WO2020258080A1 - 随机接入方法、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

随机接入方法、装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020258080A1
WO2020258080A1 PCT/CN2019/093037 CN2019093037W WO2020258080A1 WO 2020258080 A1 WO2020258080 A1 WO 2020258080A1 CN 2019093037 W CN2019093037 W CN 2019093037W WO 2020258080 A1 WO2020258080 A1 WO 2020258080A1
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Prior art keywords
random access
resource
dedicated
internet
control channel
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PCT/CN2019/093037
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
牟勤
Original Assignee
北京小米移动软件有限公司
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Application filed by 北京小米移动软件有限公司 filed Critical 北京小米移动软件有限公司
Priority to CN202410178277.7A priority Critical patent/CN118042434A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093037 priority patent/WO2020258080A1/zh
Priority to US17/622,731 priority patent/US20220167428A1/en
Priority to CN201980001175.5A priority patent/CN110495192B/zh
Publication of WO2020258080A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020258080A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/53—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on regulatory allocation policies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a random access method, device and storage medium.
  • the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is increasingly used in 5G new radio (NR) systems.
  • IoT technology is mainly designed for low-end IoT devices in low-rate and high-latency scenarios.
  • 5G NR is usually designed for high-end terminals such as high-rate and low-latency. Therefore, when IoT devices communicate in a 5G NR system, there is often insufficient processing capacity and communication failures. For example, in the random access process, it is aimed at relatively high-end terminals, which have relatively wide bandwidth and relatively strong processing capabilities.
  • network devices such as base stations
  • cannot recognize low-end IoT devices during random access which may cause IoT devices to fail to work.
  • the present disclosure provides a random access method, device and storage medium.
  • a random access method which is applied to an Internet of Things device, and includes:
  • the dedicated random access resource is a dedicated resource for the Internet of Things device to initiate random access; use the dedicated random access resource to send a random access request.
  • the ordinary terminal is a terminal different from the Internet of Things device.
  • determining the dedicated random access resource includes: determining the dedicated random access resource based on a system message.
  • the method further includes:
  • a random access response is received, and the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirement of the Internet of Things device.
  • receiving the random access response includes:
  • the random access response is received based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal; or the random access response is received based on a physical downlink shared channel different from the ordinary terminal.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the message 3 is sent using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • a random access method is provided.
  • the method is applied to a network device and includes: acquiring a random access request, the random access request being sent by an IoT device using a dedicated random access resource
  • the dedicated random access resource is a dedicated resource for the Internet of Things device to initiate random access; according to the dedicated random access resource used by the random access request, it is determined that the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device; Access response, the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirement of the Internet of Things device.
  • the dedicated random access resource is a time resource for sending a random access preamble, and the time resource for sending a random access preamble is different from a time resource for sending a random access preamble by an ordinary terminal; or the random
  • the dedicated access resources are frequency resources, which are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals; or the dedicated resources for random access are resources occupied by random access preambles, and the resources occupied by random access preambles are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals.
  • the access preamble occupies resources.
  • the ordinary terminal is a terminal different from the Internet of Things device.
  • the method further includes: broadcasting the random access dedicated resource through a system message.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device includes:
  • the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the Internet of Things device; and/or the transmission block size allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the Internet of Things device.
  • sending a random access response includes:
  • the random access response is sent based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal; or the random access response is sent based on a physical downlink shared channel different from the ordinary terminal.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3, and the method further includes: acquiring the message 3 sent by using the scheduling information.
  • a random access device which is applied to an Internet of Things device, and includes:
  • the dedicated random access resource is a time resource for sending a random access preamble, and the time resource for sending a random access preamble is different from a time resource for sending a random access preamble by an ordinary terminal; or the random
  • the dedicated access resources are frequency resources, which are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals; or the dedicated resources for random access are resources occupied by random access preambles, and the resources occupied by random access preambles are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals.
  • the access preamble occupies resources.
  • the ordinary terminal is a terminal different from the Internet of Things device.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device includes:
  • the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the Internet of Things device; and/or the size of the transmission block allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the Internet of Things device.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the random access response in the following manner: receiving the random access response based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal; or based on a physical downlink different from that of the ordinary terminal The shared channel receives the random access response.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3
  • the sending unit is further configured to send the message 3 by using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • a random access device applied to a network device including:
  • the obtaining unit is configured to obtain a random access request, the random access request is sent by an IoT device using a dedicated random access resource, and the dedicated random access resource is a resource dedicated to the IoT device to initiate random access; processing Unit, configured to determine that the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device according to the random access dedicated resource used by the random access request; the sending unit is configured to send a random access response, the random access
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the corresponding physical downlink control channel meets the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device.
  • the dedicated random access resource is a time resource for sending a random access preamble, and the time resource for sending a random access preamble is different from a time resource for sending a random access preamble by an ordinary terminal; or the random
  • the dedicated access resources are frequency resources, which are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals; or the dedicated resources for random access are resources occupied by random access preambles, and the resources occupied by random access preambles are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals.
  • the access preamble occupies resources.
  • the ordinary terminal is a terminal different from the Internet of Things device.
  • the sending unit is further configured to broadcast the dedicated random access resource through a system message.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device includes:
  • the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the Internet of Things device; and/or the size of the transmission block allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the Internet of Things device.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the random access response in the following manner:
  • the random access response is sent based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal; or the random access response is sent based on a physical downlink shared channel different from the ordinary terminal.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3, and the acquiring unit is further configured to: acquire the message 3 sent by using the scheduling information.
  • a random access device which is applied to an Internet of Things device, and includes:
  • Processor a memory used to store instructions executable by the processor.
  • the processor is configured to execute the random access method described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • a random access device which is characterized in that it is applied to a network device and includes: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor.
  • the processor is configured to execute the random access method described in the second aspect or any one of the implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium When instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of a network device, the network device can execute the second aspect or the second aspect described above. Aspect of the random access method described in any one of the implementation manners.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wireless communication system according to some exemplary embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing another random access method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing yet another random access method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing yet another random access method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 6A-Fig. 6B are block diagrams showing a random access device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing another random access device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing a device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing a device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • a wireless communication system is a network that provides wireless communication functions.
