WO2020239867A1 - Procédé d'authentification d'un produit au moyen de motifs de fourier - Google Patents

Procédé d'authentification d'un produit au moyen de motifs de fourier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020239867A1
WO2020239867A1 PCT/EP2020/064756 EP2020064756W WO2020239867A1 WO 2020239867 A1 WO2020239867 A1 WO 2020239867A1 EP 2020064756 W EP2020064756 W EP 2020064756W WO 2020239867 A1 WO2020239867 A1 WO 2020239867A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fourier
fourier pattern
product
pattern
augmented reality
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/064756
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan BORGSMÜLLER
Jochen Aulbach
Steffen Scheibenstock
Original Assignee
Tesa Scribos Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tesa Scribos Gmbh filed Critical Tesa Scribos Gmbh
Priority to EP20729990.0A priority Critical patent/EP3977423A1/fr
Publication of WO2020239867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020239867A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/202—Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching
    • G07D7/206—Matching template patterns
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
    • G07D7/0043—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using barcodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/2008—Testing patterns thereon using pre-processing, e.g. de-blurring, averaging, normalisation or rotation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/2016—Testing patterns thereon using feature extraction, e.g. segmentation, edge detection or Hough-transformation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for authenticating a product.
  • EP 3 388 250 A1 proposes printed security features for product authentication which have such a high resolution that a simple copy leads to a significant deterioration in the quality of the image of the security feature. This deterioration can be detected by machine. The problem arises that an enlarged copy of this security feature often does not lead to such a deterioration and the machine recognition can be outwitted. As a rule, the size of the security feature is not measured during machine detection and therefore the resolution is not determined absolutely.
  • a graphic code for example a 1 D or 2D barcode, a QR code or the like, is Fourier transformed into a Fourier pattern.
  • the Fourier pattern is used as part of a security feature and is placed on a product.
  • product is to be understood here broadly; it can be the actual item that is being offered or sold, but also the packaging of the product or the outer packaging of the product
  • a mobile terminal device with a camera, a screen and a computing unit is used.
  • the mobile terminal is preferably a commercially available smartphone, onto which apps can be downloaded from a conventional app store, or data glasses.
  • the choice of mobile device is not limited to this.
  • the inverse-transformed Fourier pattern again comprises the original graphic code, which is read in by machine, and according to the invention, augmented reality contents assigned to the graphic code are then retrieved and an augmented reality application is displayed on the screen.
  • Augmented reality or augmented reality is understood here as the definition that can be found under Wikipedia, for example:
  • Augmented Reality is a computer-aided expansion of the perception of reality that can basically address all human senses.
  • augmented reality only affects the visual representation of information, i.e. images or videos are supplemented with computer-generated additional information.
  • Virtual objects can also replace the recorded or live-streamed images by means of fading in and overlay.
  • the invention makes use of the idea of using a Fourier pattern as a security feature or as part of a security feature.
  • the pattern cannot be seen by the human observer because it looks like a random pattern.
  • humans no longer recognize structures, but only a homogeneous surface.
  • the Fourier pattern can be hidden in other graphic elements, such as images or gray gradients. With the Fourier pattern, a largely inconspicuous and hidden marking of the product succeed. It is therefore ideally suited for augmented reality applications.
  • an image of the pattern captured by the camera by an image processing program is Fourier back-transformed and the amplitude of the Fourier back-transform is fed to an evaluation.
  • the Fourier inverse transform is a graphic code, preferably a barcode or the like, which can be fed to a barcode recognition.
  • the Fourier pattern has the very favorable property of translation invariance, i.e. the Fourier pattern does not have to be arranged in its x and y directions in a very specific position relative to the camera or the smartphone, but the camera can be positioned in x - and y-direction can be arranged at any point of the Fourier pattern or only capture sections of the Fourier pattern.
  • An inverse Fourier transformation into the graphic code is then still possible. As a result, the recognition of the security feature by the image processing program is extremely robust.
  • the evaluation of the graphic code preferably yields an identifier, a serial number or the like. If there is no Fourier pattern in the captured image, no code will be recognized.
