 determines that the battery pack installation port 110 is installed with a battery pack. When the pressure sensor does not detect the pressure, the first detection unit 220 determines that the battery pack installation port 110 is not installed with a battery pack.
  • the first detection unit 220 may include a non-contact sensor (not shown) located at the battery pack installation port 110.
  • the contact sensor is used to detect the contact information of the battery pack.
  • the first detection unit 220 determines whether a battery pack is installed in each battery pack installation port according to the contact information.
  • the contact sensor may be a photoelectric sensor or a magnetic sensor switch.
  • the control circuit of the electric tool further includes a motor 300 and a voltage conversion module 400.
  • the motor 300 is used to drive the electric tool to work.
  • the voltage conversion module 400 is electrically connected to the motor 300 and the voltage output module 100.
  • the voltage conversion module 400 is used to convert the total voltage output by the voltage output module 100 into the working voltage of the motor 300. Therefore, this embodiment can effectively solve the technical problem of the mismatch between the total voltage output by the voltage output module 100 and the working voltage of the motor 300.
  • the voltage conversion module 400 may include a voltage conversion unit 410, a second detection unit 420, and a second control unit 430.
  • the voltage conversion unit 410 has a voltage conversion function, and its two ends are electrically connected to the motor 300 and the voltage output module 100 respectively.
  • the voltage conversion unit 410 may be a DC-DC voltage conversion unit.
  • the second detection unit 420 is electrically connected to the voltage output module 100 to detect the total voltage output by the voltage output module 100.
  • the second control unit 430 is electrically connected to the second detection unit 420 and the voltage conversion unit 410, and then compares the detection result of the second detection unit 420 with the rated voltage value of the motor 300, and controls the voltage conversion unit 410 according to the comparison result to make the motor 300 Operate at a voltage not higher than its own rated voltage value.
  • the second control unit 430 controls the voltage conversion unit 410 to convert the output voltage of the voltage output module 100 into the output voltage of the motor 300.
  • Rated voltage when the total voltage of the voltage output module 100 detected by the second detection unit 420 is equal to or lower than the rated voltage of the motor 300, the second control unit 420 controls the voltage conversion unit 410 to directly convert the output voltage of the voltage output module 100 As the working voltage of the motor.
  • the voltage conversion module 400 can convert the total voltage of the battery packs connected to the voltage output module 100 to 60V into the motor 300 The rated voltage value is 20V.
  • the voltage conversion module 400 can convert the total voltage of the battery pack from 40V to 20V again; when another battery pack is removed, only one 20V battery is connected to the circuit For the battery pack, the voltage conversion module 400 does not need to perform voltage conversion at this time, and the voltage of the voltage output module 100 is directly output to drive the motor 300 to work.
  • control circuit of the electric tool may further include a low-voltage power supply module 500.
  • the input end of the low-voltage power supply module 500 is electrically connected to the voltage output module 100, and the output end is connected to the first control unit 230, so that the voltage of the voltage output module 100 can be converted into the working voltage of the first control unit 230 (such as 5V or 3.3V). Voltage) to supply power to the first control unit 230.
  • the control circuit of the electric tool further includes a battery identification module 600.
  • the battery identification module 600 is electrically connected to each battery pack installation port 110, and is used to identify the type and internal parameters of the battery pack installed on each battery pack installation port 110.
  • the type of the battery pack refers to the model of the battery pack.
  • the model of the battery pack may specifically involve parameters such as the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the battery pack.
  • the internal parameters of the battery pack refer to the parameters related to the performance of the battery pack, such as circuit protection values such as undervoltage protection value, overcurrent protection value and short circuit protection value.
  • the electric tool further includes a motor 300 and a discharge control module 700.
  • the discharge control module 700 includes a discharge control switch 710, a third detection unit 720, and a three control unit 730.
  • the discharge control switch 710 is electrically connected to the voltage output module 100 and the motor 300, which can realize the on-off of the circuit between the voltage output module 100 and the motor 300.
  • the third detection unit 720 is electrically connected to the voltage output module 100 for detecting the actual operating value (current, voltage, etc.) output by the voltage output module 100.
