WO2020248287A1 - 随机接入的方法和设备 - Google Patents

随机接入的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248287A1
WO2020248287A1 PCT/CN2019/091413 CN2019091413W WO2020248287A1 WO 2020248287 A1 WO2020248287 A1 WO 2020248287A1 CN 2019091413 W CN2019091413 W CN 2019091413W WO 2020248287 A1 WO2020248287 A1 WO 2020248287A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prach resource
prach
information
ssb
index
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PCT/CN2019/091413
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺传峰
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/091413 priority Critical patent/WO2020248287A1/zh
Priority to CN202210089798.6A priority patent/CN114340014B/zh
Priority to CN201980096009.8A priority patent/CN113767707A/zh
Publication of WO2020248287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248287A1/zh
Priority to US17/521,387 priority patent/US12010728B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/008—Transmission of channel access control information with additional processing of random access related information at receiving side

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to methods and devices for random access.
  • NR New Radio Access Technology
  • LBT listen before talk
  • the network device can configure semi-static Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) resources for the terminal device, which is used for the terminal device to perform random access on the unlicensed frequency band.
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the present application provides a random access method and equipment, which can improve the random access performance of terminal equipment on an unlicensed frequency band.
  • a random access method including: a terminal device receives a PDCCH, the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information, the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device, and The PRACH resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: information of the PRACH resource, information of the synchronization signal block SSB associated with the PRACH resource, and information of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource; the terminal The device uses the PRACH resource to send the PRACH according to the PRACH resource indication information.
  • a random access method including: a network device sends a PDCCH, the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information, the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by the network device, and
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: information about the PRACH resource, information about the synchronization signal block SSB associated with the PRACH resource, and information about the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource; the network The device receives the PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • a terminal device in a third aspect, can execute the foregoing first aspect or the method in any optional implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the terminal device may include a functional module for executing the foregoing first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a network device which can execute the foregoing second aspect or any optional implementation of the second aspect.
  • the network device may include a functional module for executing the foregoing second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a terminal device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the foregoing first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a network device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the above-mentioned second aspect or the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is used to call and run a computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the communication device executes the foregoing first aspect or the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • the communication device may be a chip, for example.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is used to call and run a computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the second aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device may be a chip, for example.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that enables a computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that enables a computer to execute the method in the foregoing second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the foregoing second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a computer program which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a communication system including terminal equipment and network equipment.
  • the network device is configured to: send a PDCCH, the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information; and receive a PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • the terminal device is configured to: receive a PDCCH, where the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information; and according to the PRACH resource indication information, use the PRACH resource to send a PRACH.
  • the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device, and the PRACH resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: information about the PRACH resource, and a synchronization signal associated with the PRACH resource Block SSB information, PRACH preamble information transmitted on the PRACH resource.
  • the network equipment can flexibly schedule public PRACH resources for the terminal equipment through the PDCCH for random access by the terminal equipment, thereby increasing the chance of random access for the terminal equipment, and avoiding long-term problems caused by LBT failures.
  • the situation that random access cannot be performed over time improves the random access performance of the terminal equipment.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible wireless communication system applied by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the SSB.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution pattern of SSB under different SCS conditions.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the SSB position index and the SSB QCL index.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the association relationship between the SSB position index and the SSB QCL index.
  • Figure 6(a) is a flow chart of the contention-based random access process.
  • Figure 6(b) is a flow chart of the non-contention based random access process.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the association relationship between the SSB index and the PRACH resource.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow interaction diagram of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of scheduling common PRACH resources through PDCCH.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the association relationship between the SSB location index, the SSB QCL index, and the PRACH resource.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile Communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • LTE-A Advanced long term evolution
  • NR New Radio
  • NR NR
  • NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum, NR-U system on unlicensed frequency bands
  • Universal Mobile Telecommunication System UMTS
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • future 5G systems or other communication systems etc.
  • the communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, a standalone (SA) network deployment scenario, and the like.
  • CA carrier aggregation
  • DC dual connectivity
  • SA standalone
  • the communication system 100 applied in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the communication system 100 may include a network device 110, and the network device 110 may be a device that communicates with a terminal device 120 (or called a communication terminal or terminal).
  • the network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area, and may communicate with terminal devices located in the coverage area.
  • the network device 110 may be a base station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in a GSM system or a CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved base station ( Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB), or the wireless controller in Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), or the network device 110 may be a mobile switching center, a relay station, an access point, a vehicle Wearable devices, hubs, switches, bridges, routers, network-side devices in 5G networks, or network devices in the future evolution of Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), etc.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB, NB base station
  • eNB evolved base station
  • CRAN Cloud Radio Access Network
  • the network device 110 may be a mobile switching center, a relay station, an access point, a vehicle Wearable devices, hubs, switches, bridges, routers, network-side devices in 5G networks, or network devices in the future evolution of Public Land
  • the wireless communication system 100 also includes at least one terminal device 120 located within the coverage area of the network device 110.
  • the terminal device 120 may be mobile or fixed.
  • the terminal device 120 may refer to a user equipment, an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device.
  • the terminal device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (Wireless Local Loop, WLL) station, a personal digital processing (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in the future 5G network, or future evolution of the public land mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN) Terminal equipment, etc., this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • D2D direct terminal
  • the network device 110 may provide services for a cell, and the terminal device 120 communicates with the network device 110 through transmission resources used by the cell, such as frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources.
  • the cell may be a cell corresponding to the network device 110, and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell (Small cell).
  • the small cells here can include: Metro cells, Micro cells, Pico cells, Femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmit power. , Suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include a plurality of network devices, and the coverage area of each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity.
  • Unlicensed frequency bands are the spectrum that can be used for radio equipment communications divided by countries and regions. This spectrum is usually considered to be a shared spectrum, that is, communication equipment in different communication systems only needs to meet the requirements of the country or region on the spectrum The spectrum can be used according to the requirements of the regulations set, and there is no need to apply for a proprietary spectrum authorization from the government.
  • LBT listen before talk
  • Common channels and signals in the NR system need to cover the entire cell by means of multi-beam scanning to facilitate reception by terminal equipment in the cell.
  • Using multi-beam to send synchronization signal blocks can be achieved by defining a synchronization signal block sending set (SS/PBCH burst set).
  • An SS/PBCH burst set includes one or more SSBs.
  • One SSB is used to carry the synchronization signal and broadcast channel of one beam.
  • the SSB may include a primary synchronization signal (Primary Synchronization Signal, PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (Secondary Synchronization Signal, SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH).
  • PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
  • SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
  • one SSB includes a PSS with an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, an SSS with one symbol, and an NR-PBCH with two symbols.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the time-frequency resources occupied by the PBCH include DMRS, and the DMRS can be used for demodulation of the PBCH.
  • All SSBs in the SS/PBCH burst set are sent within a 5ms time window, and can be sent repeatedly in a certain period.
  • the cycle can be configured through the high-level parameter SSB-timing (SSB-timing), and the cycle can be, for example, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, etc.
  • the SSB index (SSB index) of the SSB is obtained through the received SSB, and the SSB index corresponds to the relative position of the SSB within the 5 ms time window.
  • the terminal device can obtain frame synchronization according to the SSB index and the half-frame indication information carried in the PBCH.
  • the SSB index can be indicated by the DMRS of the PBCH or the information carried in the PBCH.
  • FIG. 3 is a distribution pattern of SSB in the case of different subcarrier spacing (SCS).
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • the time slot distribution of the SSB is also different.
  • a slot includes 14 symbols, and two SSBs can be carried in the slot. 4 SSBs are distributed in the first two time slots in the 5ms time window.
  • L is the maximum number of SSBs in the time window, and the value range of the SSB index is [0, L-1].
  • the number of SSBs actually sent can be equal to or less than L.
  • the SSB index is used for frame synchronization, and on the other hand, the SSB index is also used for the terminal device to obtain information about the Quasi-Co-Located (QCL) relationship of the SSB.
  • QCL Quasi-Co-Located
  • the terminal device can filter the SSB with the QCL relationship as the measurement result of the beam level.
  • a network device sends a discovery reference signal (Discovery Reference Signal, DRS) for access and measurement, and the DRS includes at least the SSB.
  • DRS Discovery Reference Signal
  • the SSB may not be successfully transmitted at a predetermined time. Therefore, multiple candidate SSB positions are configured for SSB transmission in NR-U. For example, in a time window of 5 ms, the subcarrier interval for the SSB is 30 kHz, and 20 candidate SSB positions are configured.
  • the subcarrier interval for the SSB is 15 kHz, and 10 candidate SSB positions are configured.
  • the network device determines to use Y SSBs according to the results of the LBT in the time window Which Q of the locations to transmit SSB.
  • the Y SSB locations may be agreed upon by a protocol or configured by a network device.
  • the SSB index in the aforementioned NR system cannot be used to obtain the frame synchronization and the QCL relationship of the SSB at the same time. Therefore, two sets of indexes are required to indicate the SSB position for transmitting the SSB and the QCL relationship of the SSB, namely the SSB position index ( SSB position index) and SSB QCL index (SSB QCL index).
  • the SSB index in the NR system corresponds to the SSB position index and the SSB QCL index in the NRU system.
  • SSBs with different SSB and QCL indexes may also have a QCL relationship.
  • the QCL relationship may be protocol agreement or network device configuration.
  • Q 8 SSB with SSB QCL index 0 and SSB with SSB QCL index 4 have a QCL relationship
  • SSB with SSB QCL index 1 and SSB with QCL index 5 have a QCL relationship.
  • Q 8 SSBs with QCL indexes 0 to 7 do not have a QCL relationship.