  • the wireless communication system can use different communication technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (Single Carrier FDMA, SC-FDMA), Carrier Sense Multiple access/conflict avoidance (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance).
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Carrier Sense Multiple access/conflict avoidance
  • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the network can be divided into 2G (English: generation) network, 3G network, 4G network or future evolution network, such as 5G network, 5G network can also be called a new wireless network ( New Radio, NR).
  • the network in the present disclosure may include a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) and a core network (Core Network, CN).
  • the network includes a network device, and the network device may be, for example, a wireless access network node, a core network device, and the like. Among them, the radio access network node may also be called a base station.
  • the network can provide network services for the terminal through network equipment, and different operators can provide different network services for the terminal. It can also be understood that different operators correspond to different operator networks.
  • a terminal which can also be called User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Terminal (MT), etc.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS Mobile Station
  • MT Mobile Terminal
  • the terminal may be a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, etc.
  • some examples of terminals are: smart phones (Mobile Phone), Pocket Computers (Pocket Personal Computer, PPC), handheld computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), notebook computers, tablet computers, wearable devices, or Vehicle equipment, etc.
  • the terminal When the terminal prepares to access the system, it first obtains the synchronization broadcast block to obtain synchronization and system messages. Then, a random access preamble (preamble) is sent in a physical random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH) corresponding to the acquired synchronous broadcast block. In addition, the terminal can select the corresponding random access preamble according to the size of the message 3 (Msg.3) to be sent subsequently. For example, when the size of Msg.3 is greater than the set threshold, select preamble 32 to preamble 63, and select one of preamble 0 to preamble 31 when it is less than the set threshold. After the user finishes sending the preamble, the network device will feed back a random access response to the terminal. The random access responses of multiple terminals can be multiplexed in one PDSCH for transmission.
  • Msg.3 the size of the message 3
  • the current random access process is aimed at high-end terminals, which have relatively wide bandwidth and strong processing capabilities.
  • the IoT devices in the Internet of Things technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IOT) and Machine Type Communications (MTC) are mainly aimed at low-rate and high-latency scenarios, and low-rate and high-latency scenarios.
  • the IoT devices in the scene usually meet the requirements of low cost, low complexity, a certain degree of coverage enhancement, and power enhancement. Such as meter reading, environmental monitoring and other scenarios.
  • NB-IoT can only support a maximum rate of several hundred k
  • MTC can only support a maximum rate of several M at present.
  • the continuous development of the Internet of Things business such as video surveillance, smart home, wearable devices and industrial sensor monitoring and other services popularized. These services usually require speeds of tens to 100M, and also have relatively high requirements for delay.
  • the processing capabilities of each terminal in the system are different. If the previous random access response is still reused, the network device cannot identify the low-end IoT device during the random access process. It may cause IoT devices to fail to work. For example, the random access response transmitted by a network device such as a base station exceeds the receiving bandwidth of the IoT device, or the size of the random access response transmission block exceeds the processing capacity of the IoT device.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a random access method.
  • the terminal reports capability information
  • the network device recognizes the IoT device through the capability information, and then adopts the IoT device to adapt to the IoT device.
  • the scheduling method of the networked device for example, the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirements of the IoT device, thereby enabling the IoT device to work normally during the random access process.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the random access method is used in a terminal, which may be an Internet of Things device, and includes the following steps S11 and S12.
  • step S11 a dedicated resource for random access is determined.
  • the dedicated random access resource is a dedicated resource for random access initiated by the Internet of Things device.
  • the dedicated random access resources of the Internet of Things devices are different from the random access resources of ordinary terminals.
  • ordinary terminals are different from IoT devices.
  • the ordinary terminal can be understood as another terminal different from the Internet of Things device in the process of initiating random access.
  • step S12 a random access request is sent using a dedicated resource for random access.
  • the dedicated random access resource allocated to the Internet of Things device may be the time resource for sending the random access preamble, and the time resource for sending the random access preamble is different from the time resource for sending the random access preamble by an ordinary terminal.
  • the random access dedicated resources allocated to the Internet of Things device are subframe 8 and subframe 9, and the Internet of Things device sends a random access preamble in subframe 8 and subframe 9, and performs random access.
  • ordinary terminals send random access preambles in other subframes different from subframe 8 and subframe 9 for random access.
  • the dedicated random access resources allocated to the Internet of Things device may be random access preamble occupancy resources.
  • the resources occupied by the random access preamble of IoT devices are different from the resources occupied by the random access preamble of ordinary terminals.
  • the random access dedicated resources allocated to the Internet of Things devices are preambe1 to preambe10, and the Internet of Things devices occupy preambe1 to preambe10 for random access.
  • ordinary terminals occupy other preambes (preamble 11 to preamble 63) that are different from preambe 1 to preambe 10 for random access.
  • the aforementioned dedicated random access resource may be pre-configured by a network device and broadcast to the Internet of Things device by a system message.
  • the Internet of Things device determines the dedicated random access resource by acquiring the system message broadcast by the network device, and uses the dedicated random access resource to initiate a random access process.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the random access method can be applied to a network device, which may be a base station, for example, and includes the following steps S21 to S22.
  • step S21 a random access request is obtained.
  • the random access request obtained by the network device may be a random access request sent by an ordinary terminal, or a random access request sent by an IoT device.
  • the Internet of Things device uses a dedicated resource for random access to send a random access request
  • the dedicated resource for random access is a resource dedicated to the Internet of Things device for initiating random access.
  • the dedicated resource for random access is the time resource for sending the random access preamble, and the time resource for sending the random access preamble is different from the time resource for sending the random access preamble by an ordinary terminal.
  • the dedicated resources for random access are frequency resources, and the frequency resources are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals.
  • the dedicated resources for random access are the resources occupied by the random access preamble, and the resources occupied by the random access preamble are different from the resources occupied by the random access preamble of an ordinary terminal.
  • network devices can randomly access dedicated resources through system message broadcasting.
  • the Internet of Things device determines random access to dedicated resources through system messages.
  • the present disclosure mainly focuses on the description of the random access request sent by the IoT device, and the process of the random access request initiated by the ordinary terminal is not described in detail here.
