WO2020251170A1 - Technique de transmission de liaison montante par communication optique sans fil dans un système lan sans fil - Google Patents

Technique de transmission de liaison montante par communication optique sans fil dans un système lan sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020251170A1
WO2020251170A1 PCT/KR2020/006059 KR2020006059W WO2020251170A1 WO 2020251170 A1 WO2020251170 A1 WO 2020251170A1 KR 2020006059 W KR2020006059 W KR 2020006059W WO 2020251170 A1 WO2020251170 A1 WO 2020251170A1
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sta
frame
transmitting
receiving
rts
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PCT/KR2020/006059
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김서욱
김정기
최진수
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present specification relates to a technique for transmitting and receiving data in wireless communication, and more particularly, to an uplink transmission technique through wireless optical communication in a wireless LAN system.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • MIMO downlink multi-user multiple input, multiple output
  • the new communication standard may be a Light Communication (LC) standard (ie, IEEE 802.11bb standard) that is currently being discussed.
  • the LC standard may be a standard for a wireless LAN system operating in the visible and infrared bands (ie, 380 nm to 5,000 nm wavelength) of 60 THz to 789 THz.
  • the minimum transmission rate is 10 Mbps and the maximum transmission rate can be set to at least 5 Gbps.
  • a wireless communication system may be required in consideration of a THz band of 300 GHz or higher, or a band in the visible and infrared regions.
  • a method performed in a receiving STA of a wireless local area network (WLAN) system is to receive information about a section for transmitting uplink data, and based on an RTS frame and a CTS frame within the section, It may include a method of transmitting uplink data.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data based on the RTS/CTS frame. Accordingly, according to an embodiment of the present specification, collision between frames may be prevented and latency may be reduced within the entire BSS. According to an embodiment of the present specification, the transmitting STA and the receiving STA may efficiently perform communication in a wireless optical communication band.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitting device and/or a receiving device of the present specification.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement of resource units (RU) used in a 20 MHz band.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used in a 40 MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • RU 7 is a diagram showing the arrangement of resource units (RU) used in the 80MHz band.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a trigger frame.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a subfield included in a per user information field.
  • 15 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 2.4 GHz band.
  • 16 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 5 GHz band.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 6 GHz band.
  • 19 shows a modified example of the transmitting device and/or the receiving device of the present specification.
  • 20 is a diagram for describing a first physical layer.
  • 21 shows an example of a PPDU of the first type.
  • FIG. 22 shows an example of a second type of PPDU.
  • 23 is a diagram for describing an example of wireless optical communication.
  • 24 is a diagram for describing an example in which a collision occurs between STAs connected to an AP.
  • 25 is a diagram for explaining a method for preventing collision in uplink transmission.
  • 26 shows an example of an operation of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • FIG. 27 shows another example of operations of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • FIG. 28 shows another example of operations of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • 29 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a transmitting STA.
  • FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a receiving STA.
  • 31 is a flowchart for explaining another operation of the transmitting STA.
  • 32 is a flowchart for explaining another operation of the receiving STA.
  • a or B (A or B) may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”.
  • a or B (A or B)” may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”.
  • A, B or C (A, B or C) refers to “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “A, B, and any combination of C ( It can mean any combination of A, B and C)”.
  • a forward slash (/) or comma used in the present specification may mean “and/or”.
  • A/B may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • A, B, C may mean “A, B or C”.
  • At least one of A and B may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” means “at least one It can be interpreted the same as "at least one of A and B”.
  • At least one of A, B and C means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “A, B and C Can mean any combination of A, B and C”.
  • at least one of A, B or C or “at least one of A, B and/or C” means It can mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
  • control information EHT-Signal
  • EHT-Signal when displayed as “control information (EHT-Signal)”, “EHT-Signal” may be proposed as an example of “control information”.
  • control information of the present specification is not limited to “EHT-Signal”, and “EHT-Signal” may be suggested as an example of “control information”.
  • EHT-signal even when displayed as “control information (ie, EHT-signal)”, “EHT-signal” may be proposed as an example of “control information”.
  • the following example of the present specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems.
  • the following example of the present specification may be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • this specification can be applied to the IEEE 802.11a/g/n/ac standard or the IEEE 802.11ax standard.
  • this specification can be applied to the newly proposed EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be standard.
  • an example of the present specification may be applied to the EHT standard or to a new wireless LAN standard that is improved (enhance) IEEE 802.11be.
  • an example of the present specification may be applied to a mobile communication system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • an example of the present specification may be applied to a communication system of 5G NR standard based on 3GPP standard.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitting device and/or a receiving device of the present specification.
  • the example of FIG. 1 may perform various technical features described below. 1 is related to at least one STA (station).
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification include a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), It may be referred to by various names such as a mobile station (MS), a mobile subscriber unit, or simply a user.
  • STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may be referred to by various names such as a network, a base station, a Node-B, an access point (AP), a repeater, a router, and a relay.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may be referred to by various names such as a receiving device, a transmitting device, a receiving STA, a transmitting STA, a receiving device, and a transmitting device.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 may perform an access point (AP) role or a non-AP role. That is, the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may perform AP and/or non-AP functions.
  • the AP may also be indicated as an AP STA.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may support various communication standards other than the IEEE 802.11 standard together.
  • communication standards eg, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards
  • the STA of the present specification may be implemented with various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, and a personal computer.
  • the STA of the present specification may support communication for various communication services such as voice call, video call, data communication, and autonomous driving (Self-Driving, Autonomous-Driving).
  • the STAs 110 and 120 may include a medium access control (MAC) and a physical layer interface for a wireless medium according to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the STAs 110 and 120 will be described on the basis of the sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 as follows.
  • the first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113.
  • the illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two or more blocks/functions may be implemented through a single chip.
  • the transceiver 113 of the first STA performs a signal transmission/reception operation.
  • IEEE 802.11 packets eg, IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc.
  • IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc. can be transmitted and received.
  • the first STA 110 may perform an intended operation of the AP.
  • the processor 111 of the AP may receive a signal through the transceiver 113, process a received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission.
  • the memory 112 of the AP may store a signal (ie, a received signal) received through the transceiver 113, and may store a signal (ie, a transmission signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.
  • the second STA 120 may perform an intended operation of a non-AP STA.
  • the non-AP transceiver 123 performs a signal transmission/reception operation.
  • IEEE 802.11 packets eg, IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc.
  • IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc. can be transmitted and received.
  • the processor 121 of the non-AP STA may receive a signal through the transceiver 123, process a received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission.
  • the memory 122 of the non-AP STA may store a signal (ie, a reception signal) received through the transceiver 123 and may store a signal (ie, a transmission signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.
  • an operation of a device indicated as an AP may be performed by the first STA 110 or the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device indicated as an AP is controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110 and is controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110.
  • a related signal may be transmitted or received through the controlled transceiver 113.
  • control information related to the operation of the AP or a transmission/reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.
  • the operation of the device indicated as an AP is controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120 and controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120.
  • a related signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 being used.
  • control information related to the operation of the AP or transmission/reception signals of the AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 110.
  • an operation of a device indicated as non-AP may be performed by the first STA 110 or the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device marked as non-AP is controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120 and the processor of the second STA 120 ( A related signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by 121).
  • control information related to the operation of the non-AP or transmission/reception signals of the AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device indicated as non-AP is controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110 and the processor of the first STA 120 ( A related signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by 111).
  • control information related to the operation of the non-AP or transmission/reception signals of the AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.
  • (transmit/receive) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmit/receive) Terminal, (transmit/receive) device , (Transmission/reception) apparatus, a device called a network, etc. may refer to the STAs 110 and 120 of FIG. 1.
  • an operation in which various STAs transmit and receive signals may be performed by the transceivers 113 and 123 of FIG. 1.
  • an operation in which various STAs generate transmission/reception signals or perform data processing or calculation in advance for transmission/reception signals may be performed by the processors 111 and 121 of FIG. 1.
  • an example of an operation of generating a transmission/reception signal or performing data processing or calculation in advance for a transmission/reception signal is: 1) Determining bit information of a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in the PPDU.
  • Time resources or frequency resources eg, subcarrier resources
  • SIG, STF, LTF, Data Time resources or frequency resources
  • Determination/configuration/retrieve operation 3) A specific sequence used for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) fields included in the PPDU (e.g., pilot sequence, STF/LTF sequence, applied to SIG)
  • An operation of determining/configuring/obtaining an extra sequence 4) a power control operation and/or a power saving operation applied to the STA, 5) an operation related to determination/acquisition/configuration/calculation/decoding/encoding of an ACK signal, etc.
  • various information used by various STAs for determination/acquisition/configuration/calculation/decoding/encoding of transmission/reception signals (for example, information related to fields/subfields/control fields/parameters/power, etc.) It may be stored in the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1.
  • the device/STA of the sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 described above may be modified as shown in the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification will be described based on the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1.
  • the transceivers 113 and 123 illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same functions as the transceiver illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1.
  • the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122.
  • the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 are the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. ) And can perform the same function.
  • Mobile Subscriber Unit user, user STA, network, base station, Node-B, AP (Access Point), repeater, router, relay, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting
  • the STA, the receiving device, the transmitting device, the receiving Apparatus, and/or the transmitting Apparatus means the STAs 110 and 120 shown in sub-drawings (a)/(b) of FIG. 1, or the sub-drawing of FIG. 1 (b It may mean the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in ).
  • the technical features of the present specification may be performed on the STAs 110 and 120 shown in sub-drawings (a)/(b) of FIG. 1, and the processing chip shown in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 114, 124).