  • the network device determines which SSB positions among the candidate SBB positions are used to transmit the SSB according to the result of the LBT in the time window, and the SSB positions where the SSB is actually transmitted in different time windows may be the same or different. As shown in FIG. 4, if the LBT performed by the network device before the SSB position of the SSB position index 12 is successful, the network device starts from the SSB position of the SSB position index 12, and sequentially sends SSBs with SSB QCL indexes 0 to 7.
  • This time window can be used to transmit SSB, and can also be used to transmit at least one of the following information: scheduling the remaining minimum system information (Remaining Minimum System Information, RMSI) control channel resource set, RMSI, channel state information reference signal (Channel Status Information Reference Signal, CSI-RS, Other System Information (OSI) and paging messages.
  • RMSI Remaining Minimum System Information
  • RMSI Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel Status Information Reference Signal
  • OSI Other System Information
  • SSB QCL index Mod (SSB position index, Q), and the value range of SSB QCL index is 0 to Q-1.
  • SSBs with the same Mod (SSB position index, Q) have a QCL relationship.
  • SSB positions with SSB position indexes 0, 8, and 16 are all used to transmit SSB and SSB whose QCL index is 0; SSB positions whose SSB position indexes are 1, 9, and 17 are all used to transmit SSB and QCL indexes are SSB of 1; SSB positions of SSB position index 2, 10, 18 are used to transmit SSB QCL index of 2 SSB; and so on.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a contention-based (RACH, CBRA) random access process and a non-contention-based (Contention-Free based RACH, CFRA) random access process.
  • RACH contention-based
  • CBRA contention-based random access process
  • CFRA non-contention-based RACH
  • the contention-based random access process is shown in Figure 6(a).
  • message 1 the terminal device sends a random access preamble (Random Access Preamble) to the network device; in message 2 (Msg 2) , The network device sends a random access response (Random Access Response, RAR) to the terminal device; in message 3 (Msg 3), scheduled transmission (Scheduled Transmission); in message 4 (Msg 4), contention resolution (Contention Resolution).
  • RAR Random Access Response
  • the random access process based on non-competition is shown in Figure 6(b).
  • message 0 the network device allocates a random access preamble to the terminal device; in Msg 1, the terminal device sends a random access preamble to the network device. Access preamble; in message 2 (Msg 2), the network device sends a random access response to the terminal device.
  • the random access preamble is carried on the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH).
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the PRACH resource used by the terminal device to send the PRACH may be a common PRACH resource configured by the network device, and the terminal device uses the PRACH resource to send the PRACH in a competitive manner.
  • the network device may configure 256 types of PRACH resources, and each PRACH resource has a PRACH configuration index.
  • the network device can indicate to the terminal device the index of the PRACH resource used by the corresponding cell through a system message.
  • the PRACH resources described in the embodiments of the present application may include time domain resources for transmitting PRACH, such as PRACH timing, frequency domain resources, and code domain resources such as PRACH preamble.
  • the PRACH Configuration Index (PRACH Configuration Index) of the PRACH resource is 86.
  • the PRACH configuration includes the preamble format, period, and radio frame offset corresponding to the PRACH resource. , The number of the subframe in the radio frame, the start symbol in the subframe, the number of PRACH slots in the subframe, the number of PRACH opportunities in the PRACH slot, the duration of PRACH opportunities, and other information.
  • the terminal device can determine the PRACH resource information with a PRACH configuration index of 86 based on this information.
  • association relationship there is an association relationship between the PRACH resource and the SSB index.
  • the association relationship can also be indicated to the terminal device through a system message.
  • the terminal device can determine that it can be based on the detected SSB reference and the association relationship.
  • Which of the PRACH resources configured by the network device for the corresponding cell are used for random access.
  • Each PRACH resource includes one or more PRACH occasions (PRACH Occasion).
  • Each SSB can be associated with one or more PRACH occasions, and the terminal device sends PRACH on its associated PRACH occasion.
  • each SSB can also be associated with one or more contention-based preamble indexes, and the terminal device selects a suitable preamble for random access among the preamble indexes associated with the SSB index obtained by the terminal device.
  • SSB index 1 is associated with PRACH resource 1, including PRACH timing 1-1, PRACH timing 1-2, PRACH timing 1-3, and PRACH timing 1-4;
  • SSB index 2 is related to PRACH resource 2, Including PRACH timing 2-1, PRACH timing 2-2, PRACH timing 2-3, and PRACH timing 2-4;
  • SSB index 3 is associated with PRACH resource 3, including PRACH timing 3-1, PRACH timing 3-2, and PRACH Timing 3-3 and PRACH timing 3-4;
  • SSB index 4 is associated with PRACH resource 4, including PRACH timing 4-1, PRACH timing 4-2, PRACH timing 4-3, and PRACH timing 4-4.
  • the terminal device competes to select one of the PRACHs to actually send the PRACH.
  • the PRACH resource used by the terminal device to send the PRACH is designated by the network device for the terminal device.
  • the network device triggers the terminal device to initiate random access by sending a physical downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) command (PDCCH order) to the terminal device.
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • the Downlink Control Information (DCI) in the PDCCH order includes the random access preamble, uplink indicator, or supplementary uplink indicator (Uplink/Supplement Uplink indicator, UL/SUL indicator) used when the terminal device performs random access. , SS/PBCH index, PRACH mask index (PRACH Mask index) and other information.
  • the terminal device After receiving the PDCCH command, the terminal device can, according to the detected SSB index, such as Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) and/or Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ) the SSB index of the highest SSB, And the above-mentioned association relationship between the SSB index configured by the network device and the PRACH resource, the PRACH resource that can be used is determined in the PRACH resource configured by the network device.
  • the terminal device can further determine the PRACH timing actually used by the terminal device according to the PRACH mask index in the PDCCH order.
  • the association relationship between the SSB index and the PRACH resource needs to be changed. That is, the association relationship between SSB location index, SSB QCL index and PRACH resource is established.
  • the terminal device In the unlicensed frequency band, the terminal device needs to obtain the channel use right through LBT. As the terminal device may fail LBT, at this time, the terminal device may not be able to send PRACH on the PRACH resource configured by the network device through the system information, which affects the randomness of the terminal device Access performance.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a random access method.
  • the network device can flexibly schedule public PRACH resources for the terminal device through the PDCCH for the terminal device to perform random access, thereby increasing the random access opportunity for the terminal device and avoiding Random access is not possible for a long time due to LBT failure and other reasons.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow interaction diagram of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 800 may be executed by a terminal device and a network device.
  • the terminal device may be, for example, the terminal device 120 shown in FIG. 1
  • the network device may be, for example, the network device 110 shown in FIG. 1.
  • This method can be applied to contention-based random access procedures.
  • the method 800 may include some or all of the following steps.
  • the network device sends the PDCCH to the terminal device.
  • the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information
  • the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device.
  • the terminal device receives the PDCCH.
  • the terminal device uses the PRACH resource to send the PRACH according to the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the network device receives the PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • the network equipment can also schedule flexible PRACH resources for the terminal equipment through the PDCCH, which increases the chance of random access for the terminal equipment, thus improving the random access of the terminal equipment. Performance.
  • the network equipment is configured with periodic PRACH resources. If the network device obtains the right to use the channel through LBT, the network device can send PDCCH to the terminal device within its Channel Occupancy Time (COT).
  • the PDCCH carries PRACH resource indication information to indicate that the network device is a terminal Common PRACH resources scheduled by the device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the PDCCH, the terminal device can determine the corresponding PRACH resource according to the PRACH resource indication information carried therein, and use the PRACH resource for random access.
  • the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device for the terminal device through the PDCCH may be aperiodic or periodic, and FIG. 9 is only an example.
  • the network device uses the dynamically triggered PRACH resource indicated by the DCI carried by the PDCCH for the terminal device to use, so that the terminal device can use the COT of the network device to complete the PRACH transmission.
  • the PRACH resource indication information may include, for example, at least one of the following information: information about the PRACH resource, information about the SSB associated with the PRACH resource, and the PRACH preamble (also referred to as the PRACH preamble) transmitted on the PRACH resource. Preamble) information.
  • the PRACH preamble information may be, for example, the index of the PRACH preamble.
  • the information of the SSB may be, for example, the SSB index in the NR system, or the SSB position index and/or the SSB QCL index in the NRU system.
  • the PRACH resource indication information may carry one or more SSB position indexes and/or SSB QCL indexes.
  • the SSB position index is used to indicate the resource position of the candidate SSB position for sending the SSB
  • the SSB QCL index is used to indicate the information of the QCL relationship of the SSB.
  • SSBs with the same SSB QCL index are associated with the same PRACH resource.
  • SSB QCL index Mod (SSB position index, Q).
  • Q is a parameter used to determine the SSB QCL index.
  • Q is the maximum number of SSBs that do not have a QCL relationship that are sent within a time window; or, Q is another value pre-appointed or configured by the network device.
  • the time window here can be, for example, a DRS window or other pre-configured windows.
  • the length of the window may be 5 ms, for example.
  • the maximum number of SSBs sent by the network device is L, and the L SSBs do not have a QCL relationship, or in other words, the QCL indexes of the L SSBs are different.
  • the PRACH resource may have an association relationship with the SSB location index and the SSB QCL index.
  • SSBs with the same SSB QCL index are QCLs
  • SSBs with the same SSB QCL index are associated with the same PRACH resource.
  • SSB QCL index 0 is associated with PRACH resource 0
  • SSB QCL index 1 is associated with PRACH resource 1
  • SSB QCL index 2 is associated with PRACH resource 2
  • SSB QCL index 3 is associated with PRACH resource 3
  • SSB QCL index 4 Associated with PRACH resource 4
  • SSB QCL index 5 is associated with PRACH resource 5
  • SSB QCL index 6 is associated with PRACH resource 6
  • SSB QCL index 7 is associated with PRACH resource 7.
