WO2020246734A1 - Outer-wick heat pipe - Google Patents

Outer-wick heat pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020246734A1
WO2020246734A1 PCT/KR2020/006620 KR2020006620W WO2020246734A1 WO 2020246734 A1 WO2020246734 A1 WO 2020246734A1 KR 2020006620 W KR2020006620 W KR 2020006620W WO 2020246734 A1 WO2020246734 A1 WO 2020246734A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
pipe
wick
heat pipe
pipe body
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PCT/KR2020/006620
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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정춘식
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정춘식
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Publication of WO2020246734A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020246734A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an external wick heat pipe, and more particularly, to an external wick heat pipe capable of improving a heat transfer effect by forming a plurality of grooves outside the heat pipe.
  • a heat pipe is vacuum-exhausted after injecting a working fluid into a hollow metal pipe.
  • the working fluid inside is vaporized and moved to the other side due to the pressure difference, and the heat is released to the surroundings. It continues to operate in a way that returns to the heating unit through the condensation process.
  • Servers are usually located in racks within the data center.
  • the physical configuration for the rack varies.
  • a typical rack configuration includes mounting rails, in which multiple units of equipment, such as server blades, are mounted and stacked vertically inside the rack.
  • One of the most widely used 19-inch racks is a standard system for mounting equipment such as 1U or 2U servers.
  • One rack unit on this type of rack is 175 inches high and 19 inches wide.
  • Rack-Mounted Unit (RMU) servers that can be installed in one rack unit are generally referred to as 1U servers.
  • standard racks are usually densely occupied by servers, storage devices, switches and/or communications equipment.
  • fanless RMU servers are used to increase density and reduce noise.
  • the data center room must be maintained at an acceptable temperature and humidity for reliable operation of servers, especially fanless servers.
  • the power consumption of a densely stacked rack of servers powered by Opteron or Xeon processors can range from 7,000 to 15,000 watts.
  • server racks can create very intensive heat loads. Heat dissipated by the servers in the rack is exhausted to the data center room.
  • the heat generated collectively by densely spaced racks depends on the ambient air for cooling and can adversely affect the performance and reliability of equipment within the racks. Therefore, heating, ventilation, and cooling (HAVC) systems are an important part of the design of an efficient data center.
  • HAVC heating, ventilation, and cooling
  • Patent Document 1 Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0288903 (2002.09.11.)
  • Patent Document 2 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0093959 (2005.09.26.)
  • Patent Document 3 Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0479829 (2016.03.10.)
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an external wick heat pipe excellent in heat transfer performance and efficiency in order to effectively cool a server in a data center.
  • the external wick heat pipe of the present invention includes a cylindrical pipe body and a plurality of wick grooves formed outside the pipe body in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the pipe body.
  • a nano heat-radiating coating layer is formed on the outside of the pipe body, and the nano-heat-radiating coating layer is 95% by weight of graphene, 2% by weight of polyurethane, 1% by weight of acrylate and 2 It consists of weight percent of unavoidable impurities.
  • the nano heat dissipation coating layer is formed in a thickness of 5 to 15 ⁇ m on the pipe body, dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes or more to adhere to the pipe body surface.
  • a first receiving portion in which the working fluid is accommodated as a closed space, and a second receiving portion extending in the other end direction by opening one end connected to the cooling pipe may be formed, and the first receiving portion The part is formed to surround the second receiving part, and the cooling water flowing along the cooling pipe is introduced into the second receiving part, so that heat transfer is made between the working fluid and the cooling water.
  • the external wick heat pipe of the present invention increases the surface area for heat transfer to the heated air by forming a wick groove on the outside, and increases the contact time with the heated air by reducing the rising speed of the heated air, thereby improving heat transfer performance and efficiency. have.
  • the non-powered cooling system using the external wick heat pipe of the present invention effectively absorbs heat by using the natural convection phenomenon of air heated by heat generated from the server without a separate power source for forced convection of the air around the server. Can be maximized.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a non-powered cooling system using an external wick heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat pipe non-powered cooling system excluding a cooling water supply unit.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of a heat pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a heat pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an internal structure of an external wick heat pipe according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the external wick heat pipe 200 includes a pipe body 200a and a plurality of wick grooves 201 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4.
  • the pipe body 200a is formed in a cylindrical shape. And the working fluid is accommodated in the inside of the pipe body (200a).
  • the space in which the working fluid is accommodated consists of a closed space.
  • a plurality of wick grooves 201 are formed outside the pipe body 200a in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the pipe body 200a.
  • the wick groove 201 is formed outside the pipe body 200a, the surface area for heat transfer to the heated air may be increased.
  • friction with the heated air passing through the surface of the pipe body 200a is increased to reduce the moving speed of the heated air and contact the heat pipe 200 with the air. You can increase the time.
  • the working fluid contained in the pipe body (200a) is 41 to 46 parts by weight of acetone, 20 to 30 parts by weight of alcohol, 5 to 10 parts by weight of sulfuric ether, 1,2-propylene It comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of glycol (1,2-propylene glycol; HOCH2CH3CHOH).