  • the technical feature of the transmitting STA transmitting the control signal is that the control signal generated by the processors 111 and 121 shown in sub-drawings (a)/(b) of FIG. 1 is sub-drawing (a) of FIG. It can be understood as a technical feature transmitted through the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in )/(b).
  • the technical feature in which the transmitting STA transmits the control signal is a technical feature in which a control signal to be transmitted to the transceivers 113 and 123 is generated from the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1. Can be understood.
  • the technical characteristic that the receiving STA receives the control signal may be understood as a technical characteristic in which the control signal is received by the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1.
  • the technical feature that the receiving STA receives the control signal is that the control signal received by the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 is the processor shown in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 111, 121) can be understood as a technical feature obtained.
  • the technical feature that the receiving STA receives the control signal is that the control signal received by the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 is a processing chip shown in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. It can be understood as a technical feature obtained by (114, 124).
  • software codes 115 and 125 may be included in the memories 112 and 122.
  • the software codes 115 and 125 may include instructions for controlling the operations of the processors 111 and 121.
  • the software codes 115 and 125 may be included in various programming languages.
  • the processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 illustrated in FIG. 1 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and/or a data processing device.
  • the processor may be an application processor (AP).
  • the processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 shown in FIG. 1 are a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator). and demodulator).
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • CPU central processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • modem modulator
  • demodulator demodulator
  • SNAPDRAGONTM series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOSTM series processors manufactured by Samsung®, and It may be an A series processor, a HELIOTM series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOMTM series processor manufactured by INTEL®, or an enhanced processor thereof.
  • uplink may mean a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and an uplink PPDU/packet/signal may be transmitted through the uplink.
  • the downlink may mean a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and a downlink PPDU/packet/signal may be transmitted through the downlink.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of an infrastructure BSS (basic service set) of IEEE (institute of electrical and electronic engineers) 802.11.
  • BSS basic service set
  • IEEE institute of electrical and electronic engineers
  • the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs 200 and 205 (hereinafter, BSS).
  • BSS (200, 205) is a set of APs and STAs such as an access point (AP) 225 and STA1 (Station, 200-1) that can communicate with each other by successfully synchronizing, and does not indicate a specific area.
  • the BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that can be coupled to one AP 230.
  • the BSS may include at least one STA, APs 225 and 230 providing a distribution service, and a distribution system (DS) 210 connecting a plurality of APs.
  • STA STA
  • APs 225 and 230 providing a distribution service
  • DS distribution system
  • the distributed system 210 may implement an extended service set (ESS) 240, which is an extended service set, by connecting several BSSs 200 and 205.
  • ESS 240 may be used as a term indicating one network formed by connecting one or several APs through the distributed system 210.
  • APs included in one ESS 240 may have the same service set identification (SSID).
  • the portal 220 may serve as a bridge for connecting a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) and another network (eg, 802.X).
  • IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11
  • 802.X another network
  • a network between the APs 225 and 230 and a network between the APs 225 and 230 and the STAs 200-1, 205-1 and 205-2 may be implemented.
  • a network that performs communication by configuring a network even between STAs without the APs 225 and 230 is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).
  • FIG. 2 The lower part of FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing IBSS.
  • the IBSS is a BSS operating in an ad-hoc mode. Since IBSS does not include APs, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in the IBSS, the STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In IBSS, all STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) can be configured as mobile STAs, and access to the distributed system is not allowed, so a self-contained network. network).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.
  • the STA may perform a network discovery operation.
  • the network discovery operation may include a scanning operation of the STA. That is, in order for the STA to access the network, it must find a network that can participate. The STA must identify a compatible network before participating in the wireless network. The process of identifying a network existing in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.
  • the STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to search for an AP present in the vicinity while moving channels and waits for a response thereto.
  • the responder transmits a probe response frame in response to the probe request frame to the STA that has transmitted the probe request frame.
  • the responder may be an STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned.
  • BSS since the AP transmits a beacon frame, the AP becomes a responder, and in IBSS, because STAs in the IBSS rotate and transmit beacon frames, the responder is not constant.
  • an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 stores BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and stores the next channel (e.g., 2 Channel) and scanning (that is, probe request/response transmission/reception on channel 2) in the same manner.
  • the next channel e.g., 2 Channel
  • scanning that is, probe request/response transmission/reception on channel 2
  • the scanning operation may be performed in a passive scanning method.
  • An STA performing scanning based on passive scanning may wait for a beacon frame while moving channels.
  • the beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11, and is periodically transmitted so that an STA that notifies the existence of a wireless network and performs scanning can find a wireless network and participate in the wireless network.
  • the AP performs a role of periodically transmitting a beacon frame, and in IBSS, the STAs in the IBSS rotate and transmit the beacon frame.
  • the STA performing the scanning receives the beacon frame, it stores information on the BSS included in the beacon frame, moves to another channel, and records the beacon frame information in each channel.
  • the STA receiving the beacon frame may store BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, move to the next channel, and perform scanning in the next channel in the same manner.
  • the STA discovering the network may perform an authentication process through step SS320.
  • This authentication process may be referred to as a first authentication process in order to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation of step S340 to be described later.
  • the authentication process of S320 may include a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and in response thereto, the AP transmits an authentication response frame to the STA.
  • An authentication frame used for authentication request/response corresponds to a management frame.
  • the authentication frame consists of an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a robust security network (RSN), and a finite cycle group. Group), etc. can be included.
  • RSN robust security network
  • the STA may transmit an authentication request frame to the AP.
  • the AP may determine whether to allow authentication for the corresponding STA based on the information included in the received authentication request frame.
  • the AP may provide the result of the authentication process to the STA through the authentication response frame.
  • the STA that has been successfully authenticated may perform a connection process based on step S330.
  • the association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response thereto, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA.
  • the connection request frame includes information related to various capabilities, beacon listening intervals, service set identifiers (SSIDs), supported rates, supported channels, RSNs, and mobility domains. , Supported operating classes, TIM broadcast request, interworking service capability, and the like may be included.
  • connection response frame includes information related to various capabilities, status codes, association IDs (AIDs), support rates, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter sets, Received Channel Power Indicators (RCPI), Received Signal to Noise (RSNI). Indicator), mobility domain, timeout interval (association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameter, TIM broadcast response, QoS map, etc. may be included.
  • AIDs association IDs
  • EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
  • RCPI Received Channel Power Indicators
  • RSNI Received Signal to Noise
  • Indicator mobility domain
  • timeout interval association comeback time
  • overlapping BSS scan parameter TIM broadcast response
  • QoS map etc.
  • step S340 the STA may perform a security setup process.
  • the security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of performing a private key setup through 4-way handshaking through an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame. .
  • EAPOL Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard.
  • PPDUs PHY protocol data units
  • LTF and STF fields included training signals
  • SIG-A and SIG-B included control information for the receiving station
  • the data field included user data corresponding to PSDU (MAC PDU/Aggregated MAC PDU). Included.
  • FIG. 4 also includes an example of an HE PPDU of the IEEE 802.11ax standard.
  • the HE PPDU according to FIG. 4 is an example of a PPDU for multiple users, and HE-SIG-B is included only for multiple users, and the corresponding HE-SIG-B may be omitted in the PPDU for a single user.
  • the HE-PPDU for multiple users is L-STF (legacy-short training field), L-LTF (legacy-long training field), L-SIG (legacy-signal), HE-SIG-A (high efficiency-signal A), HE-SIG-B (high efficiency-signal-B), HE-STF (high efficiency-short training field), HE-LTF (high efficiency-long training field) , A data field (or MAC payload), and a packet extension (PE) field.
  • Each field may be transmitted during the illustrated time period (ie, 4 or 8 ⁇ s, etc.).
  • the resource unit may include a plurality of subcarriers (or tones).
  • the resource unit may be used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on the OFDMA technique. Also, even when a signal is transmitted to one STA, a resource unit may be defined.
  • the resource unit can be used for STF, LTF, data fields, and the like.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement of resource units (RU) used in a 20 MHz band.
  • resource units corresponding to different numbers of tones (ie, subcarriers) may be used to configure some fields of the HE-PPDU.
  • resources may be allocated in units of RU shown for HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields.
  • 26-units ie, units corresponding to 26 tones
  • 6 tones may be used as a guard band
  • 5 tones may be used as the guard band.
  • 7 DC tones are inserted in the center band, that is, the DC band
  • 26-units corresponding to 13 tones may exist on the left and right sides of the DC band.
  • 26-units, 52-units, and 106-units may be allocated to other bands.
  • Each unit can be assigned for a receiving station, i.e. a user.
  • the RU arrangement of FIG. 5 is utilized not only in a situation for a plurality of users (MU), but also in a situation for a single user (SU).
  • MU plurality of users
  • SU single user
  • one 242-unit is used. It is possible to use and in this case 3 DC tones can be inserted.
  • RUs of various sizes that is, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, etc.
  • this embodiment Is not limited to the specific size of each RU (ie, the number of corresponding tones).
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used in a 40 MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, and the like may be used in the example of FIG. 6.
  • 5 DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency, 12 tones are used as guard bands in the leftmost band of the 40MHz band, and 11 tones are used in the rightmost band of the 40MHz band. It can be used as a guard band.
  • a 484-RU when used for a single user, a 484-RU may be used. Meanwhile, the fact that the specific number of RUs can be changed is the same as the example of FIG. 4.
  • RU 7 is a diagram showing the arrangement of resource units (RU) used in the 80MHz band.
  • FIG. 7 may also be used with 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, 996-RU, etc. have.
  • 7 DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency, 12 tones are used as guard bands in the leftmost band of the 80MHz band, and 11 tones are used in the rightmost band of the 80MHz band. It can be used as a guard band.