  • SSB position indexes 0, 8 and 16 correspond to the same SSB QCL index 0, that is, SSB position indexes 0, 8 and 16 are associated with PRACH resource 0, and SSB position indexes 0, 8, and 16 are sent between SSB positions Has a QCL relationship;
  • SSB position index 1, 9 and 17 correspond to the same SSB QCL index 1, that is, SSB position index 1, 9 and 17 are associated with PRACH resource 1, and
  • SSB position index is 1, 9 and 17 SSB position
  • SSB position indexes 2, 10, and 18 correspond to the same SSB QCL index 2, that is, SSB position indexes 2, 10, and 18 are associated with PRACH resource 2, and
  • SSB position indexes are 2, 10, and 18.
  • the SSBs sent at the SSB position have a QCL relationship; SSB position indexes 3, 11, and 19 correspond to the same SSB QCL index 3. That is, SSB position indexes 3, 11, and 19 are associated with PRACH resource 3, and the SSB position index is 3.
  • the SSBs sent at the SSB positions 11 and 19 have a QCL relationship, and the PRACH resources associated with other SSB position indexes can be determined by a similar method.
  • the PRACH resource associated with one SSB may include one or more PRACH occasions, that is, one SSB is associated with one or more PRACH occasions. Moreover, multiple SSBs can be associated with the same or different PRACH occasions.
  • the association relationship between the PRACH resource, the SSB location index and the SSB QCL index may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device through a system message, such as ssb-perRACH-OccasionAndCB-PreamblesPerSSB carried in the system message.
  • Q may be carried in system information or DMRS of the PBCH; or the Q is pre-configured.
  • DMRS sequences which can indicate 3 bits of information, which can be used to indicate Q.
  • the SSB index may also have an association relationship with the PRACH preamble, and the terminal device will use the PRACH preamble associated with the SSB index detected by it to perform random access.
  • one SSB can be associated with one or more PRACH preambles, and multiple SSBs can be associated with the same or different PRACH preambles.
  • the PRACH resource indication information may include one or more of the following information: PRACH resource information, SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index, PRACH preamble index.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes PRACH resource information
  • the terminal device obtains the PRACH resource scheduled for it by the network device according to the PRACH resource information, and uses the PRACH resource for random access.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes the SSB location index and/or the SSB QCL index
  • the terminal device can be based on the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index, and the relationship between the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index and the PRACH resource To determine the PRACH resources it can use.
  • the association relationship may be indicated to the terminal device by the network device through system information, for example. The association relationship may be as shown in FIG. 10, for example.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes the SSB index and the PRACH resource information.
  • the PRACH resource may be a PRACH resource configured by the network device for certain SSB indexes. If the SSB index detected by the terminal device is the SSB index carried in the PRACH resource indication information, the terminal device can use the PRACH resource scheduled by the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the terminal device may detect the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index, and the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index For the association relationship with the PRACH resource, in the PRACH resource indicated by the PRACH resource indication information, the PRACH resource that can be used by the terminal device is determined.
  • the association relationship may be as shown in FIG. 10, for example.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes the information of the PRACH resource, and includes the index of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource.
  • the terminal device obtains the PRACH resource scheduled for it by the network device according to the PRACH resource information, and uses the PRACH preamble on the PRACH resource to perform random access.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes a PRACH preamble index.
  • the terminal device determines the PRACH resources that can be used by the PRACH preamble index, the PRACH preamble index, the SSB position index, and/or the SSB QCL index, and the association relationship among the PRACH resources.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes the SSB position index and/or the SSB QCL index, and includes the PRACH preamble index.
  • the terminal device can determine the PRACH resources that can be used by the terminal device according to the detected SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index, and the association relationship between the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index and the PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH preamble is used on the resource for random access.
  • the PRACH resource indication information includes the SSB location index and/or the SSB QCL index, the information of the PRACH resource, and the PRACH preamble index.
  • the terminal device can use the detected SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index, as well as the association relationship between the SSB location index and/or SSB QCL index and the PRACH resource, in the PRACH resource determined according to the PRACH resource information , Select the PRACH resource that can be used by the terminal equipment, and use the PRACH preamble on the PRACH resource to perform random access.
  • the PRACH resource information may include at least one of the following information:
  • the index of the PRACH resource the information of the time-frequency position of the PRACH resource, the format of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource, the information of the PRACH timing that can be used for random access in the PRACH resource, the effective duration of the PRACH resource, The offset of the PRACH resource relative to the specific resource.
  • the index of the PRACH resource may be, for example, a PRACH configuration index (PRACH configuration index).
  • PRACH configuration index PRACH configuration index
  • Multiple PRACH resources can be pre-configured, and each PRACH resource has a PRACH configuration index.
  • the network device indicates a PRACH configuration index to the terminal device through the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the terminal device can know which of the multiple PRACH resources that the network device flexibly schedules for the PRACH resource is pre-configured .
  • the multiple pre-configured PRACH resources can reuse the PRACH resources periodically configured by the network device through the system information.
  • the time-frequency position information of the PRACH resource may include at least one of the following information: the period of the PRACH resource, the offset of the radio frame in which the PRACH resource is located, and the subframe occupied by the PRACH resource in the radio frame.
  • the number of the PRACH resource, the start symbol of the PRACH resource in the subframe, the number of time slots occupied by the PRACH resource in the subframe, the number of PRACH occasions in the time slot, and the duration of the PRACH occasion The network device carries one or more of these parameters in the PRACH resource indication information, so that the terminal device can determine the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device according to these parameters.
  • the time-frequency position information of the PRACH resource may also include other parameters, such as the time domain length, time domain start and end positions, frequency domain length, frequency domain start and end positions, preamble format and other information of the PRACH resource scheduled by the network equipment.
  • the terminal device determines the PRACH resource scheduled for it by the network device according to the information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the time-frequency location information of the PRACH resource in the PRACH resource indication information, as long as it can be used to determine the time-frequency resource location for sending the PRACH.
  • the information of PRACH occasions in the PRACH resource that can be used for random access refers to which of the multiple PRACH occasions included in the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device are the PRACH scheduled this time and can be used by the terminal device to send PRACH. opportunity.
  • the terminal device can determine which PRACH occasions in the PRACH resources indicated by the PRACH resource indication information can be used to send the PRACH according to the PRACH occasion information.
  • the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device through the PDCCH includes 4 PRACH occasions, and the first two PRACH occasions are indicated in the PRACH resource indication information, then the terminal device can send on the first two PRACH occasions of the 4 PRACH occasions PRACH.
  • the effective duration of the PRACH resource refers to that the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device this time can be used for random access by the terminal device within the effective duration, and it can also be called the effective time interval.
  • the effective duration may be less than or equal to the COT of the network device, for example.
  • the effective duration may also be indicated not by the PRACH resource indication information, but by the COT indication information.
  • the offset of the PRACH resource relative to the specific resource may be the offset of the PRACH resource relative to the PRACH resource configured by the network device through system information.
  • the terminal device may determine a PRACH resource according to the index of the PRACH resource, and offset the PRACH resource indicated by the index according to the offset time , So as to obtain the location of the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device.
  • the offset of the PRACH resource relative to a specific resource may also be the offset of the PRACH resource relative to the PDCCH carrying the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the PRACH resource indication information carries the time domain length of the PRACH resource and the offset.
  • the terminal device may be separated from the PDCCH by the offset and the length is equal to the offset.
  • the time domain length resource is determined as the PRACH resource scheduled by the network device.
  • the offset of the PRACH resource relative to a specific resource may also be the offset of the PRACH resource relative to the COT indicated by the COT indication information, for example, relative to the start or end time of the COT.
  • the specific resource may also be a PRACH resource determined based on the time-frequency position information of the PRACH resource carried in the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the PRACH resource indication information carries the time-frequency location information of the PRACH resource and the offset, and the terminal device will offset the PRACH resource determined based on the time-frequency location information according to the offset to obtain the network The location of the PRACH resource scheduled by the device.
  • the specific resource may also be another previously known or preset resource location, which is not limited in this application.
  • the offset may include an offset in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the PRACH resource indication information and the COT indication information are located in the same DCI carried by the PDCCH.
  • the PDCCH overhead can be reduced by carrying the PRACH resource indication information and the COT indication information in the same DCI.
  • the COT indication information is used to indicate that the network device obtains a channel.
  • the COT indication information may include, for example, at least one of the following information: the start and end time of the COT of the network device, the frequency domain information of the COT, The time slot format of the COT, the shared information of the COT, and the length of the COT.
  • the PDCCH is the PDCCH in the common search space.
  • the PRACH resource indication information and the COT indication information are carried on the group common PDCCH (Group common PDCCH) in the common search space, and are used to indicate the COT information obtained by the network device.
  • the PRACH opportunity in the common PRACH resource triggered by the PDCCH occupies the uplink symbol in the COT.
  • the aforementioned PDCCH may be a PDCCH order (PDCCH order).
  • the PDCCH order is used to schedule its dedicated PRACH resource for the terminal device.
  • the PDCCH carries the SSB position index and/or the SSB QCL index.
  • the terminal device can obtain PRACH resources for sending PRACH according to the SSB location index and/or the SSB QCL index.
  • the terminal device determines the PRACH resource associated with the SSB QCL index according to the association relationship between the PRACH resource and the SSB QCL index, and uses the PRACH resource to send the PRACH.
  • the terminal device may also determine the preamble used by the terminal device according to the association relationship between the SSB QCL index and the preamble, the association relationship between the SSB position index and the preamble, or the association relationship between the PRACH resource and the preamble.
  • the terminal device obtains the SSB location index through detection, and determines the PRACH resource associated with the SSB location index according to the association relationship between the SSB location index and the PRACH resource, and uses the PRACH resource to send the PRACH.
