WO2020244324A1 - 图像传输方法及装置 - Google Patents
图像传输方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020244324A1 WO2020244324A1 PCT/CN2020/086281 CN2020086281W WO2020244324A1 WO 2020244324 A1 WO2020244324 A1 WO 2020244324A1 CN 2020086281 W CN2020086281 W CN 2020086281W WO 2020244324 A1 WO2020244324 A1 WO 2020244324A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/119—Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of image transmission technology, and in particular, to image transmission methods and devices.
- the color index coding algorithm has been widely used in the transmission of interactive screen image coding.
- the basic idea is to select several gray values that appear most frequently in the image as the base color, and other gray values and basic colors.
- the gray value difference corresponding to the color within a certain quantization interval can be quantified as the basic color, and other gray values whose difference value is not in the aforementioned quantization interval are used as escape colors, and are designated for the aforementioned basic colors and escape colors Index value, and then replace each pixel value of the original image with a corresponding index value to form an index map, and finally generate a bitstream by encoding the basic color, escape color and index map.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an image transmission method and device, which can solve the problem of excessive code stream and excessive transmission pressure caused by too many escape colors.
- the technical solution is as follows:
- an image transmission method including:
- the types include: text macro block, picture macro block;
- the target macro block is a text macro block
- encode and transmit the data of the target macro block except the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, macro block status table, and macro block status table It is used to characterize whether the data of the macro block at the same position between different frames has changed.
- the method further includes:
- the method further includes:
- the target macro block is a text macro block, quantize the escape color of the target macro block into an M-bit value in the X base;
- the progressive transmission status table selects the Q-bit value encoding transmission and update the progressive transmission status table, Q ⁇ M; the progressive transmission status table is used to represent the number of bits transmitted in the M-bit value.
- the method further includes:
- the target macro block is a text macro block, quantize the escape color of the target macro block into an M-bit value in the X base;
- the Q-bit value (Q ⁇ M) After selecting the Q-bit value (Q ⁇ M) according to the progressive transmission status table and preset rules and updating the progressive transmission status table, it is encoded and transmitted together with the basic color, index map, and index value of the target macroblock.
- the basic color, index map, index value and value of the macroblock can be transmitted in the non-I frame.
- bandwidth can be effectively used.
- the way of progressively encoding and transmitting escape colors in batches is consistent with other frames, which can ensure the image output quality The fluctuation is not big and the user experience is better.
- selecting the Q-bit value according to the progressive transmission status table and a preset rule includes:
- the Q bit values are selected in the order from high to low in the X system.
- quantizing the escape color of the target macroblock into an M-bit value in X-ray system includes:
- an image transmission device which includes:
- the recognition module is used to recognize the type of the target macroblock in the image frame when the current image frame is an I frame; the types include: text macroblock and picture macroblock;
- the transmission module is used to encode and transmit data of the target macro block except for the escape color when the target macro block is a text macro block; the data other than the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, macro block status table , The macro block status table is used to characterize whether the data of the macro block at the same position between different frames has changed.
- the device further includes:
- the judgment module is used to judge whether the image frame is an I frame.
- the device further includes:
- the determining module is used to determine whether the data of the target macro block has changed according to the macro block status table when the image frame is not an I frame;
- the identification module is also used to identify the type of the target macro block when the data of the target macro block has not changed;
- the quantization module is used to quantize the escape color of the target macroblock into an M-bit value in the X base when the target macroblock is a text macroblock;
- the transmission module is also used to select the Q-bit value encoding transmission according to the progressive transmission status table and preset rules and update the progressive transmission status table, Q ⁇ M; the progressive transmission status table is used to represent the number of bits transmitted in the M-bit value.
- the device further includes:
- the update module is used to update the macro block status table and call the recognition module to identify the type of the target macro block when the data of the target macro block changes;
- the quantization module is also used to quantize the escape color of the target macroblock into an M-bit value in the X base when the target macroblock is a text macroblock;
- the transmission module is also used to select the Q-bit value (Q ⁇ M) according to the progressive transmission state table and preset rules and update the progressive transmission state table, and then encode and transmit together with the basic color, index map, and index value of the target macroblock.
- the basic color, index map, index value and value of the macroblock can be transmitted in the non-I frame.
- bandwidth can be effectively used.
- the way of progressively encoding and transmitting escape colors in batches is consistent with other frames, which can ensure the image output quality The fluctuation is not big and the user experience is better.
