WO2021000476A1 - Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna with a good convergence and a high gain. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna comprises a first high-frequency column, a second high-frequency column, a third high-frequency column, and a fourth high-frequency column respectively formed by a plurality of first high-frequency radiation units, second high-frequency radiation units, third high-frequency radiation units, and fourth high-frequency radiation units correspondingly located along a first reference line, a second reference line, a third reference line, and a fourth reference line; and a first low-frequency column and a second low-frequency column respectively formed by a plurality of first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units correspondingly located along the first reference line and the third reference line, wherein the first reference line, the second reference line, the third reference line and the fourth reference line are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, the first high-frequency column and the second high-frequency column form a first high-frequency narrow beam array, the third high-frequency column and the fourth high-frequency column form a second high-frequency narrow beam array, the first low-frequency column and the second low-frequency column form a low-frequency narrow beam array, and the low-frequency narrow beam array comprises first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units adjacent to each other in a pairwise manner, and second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiation units, and/or first low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiation units.

Description

Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication antennas, in particular to a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, users have higher and higher requirements for communication quality. The existing conventional antennas can no longer meet the needs of all coverage scenarios, especially special coverage scenarios with narrow and long characteristics (such as high-speed rail, highways, etc.) Special directional coverage scenarios), if the existing conventional base station antenna with a horizontal beam width of 65° is used for coverage, the antenna electromagnetic signal can easily cross both sides of the road, causing interference outside the road area. Therefore, for narrow and long coverage scenarios such as high-speed rail, It is often necessary to use a narrow beam antenna for coverage.

However, the existing narrow-beam antennas have divergent low-frequency beams and poor high- and low-frequency gains, which easily affect the coverage of nearby areas. They can only achieve good coverage in two frequency bands of 820HZ-960MHZ and 1710MHZ-2170MHZ, which is difficult to meet the 5G high frequency band. Coverage.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna, which aims to break through the bottleneck of the prior art and solve the technical problems of low-frequency beam divergence and poor high- and low-frequency gain of the existing narrow-beam antenna.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna of the present invention is:

A multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, including:

A first high-frequency column formed by a plurality of first high-frequency radiation units along a first reference line, a second high-frequency column formed by a plurality of second high-frequency radiation units along a second reference line, and a plurality of third high-frequency radiation units A third high frequency column formed by the frequency radiation unit along the third reference line and a fourth high frequency column formed by a plurality of fourth high frequency radiation units along the fourth reference line;

A first low frequency column formed by a plurality of first low frequency radiation units along the first reference line and a second low frequency column formed by a plurality of second low frequency radiation units along the third reference line;

The first reference line, the second reference line, the third reference line, and the fourth reference line are sequentially spaced apart and parallel to each other, and the first high-frequency column and the second high-frequency column form A first high frequency narrow beam array, the third high frequency column and the fourth high frequency column form a second high frequency narrow beam array, and the first low frequency column and the second low frequency column form a low frequency narrow beam array ；

The low-frequency narrow beam array includes two adjacent first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units, and the second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units, and/ Or, the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units.

Further, when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column, it is The first low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units are located at the column head and/or column end of the first low-frequency column.

Further, the number of the first low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column is ≤2.

Further, when the second low-frequency column has the second low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating units in the first low-frequency column, it is The second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units are located at the column head and/or column end of the second low-frequency column.

Further, the number of the second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is ≤2.

Further, when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column, and the second low-frequency column has When the second low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating units in the first low-frequency column is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating units in the second low-frequency column The first low-frequency radiation unit is located at the head of the column, and the second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is located at the end of the second low-frequency column .

Further, there is only one first low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating units in the second low-frequency column, which is connected to each of the first low-frequency radiating units in the first low-frequency column. There is also only one second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to the radiation unit.