  • step S22 according to the random access dedicated resources used by the random access request, it is determined that the random access request is sent by the IoT device.
  • the network device can determine whether the terminal that initiates the random access request is a normal terminal or an Internet of Things device according to the random access resource used by the received random access request.
  • the dedicated random access resource is a dedicated resource for the Internet of Things device, so if the random access resource used for sending the random access request is a dedicated resource for random access, it can be determined that the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device.
  • step S23 a random access response is sent, and the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirements of the IoT device.
  • the network device can determine whether to send a random access response that meets the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device according to the detection result of the Internet of Things device. This disclosure mainly focuses on the case where the network device recognizes the Internet of Things device.
  • the network device recognizes the Internet of Things device and can send a random access response to the Internet of Things device, and the physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) occupied by the physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) of the sent random access response is the control channel resource set (CORESET) Meet the capacity requirements of IoT devices.
  • the physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) occupied by the physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) of the sent random access response is the control channel resource set (CORESET) Meet the capacity requirements of IoT devices.
  • CORESET control channel resource set
  • the control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device may be that the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the Internet of Things device.
  • the control channel resource set meets the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device, or the transmission block size allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the Internet of Things device.
  • the network device may use the following methods when sending a random access response:
  • Method 1 Send a random access response based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal.
  • the random access response of the Internet of Things device and the random access response of the ordinary terminal can be multiplexed in the same physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the control channel resource set meets the capability requirements of the IoT device, for example, the allocated occupied bandwidth is less than or Equal to the bandwidth supported by the IoT device, or the PDSCH transmission block size is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the IoT device.
  • Method 2 Sending a random access response based on a physical downlink shared channel different from that of a normal terminal.
  • the random access response of the IoT device and the random access response of the ordinary terminal can be transmitted separately.
  • network devices need to configure control channel resource sets for IoT devices and ordinary terminals respectively, and the control channel resource sets allocated for IoT devices meet the capability requirements of IoT devices.
  • the PDCCH that schedules the random access of the IoT device in response to the PDSCH will be transmitted in the set of control channel resources allocated for the IoT device.
  • the set of control channel resources allocated to IoT devices in the present disclosure may be pre-configured by the system or broadcast through system messages.
  • the control channel resource collection configuration of the Internet of Things device can be configured in System Information Broadcast (SIB) 1.
  • SIB System Information Broadcast
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the random access method can be applied to a terminal, which can be an Internet of Things device, and includes the following steps S31 to S33.
  • step S31 a dedicated random access resource is determined, and the dedicated random access resource is a dedicated resource for the Internet of Things device to initiate random access.
  • step S32 a random access request is sent using the dedicated random access resource.
  • the control channel resource occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is a collection of pre-configured system.
  • the Internet of Things device can also determine the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response by receiving the system message broadcast by the network device.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response can be obtained through SIB1.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3, and the random access method involved in the present disclosure further includes the following step S34.
  • step S34 message 3 is transmitted using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • the random access response in this disclosure includes the scheduling information of message 3.
  • the network device configures the message 3 scheduling information that matches the capabilities of the IoT device for the IoT device.
  • the Internet of Things device sends message 3 using the scheduling information included in the random access response, and the network device receives Message 3 that the Internet of Things device sends using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • step S41 the network device broadcasts system information including random access dedicated resources.
  • step S41 is an optional step, and the dedicated random access resource may also be predefined in the IoT device.
  • the dedicated random access resource is the time resource for sending the random access preamble, and the time resource for sending the random access preamble is different from the time resource for the ordinary terminal to send the random access preamble; or the dedicated resource for random access is the frequency resource. It is different from the frequency resources occupied by ordinary terminals; or the dedicated resources for random access are the resources occupied by the random access preamble, which is different from the resources occupied by the random access preamble of ordinary terminals.
  • step S43 the Internet of Things device uses the dedicated random access resource to send a random access request, and the network device obtains the random access request.
  • step S44 the network device determines that the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device according to the random access dedicated resource used by the random access request.
  • step S45 the network device sends a random access response, and the Internet of Things device receives the random access response.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirements of the Internet of Things device.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the IoT device includes: the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the IoT device; and/or the size of the transmission block allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or Equal to the transmission block size supported by the IoT device.
  • the network device sends the random access response based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal. Or, on the other hand, the network device sends the random access response based on a physical downlink shared channel different from that of a normal terminal.
  • the random access response includes message 3 scheduling information.
  • the random access method of the present disclosure further includes the following step S46.
  • step S46 the Internet of Things device sends message 3 using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • the network device obtains the message 3 sent by the Internet of Things device using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a random access device.
  • the random access apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6A is a block diagram showing a random access device 600 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device 600 is applied to an Internet of Things device, and includes a determining unit 601 and a sending unit 602.
  • the determining unit 601 is configured to determine a dedicated resource for random access, and the dedicated resource for random access is a resource dedicated for random access initiated by the Internet of Things device.
  • the sending unit 602 is configured to send a random access request by using a dedicated resource for random access.
  • the dedicated resource for random access is the time resource for sending the random access preamble, and the time resource for sending the random access preamble is different from the time resource for sending the random access preamble by an ordinary terminal.
  • the dedicated resources for random access are frequency resources, and the frequency resources are different from those occupied by ordinary terminals.
  • the dedicated resources for random access are the resources occupied by the random access preamble, and the resources occupied by the random access preamble are different from the resources occupied by the random access preamble of an ordinary terminal.
  • ordinary terminals are terminals different from IoT devices.
  • the determining unit 601 is configured to determine a dedicated resource for random access based on a system message.
  • the device 600 further includes a receiving unit 603, as shown in FIG. 6B.
  • the receiving unit 603 is configured to receive the random access response after the sending unit 602 sends the random access request, and the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirements of the IoT device.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the IoT device includes: the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the IoT device; and/or the size of the transmission block allocated by the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the object The transmission block size supported by the networked device.
  • the receiving unit 603 is configured to receive the random access response based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal. Or the receiving unit 603 is configured to receive the random access response based on a physical downlink shared channel different from that of a normal terminal.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3
  • the sending unit 602 is further configured to send the message 3 using the scheduling information included in the random access response.
  • Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a random access device 700 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the apparatus 700 is applied to a network device, and includes an acquiring unit 701, a processing unit 702, and a sending unit 703.
  • the acquiring unit 701 is configured to acquire a random access request
  • the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device using a dedicated resource for random access
  • the dedicated resource for random access is a resource dedicated for the Internet of Things device to initiate random access.
  • the processing unit 702 is configured to determine that the random access request is sent by the Internet of Things device according to the random access dedicated resource used by the random access request.
  • the sending unit 703 is configured to send a random access response, and the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response meets the capability requirements of the IoT device.
  • ordinary terminals are terminals different from IoT devices.
  • the sending unit 703 is further configured to broadcast random access dedicated resources through system message broadcast.
  • control channel resource set meeting the capability requirements of the IoT device includes: the occupied bandwidth allocated in the control channel resource set is less than or equal to the bandwidth supported by the IoT device; and/or the transmission block allocated by the control channel resource set The size is less than or equal to the transmission block size supported by the IoT device.
  • the sending unit 703 is configured to send the random access response based on the same physical downlink shared channel as the ordinary terminal. Or the sending unit 703 is configured to send the random access response based on a physical downlink shared channel different from that of a normal terminal.
  • the set of control channel resources occupied by the physical downlink control channel of the random access response is pre-configured by the system or configured through system messages.
  • the random access response includes the scheduling information of the message 3, and the obtaining unit 701 is further configured to obtain the message 3 sent by using the scheduling information.
  • the processing component 802 generally controls the overall operations of the device 800, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations.
  • the processing component 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the foregoing method.
  • the processing component 802 may include one or more modules to facilitate the interaction between the processing component 802 and other components.
  • the processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimedia component 808 and the processing component 802.
  • the memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of the device 800. Examples of these data include instructions for any application or method operating on the device 800, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, etc.
  • the memory 804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable Programmable read only memory (EPROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), read only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • EPROM erasable Programmable read only memory
  • PROM programmable read only memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • magnetic memory flash memory
  • flash memory magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • the multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the device 800 and the user.
  • the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user.
  • the touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, sliding, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundary of a touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure related to the touch or slide operation.
  • the multimedia component 808 includes a front camera and/or a rear camera. When the device 800 is in an operation mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and/or the rear camera can receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and rear camera can be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.
  • the I/O interface 812 provides an interface between the processing component 802 and a peripheral interface module.
  • the peripheral interface module may be a keyboard, a click wheel, a button, and the like. These buttons may include but are not limited to: home button, volume button, start button, and lock button.
  • the sensor component 814 includes one or more sensors for providing the device 800 with various aspects of status assessment.
  • the sensor component 814 can detect the on/off status of the device 800 and the relative positioning of components.
  • the component is the display and keypad of the device 800.
  • the sensor component 814 can also detect the position change of the device 800 or a component of the device 800. , The presence or absence of contact between the user and the device 800, the orientation or acceleration/deceleration of the device 800, and the temperature change of the device 800.
  • the sensor component 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects when there is no physical contact.
  • the sensor component 814 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications.
  • the sensor component 814 may also include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor.
  • the communication component 816 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the device 800 and other devices.
  • the device 800 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or a combination thereof.
  • the communication component 816 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel.
  • the communication component 816 further includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication.
  • the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology and other technologies.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • IrDA infrared data association
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • Bluetooth Bluetooth