  • 26-RU using 13 tones located on the left and right of the DC band can be used.
  • a 996-RU when used for a single user, a 996-RU may be used, and in this case, five DC tones may be inserted.
  • the RU arrangement (ie, RU location) shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 can be applied to a new wireless LAN system (eg, EHT system) as it is.
  • a new wireless LAN system eg, EHT system
  • the RU arrangement for 80 MHz that is, the example of FIG. 7
  • the RU arrangement for the 40 MHz that is, the example of FIG. 6
  • the arrangement of the RU for 80 MHz may be repeated 4 times or the arrangement of the RU for 40 MHz (ie, example of FIG. 6) may be repeated 8 times. have.
  • One RU of the present specification may be allocated for only one STA (eg, non-AP). Alternatively, a plurality of RUs may be allocated for one STA (eg, non-AP).
  • the RU described herein may be used for UL (Uplink) communication and DL (Downlink) communication.
  • the transmitting STA eg, AP
  • transmits the first RU eg, 26/52/106
  • a second RU eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.
  • the first STA may transmit a first Trigger-based PPDU based on the first RU
  • the second STA may transmit a second Trigger-based PPDU based on the second RU.
  • the first/second Trigger-based PPDU is transmitted to the AP in the same time interval.
  • the transmitting STA (eg, AP) allocates a first RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) to the first STA, and 2 STAs may be assigned a second RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.). That is, the transmitting STA (eg, AP) may transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the first STA through the first RU within one MU PPDU, and the second RU through the second RU.
  • HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for 2 STAs can be transmitted.
  • HE-SIG-B Information on the arrangement of the RU may be signaled through HE-SIG-B.
  • the HE-SIG-B field 810 includes a common field 820 and a user-specific field 830.
  • the common field 820 may include information commonly applied to all users (ie, user STAs) receiving the SIG-B.
  • the user-individual field 830 may be referred to as a user-individual control field. When the SIG-B is transmitted to a plurality of users, the user-individual field 830 may be applied to only some of the plurality of users.
  • the common field 920 and the user-individual field 930 may be encoded separately.
  • the common field 920 may include RU allocation information of N*8 bits.
  • the RU allocation information may include information on the location of the RU.
  • the RU allocation information may include information on which RU (26-RU/52-RU/106-RU) is allocated in which frequency band. .
  • a maximum of 9 26-RUs may be allocated to a 20 MHz channel.
  • Table 1 when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to “00000000”, nine 26-RUs may be allocated to a corresponding channel (ie, 20 MHz).
  • Table 1 when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set to "00000001”, seven 26-RUs and one 52-RU are arranged in a corresponding channel. That is, in the example of FIG. 5, 52-RUs may be allocated to the rightmost side and seven 26-RUs may be allocated to the left side.
  • Table 1 shows only some of the RU locations that can be displayed by RU allocation information.
  • RU allocation information may include an example of Table 2 below.
  • "01000y2y1y0" relates to an example in which 106-RU is allocated to the leftmost-left side of a 20 MHz channel, and five 26-RUs are allocated to the right side.
  • a plurality of STAs eg, User-STAs
  • up to 8 STAs may be allocated to 106-RU, and the number of STAs (eg, User-STA) allocated to 106-RU is 3-bit information (y2y1y0).
  • 3-bit information (y2y1y0) is set to N
  • the number of STAs (eg, User-STAs) allocated to 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO technique may be N+1.
  • a plurality of different STAs may be allocated to a plurality of RUs.
  • a plurality of STAs may be allocated based on the MU-MIMO technique.
  • the user-individual field 830 may include a plurality of user fields.
  • the number of STAs (eg, user STAs) allocated to a specific channel may be determined based on the RU allocation information in the common field 820. For example, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is "00000000", one User STA may be allocated to each of nine 26-RUs (ie, a total of 9 User STAs are allocated). That is, up to 9 User STAs may be allocated to a specific channel through the OFDMA scheme. In other words, up to 9 User STAs may be allocated to a specific channel through a non-MU-MIMO scheme.
  • RU allocation when RU allocation is set to “01000y2y1y0”, a plurality of User STAs are allocated to 106-RUs disposed on the leftmost-left through the MU-MIMO scheme, and five 26-RUs disposed on the right side are allocated Five User STAs may be allocated through a non-MU-MIMO scheme. This case is embodied through an example of FIG. 9.
  • RU allocation when RU allocation is set to “01000010” as shown in FIG. 9, based on Table 2, 106-RUs are allocated to the leftmost-left side of a specific channel, and five 26-RUs are allocated to the right side. I can.
  • a total of three User STAs may be allocated to the 106-RU through the MU-MIMO scheme.
  • the user-individual field 830 of HE-SIG-B may include 8 User fields.
  • Eight User fields may be included in the order shown in FIG. 9.
  • two User fields may be implemented as one User block field.
  • the User field shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 may be configured based on two formats. That is, a User field related to the MU-MIMO technique may be configured in a first format, and a User field related to the non-MU-MIMO technique may be configured in a second format.
  • User fields 1 to 3 may be based on a first format
  • User fields 4 to 8 may be based on a second format.
  • the first format or the second format may include bit information of the same length (eg, 21 bits).
  • Each User field may have the same size (eg, 21 bits).
  • the User Field of the first format (the format of the MU-MIMO scheme) may be configured as follows.
  • the first bit (eg, B0-B10) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) is the identification information of the user STA to which the corresponding user field is allocated (eg, STA-ID, partial AID, etc.) It may include.
  • the second bit (eg, B11-B14) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may include information on spatial configuration.
  • an example of the second bit (ie, B11-B14) may be as shown in Tables 3 to 4 below.
  • information on the number of spatial streams for a user STA may consist of 4 bits.
  • information on the number of spatial streams for a user STA ie, second bits, B11-B14
  • information on the number of spatial streams ie, second bits, B11-B14
  • the third bit (ie, B15-18) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may include MCS (Modulation and coding scheme) information.
  • MCS information may be applied to a data field in a PPDU in which the corresponding SIG-B is included.
  • MCS MCS information
  • MCS index MCS field, and the like used in the present specification may be indicated by a specific index value.
  • MCS information may be indicated by index 0 to index 11.
  • the MCS information includes information on a constellation modulation type (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, etc.), and a coding rate (e.g., 1/2, 2/ 3, 3/4, 5/6, etc.).
  • Information on the channel coding type eg, BCC or LDPC
  • the fourth bit (ie, B19) in the user field (ie, 21 bits) may be a reserved field.
  • the fifth bit (ie, B20) in the user field may include information on the coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC). That is, the fifth bit (ie, B20) may include information on the type of channel coding (eg, BCC or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.
  • the coding type eg, BCC or LDPC
  • the fifth bit (ie, B20) may include information on the type of channel coding (eg, BCC or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.
  • the above-described example relates to the User Field of the first format (the format of the MU-MIMO scheme).
  • An example of the User field of the second format (non-MU-MIMO format) is as follows.
  • the first bit (eg, B0-B10) in the User field of the second format may include identification information of the User STA.
  • the second bit (eg, B11-B13) in the user field of the second format may include information on the number of spatial streams applied to the corresponding RU.
  • the third bit (eg, B14) in the user field of the second format may include information on whether the beamforming steering matrix is applied.
  • the fourth bit (eg, B15-B18) in the User field of the second format may include MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information.
  • the fifth bit (eg, B19) in the User field of the second format may include information on whether or not Dual Carrier Modulation (DCM) is applied.
  • the sixth bit (ie, B20) in the user field of the second format may include information on the coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC).
  • a transmitting STA may perform channel access through contending (ie, a backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame 1030. That is, the transmitting STA (eg, AP) may transmit a PPDU including the trigger frame 1330.
  • a trigger-based (TB) PPDU is transmitted after a delay equal to SIFS.
  • the TB PPDUs 1041 and 1042 may be transmitted at the same time slot and may be transmitted from a plurality of STAs (eg, User STAs) in which an AID is indicated in the trigger frame 1030.
  • the ACK frame 1050 for the TB PPDU may be implemented in various forms.
  • an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technique or an MU MIMO technique can be used, and an OFDMA and MU MIMO technique can be used simultaneously.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the trigger frame of FIG. 11 allocates resources for uplink multiple-user transmission (MU), and may be transmitted from an AP, for example.
  • the trigger frame may be composed of a MAC frame and may be included in a PPDU.
  • Each of the fields shown in FIG. 11 may be partially omitted, and other fields may be added. Also, the length of each field may be changed differently from that shown.
  • the frame control field 1110 of FIG. 11 includes information on the version of the MAC protocol and other additional control information, and the duration field 1120 is time information for setting NAV or an identifier of the STA (for example, For example, information on AID) may be included.
  • the RA field 1130 includes address information of the receiving STA of the corresponding trigger frame, and may be omitted if necessary.
  • the TA field 1140 includes address information of an STA (eg, an AP) that transmits a corresponding trigger frame
  • a common information field 1150 is a common information applied to a receiving STA receiving a corresponding trigger frame.
  • a field indicating the length of an L-SIG field of an uplink PPDU transmitted in response to a corresponding trigger frame, or a SIG-A field of an uplink PPDU transmitted in response to a corresponding trigger frame i.e., HE-SIG-A Field
  • information about a length of a CP of an uplink PPDU transmitted in response to a corresponding trigger frame or information about a length of an LTF field may be included.
  • the individual user information field may be referred to as an “allocation field”.
  • the trigger frame of FIG. 11 may include a padding field 1170 and a frame check sequence field 1180.
  • Each of the individual user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N shown in FIG. 11 may again include a plurality of subfields.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a common information field of a trigger frame. Some of the subfields of FIG. 12 may be omitted, and other subfields may be added. In addition, the length of each of the illustrated subfields may be changed.