Further, the column spacing D1 of the first high frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ1, the column spacing D2 of the second high frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ2, and the column spacing of the low frequency narrow beam array D3 is 0.7～0.9λ3;

The row spacing d1 between any two adjacent first high-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent second high-frequency radiation units in the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ1, The row spacing d2 between any two adjacent third high-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiation units in the second high-frequency narrow beam array are both 0.8-0.9λ2, The row spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiation units in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ3;

λ1, λ2, and λ3 are the center frequency wavelengths of the first high frequency narrow beam array, the second high frequency narrow beam array, and the low frequency narrow beam array, respectively.

Further, each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is coaxially nested with each of the first high-frequency radiation units in the first high-frequency column, and the second low-frequency column Each of the second low-frequency radiation units is coaxially nested with each of the third high-frequency radiation units in the third high-frequency column.

Further, the first low-frequency radiation unit and the second low-frequency radiation unit that are adjacent to each other are arranged side by side, or each of the first low-frequency radiation unit and the second low-frequency radiation unit in the first low-frequency column Each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the column is arranged in a staggered manner.

Further, the working frequency band of the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 1710-2170 MHz, the working frequency band of the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 1710-2690 MHz, and the working frequency band of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 820～960 MHz. .

Based on the above technical solution, the multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna of the present invention can realize three-frequency band and narrow-beam coverage by setting the first high-frequency narrow-beam array, the second high-frequency narrow-beam array, and the low-frequency narrow-beam array to meet the requirements of comprehensive coverage communication in narrow and long scenes such as high-speed rail High requirements for network services; by setting the low-frequency narrow beam array to have the second low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating units and/or not to each of the second low-frequency radiating units The adjacent first low-frequency radiating unit can make the first low-frequency column have a low-frequency radiation unit group formed by a single first low-frequency radiating unit and/or make the second low-frequency column have a single second low-frequency radiating unit formed Under the premise of meeting the number of radiation units required by the vertical beamforming requirements, since the above-mentioned low-frequency radiation unit group has a single first low-frequency radiation unit or a second low-frequency radiation unit, correspondingly The number of the first low-frequency unit and/or the second low-frequency radiation unit can be reduced, thereby simplifying the boundary of the low-frequency narrow beam array, improving the convergence of the low-frequency beam and improving the high and low frequency gain; in addition, the first low-frequency radiation unit and/or the second low-frequency radiation unit The reduction in the number of radiating units can also avoid the influence of mutual coupling between the low-frequency radiating unit and the high-frequency radiating unit, and at the same time help to improve the gain, standing waves, etc. of the first high-frequency narrow beam array and/or the second high-frequency narrow beam array Electrical indicators to obtain better antenna electrical performance and radiation performance.

Description of the drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Description of reference signs:

110-first low-frequency column; 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d-first low-frequency radiation unit; 120-second low-frequency column; 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d-second low-frequency radiation unit; 200-first high-frequency narrow beam Array; 210-first high-frequency column; 211-first high-frequency radiation unit; 220-second high-frequency radiation unit; 221-second high-frequency radiation unit; 300-second high-frequency narrow beam array; 310-third High-frequency column; 311-third high-frequency radiation unit; 320-fourth high-frequency column; 321-fourth high-frequency radiation unit; A1-first reference line; A2-second reference line; A3-third reference line ; A4-The fourth reference line.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be a centering element at the same time. When an element is said to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless specifically defined otherwise.

It should also be noted that the terms up, down, top, bottom, side, left, and right in the following embodiments are only relative concepts or refer to the normal use of the product, and should not be considered Is restrictive.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5 together. An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-band narrow beam antenna, including:

A first high-frequency column 210 formed by a plurality of first high-frequency radiation units 211 along the first reference line A1, a second high-frequency column 220 formed by a plurality of second high-frequency radiation units 221 along the second reference line A2, A third high-frequency column 310 formed by a plurality of third high-frequency radiation units 311 along the third reference line A3, and a fourth high-frequency column 320 formed by a plurality of fourth high-frequency radiation units 321 along the fourth reference line A4;