  • the third control unit 730 is electrically connected to the battery identification module 600, the third detection unit 720, and the discharge control switch 710, and according to the internal parameters of the battery pack installed in each battery pack installation port 110 identified by the battery identification module 600 (such as undervoltage protection) Value, overcurrent protection value, etc.) determine the total circuit protection value (such as total undervoltage protection value, total overcurrent protection value, etc.) of the voltage output module 100.
  • the third control unit 730 compares the total circuit protection value with the actual operating value detected by the third detection unit 720, and controls the on-off of the discharge control switch 710 according to the comparison result to stop the motor in an abnormal state.
  • the third control unit 730 may control the discharge control switch 710 of the electric tool to be turned off, so that the voltage output module 100 is connected to the motor The circuit between 300 is disconnected, so that the motor stops running, thereby playing the purpose of protecting the circuit.
  • the third control unit 730 may also control the discharge control switch 710 of the electric tool to turn off, so that the voltage output module 100 and the motor 300 The circuit between the two is disconnected, which in turn causes the motor to stop running, thereby protecting the circuit.
  • the control circuit of the electric tool includes the disconnection control module 200 (including the first detection unit 220 and the first control unit 230), the voltage conversion module 400 (including the second detection unit 420 and the second control unit 430). ) And the discharge control module 700 (third detection unit 720, third control unit 730), the detection units of the three can be integrated, and the control units of the three can also be integrated; or any two of the three The relevant units of the person are integrated together. Or when the control circuit of the electric tool has any two of the three at the same time, the related units of any two can also be integrated together.
  • the control circuit of the electric tool includes the first detection unit 220, the second detection unit 420, and the third detection unit 720 at the same time, and the first detection unit 220 is used to detect the difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each battery pack installation port 110
  • the first detection unit 220, the second detection unit 420, and the third detection unit 720 can be shared.