  • the evaluation of the graphic code can be set in such a way that a low false positive rate is achieved and thus the risk of incorrect identification is extremely low.
  • the identifier can preferably be used to identify the product by means of a database query. Once the product has been identified, augmented reality content is called up and displayed.
  • a barcode in particular a data matrix or QR code, is preferably used as the graphic code. Such codes can be safely evaluated.
  • a product-specific graphic code is particularly preferably used.
  • a unique graphic code is used.
  • a unique code is a code that occurs only once in a series of similar products. It is particularly preferred that bonus programs or competitions associated with the unique graphic code are shown to the user on the display.
  • a smartphone or data glasses are favorably used as the end device.
  • product reference data can be called up to aid positioning for the augmented reality content in the display.
  • Product reference data are preferably product shapes or the graphic design of the product. With the product reference data, the position and location of the product in the camera image can be determined very precisely and thus the augmented reality content can be positioned very well.
  • the Fourier pattern is particularly preferably applied to the product with a resolution of at least 300 dpi, preferably at least 600 dpi, preferably at least 800 dpi.
  • the resolution includes copy protection in such a way that the graphic code in the Fourier pattern is no longer readable with a standard printer after it has been scanned and printed out, or it can at least be detected that it is a copy.
  • reflective coatings can be applied to the Fourier pattern, which interfere with the copying or scanning process.
  • the augmented reality application preferably instructs the user to bring the mobile terminal into a predetermined position relative to the Fourier pattern and to authenticate the Fourier pattern.
  • augmented reality applications are much more effective than conventional user guidance using brochures, operating instructions or the like.
  • Another form of user guidance can consist in animating a coordinate system in an augmented reality application on the product, with the aid of which the mobile terminal can be aligned with the Fourier pattern.
  • the resolution of the Fourier pattern can particularly preferably be determined and compared with stored data.
  • a size of the product packaging is preferably stored in the database.
  • the size can be determined at the same time and the resolution of the recorded Fourier pattern can be calculated. If the determined resolution of the Fourier pattern does not match the stored data, there is a high probability that the product is counterfeit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of a product packaging with one according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a live stream of the packaging in FIG. 1 on the display of a
  • FIG. 3a shows the Fourier pattern in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3b shows a 2D barcode inversely transformed from the Fourier pattern in FIG. 3a
  • FIG. 4 shows a representation of the live stream in FIG. 2 with an augmented reality
  • a package 1 of headphones is shown.
  • the package 1 is shown in a plan view and has a square outline.
  • a security feature 2 is arranged on the top right of the packaging.
  • the security feature 2 is firmly glued to the packaging 1.
  • the adhesive strength of the security feature 2 on the packaging 1 is so great that it is not possible to remove the security feature 2 without destroying the packaging 1.
  • the security feature 1 in FIG. 1 comprises a Fourier pattern 3.
  • the Fier position of this type of Fourier pattern 3 is described, for example, in EP 3 388 250 A1.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 is basically the Fourier transform of a barcode 4 shown in FIG. 3b, in particular a 2D barcode 4.
  • FIG. 3a The Fourier pattern of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3a.
  • Fig. 3b the Fourier inverse transform of the Fourier pattern 3 is shown in Fig. 3a.
  • the Fourier inverse transform has the property that the original barcode 4 appears twice.
  • the 2D barcode 4 is a machine-readable, graphic 2D code.
  • the graphic 2D code is embedded in a real amplitude function of a two-dimensional, discrete, complex function G (f x , f y ) with an f x frequency coordinate and an fy frequency coordinate.
  • complex numbers or complex functions can be represented either as the sum of the real and imaginary parts or in polar coordinate notation as an amplitude function and phase function.
  • One possibility for generating the Fourier pattern 3 is to make the 2D barcode 4 available as an amplitude function of the two-dimensional, discrete, complex function G (f x , f y ).
  • the amplitude function has either the function value 0 or the function value 1 via the two frequency coordinates f x , f y .
  • the two-dimensional, discrete, complex function G (f x f y ) is Fourier transformed.
  • the resulting Fourier transform g (x, y) is binarized to a two-dimensional image.