A first low-frequency column 110 formed by a plurality of first low-frequency radiation units (e.g. 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d in FIG. 1) along the first reference line A1 and a plurality of second low-frequency radiation units (e.g., FIG. 1 121a, 121b, 121c) the second low frequency column 120 formed along the third reference line A3;

The first reference line A1, the second reference line A2, the third reference line A3, and the fourth reference line A4 are sequentially spaced apart and parallel to each other. The first high-frequency column 210 and the second high-frequency column 220 form a first high-frequency narrow beam The array 200, the third high frequency column 310 and the fourth high frequency column 320 form a second high frequency narrow beam array 300, and the first low frequency column 110 and the second low frequency column 120 form a low frequency narrow beam array (not shown);

The low-frequency narrow beam array includes two adjacent first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units (for example, 111b and 121a, 111c and 121b, 111d and 121c in Figure 1), and each second low-frequency radiation unit ( For example, 121a, 121b, 121c in FIG. 1) are not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiation unit (such as 111a in FIG. 1), and/or, and each first low-frequency radiation unit (such as 111a, 111b in FIG. 3) , 111c) the second low-frequency radiation unit (for example, 121d in FIG. 3) that are not adjacent.

The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna can realize three-frequency band and narrow-beam coverage by setting the first high-frequency narrow-beam array 200, the second high-frequency narrow-beam array 300, and the low-frequency narrow-beam array to meet the needs of high-speed rail and other narrow and long scenes for comprehensive coverage of communications High requirements for network services; by setting the low-frequency narrow beam array to have a second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiation unit and/or a first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiation unit The radiation unit can make the first low-frequency column 110 have a low-frequency radiation unit group formed by a single first low-frequency radiation unit and/or make the second low-frequency column 120 have a low-frequency radiation unit group formed by a single second low-frequency radiation unit, In this way, on the premise that the number of radiation units required for vertical beamforming requirements is met, since the above-mentioned low-frequency radiation unit group has a single first low-frequency radiation unit or a second low-frequency radiation unit, the first low-frequency unit can be reduced accordingly. And/or the number of second low-frequency radiating units, thereby simplifying the boundary of the low-frequency narrow beam array, improving low-frequency beam convergence and improving high-low-frequency gain; in addition, the number of first low-frequency radiating units and/or second low-frequency radiating units is also reduced It can avoid the influence of mutual coupling between the low-frequency radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit, and at the same time help to improve the gain of the first high-frequency narrow-beam array and the second high-frequency narrow-beam array, standing waves and other electrical indicators to obtain better Antenna electrical performance and radiation performance.

It should be understood that, in practical applications, the two adjacent first and second low-frequency radiating units are connected through a power divider and then connected to a phase shifter (not shown) in the multi-frequency beam antenna. , Thus forming a 32° narrow beam; and the above-mentioned separate first low-frequency radiation unit and separate second low-frequency radiation unit are not equipped with corresponding power dividers, that is, they are not connected to the power divider, but are connected to the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna The phase shifter in is directly connected.

In practical applications, the above-mentioned first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 may also be arranged along the second reference line A2 and the fourth reference line A4 respectively, which is not limited here.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 together. When the first low-frequency column 110 has the same second low-frequency radiating unit in the second low-frequency column 120 (for example, 121a in FIG. , 121b, 121c; 121a, 121b in Figure 2) non-adjacent first low-frequency radiation unit (for example: 111a in Figure 1; 111a and 111d in Figure 2), and each of the second low-frequency column 120 The second low-frequency radiation unit (for example: 121a, 121b, 121c in Figure 1; 121a, 121b in Figure 2) is not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiation unit (for example: 111a in Figure 1; 111a and 111d) Located at the beginning and/or end of the first low-frequency column 110. The first low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating unit in the second low-frequency column 120 is arranged at the column head and/or the column end of the first low-frequency column 110, which is important for low-frequency beam convergence and antenna electrical performance. The improvement has a better effect and can reduce the impact on the pattern of the low-frequency narrow beam array. It is further preferred that the number of first low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiation unit in the second low-frequency column 120 is ≤2. In this way, it is possible to improve the convergence while ensuring better coverage of the low-frequency narrow beam array, avoiding the second low-frequency column 120 from having too few second low-frequency radiating units compared to the first low-frequency column 110, which may affect the low-frequency gain, etc. Radiation indicators. Referring to FIG. 2, when the number of first low- frequency radiation units 111a and 111d that are not adjacent to each of the second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b in the second low-frequency column 120=2, it is more preferable to combine the two The first low- frequency radiation units 111a and 111d are respectively placed at the column head and column end of the first low-frequency column 110 to ensure that the first low-frequency column 110 has better radiation performance.