- the transmission module is specifically used for:
- the quantization module is specifically used for:
- the type of the target macroblock in the image frame is recognized; the types include: text macroblock, picture macroblock; when the target macroblock is text macroblock
- the data other than the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, macroblock status table, the macroblock status table is used to represent the same between different frames Whether the data of the macro block at the position has changed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a first schematic flowchart of an image transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the flow of an image transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a first structural diagram of an image transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a second structural diagram of an image transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 1 shows the architecture diagram of the video compression transmission system.
- video coding a coded image is usually divided into several macroblocks.
- the video coding algorithm takes macroblocks as the unit, and encodes each macroblock into continuous video codes. Stream and transmit.
- the encoder and the decoder are matched with each other, and the process of video decoding by the video decoding algorithm can be understood as the data reverse processing of the video encoding algorithm.
- the types of macroblocks in the embodiments of the present disclosure include at least two types: text macroblocks and picture macroblocks.
- a text macroblock refers to the image content of the macroblock, which is mainly text
- the picture macroblock refers to the image content of the macroblock.
- the text does not include text, and the macroblock can be identified as a text macroblock or a picture macroblock according to the recognition algorithm.
- the recognition algorithm can be understood by referring to the existing related recognition algorithm, which will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the image frame can be divided into several macroblocks according to the macroblock size of 16*16 (the unit is pixels) (16*16 is only a preferred division method, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. (8*8 or 4*4 partitioning methods are also allowed).
- the target macroblock can be understood as any macroblock to be encoded after the image frame is partitioned.
- the recognition strategy it is recognized whether it is a text macro block or a picture macro block.
- the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to the text macro block.
- the existing picture macro block related coding processing method can be used. Details are not given in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the process of determining the basic color, escape color, index map, and index value is as follows:
- YUV The color coding method of YUV is commonly used in video coding, where Y stands for Luminance, U and V stand for Chrominance and Chroma, respectively.
- Step 1 Perform histogram statistics on the values of the YUV component of the video image of the text macroblock (16*16).
- the horizontal axis of the histogram is the value of the component, and the vertical axis is the frequency of occurrence of the value.
- Step 2 Find the basic color and escape color for the YUV components of each macroblock, and obtain a mark table with a size of 16x16 for each YUV component, and then jointly express the three mark tables as a new mark table.
- the label value of the Y component, U component, and V component is limited to 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 according to the aforementioned joint expression formula.
- the specific label value of each pixel Y component, U component, and V component can be deduced.
- the label value of the current pixel is compared with the label value of the adjacent left and upper pixels (which can be set to) to obtain the LUO table.
- L indicates that the current pixel has the same label value as its left neighboring pixel, and is re-marked as 0;
- U indicates that the current pixel has the same basic color value as the pixel directly above, and re-marked as 1;
- O indicates that the current pixel is marked with the upper and left pixels
- the values are all different, relabeled to 2. A special case needs to be explained here. When there are pixels on the left and above the current pixel, the current pixel is first compared with the neighboring pixel on the left.
- Step 3 Perform further processing on the LUO table to determine the index map and the index value.
- the LUO table can be deduced; further, the label value of each pixel can be deduced, and further, each pixel can be deduced.
- the specific label values of the Y, U, and V components of each pixel; finally, combining the component values of the respective basic colors of the Y, U, and V components, the specific components of the Y, U, and V components of each pixel can be finally deduced Value.
- the above-mentioned reverse inference processing may be performed by the video decoding end.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an image transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the image transmission method includes the following steps:
- the method further includes:
- step 101 and corresponding steps are executed; when it is determined that the image frame is not an I frame, step 103 and corresponding steps are executed.
- the target macroblock is a text macroblock
- encode and transmit data other than the escape color of the target macroblock includes: basic color, index map, index value, macroblock status table, and macroblock
- the state table is used to characterize whether the data of the macro block at the same position between different frames has changed.
- the table can store the status data of all macroblocks in the image frame. For example, 1 can be used to indicate that the two image frames before and after are the same. The data of the macro block at the position has changed, and 0 means no change.
- the macroblock status table is updated in real time and can be maintained at the encoding end and the decoding end at the same time. The macroblock status table is needed when the encoding end encodes the macroblock data, and the macroblock status table is used when the decoding end decodes the data.