  • the illustrated length field 1210 has the same value as the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame, and the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU represents the length of the uplink PPDU.
  • the length field 1210 of the trigger frame may be used to indicate the length of the corresponding uplink PPDU.
  • the cascade indicator field 1220 indicates whether a cascade operation is performed.
  • the cascade operation means that downlink MU transmission and uplink MU transmission are performed together within the same TXOP (Transmit Opportunity). That is, after downlink MU transmission is performed, it means that uplink MU transmission is performed after a preset time (eg, SIFS).
  • TXOP Transmit Opportunity
  • a preset time eg, SIFS
  • the CS request field 1230 indicates whether to consider the state of the radio medium or the NAV in a situation in which the receiving device receiving the corresponding trigger frame transmits the corresponding uplink PPDU.
  • the HE-SIG-A information field 1240 may include information for controlling the content of the SIG-A field (ie, the HE-SIG-A field) of the uplink PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame.
  • the CP and LTF type field 1250 may include information on the length of the LTF and the CP length of the uplink PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame.
  • the trigger type field 1060 may indicate a purpose for which the corresponding trigger frame is used, for example, normal triggering, triggering for beamforming, and request for Block ACK/NACK.
  • the trigger type field 1260 of the trigger frame indicates a basic type of trigger frame for normal triggering.
  • a basic type trigger frame may be referred to as a basic trigger frame.
  • the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 shows an example of a subfield included in a per user information field.
  • the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 may be understood as any of the individual user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N mentioned in FIG. 11 above. Some of the subfields included in the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 may be omitted, and other subfields may be added. In addition, the length of each of the illustrated subfields may be changed.
  • a user identifier field 1310 of FIG. 13 indicates an identifier of an STA (ie, a receiving STA) corresponding to per user information, and an example of the identifier is an association identifier (AID) of the receiving STA. It can be all or part of the value.
  • an RU Allocation field 1320 may be included. That is, when the receiving STA identified by the user identifier field 1310 transmits the TB PPDU corresponding to the trigger frame, it transmits the TB PPDU through the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320.
  • the RU indicated by the RU Allocation field 1320 may be the RU shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7.
  • the subfield of FIG. 13 may include a coding type field 1330.
  • the coding type field 1330 may indicate the coding type of the TB PPDU. For example, when BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 may be set to '1', and when LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 may be set to '0'. have.
  • the subfield of FIG. 13 may include an MCS field 1340.
  • the MCS field 1340 may indicate an MCS scheme applied to a TB PPDU. For example, when BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 may be set to '1', and when LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 may be set to '0'. have.
  • the transmitting STA may allocate 6 RU resources as shown in FIG. 14 through a trigger frame.
  • the AP is a first RU resource (AID 0, RU 1), a second RU resource (AID 0, RU 2), a third RU resource (AID 0, RU 3), a fourth RU resource (AID 2045, RU 4), a fifth RU resource (AID 2045, RU 5), and a sixth RU resource (AID 3, RU 6) may be allocated.
  • Information on AID 0, AID 3, or AID 2045 may be included, for example, in the user identification field 1310 of FIG. 13.
  • Information about RU 1 to RU 6 may be included in, for example, the RU allocation field 1320 of FIG. 13.
  • the first to third RU resources of FIG. 14 may be used as UORA resources for an associated STA
  • the fourth to fifth RU resources of FIG. 14 are for un-associated STAs. It may be used as a UORA resource
  • the sixth RU resource of FIG. 14 may be used as a resource for a normal UL MU.
  • the OBO (OFDMA random access BackOff) counter of STA1 is reduced to 0, and STA1 randomly selects the second RU resources (AID 0, RU 2).
  • the OBO counter of STA2/3 is greater than 0, uplink resources are not allocated to STA2/3.
  • STA1 of FIG. 14 is an associated STA, there are a total of three eligible RA RUs for STA1 (RU 1, RU 2, RU 3), and accordingly, STA1 decreases the OBO counter by 3 so that the OBO counter is It became 0.
  • STA2 of FIG. 14 is an associated STA, there are a total of three eligible RA RUs for STA2 (RU 1, RU 2, and RU 3). Accordingly, STA2 has reduced the OBO counter by 3, but the OBO counter is 0. Is in a larger state.
  • STA3 of FIG. 14 is an un-associated STA, there are a total of two eligible RA RUs (RU 4 and RU 5) for STA3, and accordingly, STA3 has reduced the OBO counter by 2, but the OBO counter is It is in a state greater than 0.
  • 15 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 2.4 GHz band.
  • the 2.4 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as the first band (band).
  • the 2.4 GHz band may refer to a frequency region in which channels having a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (eg, channels having a center frequency located within 2.4 to 2.5 GHz) are used/supported/defined.
  • the 2.4 GHz band may contain multiple 20 MHz channels.
  • 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band may have multiple channel indexes (eg, index 1 to index 14).
  • a center frequency of a 20 MHz channel to which channel index 1 is assigned may be 2.412 GHz
  • a center frequency of a 20 MHz channel to which channel index 2 is assigned may be 2.417 GHz
  • 20 MHz to which channel index N is assigned The center frequency of the channel may be (2.407 + 0.005*N) GHz.
  • the channel index may be referred to by various names such as channel number. Specific values of the channel index and the center frequency may be changed.
  • Each of the illustrated first to fourth frequency regions 1510 to 1540 may include one channel.
  • the first frequency domain 1510 may include channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel having index 1).
  • the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz.
  • the second frequency domain 1520 may include channel 6.
  • the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz.
  • the third frequency domain 1530 may include channel 11.
  • the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz.
  • the fourth frequency domain 1540 may include channel 14. At this time, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.
  • 16 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 5 GHz band.
  • the 5 GHz band may be referred to by another name such as the second band/band.
  • the 5 GHz band may mean a frequency range in which channels having a center frequency of 5 GHz or more and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz) are used/supported/defined.
  • the 5 GHz band may include a plurality of channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The specific values shown in FIG. 16 may be changed.
  • the plurality of channels in the 5 GHz band include UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM.
  • UNII-1 can be called UNII Low.
  • UNII-2 may include a frequency domain called UNII Mid and UNII-2 Extended.
  • UNII-3 can be called UNII-Upper.
  • a plurality of channels may be set within the 5 GHz band, and the bandwidth of each channel may be variously set to 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz.
  • a frequency range/range of 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz in UNII-1 and UNII-2 may be divided into eight 20 MHz channels.
  • the frequency range/range from 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz can be divided into four channels through the 40 MHz frequency domain.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain/range can be divided into two channels through the 80 MHz frequency domain.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain/range may be divided into one channel through the 160 MHz frequency domain.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 6 GHz band.
  • the 6 GHz band may be referred to as a third band/band.
  • the 6 GHz band may mean a frequency range in which channels with a center frequency of 5.9 GHz or more are used/supported/defined. The specific values shown in FIG. 17 may be changed.
  • the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 17 may be defined from 5.940 GHz.
  • the leftmost channel of the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 17 may have an index number 1 (or a channel index, a channel number, etc.), and a center frequency of 5.945 GHz may be allocated. That is, the center frequency of the index N channel may be determined as (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz.
  • the index (or channel number) of the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 17 is 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, It may be 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233.
  • the index of the 40 MHz channel in FIG. 17 is 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be referred to as various names such as EHT PPDU, transmission PPDU, reception PPDU, 1st type or Nth type PPDU. In addition, it can be used in the EHT system and/or a new wireless LAN system that has improved the EHT system.
  • the subfields of FIG. 18 may be changed to various names.
  • the SIG A field may be referred to as an EHT-SIG-A field
  • an SIG B field may be referred to as an EHT-SIG-B
  • an STF field may be referred to as an EHT-STF field
  • an LTF field may be referred to as an EHT-LTF field.
  • the subcarrier spacing of the L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and RL-SIG fields of FIG. 18 may be set to 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the STF, LTF, and Data fields may be set to 78.125 kHz. That is, the subcarrier index of the L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and RL-SIG fields may be displayed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier indexes of the STF, LTF, and Data fields may be displayed in units of 78.125 kHz.
  • the SIG A and/or SIG B fields of FIG. 18 may include additional fields (eg, SIG C or one control symbol, etc.).
  • additional fields eg, SIG C or one control symbol, etc.
  • all/some of the subcarrier spacing and all/some of the additionally defined SIG fields may be set to 312.5 kHz.
  • the subcarrier spacing for a part of the newly defined SIG field may be set to a preset value (eg, 312.5 kHz or 78.125 kHz).
  • the L-LTF and the L-STF may be the same as the conventional field.
  • the L-SIG field of FIG. 18 may include, for example, 24-bit bit information.
  • the 24-bit information may include a 4 bit Rate field, 1 bit Reserved bit, 12 bit Length field, 1 bit Parity bit, and 6 bit Tail bit.
  • the 12-bit Length field may include information on the number of octets of a Physical Service Data Unit (PSDU).
  • PSDU Physical Service Data Unit
  • the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU or EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3.
  • the value of the Length field may be determined as “multiple of 3 + 1” or “multiple of 3 +2”.
  • the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3
  • the value of the Length field is "multiple of 3 + 1" or "multiple of 3 It can be determined as +2”.
  • the transmitting STA may apply BCC encoding based on a code rate of 1/2 to 24-bit information of the L-SIG field. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may obtain a 48-bit BCC coded bit. BPSK modulation is applied to the 48-bit coded bits, so that 48 BPSK symbols may be generated. The transmitting STA may map 48 BPSK symbols to locations excluding pilot subcarriers ⁇ subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21 ⁇ and DC subcarrier ⁇ subcarrier index 0 ⁇ .