In the same way, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIGS. 3 and 4 together. When the above-mentioned second low-frequency column 120 may have the same first low-frequency radiation unit in the first low-frequency column 110 (for example: When 111a, 111b, 111c in Figure 3, 111a, 111b in Figure 4) are not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiation unit (for example: 121d in Figure 3, 121a and 121d in Figure 4), and the first low-frequency column Each first low-frequency radiation unit in 110 (for example: 111a, 111b, 111c in Fig. 3, 111a, 111b in Fig. 4) non-adjacent second low-frequency radiating unit (for example: 121d in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 121a and 121d) are located at the beginning and/or end of the second low-frequency column 120. The second low-frequency radiating unit, which is not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating unit in the first low-frequency column 110, is arranged at the column head and/or column end of the second low-frequency column 120, which is important for low-frequency beam convergence and antenna electrical performance. The improvement has a better effect and can reduce the impact on the pattern of the low-frequency narrow beam array. It is further preferred that the number of second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiation unit in the first low-frequency column 110 is ≤2. In this way, it is possible to improve convergence while ensuring better coverage of the low-frequency narrow-beam array, avoiding that the first low-frequency column 110 has too few first low-frequency radiating units compared to the second low-frequency column 120, which may affect the low-frequency gain, etc. Radiation indicators. 4, when the number of second low- frequency radiation units 121a and 121d that are not adjacent to each of the first low- frequency radiation units 111a and 111b in the first low-frequency column 110 = 2, it is more preferable to combine these two The first low- frequency radiation units 121a and 121d are respectively placed at the head and the end of the second low-frequency column 120 to ensure that the radiation performance of the first low-frequency column 120 is better.

In addition, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 5, when the first low-frequency column 110 has first low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, 121c that are not adjacent to the second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, and 121c in the second low-frequency column 120. Low-frequency radiation unit 111a, when the second low-frequency column 120 has a second low-frequency radiation unit 121c that is not adjacent to each of the first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, 111c in the first low-frequency column 110, The first low-frequency radiation unit 111a that is not adjacent to each of the second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, and 121c is located at the head of the column, and the first low-frequency radiation unit 111a, which is not adjacent to each of the first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, and 111c in the first low-frequency column 110 The second low-frequency radiation unit 121c is located at the end of the second low-frequency column 120. That is, the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 respectively have a single first low-frequency radiation unit 111a and a single second low-frequency radiation unit 121c. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the symmetry of the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120, thereby improving the symmetry of the radiation pattern of the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120, the convergence of the half-power beam width, The antenna gain, front-to-rear ratio and axial cross-polarization can all reach a good level. Further preferably, there is only one first low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating unit in the second low-frequency column 120, and is not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating unit in the first low-frequency column 110 There is only one second low-frequency radiating unit. In this way, it is possible to improve the convergence while ensuring a better coverage effect of the low-frequency narrow-beam array, and prevent the number of first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units from being too small to affect radiation indicators such as low-frequency gain.