  • the working fluid is methylbenzotriazole (5-methtlbenzole; C7H7N3) 0.00035-0.00045 kg and sodium tripolyphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate; Na5P3O10) per 100 kg of acetone, alcohol, sulfuric ether, and 1,2-propylene glycol mixed solution. It contains 0.00028 ⁇ 0.00032kg.
  • 1,2-propylene glycol is mixed with distilled water in a quantitative ratio as described above, and has an excellent effect as a carrier for heat transfer and heat exchange.
  • 1,2-propylene glycol has a freezing point of -60°C and is mixed with distilled water so that the working fluid does not freeze under normal conditions of use or below (about -40°C).
  • the working fluid does not undergo a phase change at about -40 to 130°C, and the internal pressure of the heat pipe 200 can be constantly and stably maintained.
  • methylbenzotriazole prevents corrosion of the heat pipe 200 as a corrosion inhibitor.
  • sodium tripolyphosphate prevents the formation of foreign substances on the inner circumferential surface of the heat pipe 200. When a foreign substance is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the heat pipe 200, a problem occurs in that the heat absorbing effect is lowered.
  • a suitable working fluid may be used depending on the amount of heat released in the system (heating system requiring cooling, data center, etc.).
  • a nano heat-radiating coating layer may be formed outside the pipe body 200a.
  • the nano-heating coating layer is composed of 95% by weight of graphene, 2% by weight of polyurethane, 1% by weight of acrylate and 2% by weight of inevitable impurities.
  • the nano heat dissipation coating layer has excellent heat radiation and heat absorption, so that effective heat transfer is achieved.
  • the nano heat-dissipating coating layer is formed to a thickness of 5 to 15 ⁇ m by applying a nano-heating coating solution to the surface of the pipe body 200a after cleanly cleaning the surface of the pipe body 200a. Thereafter, when dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes or more, the nano-heating coating layer is fixed to the surface of the pipe body 200a.
  • the non-powered cooling system using an external wick heat pipe of the present invention includes a frame 100, a plurality of heat pipes 200, a cooling pipe 300, and a cooling water supply unit 400.
  • the frame 100 is installed on the server rack (R). As shown in Figure 1, one frame 100 is installed on the two server racks (R).
  • the frame 100 is formed in an approximately square column shape, and a plurality of heat pipes 200 are installed therein.
  • the size of the frame 100 may be changed according to the size of the server rack R, the distance between the server racks R, the number of installed heat pipes 200, and the like.
  • the heat pipe 200 is installed in the frame 100, and the working fluid is accommodated therein to absorb heat from the air rising to the top of the server rack R. 1 to 2, a plurality of heat pipes 200 are installed to cross between two server racks (R). Accordingly, the heated air between the server and the server rises and passes between the plurality of heat pipes 200. At this time, heat is transferred between the heat pipe 200 and the heated air. And, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of heat pipes 200 are vertically connected to the cooling pipe 300.
  • the heat pipe 200 may be formed of several layers according to the required cooling performance. That is, since the heat pipe 200 is made up of several layers up and down, ascending air may pass through more heat pipes 200 to achieve heat transfer.
  • the heat pipe 200 may be provided with a cooling fin that can increase the surface area outside for effective heat transfer, but in this case, the size of the heat pipe 200 itself is reduced and the heat pipe 200 for accommodating the working fluid The internal space of the unit is reduced, or the number of heat pipes 200 that can be installed is inevitably reduced.
  • a plurality of wick grooves 201 are formed outside the pipe body 200a, so that the size of the heat pipe 200 itself is increased or more heat pipes ( 200) can be installed to maximize the heat transfer effect by the heat pipe 200.
  • the cooling pipe 300 has one end of the plurality of heat pipes 200 connected to each other to absorb heat from the heat pipe 200. That is, one cooling pipe 300 is bent so as to be connected to one end of the plurality of heat pipes 200, respectively. In addition, one end of the heat pipe 200 is inserted into the cooling pipe 300 so that the cooling pipe 300 surrounds one end of the heat pipe 200. Accordingly, the working fluid absorbing the heat of the heating air inside the heat pipe 200 transfers heat from one end of the heat pipe 200 to the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 300.
  • the cooling water supply unit 400 circulates the cooling water through the cooling pipe 300.
  • the heated air rises and passes through the plurality of heat pipes 200.
  • the heated air is transferred to the plurality of heat pipes 200.
  • the working fluid housed in the heat pipe 200 absorbs heat from the heated air and then transfers the heat back to the cooling water. This allows the working fluid to continuously absorb heat from the heated air.
  • the air that has undergone heat transfer is introduced into the duct (D) installed at the top, moves along the duct (D), and is discharged into the data center (C) through the outlet (E).
  • a fan may be installed at the outlet (E) so that air can be smoothly discharged to the data center (C).
  • a first accommodating portion 210 and a second accommodating portion 220 are formed.
  • the first accommodating part 210 is formed as a closed space and the working fluid is accommodated therein.
  • the second accommodating part 220 has an open end connected to the cooling pipe 300 to extend in the other end direction.