  • the transmitting STA may additionally map a signal of ⁇ -1, -1, -1, 1 ⁇ to the subcarrier index ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
  • the above signal can be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
  • the transmitting STA may generate the RL-SIG generated in the same manner as the L-SIG.
  • BPSK modulation can be applied to RL-SIG.
  • the receiving STA may know that the received PPDU is an HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the presence of the RL-SIG.
  • EHT-SIG-A or one control symbol may be inserted.
  • Symbols located after RL-SIG ie, EHT-SIG-A or one control symbol in the present specification
  • U-SIG Universal SIG
  • a symbol (eg, U-SIG) consecutive to the RL-SIG may include information of N bits, and may include information for identifying the type of EHT PPDU.
  • the U-SIG may be configured based on two symbols (eg, two consecutive OFDM symbols).
  • Each symbol (eg, OFDM symbol) for U-SIG may have a duration of 4 us.
  • Each symbol of U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information.
  • each symbol of U-SIG may be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.
  • A-bit information (eg, 52 un-coded bits) may be transmitted, and the first symbol of U-SIG is the first of the total A-bit information.
  • X-bit information (eg, 26 un-coded bits) is transmitted, and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit remaining Y-bit information (eg, 26 un-coded bits) of the total A-bit information.
  • the transmitting STA may acquire 26 un-coded bits included in each U-SIG symbol.
  • the transmitting STA may generate 52 BPSK symbols allocated to each U-SIG symbol by performing BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52-coded bits.
  • One U-SIG symbol may be transmitted based on 56 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, excluding DC index 0.
  • 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA may be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding the pilot tones -21, -7, +7, and +21 tones.
  • A-bit information (e.g., 52 un-coded bits) transmitted by U-SIG is a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit long field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit long field). ) Can be included.
  • the CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of U-SIG.
  • the CRC field may be generated based on 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits excluding the CRC/tail field in the second symbol, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm.
  • the tail field may be used to terminate trellis of a convolutional decoder, and may be set to “000000”, for example.
  • a bit information (eg, 52 un-coded bits) transmitted by U-SIG may be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits.
  • the size of version-independent bits may be fixed or variable.
  • version-independent bits may be allocated only to the first symbol of U-SIG, or version-independent bits may be allocated to both the first symbol and the second symbol of U-SIG.
  • version-independent bits and version-dependent bits may be referred to by various names such as a first bit and a second bit.
  • the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier.
  • the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the transmission/reception PPDU.
  • the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmission/reception PPDU is an EHT PPDU.
  • the transmitting STA may set a 3-bit PHY version identifier as the first value.
  • the receiving STA may determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value.
  • the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL/DL flag field.
  • the first value of the 1-bit UL/DL flag field is related to UL communication
  • the second value of the UL/DL flag field is related to DL communication.
  • the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include information on the length of TXOP and information on the BSS color ID.
  • EHT PPDU supporting SU when the EHT PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., EHT PPDU supporting SU, EHT PPDU supporting MU, EHT PPDU related to Trigger Frame, EHT PPDU related to Extended Range transmission, etc.) , Information about the type of the EHT PPDU may be included in version-independent bits or version-dependent bits of U-SIG.
  • types e.g., EHT PPDU supporting SU, EHT PPDU supporting MU, EHT PPDU related to Trigger Frame, EHT PPDU related to Extended Range transmission, etc.
  • Information about the type of the EHT PPDU may be included in version-independent bits or version-dependent bits of U-SIG.
  • the U-SIG field is 1) a bandwidth field containing information about the bandwidth, 2) a field containing information about the MCS technique applied to SIG-B, and 3) dual subcarrier modulation in SIG-B ( An indication field containing information related to whether or not dual subcarrier modulation) is applied, 4) A field containing information about the number of symbols used for SIG-B, 5) Whether SIG-B is generated over the entire band It may include a field including information on whether or not, 6) a field including information on an LTF/STF type, and 7) information on a field indicating the length of the LTF and the length of the CP.
  • the SIG-B of FIG. 18 may include the technical features of HE-SIG-B shown in the example of FIGS. 8 to 9 as it is.
  • the STF of FIG. 18 may be used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) environment or an OFDMA environment.
  • the LTF of FIG. 18 may be used to estimate a channel in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.
  • the STF of FIG. 18 may be set in various types.
  • the first type of STF (that is, 1x STF) may be generated based on a first type STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at 16 subcarrier intervals.
  • the STF signal generated based on the first type STF sequence may have a period of 0.8 ⁇ s, and the 0.8 ⁇ s period signal may be repeated 5 times to become a first type STF having a length of 4 ⁇ s.
  • the second type of STF (that is, 2x STF) may be generated based on a second type STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at 8 subcarrier intervals.
  • the STF signal generated based on the second type STF sequence may have a period of 1.6 ⁇ s, and the 1.6 ⁇ s period signal may be repeated 5 times to become a second type EHT-STF having a length of 8 ⁇ s.
  • a third type of STF ie, 4x EHT-STF
  • the STF signal generated based on the third type STF sequence may have a period of 3.2 ⁇ s, and the period signal of 3.2 ⁇ s may be repeated 5 times to become a third type EHT-STF having a length of 16 ⁇ s.
  • the EHT-LTF field may have first, second, and third types (ie, 1x, 2x, 4x LTF).
  • the first/second/third type LTF field may be generated based on an LTF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at 4/2/1 subcarrier intervals.
  • the first/second/third type LTF may have a time length of 3.2/6.4/12.8 ⁇ s.
  • GIs of various lengths eg, 0.8/1/6/3.2 ⁇ s may be applied to the first/second/third type LTF.
  • Information on the type of STF and/or LTF may be included in the SIG A field and/or the SIG B field of FIG. 18.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may support various bandwidths.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may have a bandwidth of 20/40/80/160/240/320 MHz.
  • some fields (eg, STF, LTF, data) of FIG. 18 may be configured based on RUs shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, and the like.
  • all fields of the PPDU of FIG. 18 may occupy the entire bandwidth.
  • some fields (eg, STF, LTF, data) of FIG. 18 are shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, etc.
  • the STF, LTF, and data fields for the first receiving STA of the PPDU may be transmitted and received through the first RU, and the STF, LTF, and data fields for the second receiving STA of the PPDU are transmitted and received through the second RU.
  • the positions of the first and second RUs may be determined based on FIGS. 5 to 7 and the like.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be determined (or identified) as an EHT PPDU based on the following method.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as the EHT PPDU based on the following items. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the received PPDU is BPSK, 2) RL-SIG where the L-SIG of the received PPDU is repeated is detected, and 3) the length of the L-SIG of the received PPDU When the result of applying “modulo 3” to the value is detected as “0”, the received PPDU may be determined as an EHT PPDU.
  • the receiving STA is the type of the EHT PPDU (e.g., SU/MU/Trigger-based/Extended Range type) based on bit information included in the symbol after RL-SIG of FIG. ) Can be detected.
  • the type of the EHT PPDU e.g., SU/MU/Trigger-based/Extended Range type
  • the receiving STA is 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal, which is BSPK, 2) RL-SIG that is consecutive to the L-SIG field and is the same as L-SIG, 3) the result of applying “modulo 3” is “ L-SIG including a Length field set to 0”, and 4) a received PPDU based on a 3-bit PHY version identifier (eg, a PHY version identifier having a first value) of the aforementioned U-SIG. It can be judged as an EHT PPDU.
  • a 3-bit PHY version identifier eg, a PHY version identifier having a first value
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as an HE PPDU based on the following. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, 2) RL-SIG repeating L-SIG is detected, and 3) “modulo 3” is applied to the length value of L-SIG. When the result is detected as “1” or “2”, the received PPDU may be determined as an HE PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU based on the following items. For example, if 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, and 2) the L-SIG repeating RL-SIG is not detected, the received PPDU will be determined as non-HT, HT and VHT PPDU. I can. In addition, even if the receiving STA detects the repetition of RL-SIG, if the result of applying “modulo 3” to the length value of L-SIG is detected as “0”, the receiving PPDU is non-HT, HT and VHT PPDU. It can be judged as.
  • (transmit/receive/uplink/downward) signal may be a signal transmitted/received based on the PPDU of FIG. 18.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used to transmit and receive various types of frames.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used for a control frame.
  • An example of a control frame may include request to send (RTS), clear to send (CTS), Power Save-Poll (PS-Poll), BlockACKReq, BlockAck, NDP (Null Data Packet) announcement, and Trigger Frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used for a management frame.
  • An example of a management frame may include a Beacon frame, (Re-)Association Request frame, (Re-)Association Response frame, Probe Request frame, and Probe Response frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used for a data frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used to simultaneously transmit at least two or more of a control frame, a management frame, and a data frame.
  • 19 shows a modified example of the transmitting device and/or the receiving device of the present specification.
  • Each of the devices/STAs of sub-drawings (a)/(b) of FIG. 1 may be modified as shown in FIG.
  • the transceiver 630 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the transceivers 113 and 123 of FIG. 1.
  • the transceiver 630 of FIG. 19 may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the processor 610 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the processors 111 and 121 of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the processor 610 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the processing chips 114 and 124 of FIG. 1.
  • the memory 150 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the memory 150 of FIG. 19 may be a separate external memory different from the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1.
  • the power management module 611 manages power for the processor 610 and/or the transceiver 630.
  • the battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611.
  • the display 613 outputs a result processed by the processor 610.
  • Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610.
  • the keypad 614 may be displayed on the display 613.
  • the SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit used to securely store an IMSI (international mobile subscriber identity) used to identify and authenticate a subscriber in a mobile phone device such as a mobile phone and a computer and a key associated therewith. .