Taking the low-frequency narrow-beam array with 4 groups of low-frequency radiating element groups as an example, several preferable array forms of the above-mentioned low-frequency narrow-beam array are described in detail as follows:

The first array form is: please refer to Figure 1, the first low-frequency column 110 has four first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, and the second low-frequency column 120 has three second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, 121c, the first low-frequency radiation unit 111b and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121a are adjacent to each other to form a group of low-frequency radiation units. The first low-frequency radiation unit 111b and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121a are connected through a power divider to form a 32° Narrow beam coverage. Similarly, the first low-frequency radiation unit 111c and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121b are adjacent to each other and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage. The first low-frequency radiation unit 111d and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121c are adjacent in pairs and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage; a single first low-frequency radiating unit 111a serves as a group of low-frequency radiating units, which is located at the head of the first low-frequency column 110, forming 65° Beam coverage.

The second array form is: please refer to Figure 2. The first low-frequency column 110 has four first low- frequency radiating units 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, and the second low-frequency column 120 has two second low- frequency radiating units 121a, 121b, two second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b are located in the second low-frequency column 120. The second low-frequency radiation unit 121a and the first low-frequency radiation unit 111b are adjacent to each other in pairs and form a group of low-frequency radiation units. The radiation unit 121a and the first low-frequency radiation unit 111b are connected via a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage. Similarly, the second low-frequency radiation unit 121b and the first low-frequency radiation unit 111c are adjacent to each other and connected via a power splitter to A 32° narrow beam coverage is formed; the single first low-frequency radiating unit 111a is located at the head of the first low-frequency column 110, and the single first low-frequency radiating unit 111d is located at the end of the first low-frequency column 110, both of which form a 65° beam coverage .

The third array form is: please refer to Figure 3, the first low-frequency column 110 has three first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, 111c, and the second low-frequency column 120 has four second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b. , 121c, 121d, the first low-frequency radiation unit 111a and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121a are adjacent to each other in pairs and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage. The first low-frequency radiation unit 111b and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121b are two Two adjacent and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage, the first low-frequency radiation unit 111c and a second low-frequency radiation unit 121c are adjacent to each other and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage; A second low-frequency radiation unit 121d is located at the end of the second low-frequency column 120, which forms a beam coverage of 65°.

The fourth array form is: please refer to Figure 4, the second low-frequency column 120 has four second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d, and the first low-frequency column 110 has two first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, the two first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b are located in the first low-frequency column 110. The first low-frequency radiation unit 111a and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121b are adjacent to each other in pairs and connected by a power divider to form a 32° narrow Beam coverage, the second low-frequency radiation unit 111b and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121c are adjacent to each other and connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage; a single second low-frequency radiation unit 121a is located in the second low-frequency column 120 First, a single second low-frequency radiation unit 121d is located at the end of the second low-frequency column 120, and they all form a 65° beam coverage.

The fifth array form is: please refer to Figure 5, the first low-frequency column 110 has three first low- frequency radiation units 111a, 111b, 111c, and the second low-frequency column 120 has three second low- frequency radiation units 121a, 121b, 121c. The first low-frequency radiation unit 111b and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121a are adjacent to each other in pairs and are connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage. The second low-frequency radiation unit 111c and the second low-frequency radiation unit 121b are adjacent to each other in pairs. Connected by a power splitter to form a 32° narrow beam coverage; a single first low-frequency radiation unit 111a is located at the head of the first low-frequency column 110, which forms a 65° beam coverage, and a single second low-frequency radiation unit 121c is located in the second low-frequency column The 120 column tail, which forms a 65° beam coverage.

For the first array form shown in FIG. 1 and the second array form shown in FIG. 2, the reduction of the second low-frequency radiation unit in the second low-frequency column 120 can greatly reduce the impact on the second high-frequency narrow beam. The beam convergence of the array 300 and the influence of electrical indicators such as gain, standing wave, isolation, etc., are also beneficial to improving the gain, standing wave, and isolation indicators of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200. For the third array form shown in FIG. 3 and the fourth array form shown in FIG. 4, the reduction of the first low-frequency radiation unit in the first low-frequency column 110 can greatly reduce the impact on the first high-frequency narrow beam. The beam convergence of the array 200 and the influence of electrical indicators such as gain, standing wave, isolation, etc., are also conducive to improving the gain, standing wave, and isolation indicators of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300. For the fifth array form shown in FIG. 5, the beam convergence of the first high-frequency narrow-beam array 200 and the second high-frequency narrow-beam array 300 and electrical indicators such as gain, standing wave, and isolation can be greatly reduced. At the same time, the pattern of the low-frequency narrow beam array can also reach a better level.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned column heads and column tails are only relative concepts or refer to the normal use of the product, and should not be considered restrictive.