  • Mod (SSB position index, Q) the same SSB position index is associated with the same PRACH resource.
  • the terminal device may also determine the preamble to be used according to the association relationship between the SSB position index and the preamble, or the association relationship between the PRACH resource and the preamble.
  • the terminal device calculates the SSB QCL index according to the SSB location index, and determines the preamble used by it according to the association relationship between the SSB QCL index and the preamble.
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not correspond to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. Constitute any limitation.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the terminal device 1100 includes a receiving unit 1110 and a sending unit 1120.
  • the receiving unit 1110 is configured to receive a PDCCH, where the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information, the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device, and the PRACH resource indication information includes at least one of the following information Type: information of the PRACH resource, information of the synchronization signal block SSB associated with the PRACH resource, and information of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource;
  • the sending unit 1120 is configured to use the PRACH resource to send the PRACH according to the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the network equipment can flexibly schedule public PRACH resources for the terminal equipment through the PDCCH for random access by the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal equipment receives the PDCCH to obtain the opportunity for random access, avoiding the long time caused by LBT failure and other reasons.
  • the situation that random access cannot be performed improves the random access performance of the terminal device.
  • the PRACH resource information includes at least one of the following information: the index of the PRACH resource, the time-frequency position information of the PRACH resource, the format of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource, The information of the PRACH timing available for random access in the PRACH resource, the effective duration of the PRACH resource, and the offset of the PRACH resource relative to the PRACH resource configured by the network device through system information.
  • the information of the time-frequency position of the PRACH resource includes at least one of the following information: the period of the PRACH resource, the offset of the radio frame in which the PRACH resource is located, the location of the PRACH resource in the radio The number of the subframe occupied in the frame, the start symbol of the PRACH resource in the subframe, the number of time slots occupied by the PRACH resource in the subframe, and the number of PRACH opportunities in the time slot Number, and the duration of the PRACH opportunity.
  • the information of the SSB includes an SSB index.
  • the SSB index includes an SSB position index and/or an SSB QCL index, where the SSB position index is used to indicate a position for sending the SSB among candidate SSB positions, and the SSB QCL index is used for Information indicating the QCL relationship of the SSB.
  • SSBs with the same SSB QCL index are associated with the same PRACH resource.
  • the SSB QCL index Mod (the SSB position index, Q), where the Q is the maximum number of SSBs that do not have a QCL relationship sent within a time window.
  • the Q is carried in the system information or the demodulation reference signal DMRS of the physical broadcast channel PBCH; or the Q is pre-configured.
  • the PRACH preamble information includes the index of the PRACH preamble.
  • the PRACH resource indication information and the COT indication information are located in the same DCI carried by the PDCCH.
  • the COT indication information includes at least one of the following information: the start and end time of the COT of the network device, the frequency domain information of the COT, the time slot format of the COT, and the sharing of the COT Information, and the COT length.
  • the PRACH timing occupies uplink symbols in the COT.
  • the PDCCH is a PDCCH in a common search space.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a network device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12, the network device 1200 includes a sending unit 1210 and a receiving unit 1220.
  • the sending unit 1210 is configured to send a physical downlink control channel PDCCH, the PDCCH includes physical random access channel PRACH resource indication information, the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device, the PRACH resource
  • the indication information includes at least one of the following information: information of the PRACH resource, information of the synchronization signal block SSB associated with the PRACH resource, and information of the PRACH preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource;
  • the receiving unit 1220 is configured to receive the PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • network equipment can flexibly schedule common PRACH resources for terminal equipment through PDCCH for random access by terminal equipment, thereby increasing random access opportunities for terminal equipment and avoiding long-term failure due to LBT failure and other reasons.
  • the random access situation improves the random access performance of the terminal equipment.
  • the information of the PRACH resource includes at least one of the following information: the index of the PRACH resource, the period of the PRACH resource, the information of the time-frequency position of the PRACH resource, and the transmission on the PRACH resource
  • the information about the time-frequency position of the PRACH resource includes at least one of the following information: the offset of the radio frame in which the PRACH resource is located, and the number of subframes occupied by the PRACH resource in the radio frame Number, the start symbol of the PRACH resource in the subframe, the number of timeslots occupied by the PRACH resource in the subframe, the number of PRACH opportunities in the timeslot, and the PRACH opportunity Duration.
  • the information of the SSB includes an SSB index.
  • the SSB index includes an SSB position index and/or an SSB quasi-co-located QCL index, where the SSB position index is used to indicate a position for sending the SSB among candidate SSB positions, and the SSB QCL The index is used to indicate the information of the QCL relationship of the SSB.
  • SSBs with the same SSB QCL index are associated with the same PRACH resource.
  • the SSB QCL index Mod (the SSB position index, Q), where the Q is the maximum number of SSBs that do not have a QCL relationship sent within a time window.
  • the Q is carried in the system information or the demodulation reference signal DMRS of the physical broadcast channel PBCH; or the Q is pre-configured.
  • the PRACH preamble information includes the index of the PRACH preamble.
  • the PRACH resource indication information and the COT indication information are located in the same DCI carried by the PDCCH.
  • the COT indication information includes at least one of the following information: the start and end time of the COT of the network device, the frequency domain information of the COT, the time slot format of the COT, and the sharing of the COT Information, and the COT length.
  • the PRACH timing occupies uplink symbols in the COT.
  • the PDCCH is a PDCCH in a common search space.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1300 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1300 shown in FIG. 13 includes a processor 1310, and the processor 1310 can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a memory 1320.
  • the processor 1310 may call and run a computer program from the memory 1320 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1320 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1310, or it may be integrated in the processor 1310.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a transceiver 1330, and the processor 1310 may control the transceiver 1330 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it may send information or data to other devices, or receive other devices. Information or data sent by the device.
  • the transceiver 1330 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 1330 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.
  • the communication device 1300 may specifically be a terminal device of an embodiment of the application, and the communication device 1300 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the application. For brevity, details are not repeated here. .
  • the communication device 1300 may specifically be a network device of an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1300 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For brevity, details are not repeated here. .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1400 shown in FIG. 14 includes a processor 1410, and the processor 1410 can call and run a computer program from a memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1400 may further include a memory 1420.
  • the processor 1410 may call and run a computer program from the memory 1420 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1420 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1410, or it may be integrated in the processor 1410.
  • the device 1400 may further include an input interface 1430.
  • the processor 1410 can control the input interface 1430 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, can obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.
  • the device 1400 may further include an output interface 1440.
  • the processor 1410 can control the output interface 1440 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, can output information or data to other devices or chips.
  • the apparatus 1400 may be applied to the network equipment in the embodiments of the present application, and the communication apparatus may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • details are not described herein again.
  • the device 1400 may be applied to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device may implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1400 may be a chip.
  • the chip may also be a system-level chip, a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, or a system-on-chip.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the aforementioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a ready-made programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA ready-made programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM synchronous connection dynamic random access memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), and synchronous Dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamics Random access memory (synch link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM), etc. That is to say, the memory in the embodiment of the present application is intended to include but not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 1500 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication system 1500 includes a network device 1510 and a terminal device 1520.
  • the network device 1510 is configured to: send a PDCCH, the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information; and receive the PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • the terminal device 1520 is configured to receive a PDCCH, and the PDCCH includes PRACH resource indication information; the terminal device uses the PRACH resource to send a PRACH according to the PRACH resource indication information.
  • the PRACH resource indication information is used to indicate a common PRACH resource scheduled by a network device, and the PRACH resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: information about the PRACH resource, and a synchronization signal associated with the PRACH resource Block SSB information, PRACH preamble information transmitted on the PRACH resource; receiving the PRACH sent by the terminal device using the PRACH resource.
  • the network device 1510 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the network device in the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the composition of the network device 1510 can be as shown in the network device 1200 in FIG. Repeat.
  • the terminal device 1520 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the terminal device in the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the composition of the terminal device 1520 can be as shown in the terminal device 1100 in FIG. Repeat.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. Repeat.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program.
  • the computer program can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • I won’t repeat it here the computer program can be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of the present invention are often used interchangeably herein.
  • the term “and/or” in this article is only an association relationship describing associated objects, which means that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, exist alone B these three situations.