  • the apparatus 800 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processors (DSP), digital signal processing equipment (DSPD), programmable logic devices (PLD), field programmable A gate array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic components are implemented to implement the above methods.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • DSP digital signal processors
  • DSPD digital signal processing equipment
  • PLD programmable logic devices
  • FPGA field programmable A gate array
  • controller microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic components are implemented to implement the above methods.
  • the apparatus 800 is applied to an Internet of Things device, and includes: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor.
  • the processor is configured to execute the aforementioned random access method.
  • the device 900 may also include a power component 926 configured to perform power management of the device 900, a wired or wireless network interface 950 configured to connect the device 900 to a network, and an input output (I/O) interface 958.
  • the device 900 can operate based on an operating system stored in the memory 932, such as Windows ServerTM, Mac OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM or the like.
  • “plurality” refers to two or more, and other measure words are similar.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • the singular “a”, “said” and “the” are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

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Abstract

本公开是关于一种随机接入方法、装置及存储介质。在该随机接入方法中，确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。获取随机接入请求，所述随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送；根据所述随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定所述随机接入请求由物联网设备发送；发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求。通过本公开，使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。

Description

随机接入方法、装置及存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种随机接入方法、装置及存储介质。
背景技术
物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)技术在5G新无线(new radio，NR)系统中应用越来越广泛。
IoT技术中主要是针对低速率高时延场景的中低端IoT设备，然而5G NR通常是针对高速率低时延等高端终端设计。因此，IoT设备在5G NR系统中通信时经常会出现处理能力不足通信失败的情形。例如，在随机接入过程中，针对的都是相对高端的终端，这些终端带宽较宽，处理能力比较强。但是当低端IoT设备加入到5G NR系统时，网络设备(例如基站)在随机接入过程中无法识别到低端IoT设备，就可能会造成IoT设备无法工作。
故如何保证IoT设备在5G NR系统中的随机接入过程中正常工作是急需解决的问题之一。
发明内容
为克服相关技术中存在的问题，本公开提供一种随机接入方法、装置及存储介质。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供一种随机接入方法，该方法应用于物联网设备，包括：
确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
一种实施方式中，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，确定随机接入专用资源，包括：基于系统消息确定所述随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，发送随机接入请求后，所述方法还包括：
接收随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求。
又一种实施方式中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
又一种实施方式中，接收随机接入响应包括：
基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应；或者基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述方法还包括：
利用随机接入响应中包括的所述调度信息发送消息3。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供一种随机接入方法，该方法应用于网络设备，包括：获取随机接入请求，所述随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；根据所述随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定所述随机接入请求由物联网设备发送；发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求。
一种实施方式中，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，所述方法还包括：通过系统消息广播所述随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大 小。
又一种实施方式中，发送随机接入响应包括：
基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应；或者基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述方法还包括：获取利用所述调度信息发送的消息3。
根据本公开实施例第三方面提供一种随机接入装置，该装置应用于物联网设备，包括：
确定单元，被配置为确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；发送单元，被配置为利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
一种实施方式中，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，所述确定单元被配置为采用如下方式确定随机接入专用资源：
基于系统消息确定所述随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括接收单元，其中，所述接收单元被配置为：在所述发送单元发送随机接入请求后，接收随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求。
又一种实施方式中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
又一种实施方式中，所述接收单元被配置为采用如下方式接收随机接入响应：基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应；或者基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述发送单元还用于：利用随机接入响应中包括的所述调度信息发送消息3。
根据本公开实施例第四方面，提供一种随机接入装置，应用于网络设备，包括：
获取单元，被配置为获取随机接入请求，所述随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；处理单元，被配置为根据所述随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定所述随机接入请求由物联网设备发送；发送单元，被配置为发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求。
一种实施方式中，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，所述发送单元还被配置为：通过系统消息广播所述随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
又一种实施方式中，发送单元被配置为采用如下方式发送随机接入响应：
基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应；或者基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述获取单元还被配置为：获取利用所述调度信息发送的消息3。
根据本公开实施例第五方面，提供一种随机接入装置，该装置应用于物联网设备，包 括：
处理器；用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器。其中，所述处理器被配置为：执行上述第一方面或者第一方面任意一种实施方式中所述的随机接入方法。
根据本公开实施例第六方面，提供一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，当所述存储介质中的指令由物联网设备的处理器执行时，使得物联网设备能够执行上述第一方面或者第一方面任意一种实施方式中所述的随机接入方法。
根据本公开实施例第七方面，提供一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，应用于网络设备，包括：处理器；用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器。其中，所述处理器被配置为：执行上述第二方面或者第二方面任意一种实施方式中所述的随机接入方法。
根据本公开实施例第八方面，提供一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，当所述存储介质中的指令由网络设备的处理器执行时，使得网络设备能够执行上述第二方面或者第二方面任意一种实施方式中所述的随机接入方法。
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。通过该随机接入专用资源可识别出随机接入请求由物联网设备发送。发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求，进而使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本发明的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据部分示例性实施例示出的一种无线通信系统示意图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种随机接入方法的流程图。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种随机接入方法的流程图。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种随机接入方法的流程图。
图6A-图6B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入装置的框图。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种随机接入装置的框图。
图8是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种装置的框图。