It should be understood that in practical applications, the number of low-frequency radiation units in the low-frequency narrow beam array can be increased as needed, that is, the number of first low-frequency radiation units and/or second low-frequency radiation units is increased, which is not limited here.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5 together. The column spacing D1 of the first high frequency narrow beam array 200 is 0.7 to 0.9λ1, and the column spacing D2 of the second high frequency narrow beam array 300 The column spacing D3 of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7-0.9λ3; the first high-frequency narrow-beam array 200 has any two adjacent first high-frequency radiation units 211 and any two adjacent second-high The row spacing d1 between the high-frequency radiation units 221 is 0.8～0.9λ1, any two adjacent third high-frequency radiation units 311 and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiation units in the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 The line spacing d2 between the 321s is 0.8～0.9λ2, and the line spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiating units and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiating units in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8 ~0.9λ3; λ1 is the center frequency wavelength of the first high frequency narrow beam array 200, λ2 is the center frequency wavelength of the second high frequency narrow beam array 300, and λ3 is the center frequency wavelength of the low frequency narrow beam array. Using the above column spacing and row spacing settings can effectively optimize the vertical sidelobe level of the antenna, optimize the isolation between the arrays, reduce the coupling between the columns, and correspondingly reduce the difficulty and cost of decoupling, and make the antenna's electrical The performance and working reliability are better, and it is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first low-frequency radiation units of the first low-frequency column 110 are arranged with equal row spacing, and the second low-frequency radiation units of the second low-frequency column 120 are arranged with equal rows. The first high-frequency radiation units 211 of the first high-frequency column 210 are arranged with equal row spacing, and the first high-frequency radiation units 211 of the first high-frequency column 210 are arranged with equal rows. The second high-frequency radiation units 311 of the second high-frequency column 310 are arranged at equal row intervals, and the third high-frequency radiation units 221 of the third high-frequency column 220 are arranged in equal rows. The fourth high-frequency radiation unit 321 of the fourth high-frequency column 320 is arranged at an equal row spacing. In this way, the sidelobe level can be further optimized.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5 together. Each first low-frequency radiation unit of the first low-frequency column 110 is connected to each first high-frequency radiation unit 211 of the first high-frequency column 210. The second low-frequency radiation unit of the second low-frequency column 120 is coaxially nested and the third high-frequency radiation unit 311 of the third high-frequency column 310 is coaxially nested. In this way, it can have a more compact structure size, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.

In some embodiments, please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5 together. The first low-frequency radiating unit and the second low-frequency radiating unit are arranged side by side. In this way, it can be ensured that a large lateral spacing is maintained between the two columns to reduce the coupling between the two antenna arrays.

In some embodiments, each first low-frequency radiation unit in the first low-frequency column 110 and each second low-frequency radiation unit in the second low-frequency column 120 may also be arranged in a staggered arrangement (not shown). The misalignment setting can avoid interference between the orthographic projections of the low-frequency radiating unit and the high-frequency radiating unit on the antenna reflector (not shown), and is beneficial to reduce the column spacing, thereby improving the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the array, and improving The symmetry of the radiation pattern enables better convergence of the half-power beam width, narrower width, and significantly improved front-to-rear ratio and axial cross-polarization; it also reduces the windward area and saves sky resources. At the same time, it is conducive to the miniaturized design of the antenna.

In practical applications, each first low-frequency radiation unit and each second low-frequency radiation unit in the above-mentioned low-frequency narrow beam array can adopt radiation units with the same structure to simplify installation. Each first high-frequency radiation unit 211 and each third high-frequency radiation unit 221 in the above-mentioned first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 may also adopt radiation units with the same structure to simplify installation. In the same way, each second high-frequency radiation unit 311 and each fourth high-frequency radiation unit 321 in the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 may also adopt radiation units with the same structure to simplify installation.