  • the heat pipe 200 is formed so that the first accommodating portion 210 surrounds the second accommodating portion 220, and cooling water flows into the second accommodating portion 220 to transfer heat to the working fluid. That is, the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 300 flows into the second receiving part 220, and the working fluid accommodated in the first receiving part 210 surrounds the cooling water introduced into the second receiving part 220 from the outside. As a result, heat transfer occurs between the working fluid and the coolant.
  • a wick groove 201 and a nano heat dissipating coating layer may be formed outside the pipe body 200a.
  • the external wick heat pipe according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be implemented by various modifications within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an outer-wick heat pipe, and more specifically, to an outer-wick heat pipe enabling the enhancement of a heat transfer effect by having a plurality of grooves formed on the outer side of the heat pipe. The outer-wick heat pipe of the present invention comprises: a cylindrical pipe main body; and a plurality of wick grooves formed on the outer side of the pipe main body so as to be parallel with the length direction of the pipe main body.

Description

외부 윅 히트파이프External wick heat pipe
본 발명은 외부 윅 히트파이프에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 히트파이프 외부에 복수의 홈을 형성하여 열전달 효과를 향상시킬 수 있는 외부 윅 히트파이프에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an external wick heat pipe, and more particularly, to an external wick heat pipe capable of improving a heat transfer effect by forming a plurality of grooves outside the heat pipe.
일반적으로 히트파이프는 중공으로 형성된 금속파이프 내부에 작동유체를 주입한 후 진공배기한 것인데 한쪽 끝을 가열하면 내부의 작동유체가 기화되어 압력차에 의해 다른쪽으로 이동하고 주변으로 열을 방출한 후 다시 응축과정을 거쳐 가열부로 귀환하는 방식으로 연속적인 작동을 하게 된다.In general, a heat pipe is vacuum-exhausted after injecting a working fluid into a hollow metal pipe. When one end is heated, the working fluid inside is vaporized and moved to the other side due to the pressure difference, and the heat is released to the surroundings. It continues to operate in a way that returns to the heating unit through the condensation process.
또한, 상기와 같이 열 방출 후 귀환되는 액상의 작동유체를 모세관 현상에 의해 효율적으로 귀환토록 하기 위해 금속파이프 내벽에는 비교적 촘촘하고 얇은 망사를 부착하거나, 미세한 홈을 파거나 또는 소결된 금속분말이 부착된 파이프 내부에 작동유체를 주입한 일자 형태의 히트파이프가 많이 사용되고 있다.In addition, in order to efficiently return the liquid working fluid returned after heat dissipation as described above by a capillary phenomenon, a relatively dense and thin mesh is attached to the inner wall of the metal pipe, fine grooves are dug, or sintered metal powder is attached. Heat pipes in the form of a straight line in which the working fluid is injected into the pipe are widely used.
한편, 데이터 센터에 구비되는 서버, 네트워크 장비, 엔터프라이즈 장비 등은 열을 발생시킨다. 따라서 이러한 장비들을 운영하는 데이터 센터는 열을 냉각시키기 위한 대규모의 설비도 운영하고 있다.On the other hand, servers, network equipment, and enterprise equipment provided in data centers generate heat. Therefore, data centers that operate these equipment also operate large-scale facilities to cool heat.
서버는 대체로 데이터 센터 내의 랙(rack)에 위치한다. 랙을 위한 물리적 구성은 다양하다. 전형적인 랙 구성은 장착 레일을 포함하며, 장착 레일에는 서버 블레이드와 같은 다수의 장비 유닛이 장착되어 랙 내부에서 수직으로 적층된다. 가장 널리 사용되는 19 인치 랙 중의 하나는 1U 또는 2U 서버와 같은 장비를 장착하기 위한 표준 시스템이다. 이 형태의 랙 상의 하나의 랙 유닛은 높이가 175 인치이고 폭이 19 인치이다. 하나의 랙 유닛에 설치될 수 있는 랙 장착 유닛(RMU: Rack-Mounted Unit) 서버는 일반적으로 1U 서버로 불린다. 데이터 센터에서, 표준 랙은 보통 서버, 저장 장치, 스위치 및/또는 통신 장비가 조밀하게 자리를 차지하고 있다. 일부 데이터 센터에서, 밀도를 높이고 노이즈를 감소시키도록 팬이 없는 RMU 서버가 사용된다.Servers are usually located in racks within the data center. The physical configuration for the rack varies. A typical rack configuration includes mounting rails, in which multiple units of equipment, such as server blades, are mounted and stacked vertically inside the rack. One of the most widely used 19-inch racks is a standard system for mounting equipment such as 1U or 2U servers. One rack unit on this type of rack is 175 inches high and 19 inches wide. Rack-Mounted Unit (RMU) servers that can be installed in one rack unit are generally referred to as 1U servers. In data centers, standard racks are usually densely occupied by servers, storage devices, switches and/or communications equipment. In some data centers, fanless RMU servers are used to increase density and reduce noise.