  • the process of binarization is discussed in EP 3 388 250 A1. Basically, the real part of the Fourier transform g (x, y) is determined and binarized using a threshold value. Binarization means that either the value 1 or the value 0 is assigned to each pixel of the image.
  • the discussed binarized Fourier transform g (x,) corresponds to the Fourier pattern shown in FIG. 3a. It is further referred to as Fourier pattern 3.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 is preferably printed with a resolution of at least 300 dpi, preferably at least 600 dpi, preferably at least 800 dpi on the security label 2 or printed directly on the packaging 1.
  • the high resolution of the Fourier pattern 3 represents copy protection, as conventional photography or scanning of the Fourier pattern 3 and re-printing it on a commercially available printer creates a print image that shows the very fine and many details and substructures of the Fourier pattern 3 destroyed, so that a reconstruction, that is, Fourier inverse transformation of the 2D barcode is no longer possible or is only incompletely possible, which has the effect that the Fourier inverse transformation of a copied Fourier pattern of FIG. 3a the 2D barcode 4 generated, which appears significantly weaker, i.e.
  • the Fourier inverse-transformed 2D barcode 4 thus allows conclusions to be drawn that this may be a counterfeit product.
  • the 2D barcode 4 of a copied Fourier pattern becomes significantly weaker in the outer areas, which represent high spatial frequencies, since high spatial frequencies are transmitted incompletely or not at all during the copy.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b the result of the Fourier inverse transformation of the Fourier pattern 3 of FIG. 3a is shown as a 2D barcode 4.
  • the 2D barcode 4 is so strong and sharp that it can be easily read by a barcode reader integrated in the smartphone and confirms the authenticity of the headphones or the product in general.
  • the process of authenticating the product is integrated into an augmented reality application (German: extended reality application).
  • augmented reality is essentially understood to mean the term “augmented reality” defined on the Wikipedia website, for example. It is a computer-aided expansion of the perception of reality that basically appeals to all human senses, but augmented reality is often only understood to be the visual representation of information. Images or videos or a live stream are overlaid with computer-generated additional information or virtual objects.
  • FIG. 4 a thank you 9 pronounced “Thank you for buying headphones” in the augmented reality application and inserted as an animation into the live stream of the recorded packaging 1.
  • the product with the Fourier pattern 3 is first recorded by a rear camera 8 of a smartphone 6.
  • the captured image is shown in a live stream on a display 7 of the smartphone 6 according to FIG. 2.
  • An app is downloaded to the smartphone 6 which enables the Fourier pattern 3 to be applied detect.
  • the user of the smartphone 6 receives an indication via the augmented reality application as to how he should hold the smartphone 6 relative to the packaging 1 of the headphones and at what distance from the packaging 1 or from the Fourier pattern 3 he should hold the smartphone camera 6 should bring about.
  • the distance between the camera 8 and the Fourier pattern 3 is important, since if the distance between the Fourier pattern 3 and the camera 8 is too great, it is no longer possible to detect all the subtleties of the Fourier pattern 3 and a reconstruction of the 2D barcode 4 then is no longer possible. On the other hand, if the camera 8 is brought too close to the Fourier pattern 3, the image becomes blurred, and thus the necessary subtleties and details of the Fourier pattern 3 are also lost, which can also complicate the Fourier pattern 3 to transform back.
  • the camera 8 detects the packaging 1 of the smartphone 6 and thereby the relative position of the packaging 1 with respect to the smartphone 6 can be calculated.
  • augmented reality animates a coordinate system on the surface of the packaging 1. Even when the packaging moves, the packaging's coordinate system is tracked as an augmented reality application. The user now receives information about where to move the smartphone in the coordinate system.
  • the coordinate system is projected onto the surface in such a way that the zero point is arranged centrally in the Fourier pattern 3 and the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to the sides of the Fourier pattern 3.
  • other configurations are also conceivable.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 is transformed back in accordance with FIGS. 3a and 3b, and the 2D barcode 4 that is created is implemented with a standard, also implemented on the smartphone or already in of the downloaded app implemented, read the barcode reader.
  • the information read for example a serial number, can be compared with information stored in a database, and if they match, the thank 9 shown in FIG. 4 is also shown in the augmented reality application in the live stream of the product.
  • the information encoded in the barcode 4 can be a serial number or letters, combinations of numbers or the like.
  • the serial numbers are kept in such a way that they identify the product.