图9是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种装置的框图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本公开提供一种随机接入方法，该方法可以应用于图1所示的无线通信系统中，如图1所示，终端通过诸如基站等网络设备接入到网络中，网络设备与核心网完成数据的回传和前向传递，以进行各种通信服务。
可以理解的是，无线通信系统，是一种提供无线通信功能的网络。无线通信系统可以采用不同的通信技术，例如码分多址(code division multiple access,CDMA)、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)、时分多址(time division multiple access，TDMA)、频分多址(frequency division multiple access，FDMA)、正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency-division multiple access，OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(single Carrier FDMA，SC-FDMA)、载波侦听多路访问/冲突避免(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)。根据不同网络的容量、速率、时延等因素可以将网络分为2G(英文：generation)网络、3G网络、4G网络或者未来演进网络，如5G网络，5G网络也可称为是新无线网络(New Radio，NR)。为了方便描述，本公开有时会将无线通信网络简称为网络或系统。本公开中网络可包括无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)以及核心网(Core Network，CN)。网络中包括有网络设备，该网络设备例如可以是无线接入网节点、核心网设备等。其中，无线接入网节点也可以称为基站。网络可以通过网络设备为终端提供网络服务，不同的运营商可以为终端提供不同的网络服务，也可以理解为不同的运营商对应有不同的运营商网络。
终端，也可以称为用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、移动台(Mobile Station，MS)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal，MT)等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，例如，终端可以是具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例为：智能手机(Mobile Phone)、口袋计算机(Pocket Personal Computer，PPC)、掌上电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、可穿戴设备、或者车载设备等。
终端在准备接入系统时，首先会获取同步广播块，用以获得同步和系统消息。然后在 所获取的同步广播块所对应的物理随机接入信道(Physical random access channel，PRACH)中发送随机接入前导(preamble)。并且，终端可以根据后续待发送的消息3(Msg.3)的大小选择对应的随机接入前导。比如当Msg.3的大小大于设定门限时，选择preamble 32～preamble 63，小于该设定门限时选择preamble0～preamble31中的某一个。当用户发送完preamble后，网络设备会给终端反馈随机接入响应。多个终端的随机接入响应可以复用在一个PDSCH中传输。
目前的随机接入过程针对的都是高端终端，高端终端带宽较宽，处理能力比较强。但是窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things，NB-IOT)和机器通信(Machine Type Communications，MTC)等物联网技术中的物联网设备主要针对的是低速率高时延场景，低速率高时延场景下物联网设备通常是满足低造价、低复杂度、一定程度覆盖性增强以及功率增强等要求。比如抄表，环境监测等场景。NB-IoT目前最大只能支持几百k的速率，MTC目前最大只能支持几M的速率。并且随着物联网业务的不断发展，比如视频监控，智能家居，可穿戴设备和工业传感监测等业务的普及。这些业务通常要求几十到100M的速率，同时对时延也有相对较高的要求。
当物联网设备终端加入到系统中，系统中的各终端处理能力不一样，如果仍然复用之前的随机接入响应，网络设备在随机接入过程中无法识别到低端的物联网设备，就可能会造成物联网设备无法工作。比如基站等网络设备所传输的随机接入响应超过了物联网设备的接收带宽，或者随机接入响应传输块的大小超过物联网设备处理能力等。
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法，在该随机接入方法中，终端上报能力信息，网络设备通过该能力信息识别出物联网设备，进而针对物联网设备采取适应于物联网设备的调度方法，例如随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求，进而使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。
本公开一示例性实施例中，可为物联网设备分配随机接入专用资源，该随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。终端通过该随机接入专用资源发起随机接入过程，网络设备通过该随机接入专用资源在随机接入过程中识别出物联网设备，进而针对物联网设备采取适应于物联网设备的调度方法，例如随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求，进而使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程图，如图1所示，该随机接入方法用于终端，该终端可以是物联网设备，包括以下步骤S11和步骤S12。
在步骤S11中，确定随机接入专用资源。
本公开中，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。
可以理解的是，物联网设备的随机接入专用资源不同于普通终端的随机接入资源。其中，普通终端是不同于物联网设备的终端。该普通终端可以理解为是发起随机接入过程中不同于物联网设备的其它终端。
在步骤S12中，利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
本公开中，物联网设备发起随机接入过程时，利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求，以便后续基站等网络设备可以通过随机接入请求所使用的随机接入专用资源识别出物联网设备，并针对物联网设备采取适应于物联网设备的调度方法，例如随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求，进而使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。
本公开以下将结合实际应用对上述涉及的随机接入专用资源进行说明。
一方面，为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源可以是发送随机接入前导的时间资源，且发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源。比如为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源为子帧8和子帧9，则物联网设备在子帧8和子帧9发送随机接入前导，并进行随机接入。而普通终端在不同于子帧8和子帧9的其他子帧发送随机接入前导进行随机接入。
另一方面，为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源可以是频率资源。为物联网设备分配的频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源。比如为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源为物理资源块(Physical Resource Block，PRB)0～PRB 5，则物联网设备在PRB0～PRB 5发送随机接入前导，并进行随机接入。而普通终端在不同于PRB0～PRB 5的其他PRB(PRB6～PRB 11)发送随机接入前导进行随机接入。
又一方面，为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源可以是随机接入前导占用资源。物联网设备随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。比如为物联网设备分配的随机接入专用资源为preambe1～preambe10，则物联网设备占用preambe1～preambe10进行随机接入。而普通终端占用不同于preambe1～preambe10的其他preambe(preamble11～preamble 63)进行随机接入。
本公开一示例性实施例中，上述涉及的随机接入专用资源可以是网络设备预先配置，并由系统消息广播给物联网设备。物联网设备通过获取网络设备广播的系统消息确定随机接入专用资源，并利用该随机接入专用资源发起随机接入过程。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法流程图。参阅图3所示，该随机接入方法可应用于网络设备，该网络设备例如可以是基站，包括以下步骤S21至步骤S22。
在步骤S21中，获取随机接入请求。
在随机接入过程中，网络设备获取到的随机接入请求可以是普通终端发送的随机接入请求，也可以是物联网设备发送的随机接入请求。
本公开中物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。其中，随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源。或者随机接入专用资源为频率资源，频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源。或者随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
本公开中网络设备可通过系统消息广播随机接入专用资源。物联网设备通过系统消息确定随机接入专用资源。
本公开中主要针对物联网设备发送随机接入请求进行说明，对于普通终端发起随机接入请求过程在此不详述。
在步骤S22中，根据随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定随机接入请求由物联网设备发送。
本公开中，网络设备可根据接收到的随机接入请求使用的随机接入资源判断发起随机接入请求的终端是普通终端还是物联网设备。随机接入专用资源为物联网设备专用的资源，故若发送随机接入请求使用的随机接入资源为随机接入专用资源，则可确定该随机接入请求由物联网设备发送。
在步骤S23中，发送随机接入响应，该随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求。
本公开中，网络设备可根据物联网设备检测结果确定是否发送满足物联网设备的能力需求的随机接入响应。本公开中主要针对网络设备识别出物联网设备的情况进行说明。
本公开中网络设备识别出物联网设备，可针对物联网设备发送随机接入响应，发送的随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)所占用控制信道资源集合(CORESET)满足物联网设备的能力需求。
一方面，控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求可以是控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽。另一方面，控制信道资源集合满足 物联网设备能力需求也可以是控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
本公开中网络设备在发送随机接入响应时可采用如下方式：
方式一：基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送随机接入响应。
本公开中可将物联网设备的随机接入响应和普通终端的随机接入响应复用在相同的物理下行链路共享信道(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，PDSCH)中。此时为了满足物联网设备能力需求，网络设备在配置随机接入响应PDCCH所在的控制信道资源集合(CORESET)时，使控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求，例如所分配的占用带宽小于或等于物联网设备所支持的带宽，或者PDSCH传输块的大小小于或等于物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
方式二：基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送随机接入响应。
本公开中可将物联网设备的随机接入响应和普通终端的随机接入响应分开传输。此时为了满足物联网设备能力需求，网络设备需要为物联网设备和普通终端分别配置控制信道资源集合，并且为物联网设备分配的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求。调度物联网设备的随机接入响应PDSCH的PDCCH会在为物联网设备分配的控制信道资源集合中传输。
本公开中通过单独为物联网设备配置控制信道资源集合的方式，可以减少调度物联网设备对普通终端调度的限制。