데이터 센터 룸은 서버 특히 팬이 없는 서버의 신뢰성 있는 동작을 위해 수용 가능한 온도와 습도로 유지되어야 한다. Opteron 또는 Xeon 프로세서에 의해 작동되는 서버들이 조밀하게 적층된 랙의 전력 소비는 7,000 내지 15,000 와트일 수 있다. 그 결과, 서버 랙은 매우 집중된 열 부하를 일으킬 수 있다. 랙의 서버에 의해 소실되는 열은 데이터 센터 룸으로 배기된다. 조밀하게 배치된 랙들에 의해 집단적으로 발생되는 열은 냉각을 위해 주변 공기에 의존하므로 랙들 내의 장비의 성능과 신뢰성에 불리한 영향을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 난방, 환기, 냉방(HAVC) 시스템은 효율적인 데이터 센터의 설계의 중요한 부분이 된다.The data center room must be maintained at an acceptable temperature and humidity for reliable operation of servers, especially fanless servers. The power consumption of a densely stacked rack of servers powered by Opteron or Xeon processors can range from 7,000 to 15,000 watts. As a result, server racks can create very intensive heat loads. Heat dissipated by the servers in the rack is exhausted to the data center room. The heat generated collectively by densely spaced racks depends on the ambient air for cooling and can adversely affect the performance and reliability of equipment within the racks. Therefore, heating, ventilation, and cooling (HAVC) systems are an important part of the design of an efficient data center.
(선행기술문헌)(Prior technical literature)
(특허문헌 1) 대한민국 등록실용신안공보 제20-0288903호(2002.09.11.)(Patent Document 1) Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0288903 (2002.09.11.)
(특허문헌 2) 대한민국 공개특허공보 제10-2005-0093959호(2005.09.26.)(Patent Document 2) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0093959 (2005.09.26.)
(특허문헌 3) 대한민국 등록실용신안공보 제20-0479829호(2016.03.10.)(Patent Document 3) Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 20-0479829 (2016.03.10.)
본 발명은 데이터 센터 내의 서버를 효과적으로 냉각시키기 위하여 열전달 성능 및 효율이 우수한 외부 윅 히트파이프를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide an external wick heat pipe excellent in heat transfer performance and efficiency in order to effectively cool a server in a data center.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프는, 원통형상의 파이프본체와 상기 파이프본체의 외부에 파이프본체의 길이방향과 나란하게 형성되는 복수의 윅홈으로 이루어진다.In order to achieve the above object, the external wick heat pipe of the present invention includes a cylindrical pipe body and a plurality of wick grooves formed outside the pipe body in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the pipe body.
그리고 상기 파이프본체의 외부에는 나노방열코팅층이 형성되고, 상기 나노방열코팅층은 95 중량%의 그래핀(graphene), 2 중량%의 폴리우레탄(polyurethana), 1 중량%의 아크릴레이트(acrylate) 및 2 중량%의 불가피한 불순물로 이루어진다.And a nano heat-radiating coating layer is formed on the outside of the pipe body, and the nano-heat-radiating coating layer is 95% by weight of graphene, 2% by weight of polyurethane, 1% by weight of acrylate and 2 It consists of weight percent of unavoidable impurities.
상기 나노방열코팅층은 파이프본체에 5~15㎛의 두께로 형성되고, 80℃에서 30분 이상 건조하여 파이프본체 표면에 고착된다.The nano heat dissipation coating layer is formed in a thickness of 5 to 15 μm on the pipe body, dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes or more to adhere to the pipe body surface.
또한, 상기 히트파이프에는, 밀폐공간으로서 작동유체가 수용되는 제1 수용부와, 냉각파이프와 연결되는 일단이 개방형성되어 타단방향으로 연장형성되는 제2 수용부가 형성될 수 있으며, 상기 제1 수용부는 상기 제2 수용부를 감싸도록 형성되고, 상기 제2 수용부에는 상기 냉각파이프를 따라 흐르는 냉각수가 유입되어 상기 작동유체와 냉각수 사이에 열전달이 이루어진다.In addition, in the heat pipe, a first receiving portion in which the working fluid is accommodated as a closed space, and a second receiving portion extending in the other end direction by opening one end connected to the cooling pipe may be formed, and the first receiving portion The part is formed to surround the second receiving part, and the cooling water flowing along the cooling pipe is introduced into the second receiving part, so that heat transfer is made between the working fluid and the cooling water.
본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프는 외부에 윅홈을 형성함으로써, 가열 공기와의 열전달을 위한 표면적을 증대시키고, 가열공기의 상승속도를 줄여 가열공기와 접촉시간을 증가시켜 열전달 성능 및 효율을 향상시킬 수 있다.The external wick heat pipe of the present invention increases the surface area for heat transfer to the heated air by forming a wick groove on the outside, and increases the contact time with the heated air by reducing the rising speed of the heated air, thereby improving heat transfer performance and efficiency. have.