Specifically in this embodiment, the working frequency band of the first high frequency narrow beam array 200 is 1710-2170 MHz, the working frequency band of the second high frequency narrow beam array 300 is 1710-2690 MHz, and the working frequency band of the low frequency narrow beam array is 820. ~960MHz. In this way, it can be conveniently applied to the 0.9GHz, 1.8GHz, and 2.6GHz frequency bands to realize high-speed data communication in systems such as TD-LTE/TD-LTE-Advanced/5G.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

Claims (11)

1. A multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, which is characterized in that it comprises:

   A first high-frequency column formed by a plurality of first high-frequency radiation units along a first reference line, a second high-frequency column formed by a plurality of second high-frequency radiation units along a second reference line, and a plurality of third high-frequency radiation units A third high frequency column formed by the frequency radiation unit along the third reference line and a fourth high frequency column formed by a plurality of fourth high frequency radiation units along the fourth reference line;

   A first low-frequency column formed by a plurality of first low-frequency radiation units along the first reference line, and a second low-frequency column formed by a plurality of second low-frequency radiation units along the third reference line;

   The first reference line, the second reference line, the third reference line, and the fourth reference line are sequentially spaced apart and parallel to each other, and the first high-frequency column and the second high-frequency column form A first high frequency narrow beam array, the third high frequency column and the fourth high frequency column form a second high frequency narrow beam array, and the first low frequency column and the second low frequency column form a low frequency narrow beam array ；

   The low-frequency narrow beam array includes two adjacent first low-frequency radiation units and second low-frequency radiation units, and the second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units, and/ Or, the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units.
2. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column In the case of a low-frequency radiation unit, the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column is located at the column head and/or column end of the first low-frequency column.
3. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the first low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column is ≤2.
4. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein when the second low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating units in the first low-frequency column In the case of two low-frequency radiation units, the second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is located at the column head and/or column end of the second low-frequency column.
5. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to claim 4, wherein the number of the second low-frequency radiation units that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is ≤2.
6. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column A low-frequency radiation unit, and when the second low-frequency column has the second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column, The first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the column is located at the head of the column, and the first low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column Two low-frequency radiation units are located at the end of the second low-frequency column.
7. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 6, wherein there is only one first low-frequency radiating unit that is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating unit in the second low-frequency column, and There is only one second low-frequency radiation unit that is not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column.
8. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein the column spacing D1 of the first high frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ1, and the column spacing D2 of the second high frequency narrow beam array is 0.7～0.9λ2, the column spacing D3 of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7～0.9λ3;

   The row spacing d1 between any two adjacent first high-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent second high-frequency radiation units in the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ1, The row spacing d2 between any two adjacent third high-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiation units in the second high-frequency narrow beam array are both 0.8-0.9λ2, The row spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiation units and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiation units in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ3;

   λ1, λ2, and λ3 are the center frequency wavelengths of the first high frequency narrow beam array, the second high frequency narrow beam array, and the low frequency narrow beam array, respectively.
9. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein each of the first low-frequency radiation units in the first low-frequency column is connected to each of the first high-frequency radiation units in the first high-frequency column. The radiation units are coaxially nested, and each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column is coaxially nested with each of the third high-frequency radiation units in the third high-frequency column.
10. The multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first low-frequency radiation unit and the second low-frequency radiation unit that are adjacent to each other are arranged side by side, or, in the first low-frequency column Each of the first low-frequency radiation units and each of the second low-frequency radiation units in the second low-frequency column are arranged in a staggered manner.
11. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the working frequency band of the first high frequency narrow beam array is 1710-2170 MHz, and the second high frequency narrow beam array The working frequency band is 1710-2690 MHz, and the working frequency band of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 820-960 MHz.

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