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • the speaker 640 may output a sound-related result processed by the processor 610.
  • the microphone 641 may receive a sound-related input to be used by the processor 610.
  • An STA capable of performing communication through a wireless optical communication band may perform communication through two physical layers.
  • the first physical layer may be a physical layer essentially configured in the optical communication STA.
  • the second physical layer may be a physical layer selectively configured in the optical communication STA.
  • the PPDU transmitted by the optical communication STA through the first physical layer may be composed of a first type of PPDU.
  • the PPDU transmitted by the optical communication STA through the second physical layer may be configured as a second type of PPDU.
  • an STA that transmits a PPDU of a first format or a second format may be referred to as a transmitting STA.
  • an STA that receives a PPDU of the first type or the second type may be referred to as a receiving STA.
  • the first physical layer may be configured as shown in FIG. 20.
  • 20 is a diagram for describing a first physical layer.
  • an additional module (or circuit) for wireless optical communication may be configured in a physical layer according to the conventional IEEE 802.11 standard.
  • the first physical layer is an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) module (or circuit) (2010), CP (Cyclic Prefix) module (or circuit) (2020), Up-conversion module (or circuit (circuit) )) 2030, a Real (or Re(.)) module (or circuit) 2040 or a Light Emitting Diode (LED) module (or circuit) 2050.
  • the first physical layer may additionally include an up-conversion module 2030 and/or an LED module 2050 to a conventional IEEE 802.11 physical layer.
  • the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module 2010 may be a module for performing an IFFT process on data.
  • the CP module 2020 may be a module for adding a cyclic prefix to data on which IFFT has been performed.
  • the up-conversion module 2030 may be a module for changing a frequency to a positive number.
  • the Real (or Re(.)) module 2040 may be a module for removing an imaginary part and obtaining only a real part.
  • the LED module 2050 may be a module for transmitting data through an LED device.
  • the transmitting STA may perform an operation of transmitting data through the LED device through the first physical layer.
  • the receiving STA may acquire data transmitted through the LED device through the first physical layer.
  • the first physical layer may be configured based on a physical layer of the conventional IEEE 802.11 standard. Accordingly, a chipset in which the first physical layer is implemented can be produced by adding at least one module (or circuit) to the chipset according to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
  • the PPDU transmitted through the first physical layer may be composed of a first type of PPDU.
  • 21 shows an example of a PPDU of the first type.
  • the first type of PPDU (2100) may include a legacy preamble (2110), legacy PHY preamble (2120) or legacy PHY data (2130).
  • the legacy preamble 2110 may include an L-STF 2111, an L-LTF 2112 or an L-SIG 2113.
  • the legacy PHY preamble 2120 may include RL-SIG 2121, HE-SIGA 2122, HE-SIGB 2123 or HE-STF 2124.
  • the legacy PHY data 2130 may include HE-DATA 2131.
  • Legacy preamble 2110 may be configured identically in all IEEE 802.11 standard physical layers. If the IEEE 802.11ax standard is used as the baseline, the PPDU 2100 of the first type may be configured in the same manner as the PPDU structure according to the IEEE 802.11ax standard. Therefore, the PPDU 2100 of the first format is L-SIG (2121), HE-SIGA (2122), HE-SIGB (2123), HE-STF (2124) or HE-DATA (after Legacy preamble (2110)) 2131) may be included.
  • the PPDU 2100 of the first type of 20 MHz bandwidth may be configured like a physical layer according to the conventional IEEE 802.11 standard. After passing through the LED module 2050, the first type of PPDU 2100 may be transmitted in the actual optical communication band.
  • the second physical layer may be optimized in consideration of the characteristics of the optical communication band. Accordingly, the performance of the second physical layer may be higher than that of the first physical layer.
  • the second physical layer cannot use the physical layer according to the existing IEEE 802.11 standard, the second physical layer needs to be additionally implemented.
  • the PPDU transmitted through the second physical layer may be composed of a second type of PPDU.
  • FIG. 22 shows an example of a second type of PPDU.
  • the second type of PPDU 2200 may include a legacy preamble 2210, an LC-optimized PHY preamble 2220, or an LC-optimized PHY data 2230.
  • the legacy preamble 2210 may include an L-STF 2211, an L-LTF 2212 or an L-SIG 2213.
  • the legacy preamble 2210 may be configured in the same manner as the PPDU of the first type for coexistence with the first physical layer.
  • a field after the legacy preamble 2210 may be configured as a field specialized for optical communication.
  • the LC-optimized PHY preamble 2220 may include an LC-STF 2221, an LC-LTF 2222, an LC-SIG 2223, or an LC-ATF 2224.
  • the LC-DATA 2231 may be configured.
  • a method for performing communication in an optical communication band may be proposed based on a first physical layer and a second physical layer according to the IEEE 802.11bb standard.
  • the transmitting STA may be described as an AP, which is an example of the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may be described as an STA.
  • 23 is a diagram for describing an example of wireless optical communication.
  • the AP 2310 may include LED lighting.
  • LED lighting may be installed on a ceiling or the like.
  • the STA 2320 connected to the AP 2310 may include a smartphone or a laptop computer.
  • downlink transmission may be performed through visible light.
  • the AP 2310 may perform downlink transmission through the visible light band.
  • the visible light band may include a band of 400 THz to 789 THz. In downlink transmission through visible light, the transmission range is wide.
  • the STA 2320 may perform uplink transmission through infrared.
  • the STA 2320 may perform uplink transmission through the infrared band.
  • the infrared band may include 60 THz to 400 THz band.
  • the transmission range is narrow.
  • the AP 2310 may transmit a signal to the STA 2320 over a wide range.
  • the STA 2320 may transmit a signal to the AP 2310 in a narrow range.
  • 24 is a diagram for describing an example in which a collision occurs between STAs connected to an AP.
  • an AP 2410 may be connected to STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430.
  • the AP 2410 may have a different transmission range from the STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430. Since STA 1 2420 or STA 2 2430 transmits a packet (or signal) to the AP 2410 through a narrow range, STA 1 2420 or STA 2 2430 transmits packets transmitted by each other. It may not be possible to confirm. Therefore, it may be difficult for a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) according to the conventional IEEE 802.11 standard to operate normally.
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 may check a packet transmitted by the AP 2410.
  • STA 1 2420 may check a packet transmitted from AP 2410 to STA 2 2430.
  • the STA 2 2430 may check a packet transmitted from the AP 2410 to the STA 1 2420. Since STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 can check packets transmitted from the AP 2410, collision can be prevented.
  • STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 cannot check packets transmitted by each other.
  • STA 1 2420 cannot check a packet transmitted from STA 2 2430 to AP 2410.
  • STA 2 2430 cannot check a packet transmitted from STA 1 2420 to AP 2410. Accordingly, when STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 transmit uplink, collision may occur.
  • STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 may simultaneously transmit a packet (or signal) to the AP 2410 through an uplink. Signals transmitted from STA 1 2420 and STA 2 2430 may collide with each other.
  • the STA 1 2420 may transmit a first packet (or a first signal) to the AP 2410 through an uplink. Thereafter, the STA 2 2430 may transmit a second packet (or a second signal) to the AP 2410 through an uplink. In this case, collision between the first packet and the second packet may occur.
  • the IEEE 802.11 standard defines an RTS frame and/or a CTS frame. Therefore, the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame can be applied to wireless optical communication transmission. A detailed operation for this may be described with reference to FIG. 25.
  • 25 is a diagram for explaining a method for preventing collision in uplink transmission.
  • an AP 2510 may be connected to STA 1 2520 and STA 2 2530.
  • STA 1 2520 or STA 2 2530 may transmit an RTS frame to the AP 2510 before transmitting data.
  • the AP 2510 may receive the RTS frame.
  • the AP 2510 may transmit a CTS frame based on the RTS frame.
  • the CTS frame may be received by all STAs (STA 1 2520 or STA 2 2530) connected to the AP 2510. Therefore, when the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame is applied to wireless optical communication, there is an effect of preventing collision.
  • an RTS frame and/or a CTS frame may be used only for an uplink.
  • the STAs 2520 and 2530 may determine whether to use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • an RTS/CTS frame may be used.
  • the RTS/CTS frame is overhead, it may not be desirable to always use it.
  • the ratio of overhead may increase. That is, unnecessary resources may occur.
  • a method of determining whether the STA (STA 1 2520 or STA 2 2530) uses the RTS/CTS frame through signaling with the AP 2510 is proposed. I can. In order for the STA (STA 1 2520 or STA 2 2530) to determine whether to use the RTS/CTS frame, at least one of the embodiments described below may be used.
  • 26 shows an example of an operation of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • an AP 2610 may divide a section using an RTS/CTS frame.
  • the AP 2610 may transmit a beacon frame to the STA 2620.
  • the beacon frame includes information on a period in which an RTS/CTS frame is essentially used (hereinafter, RTS/CTS duration) and/or a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is not essentially used (hereinafter, non-RTS/CTS duration). May include information about.
  • the positions of the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be changed differently from that shown in FIG. 26.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be changed each time a beacon frame is transmitted.
  • the RTS/CTS duration may include at least one beacon period.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may include at least one beacon period.
  • An example in which the RTS/CTS duration and/or the Non-RTS/CTS duration includes at least one beacon period may be described later in FIG. 27.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be included several times in one beacon period.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may occur N times (N is a natural number) within one beacon period.
  • An example in which RTS/CTS duration and Non-RTS/CTS duration are generated N times within one beacon period (N is a natural number) may be described later in FIG. 28.
  • the above-described beacon period may include an interval between a first beacon transmitted from the AP 2610 and a second beacon transmitted after the first beacon.