본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프를 이용한 무동력 냉각 시스템은 서버 주위 공기의 강제 대류를 위한 별도의 동력원 없이 서버로부터 발생하는 열에 의해 가열된 공기의 자연대류 현상을 이용하여 효과적으로 열을 흡수함으로써 서버의 냉각효과를 극대화시킬 수 있다.The non-powered cooling system using the external wick heat pipe of the present invention effectively absorbs heat by using the natural convection phenomenon of air heated by heat generated from the server without a separate power source for forced convection of the air around the server. Can be maximized.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프를 이용한 무동력 냉각 시스템을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면.1 is a view schematically showing a non-powered cooling system using an external wick heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 냉각수공급부를 제외한 히트파이프 무동력 냉각 시스템의 사시도.2 is a perspective view of a heat pipe non-powered cooling system excluding a cooling water supply unit.
도 3은 본 발명의 제1 실시예에 따른 히트파이프의 사시도.3 is a perspective view of a heat pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 제1 실시예에 따른 히트파이프의 단면도.4 is a cross-sectional view of a heat pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명의 제2 실시예에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프의 내부 구조를 설명하기 위한 단면도.5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an internal structure of an external wick heat pipe according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 각 실시예에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, an external wick heat pipe according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
제1 실시예 Embodiment 1
본 발명의 제1 실시예에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프(200)는 도 3 내지 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 파이프본체(200a)와 복수의 윅홈(201)으로 이루어진다.The external wick heat pipe 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a pipe body 200a and a plurality of wick grooves 201 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4.
파이프본체(200a)는 원통형상으로 형성된다. 그리고 파이프본체(200a)의 내부에는 작동유체가 수용된다. 작동유체가 수용되는 공간은 밀폐공간으로 이루어진다. 그리고 파이프본체(200a)의 외부에 파이프본체(200a)의 길이방향과 나란히 복수의 윅홈(201)이 형성된다.The pipe body 200a is formed in a cylindrical shape. And the working fluid is accommodated in the inside of the pipe body (200a). The space in which the working fluid is accommodated consists of a closed space. In addition, a plurality of wick grooves 201 are formed outside the pipe body 200a in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the pipe body 200a.
본 발명은 파이프본체(200a) 외부에 윅홈(201)이 형성됨으로써 가열 공기와의 열전달을 위한 표면적을 증대시킬 수 있다. 뿐만아니라, 파이프본체(200a) 외부에 윅홈(201)을 형성함으로써 파이프본체(200a)의 표면을 지나가는 가열공기와의 마찰을 증가시켜 가열공기의 이동속도를 줄이고 히트파이프(200)와 공기의 접촉시간을 증가시킬 수 있다.In the present invention, since the wick groove 201 is formed outside the pipe body 200a, the surface area for heat transfer to the heated air may be increased. In addition, by forming a wick groove 201 on the outside of the pipe body 200a, friction with the heated air passing through the surface of the pipe body 200a is increased to reduce the moving speed of the heated air and contact the heat pipe 200 with the air. You can increase the time.
파이프본체(200a) 내부에 수용되는 작동유체는 아세톤(acetone) 41~46 중량부, 알코올(alcohol) 20~30 중량부, 술푸릭에테르(surfuric ether) 5~10 중량부, 1,2-프로필렌글리콜(1,2-propylene glycol; HOCH2CH3CHOH) 5~10 중량부를 포함하여 이루어진다. 또한, 작동유체는 아세톤, 알코올, 술푸릭에테르, 1,2-프로필렌글리콜 혼합용액 100kg에 대하여 메틸벤조트리아졸(5-methtlbenzole; C7H7N3) 0.00035~0.00045kg 및 삼폴리인산나트륨(sodium tripolyphosphate; Na5P3O10) 0.00028~0.00032kg을 포함한다.The working fluid contained in the pipe body (200a) is 41 to 46 parts by weight of acetone, 20 to 30 parts by weight of alcohol, 5 to 10 parts by weight of sulfuric ether, 1,2-propylene It comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of glycol (1,2-propylene glycol; HOCH2CH3CHOH). In addition, the working fluid is methylbenzotriazole (5-methtlbenzole; C7H7N3) 0.00035-0.00045 kg and sodium tripolyphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate; Na5P3O10) per 100 kg of acetone, alcohol, sulfuric ether, and 1,2-propylene glycol mixed solution. It contains 0.00028~0.00032kg.