一示例性实施例中，本公开中为物联网设备分配的控制信道资源集合，可以是系统预配置或者通过系统消息广播。例如，本公开中可在系统信息广播(System Information Broadcast，SIB)1中进行物联网设备的控制信道资源集合配置。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法流程图。参阅图4所示，该随机接入方法可应用于终端，该终端可以是物联网设备，包括以下步骤S31至步骤S33。
在步骤S31中，确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。
在步骤S32中，利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
在步骤S33中，接收随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求。
其中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输 块的大小小于或者等于物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
一种实施方式中，接收随机接入响应包括：基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。或者基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。
其中，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合了由系统预配置。或者物联网设备也可通过接收网络设备广播的系统消息确定随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合。例如可通过SIB1获取随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合。
另一种实施方式中，随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，本公开涉及的随机接入方法还包括如下步骤S34。
在步骤S34中，利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送消息3。
本公开中随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息。网络设备针对物联网设备配置匹配物联网设备能力的消息3调度信息。物联网设备利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送消息3，网络设备接收物联网设备利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送的消息3。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法流程图。参阅图5所示，该随机接入方法为物联网设备与网络设备之间交互的方法示意图，参阅图5所示，包括步骤S41至步骤S46。
在步骤S41中，网络设备广播包括随机接入专用资源的系统信息。
可以理解的是，步骤S41为可选步骤，随机接入专用资源也可以是预先定义在物联网设备中的。
在步骤S42中，物联网设备确定随机接入专用资源。
其中，随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者随机接入专用资源为频率资源，频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
在步骤S43中，物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求，网络设备获取随机接入请求。
在步骤S44中，网络设备根据随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定随机接入请求由物联网设备发送。
在步骤S45中，网络设备发送随机接入响应，物联网设备接收随机接入响应，该随 机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求。
其中，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
一方面，网络设备基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。或者，另一方面，网络设备基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。
一示例性实施例中，本公开中为物联网设备分配的控制信道资源集合，可以是系统预配置或者通过系统消息广播。例如，本公开中在系统信息广播(System Information Broadcast，SIB)1中进行物联网设备的控制信道资源集合配置。
进一步的，随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息。本公开的随机接入方法还包括如下步骤S46。
在步骤S46中，物联网设备利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送消息3。网络设备获取物联网设备利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送的消息3。
本公开提供的随机接入方法，物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。网络设备通过该随机接入专用资源可识别出随机接入请求由物联网设备发送，并发送随机接入响应，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求，进而使得物联网设备在随机接入过程中正常工作。
基于相同的构思，本公开实施例还提供一种随机接入装置。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例提供的随机接入装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。结合本公开实施例中所公开的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本公开实施例能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同的方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本公开实施例的技术方案的范围。
图6A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入装置600框图。参照图6A，该装置600应用于物联网设备，包括确定单元601和发送单元602。其中，确定单元601，被配置为确定随机接入专用资源，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。发送单元602，被配置为利用随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
一种实施方式中，随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源。或者随机接入专用资源为频率资源，频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源。或者随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，普通终端为不同于物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，确定单元601被配置为基于系统消息确定随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，装置600还包括接收单元603，如图6B所示。其中，接收单元603被配置为：在发送单元602发送随机接入请求后，接收随机接入响应，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求。
其中，控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求包括：控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
又一种实施方式中，接收单元603被配置为基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收随机接入响应。或者接收单元603被配置为基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，发送单元602还用于：利用随机接入响应中包括的调度信息发送消息3。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入装置700框图。参照图7，该装置700应用于网络设备，包括获取单元701、处理单元702和发送单元703。其中，获取单元701，被配置为获取随机接入请求，随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送，随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源。处理单元702，被配置为根据随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定随机接入请求由物联网设备发送。发送单元703，被配置为发送随机接入响应，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备的能力需求。
一种实施方式中，随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者随机接入专用资源为频率资源，频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源。
其中，普通终端为不同于物联网设备的终端。
另一种实施方式中，发送单元703还被配置为：通过系统消息广播随机接入专用资源。
又一种实施方式中，控制信道资源集合满足物联网设备能力需求包括：控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
又一种实施方式中，发送单元703被配置为基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送随机接入响应。或者发送单元703被配置为基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送随机接入响应。
又一种实施方式中，随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
又一种实施方式中，随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，获取单元701还被配置为：获取利用调度信息发送的消息3。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
图8是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入装置800的框图。例如，装置800可以是移动电话，计算机，数字广播终端，消息收发设备，游戏控制台，平板设备，医疗设备，健身设备，个人数字助理等。
参照图8，装置800可以包括以下一个或多个组件：处理组件802，存储器804，电力组件806，多媒体组件808，音频组件810，输入/输出(I/O)的接口812，传感器组件814，以及通信组件816。
处理组件802通常控制装置800的整体操作，诸如与显示，电话呼叫，数据通信，相机操作和记录操作相关联的操作。处理组件802可以包括一个或多个处理器820来执行指令，以完成上述的方法的全部或部分步骤。此外，处理组件802可以包括一个或多个模块，便于处理组件802和其他组件之间的交互。例如，处理组件802可以包括多媒体模块，以方便多媒体组件808和处理组件802之间的交互。
存储器804被配置为存储各种类型的数据以支持在设备800的操作。这些数据的示例包括用于在装置800上操作的任何应用程序或方法的指令，联系人数据，电话簿数据，消息，图片，视频等。存储器804可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，只读存储器(ROM)， 磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。
电力组件806为装置800的各种组件提供电力。电力组件806可以包括电源管理系统，一个或多个电源，及其他与为装置800生成、管理和分配电力相关联的组件。
多媒体组件808包括在所述装置800和用户之间的提供一个输出接口的屏幕。在一些实施例中，屏幕可以包括液晶显示器(LCD)和触摸面板(TP)。如果屏幕包括触摸面板，屏幕可以被实现为触摸屏，以接收来自用户的输入信号。触摸面板包括一个或多个触摸传感器以感测触摸、滑动和触摸面板上的手势。所述触摸传感器可以不仅感测触摸或滑动动作的边界，而且还检测与所述触摸或滑动操作相关的持续时间和压力。在一些实施例中，多媒体组件808包括一个前置摄像头和/或后置摄像头。当设备800处于操作模式，如拍摄模式或视频模式时，前置摄像头和/或后置摄像头可以接收外部的多媒体数据。每个前置摄像头和后置摄像头可以是一个固定的光学透镜系统或具有焦距和光学变焦能力。
音频组件810被配置为输出和/或输入音频信号。例如，音频组件810包括一个麦克风(MIC)，当装置800处于操作模式，如呼叫模式、记录模式和语音识别模式时，麦克风被配置为接收外部音频信号。所接收的音频信号可以被进一步存储在存储器804或经由通信组件816发送。在一些实施例中，音频组件810还包括一个扬声器，用于输出音频信号。