- step 102 when encoding an I frame, only data other than the escape color is encoded, thereby avoiding the problem of too large code stream and excessive transmission pressure caused by too many escape colors.
- the method may further include:
- the macroblock status table determines whether the data between the target macroblock in the image frame and the macroblock whose position in the previous image frame corresponds to the target macroblock has changed.
- the screen content will not change for a certain period of time, and therefore, the data of the macroblocks of a large number of image frames will not change.
- the target macroblock is a text macroblock or a picture macro according to the recognition strategy. Piece.
- the target macroblock is a text macroblock
- the escape color of the target macroblock is quantized into an M-bit value in X-ray system, which specifically includes:
- the foregoing process of quantizing the escape color (with a value in the range of [0,255]) to [0,15] with parameter 16 is as follows: the value of the escape color in the range of [0,15] is quantized as 0, and the value is The escape color in the range of [16,31] is quantized as 1, the escape color in the range of [32,47] is quantified as 2,..., the escape color in the range of [240,255] is quantified as 15.
- the progressive transmission status table select the Q-bit value encoding transmission and update the progressive transmission status table, Q ⁇ M; the progressive transmission status table is used to represent the number of bits transmitted in the M-bit value.
- selecting the Q-bit value according to the progressive transmission status table and preset rules specifically includes:
- the escape color is transmitted, the number of bits that have been transmitted is known, and the untransmitted bits are selected to continue encoding and transmission. If the one-bit value of the escape color is set for one frame of image transmission, the four image frames can be completely transmitted.
- the method may further include:
- the macroblock status table is updated, similar to step 101, and the target macroblock is identified as text according to the recognition strategy.
- the macro block is also the picture macro block.
- the target macroblock is a text macroblock
- step 105 refers to the expression in step 105 for understanding.
- step 106 refers to the expression in step 106 and the aforementioned expressions related to basic colors, index maps, and index values for understanding.
- the basic color, index map, index value and value of the macroblock can be transmitted in the non-I frame.
- bandwidth can be effectively used.
- the way of progressively encoding and transmitting escape colors in batches is consistent with other frames (step 106). Ensure that the image output quality does not fluctuate much and the user experience is better.
- the type of the target macroblock in the image frame is recognized; the types include: text macroblock and picture macroblock; when the target macroblock is a text macroblock, Encode and transmit data other than the escape color of the target macroblock; the data other than the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, macroblock status table, the macroblock status table is used to represent the same position between different frames Whether the data of the macro block has changed.
- the data other than the escape color is encoded to avoid the problem of excessively large code stream and excessive transmission pressure when there are too many escape colors.
- an image transmission device As shown in FIG. 4, the image transmission device 40 includes:
- the recognition module 401 is used to recognize the type of the target macroblock in the image frame when the current image frame is an I frame; the types include: text macroblock and picture macroblock;
- the transmission module 402 is used for encoding and transmitting data of the target macroblock except for the escape color when the target macroblock is a text macroblock; the data other than the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, and macroblock status Table, the macro block status table is used to characterize whether the data of the macro block at the same position between different frames has changed.
- the device 40 further includes:
- the judging module 400 is used to judge whether the image frame is an I frame.
- the device 40 further includes:
- the determining module 403 is configured to determine whether the data of the target macro block has changed according to the macro block status table when the image frame is not an I frame;
- the identification module 401 is also used to identify the type of the target macro block when the data of the target macro block has not changed;
- the quantization module 404 is configured to quantize the escape color of the target macroblock into an M-bit value in the X base when the target macroblock is a text macroblock;
- the transmission module 402 is also used to select the Q-bit value encoding transmission according to the progressive transmission status table and preset rules and update the progressive transmission status table, Q ⁇ M; the progressive transmission status table is used to represent the number of bits transmitted in the M-bit value.
- the device 40 further includes:
- the update module 405 is used to update the macro block status table and call the identification module 401 to identify the type of the target macro block when the data of the target macro block changes;
- the quantization module 404 is also used for quantizing the escape color of the target macroblock into an M-bit value in the X base when the target macroblock is a text macroblock;
- the transmission module 402 is also used to select the Q-bit value (Q ⁇ M) according to the progressive transmission status table and preset rules and update the progressive transmission status table, and then encode and transmit together with the basic color, index map, and index value of the target macroblock. .