1,2-프로필렌글리콜은 상기와 같이 증류수와 정량의 비율로 혼합되어 열전달 및 열교환을 위한 운반체로서 우수한 효과를 갖는다. 그리고 1,2-프로필렌글리콜은 어는점이 -60℃로 증류수와 혼합되어 일반적인 사용조건 또는 그 이하의 온도(약 -40℃)에서 작동유체가 동결되지 않도록 한다. 작동유체는 약 -40~130℃ 에서 상변화가 일어나지 않고 히트파이프(200)의 내부 압력을 일정하게 안정적으로 유지할 수 있다. 그리고 메틸벤조트리아졸은 부식 방지제로서 히트파이프(200)의 부식을 방지한다. 그리고 삼폴리인산나트륨은 히트파이프(200)의 내주면에 이물질이 형성되는 것을 방지한다. 히트파이프(200)의 내주면에 이물질이 형성되면 흡열효과가 떨어지는 문제점이 발생한다.1,2-propylene glycol is mixed with distilled water in a quantitative ratio as described above, and has an excellent effect as a carrier for heat transfer and heat exchange. In addition, 1,2-propylene glycol has a freezing point of -60°C and is mixed with distilled water so that the working fluid does not freeze under normal conditions of use or below (about -40°C). The working fluid does not undergo a phase change at about -40 to 130°C, and the internal pressure of the heat pipe 200 can be constantly and stably maintained. And methylbenzotriazole prevents corrosion of the heat pipe 200 as a corrosion inhibitor. And sodium tripolyphosphate prevents the formation of foreign substances on the inner circumferential surface of the heat pipe 200. When a foreign substance is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the heat pipe 200, a problem occurs in that the heat absorbing effect is lowered.
본 발명은 상술한 작동유체를 사용하는 것이 바람직하지만, 시스템(냉각이 필요한 발열 시스템, 데이터 센터 등) 내에서 방출되는 열량에 따라 적합한 작동유체를 사용할 수도 있다.In the present invention, it is preferable to use the above-described working fluid, but a suitable working fluid may be used depending on the amount of heat released in the system (heating system requiring cooling, data center, etc.).
그리고 파이프본체(200a)의 외부에는 나노방열코팅층이 형성될 수 있다. 구체적으로 나노방열코팅층은 95 중량%의 그래핀, 2 중량%의 폴리우레탄, 1 중량%의 아크릴레이트 및 2 중량%의 불가피한 불순물로 이루어진다. 나노방열코팅층은 열복사와 열흡수가 우수하여 효과적인 열전달이 이루어진다.In addition, a nano heat-radiating coating layer may be formed outside the pipe body 200a. Specifically, the nano-heating coating layer is composed of 95% by weight of graphene, 2% by weight of polyurethane, 1% by weight of acrylate and 2% by weight of inevitable impurities. The nano heat dissipation coating layer has excellent heat radiation and heat absorption, so that effective heat transfer is achieved.
나노방열코팅층은 파이프본체(200a) 표면을 깨끗하게 세척한 후 파이프본체(200a) 표면에 나노방열코팅액을 도포하여 5~15㎛의 두께로 형성된다. 이후, 80℃에서 30분 이상 건조하면 나노방열코팅층이 파이프본체(200a) 표면에 고착된다.The nano heat-dissipating coating layer is formed to a thickness of 5 to 15 μm by applying a nano-heating coating solution to the surface of the pipe body 200a after cleanly cleaning the surface of the pipe body 200a. Thereafter, when dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes or more, the nano-heating coating layer is fixed to the surface of the pipe body 200a.
이하, 본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프를 이용한 무동력 냉각 시스템에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, a non-powered cooling system using an external wick heat pipe of the present invention will be described.
본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프를 이용한 무동력 냉각 시스템은 프레임(100), 복수의 히트파이프(200), 냉각파이프(300) 및 냉각수공급부(400)를 포함하여 이루어진다.The non-powered cooling system using an external wick heat pipe of the present invention includes a frame 100, a plurality of heat pipes 200, a cooling pipe 300, and a cooling water supply unit 400.
프레임(100)은 서버랙(R) 상부에 설치된다. 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 하나의 프레임(100)은 두 개의 서버랙(R) 상부에 설치된다. 프레임(100)은 대략적으로 사각기둥 형상으로 형성되며, 내부에 복수의 히트파이프(200)가 설치된다. 프레임(100)의 크기는 서버랙(R)의 크기, 서버랙(R) 사이의 거리, 설치되는 히트파이프(200)의 수 등에 따라 변경될 수 있다.The frame 100 is installed on the server rack (R). As shown in Figure 1, one frame 100 is installed on the two server racks (R). The frame 100 is formed in an approximately square column shape, and a plurality of heat pipes 200 are installed therein. The size of the frame 100 may be changed according to the size of the server rack R, the distance between the server racks R, the number of installed heat pipes 200, and the like.
히트파이프(200)는 프레임(100)에 설치되고, 내부에 작동유체가 수용되어 서버랙(R)의 상부로 상승하는 공기로부터 열을 흡수한다. 도 1 내지 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 복수의 히트파이프(200)는 두 개의 서버랙(R) 사이를 가로지르도록 설치된다. 이에 따라 서버와 서버 사이에서 가열된 공기가 상승하면서 복수의 히트파이프(200) 사이를 지나가게 된다. 이때, 히트파이프(200)와 가열 공기 사이에 열전달이 이루어진다. 그리고 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 복수의 히트파이프(200)는 냉각파이프(300)에 수직으로 연결된다.The heat pipe 200 is installed in the frame 100, and the working fluid is accommodated therein to absorb heat from the air rising to the top of the server rack R. 1 to 2, a plurality of heat pipes 200 are installed to cross between two server racks (R). Accordingly, the heated air between the server and the server rises and passes between the plurality of heat pipes 200. At this time, heat is transferred between the heat pipe 200 and the heated air. And, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of heat pipes 200 are vertically connected to the cooling pipe 300.