  • the character "/" in this text generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • B corresponding (corresponding) to A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B according to A does not mean that B is determined only according to A, and B can also be determined according to A and/or other information.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integrate into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

提供了一种随机接入的网络设备和设备，能够提高非授权频段上终端设备的随机接入的性能。该网络设备包括：终端设备接收PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；所述终端设备根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。

Description

随机接入的方法和设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及随机接入的方法和设备。
背景技术
5G系统或称新无线(New Radio Access Technology，NR)系统中，支持非授权频段(unlicensed spectrum)上的数据传输。在非授权频段的NR(NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum，NR-U)系统中，终端设备和网络设备需要基于先听后说(Listen Before Talk，LBT)的原则进行信号传输。即，在信号发送之前，需要先进行信道侦听。当侦听结果为信道空闲时才能发送，而当侦听结果为信道忙时则不能发送。
网络设备可以为终端设备配置半静态的物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)资源，用于终端设备进行非授权频段上的随机接入。但是，由于终端设备可能LBT失败，这时，终端设备在预定的PRACH资源上就无法发送PRACH，从而影响了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种随机接入的方法和设备，能够提高非授权频段上终端设备的随机接入的性能。
第一方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，包括：终端设备接收PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；所述终端设备根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，包括：网络设备发送PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；所述网络设备接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
第三方面，提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可选的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该终端设备可以包括用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能模块。
第四方面，提供了一种网络设备，该网络设备可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可选的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该网络设备可以包括用于执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能模块。
第五方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种网络设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该通信装置的设备执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
该通信装置例如可以是芯片。
第八方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
该通信装置例如可以是芯片。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十五方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括终端设备和网络设备。
所述网络设备用于：发送PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息；接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
所述终端设备用于：接收PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息；根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
其中，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息。
基于上述技术方案，网络设备可以通过PDCCH灵活地为终端设备调度公共的PRACH资源用于终端设备进行随机接入，从而为终端设备增加了随机接入的机会，避免由于LBT失败等原因造成的长时间无法进行随机接入的情况，提高了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例应用的一种可能的无线通信系统的示意图。
图2是SSB的结构示意图。
图3是不同SCS的情况下SSB的分布图样的示意图。
图4是SSB位置索引和SSB QCL索引的示意图。
图5是SSB位置索引与SSB QCL索引之间的关联关系的示意图。
图6(a)是基于竞争的随机接入过程的流程交互图。
图6(b)是基于非竞争的随机接入过程的流程交互图。
图7是SSB索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例的随机接入的方法的流程交互图。
图9是通过PDCCH调度公共的PRACH资源的示意图。
图10是SSB位置索引、SSB QCL索引、以及PRACH资源之间的关联关系的示意图。
图11是本申请实施例的终端设备的示意性框图。
图12是本申请实施例的网络设备的示意性框图。
图13是本申请实施例的通信设备的示意性结构图。
图14是本申请实施例的通信装置的示意性结构图。
图15是本申请实施例的通信系统的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile Communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)系统、先进的长期演进(Advanced long term evolution，LTE-A)系统、新无线(New Radio，NR)系统、NR系统的演进系统、非授权频段上的LTE(LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum，LTE-U)系统、非授权频段上的NR(NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum，NR-U)系统、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)、未来的5G系统或其他通信系统等。
通常来说，传统的通信系统支持的连接数有限，也易于实现。然而，随着通信技术的发展，移动通信系统将不仅支持传统的通信，还将支持例如设备到设备(Device to Device，D2D)通信、机器到机器(Machine to Machine，M2M)通信、机器类型通信(Machine Type Communication，MTC)和车辆间(Vehicle to Vehicle，V2V)通信等，本申请实施例也可以应用于这些通信系统。
可选地，本申请实施例中的通信系统可以应用于载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)场景、双连接(Dual Connectivity，DC)场景、独立(Standalone，SA)布网场景等。
示例性的，本申请实施例应用的通信系统100如图1所示。该通信系统100可以包括网络设备110，网络设备110可以是与终端设备120(或称为通信终端、终端)通信的设备。网络设备110可以为特定的地理区域提供通信覆盖，并且可以与位于该覆盖区域内的终端设备进行通信。
可选地，网络设备110可以是GSM系统或CDMA系统中的基站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA系统中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(Evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)，或者是云无线接入网络(Cloud Radio Access Network，CRAN)中的无线控制器，或者网络设备110可以为移动交换中心、中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备、集线器、交换机、网桥、路由器、5G网络中的网络侧设备或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)中的网络设备等。
该无线通信系统100还包括位于网络设备110覆盖范围内的至少一个终端设备120。终端设备120可以是移动的或固定的。可选地，终端设备120可以指用户设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。其中，可选地，终端设备120之间也可以进行终端直连(Device to Device，D2D)通信。
网络设备110可以为小区提供服务，终端设备120通过该小区使用的传输资源，例如频域资源，或者说频谱资源，与网络设备110进行通信。该小区可以是网络设备110对应的小区，小区可以属于宏基站，也可以属于小小区(Small cell)对应的基站。这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(Metro cell)、微小区(Micro cell)、微微小区(Pico cell)、毫微微小区(Femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围 小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
图1示例性地示出了一个网络设备和两个终端设备，但本申请并不限于此。该无线通信系统100可以包括多个网络设备并且每个网络设备的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的终端设备。此外，该无线通信系统100还可以包括网络控制器、移动性管理实体等其他网络实体。
非授权频段(或称非授权频谱)是国家和地区划分的可用于无线电设备通信的频谱，该频谱通常被认为是共享频谱，即不同通信系统中的通信设备只要满足国家或地区在该频谱上设置的法规要求，就可以使用该频谱，不需要向政府申请专有的频谱授权。
为了让使用非授权频谱进行无线通信的各个通信系统在该频谱上能够友好共存，一些国家或地区规定了使用非授权频谱必须满足的法规要求。例如，通信设备遵循“先听后说(LBT)”原则，即通信设备在非授权频谱的信道上进行信号发送前，需要先进行信道侦听，只有当信道侦听结果为信道空闲时，该通信设备才能进行信号发送；如果通信设备在非授权频谱的信道上的信道侦听结果为信道忙，该通信设备不能进行信号发送。
NR系统中的公共信道和信号，例如同步信号和广播信道，需要通过多波束扫描的方式覆盖整个小区，以便于小区内的终端设备进行接收。使用多波束发送同步信号块(Synchronizing Signal/PBCH Block，SSB、SS Block或SS/PBCH Block)，可以通过定义同步信号块发送集合(SS/PBCH burst set)来实现。一个SS/PBCH burst set包括一个或多个SSB。一个SSB用于承载一个波束的同步信号和广播信道。因此，一个SS/PBCH burst set可以包括小区内SSB数量(SSB number)个波束的同步信号，其中SSB数量的最大值L与系统的频段有关。例如，对于高于3GHz的频率范围，L＝4；对于3GHz至6GHz的频率范围，L＝8；对于6GHz至52.6GHz的频率范围，L＝64。
可选地，SSB可以包括主同步信号(Primary Synchronization Signal，PSS)和辅同步信号(Secondary Synchronization Signal，SSS)、物理广播信道(Physical Broadcast Channel，PBCH)。例如图2所示，一个SSB中包括一个正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号的PSS、一个符号的SSS和两个符号的NR-PBCH。其中，PBCH所占的时频资源中包括DMRS，该DMRS可以用于PBCH的解调。
SS/PBCH burst set内所有的SSB在5ms的时间窗口内发送，并且可以按照一定的周期重复发送。该周期可以通过高层的参数SSB定时(SSB-timing)进行配置，该周期例如可以是5ms、10ms、20ms、40ms、80ms、160ms等。对于终端设备来说，通过接收到的SSB得到该SSB的SSB索引(SSB index)，该SSB索引对应该SSB在该5ms时间窗口内的相对位置。终端设备根据该SSB索引和PBCH中承载的半帧指示信息，可以获得帧同步。其中，SSB索引可以通过PBCH的DMRS或者PBCH中承载的信息来指示。
图3是不同子载波间隔(Subcarrier Spacing，SCS)的情况下SSB的分布图样。其中，在不同的子载波间隔和频段下，SSB的时隙分布也不同。例如图3中第一行所示，15kHz子载波间隔的情况下，SSB的最大数量L＝4。一个时隙(slot)包括14个符号(symbol)，该时隙内可以承载两个SSB。在该5ms时间窗口内的前两个时隙内分布了4个SSB。
L是该时间窗口内的最大SSB数量，SSB索引的取值范围为[0，L-1]。实际发送的SSB的数量可以等于或者小于L。一方面，SSB索引用于帧同步，另一方面，SSB索引也用于终端设备获得SSB的准共址(Quasi-Co-Located，QCL)关系的信息。在不同的SSB位置上接收到的两个SSB的SSB索引相同时，可以认为这两个SSB之间具有QCL关系。当两个参考信号例如SSB之间具有QCL关系，或者说两个参考信号之间是QCL，则可以认为这两个参考信号的大尺度参数，例如多普勒时延、平均时延、空间接收参数等是可以相互推断的，或者可以认为是类似的。在对SSB进行测量时，终端设备可以将具有QCL关系的SSB做滤波处理，作为波束级别的测量结果。
在NR-U系统中，对于一个主小区(Primary cell，Pcell)，网络设备发送发现参考信号(Discovery  Reference Signal，DRS)用于接入和测量等，该DRS中至少包括SSB。考虑到非授权频谱上获得信道使用权的不确定性，在SSB的发送过程中，由于存在LBT失败的可能，在预定的时刻可能无法成功发送SSB。因此，NR-U中为SSB的传输配置了多个候选的SSB位置。例如，在一个5ms的时间窗口里，针对SSB的子载波间隔为30kHz，配置20个候选的SSB位置。又例如，在一个5ms的时间窗口里，针对SSB的子载波间隔为15kHz，配置10个候选的SSB位置。假设网络设备在每个时间窗口内发送的SSB的最大数量为Q，每个时间窗口内的候选的SSB位置的数量为Y，则网络设备根据该时间窗口内的LBT的结果确定使用Y个SSB位置中的哪Q个位置来传输SSB。其中，Y个SSB位置可以是协议约定或者网络设备配置的。
在这种情况下，使用前述NR系统中的SSB索引无法同时获得帧同步和SSB的QCL关系，因此需要两套索引分别表示用于传输SSB的SSB位置和SSB的QCL关系，即SSB位置索引(SSB position index)和SSB QCL索引(SSB QCL index)。也就是说，NR系统中的SSB索引对应于NRU系统中的SSB位置索引和SSB QCL index。
以图4为例进行说明。假设在一个5ms的时间窗口内配置了Y＝20个候选的SSB位置，这20个SSB位置的索引分别为SSB位置索引0至19，其中每个SSB位置上可用于传输一个SSB。网络设备在该时间窗口内传输的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量为Q＝8，这8个SSB的索引分别为SSB QCL索引0至7。这样，通过SSB位置索引0至19可以获得帧同步，而根据SSB QCL索引0至7可以获得SSB的QCL关系。其中，具有相同的SSB QCL索引的SSB之间具有QCL关系或者说是QCL的，具有不同的SSB QCL index的SSB之间不存在QCL关系。
应理解，具有不同的SSB QCL索引的SSB之间也可以具有QCL关系。其中，该QCL关系可以为协议约定或者网络设备配置的。例如，Q＝8，SSB QCL索引为0的SSB和SSB QCL索引为4的SSB之间具有QCL关系，SSB QCL索引为1的SSB和SSB QCL索引为5的SSB之间具有QCL关系。但本申请实施例中仅以具有不同的SSB QCL索引的SSB之间不具有QCL关系的情况为例进行描述，例如Q＝8时，SSB QCL索引0至7的SSB之间不具有QCL关系。