  • the STA 2620 receiving the beacon frame may check the location and length of the RTS/CTS duration and/or the Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • the STA 2620 may use an appropriate transmission method in each section based on information about RTS/CTS duration and/or information about Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • the STA 2620 may transmit data to the AP 2610 through the uplink, based on the RTS/CTS frame in the RTS/CTS duration.
  • RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration and the operation in each section may be set as follows.
  • the RTS/CTS duration may be a period in which the RTS/CTS frame must be used during uplink transmission.
  • the STA 2620 may transmit an RTS frame to the AP 2610 during uplink transmission.
  • the AP 2610 may transmit a CTS frame to the STA 2620 in response to the RTS frame.
  • the STA 2620 may receive the CTS frame.
  • the STA 2620 that has received the CTS frame may transmit uplink data to the AP 2610.
  • the AP 2610 may transmit an ACK frame in response to uplink data.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be a period in which the RTS/CTS frame does not necessarily need to be used during uplink transmission.
  • the STA 2620 may transmit uplink data to the AP 2610 without exchanging RTS/CTS frames.
  • the STA does not necessarily cannot use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • an RTS/CTS frame may be used in a Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • FIG. 27 shows another example of operations of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and/or the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be set to include at least one beacon period.
  • the RTS/CTS duration may include at least one beacon period.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may include at least one beacon period.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be determined in the form of N times the beacon period (N is a natural number).
  • the RTS/CTS duration may be maintained for two beacon periods.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be maintained for two beacon periods.
  • the AP 2710 may set the RTS/CTS duration for two beacon periods. Thereafter, the AP 2710 may set the Non-RTS/CTS duration during one beacon period. In the RTS/CTS duration, the AP 2710 may receive uplink data from the STA 2720 based on the RTS/CTS frame. In the non-RTS/CTS duration, the AP 2710 may receive uplink data from the STA 2720 without exchanging RTS/CTS frames.
  • information on RTS/CTS duration and/or information on Non-RTS/CTS duration is at least one of a probe request frame or an association request frame as well as a beacon frame. Can be included in
  • FIG. 28 shows another example of operations of an AP and an STA for setting an RTS/CTS interval.
  • one beacon period may be set to include at least one RTS/CTS duration and/or at least one Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be generated/set N times (N is a natural number) within one beacon period.
  • N is a natural number
  • two RTS/CTS durations and two Non-RTS/CTS durations may be included in one beacon period.
  • the RTS/CTS duration and the Non-RTS/CTS duration may be repeated.
  • FIG. 27 an example in which RTS/CTS duration and Non-RTS/CTS duration are determined in the form of N times the Beacon period (N is a natural number) is shown.
  • FIG. 28 as an example of setting the corresponding duration, an example in which RTS/CTS duration and Non-RTS/CTS duration are generated/set/determined N times (N is a natural number) within one beacon period is illustrated.
  • the AP 2810 may set two RTS/CTS durations and two Non-RTS/CTS durations within one beacon period. After the first RTS/CTS duration, a first Non-RTS/CTS duration may be set. After the first Non-RTS/CTS duration, a second RTS/CTS duration may be set. After the second RTS/CTS duration, a second Non-RTS/CTS duration may be set.
  • information on RTS/CTS duration and/or information on Non-RTS/CTS duration is at least one of a probe request frame or an association request frame as well as a beacon frame. Can be included in
  • the AP uses the RTS/CTS frame for each STA connected to the AP. It can also tell you whether or not in real time.
  • the AP may determine whether to use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • the AP may transmit information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame to the STA connected to the AP.
  • the STA may determine an uplink transmission method based on information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • the AP may be configured to always use RTS/CTS under specified conditions when uplink transmission is performed in the current BSS.
  • the specified conditions can be set in various ways.
  • the AP may determine whether it is desirable to use the RTS/CTS in the current BSS.
  • the AP may set to use the RTS/CTS frame when the number of STAs associated with it is greater than or equal to the specified number.
  • An STA that is not associated with it also sends a probe request frame and/or an association request frame to the AP. Can send. For example, when an STA that has transmitted a probe request frame is found, uplink collision by the STA may occur. Accordingly, when an STA that transmits a probe request frame is found, the AP may set to use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • the AP may transmit information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame to the STA through various methods in a situation in which the RTS/CTS frame must be used based on the above-described condition. For example, an STA that has received information indicating that the RTS/CTS frame is to be used may have to use the RTS/CTS frame during uplink transmission.
  • a method for the AP to transmit information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame to the STA may be variously configured.
  • an example of a method of transmitting information on whether the AP uses the RTS/CTS frame to the STA may be described.
  • the AP may transmit information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame to the STA.
  • the management frame may include information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame.
  • a management frame there are Beacon frame, Probe Response frame, Association Response frame, and the like.
  • a field including information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame may be defined in the MAC/PHY header.
  • the AP may transmit information on whether to use RTS/CTS to the STA through the field.
  • the STA when the STA does not receive information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame from the AP, the STA may always use the RTS frame when transmitting uplink data.
  • the STA may always use the RTS frame when transmitting uplink data.
  • the STA may receive information from the AP that it is not necessary to use the RTS frame through downlink data or a unicast frame.
  • the STA may receive information on the Non-RTS/CTS duration through a Beacon frame or the like. In this case, the STA may not use the RTS frame during uplink transmission.
  • the RTS frame when the STA does not receive information on whether to use the RTS/CTS frame from the AP, the RTS frame may not be used when transmitting uplink data. However, when the STA receives information indicating that the RTS frame should be used from the AP, the RTS frame may be used when transmitting uplink data. For example, the STA may receive information indicating that the RTS frame should be used from the AP through downlink data or a unicast frame. The STA may receive information on the RTS/CTS duration through a Beacon frame or the like.
  • 29 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a transmitting STA.
  • a transmitting STA may check a usage condition of an RTS/CTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may check the use condition of the RTS/CTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may be configured to use an RTS/CTS frame to receive uplink data.
  • the transmitting STA may check whether the condition for setting to use the RTS/CTS frame is satisfied.
  • the transmitting STA may check whether the number of STAs connected to the transmitting STA is greater than or equal to a specified number.
  • the transmitting STA may configure to use the RTS/CTS frame to receive uplink data based on the number of STAs connected to the transmitting STA that is equal to or greater than the specified number.
  • the transmitting STA may check whether an STA transmitting a probe request frame has been found.
  • the transmitting STA may be configured to use the RTS/CTS frame to receive uplink data based on the STA that transmits the probe request frame.
  • the transmitting STA may set the RTS/CTS duration.
  • the RTS/CTS duration may mean a period in which the transmitting STA must use the RTS/CTS frame when receiving uplink data. For example, within the RTS/CTS duration, the transmitting STA may receive an RTS frame for requesting uplink data transmission from the receiving STA. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may transmit a CTS frame for allowing uplink data transmission to the receiving STA based on the RTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may set a Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may mean a period in which the transmitting STA does not necessarily use the RTS/CTS frame when receiving uplink data.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data from the receiving STA without an RTS/CTS frame exchange process.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit a beacon frame to the receiving STA.
  • the beacon frame may include information on RTS/CTS duration.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the start time and length of the RTS/CTS duration to the receiving STA. For another example, the transmitting STA may transmit information indicating that the RTS/CTS duration will be maintained until the next beacon frame to the receiving STA. For another example, the transmitting STA may transmit information indicating that the RTS/CTS duration will be maintained for a plurality of beacon periods to the receiving STA.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data from the receiving STA based on the RTS/CTS frame within the RTS/CTS duration.
  • FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a receiving STA.
  • the receiving STA may confirm that uplink data is generated. For example, in the receiving STA, uplink data may enter the MAC buffer. The receiving STA can confirm that the uplink data has entered the MAC buffer.
  • the receiving STA may determine whether the current period is an RTS/CTS duration based on the uplink data. For example, the receiving STA may check whether the current section is an RTS/CTS duration or whether the current section is a Non-RTS/CTS duration, based on the uplink data. For example, when the current section is not the RTS/CTS duration, the receiving STA may determine the current section as the Non-RTS/CTS duration.
  • the RTS/CTS duration may mean a period in which the RTS/CTS frame must be used when the receiving STA receives uplink data.
  • the Non-RTS/CTS duration may mean a period in which the receiving STA does not necessarily use the RTS/CTS frame when receiving uplink data.
  • the receiving STA may transmit an RTS frame to the transmitting STA based on the current period being the RTS/CTS duration. For example, within the RTS/CTS duration, the receiving STA may transmit an RTS frame for requesting uplink data transmission to the transmitting STA.
  • the RTS frame may be a frame for requesting to transmit uplink data.
  • the receiving STA may receive the CTS frame from the transmitting STA based on the RTS frame.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA based on the CTS frame.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA based on that the current period is not the RTS/CTS duration. For example, within the Non-RTS/CTS duration, the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA without an RTS/CTS frame exchange process.
  • the receiving STA may receive an ACK frame in response to uplink data from the transmitting STA.
  • 31 is a flowchart for explaining another operation of the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the first period to the receiving STA.
  • the first period may include a period for receiving uplink data from a receiving STA.
  • the first period may include a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is used when the transmitting STA receives uplink data.
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA may communicate through wireless optical communication.
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA may operate in the visible and infrared bands of 60 THz to 789 THz.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit downlink data (or frame) to the receiving STA through the visible light band.
  • the visible light band may include a band of 400 THz to 789 THz.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data (or frame) from the receiving STA through an infrared band.
  • the infrared band may include 60 THz to 400 THz band.
  • the information on the first section may be included in at least one of a beacon frame, a probe request frame, and an association request frame.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the first section to the receiving STA through at least one of a beacon frame, a probe request frame, or an association request frame.