이러한 히트파이프(200)는 필요한 냉각성능에 따라 여러 층으로 이루어질 수 있다. 즉 히트파이프(200)가 상하로 여러 층으로 이루어짐으로써, 상승하는 공기는 더 많은 히트파이프(200)를 지나가면서 열전달이 이루어질 수 있다.The heat pipe 200 may be formed of several layers according to the required cooling performance. That is, since the heat pipe 200 is made up of several layers up and down, ascending air may pass through more heat pipes 200 to achieve heat transfer.
히트파이프(200)는 효과적인 열전달을 위하여 외부에 표면적을 증가시킬 수 있는 냉각핀을 설치할 수도 있지만, 이 경우, 히트파이프(200) 자체의 크기가 작아져 작동유체를 수용하기 위한 히트파이프(200)의 내부 공간이 줄어들거나, 설치할 수 있는 히트파이프(200)의 수가 감소할 수밖에 없다.The heat pipe 200 may be provided with a cooling fin that can increase the surface area outside for effective heat transfer, but in this case, the size of the heat pipe 200 itself is reduced and the heat pipe 200 for accommodating the working fluid The internal space of the unit is reduced, or the number of heat pipes 200 that can be installed is inevitably reduced.
반면, 본 발명의 외부 윅 히트파이프(200)는 파이프본체(200a) 외부에 복수의 윅홈(201)이 형성됨으로써, 동일한 공간에서 히트파이프(200) 자체의 크기를 증가시키거나 더 많은 히트파이프(200)를 설치하여 히트파이프(200)에 의한 열전달 효과를 극대화시킬 수 있다.On the other hand, in the external wick heat pipe 200 of the present invention, a plurality of wick grooves 201 are formed outside the pipe body 200a, so that the size of the heat pipe 200 itself is increased or more heat pipes ( 200) can be installed to maximize the heat transfer effect by the heat pipe 200.
냉각파이프(300)는 복수의 히트파이프(200)의 일단이 각각 연결되어 히트파이프(200)로부터 열을 흡수한다. 즉 하나의 냉각파이프(300)는 복수의 히트파이프(200)의 일단과 각각 연결되도록 절곡 형성된다. 그리고 히트파이프(200)의 일단은 냉각파이프(300)의 내부로 삽입되어, 냉각파이프(300)가 히트파이프(200)의 일단을 감싸는 형태로 이루어진다. 이에 따라 히트파이프(200) 내부에서 가열공기의 열을 흡수한 작동유체는 히트파이프(200)의 일단에서 냉각파이프(300)를 통해 지나가는 냉각수로 열을 전달한다.The cooling pipe 300 has one end of the plurality of heat pipes 200 connected to each other to absorb heat from the heat pipe 200. That is, one cooling pipe 300 is bent so as to be connected to one end of the plurality of heat pipes 200, respectively. In addition, one end of the heat pipe 200 is inserted into the cooling pipe 300 so that the cooling pipe 300 surrounds one end of the heat pipe 200. Accordingly, the working fluid absorbing the heat of the heating air inside the heat pipe 200 transfers heat from one end of the heat pipe 200 to the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 300.
냉각수공급부(400)는 냉각파이프(300)로 냉각수를 순환시킨다.The cooling water supply unit 400 circulates the cooling water through the cooling pipe 300.
전술한 바와 같이, 서버에서 발생하는 열에 의해 주위의 공기가 가열되면, 가열공기가 상승하면서 복수의 히트파이프(200)를 지나가게 된다. 이때, 가열공기는 복수의 히트파이프(200)와 열전달이 이루어진다. 히트파이프(200) 내부에 수용되어 있는 작동유체는 가열공기로부터 열을 흡수한 후, 냉각수로 다시 열을 전달한다. 이에 따라 작동유체는 가열공기로부터 계속해서 열을 흡수할 수 있다. 그리고 열전달이 이루어진 공기는 상부에 설치되어 있는 덕트(D)로 유입되고, 덕트(D)를 따라 이동 후 배출구(E)를 통해 데이터 센터(C) 내부로 배출된다. 한편, 배출구(E)에는 팬을 설치하여 데이터 센터(C)로 원활한 공기의 배출이 이루어지도록 할 수도 있다.As described above, when the surrounding air is heated by the heat generated by the server, the heated air rises and passes through the plurality of heat pipes 200. At this time, the heated air is transferred to the plurality of heat pipes 200. The working fluid housed in the heat pipe 200 absorbs heat from the heated air and then transfers the heat back to the cooling water. This allows the working fluid to continuously absorb heat from the heated air. In addition, the air that has undergone heat transfer is introduced into the duct (D) installed at the top, moves along the duct (D), and is discharged into the data center (C) through the outlet (E). On the other hand, a fan may be installed at the outlet (E) so that air can be smoothly discharged to the data center (C).