  • the detection results of the second detection unit 420 and the third detection unit 720 are the sum of the voltages between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of each battery pack installation port 110 detected by the first detection unit 220.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动工具的控制电路,包括:电压输出模块(100),包括N个电池包安装口(110),N个电池包安装口(110)串联连接,N大于等于2;电池包安装口(110)用于安装电池包并包括正极端子和负极端子,正极端子以及负极端子用于与电池包电连接获得电能;断路控制模块(200),包括N个第一开关(210),一个第一开关(210)与一个电池包安装口(110)对应并联连接。使得电动工具在部分电池包安装口安装电池包时也可正常工作,有效提高了电动工具使用方便性和使用效率。

Description

电动工具的控制电路
本申请要求了申请日为2019年07月08日,申请号为201910610936.9的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电动工具领域,特别是涉及一种电动工具的控制电路。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展,电动工具因其省时省力的特点受到了越来越广泛的应用,但是伴随着电动工具性能的提升,其耗电量也在逐步增加。以一些手持式电动工具和花园工具为例,通常需要在电动工具的内部串联多个电池包来为电动工具提供电能。
目前市场上的可以通过电池包组合串联使用的电动工具,必须在所有的电池包安装口均安装电池包后才可正常工作,这限制了电动工具的使用,降低了电动工具使用的方便性。
发明内容
基于此,有必要针对上述问题,提供一种提高电动工具使用方便性的电动工具的控制电路。
一种电动工具的控制电路,包括:
电压输出模块,包括N个电池包安装口,N个所述电池包安装口串联连接,N大于等于2;所述电池包安装口用于安装电池包并包括正极端子和负极端子,所述正极端子以及负极端子用于与电池包电连接获得电能;
断路控制模块,包括N个第一开关,一个所述第一开关与一个所述电池包安装口对应并联连接;
当一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,与该所述电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关断开,以使得该电池包安装口的正极端子与负极端子之间不短路;
当一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,该所述电池包安装口并联的第一开关导通,以使得该电池包安装口的正极端子与负极端子之间短路。
在其中一个实施例中,
所述第一开关为机械式触发开关;
当一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于自然闭合的导通状态;
当一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于受力而联动后的断开状态。
在其中一个实施例中,
所述第一开关为电子开关;
所述断路控制模块进一步包括:
第一检测单元,用于检测各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包;
第一控制单元,电连接各所述第一开关,用于根据所述第一检测单元的检测结果控制所述第一开关的通断;
当所述第一检测单元检测到一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,所述第一控制单元控制与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于导通状态;
当所述第一检测单元检测到一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,所述第一控制单元控制与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于断开状态。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一检测单元用于检测各所述电池包安装口的所述正极端子与所述负极端子之间的电压值,并根据所述电压值判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
在其中一个实施例中,
当所述第一检测单元检测到所述电压值高于预设电压值时,则判断相应电池包安装口的所述检测结果为安装有所述电池包,所述第一控制单元控制相应的所述第一开关断开;
当所述第一检测单元检测到所述电压值低于所述预设电压值,则判断相应电池包安装口的所述检测结果为未安装所述电池包,所述第一控制单元控制相应的所述第一开关导通。
在其中一个实施例中,所述电池包安装口进一步包括信号端子,所述信号端子用于与电池包连接并接收电池包向外传送的表示电池包参数的信号,所述第一检测单元用于检测所述信号端子是否有信号传输,并根据检测结果判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一检测单元包括位于所述电池包安装口处的接触式传感器,所述接触式传感器用于检测所述电池包的接触信息,所述第一检测单元根据所述接触信息判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一检测单元包括位于所述电池包安装口处的非接触式传感器,所述非接触式传感器用于检测所述电池包安装口的传感信息,所述第一检测单元根据所述传感信息判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:
电机,用于驱动所述电动工具工作;
电压转换模块,电连接所述电机与所述电压输出模块,用于将所述电压输出模块输出的总电压转换为所述电机的工作电压。
在其中一个实施例中,所述电压转换模块包括:
电压转换单元,电连接所述电机与所述电压输出模块,用于实现电压转换;
第二检测单元,电连接所述电压输出模块,用于检测所述电压输出模块输出的总电压;
第二控制单元,电连接所述第二检测单元与所述电压转换单元,用于比较所述第二检测单元的检测结果与所述电机的额定电压值,并根据比较结果控制所述电压转换单元,以使所述电机在不高于自身额定电压值的电压下运转。
在其中一个实施例中,所述电压转换单元为DC-DC电压转换单元。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:
电池识别模块,所述电池识别模块与各所述电池包安装口电连接,用于识别各所述电池包安装口中安装的电池包的内部参数。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:
电机,用于驱动所述电动工具工作;
放电控制模块,电连接所述电压输出模块与所述电机,用于控制所述电压输出模块与所述电机之间的电路通断;
所述放电控制模块包括:
放电控制开关,电连接所述电压输出模块与所述电机,用于实现所述电压输出模块与所述电机之间的电路通断;
第三检测单元,电连接所述电压输出模块,用于检测所述电压输出模块输出的实际工作值;
第三控制单元,电连接所述电池识别模块、所述第三检测单元以及所述放 电控制开关,用于根据所述电池识别模块识别的各所述电池包安装口中安装的电池包的内部参数确定所述电压输出模块的总电路保护值,比较所述电路保护值与所述实际工作值的大小,并根据所述比较结果控制所述放电控制开关的通断,以使所述电机在异常状态下停止运转。
在其中一个实施例中,所述电动工具的电路保护值包括总欠压保护值和总过流保护值。
上述电动工具控制电路,通过设置与各电池包安装口对应并联的第一开关,使得电池包安装口的正极端子与负极端子之间可以根据该电池包安装口内是否安装电池包来进行供电或者短路,进而使得电动工具在部分电池包安装口安装电池包时也可正常工作。因此,本申请有效提高了电动工具使用方便性和使用效率。
附图说明
图1为一个实施例中电动工具的控制电路的电路连接示意图;
图2为另一个实施例中电动工具的控制电路的电路连接示意图;
图3为又一个实施例中电动工具的控制电路的电路连接示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
本申请实施例中的电动工具的控制电路控制的电动工具可以为花园工具或手持工具。其中,花园工具可以为打草机、割草机、链锯、吹风机、修枝剪、清洗机、扫雪机等,手持工具可以为电钻、砂光机、多功能机、圆锯、往复锯、冲击钻、角磨、电锤、电镐等。除上述列举的电动工具外,其他可以将电池包串联使用的电动工具也属于本实施例涵盖的范围,再此不一一举例说明。
在一个实施例中,参照图1至图3,电动工具的控制电路包括电压输出模块100以及断路控制模块200。
电压输出模块100包括N个电池包安装口110,N大于等于2(图中仅以三个电池包安装口为例进行说明,实际电路可包含2个或3个以上的电池包安装口)。N个电池包安装口110串联连接。各电池包安装口110用于安装电池包,电池包可以为电动工具提供工作所需的电能。具体地,一个电池包安装口110可以包括正极端子(未图示)和负极端子(未图示),安装在该电池包安装口110内的电池包两侧可以分别电连接其正极端子(未图示)和负极端子(未图示),进而获取电能。
断路控制模块200包括N个第一开关210。一个第一开关210与一个电池包安装口110对应并联连接。
在本申请实施例中,当一个电池包安装口110安装有电池包时,与该电池包安装口110并联的第一开关210断开,以使得该电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间不短路。此时,该电池包安装口110内安装的电池包连入电路中进行供电。
当一个电池包安装口110未安装电池包时,与该电池包安装口并联的第一开关210导通,以使得该电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间短路。此时,该电池包安装口110内安装的电池包从多个电池包安装口110的组成的 串联回路中剔除而不供电。
因此,本申请实施例的电动工具控制电路,使得电动工具在使用时不必在所有的电池包安装口110均安装上的电池包。即本申请的电动工具控制电路使得部分电池包安装口110安装电池包时,电动工具也可正常工作,进而提高了电动工具使用方便性和使用效率。
值得注意的是,这里所说的“未安装”是一种广义上的未安装,一个电池包安装口110未安装电池包,可以是该电池包安装口110中没有电连接电池包,也可是该电池包安装口110中电连接有电池包,但是该电池包不满足供电需求(如电池包电压值不足等)。相应地,这里所说的“安装有”也是一种广义上的安装有,一个电池包安装口110安装有电池包,可以是该电池包安装口110中电连接有电池包即可,也可是该电池包安装口110中电连接有电池包电池包,并且该电池包满足供电需求(如电池包电压值达到预设条件等)。
在一个实施例中,第一开关210可以为机械触发开关。图1以及图2中的电路连接示意图即为第一开关210为机械触发开关的情况。具体的,三个电池包安装口110依次串联连入电路中,第一开关K1、K2和K3分别与三个电池包安装口110一一对应并联。当电路中的某一个电池包安装口110未安装电池包时,与该电池包安装口110并联的第一开关210会处于自然闭合状态,从而将该电池包安装口110短路。当电路中的某一个电池包安装口110安装有电池包时,与该电池包安装口110并联的第一开关210会因为受力而联动,进而处于断开状态。此时,该电池包安装口110中安装的电池包连入电路中,而为电动工具供电。