- the basic color, index map, index value and value of the macroblock can be transmitted in the non-I frame.
- bandwidth can be effectively used.
- the way of progressively encoding and transmitting escape colors in batches is consistent with other frames, which can ensure the image output quality The fluctuation is not big and the user experience is better.
- the transmission module 402 is specifically configured to:
- the quantization module 404 is specifically configured to:
- the type of the target macroblock in the image frame is recognized; the types include: text macroblock, picture macroblock; when the target macroblock is a text macroblock, Encode and transmit data other than the escape color of the target macroblock; the data other than the escape color includes: basic color, index map, index value, macroblock status table, the macroblock status table is used to represent the same position between different frames Whether the data of the macro block has changed.
- the data other than the escape color is encoded to avoid the problem of excessively large code stream and excessive transmission pressure when there are too many escape colors.
- the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (English: Read Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk and optical data storage device, etc.
- the storage medium stores computer instructions for executing the image transmission method described in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to FIG. 1, which will not be repeated here.
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Claims (10)
- 一种图像传输方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:当前图像帧为I帧时,识别所述图像帧中目标宏块的类型;所述类型包括:文本宏块、图片宏块;当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,编码所述目标宏块的除逃逸色以外的数据并传输;所述除逃逸色以外的数据包括:基本色、索引图、索引值、宏块状态表,所述宏块状态表用于表征不同帧之间相同位置的宏块的数据是否发生变化。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法之前还包括:判断所述图像帧是否为I帧。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:当所述图像帧非I帧时,根据所述宏块状态表确定所述目标宏块的数据是否发生变化;当所述目标宏块的数据未发生变化时,识别所述目标宏块的类型;当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,将所述目标宏块的逃逸色量化为X进制下M位数值;根据渐进传输状态表以及预设规则选取Q位数值编码传输并更新所述渐进传输状态表,Q≤M;所述渐进传输状态表用于表征所述M位数值中已传输的位数。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:当所述目标宏块的数据发生变化时,更新所述宏块状态表并识别所述目标宏块的类型;当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,将所述目标宏块的逃逸色量化为X进制下M位数值;根据渐进传输状态表以及预设规则选取Q位数值(Q≤M)并更新所述渐进传输状态表后,连同所述目标宏块的基本色、索引图、索引值一并编码传输。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据渐进传输状态表 以及预设规则选取Q位数值,包括:根据所述渐进传输状态表确定所述M位数值中还未传输的P位,Q≤P≤M;在所述还未传输的P位中按照所述X进制中从高位到低位的顺序选取Q位数值。
- 一种图像传输装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:识别模块,用于当前图像帧为I帧时,识别所述图像帧中目标宏块的类型;所述类型包括:文本宏块、图片宏块;传输模块,用于当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,编码所述目标宏块的除逃逸色以外的数据并传输;所述除逃逸色以外的数据包括:基本色、索引图、索引值、宏块状态表,所述宏块状态表用于表征不同帧之间相同位置的宏块的数据是否发生变化。
- 根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:判断模块,用于判断所述图像帧是否为I帧。
- 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:确定模块,用于当所述图像帧非I帧时,根据所述宏块状态表确定所述目标宏块的数据是否发生变化;所述识别模块,还用于当所述目标宏块的数据未发生变化时,识别所述目标宏块的类型;量化模块,用于当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,将所述目标宏块的逃逸色量化为X进制下M位数值;所述传输模块,还用于根据渐进传输状态表以及预设规则选取Q位数值编码传输并更新所述渐进传输状态表,Q≤M;所述渐进传输状态表用于表征所述M位数值中已传输的位数。
- 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:更新模块,用于当所述目标宏块的数据发生变化时,更新所述宏块状态表并调用所述识别模块识别所述目标宏块的类型;所述量化模块,还用于当所述目标宏块为文本宏块时,将所述目标宏块的逃逸色量化为X进制下M位数值;所述传输模块,还用于根据渐进传输状态表以及预设规则选取Q位数值(Q≤M)并更新所述渐进传输状态表后,连同所述目标宏块的基本色、索引图、索引值一并编码传输。
- 根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传输模块具体用于:根据所述渐进传输状态表确定所述M位数值中还未传输的P位,Q≤P≤M;在所述还未传输的P位中按照所述X进制中从高位到低位的顺序选取Q位数值并更新所述渐进传输状态表后编码传输。
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