网络设备根据该时间窗口内LBT的结果，确定使用候选的SBB位置中的哪些SSB位置传输SSB，不同的时间窗口内实际传输SSB的SSB位置可能相同或者不同。如图4所示，如果网络设备在SSB位置索引12的SSB位置前进行的LBT成功，则网络设备从SSB位置索引12的SSB位置开始，依次发送SSB QCL索引为0至7的SSB。
该时间窗口除了可以用于传输SSB，还可以用于传输以下信息中的至少一个：调度剩余最小系统信息(Remaining Minimum System Information，RMSI)的控制信道资源集合、RMSI、信道状态信息参考信号(Channel Status Information Reference Signal，CSI-RS)、其他系统信息(Other System Information，OSI)和寻呼消息。
SSB位置索引与SSB QCL索引之间具有一定的关联关系，例如，SSB QCL索引＝Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)，SSB QCL索引的取值范围为0到Q-1。Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)相同的SSB具有QCL关系。例如图5所示，SSB位置索引为0、8、16的SSB位置均用于传输SSB QCL索引为0的SSB；SSB位置索引为1、9、17的SSB位置均用于传输SSB QCL索引为1的SSB；SSB位置索引为2、10、18的SSB位置均用于传输SSB QCL索引为2的SSB；以此类推。
本申请实施例的方法可以应用于基于竞争(Contention based RACH，CBRA)的随机接入过程和基于非竞争(Contention-Free based RACH，CFRA)的随机接入过程。
基于竞争的随机接入过程例如图6(a)所示，在消息1(Msg 1)中，终端设备向网络设备发送随机接入前导码(Random Access Preamble)；在消息2(Msg 2)中，网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应(Random Access Response，RAR)；在消息3(Msg 3)中，进行调度传输(Scheduled Transmission)；在消息4(Msg 4)中，进行竞争解决(Contention Resolution)。
基于非竞争的随机接入过程例如图6(b)所示，在消息0(Msg 0)中，网络设备为终端设备分配随机接入前导码；在Msg 1中，终端设备向网络设备发送随机接入前导码；在消息2(Msg 2)中，网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应。
随机接入前导码承载于物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)。在NR系统中，对于基于竞争的随机接入过程，终端设备发送PRACH所使用的PRACH资源可以是网络设备配置的公共的PRACH资源，终端设备通过竞争的方式使用该PRACH资源发送PRACH。网络设备例如可以配置256种PRACH资源，每种PRACH资源具有一个PRACH配置索引。网络设备可以通过系统消息向终端设备指示相应小区使用的PRACH资源的索引。本申请实施例中所述的PRACH资源可以包括用于发送PRACH的时域资源例如PRACH时机、频域资源、码域资源例如PRACH前导码等。
表一中所示为一种可能的PRACH资源的配置，该PRACH资源的PRACH配置索引(PRACH Configuration Index)为86，该PRACH配置中包括该PRACH资源对应的前导码格式、周期、无线帧偏移、无线帧内的子帧编号、子帧内的起始符号、子帧内的PRACH时隙的个数、PRACH时隙内的PRACH时机的个数、PRACH时机的持续时间等信息。终端设备根据这些信息可以确定PRACH配置索引为86的PRACH资源的信息。
表一
Figure PCTCN2019091413-appb-000001
本申请实施例中，PRACH资源与SSB索引之间具有关联关系，该关联关系也可以通过系统消息指示给终端设备，终端设备可以根据检测获得的SSB的SSB做引以及该关联关系，确定其可以使用网络设备为相应小区配置的PRACH资源中的哪些资源进行随机接入。每个PRACH资源中包括一个或多个PRACH时机(PRACH Occasion)。每个SSB可以关联于一个或者多个PRACH时机，终端设备在其关联的PRACH时机上发送PRACH。另外，每个SSB也可以关联于一个或多个基于竞争的前导码索引，终端设备在其获取的SSB索引所关联的前导码索引中，选择合适前导码进行随机接入。
例如图7所示，SSB索引1关联于PRACH资源1，其中包括PRACH时机1-1、PRACH时机1-2、PRACH时机1-3和PRACH时机1-4；SSB索引2关联于PRACH资源2，其中包括PRACH时机2-1、PRACH时机2-2、PRACH时机2-3和PRACH时机2-4；SSB索引3关联于PRACH资源3，其中包括PRACH时机3-1、PRACH时机3-2、PRACH时机3-3和PRACH时机3-4；SSB索引4关联于PRACH资源4，其中包括PRACH时机4-1、PRACH时机4-2、PRACH时机4-3和PRACH时机4-4。终端设备在其SSB索引关联的PRACH多个PRACH时机中，竞争选择其中的一个PRACH实际发送PRACH。
对于基于非竞争的随机接入过程，终端设备发送PRACH所使用的PRACH资源是网络设备为终端设备指定的。网络设备通过向终端设备发送物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)命令(PDCCH order)触发终端设备发起随机接入。该PDCCH命令中的下行控制信息(Downlink Control Information，DCI)包括该终端设备进行随机接入时使用的随机接入前导码、上行指示或补充上行指示(Uplink/Supplement Uplink indicator，UL/SUL indicator)、SS/PBCH索引、PRACH掩码索引(PRACH Mask index)等信息。终端设备接收到PDCCH命令后，可以根据检测得到的SSB索引例如参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Receiving Power，RSRP)和/或参考信号接收质量(Reference Signal  Receiving Quality，RSRQ)最高的SSB的SSB索引，以及上述的网络设备配置的SSB索引与PRACH资源的关联关系，在网络设备配置的PRACH资源中确定其能够使用的PRACH资源。并且，终端设备根据PDCCH命令中的PRACH掩码索引，可以进一步确定其实际使用的PRACH时机。
由于在NRU系统中，SSB索引已经无法适应上述场景，因此，需要对SSB索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系进行改变。即建立SSB位置索引、SSB QCL索引以及PRACH资源之间的关联关系。
在非授权频段中，终端设备需要通过LBT获得信道使用权，由于终端设备可能LBT失败，这时，终端设备在网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源上可能无法发送PRACH，影响了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
本申请实施例提出一种随机接入的方法，网络设备可以通过PDCCH灵活地为终端设备调度公共的PRACH资源用于终端设备进行随机接入，从而为终端设备增加了随机接入的机会，避免由于LBT失败等原因造成的长时间无法进行随机接入的情况。
图8是本申请实施例的随机接入的方法的流程交互图。如图8所示，该方法800可以由终端设备和网络设备执行，该终端设备例如可以是图1中所示的终端设备120，该网络设备例如可以是图1中所示的网络设备110。该方法可以应用于基于竞争的随机接入过程。该方法800可以包括以下步骤中的部分或全部。
在810中，网络设备向终端设备发送PDCCH。
其中，该PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源。
在820中，终端设备接收PDCCH。
在830中，终端设备根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
在840中，网络设备接收终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
除了网络设备通过系统消息为终端设备半静态配置的PRACH资源，网络设备还可以通过PDCCH为终端设备调度灵活的PRACH资源，为终端设备增加了随机接入的机会，因此提高了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
例如图9所示，网络设备配置了周期性的PRACH资源。如果网络设备通过LBT获得了信道使用权，在其信道占用时间(Channel Occupancy Time，COT)内，网络设备可以向终端设备发送PDCCH，该PDCCH中携带PRACH资源指示信息，用于指示网络设备为终端设备调度的公共的PRACH资源。终端设备接收到该PDCCH后，可以根据其中携带的该PRACH资源指示信息，确定相应的PRACH资源，并使用该PRACH资源进行随机接入。应理解，网络设备通过PDCCH为终端设备调度的PRACH资源可以是非周期性的，也可以是周期性的，图9仅仅为示例。网络设备通过PDCCH携带的DCI指示动态触发的PRACH资源给终端设备使用，从而使终端设备能够利用网络设备的COT来完成PRACH的发送。
本申请实施例中，该PRACH资源指示信息例如可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：该PRACH资源的信息、该PRACH资源关联的SSB的信息、该PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码(也简称为前导码)的信息。
其中，该PRACH前导码的信息例如可以是PRACH前导码的索引。
其中，该SSB的信息例如可以是NR系统中的SSB索引，也可以是NRU系统中的SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引。该PRACH资源指示信息中可以携带一个或者多个SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引。
该SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送该SSB的资源位置，该SSB QCL索引用于指示该SSB的QCL关系的信息。
可选地，SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
可选地，SSB QCL索引＝Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)。
其中，Q是用于确定SSB QCL索引的一个参数。例如，Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量；或者，Q为预先约定或者网络设备配置的其他值。
这里的该时间窗口例如可以是DRS窗口，也可以是其他预配置的窗口。该窗口的长度例如可以是5ms。在该时间窗口内，网络设备发送的SSB的最大数量为L，这L个SSB之间不具有QCL关系，或者说，这L个SSB的QCL索引不同。
对该SSB位置索引和该SSB QCL索引的相关描述可以参考前述针对图4的相关描述，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
PRACH资源可以与该SSB位置索引和该SSB QCL索引之间具有关联关系。例如图10所示的PRACH资源与SSB位置索引和SSB QCL索引之间的关联关系，假设Y＝20，Q＝8，SSB位置索引为0至19，SSB QCL索引为0-7。其中，SSB QCL索引相同的SSB之间是QCL的，且SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。SSB QCL索引与SSB位置索引之间满足SSB QCL索引＝Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)。如图10所示，SSB QCL索引0关联于PRACH资源0，SSB QCL索引1关联于PRACH资源1，SSB QCL索引2关联于PRACH资源2，SSB QCL索引3关联于PRACH资源3，SSB QCL索引4关联于PRACH资源4，SSB QCL索引5关联于PRACH资源5，SSB QCL索引6关联于PRACH资源6，SSB QCL索引7关联于PRACH资源7。
基于SSB QCL索引＝Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)可知，Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)相同的SSB之间是QCL，可以关联于相同的PRACH资源。SSB位置索引0、8和16对应相同的SSB QCL索引0，即SSB位置索引0、8和16关联于PRACH资源0，且SSB位置索引为0、8、16的SSB位置上发送的SSB之间具有QCL关系；SSB位置索引1、9和17对应相同的SSB QCL索引1，即SSB位置索引1、9和17关联于PRACH资源1，且SSB位置索引为1、9和17的SSB位置上发送的SSB之间具有QCL关系；SSB位置索引2、10和18对应相同的SSB QCL索引2，即SSB位置索引2、10和18关联于PRACH资源2，且SSB位置索引为2、10和18的SSB位置上发送的SSB之间具有QCL关系；SSB位置索引3、11和19对应相同的SSB QCL索引3，即SSB位置索引3、11和19关联于PRACH资源3，且SSB位置索引为3、11和19的SSB位置上发送的SSB之间具有QCL关系，其他SSB位置索引关联的PRACH资源可以通过类似方法确定。
其中，与一个SSB关联的PRACH资源可以包括一个或多个PRACH时机，即一个SSB关联于一个或多个PRACH时机。并且，多个SSB可以关联于相同或不同的PRACH时机。
其中，PRACH资源与SSB位置索引和SSB QCL索引之间的关联关系，例如可以由网络设备通过系统消息指示给终端设备，比如承载于系统消息中的ssb-perRACH-OccasionAndCB-PreamblesPerSSB中。
可选地，Q可以承载于系统信息或者PBCH的DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。例如，DMRS序列有8种，可以指示3比特的信息，这3比特信息可以用于指示Q。
可选地，SSB索引还可以与PRACH前导码之间具有关联关系，终端设备会使用其检测得到的SSB索引所关联的PRACH前导码，进行随机接入。
其中，一个SSB可以关联于一个或多个PRACH前导码，多个SSB可以关联于相同或不同的PRACH前导码。
该PRACH资源指示信息中可以包括以下信息中的一个或多个：PRACH资源的信息、SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引、PRACH前导码索引。
例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括PRACH资源的信息，终端设备根据PRACH资源的信息，获取网络设备为其调度的PRACH资源，并使用该PRACH资源进行随机接入。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，终端设备可以根据该SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，以及SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引与PRACH资源之间的关联 关系，确定其能够使用的PRACH资源。该关联关系例如可以由网络设备通过系统信息指示给终端设备。该关联关系例如可以如图10所示。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括SSB索引和该PRACH资源的信息。这时，该PRACH资源可以是网络设备为某些SSB索引配置的PRACH资源。若终端设备检测得到的SSB索引是该PRACH资源指示信息中携带的SSB索引，则终端设备可以使用该PRACH资源指示信息所调度的PRACH资源。进一步地，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括多个SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引时，终端设备可以根据检测得到的SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，以及SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系，在该PRACH资源指示信息指示的PRACH资源中，确定该终端设备能够使用的PRACH资源。该关联关系例如可以如图10所示。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括该PRACH资源的信息，且包括该PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的索引。这时，终端设备根据PRACH资源的信息，获取网络设备为其调度的PRACH资源，并在该PRACH资源上使用该PRACH前导码，进行随机接入。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括PRACH前导码索引。终端设备通过该PRACH前导码索引，以及PRACH前导码索引、SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引、以及PRACH资源之间的关联关系，确定其能够使用的PRACH资源。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，且包括该PRACH前导码索引。终端设备可以根据检测得到的SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，以及SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系，确定该终端设备能够使用的PRACH资源，并且在该PRACH资源上使用该PRACH前导码，进行随机接入。