在一个实施例中,第一开关210也可以为电子开关。图3中的电路连接示意图即为第一开关210为电子开关的情况。具体的,参考图3,三个电池包安装 口110依次串联连入电路中,第一开关K1、K2和K3分别与三个电池包安装口110一一对应并联。
同时,断路控制模块200除了第一开关210以外,还包括第一检测单元220以及第一控制单元230。第一检测单元220用于检测各电池包安装口110是否安装有电池包。第一控制单元230电连接各第一开关210,进而根据第一检测单元220的检测结果控制第一开关210的通断。
当第一检测单元220检测到电路中的某一个电池包安装口110未安装电池包时,第一控制单元230可以控制与该电池包安装口110并联的第一开关210处于导通状态,从而将该电池包安装口110短路。当第一检测单元220检测到电路中的某一个电池包安装口110安装有电池包时,第一控制单元230可以控制与该电池包安装口110并联的第一开关210处于断开状态,从而将电池包安装口110中的电池包连入电路中。
在本实施例中,电子开关可以选择单刀双掷开关。此时,以图2中的第一开关K3举例说明,与其并联的电池包安装口110安装电池包的过程可以分解为如下步骤:首先,开关常规状态为1、2触点闭合,1、3触点断开,电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间短路,进而不影响其他电池包安装口110中的电池包供电;然后,将电池包插入,第一检测单元220检测到该电池包并触发第一控制单元230将对应开关状态变为1、3触点闭合,从而将该电池包就接入到相应的电池包安装口110中。
在一个实施例中,第一检测单元220用于检测各电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压值。电压值可以直观地反应电池包安装口110的安装情况。根据电压值可以判断各电池包安装口110是否安装有电池包。
如前面说明的,本说明书所说的“未安装”是一种广义上的未安装。相应 地,“安装有”也是一种广义上的安装有。同时,当电池包的实际电压高于预设电压值(例如额定电压的75%)时,则可认为电池包电量充足。当电池包的实际电压低于预设电压值时,可认为电池电量不足。
由此,在一个实施例中,在上述实施例的基础上,当第一检测单元220在检测到一电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压值高于预设电压值时,则判断相应电池包安装口110的检测结果为安装有电池包。此时,第一控制单元230控制相应的第一开关110断开。
当第一检测单元220在检测到一电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压值低于预设电压值,则判断该电池包安装口110的检测结果为未安装电池包。此时,第一控制单元230控制相应的第一开关210导通。
预设电压值为一电压阈值时,当第一检测单元220在检测到一电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压值等于该值时,第一检测单元220的相关程序可以设计成判断该电池包安装口110的检测结果为未安装电池包,也可设计成判断该电池包安装口110的检测结果为安装有电池包,进而触发第一控制单元230进行相关控制。
本实施例在电池包安装口110没有电连接电池包或者是该电池包安装口110中电连接有电量不足的电池包时,均视为未安装电池包,进而短路相应电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电路。因此,本实施例可有效保证对电动工具供电的电池包均为电量充足的电池包,进而可使得电动工具的控制电路可以提供持续稳定的电压。
当然本申请其他实施例中,第一检测单元220根据电压值(电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的)判断各电池包安装口110是否安装有电池包时,相关程序也可设置成只有电池包安装口110没有电连接电池包时判断为未 安装,而电池包安装口110电连接电池包而有电压时(无论电量高低)即判断为安装有。或者,本申请其他实施例中,第一检测单元220也可以检测其他参数,进而判断各电池包安装口110是否安装有电池包。
在一个实施例中,电池包安装口110进一步包括信号端子。信号端子用于与电池包连接并接收电池包向外传送的表示电池包参数的信号。第一检测单元210用于检测信号端子是否有信号传输,并根据检测结果判断各电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。例如,信号端子可以为BS识别端子。第一检测单元210可以通过BS识别端子识别电池包的类型,进而判断电池包安装口是否安装了电池包。又例如,信号端子还可以为NTC端子。第一检测单元210可以通过NTC端子检测电池包的温度,进而判断电池包安装口是否安装了电池包。
本申请实施例中,也可通过外部的传感器检测电池包安装口110是否安装有电池包。
具体地,在一个实施例中,第一检测单元220可以包括位于电池包安装口110处的接触式传感器(未图示)。接触式传感器用于检测电池包的接触信息。第一检测单元220根据接触信息判断各电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。例如,接触式传感器可以为压力传感器。当一电池包安装口110安装有电池包时,会在相应处产生压力。压力传感器检测到该压力时,第一检测单元220判断该电池包安装口110安装有电池包。压力传感器未检测到该压力时,第一检测单元220判断电池包安装口110未安装电池包。
或者,在一个实施例中,第一检测单元220可以包括位于电池包安装口110处的非接触式传感器(未图示)。接触式传感器用于检测电池包的接触信息。第一检测单元220根据接触信息判断各电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。例如,接触式传感器可以为光电传感器或磁感测开关等。