  • the database can be stored on the smartphone 6; it is also conceivable that the smartphone is connected to a central server via an Internet connection and the database is stored on the central server and the scanned serial number is compared there with the stored serial number. If they match, the product is authenticated. If the serial number cannot be found in the database, the product is counterfeit. In this case, no thanks 9, but a suitable other animation is shown in FIG.
  • a bonus program or competition assigned to the serial number can be carried out in the augmented reality application. For example, certain serial numbers can be assigned certain profits, or the user receives a discount for each serial number determined.
  • FIG. 5 shows an augmented reality application in the live stream of the product 1 with interactive user instructions.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 is recognized in the streamed image and the augmented reality application sets a box 1 1 around the Fourier pattern 3 and an instruction that the camera 8 of the smartphone 6 is closer and more central to the Align Fourier Pattern 3.
  • a new instruction will appear on the display 7 as part of the augmented reality application, for example that the camera 8 should be moved back a little.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 in FIG. 5 is copy-protected by a high resolution of 800 dpi. It is printed on the packaging in such a high resolution that a copy of the Fourier pattern 3 with a commercially available standard copier is significantly reduced in resolution, so that the copied Fourier pattern 3 either becomes illegible or the copy can at least be detected on the basis of a deterioration in quality is.
  • this is a request with an arrow “Please move camera here”. If the user moves the smartphone 6 in the correct direction, information on the correctness of the movement can be displayed, such as. B. a green tick. Conversely, if the user moves the device in the wrong direction, other information can be displayed, such as: B. a red exclamation mark.
  • the augmented reality application can react to the user movement with further augmented reality information as feedback.
  • Such user guidance is clearly superior to the user guidance known from the prior art, since it can intuitively convey the desired position to the user using augmented reality and can give the user feedback in the event of incorrect movement.
  • the Fourier pattern 3 is copy-protected by high resolution, and product reference data, which are retrieved from a database, for example, contain the physical size of the product, that is to say its outer dimensions.
  • the augmented reality application can determine a coordinate system on the product and thus determine an absolute size of the Fourier pattern 3.
  • the augmented reality application can determine the resolution of the Fourier pattern 3 by determining the position of the graphic code in the Fourier transform. This determines the spatial frequency in the local area.
  • the augmented reality application can recognize the Fourier pattern 3 as valid if it has the expected resolution. Otherwise it will be recognized as invalid. In this way, the application is protected from an enlarged copy of the Fourier pattern 3, and the authentication of the product 1 is improved.
  • FIGS. 6a to 6d show a series of similar products 1, namely headphones and product packaging, each of which encodes a Fourier pattern 3 with a different individual identifier in the form of a serial number.
  • the serial number is listed below the product packaging 1 in FIGS. 6a-6d.
  • Each product 1 in the series is given a unique serial number, which is contained in the identifier in the graphic code.
  • a Fourier pattern 3 is used as a graphic code used.
  • the individual product 1 can be uniquely identified and authenticated in the augmented reality application.
  • the user can be signaled in the augmented reality application that he has an original product in front of him.
  • bonus programs or competitions for example, in the augmented reality application.
  • bonus payments or the like could be assigned to specific serial numbers that are authorized by reading in the serial numbers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'authentification d'un produit comprenant les étapes suivantes : transformation de Fourier d'un code graphique (4) en un motif de Fourier (3) et disposition du motif de Fourier (3) sur le produit, utilisation d'un terminal mobile (6) doté d'une caméra (8), d'un écran (7) et d'une unité de calcul et capture d'une image du motif de Fourier (3) par la caméra (8), transformation inverse de Fourier de l'image capturée en le code graphique (4), lecture par machine et évaluation du code graphique (4), invocation des contenus de réalité augmentée associés au code graphique (4) et représentation sur l'écran (7) d'une application de réalité augmentée qui représente un résultat de l'évaluation du code graphique (4).
PCT/EP2020/064756 2019-05-28 2020-05-27 Procédé d'authentification d'un produit au moyen de motifs de fourier WO2020239867A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20729990.0A EP3977423A1 (fr) 2019-05-28 2020-05-27 Procédé d'authentification d'un produit au moyen de motifs de fourier