又例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引、该PRACH资源的信息、以及PRACH前导码索引。这时，终端设备可以根据检测得到的SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，以及SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系，在根据PRACH资源的信息确定的PRACH资源中，选择该终端设备能够使用的PRACH资源，并在该PRACH资源上使用该PRACH前导码，进行随机接入。
上述示例中，该PRACH资源指示信息中包括PRACH资源的信息时，该PRACH资源的信息可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：
该PRACH资源的索引、该PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、该PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、该PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、该PRACH资源的有效时长、该PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
其中，该PRACH资源的索引例如可以是PRACH配置索引(PRACH configuration index)。可以预配置多个PRACH资源，每个PRACH资源具有一个PRACH配置索引。网络设备通过该PRACH资源指示信息向终端设备指示一个PRACH配置索引，终端设备根据该PRACH配置索引，就能够知道网络设备为其灵活调度的PRACH资源是预配置的这多个PRACH资源中的哪一个。优选地，预配置的这多种PRACH资源可以复用网络设备通过系统信息周期性配置的PRACH资源。
该PRACH资源的时频位置的信息，例如可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：该PRACH资源的周期、该PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、该PRACH资源在该无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、该PRACH资源在该子帧内的起始符号、该PRACH资源在该子帧内占用的时隙个数、该时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及该PRACH时机的持续时间。网络设备在该PRACH资源指示信息中携带这些参数中的一种或多种，从而终端设备可以根据这些参数确定网络设备为其调度的PRACH资源。
该PRACH资源的时频位置的信息也可以包括其他参数，例如包括网络设备所调度的PRACH资源的时域长度、时域起止位置、频域长度、频域起止位置、前导码格式等信息中的一个或多个，终端设备根据这些信息确定网络设备为其调度的PRACH资源。本申请实施例对PRACH资源指示信息中的该 PRACH资源的时频位置的信息不做限定，只要其能够用于确定发送PRACH的时频资源位置即可。
该PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息是指，网络设备调度的该PRACH资源所包括的多个PRACH时机中的哪些PRACH时机是该次调度的可以用于终端设备发送PRACH的PRACH时机。终端设备可根据该PRACH时机的信息，确定PRACH资源指示信息所指示的PRACH资源中的哪些PRACH时机能够用于发送PRACH。比如网络设备通过PDCCH调度的PRACH资源中包括4个PRACH时机，该PRACH资源指示信息中指示其中的前两个PRACH时机，则终端设备能够在这4个PRACH时机中的前两个PRACH时机上发送PRACH。
该PRACH资源的有效时长是指，网络设备该次调度的PRACH资源在该有效时长内可以用于终端设备进行随机接入，也可称其为有效时间间隔。该有效时长例如可以小于或等于网络设备的COT，当该有效时长等于网络设备的COT时，该有效时长也可以不通过PRACH资源指示信息来指示，而是通过COT指示信息来指示。
该PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量，可以是该PRACH资源相对于网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源的偏移量。
例如，当PRACH资源指示信息中携带PRACH资源的索引和该偏移量时，终端设备可以根据该PRACH资源的索引确定一个PRACH资源，并根据该偏移时间对该索引指示的PRACH资源进行偏移，从而得到网络设备调度的该PRACH资源的位置。
该PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量，还可以是该PRACH资源相对于携带该PRACH资源指示信息的PDCCH的偏移量。
例如，该PRACH资源指示信息中携带该PRACH资源的时域长度以及该偏移量，终端设备可以根据该时域长度和该偏移量，将与该PDCCH间隔该偏移量、且长度等于该时域长度的资源，确定为网络设备调度的PRACH资源。
该PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量，还可以是该PRACH资源相对于COT指示信息指示的COT的偏移量，例如相对于COT的起始或结束时刻的偏移量。
该特定资源还可以是基于该PRACH资源指示信息中携带的PRACH资源的时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源。比如，该PRACH资源指示信息中携带PRACH资源的时频位置的信息和该偏移量，终端设备将基于该时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源，按照该偏移量进行偏移，从而得到网络设备调度的该PRACH资源的位置。
此外，该特定资源还可以是其他之前已知的或者预先设定的某一资源位置，本申请对此不做限定。
该偏移量可以包括时域和/或频域上的偏移量。
可选地，该PRACH资源指示信息与COT指示信息位于该PDCCH携带的同一DCI中。通过将PRACH资源指示信息与COT指示信息承载在相同的DCI中可以减少PDCCH的开销。
其中，该COT指示信息用于指示网络设备获得信道的情况，该COT指示信息例如可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
该PDCCH为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。其中，该PRACH资源指示信息与该COT指示信息承载于公共搜索空间的组公共PDCCH(Group common PDCCH)上，用于指示网络设备获得的COT的信息。
可选地，PDCCH触发的该公共的PRACH资源中的PRACH时机，占用该COT内的上行符号。
应理解，在基于非竞争的随机接入过程中，前述的PDCCH可以是PDCCH命令(PDCCH order)，这时，该PDCCH order用于为该终端设备调度其专属的PRACH资源。该PDCCH中携带SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引。终端设备可以根据SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，获取用于发送PRACH的PRACH资源。
例如，终端设备通过检测获得SSB位置索引，并根据该SSB位置索引和参数Q，计算相应的SSB  QCL索引，其中，SSB QCL索引＝Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)。终端设备根据PRACH资源与SSB QCL索引之间的关联关系，确定该SSB QCL索引关联的PRACH资源，并使用该PRACH资源发送PRACH。终端设备还可以根据SSB QCL索引与前导码之间的关联关系、SSB位置索引与前导码之间的关联关系、或者PRACH资源与前导码之间的关联关系，确定其使用的前导码。
又例如，终端设备通过检测获得SSB位置索引，并根据SSB位置索引与PRACH资源之间的关联关系，确定该SSB位置索引关联的PRACH资源，并使用该PRACH资源发送PRACH。其中，Mod(SSB位置索引，Q)相同的SSB位置索引关联于相同的PRACH资源。终端设备还可以根据SSB位置索引与前导码之间的关联关系、或者PRACH资源与前导码之间的关联关系，确定其使用的前导码。或者终端设备根据SSB位置索引计算SSB QCL索引，并根据SSB QCL索引与前导码之间的关联关系，确定其使用的前导码。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的前提下，本申请描述的各个实施例和/或各个实施例中的技术特征可以任意的相互组合，组合之后得到的技术方案也应落入本申请的保护范围。
在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文中详细描述了根据本申请实施例的随机接入的方法，下面将结合图11至图15，描述根据本申请实施例的装置，方法实施例所描述的技术特征适用于以下装置实施例。
图11是根据本申请实施例的终端设备1100的示意性框图。如图11所示，该终端设备1100包括接收单元1110和发送单元1120。
接收单元1110，用于接收PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
发送单元1120，用于根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
因此，网络设备可以通过PDCCH灵活地为终端设备调度公共的PRACH资源用于终端设备进行随机接入，终端设备通过接收该PDCCH，获取随机接入的机会，避免由于LBT失败等原因造成的长时间无法进行随机接入的情况，提高了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
可选地，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于所述网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源的偏移量。
可选地，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
可选地，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
可选地，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
可选地，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
可选地，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，其中，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
可选地，所述Q承载于系统信息或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q 为预配置的。
可选地，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
可选地，所述PRACH资源指示信息与COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一DCI中。
可选地，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
可选地，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
可选地，所述PDCCH为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
图12是根据本申请实施例的网络设备1200的示意性框图。如图12所示，该网络设备1200包括发送单元1210和接收单元1220。
发送单元1210，用于发送物理下行控制信道PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括物理随机接入信道PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
接收单元1220，用于接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
因此，网络设备可以通过PDCCH灵活地为终端设备调度公共的PRACH资源用于终端设备进行随机接入，从而为终端设备增加了随机接入的机会，避免由于LBT失败等原因造成的长时间无法进行随机接入的情况，提高了终端设备的随机接入的性能。
可选地，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
可选地，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
可选地，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
可选地，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB准共址QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
可选地，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
可选地，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，其中，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
可选地，所述Q承载于系统信息或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。
可选地，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
可选地，所述PRACH资源指示信息与COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一DCI中。
可选地，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
可选地，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
可选地，所述PDCCH为为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
图13是本申请实施例的一种通信设备1300的示意性结构图。图13所示的通信设备1300包括处理器1310，处理器1310可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图13所示，通信设备1300还可以包括存储器1320。其中，处理器1310可以从存储器1320中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器1320可以是独立于处理器1310的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器1310中。
可选地，如图13所示，通信设备1300还可以包括收发器1330，处理器1310可以控制该收发器1330与其他设备进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备发送信息或数据，或接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
其中，收发器1330可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器1330还可以进一步包括天线，天线的数量可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该通信设备1300具体可为本申请实施例的终端设备，并且该通信设备1300可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该通信设备1300具体可为本申请实施例的网络设备，并且该通信设备1300可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图14是本申请实施例的通信装置的示意性结构图。图14所示的装置1400包括处理器1410，处理器1410可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图14所示，装置1400还可以包括存储器1420。其中，处理器1410可以从存储器1420中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器1420可以是独立于处理器1410的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器1410中。
可选地，该装置1400还可以包括输入接口1430。其中，处理器1410可以控制该输入接口1430与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以获取其他设备或芯片发送的信息或数据。
可选地，该装置1400还可以包括输出接口1440。其中，处理器1410可以控制该输出接口1440与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备或芯片输出信息或数据。