在一个实施例中,参考图1,电动工具的控制电路还包括电机300以及电压转化模块400。电机300用于驱动电动工具工作。电压转化模块400电连接电机300与电压输出模块100。电压转换模块400用于将电压输出模块100输出的总电压转换为电机300的工作电压。因此,本实施例可以有效解决电压输出模块100输出的总电压与电机300的工作电压失配的技术问题。
具体地,电压转换模块400可以包括电压转换单元410、第二检测单元420以及第二控制单元430。电压转换单元410具有电压转换的功能,其两端分别电连接电机300与电压输出模块100。电压转换单元410可以为DC-DC电压转换单元。第二检测单元420电连接电压输出模块100,进而检测电压输出模块100输出的总电压。
第二控制单元430电连接第二检测单元420与电压转换单元410,进而比较第二检测单元420的检测结果与电机300的额定电压值,并根据比较结果控制电压转换单元410,以使电机300在不高于自身额定电压值的电压下运转。
当第二检测单元420检测到的电压输出模块100输出的总电压高于电机300的额定电压值时,第二控制单元430控制电压转换单元410将电压输出模块100的输出电压转换为电机300的额定电压;当第二检测单元420检测到的电压输出模块100的总电压等于或低于电机300的额定电压值时,第二控制单元420控制电压转换单元410将电压输出模块100的输出电压直接作为电机的工作电压。
假设电机300的额定电压值为20V,且电压输出模块100连入了3个20V的电池包,那么电压转换模块400可以将连入电压输出模块100中的电池包的总电压60V转换为电机300的额定电压值20V。当电压输出模块100中的一个电池包被拆卸掉时,电压转换模块400可以将电池包的总电压40V再次转换为 20V;当再拆卸掉一个电池包后,电路中只连入1个20V的电池包,此时电压转换模块400无需进行电压转换,电压输出模块100的电压直接输出,驱动电机300工作。
本申请实施例中,电动工具的控制电路还可以包括低压供电模块500。低压供电模块500的输入端电连接电压输出模块100,且输出端连接第一控制单元230,进而可以将电压输出模块100的电压转换为第一控制单元230的工作电压(如5V或3.3V的电压),进而对第一控制单元230供电。
在一个实施例中,参考图2,电动工具的控制电路还包括电池识别模块600。电池识别模块600与各电池包安装口110电连接,并用于识别每一个电池包安装口110上安装的电池包的类型和内部参数。
具体的,电池包的类型指的是电池包的型号。电池包的型号具体可以涉及电池包的额定电压值和额定电流值等参数。而电池包的内部参数指的是与电池包性能相关的参数,如欠压保护值、过流保护值和短路保护值等电路保护值。通过获取电池包的类型和内部参数,可以使电路中的电池包在极端情况下受到电路的断路保护。
在一个实施例中,继续参考图2,电动工具还包括电机300以及放电控制模块700。放电控制模块700包括放电控制开关710、第三检测单元720以及三控制单元730。
放电控制开关710电连接电压输出模块100与电机300,其可以实现电压输出模块100与电机300之间的电路通断。第三检测单元720电连接电压输出模块100,用于检测电压输出模块100输出的实际工作值(电流、电压等)。
第三控制单元730电连接电池识别模块600、第三检测单元720以及放电控制开关710,进而根据电池识别模块600识别的各电池包安装口110中安装的电 池包的内部参数(如欠压保护值、过流保护值等)确定电压输出模块100的总电路保护值(如总欠压保护值、总过流保护值等)。并且,第三控制单元730比较总电路保护值与第三检测单元720检测到的实际工作值的大小,并根据比较结果控制放电控制开关710的通断,以使电机在异常状态下停止运转。
具体地,例如,当第三检测单元检测到的总电压值低于总欠压保护值时,第三控制单元730可以控制电动工具的放电控制开关710断开,以使电压输出模块100与电机300之间的电路断开,进而使得电机停止运转,从而起到保护电路的目的。
或者,第三检测单元检测到的检测到总电流值大于总过流保护值时,第三控制单元730也可以控制电动工具的放电控制开关710断开,以使电压输出模块100与电机300之间的电路断开,进而使得电机停止运转,从而起到保护电路的目的。
本申请实施例中,当电动工具的控制电路同时包括断路控制模块200(包括第一检测单元220、第一控制单元230)、电压转换模块400(包括第二检测单元420、第二控制单元430)以及放电控制模块700(第三检测单元720、第三控制单元730)时,三者的检测单元可以集成在一起,且三者的控制单元也可以集成在一起;或者三者中的任意两者的相关单元集成在一起。或者电动工具的控制电路同时具有三者中的任意两个时,该任意两个的相关单元也可以集成在一起。
当电动工具的控制电路同时包括第一检测单元220、第二检测单元420以及第三检测单元720,且第一检测单元220用于检测各电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压时,第二检测单元220以及第三检测单元720用于检测电压输出模块100的总电压时,第一检测单元220、第二检测单元420以及第 三检测单元720可以共用。第二检测单元420以及第三检测单元720检测结果为第一检测单元220检测到的各电池包安装口110的正极端子与负极端子之间的电压总和。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,包括:
    电压输出模块,包括N个电池包安装口,N个所述电池包安装口串联连接,N大于等于2;所述电池包安装口用于安装电池包并包括正极端子和负极端子,所述正极端子以及负极端子用于与电池包电连接获得电能;
    断路控制模块,包括N个第一开关,一个所述第一开关与一个所述电池包安装口对应并联连接;
    当一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,与该所述电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关断开,以使得该电池包安装口的正极端子与负极端子之间不短路;