제2 실시예Embodiment 2
본 발명의 제2 실시예에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프(200)에는 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이 제1 수용부(210)와 제2 수용부(220)가 형성된다.In the external wick heat pipe 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, a first accommodating portion 210 and a second accommodating portion 220 are formed.
제1 수용부(210)는 밀폐공간으로 형성되며 내부에 작동유체가 수용된다. 제2 수용부(220)는 냉각파이프(300)와 연결되는 일단이 개방형성되어 타단방향으로 연장형성된다.The first accommodating part 210 is formed as a closed space and the working fluid is accommodated therein. The second accommodating part 220 has an open end connected to the cooling pipe 300 to extend in the other end direction.
이러한 히트파이프(200)는 제1 수용부(210)가 제2 수용부(220)를 감싸도록 형성되고, 제2 수용부(220)에는 냉각수가 유입되어 작동유체와 열전달이 이루어진다. 즉 냉각파이프(300)를 지나가는 냉각수는 제2 수용부(220)로 유입되고, 제1 수용부(210)에 수용되어 있는 작동유체가 제2 수용부(220)로 유입된 냉각수를 외부에서 감싸는 형태가 되어 작동유체와 냉각수 사이에 열전달이 이루어지게 된다.The heat pipe 200 is formed so that the first accommodating portion 210 surrounds the second accommodating portion 220, and cooling water flows into the second accommodating portion 220 to transfer heat to the working fluid. That is, the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 300 flows into the second receiving part 220, and the working fluid accommodated in the first receiving part 210 surrounds the cooling water introduced into the second receiving part 220 from the outside. As a result, heat transfer occurs between the working fluid and the coolant.
제1 실시예와 같이 파이프본체(200a)의 외부에는 윅홈(201) 및 나노방열코팅층이 형성될 수 있다.As in the first embodiment, a wick groove 201 and a nano heat dissipating coating layer may be formed outside the pipe body 200a.
본 발명에 따른 외부 윅 히트파이프는 전술한 실시예에 국한되지 않고 본 발명의 기술사상이 허용되는 범위 내에서 다양하게 변형하여 실시할 수 있다.The external wick heat pipe according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be implemented by various modifications within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (3)

  1. 냉각수가 지나가는 하나의 냉각파이프에 수직으로 연결되는 복수의 외부 윅 히트파이프로서, 원통형상의 파이프본체 외부에 상기 파이프본체의 길이방향과 나란하게 복수의 윅홈이 형성되고,As a plurality of external wick heat pipes vertically connected to one cooling pipe through which cooling water passes, a plurality of wick grooves are formed outside the cylindrical pipe body in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the pipe body,
    상기 파이프본체에는, 밀폐공간으로서 작동유체가 수용되는 제1 수용부와, 상기 냉각파이프와 연결되는 일단이 개방형성되어 타단방향으로 연장형성되는 제2 수용부가 형성되며,In the pipe body, a first accommodating portion in which the working fluid is accommodated as a closed space, and a second accommodating portion extending in the other end direction by opening one end connected to the cooling pipe are formed,
    상기 제1 수용부는 상기 제2 수용부를 감싸도록 형성되고, 상기 제2 수용부에는 상기 냉각파이프를 따라 흐르는 냉각수가 유입되어 상기 작동유체가 상기 냉각수를 외부에서 감싸는 형태로 상기 작동유체와 냉각수 사이에 열전달이 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 외부 윅 히트파이프.The first accommodating part is formed to surround the second accommodating part, and the cooling water flowing along the cooling pipe is introduced into the second accommodating part, so that the working fluid surrounds the cooling water from the outside, between the working fluid and the cooling water. External wick heat pipe, characterized in that heat transfer is made.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 파이프본체의 외부에는 나노방열코팅층이 형성되고,A nano heat-radiating coating layer is formed on the outside of the pipe body,
    상기 나노방열코팅층은 95 중량%의 그래핀(graphene), 2 중량%의 폴리우레탄(polyurethana), 1 중량%의 아크릴레이트(acrylate) 및 2 중량%의 불가피한 불순물로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 외부 윅 히트파이프.The nano-heating coating layer is an external wick heat, characterized in that it is made of 95% by weight of graphene, 2% by weight of polyurethane, 1% by weight of acrylate, and 2% by weight of inevitable impurities pipe.
  3. 청구항 2에 있어서,The method according to claim 2,
    상기 나노방열코팅층은 파이프본체에 5~15㎛의 두께로 형성되고, 80℃에서 30분 이상 건조하여 파이프본체 표면에 고착되는 것을 특징으로 하는 외부 윅 히트파이프.The outer wick heat pipe, characterized in that the nano-heating coating layer is formed on the pipe body to a thickness of 5 to 15 μm, and dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes or more to adhere to the surface of the pipe body.
PCT/KR2020/006620 2019-06-07 2020-05-21 Outer-wick heat pipe WO2020246734A1 (en)

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JP2006010141A (en) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-12 Atomu Kenchiku Kankyo Kogaku Kenkyusho:Kk Double tube type heat pipe
KR101635835B1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2016-07-05 한국세라믹기술원 Coating method with colloidal graphine oxides
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