可选地，该装置1400可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该通信装置可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该装置1400可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该通信装置可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该装置1400可以为芯片。该芯片还可为系统级芯片、系统芯片、芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例中的处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM， DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
其中，上述存储器为示例性但不是限制性说明，例如，本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)以及直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)等等。也就是说，本申请实施例中的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
图15是根据本申请实施例的通信系统1500的示意性框图。如图15所示，该通信系统1500包括网络设备1510和终端设备1520。
其中，所述网络设备1510用于：发送PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息；接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
所述终端设备1520用于接收PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括PRACH资源指示信息；所述终端设备根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
其中，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
该网络设备1510可以用于实现本申请实施例的方法中由网络设备实现的相应的功能，以及该网络设备1510的组成可以如图12中的网络设备1200所示，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
该终端设备1520可以用于实现本申请实施例的方法中由终端设备实现的相应的功能，以及该终端设备1520的组成可以如图11中的终端设备1100所示，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序。可选地，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，不再赘述。可选地，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令。可选地，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选地，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序。可选地，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选地，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A， 同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本发明实施例中，“与A相应(对应)的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清除地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，该单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (67)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端设备接收物理下行控制信道PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括物理随机接入信道PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
    所述终端设备根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定资源包括以下中的任意一种：
    网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源、所述PDCCH的资源、COT指示信息指示的COT、根据所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB准共址QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述Q承载于系统信息、或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源指示信息与最大占用时间COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一下行控制信息DCI中。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PDCCH为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
  15. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    网络设备发送物理下行控制信道PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括物理随机接入信道PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
    所述网络设备接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定资源包括以下中的任意一种：
    网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源、所述PDCCH的资源、COT指示信息指示的COT、根据所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB准共址QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，其中，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述Q承载于系统信息或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。
  24. 根据权利要求15至23中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
  25. 根据权利要求15至24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源指示信息与最大占用时间COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一下行控制信息DCI中。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
  27. 根据权利要求25或26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
  28. 根据权利要求15至27中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PDCCH为为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
  29. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收物理下行控制信道PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括物理随机接入信道PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH 资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
    发送单元，用于根据所述PRACH资源指示信息，使用所述PRACH资源发送PRACH。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述特定资源包括以下中的任意一种：
    网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源、所述PDCCH的资源、COT指示信息指示的COT、根据所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源。
  33. 根据权利要求29至32中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB准共址QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
  36. 根据权利要求34或35所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，其中，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述Q承载于系统信息或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。
  38. 根据权利要求29至37中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
  39. 根据权利要求29至38中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源指示信息与最大占用时间COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一下行控制信息DCI中。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
  41. 根据权利要求39或40所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
  42. 根据权利要求29至41中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述PDCCH为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
  43. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述网络设备包括：
    发送单元，用于发送物理下行控制信道PDCCH，所述PDCCH中包括物理随机接入信道PRACH资源指示信息，所述PRACH资源指示信息用于指示网络设备调度的公共的PRACH资源，所述PRACH 资源指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：所述PRACH资源的信息、所述PRACH资源关联的同步信号块SSB的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的信息；
    接收单元，用于接收所述终端设备使用所述PRACH资源发送的PRACH。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的索引、所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息、所述PRACH资源上传输的PRACH前导码的格式、所述PRACH资源中可用于随机接入的PRACH时机的信息、所述PRACH资源的有效时长、所述PRACH资源相对于特定资源的偏移量。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    所述PRACH资源的周期、所述PRACH资源所在的无线帧的偏移、所述PRACH资源在所述无线帧内占用的子帧的编号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内的起始符号、所述PRACH资源在所述子帧内占用的时隙个数、所述时隙内PRACH时机的个数、以及所述PRACH时机的持续时间。
  46. 根据权利要求44或45所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述特定资源包括以下中的任意一种：
    网络设备通过系统信息配置的PRACH资源、所述PDCCH的资源、COT指示信息指示的COT、根据所述PRACH资源的时频位置的信息确定的PRACH资源。
  47. 根据权利要求43至46中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述SSB的信息包括SSB索引。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述SSB索引包括SSB位置索引和/或SSB准共址QCL索引，其中，所述SSB位置索引用于指示候选的SSB位置中用于发送所述SSB的位置，所述SSB QCL索引用于指示所述SSB的QCL关系的信息。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引相同的SSB关联于相同的PRACH资源。
  50. 根据权利要求48或49所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述SSB QCL索引＝Mod(所述SSB位置索引，Q)，其中，所述Q为一个时间窗口内发送的不具有QCL关系的SSB的最大数量。
  51. 根据权利要求50所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述Q承载于系统信息或者物理广播信道PBCH的解调参考信号DMRS中；或者所述Q为预配置的。
  52. 根据权利要求43至51中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH前导码的信息包括所述PRACH前导码的索引。
  53. 根据权利要求43至52中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源指示信息与最大占用时间COT指示信息位于所述PDCCH携带的同一下行控制信息DCI中。
  54. 根据权利要求53所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述COT指示信息包括以下信息中的至少一种：
    网络设备的COT的起始和结束时刻、所述COT的频域信息、所述COT的时隙格式、所述COT的共享信息、以及所述COT长度。
  55. 根据权利要求53或54所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PRACH时机占用所述COT内的上行符号。
  56. 根据权利要求43至55中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述PDCCH为为公共搜索空间中的PDCCH。
  57. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  58. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述网络设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行权利要求15至28中任一项所述的方法。
  59. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述通信装置的设备执行权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  60. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述通信装置的设备执行权利要求权利要求15至28中任一项所述的方法。
  61. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  62. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求15至28中任一项所述的方法。
  63. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令使得计算机执行权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  64. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令使得计算机执行权利要求15至28中任一项所述的方法。
  65. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  66. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求15至28中任一项所述的方法。
  67. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求29至42中任一项所述的终端设备，以及如权利要求43至56中任一项所述的网络设备。
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