    当一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,该所述电池包安装口并联的第一开关导通,以使得该电池包安装口的正极端子与负极端子之间短路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,
    所述第一开关为机械式触发开关;
    当一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于自然闭合的导通状态;
    当一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于受力而联动后的断开状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,
    所述第一开关为电子开关;
    所述断路控制模块进一步包括:
    第一检测单元,用于检测各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包;
    第一控制单元,电连接各所述第一开关,用于根据所述第一检测单元的检测结果控制所述第一开关的通断;
    当所述第一检测单元检测到一个所述电池包安装口未安装所述电池包时,所述第一控制单元控制与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于导通状态;
    当所述第一检测单元检测到一个所述电池包安装口安装有所述电池包时,所述第一控制单元控制与该电池包安装口并联的所述第一开关处于断开状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述第一检测单元用于检测各所述电池包安装口的所述正极端子与所述负极端子之间的电压值,并根据所述电压值判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,
    当所述第一检测单元检测到所述电压值高于预设电压值时,则判断相应电池包安装口的所述检测结果为安装有所述电池包,所述第一控制单元控制相应的所述第一开关断开;
    当所述第一检测单元检测到所述电压值低于所述预设电压值,则判断相应电池包安装口的所述检测结果为未安装所述电池包,所述第一控制单元控制相应的所述第一开关导通。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池包安装口进一步包括信号端子,所述信号端子用于与电池包连接并接收电池包向外传送的表示电池包参数的信号,所述第一检测单元用于检测所述信号端子是否有信号传输,并根据检测结果判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述第一检测单元包括位于所述电池包安装口处的接触式传感器,所述接触式传感器用于检测所述电池包的接触信息,所述第一检测单元根据所述接触信息判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述第一检 测单元包括位于所述电池包安装口处的非接触式传感器,所述非接触式传感器用于检测所述电池包安装口的传感信息,所述第一检测单元根据所述传感信息判断各所述电池包安装口是否安装有电池包。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,还包括:
    电机,用于驱动所述电动工具工作;
    电压转换模块,电连接所述电机与所述电压输出模块,用于将所述电压输出模块输出的总电压转换为所述电机的工作电压。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述电压转换模块包括:
    电压转换单元,电连接所述电机与所述电压输出模块,用于实现电压转换;
    第二检测单元,电连接所述电压输出模块,用于检测所述电压输出模块输出的总电压;
    第二控制单元,电连接所述第二检测单元与所述电压转换单元,用于比较所述第二检测单元的检测结果与所述电机的额定电压值,并根据比较结果控制所述电压转换单元,以使所述电机在不高于自身额定电压值的电压下运转。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述电压转换单元为DC-DC电压转换单元。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,还包括:
    电池识别模块,所述电池识别模块与各所述电池包安装口电连接,用于识别各所述电池包安装口中安装的电池包的内部参数。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,还包括:
    电机,用于驱动所述电动工具工作;
    放电控制模块,电连接所述电压输出模块与所述电机,用于控制所述电压 输出模块与所述电机之间的电路通断;
    所述放电控制模块包括:
    放电控制开关,电连接所述电压输出模块与所述电机,用于实现所述电压输出模块与所述电机之间的电路通断;
    第三检测单元,电连接所述电压输出模块,用于检测所述电压输出模块输出的实际工作值;
    第三控制单元,电连接所述电池识别模块、所述第三检测单元以及所述放电控制开关,用于根据所述电池识别模块识别的各所述电池包安装口中安装的电池包的内部参数确定所述电压输出模块的总电路保护值,比较所述电路保护值与所述实际工作值的大小,并根据所述比较结果控制所述放电控制开关的通断,以使所述电机在异常状态下停止运转。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电动工具的控制电路,其特征在于,所述电动工具的电路保护值包括总欠压保护值和总过流保护值。
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