  • the first section may be set based on a beacon period.
  • the first section may be set to twice the beacon period.
  • the first section may be set as at least a part of the beacon period.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the second period to the receiving STA.
  • the second period may include a period for receiving uplink data from a receiving STA.
  • the second period may include a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is not required.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the first period, which is a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is essentially used, to the receiving STA.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit information on the second period, which is a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is not necessarily used, to the receiving STA.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit at least one of information on the first period or information on the second period to the receiving STA. For example, when the number of STAs connected to the transmitting STA is greater than or equal to the specified number, the transmitting STA may transmit information on the second period to the receiving STA. For another example, when an STA that transmits the probe request frame is found, the transmitting STA may transmit information on the second interval to the receiving STA.
  • the transmitting STA may receive the RTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may receive an RTS frame for requesting transmission of uplink data from the receiving STA based on the first interval.
  • the transmitting STA may receive the RTS frame from the receiving STA in the first period.
  • the RTS frame may be received through an infrared band.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit a CTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit a CTS frame for allowing the transmission of uplink data to the receiving STA based on the RTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit the CTS frame to the receiving STA in the first period.
  • the CTS frame may be transmitted through a visible light band.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data from the receiving STA based on the CTS frame. For example, the transmitting STA may receive uplink data from the receiving STA in the first period.
  • the transmitting STA may receive uplink data based on the second interval. In the second period, the transmitting STA may receive uplink data from the receiving STA without exchanging RTS/CTS frames.
  • 32 is a flowchart for explaining another operation of the receiving STA.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the first section.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the first period for transmitting uplink data from the transmitting STA.
  • the first period may include a period for transmitting uplink data to a transmitting STA.
  • the first period may include a period in which an RTS/CTS frame is used when the receiving STA transmits uplink data.
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA may communicate through wireless optical communication.
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA may operate in the visible and infrared bands of 60 THz to 789 THz.
  • the receiving STA may receive a downlink frame from the transmitting STA through the visible light band.
  • the visible light band may include a band of 400 THz to 789 THz.
  • the receiving STA may transmit an uplink frame to the transmitting STA through an infrared band.
  • the infrared band may include 60 THz to 400 THz band.
  • the information on the first section may be included in at least one of a beacon frame, a probe request frame, and an association request frame.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the first section from the transmitting STA through at least one of a beacon frame, a probe request frame, or an association request frame. .
  • the first section may be set based on a beacon period.
  • the first section may be set to twice the beacon period.
  • the first section may be set as at least a part of the beacon period.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the second period from the transmitting STA.
  • the second period may include a period for transmitting uplink data to a transmitting STA.
  • the second period may include a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is not required.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the first period, which is a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is essentially used, from the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may receive information on the second period, which is a period in which the RTS/CTS frame is not necessarily used, from the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may determine whether to transmit the RTS frame based on information on the first interval or information on the second interval. For example, the receiving STA may confirm that the current time point is the first section. The receiving STA may determine to transmit the RTS frame based on the first interval. For another example, the receiving STA may confirm that the current time point is the second interval. The receiving STA may determine to transmit the uplink frame without transmitting the RTS frame based on the second interval.
  • the receiving STA may transmit the RTS frame to the transmitting STA.
  • the RTS frame may be a frame for requesting uplink data transmission.
  • the receiving STA may transmit the RTS frame to the transmitting STA in the first period.
  • the RTS frame may be transmitted through an infrared band.
  • the receiving STA may receive the CTS frame from the transmitting STA.
  • the CTS frame may be a frame for allowing uplink data transmission.
  • the receiving STA may receive the CTS frame from the transmitting STA in the first period.
  • the CTS frame may be received through a visible light band.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA based on the CTS frame. For example, the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA in the first period.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data based on the second interval.
  • the receiving STA may transmit uplink data to the transmitting STA without exchanging RTS/CTS frames in the second period.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various devices and methods.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be performed/supported through the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and/or 19.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be applied only to a part of FIGS. 1 and/or 19.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be implemented based on the processing chips 114 and 124 of FIG. 1, or implemented based on the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1. , May be implemented based on the processor 610 and the memory 620 of FIG. 19.
  • the apparatus of the present specification receives information on a first interval for transmitting uplink data from a transmitting STA, transmits an RTS frame to the transmitting STA based on the first interval, and transmits the RTS frame to the transmitting STA. Based on the frame, it may be configured to receive a CTS frame from the transmitting STA and transmit the uplink data based on the CTS frame.
  • the CRM proposed by the present specification includes: receiving information on a first section for transmitting uplink data from a transmitting STA; Transmitting an RTS frame to the transmitting STA based on the first interval; Receiving a CTS frame from the transmitting STA based on the RTS frame; And instructions for performing operations including transmitting the uplink data based on the CTS frame.
  • Instructions stored in the CRM of the present specification may be executed by at least one processor.
  • At least one processor related to the CRM of the present specification may be the processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 of FIG. 1, or the processor 610 of FIG. 19.
  • the CRM of the present specification may be the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1, the memory 620 of FIG. 19, or a separate external memory/storage medium/disk.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various applications or business models.
  • the above-described technical features may be applied for wireless communication in a device supporting artificial intelligence (AI).
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • Machine learning refers to the field of researching methodologies to define and solve various problems dealt with in the field of artificial intelligence. do.
  • Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a task through continuous experience.
  • An artificial neural network is a model used in machine learning, and may refer to an overall model with problem-solving capability, which is composed of artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses.
  • the artificial neural network may be defined by a connection pattern between neurons of different layers, a learning process for updating model parameters, and an activation function for generating an output value.
  • the artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include neurons and synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output a function of an activation function for input signals, weights, and biases input through synapses.
  • Model parameters refer to parameters determined through learning, and include weights of synaptic connections and biases of neurons.
  • hyperparameters refer to parameters that must be set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include a learning rate, iteration count, mini-batch size, and initialization function.
  • the purpose of learning artificial neural networks can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize the loss function.
  • the loss function can be used as an index to determine an optimal model parameter in the learning process of the artificial neural network.
  • Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning according to the learning method.
  • Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network when a label for training data is given, and a label indicates the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network should infer when training data is input to the artificial neural network. It can mean.
  • Unsupervised learning may refer to a method of training an artificial neural network in a state where a label for training data is not given.
  • Reinforcement learning may mean a learning method in which an agent defined in a certain environment learns to select an action or action sequence that maximizes the cumulative reward in each state.
  • machine learning implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) including a plurality of hidden layers is sometimes referred to as deep learning (deep learning), and deep learning is a part of machine learning.
  • DNN deep neural network
  • machine learning is used in the sense including deep learning.
  • a robot may refer to a machine that automatically processes or operates a task given by its own capabilities.
  • a robot having a function of recognizing the environment and performing an operation by self-determining may be referred to as an intelligent robot.
  • Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. depending on the purpose or field of use.
  • the robot may be provided with a driving unit including an actuator or a motor to perform various physical operations such as moving a robot joint.
  • the movable robot includes a wheel, a brake, a propeller, etc. in a driving unit, and can travel on the ground or fly in the air through the driving unit.
  • the extended reality collectively refers to Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR).
  • VR technology provides only CG images of real world objects or backgrounds
  • AR technology provides virtually created CG images on top of real object images
  • MR technology is a computer that mixes and combines virtual objects in the real world. It is a graphic technology.
  • MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it shows real and virtual objects together.
  • virtual objects are used in a form that complements real objects
  • MR technology virtual objects and real objects are used with equal characteristics.
  • XR technology can be applied to HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices applied with XR technology are XR devices. It can be called as.
  • HMD Head-Mount Display
  • HUD Head-Up Display
  • mobile phones tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc.
  • devices applied with XR technology are XR devices. It can be called as.
  • the claims set forth herein may be combined in a variety of ways.
  • the technical features of the method claims of the present specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of the present specification may be combined to be implemented by a method.
  • the technical characteristics of the method claim of the present specification and the technical characteristics of the device claim may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical characteristics of the method claim of the present specification and the technical characteristics of the device claim may be combined to be implemented by a method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne divers modes de réalisation d'un procédé, mise en œuvre par une STA de réception d'un système de réseau local sans fil, qui peuvent comprendre un procédé de réception d'informations concernant la durée de transmission de données de liaison montante, et, sur la base d'une trame RTS et d'une trame CTS, la transmission des données de liaison montante dans la durée.
PCT/KR2020/006059 2019-06-13 2020-05-08 Technique de transmission de liaison montante par communication optique sans fil dans un système lan sans fil WO2020251170A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2019-0070275 2019-06-13
KR20190070275 2019-06-13
KR20190084091 2019-07-11
KR10-2019-0084091 2019-07-11

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WO2020251170A1 true WO2020251170A1 (fr) 2020-12-17

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130028260A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2013-01-31 Mush-A Co., Ltd. Data processing apparatus, data processing system, and data processing method
US20160127947A1 (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-05-05 Aruba Networks, Inc. Dynamic use of rts and/or cts frames
KR20180043279A (ko) * 2015-08-25 2018-04-27 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 액세스 포인트(ap) 제어 업링크 rts/cts 구성 및 디스에이블먼트
WO2019099542A1 (fr) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-23 Arris Enterprises Llc Adaptation d'une protection rts-cts dans un wlan

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US20130028260A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2013-01-31 Mush-A Co., Ltd. Data processing apparatus, data processing system, and data processing method
US20160127947A1 (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-05-05 Aruba Networks, Inc. Dynamic use of rts and/or cts frames
KR20180043279A (ko) * 2015-08-25 2018-04-27 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 액세스 포인트(ap) 제어 업링크 rts/cts 구성 및 디스에이블먼트
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