I/O接口812为处理组件802和外围接口模块之间提供接口，上述外围接口模块可以是键盘，点击轮，按钮等。这些按钮可包括但不限于：主页按钮、音量按钮、启动按钮和锁定按钮。
传感器组件814包括一个或多个传感器，用于为装置800提供各个方面的状态评估。例如，传感器组件814可以检测到设备800的打开/关闭状态，组件的相对定位，例如所述组件为装置800的显示器和小键盘，传感器组件814还可以检测装置800或装置800一个组件的位置改变，用户与装置800接触的存在或不存在，装置800方位或加速/减速和装置800的温度变化。传感器组件814可以包括接近传感器，被配置用来在没有任何的物理接触时检测附近物体的存在。传感器组件814还可以包括光传感器，如CMOS或CCD图像传感器，用于在成像应用中使用。在一些实施例中，该传感器组件814还可以包括加速度传感器，陀螺仪传感器，磁传感器，压力传感器或温度传感器。
通信组件816被配置为便于装置800和其他设备之间有线或无线方式的通信。装置800可以接入基于通信标准的无线网络，如WiFi，2G或3G，或它们的组合。在一个示例性实施例中，通信组件816经由广播信道接收来自外部广播管理系统的广播信号或广播相 关信息。在一个示例性实施例中，所述通信组件816还包括近场通信(NFC)模块，以促进短程通信。例如，在NFC模块可基于射频识别(RFID)技术，红外数据协会(IrDA)技术，超宽带(UWB)技术，蓝牙(BT)技术和其他技术来实现。
在示例性实施例中，装置800可以被一个或多个应用专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子元件实现，用于执行上述方法。
在示例性实施例中，装置800应用于物联网设备，包括：处理器；用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器。其中，所述处理器被配置为执行上述随机接入方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种包括指令的非临时性计算机可读存储介质，例如包括指令的存储器804，上述指令可由装置800的处理器820执行以完成上述方法。例如，所述非临时性计算机可读存储介质可以是ROM、随机存取存储器(RAM)、CD-ROM、磁带、软盘和光数据存储设备等。
图9是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入装置900的框图。例如，装置900可以被提供为一网络设备，例如基站。参照图9，装置900包括处理组件922，其进一步包括一个或多个处理器，以及由存储器932所代表的存储器资源，用于存储可由处理组件922的执行的指令，例如应用程序。存储器932中存储的应用程序可以包括一个或一个以上的每一个对应于一组指令的模块。此外，处理组件922被配置为执行指令，以执行上述方法。
装置900还可以包括一个电源组件926被配置为执行装置900的电源管理，一个有线或无线网络接口950被配置为将装置900连接到网络，和一个输入输出(I/O)接口958。装置900可以操作基于存储在存储器932的操作系统，例如Windows ServerTM，Mac OS XTM，UnixTM,LinuxTM，FreeBSDTM或类似。
可以理解的是，本公开中““网络”和“系统”有时会交替使用，但本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。
进一步可以理解的是，本公开中“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例中尽管在附图中以特定的顺序描述操作，但是不应将其理解为要求按照所示的特定顺序或是串行顺序来执行这些操作，或是要求执行全部所示的操作以得到期望的结果。在特定环境中，多任务和并行处理可能是有利的。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，应用于物联网设备，包括：
    确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；
    利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源；
    其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，确定随机接入专用资源，包括：
    基于系统消息确定所述随机接入专用资源。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，发送随机接入请求后，所述方法还包括：
    接收随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
    所述控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或
    所述控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，接收随机接入响应包括：
    基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应；或者
    基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7中任意一项所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述方法还包括：
    利用随机接入响应中包括的所述调度信息发送消息3。
  9. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，应用于网络设备，包括：
    获取随机接入请求，所述随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；
    根据所述随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定所述随机接入请求由物联网设备发送；
    发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源；
    其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通过系统消息广播所述随机接入专用资源。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
    控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或
    控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，发送随机接入响应包括：
    基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应；或者
    基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的随机接入方法，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述方法还包括：
    获取利用所述调度信息发送的消息3。
  16. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，应用于物联网设备，包括：
    确定单元，被配置为确定随机接入专用资源，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；
    发送单元，被配置为利用所述随机接入专用资源发送随机接入请求。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源；
    其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元被配置为采用如下方式确定随机接入专用资源：
    基于系统消息确定所述随机接入专用资源。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括接收单元，其中，所述接收单元被配置为：
    在所述发送单元发送随机接入请求后，接收随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
    控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或
    控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块 大小。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述接收单元被配置为采用如下方式接收随机接入响应：
    基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应；或者
    基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道接收所述随机接入响应。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
  23. 根据权利要求19至22中任意一项所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述发送单元还用于：
    利用随机接入响应中包括的所述调度信息发送消息3。
  24. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，应用于网络设备，包括：
    获取单元，被配置为获取随机接入请求，所述随机接入请求由物联网设备利用随机接入专用资源发送，所述随机接入专用资源为物联网设备发起随机接入专用的资源；
    处理单元，被配置为根据所述随机接入请求使用的随机接入专用资源，确定所述随机接入请求由物联网设备发送；
    发送单元，被配置为发送随机接入响应，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用的控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备的能力需求。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入专用资源为发送随机接入前导的时间资源，所述发送随机接入前导的时间资源不同于普通终端发送随机接入前导的时间资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为频率资源，所述频率资源不同于普通终端占用的频率资源；或者
    所述随机接入专用资源为随机接入前导占用资源，所述随机接入前导占用资源不同于普通终端随机接入前导占用资源；
    其中，所述普通终端为不同于所述物联网设备的终端。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述发送单元还被配置为：
    通过系统消息广播所述随机接入专用资源。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，控制信道资源集合满足所述物联网设备能力需求包括：
    控制信道资源集合中分配的占用带宽小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的带宽；和/或
    控制信道资源集合分配的传输块的大小小于或者等于所述物联网设备支持的传输块大小。
  28. 根据权利要求24所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述发送单元被配置为采用如下方式发送随机接入响应：
    基于与普通终端相同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应；或者
    基于与普通终端不同的物理下行共享信道发送所述随机接入响应。
  29. 根据权利要求24所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应的物理下行控制信道所占用控制信道资源集合由系统预配置，或者通过系统消息配置。
  30. 根据权利要求24所述的随机接入装置，其特征在于，所述随机接入响应中包括消息3的调度信息，所述获取单元还被配置为：
    获取利用所述调度信息发送的消息3。
  31. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，应用于物联网设备，包括：
    处理器；
    用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为：执行权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的随机接入方法。
  32. 一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，当所述存储介质中的指令由物联网设备的处理器执行时，使得物联网设备能够执行权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的随机接入方法。
  33. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，应用于网络设备，包括：
    处理器；
    用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为：执行权利要求9至15中任意一项所述的随机接入方法。
  34. 一种非临时性计算机可读存储介质，当所述存储介质中的指令由网络设备的处理器执行时，使得网络设备能够执行权利要求9至15中任意一项所述的随机接入方法。
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