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019207856.7 2019-05-28
DE102019207856.7A DE102019207856A1 (de) 2019-05-28 2019-05-28 Verfahren zur Authentifizierung eines Produktes mittels Fourier-Mustern

Publications (1)

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WO2020239867A1 true WO2020239867A1 (fr) 2020-12-03

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EP (1) EP3977423A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019207856A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020239867A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2612174A (en) * 2021-08-20 2023-04-26 Andrews & Wykeham Ltd Optical authentication structure with augmented reality feature
WO2023237476A1 (fr) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-14 Scribos Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un corps multicouche, corps multicouche, procédé d'authentification d'un corps multicouche et système d'authentification

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020215752A1 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Scribos Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Serie fälschungssicherer Verpackungen und eine Serie fälschungssicherer Verpackungen, ein Authentifizierungsverfahren und ein Authentifizierungssystem

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US8442295B2 (en) 2010-06-29 2013-05-14 Analogic Corporation Anti-counterfeiting / authentication
US8814048B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-08-26 Zappar Limited Content identification and distribution
US8910859B2 (en) * 2010-07-19 2014-12-16 Advanced Track & Trace Methods and devices for marking and authenticating a product by a consumer
US20150116530A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-04-30 Easy Printing Network Limited Article authentication apparatus having a built-in light emitting device and camera
EP3388250A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2018-10-17 tesa scribos GmbH Caractéristique de sécurité à protection contre la copie
DE102017206467A1 (de) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Tesa Scribos Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsmerkmals und zur Authentifizierung eines Sicherheitsmerkmals sowie ein Sicherheitsmerkmal

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US8442295B2 (en) 2010-06-29 2013-05-14 Analogic Corporation Anti-counterfeiting / authentication
US8910859B2 (en) * 2010-07-19 2014-12-16 Advanced Track & Trace Methods and devices for marking and authenticating a product by a consumer
US8814048B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-08-26 Zappar Limited Content identification and distribution
US20150116530A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-04-30 Easy Printing Network Limited Article authentication apparatus having a built-in light emitting device and camera
EP3388250A1 (fr) 2017-04-13 2018-10-17 tesa scribos GmbH Caractéristique de sécurité à protection contre la copie
DE102017206467A1 (de) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Tesa Scribos Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsmerkmals und zur Authentifizierung eines Sicherheitsmerkmals sowie ein Sicherheitsmerkmal
EP3610409A1 (fr) * 2017-04-13 2020-02-19 tesa scribos GmbH Procédé servant à fabriquer une caractéristique de sécurité et servant à authentifier une caractéristique de sécurité, et caractéristique de sécurité

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2612174A (en) * 2021-08-20 2023-04-26 Andrews & Wykeham Ltd Optical authentication structure with augmented reality feature
US11995510B2 (en) 2021-08-20 2024-05-28 Andrews & Wykeham Limited Optical authentication structure with augmented reality feature
WO2023237476A1 (fr) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-14 Scribos Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un corps multicouche, corps multicouche, procédé d'authentification d'un corps multicouche et système d'authentification

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EP3977423A1 (fr) 2022-04-06

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